1
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Yang L, Qiu G, Sun Y, Sun L, Fan X, Han Q, Li Z. Temperature-Sensitive Sensors Modified with Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide): Enhancing Performance through Tailored Thermoresponsiveness. Molecules 2024; 29:3327. [PMID: 39064905 PMCID: PMC11279292 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29143327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of temperature-sensitive sensors upgraded by poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) represents a significant stride in enhancing performance and tailoring thermoresponsiveness. In this study, an array of temperature-responsive electrochemical sensors modified with different PNIPAM-based copolymer films were fabricated via a "coating and grafting" two-step film-forming technique on screen-printed platinum electrodes (SPPEs). Chemical composition, grafting density, equilibrium swelling, surface wettability, surface morphology, amperometric response, cyclic voltammograms, and other properties were evaluated for the modified SPPEs, successively. The modified SPPEs exhibited significant changes in their properties depending on the preparation concentrations, but all the resulting sensors showed excellent stability and repeatability. The modified sensors demonstrated favorable sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide and L-ascorbic acid. Furthermore, notable temperature-induced variations in electrical signals were observed as the electrodes were subjected to temperature fluctuations above and below the lower critical solution temperature (LCST). The ability to reversibly respond to temperature variations, coupled with the tunability of PNIPAM's thermoresponsive properties, opens up new possibilities for the design of sensors that can adapt to changing environments and optimize their performance accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun 113001, China; (L.Y.); (G.Q.); (L.S.)
| | - Guangwei Qiu
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun 113001, China; (L.Y.); (G.Q.); (L.S.)
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- College of Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China;
| | - Luqiao Sun
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun 113001, China; (L.Y.); (G.Q.); (L.S.)
| | - Xiaoguang Fan
- College of Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China;
| | - Qiuju Han
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun 113001, China; (L.Y.); (G.Q.); (L.S.)
| | - Zheng Li
- School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun 113001, China;
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2
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López-Iglesias C, Klinger D. Rational Design and Development of Polymeric Nanogels as Protein Carriers. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2300256. [PMID: 37551821 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Proteins have gained significant attention as potential therapeutic agents owing to their high specificity and reduced toxicity. Nevertheless, their clinical utility is hindered by inherent challenges associated with stability during storage and after in vivo administration. To overcome these limitations, polymeric nanogels (NGs) have emerged as promising carriers. These colloidal systems are capable of efficient encapsulation and stabilization of protein cargoes while improving their bioavailability and targeted delivery. The design of such delivery systems requires a comprehensive understanding of how the synthesis and formulation processes affect the final performance of the protein. This review highlights critical aspects involved in the development of NGs for protein delivery, with specific emphasis on loading strategies and evaluation techniques. For example, factors influencing loading efficiency and release kinetics are discussed, along with strategies to optimize protein encapsulation through protein-carrier interactions to achieve the desired therapeutic outcomes. The discussion is based on recent literature examples and aims to provide valuable insights for researchers working toward the advancement of protein-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara López-Iglesias
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise Straße 2-4, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, I+D Farma group (GI-1645), Faculty of Pharmacy, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Daniel Klinger
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise Straße 2-4, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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3
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Clegg JR, Peppas NA. Design of Synthetic Hydrogel Compositions for Noncovalent Protein Recognition. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 36912849 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c20857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Multifunctional hydrogels composed of segments with ionizable, hydrophilic, and hydrophobic monomers have been optimized for sensing, bioseparation, and therapeutic applications. While the "biological identity" of bound proteins from biofluids underlies device performance in each context, design rules that predict protein binding outcomes from hydrogel design parameters are lacking. Uniquely, hydrogel designs that influence protein affinity (e.g., ionizable monomers, hydrophobic moieties, conjugated ligands, cross-linking) also affect physical properties (e.g., matrix stiffness, volumetric swelling). Here, we evaluated the influence of hydrophobic comonomer steric bulk and quantity on the protein recognition characteristics of ionizable microscale hydrogels (microgels) while controlling for swelling. Using a library synthesis approach, we identified compositions that balance the practical balance between protein-microgel affinity and the loaded mass at saturation. Intermediate quantities (10-30 mol %) of hydrophobic comonomer increased the equilibrium binding of certain model proteins (lysozyme, lactoferrin) in buffer conditions that favored complementary electrostatic interactions. Solvent-accessible surface area analysis of model proteins identified arginine content as highly predictive of model proteins' binding to our library of hydrogels containing acidic and hydrophobic comonomers. Taken together, we established an empirical framework for characterizing the molecular recognition properties of multifunctional hydrogels. Our study is the first to identify solvent-accessible arginine as an important predictor for protein binding to hydrogels containing both acidic and hydrophobic subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Clegg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Nicholas A Peppas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care and Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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4
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Protein-Nanoparticle Interactions Govern the Interfacial Behavior of Polymeric Nanogels: Study of Protein Corona Formation at the Air/Water Interface. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032810. [PMID: 36769129 PMCID: PMC9917661 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomedical applications of nanoparticles require a fundamental understanding of their interactions and behavior with biological interfaces. Protein corona formation can alter the morphology and properties of nanomaterials, and knowledge of the interfacial behavior of the complexes, using in situ analytical techniques, will impact the development of nanocarriers to maximize uptake and permeability at cellular interfaces. In this study we evaluate the interactions of acrylamide-based nanogels, with neutral, positive, and negative charges, with serum-abundant proteins albumin, fibrinogen, and immunoglobulin G. The formation of a protein corona complex between positively charged nanoparticles and albumin is characterized by dynamic light scattering, circular dichroism, and surface tensiometry; we use neutron reflectometry to resolve the complex structure at the air/water interface and demonstrate the effect of increased protein concentration on the interface. Surface tensiometry data suggest that the structure of the proteins can impact the interfacial properties of the complex formed. These results contribute to the understanding of the factors that influence the bio-nano interface, which will help to design nanomaterials with improved properties for applications in drug delivery.
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5
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Ren L, Feng W, Hong F, Wang Z, Huang H, Chen Y. One-step homogeneous micro-orifice resistance immunoassay for detection of chlorpyrifos in orange samples. Food Chem 2022; 386:132712. [PMID: 35339078 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a one-step homogeneous micro-orifice resistance immunoassay has been proposed for chlorpyrifos detection by integrating functionalized polystyrene (PS) microsphere probes with particle counting technology. The particle counter is highly sensitive and accurate for detecting the state of PS microspheres, where the particles of different states exhibit significant differences in resistance. The state of the functionalized PS microspheres is altered from dispersed to aggregated during the antigen-antibody recognition. Based on the degree of aggregation of the functionalized PS microsphere probes, chlorpyrifos can be quantitatively detected through the competitive immune response between PS antibodies and PS complete antigens. This one-step homogeneous micro-orifice resistance immunoassay simplified the procedures and greatly increased the sensitivity of detection, which has been successfully applied to detect chlorpyrifos in orange samples within 0.5 h, with the detection limit of 0.058 ng/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangqiong Ren
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Wanxian Feng
- College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Feng Hong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Zhilong Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Hanying Huang
- College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Yiping Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China; Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shenzhen, China.
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6
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Dargaville BL, Hutmacher DW. Water as the often neglected medium at the interface between materials and biology. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4222. [PMID: 35864087 PMCID: PMC9304379 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31889-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite its apparent simplicity, water behaves in a complex manner and is fundamental in controlling many physical, chemical and biological processes. The molecular mechanisms underlying interaction of water with materials, particularly polymer networks such as hydrogels, have received much attention in the research community. Despite this, a large gulf still exists in applying what is known to rationalize how the molecular organization of water on and within these materials impacts biological processes. In this perspective, we outline the importance of water in biomaterials science as a whole and give indications for future research directions towards emergence of a complete picture of water, materials and biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- B L Dargaville
- Max Planck Queensland Centre on the Materials Science for Extracellular Matrices, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
| | - D W Hutmacher
- Max Planck Queensland Centre on the Materials Science for Extracellular Matrices, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia.
