1
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Kumar Bisai M, Łosiewicz J, Sotorrios L, Nichol GS, Dominey AP, Cowley MJ, Thomas SP, Macgregor SA, Ingleson MJ. Transition Metal-Free Catalytic C-H Zincation and Alumination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202404848. [PMID: 38577790 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202404848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
C-H metalation is the most efficient method to prepare aryl-zinc and -aluminium complexes that are ubiquitous nucleophiles. Virtually all C-H metalation routes to form Al/Zn organometallics require stoichiometric, strong Brønsted bases with no base-catalyzed reactions reported. Herein we present a catalytic in amine/ammonium salt (Et3N/[(Et3N)H]+) C-H metalation process to form aryl-zinc and aryl-aluminium complexes. Key to this approach is coupling an endergonic C-H metalation step with a sufficiently exergonic dehydrocoupling step between the ammonium salt by-product of C-H metalation ([(Et3N)H]+) and a Zn-H or Al-Me containing complex. This step, forming H2/MeH, makes the overall cycle exergonic while generating more of the reactive metal electrophile. Mechanistic studies supported by DFT calculations revealed metal-specific dehydrocoupling pathways, with the divergent reactivity due to the different metal valency (which impacts the accessibility of amine-free cationic metal complexes) and steric environment. Notably, dehydrocoupling in the zinc system proceeds through a ligand-mediated pathway involving protonation of the β-diketiminate Cγ position. Given this process is applicable to two disparate metals (Zn and Al), other main group metals and ligand sets are expected to be amenable to this transition metal-free, catalytic C-H metalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Kumar Bisai
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Justyna Łosiewicz
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Lia Sotorrios
- School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Gary S Nichol
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew P Dominey
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J Cowley
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen P Thomas
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart A Macgregor
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J Ingleson
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
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2
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Bourne C, Dong H, McKain K, Mayer LC, McKay AP, Cordes DB, Slawin AMZ, Stasch A. Alkyl backbone variations in common β-diketiminate ligands and applications to N-heterocyclic silylene chemistry. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:9887-9895. [PMID: 38807511 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt01298d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
We report the extension of the common β-diketimine proligand class, RArnacnacH (HC(RCNAr)2H), where R is an alkyl group such as Et or iPr, plus Ph, and Ar is a sterically demanding aryl substituent such as Dip = 2,6-diispropylphenyl, Dep = 2,6-diethylphenyl, Mes = 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl or mesityl, Xyl = 2,6-dimethylphenyl, via one-pot condensation procedures. When a condensation reaction is carried out using the chemical dehydrating agent PPSE (polyphosphoric acid trimethylsilylester), β-diketiminate phosphorus(V) products such as (iPrMesnacnac)PO2 can also be obtained, which can be converted to the respective proligand iPrMesnacnacH via alkaline hydrolysis. The RArnacnacH proligands can be converted to their alkali metal complexes with common methods and we have found that deprotonation of iPrDipnacnacH is significantly more sluggish than that of related β-diketimines with smaller backbone alkyl groups. The basicity of the RArnacnac- anions can play a role in the success of their salt metathesis chemistry and we have prepared and structurally characterised the EtDipnacnac-derived silicon(II) compounds (EtDipnacnac)SiBr and (EtDipnacnac')Si, where EtDipnacnac' is the deprotonated variant MeCHC(NDip)CHC(NDip)Et.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor Bourne
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK.
| | - Huanhuan Dong
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK.
| | - Katharine McKain
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK.
| | - Lena C Mayer
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK.
| | - Aidan P McKay
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK.
| | - David B Cordes
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK.
| | - Alexandra M Z Slawin
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK.
| | - Andreas Stasch
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK.
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3
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Gwinn R, Williams M, Latendresse TP, Slebodnick C, Troya D, Tarannum T, Thornton DA. Synthesis, Characterization, and the Effect of Lewis Bases on the Nuclearity of Iron Alkoxide Complexes. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:7692-7704. [PMID: 38608180 PMCID: PMC11061831 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Inspired by the potential of alkoxides as weak-field ligands and their ability to bridge, we report herein a series of high-spin iron complexes supported by a bis-alkoxide framework PhDbf. A diiron complex [Fe2(PhDbf)2] (1a) is obtained upon metalation of the ligand, whereas addition of substituted pyridines affords five-coordinate mononuclear iron complexes [(R-Py)2Fe(PhDbf)] (2a-4a, R = H, p-tBu, p-CF3). The potential for nuclearity control of the metal complexes via auxiliary ligands is highlighted by the formation of asymmetric diiron species [(p-CF3-Py)Fe2(PhDbf)2] (5a) and [(m-CF3-Py)Fe2(PhDbf)2] (6a) with trifluoromethyl substituted pyridines, while electron-rich pyridines only produced monomeric species. Electronic properties analysis via UV-vis, electron paramagnetic resonance, 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, and time-dependent density functional theory, along with redox capabilities of these complexes are reported to illustrate the effect of nuclearity on reactivity and the potential of these complexes to access higher oxidation states relevant in oxidative chemistry. Species 1a-5a, [(THF)2Fe(PhDbf)][PF6] (7), [PyFe(PhDbf)Cl] (2b), and [Py2Fe(PhDbf)][PF6] (2c) were characterized via SCXRD. Indirect evidence for the formation of dimeric Fe(III) species (1b, 5b, and 6b) is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reilly
K. Gwinn
- Department
of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute
and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Matthew Williams
- Department
of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute
and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Trevor P. Latendresse
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard
University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Carla Slebodnick
- Department
of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute
and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Diego Troya
- Department
of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute
and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Tasnema Tarannum
- Department
of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute
and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Diana A. Thornton
- Department
of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute
and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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4
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Nagelski AL, Ozerov M, Fataftah MS, Krzystek J, Greer SM, Holland PL, Telser J. Electronic Structure of Three-Coordinate Fe II and Co II β-Diketiminate Complexes. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:4511-4526. [PMID: 38408452 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The β-diketiminate supporting group, [ArNCRCHCRNAr]-, stabilizes low coordination number complexes. Four such complexes, where R = tert-butyl, Ar = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl, are studied: (nacnactBu)ML, where M = FeII, CoII and L = Cl, CH3. These are denoted FeCl, FeCH3, CoCl, and CoCH3 and have been previously reported and structurally characterized. The two FeII complexes (S = 2) have also been previously characterized by Mössbauer spectroscopy, but only indirect assessment of the ligand-field splitting and zero-field splitting (zfs) parameters was available. Here, EPR spectroscopy is used, both conventional field-domain for the CoII complexes (with S = 3/2) and frequency-domain, far-infrared magnetic resonance spectroscopy (FIRMS) for all four complexes. The CoII complexes were also studied by magnetometry. These studies allow accurate determination of the zfs parameters. The two FeII complexes are similar with nearly axial zfs and large magnitude zfs given by D = -37 ± 1 cm-1 for both. The two CoII complexes likewise exhibit large and nearly axial zfs, but surprisingly, CoCl has positive D = +55 cm-1 while CoCH3 has negative D = -49 cm-1. Theoretical methods were used to probe the electronic structures of the four complexes, which explain the experimental spectra and the zfs parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra L Nagelski
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Mykhaylo Ozerov
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Majed S Fataftah
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - J Krzystek
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Samuel M Greer
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Patrick L Holland
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Joshua Telser
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Physical Sciences, Roosevelt University, Chicago, Illinois 60605, United States
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5
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Ocampo MVL, Murray LJ. Metal-Tuned Ligand Reactivity Enables CX 2 (X = O, S) Homocoupling with Spectator Cu Centers. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:1019-1025. [PMID: 38165085 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Ligand non-innocence is ubiquitous in catalysis with ligands in synthetic complexes contributing as electron reservoirs or co-sites for substrate activation. The latter chemical non-innocence is manifested in H+ storage or relay at sites beyond the metal primary coordination sphere. Reaction of a competent CO2-to-oxalate reduction catalyst, namely, [K(THF)3](Cu3SL), where L3- is a tris(β-diketiminate) cyclophane, with CS2 affords tetrathiooxalate at long reaction times or at high CS2 concentrations, where otherwise an equilibrium is established between the starting species and a complex-CS2 adduct in which the CS2 is bound to the C atom on the ligand backbone. X-ray diffraction analysis of this adduct reveals no apparent metal participation, suggesting an entirely ligand-based reaction controlled by the charge state of the cluster. Thermodynamic parameters for the formation of the aforementioned Cligand-CS2 bond were experimentally determined, and trends with cation Lewis acidity were studied, where more acidic cations shift the equilibrium toward the adduct. Relevance of such an adduct in the reduction of CO2 to oxalate by this complex is supported by DFT studies, similar effects of countercation Lewis acidity on product formation, and the homocoupled heterocumulene product speciation as determined by isotopic labeling studies. Taken together, this system extends chemical non-innocence beyond H+ to effect catalytic transformations involving C-C bond formation and represents the rarest example of metal-ligand cooperativity, that is, spectator metal ion(s) and the ligand as the reaction center.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Victoria Lorenzo Ocampo
- Center for Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Leslie J Murray
- Center for Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
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6
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Hughes JWJ, Babula DJ, Stowers-Veitch F, Yuan K, Uzelac M, Nichol GS, Ingleson MJ, Garden JA. NacNac-zinc-pyridonate mediated ε-caprolactone ROP. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:17767-17775. [PMID: 37981810 PMCID: PMC10696559 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03344a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Herein we report the synthesis, isolation and polymerisation activity of two new zinc compounds based on a 2,6-diisopropylphenyl (Dipp) β-diiminate (NacNac) ligand framework with zinc also ligated by an amidate (2-pyridonate or 6-methyl-2-pyridonate) unit. The compounds crystallised as either monomeric (6-Me-2-pyridonate derivative) or dimeric (2-pyridonate) species, although both were found to be monomeric in solution via1H DOSY NMR spectroscopy, which was supported by DFT calculations. These observations suggest that both complexes initiate ring-opening polymerisation (ROP) through a single-site monometallic mechanism. High molecular weight poly ε-caprolactone (PCL) was achieved via exogenous initiator-free ROP conditions with both catalysts. An increase in the 2-pyridonate initiator steric bulk (6-Me- vs. 6-H-) resulted in an improved catalytic activity, facilitating complete monomer conversion within 1 h at 60 °C. Pyridonate end-groups were observed by MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry, contrasting with previous observations for DippNacNac-Zn acetate complexes (where no acetate end groups are observed), instead this more closely resembles the reactivity of DippNacNac-Zn alkoxide complexes in ROP (where RO end groups are observed). Additional major signals in the MALDI-ToF spectra were consistent with cyclic PCL species, which are attributed to back-biting ring-closing termination steps occuring in a process facilitated by the pyridonate unit being an effective leaving group. To the best of our knowledge, these complexes represent the first examples of pyridonate, and indeed amidate, initated ROP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack W J Hughes
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Dawid J Babula
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | | | - Kang Yuan
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Marina Uzelac
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Gary S Nichol
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Michael J Ingleson
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Jennifer A Garden
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
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7
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Jain A, Karmakar H, Roesky PW, Panda TK. Role of Bis(phosphinimino)methanides as Universal Ligands in the Coordination Sphere of Metals across the Periodic Table. Chem Rev 2023. [PMID: 38048165 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
The coordination chemistry of bis(phosphinimino)methanide ligands is widespread and accompanies a large number of metal ions in the periodic table ranging from lithium to neptunium. This unique class of ligand systems show copious coordination chemistry with the main-group, transition, rare-earth, and actinide metals and are considered to be among the most attractive ligand systems to researchers. The bis(phosphinimino)methanide metal complexes offer an extensive range of applications in various fields and have been demonstrated as one of the universal ligand systems to stabilize the metal ions in not only their usual but also their unusual oxidation states. The main-group and transition metal chemistry using bis(phosphinimino)methanides as ligands was last updated almost a decade ago. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of various state-of-the-art bis(phosphinimino)methanide-supported metal complexes by dealing with their synthesis, characterization, reactivity, and catalytic studies which were not included in the last critical reviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Jain
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Technology (MGIT), Gandipet-500075, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Himadri Karmakar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi-502284, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Peter W Roesky