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7
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Li Z, Jiang Y, Zhao H, Liu L. Ca 2+-Chelation-Induced Fabrication of Multistimuli-Responsive Charged Nanogels from Phospholipid-Polymer Conjugates and Use for Drug/Protein Loading. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:6612-6622. [PMID: 35578744 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Thermoresponsive phospholipid-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PL-PNIPAM) conjugates were synthesized via reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization mediated by a phospholipid-modified trithiocarbonate. Temperature triggered the micellization of the PL-PNIPAM conjugate to form phosphate group-decorated micelles in the aqueous solution. Driven by the chelation of phospholipids and Ca2+, the PL-PNIPAM conjugate and Ca2+ ions formed size-tunable nanoclusters at a temperature beyond the lower critical solution temperature. To fabricate cross-linked nanogels, NIPAM was copolymerized with N-succinimidyl acrylate (NSA) to obtain the PL-P(NIPAM-co-NSA) conjugate bearing pendent cross-linkable functionalities. Subsequently, the size-controllable nanogels containing disulfide linkages were generated at 37 °C by cross-linking the PL-P(NIPAM-co-NSA)/Ca2+ nanoclusters with cystamine through modulation of Ca2+ concentrations. These negatively charged nanogels demonstrate temperature/pH/reduction triple responsiveness. The nanogels can be efficiently loaded with doxorubicin (DOX) and proteins with various isoelectric points. The DOX-loaded nanogels exhibited a temperature/pH/reduction triple-responsive release profile. The immobilized RNase A, BSA, and GOx retained the protein bioactivity. The release of RNase A-loaded nanogels possesses a temperature-responsive profile. The immobilization of Lys and cytochrome C in nanogels inhibited protein bioactivity. However, the addition of NaCl triggered the recovery of bioactivity. These multistimuli-responsive nanogels can provide a versatile platform applicable in biotechnology and drug/protein delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Yanfen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Hanying Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
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8
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Peters JT, Wechsler ME, Peppas NA. Advanced biomedical hydrogels: molecular architecture and its impact on medical applications. Regen Biomater 2021; 8:rbab060. [PMID: 34925879 PMCID: PMC8678442 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbab060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels are cross-linked polymeric networks swollen in water, physiological aqueous solutions or biological fluids. They are synthesized by a wide range of polymerization methods that allow for the introduction of linear and branched units with specific molecular characteristics. In addition, they can be tuned to exhibit desirable chemical characteristics including hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity. The synthesized hydrogels can be anionic, cationic, or amphiphilic and can contain multifunctional cross-links, junctions or tie points. Beyond these characteristics, hydrogels exhibit compatibility with biological systems, and can be synthesized to render systems that swell or collapse in response to external stimuli. This versatility and compatibility have led to better understanding of how the hydrogel's molecular architecture will affect their physicochemical, mechanical and biological properties. We present a critical summary of the main methods to synthesize hydrogels, which define their architecture, and advanced structural characteristics for macromolecular/biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan T Peters
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, 200 E. Dean Keeton, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, 107 W. Dean Keeton, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Marissa E Wechsler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - Nicholas A Peppas
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, 200 E. Dean Keeton, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, 107 W. Dean Keeton, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 107 W. Dean Keeton, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, 107 W. Dean Keeton, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care, and Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, 1601 Trinity St., Bldg. B, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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9
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Wechsler ME, Jocelyn Dang HKH, Simmonds SP, Bahrami K, Wyse JM, Dahlhauser SD, Reuther JF, VandeWalle AN, Anslyn EV, Peppas NA. Electrostatic and Covalent Assemblies of Anionic Hydrogel-Coated Gold Nanoshells for Detection of Dry Eye Biomarkers in Human Tears. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:8734-8740. [PMID: 34623161 PMCID: PMC8588787 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c02941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Although dry eye is highly prevalent, many challenges exist in diagnosing the symptom and related diseases. For this reason, anionic hydrogel-coated gold nanoshells (AuNSs) were used in the development of a label-free biosensor for detection of high isoelectric point tear biomarkers associated with dry eye. A custom, aldehyde-functionalized oligo(ethylene glycol)acrylate (Al-OEGA) was included in the hydrogel coating to enhance protein recognition through the formation of dynamic covalent (DC) imine bonds with solvent-accessible lysine residues present on the surface of select tear proteins. Our results demonstrated that hydrogel-coated AuNSs, composed of monomers that form ionic and DC bonds with select tear proteins, greatly enhance protein recognition due to changes in the maximum localized surface plasmon resonance wavelength exhibited by AuNSs in noncompetitive and competitive environments. Validation of the developed biosensor in commercially available pooled human tears revealed the potential for clinical translation to establish a method for dry eye diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa E Wechsler
- Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - H K H Jocelyn Dang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Susana P Simmonds
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Kiana Bahrami
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Jordyn M Wyse
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Samuel D Dahlhauser
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - James F Reuther
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States
| | - Abigail N VandeWalle
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Eric V Anslyn
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Nicholas A Peppas
- Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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10