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Engesserstr. 15 Geb. 30.45, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Tarun K Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi-502284, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
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8
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Lynch JR, Kennedy AR, Barker J, Mulvey RE. Modification of a Common β-diketiminate NacNac Framework via Sequential Lithiation and Small Molecule Insertion. Chemistry 2023:e202303373. [PMID: 38032346 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
A widely utilised class of ligands in synthesis and catalysis, β-diketiminate (BDI) or NacNac compounds were initially considered innocent in the sense that they remained intact in all their applications. That changed when the γ-C-H unit of their NCCCN backbone was found to engage in reactions with electrophiles. Here, we show that this special reactivity can be used advantageously to prepare tripodal modifications of the common NacNac ligand derived from 2,6-diisopropylphenyl-β-methyldiketimine [NacNacH (Me, Dipp)]. Lithiation to give NacNacLi, followed by reactions with isocyanates, isothiocyanates and a carbodiimide, have afforded a series of tripodal NacNac variants having N,N,N,O; N,N,N,S; or N,N,N,N potential dentation sites, many of which have been crystallographically characterised. Distinct ligating modes of these new ligands have been elucidated through the crystal structures of their lithiated derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R Lynch
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Alan R Kennedy
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Jim Barker
- Innospec Ltd., Oil Sites Road, Ellesmere Port, Cheshire, CH65 4EY, UK
| | - Robert E Mulvey
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
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9
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Videa H, Martínez-Martínez AJ. Revealing unbound β-diketiminate anions: structural dynamics from caesium complexes. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:13058-13062. [PMID: 37335258 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt01592k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
This study reports the first structural elucidation of β-diketiminate anions (BDI-), known for strong coordination, in their unbound form within caesium complexes. β-Diketiminate caesium salts (BDICs) were synthesised, and upon the addition of Lewis donor ligands, free BDI- anions and donor-solvated Cs+ cations were observed. Notably, the liberated BDI- anions exhibited an unprecedented dynamic cisoid-transoid exchange in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hellen Videa
- CIQSO - Centre for Research in Sustainable Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Huelva, Campus El Carmen, Huelva ES-21007, Spain.
| | - Antonio J Martínez-Martínez
- CIQSO - Centre for Research in Sustainable Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Huelva, Campus El Carmen, Huelva ES-21007, Spain.
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10
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Leitner D, Wittwer B, Neururer FR, Seidl M, Wurst K, Tambornino F, Hohloch S. Expanding the Utility of β-Diketiminate Ligands in Heavy Group VI Chemistry of Molybdenum and Tungsten. Organometallics 2023; 42:1411-1424. [PMID: 37388273 PMCID: PMC10302891 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.3c00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of 17 molybdenum and tungsten complexes supported by the ubiquitous BDI ligand framework (BDI = β-diketiminate). The focal entry point is the synthesis of four molybdenum and tungsten(V) BDI complexes of the general formula [MO(BDIR)Cl2] [M = Mo, R = Dipp (1); M = W, R = Dipp (2); M = Mo, R = Mes (3); M = W, R = Mes (4)] synthesized by the reaction between MoOCl3(THF)2 or WOCl3(THF)2 and LiBDIR. Reactivity studies show that the BDIDipp complexes are excellent precursors toward adduct formation, reacting smoothly with dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) and triethylphosphine oxide (OPEt3). No reaction with small phosphines has been observed, strongly contrasting the chemistry of previously reported rhenium(V) complexes. Additionally, the complexes 1 and 2 are good precursors for salt metathesis reactions. While 1 can be chemically reduced to the first stable example of a Mo(IV) BDI complex 15, reduction of 2 resulted in degradation of the BDI ligand via a nitrene transfer reaction, leading to MAD (4-((2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imino)pent-2-enide) supported tungsten(V) and tungsten(VI) complexes 16 and 17. All reported complexes have been thoroughly studied by VT-NMR and (heteronuclear) NMR spectroscopy, as well as UV-vis and EPR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Leitner
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute for General, Inorganic and Theoretical
Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80−82, Innsbruck 6020 Austria
| | - Benjamin Wittwer
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute for General, Inorganic and Theoretical
Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80−82, Innsbruck 6020 Austria
| | - Florian R. Neururer
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute for General, Inorganic and Theoretical
Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80−82, Innsbruck 6020 Austria
| | - Michael Seidl
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute for General, Inorganic and Theoretical
Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80−82, Innsbruck 6020 Austria
| | - Klaus Wurst
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute for General, Inorganic and Theoretical
Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80−82, Innsbruck 6020 Austria
| | - Frank Tambornino
- Fachbereich
Chemie and Wissenschaftlichen Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften
(WZMW), Phillips-University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Hohloch
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute for General, Inorganic and Theoretical
Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80−82, Innsbruck 6020 Austria
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11
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Dissanayake D, Forsyth C, Vidović D. Synthesis, characterisation and reactivity studies of chiral β-diketiminate-like supported aluminium Lewis acid complexes towards difficult Diels Alder cycloadditions. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:4063-4076. [PMID: 36880570 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00206c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis and characterisation of several chiral, oxazoline containing β-diketiminate type ligand supported-aluminium compounds are reported. Together with 1 equiv. of Na(BArCl4) (ArCl = 3,5-Cl2-C6H3), these chiral Lewis acid complexes, which possess an "achiral end" and "chiral end" have been successfully utilised as catalysts in asymmetric Diels-Alder reactions of 1,3-cyclohexadiene and several different chalcones. Systematic increase in the steric demand of the ligand's "achiral end" of these complexes resulted in enhanced enantioinduction for the cyclisation of 1,3-cyclohexadiene and chalcone. Further structural modifications of the "chiral end" clearly established that having a tert-butyl group connected to the stereogenic centre of the oxazoline fragment yielded the highest enantioselectivity value for the examined cyclisation. A substrate scope was then expanded using several different dienophiles (i.e. chalcones) generating an enantiomeric excess range of 24-68%.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Craig Forsyth
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Wellington Rd, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Dragoslav Vidović
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Wellington Rd, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia.