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Macdougall LJ, Wechsler ME, Culver HR, Benke EH, Broerman A, Bowman CN, Anseth KS. Charged Poly( N-isopropylacrylamide) Nanogels for the Stabilization of High Isoelectric Point Proteins. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:4282-4292. [PMID: 33560107 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Storage and transportation of protein therapeutics using refrigeration is a costly process; a reliable electrical supply is vital, expensive equipment is needed, and unique transportation is required. Reducing the reliance on the cold chain would enable low-cost transportation and storage of biologics, ultimately improving accessibility of this class of therapeutics to patients in remote locations. Herein, we report on the synthesis of charged poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) nanogels that efficiently adsorb a range of different proteins of varying isoelectric points and molecular weights (e.g., adsorption capacity (Q) = 4.7 ± 0.2 mg/mg at 6 mg/mL initial IgG concentration), provide protection from external environmental factors (i.e., temperature), and subsequently release the proteins in an efficient manner (e.g., 100 ± 1% at 2 mg/mL initial IgG concentration). Both cationic and anionic nanogels were synthesized and selectively chosen based on the ability to form electrostatic interactions with adsorbed proteins (e.g., cationic nanogels adsorb low isoelectric point proteins whereas anionic nanogels adsorb high isoelectric point proteins). The nanogel-protein complex formed upon adsorption increases the stabilization of the protein's tertiary structure, providing protection against denaturation at elevated temperatures (e.g., 84 ± 4% of the protected IgG was stabilized when exposed to 65 °C). The addition of a high molar salt solution (e.g., 40 mM CaCl2 solution) to protein-laden nanogels disrupts the electrostatic interactions and collapses the nanogel, ultimately releasing the protein. The versatile materials utilized, in addition to the protein loading and release mechanisms described, provide a simple and efficient strategy to protect fragile biologics for their transport to remote areas without necessitating costly storage equipment.
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11
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Murphy AC, Wechsler ME, Peppas NA. Recent Advancements in Biosensing Approaches for Screening and Diagnostic Applications. CURRENT OPINION IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2021; 19:100318. [PMID: 34458653 PMCID: PMC8389739 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2021.100318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Recent advancements in molecular recognition have provided additional diagnostic and treatment approaches for multiple diseases, including autoimmune disorders and cancers. Research investigating how the composition of biological fluids is altered during disease progression, including differences in the expression of the small molecules, proteins, RNAs, and other components present in patient tears, saliva, blood, urine, or other fluids, has provided a wealth of potential candidates for early disease screening; however, adoption of biomarker screening into clinical settings has been challenged by the need for more robust, low-cost, and high-throughput assays. This review examines current approaches in molecular recognition and biosensing for the quantification of biomarkers for disease screening and diagnostic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C Murphy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
- Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX, 78712, USA
| | - Marissa E Wechsler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - Nicholas A Peppas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
- Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX, 78712, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX, 78712, USA
- College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX, 78712, USA
- Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX, 78712, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX, 78723, USA
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12
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Yoshimatsu K, Fruehauf KR, Zhu Q, Weisman A, Fan J, Xue M, Beierle JM, Rose PE, Aral J, Epstein LF, Tagari P, Miranda LP, Shea KJ. Metal-Free Polymer-Based Affinity Medium for Selective Purification of His6-Tagged Proteins. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:1695-1705. [PMID: 33783189 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a metal free synthetic hydrogel copolymer with affinity and selectivity for His6-tagged peptides and proteins. Small libraries of copolymers incorporating charged and hydrophobic functional groups were screened by an iterative process for His6 peptide affinity. The monomer selection was guided by interactions found in the crystal structure of an anti-His tag antibody-His6 peptide antigen complex. Synthetic copolymers incorporating a phenylalanine-derived monomer were found to exhibit strong affinity for both His6-containing peptides and proteins. The proximity of both aromatic and negatively charged functional groups were important factors for the His6 affinity of hydrogel copolymers. His6 affinity was not compromised by the presence of enzyme cleavage sequences. The His6-copolymer interactions are pH sensitive: the copolymer selectively captured His6 peptides at pH 7.8 while the interactions were substantially weakened at pH 8.6. This provided mild conditions for releasing His6-tagged proteins from the copolymer. Finally, a synthetic copolymer coated chromatographic medium was prepared and applied to the purification of a His6-tagged protein from an E. coli expression system. The results establish that a synthetic copolymer-based affinity medium can function as an effective alternative to immobilized metal ion columns for the purification of His6-tagged proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Yoshimatsu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Missouri State University, 901 South National Avenue, Springfield, Missouri 65897, United States
| | - Krista R Fruehauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Quanhong Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Adam Weisman
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Jun Fan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Min Xue
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - John M Beierle
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Paul E Rose
- Therapeutic Discovery, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Jennifer Aral
- Therapeutic Discovery, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Linda F Epstein
- Therapeutic Discovery, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Philip Tagari
- Therapeutic Discovery, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Les P Miranda
- Therapeutic Discovery, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Kenneth J Shea