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12
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Tada K, Ikegaki C, Fuse Y, Tateishi K, Sogawa H, Sanda F. Optically active polyaromatic Schiff base adopting stable secondary structures. POLYMER 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2023.125703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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13
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Dannenberg SG, Seth DM, Finfer EJ, Waterman R. Divergent Mechanistic Pathways for Copper(I) Hydrophosphination Catalysis: Understanding That Allows for Diastereoselective Hydrophosphination of a Tri-substituted Styrene. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c05221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven G. Dannenberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405-0125, United States
| | - Dennis M. Seth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405-0125, United States
| | - Emma J. Finfer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405-0125, United States
| | - Rory Waterman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405-0125, United States
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14
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Zovko C, Krätschmer F, Schmidt S, Seifert TP, Gamer MT, Roesky PW. A Phosphine-ß-diketiminate Nickel(I)-Complex for Small Molecule Activation. Chempluschem 2022; 87:e202200288. [PMID: 36514880 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202200288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A bis(diphenyl)-phosphine functionalized ß-diketimine ligand (PNac-H) was applied for the synthesis of a subvalent Ni(I) complex [PNac-Ni]. Here, the Ni(I) center is stabilized by a tetradentate PNNP-type pocket, forming a square planar coordination sphere. Subsequently, the Ni(I) complex was investigated with regard to its reactivity and the activation of small molecules. The reductive potential of Ni(I) enabled an activation of different substrate classes, such as CH2 X2 (X=Br, I), I2 or Ph2 E2 (E=S, Se). The ligand's design allows a stabilization of the reactive Ni(I) species while at the same time enabling activation processes due to a hemilabile coordination behavior and accessible axial coordination sites. The activation products have been characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction, NMR and IR spectroscopy as well as elemental analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Zovko
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Frederic Krätschmer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Sarah Schmidt
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Tim P Seifert
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Michael T Gamer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Peter W Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
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15
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Jameei Moghaddam N, Gil-Sepulcre M, Wang JW, Benet-Buchholz J, Gimbert-Suriñach C, Llobet A. Interplay between β-Diimino and β-Diketiminato Ligands in Nickel Complexes Active in the Proton Reduction Reaction. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:16639-16649. [PMID: 36196853 PMCID: PMC9597662 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Two Ni complexes are reported with κ4-P2N2 β-diimino (BDI) ligands with the general formula [Ni(XBDI)](BF4)2, where BDI is N-(2-(diphenylphosphaneyl)ethyl)-4-((2-(diphenylphosphaneyl)ethyl)imino)pent-2-en-2-amine and X indicates the substituent in the α-carbon intradiimine position, X = H for 1(BF4)2 and X = Ph for 2(BF4)2. Electrochemical analysis together with UV-vis and NMR spectroscopy in acetonitrile and dimethylformamide (DMF) indicates the conversion of the β-diimino complexes 12+ and 22+ to the negatively charged β-diketiminato (BDK) analogues (1-H)+ and (2-H)+ via deprotonation in DMF. Moreover, further electrochemical and spectroscopy evidence indicates that the one-electron-reduced derivatives 1+ and 2+ can also rapidly evolve to the BDK (1-H)+ and (2-H)+, respectively, via hydrogen gas evolution through a bimolecular homolytic pathway. Finally, both complexes are demonstrated to be active for the proton reduction reaction in DMF at Eapp = -1.8 V vs Fc+/0, being the active species the one-electron-reduced derivative 1-H and 2-H.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid Jameei Moghaddam
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Avda. Països Catalans 16, 43007Tarragona, Spain.,Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007Tarragona, Spain
| | - Marcos Gil-Sepulcre
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Avda. Països Catalans 16, 43007Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jia-Wei Wang
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Avda. Països Catalans 16, 43007Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jordi Benet-Buchholz
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Avda. Països Catalans 16, 43007Tarragona, Spain
| | - Carolina Gimbert-Suriñach
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Avda. Països Catalans 16, 43007Tarragona, Spain.,Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Llobet
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Avda. Països Catalans 16, 43007Tarragona, Spain.,Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Glöckler E, Ghosh S, Schulz S. β-Diketiminate and β-Ketoiminate Metal Catalysts for Ring-Opening Polymerization of Cyclic Esters. POLYM REV 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2022.2121837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Glöckler
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Swarup Ghosh
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
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17
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Mulvey RE, Lynch JR, Kennedy AR, Barker J, Reid J. Crystallographic Characterisation of Organolithium and Organomagnesium Intermediates in Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones. Helv Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.202200082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert E. Mulvey
- University of Strathclyde Pure and Applied Chemistry 295 Cathedral Street G1 1XL Glasgow UNITED KINGDOM
| | | | - Alan R. Kennedy
- University of Strathclyde Pure and Applied Chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Jim Barker
- Innospec Ltd Research and Technology UNITED KINGDOM
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18
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Hanft A, Rottschäfer D, Müller V, Weinberger P, Radacki K, Xie X, Lichtenberg C. Sulfinyl-aminotroponiminates: alkali- (Li, Na, K) and heavy-metal (Bi) complexes. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:10809-10817. [PMID: 35818977 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01802k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The installation of electron-withdrawing functional groups at the carbocyclic backbone of aminotroponiminate (ATI) ligands is a versatile method for influencing the electronic properties of the resulting ATI complexes. We report here Li, Na, and K salts of an ATI ligand with a phenylsulfinyl substituent in the backbone. It is demonstrated that the sulfinyl group actively contributes to the coordination chemistry of these complexes, effectively competing with neutral donor ligands such as thf or pyridine in the solid state (XRD), in solution (DOSY NMR spectroscopy), and in the gas phase (DFT). The impact of the phenylsulfinyl group on the redox properties of the complexes have been investigated and access to sodium sodiate species through ligand-induced disproportionation has been studied. Transfer of the ATI ligand to the heavy p-block element bismuth has been demonstrated. Analytical techniques applied in this work include multinuclear and DOSY NMR spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, DFT calculations, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hanft
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-98074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Dennis Rottschäfer
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 4, D-35032 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Victoria Müller
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-98074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Pascal Weinberger
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-98074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Krzysztof Radacki
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-98074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Xiulan Xie
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 4, D-35032 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Crispin Lichtenberg
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 4, D-35032 Marburg, Germany.
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19
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Feng H, Yang D, Mei T, Zhang Y, Wang B, Qu J. Synthesis and Structure of Thiolate‐Bridged Diiron and Dicobalt Complexes Supported by Modified β‐Diketiminate Ligand. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202200290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huajin Feng
- Dalian University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals CHINA
| | - Dawei Yang
- Dalian University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals 2# Linggong Road 116024 Dalian CHINA
| | - Tao Mei
- Dalian University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals CHINA
| | - Yahui Zhang
- Dalian University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals CHINA
| | - Baomin Wang
- Dalian University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals CHINA
| | - Jingping Qu
- Dalian University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals CHINA
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20
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Belli RG, Yang J, Bahena EN, McDonald R, Rosenberg L. Mechanism and Catalyst Design in Ru-Catalyzed Alkene Hydrophosphination. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c05636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roman G. Belli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700, STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700, STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Erick Nuñez Bahena
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700, STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Robert McDonald
- X-ray Crystallography Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Lisa Rosenberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700, STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 2Y2, Canada
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21
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Weller R, Müller I, Werncke CG. Catalytic 1,3‐H Atom Shift of a Terminal Benzylic Alkyne by Iron and Alkali Metal Silylamides – Switching between Allene and Internal Alkyne. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Weller
- Department of Chemistry Philipps-University Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 D-35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Igor Müller
- Department of Chemistry Philipps-University Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 D-35032 Marburg Germany
| | - C. Gunnar Werncke
- Department of Chemistry Philipps-University Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 D-35032 Marburg Germany
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22
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Hammarback LA, Bishop AL, Jordan C, Athavan G, Eastwood JB, Burden TJ, Bray JTW, Clarke F, Robinson A, Krieger JP, Whitwood A, Clark IP, Towrie M, Lynam JM, Fairlamb IJS. Manganese-Mediated C–H Bond Activation of Fluorinated Aromatics and the ortho-Fluorine Effect: Kinetic Analysis by In Situ Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis and Time-Resolved Methods. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c05477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Amy L. Bishop
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Christina Jordan
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Gayathri Athavan
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | | | - Thomas J. Burden
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Joshua T. W. Bray
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Francis Clarke
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Alan Robinson
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Schaffhauserstrasse, Basel 4332, Switzerland
| | | | - Adrian Whitwood
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Ian P. Clark
- Central Laser Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Towrie
- Central Laser Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Jason M. Lynam
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Ian J. S. Fairlamb
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
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23
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Li Y, Pan H, Lu Y, Luo Y, Dang Y, Wang Y, Xia S, Li Y, Xia Y. Lithium and magnesium complexes from the employment of pyridyl-pendanted unsymmetrical β-diketiminates: syntheses and utilization as catalysts for the hydroboration of carbonyl compounds. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:3616-3624. [DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03235f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The push for environmentally benign and sustainable chemical processes has reinforced the demand to displace transition metals with cheap, nontoxic and naturally abundant metals. To fulfil this requirement, we endeavored...