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
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13
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Pérez-Chávez NA, Albesa AG, Longo GS. Thermodynamic Theory of Multiresponsive Microgel Swelling. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Néstor A. Pérez-Chávez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas, Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), UNLP-CONICET, La Plata 1900, Argentina
| | - Alberto G. Albesa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas, Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), UNLP-CONICET, La Plata 1900, Argentina
| | - Gabriel S. Longo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas, Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), UNLP-CONICET, La Plata 1900, Argentina
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14
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Clegg JR, Sun JA, Gu J, Venkataraman AK, Peppas NA. Peptide conjugation enhances the cellular co-localization, but not endosomal escape, of modular poly(acrylamide-co-methacrylic acid) nanogels. J Control Release 2021; 329:1162-1171. [PMID: 33127451 PMCID: PMC7904656 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles must recognize, adhere to, and/or traverse multiple barriers in sequence to achieve cytosolic drug delivery. New nanoparticles often exhibit a unique ability to cross a single barrier (i.e. the vasculature, cell membrane, or endosomal compartment), but fail to deliver an adequate dose to intracellular sites of action because they cannot traverse other biological barriers for which they were not optimized. Here, we developed poly(acrylamide-co-methacrylic acid) nanogels that were modified in a modular manner with bioactive peptides. This nanogel does not recognize target cells or disrupt endosomal vesicles in its unmodified state, but can incorporate peptides with molecular recognition or environmentally responsive properties. Nanogels were modified with up to 15 wt% peptide without significantly altering their size, surface charge, or stability in aqueous buffer. Nanogels modified with a colon cancer-targeting oligopeptide exhibited up to a 324% enhancement in co-localization with SW-48 colon cancer cells in vitro, while influencing nanogel uptake by fibroblasts and macrophages to a lesser extent. Nanogels modified with an endosome disrupting peptide failed to retain its native endosomolytic activity, when coupled either individually or in combination with the targeting peptide. Our results offer a proof-of-concept for modifying synthetic nanogels with a combination of peptides that address barriers to cytosolic delivery individually and in tandem. Our data further motivate the need to identify endosome disrupting moieties which retain their activity within poly(acidic) networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Clegg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Jessie A Sun
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Joann Gu
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | | | - Nicholas A Peppas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA; McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine University of Texas, Austin, TX 78705, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care, Dell Medical School, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
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15
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Preman NK, Barki RR, Vijayan A, Sanjeeva SG, Johnson RP. Recent developments in stimuli-responsive polymer nanogels for drug delivery and diagnostics: A review. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2020; 157:121-153. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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16
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González-Jartín JM, de Castro Alves L, Alfonso A, Piñeiro Y, Vilar SY, Rodríguez I, Gomez MG, Osorio ZV, Sainz MJ, Vieytes MR, Rivas J, Botana LM. Magnetic nanostructures for marine and freshwater toxins removal. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 256:127019. [PMID: 32417588 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Marine and freshwater toxins contaminate water resources, shellfish and aquaculture products, causing a broad range of toxic effects in humans and animals. Different core-shell nanoparticles were tested as a new sorbent for removing marine and freshwater toxins from liquid media. Water solutions were contaminated with 20 μg/L of marine toxins and up to 50 μg/L of freshwater toxins and subsequently treated with 250 or 125 mg/L of nanoparticles. Under these conditions, carbon nanoparticles removed around 70% of saxitoxins, spirolides, and azaspiracids, and up to 38% of diarrheic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the case of freshwater toxins, the 85% of microcystin LR was eliminated; other cyclic peptide toxins were also removed in a high percentage. Marine toxins were adsorbed in the first 5 min of contact, while for freshwater toxins it was necessary 60 min to reach the maximum adsorption. Toxins were recovered by extraction from nanoparticles with different solvents. Gymnodinium catenatum, Prorocentrum lima, and Microcystis aeruginosa cultures were employed to test the ability of nanoparticles to adsorb toxins in a real environment, and the same efficacy to remove toxins was observed in these conditions. These results suggest the possibility of using the nanotechnology in the treatment of contaminated water or in chemical analysis applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús M González-Jartín
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain.
| | - Lisandra de Castro Alves
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Facultad de Física, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Amparo Alfonso
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain.
| | - Y Piñeiro
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Facultad de Física, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Susana Yáñez Vilar
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Facultad de Física, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Inés Rodríguez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain; Laboratario CIFGA S.A., Avda. Benigno Rivera, 56, 27003, Lugo, Spain.
| | - Manuel González Gomez
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Facultad de Física, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Zulema Vargas Osorio
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Facultad de Física, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - María J Sainz
- Departamento de Producción Vegetal y Proyectos de Ingeniería, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain.
| | - Mercedes R Vieytes
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain.
| | - J Rivas
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Facultad de Física, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Luis M Botana
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain.