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24
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Singh K, Siddiqui I, Sridharan V, Kumar Yadav RA, Jou JH, Adhikari D. Aggregation-Induced Enhanced Emission-Active Zinc(II) β-Diketiminate Complexes Enabling High-Performance Solution-Processable OLEDs. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:19128-19135. [PMID: 34865472 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Earth-abundant and cheaper zinc-based organometallic molecules as luminophores are drawing significant research attention for solid-state lighting devices. In this paper, we report two air-stable zinc complexes, where the zinc is coordinated to two sterically encumbered β-diketiminate ligands in a tetrahedral geometry. In such a geometry, eight phenyl/aryl rings from the ligand backbones are oriented in a propeller shape, augmenting the restricted rotation of the putative rings. Such an architecture harnesses aggregation-induced emission behavior with an excellent solid-state emission property. The rigidity of these molecules reduces the possibility of non-radiative transitions and makes them excellent fluorescence emitters. Both molecules exhibit electroluminescence (EL) in the yellowish-green region of the visible spectrum. We have utilized these molecules as emitters to fabricate multilayered organic light-emitting diode (OLED) devices. The emitter Zn-I in host m-MTDATA exhibits EL with a maximum external quantum efficiency of 4.4%. Among the handful of zinc-based OLEDs, the performance of this emitter is very commendable with power and current efficacies of 15.2 lm W-1 and 12.1 cd A-1, respectively, along with a brightness of 2426 cd m-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirti Singh
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, SAS Nagar 140306, India
| | - Iram Siddiqui
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Vidhyalakshmi Sridharan
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, SAS Nagar 140306, India
| | - Rohit Ashok Kumar Yadav
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jwo-Huei Jou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Debashis Adhikari
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, SAS Nagar 140306, India
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25
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Afonin MY, Sedelnikova AY, Konokhova AY, Sukhikh TS, Konchenko SN. STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION OF [(nacnac)MnCl]2 (nacnac = HC(C(Me)N(2.6-i-Pr2C6H3))2) PRODUCTS REDUCED BY POTASSIUM-INTERCALATED GRAPHITE IN TOLUENE AND BENZENE. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476621100139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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26
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Roy MMD, Omaña AA, Wilson ASS, Hill MS, Aldridge S, Rivard E. Molecular Main Group Metal Hydrides. Chem Rev 2021; 121:12784-12965. [PMID: 34450005 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
This review serves to document advances in the synthesis, versatile bonding, and reactivity of molecular main group metal hydrides within Groups 1, 2, and 12-16. Particular attention will be given to the emerging use of said hydrides in the rapidly expanding field of Main Group element-mediated catalysis. While this review is comprehensive in nature, focus will be given to research appearing in the open literature since 2001.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew M D Roy
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, United Kingdom
| | - Alvaro A Omaña
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Andrew S S Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Avon BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Michael S Hill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Avon BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Aldridge
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, United Kingdom
| | - Eric Rivard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
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27
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Hanft A, Rottschäfer D, Wieprecht N, Geist F, Radacki K, Lichtenberg C. Aminotroponiminates: Impact of the NO 2 Functional Group on Coordination, Isomerisation, and Backbone Substitution. Chemistry 2021; 27:14250-14262. [PMID: 34314083 PMCID: PMC8597084 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Aminotroponiminate (ATI) ligands are a versatile class of redox-active and potentially cooperative ligands with a rich coordination chemistry that have consequently found a wide range of applications in synthesis and catalysis. While backbone substitution of these ligands has been investigated in some detail, the impact of electron-withdrawing groups on the coordination chemistry and reactivity of ATIs has been little investigated. We report here Li, Na, and K salts of an ATI ligand with a nitro-substituent in the backbone. It is demonstrated that the NO2 group actively contributes to the coordination chemistry of these complexes, effectively competing with the N,N-binding pocket as a coordination site. This results in an unprecedented E/Z isomerisation of an ATI imino group and culminates in the isolation of the first "naked" (i. e., without directional bonding to a metal atom) ATI anion. Reactions of sodium ATIs with silver(I) and tritylium salts gave the first N,N-coordinated silver ATI complexes and unprecedented backbone substitution reactions. Analytical techniques applied in this work include multinuclear (VT-)NMR spectroscopy, single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, and DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hanft
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Dennis Rottschäfer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nele Wieprecht
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Felix Geist
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Krzysztof Radacki
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Crispin Lichtenberg
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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28
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Tang CK, Li YZ, Ma F, Cao Z, Mo Y. Anti-Electrostatic Main Group Metal-Metal Bonds That Activate CO 2. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:7545-7552. [PMID: 34347488 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
There has been growing interest in the CO2 capture and reduction by transition-metal-free catalysts. Here we performed a proof-of-concept study using an ab initio valence bond method called the block-localized wave function (BLW) method. The integrated BLW and density function theory (DFT) computations demonstrated that heterobimetallic Ae+/Al(I) (Ae represents alkaline earth metals Mg and Ca) Lewis acid/base combinations without transition metals can facilely capture and activate CO2. There are two remarkable findings in this study. The first concerns the ionic nature of the metal-metal bonds. The experimentally synthesized low valent aluminum compound with a bidentate β-diketiminate (BDI) ligand, or (BDI)Al(I) in brief, is a Lewis base due to the lone pair on the aluminum cation though overall Al(I) is positively charged. Al(I) can form ionic metal-metal bonds with the alkaline earth metals of the positively charged Lewis acids (BDI)Ae+. This type of ionic metal-metal bonds is counterintuitive and antielectrostatic as both metals carry positive charges. The second finding is the CO2 activation mechanism. (BDI)Al(I) can effectively bind and activate CO2 by transferring one electron to CO2, and the resulting complex can be best expressed as [(BDI)Al(I)]+[CO2]-. The participation of (BDI)Ae+ further enhances the capture and activation of CO2 by (BDI)Al(I).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Kai Tang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China
| | - Ya-Zhou Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China
| | - Fang Ma
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China
| | - Zexing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemistry Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yirong Mo
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27401, United States
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29
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Li B, Geoghegan BL, Wölper C, Cutsail GE, Schulz S. Redox Activity of Noninnocent 2,2'-Bipyridine in Zinc Complexes: An Experimental and Theoretical Study. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:18325-18332. [PMID: 34308063 PMCID: PMC8296587 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c02201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We report on a systematical reactivity study of β-diketiminate zinc complexes with redox-active 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy). The reaction of LZnI (L = HC[C(Me)N(2,6-iPr2C6H3)]2) with NaB(C6F5)4 in the presence of bpy yielded [LZn(bpy)][B(C6F5)4] (1), with bpy serving as a neutral ligand, whereas reduction reactions of LZnI with 1 or 2 equiv of KC8 in the presence of bpy gave the radical complex LZn(bpy) (2) and [2.2.2-Cryptand-K][LZn(bpy)] (3), in which bpy either acts as a π-radical anion or a diamagnetic dianion, respectively. The paramagnetic nature of 2 was confirmed via solution magnetic susceptibility measurements, and UV-vis spectroscopy shows that 2 exhibits absorption bands typical for bpy radical species. The EPR spectra of 2 and its deuterated analog 2-d 8 demonstrate that the spin density is localized to the bpy ligand. Density functional theoretical calculations and natural bond orbital analysis were employed to elucidate the electronic structure of complexes 1-3 and accurately reproduced the structural experimental data. It is shown that reduction of the bpy moiety results in a decrease in the β-diketiminate co-ligand bite angle and elongation of the Zn-N(β-diketiminate) bonds, which act cooperatively and in synergy with the bpy ligand by decreasing Zn-N(bpy) bond lengths to stabilize the energy of the LUMO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- Institute
for Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen
(CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5−7, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Blaise L. Geoghegan
- Institute
for Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen
(CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5−7, 45117 Essen, Germany
- Max
Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion (CEC), Stiftstraße 34−36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Institute
for Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen
(CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5−7, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - George E. Cutsail
- Institute
for Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen
(CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5−7, 45117 Essen, Germany
- Max
Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion (CEC), Stiftstraße 34−36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Institute
for Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen
(CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5−7, 45117 Essen, Germany
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30
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Kretsch J, Kreyenschmidt A, Schillmöller T, Lõkov M, Herbst‐Irmer R, Leito I, Stalke D. Bis(4-benzhydryl-benzoxazol-2-yl)methane - from a Bulky NacNac Alternative to a Trianion in Alkali Metal Complexes. Chemistry 2021; 27:9858-9865. [PMID: 34036637 PMCID: PMC8361911 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A novel sterically demanding bis(4-benzhydryl-benzoxazol-2-yl)methane ligand 6 (4-BzhH2 BoxCH2 ) was gained in a straightforward six-step synthesis. Starting from this ligand monomeric [M(4-BzhH2 BoxCH)] (M=Na (7), K (81 )) and dimeric [{M(4-BzhH2 BoxCH)}2 ] (M=K (82 ), Rb (9), Cs (10)) alkali metal complexes were synthesised by deprotonation. Abstraction of the potassium ion of 8 by reaction with 18-crown-6 resulted in the solvent separated ion pair [{(THF)2 K@(18-crown-6)}{bis(4-benzhydryl-benzoxazol-2-yl)methanide}] (11), including the energetically favoured monoanionic (E,E)-(4-BzhH2 BoxCH) ligand. Further reaction of 4-BzhH2 BoxCH2 with three equivalents KH and two equivalents 18-crown-6 yielded polymeric [{(THF)2 K@(18-crown-6)}{K@(18-crown-6)K(4-Bzh BoxCH)}]n (n→∞) (12) containing a trianionic ligand. The neutral ligand and herein reported alkali complexes were characterised by single X-ray analyses identifying the latter as a promising precursor for low-valent main group complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Kretsch
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 437077GöttingenGermany
| | | | - Timo Schillmöller
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 437077GöttingenGermany
| | - Märt Lõkov
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of TartuRavila 14a50411TartuEstonia
| | - Regine Herbst‐Irmer
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 437077GöttingenGermany
| | - Ivo Leito
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of TartuRavila 14a50411TartuEstonia
| | - Dietmar Stalke
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 437077GöttingenGermany
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31
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Marlier EE, Seong CM, Brunclik SA, Nevins MH, Nolan EL, Olson AK, Osnaya M, Reuter A, Swanson ME, Wood OG, Janzen DE. Synthesis and structures of a family of hybrid donor N2P2 beta-diketiminate zinc complexes. Polyhedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2021.115150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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32
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Peddarao T, Baishya A, Sarkar N, Acharya R, Nembenna S. Conjugated Bis‐Guanidines (CBGs) as
β
‐Diketimine Analogues: Synthesis, Characterization of CBGs/Their Lithium Salts and CBG Li Catalyzed Addition of B−H and TMSCN to Carbonyls. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thota Peddarao
- School of Chemical Sciences National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI) Bhubaneswar 752050 India
| | - Ashim Baishya
- School of Chemical Sciences National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI) Bhubaneswar 752050 India
| | - Nabin Sarkar
- School of Chemical Sciences National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI) Bhubaneswar 752050 India
| | - Rudresh Acharya
- School of Biological Sciences National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI) Bhubaneswar 752050 India
| | - Sharanappa Nembenna
- School of Chemical Sciences National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI) Bhubaneswar 752050 India
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34
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Ruthenium (II) β-diketimine as hydroamination catalyst, crystal structure and DFT computations. TRANSIT METAL CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11243-021-00456-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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35
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(β-Diketiminato)aluminum hydroxides and the chalcogenide derivatives: Precursors for homo- and heterometallic complexes with Al-E-M (E = chalcogen, M = metal) frameworks. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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36
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Noor A. Coordination Chemistry of Bulky Aminopryridinates with Main Group and Transition Metals. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2021; 379:6. [PMID: 33428048 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-020-00320-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The coordination chemistry of bidentate aminopyridinato ligands (ApH), in particular 2-aminopyridines, is a highly popular area of research. Due to easy accessibility and versatility, 2-aminopyridines have played a prominent role as alternatives to cyclopentadienyl ligands in coordination chemistry. Easily modifiable steric bulks and the ability for fine-tuning of electronic effects have allowed researchers to control not only the metal-to-ligand stoichiometry but also the properties of their metal complexes. Previously, ligand redistribution was frequently observed for ligands of small steric demands. Bulky aminopyridinato ligands refer to ligands that incorporate alkyl-substituted phenyl groups at the amine/amido nitrogen and at the sixth position of the pyridine ring. The steric crowding allowed the stabilization of transition metals in unusually low oxidation conditions. One of the remarkable developments, for example, is the stabilization of metal-metal quintuple bonds by these ligands, thus providing a diamagnetic platform to study such systems chemically. Application of metal aminopyridinates in homogeneous catalysis has also broadened considerably in recent years. This review provides a comprehensive account of advances made with such ligands since their development for main group and transition elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awal Noor
- Department of Basic Sciences, Preparatory Year Deanship, King Faisal University, Al-Hassa, 31982, Saudi Arabia.