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17
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Richbourg NR, Peppas NA. The swollen polymer network hypothesis: Quantitative models of hydrogel swelling, stiffness, and solute transport. Prog Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2020.101243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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18
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Honda R, Gyobu T, Shimahara H, Miura Y, Hoshino Y. Electrostatic Interactions between Acid-/Base-Containing Polymer Nanoparticles and Proteins: Impact of Polymerization pH. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:3827-3834. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryutaro Honda
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Gyobu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Hideto Shimahara
- Center for Nano Materials and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1211, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Miura
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yu Hoshino
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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19
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Navarro L, Theune LE, Calderón M. Effect of crosslinking density on thermoresponsive nanogels: A study on the size control and the kinetics release of biomacromolecules. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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20
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Abstract
Biomacromolecules and engineered materials can achieve molecular recognition if they engage their ligand with properly oriented and chemically complementary moieties. Recently, there has been significant interest in fabricating recognitive soft materials, which possess specific affinity for biological analytes. We present a summary and evaluation of current recognitive materials for biosensing, drug delivery, and regenerative medicine applications. We highlight the impact of material composition on the extent and specificity of ligand adsorption, citing new theoretical and empirical evidence. We conclude with a guide for synthesizing and characterizing novel recognitive materials, as well as recommendations for ligand selection and experimental design.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Clegg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 107 W Dean Keeton Street Stop C0800, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Nicholas A Peppas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 107 W Dean Keeton Street Stop C0800, Austin, TX 78712, USA. and McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 200 E. Dean Keeton St. Stop C0400, Austin, TX 78712, USA and Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, 107 W Dean Keeton Street Stop C0800, Austin, TX 78712, USA and Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, 2409 University Ave. Stop A1900, Austin, TX 78712, USA and Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care, Dell Medical School, 1601 Trinity St., Bldg. B, Stop Z0800, Austin, TX 78712, USA and Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd., Austin, TX 7872, USA
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21
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Kaushal S, Nanda SS, Samal S, Yi DK. Strategies for the Development of Metallic‐Nanoparticle‐Based Label‐Free Biosensors and Their Biomedical Applications. Chembiochem 2019; 21:576-600. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kaushal
- Department of ChemistryMyongji University Myong Ji Road 116 17058 Yongin Republic of Korea
| | - Sitansu Sekhar Nanda
- Department of ChemistryMyongji University Myong Ji Road 116 17058 Yongin Republic of Korea
| | - Shashadhar Samal
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringGIST 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro Buk-gu 61005 Gwangju Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Kee Yi
- Department of ChemistryMyongji University Myong Ji Road 116 17058 Yongin Republic of Korea
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22
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Clegg JR, Wagner AM, Shin SR, Hassan S, Khademhosseini A, Peppas NA. Modular Fabrication of Intelligent Material-Tissue Interfaces for Bioinspired and Biomimetic Devices. PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE 2019; 106:100589. [PMID: 32189815 PMCID: PMC7079701 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2019.100589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
One of the goals of biomaterials science is to reverse engineer aspects of human and nonhuman physiology. Similar to the body's regulatory mechanisms, such devices must transduce changes in the physiological environment or the presence of an external stimulus into a detectable or therapeutic response. This review is a comprehensive evaluation and critical analysis of the design and fabrication of environmentally responsive cell-material constructs for bioinspired machinery and biomimetic devices. In a bottom-up analysis, we begin by reviewing fundamental principles that explain materials' responses to chemical gradients, biomarkers, electromagnetic fields, light, and temperature. Strategies for fabricating highly ordered assemblies of material components at the nano to macro-scales via directed assembly, lithography, 3D printing and 4D printing are also presented. We conclude with an account of contemporary material-tissue interfaces within bioinspired and biomimetic devices for peptide delivery, cancer theranostics, biomonitoring, neuroprosthetics, soft robotics, and biological machines.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Clegg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Angela M Wagner
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Su Ryon Shin
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shabir Hassan
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioindustrial Technologies, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nicholas A Peppas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
- Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
- Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care, Dell Medical School, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
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23
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Kudo H, Maejima K, Hiruta Y, Citterio D. Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices for Colorimetric Detection of Lactoferrin. SLAS Technol 2019; 25:47-57. [DOI: 10.1177/2472630319884031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lactoferrin is an abundant glycoprotein in human body fluids and is known as a biomarker for various diseases. Therefore, point-of-care testing (POCT) for lactoferrin is of interest. Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (µPADs) have gained a lot of attention as next-generation POCT device candidates, due to their inexpensiveness, operational simplicity, and being safely disposable. This work presents a colorimetric sensing approach for quantitative lactoferrin analysis. The detection mechanism takes advantage of the high affinity of lactoferrin to ferric ions (Fe3+). Lactoferrin is able to displace an indicator from a colorimetric 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-diethylaminophenol (5-Br-PADAP)-Fe3+ complex, resulting in a color change. A 5-Br-PADAP-Fe3+ complex was encapsulated into water-dispersible poly(styrene- block-vinylpyrrolidone) particles, whose physical entrapment in the cellulosic fiber network results in the immobilization of the complex to the paper matrix. The complex-encapsulating particles showed a color change response in accordance with lactoferrin concentration. Both color intensity-based paper well plates and distance readout-based µPADs are demonstrated. Color intensity-based devices allowed quantitative analysis of lactoferrin concentrations with a limit of detection of 110 µg/mL, using a smartphone and a color readout app. On the other hand, distance readout-based µPADs showed changes of the length of colored sections in accordance with lactoferrin concentration. In summary, we successfully developed both colorimetric intensity-based paper wells and distance-based µPADs for lactoferrin detection. This work demonstrates a user-friendly colorimetric analysis platform for lactoferrin without requiring lab equipment and expensive antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Kudo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kento Maejima
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuki Hiruta
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Daniel Citterio
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
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24
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25
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Ilgin P, Ozay H, Ozay O. A new dual stimuli responsive hydrogel: Modeling approaches for the prediction of drug loading and release profile. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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26
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Yang X, Shu W, Wang Y, Gong Y, Gong C, Chen Q, Tan X, Peng GD, Fan X, Rao YJ. Turbidimetric inhibition immunoassay revisited to enhance its sensitivity via an optofluidic laser. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 131:60-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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27
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Culver HR, Wechsler ME, Peppas NA. Label-Free Detection of Tear Biomarkers Using Hydrogel-Coated Gold Nanoshells in a Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance-Based Biosensor. ACS NANO 2018; 12:9342-9354. [PMID: 30204412 PMCID: PMC6156935 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b04348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The dependence of the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of noble-metal nanomaterials on refractive index makes LSPR a useful, label-free signal transduction strategy for biosensing. In particular, by decorating gold nanomaterials with molecular recognition agents, analytes of interest can be trapped near the surface, resulting in an increased refractive index surrounding the nanomaterial, and, consequently, a red shift in the LSPR wavelength. Ionic poly( N-isopropylacrylamide- co-methacrylic acid) (PNM) hydrogels were used as protein receptors because PNM nanogels exhibit a large increase in refractive index upon protein binding. Specifically, PNM hydrogels were synthesized on the surface of silica gold nanoshells (AuNSs). This composite material (AuNS@PNM) was used to detect changes in the concentration of two protein biomarkers of chronic dry eye: lysozyme and lactoferrin. Both of these proteins have high isoelectric points, resulting in electrostatic attraction between the negatively charged PNM hydrogels and positively charged proteins. Upon binding lysozyme or lactoferrin, AuNS@PNM exhibits large, concentration-dependent red shifts in LSPR wavelength, which enabled the detection of clinically relevant concentration changes of both biomarkers in human tears. The LSPR-based biosensor described herein has potential utility as an affordable screening tool for chronic dry eye and associated conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi R. Culver
- Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
| | - Marissa E. Wechsler
- Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
| | - Nicholas A. Peppas
- Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy
- Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, United States
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28
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Li Z, Askim JR, Suslick KS. The Optoelectronic Nose: Colorimetric and Fluorometric Sensor Arrays. Chem Rev 2018; 119:231-292. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 476] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jon R. Askim
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Kenneth S. Suslick
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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29
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Echeverria C, Fernandes SN, Godinho MH, Borges JP, Soares PIP. Functional Stimuli-Responsive Gels: Hydrogels and Microgels. Gels 2018; 4:E54. [PMID: 30674830 PMCID: PMC6209286 DOI: 10.3390/gels4020054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
One strategy that has gained much attention in the last decades is the understanding and further mimicking of structures and behaviours found in nature, as inspiration to develop materials with additional functionalities. This review presents recent advances in stimuli-responsive gels with emphasis on functional hydrogels and microgels. The first part of the review highlights the high impact of stimuli-responsive hydrogels in materials science. From macro to micro scale, the review also collects the most recent studies on the preparation of hybrid polymeric microgels composed of a nanoparticle (able to respond to external stimuli), encapsulated or grown into a stimuli-responsive matrix (microgel). This combination gave rise to interesting multi-responsive functional microgels and paved a new path for the preparation of multi-stimuli "smart" systems. Finally, special attention is focused on a new generation of functional stimuli-responsive polymer hydrogels able to self-shape (shape-memory) and/or self-repair. This last functionality could be considered as the closing loop for smart polymeric gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coro Echeverria
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, ICTP-CSIC, Calle Juan de la Cierva 3, Madrid 28006, Spain.
| | - Susete N Fernandes
- I3N/CENIMAT, Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal.
| | - Maria H Godinho
- I3N/CENIMAT, Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal.
| | - João Paulo Borges
- I3N/CENIMAT, Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal.
| | - Paula I P Soares
- I3N/CENIMAT, Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal.
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30
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Gelissen APH, Scotti A, Turnhoff SK, Janssen C, Radulescu A, Pich A, Rudov AA, Potemkin II, Richtering W. An anionic shell shields a cationic core allowing for uptake and release of polyelectrolytes within core-shell responsive microgels. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:4287-4299. [PMID: 29774926 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm00397a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To realize carriers for drug delivery, cationic containers are required for anionic guests. Nevertheless, the toxicity of cationic carriers limits their practical use. In this study, we investigate a model system of polyampholyte N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM)-based microgels with a cationic core and an anionic shell to study whether the presence of a negative shell allows the cationic core to be shielded while still enabling the uptake and release of the anionic guest polyelectrolytes. These microgels are loaded with polystyrene sulfonate of different molecular weights to investigate the influence of their chain length on the uptake and release process. By means of small-angle neutron scattering, we evaluate the spatial distribution of polystyrene sulfonate within the microgels. The guest molecules are located in different parts of the core-shell microgels depending on their size. By combining these scattering results with UV-vis spectroscopy, electrophoretic mobility and potentiometric titrations we gain complementary results to investigate the uptake and release process of polyelectrolytes in polyampholyte core-shell microgels. Moreover, Brownian molecular dynamic simulations are performed to compare the experimental and theoretical results of this model. Our findings demonstrate that the presence of a shell still enables efficient uptake of guest molecules into the cationic core. These anionic guest molecules can be released through an anionic shell. Furthermore, the presence of a shell enhances the stability of the microgel-polyelectrolyte complexes with respect to the cationic precursor microgel alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjan P H Gelissen
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany.
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31
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Zhong JX, Clegg JR, Ander EW, Peppas NA. Tunable poly(methacrylic acid-co-acrylamide) nanoparticles through inverse emulsion polymerization. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 106:1677-1686. [PMID: 29453807 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Environmentally responsive biomaterials have played key roles in the design of biosensors and drug delivery vehicles. Their physical response to external stimuli, such as temperature or pH, can transduce a signal or trigger the release of a drug. In this work, we designed a robust, highly tunable, pH-responsive nanoscale hydrogel system. We present the design and characterization of poly(methacrylic acid-co-acrylamide) hydrogel nanoparticles, crosslinked with methylenebisacrylamide, through inverse emulsion polymerization. The effects of polymerization parameters (i.e., identities and concentrations of monomer and surfactant) and polymer composition (i.e., weight fraction of ionic and crosslinking monomers) on the nanoparticles' bulk and environmentally responsive properties were determined. We generated uniform, spherical nanoparticles which, through modulation of crosslinking, exhibit a volume swelling of 1.77-4.07, relative to the collapsed state in an acidic environment. We believe our system has potential as a base platform for the targeted, injectable delivery of hydrophilic therapeutics. With equal importance, however, we hope that our systematic analysis of the individual impacts of polymerization and purification conditions on nanoparticle composition, morphology, and performance can be used to expedite the development of alternate hydrophilic nanomaterials for a range of biomedical applications. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 1677-1686, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin X Zhong
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas.,Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - John R Clegg
- Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Eric W Ander
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas.,Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Nicholas A Peppas
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas.,Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas.,Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas.,Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas.,Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
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Swelling or deswelling? Composition-dependent CO2-responsive swelling behaviors of poly(acrylamide-co-2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) hydrogels. Colloid Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-018-4262-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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