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37
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Trofymchuk OS, Ortega DE, Cortés-Arriagada D, Pereira A, Daniliuc CG, Klitzke CF, Santos LS, Rojas RS. Neutral and cationic methallyl nickel complexes in alkene activation: a combined DFT, ESI-MS and chemometric approach. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy01595h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report a comparative study of ethylene activation and 1-hexene isomerization carried out with isomeric neutral and cationic methallyl nickel complexes L1Ni(η3-C3H5) and [L1Ni(η3-C3H5)][B(ArF)4] in the presence of borane co-catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandra S. Trofymchuk
- Departamento de Quıímica Orgánica y Fisicoquıímica, Facultad de Ciencias Quıímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Sergio Livingstone 1007, Casilla 233, 8380492 Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela E. Ortega
- Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago 8370854, Chile
| | - Diego Cortés-Arriagada
- Programa Institucional de Fomento a la Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Ignacio Valdivieso 2409, San Joaquín, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alfredo Pereira
- Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | | | | | - Leonardo S. Santos
- Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Rene S. Rojas
- Laboratorio de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306, Santiago-22, Chile
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38
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Rana S, Biswas JP, Paul S, Paik A, Maiti D. Organic synthesis with the most abundant transition metal–iron: from rust to multitasking catalysts. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:243-472. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00688b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The promising aspects of iron in synthetic chemistry are being explored for three-four decades as a green and eco-friendly alternative to late transition metals. This present review unveils these rich iron-chemistry towards different transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujoy Rana
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Bengal
- Darjeeling
- India
| | | | - Sabarni Paul
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Bengal
- Darjeeling
- India
| | - Aniruddha Paik
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Bengal
- Darjeeling
- India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry
- IIT Bombay
- Mumbai-400076
- India
- Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative (WRHI)
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39
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de Vries F, Travieso-Puente R, Roewen P, Otten E. Three-Coordinate Zinc Methyl Complexes with Sterically Demanding Formazanate Ligands. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Folkert de Vries
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Raquel Travieso-Puente
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Roewen
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin Otten
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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40
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Chatterjee B, Chang W, Werlé C. Molecularly Controlled Catalysis – Targeting Synergies Between Local and Non‐local Environments. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202001431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Basujit Chatterjee
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstr. 34–36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
- Ruhr University Bochum Universitätsstr. 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Wei‐Chieh Chang
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstr. 34–36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
- Ruhr University Bochum Universitätsstr. 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Christophe Werlé
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstr. 34–36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
- Ruhr University Bochum Universitätsstr. 150 44801 Bochum Germany
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41
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Huang YC, Chen HY, Chang YL, Vasanthakumar P, Chen SY, Kao CL, Wu CHY, Hsu SC. Synthesis of triisocyanomesitylene β‑diketiminato copper(I) complexes and evaluation of isocyanide π-back bonding. Polyhedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2020.114828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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42
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Huse K, Li B, Ghosh S, Wölper C, Schulz S. Synthesis of Homo‐ and Heteroleptic Al, Ga and Zn Complexes Containing (Per)fluorinated
β
‐Diketiminate Ligands. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202000305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Huse
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry University of Duisburg‐Essen Universitätsstraße 5–7 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Bin Li
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry University of Duisburg‐Essen Universitätsstraße 5–7 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Swarup Ghosh
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry University of Duisburg‐Essen Universitätsstraße 5–7 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry University of Duisburg‐Essen Universitätsstraße 5–7 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg‐Essen (Cenide) University of Duisburg‐Essen Universitätsstraße 5–7 45117 Essen Germany
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43
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Eaton MC, Knight BJ, Brahmi R, Ferreira RB, Catalano VJ, Rheingold AL, Ghiviriga I, Murray LJ. Synthetic Factors Governing Access to Tris(β-diketimine) Cyclophanes versus Tripodal Tri-β-aminoenones. J Org Chem 2020; 85:13579-13588. [PMID: 33107735 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Tris(β-diketimine) cyclophanes are an important ligand class for investigating cooperative multimetallic interactions of bioinorganic clusters. Discussed herein are the synthetic factors governing access to tris(β-diketimine) cyclophanes versus tripodal tri-β-aminoenones. Cyclophanes bearing Me, Et, and MeO cap substituents and β-Me, Et, or Ph arm substituents are obtained, and a modified condensation method produced α-Me β-Me cyclophane. These operationally simple procedures produce the ligands in gram quantities and in 22-94% yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary C Eaton
- Center for Catalysis and Florida Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, 214 Leigh Hall, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Brian J Knight
- Center for Catalysis and Florida Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, 214 Leigh Hall, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Robin Brahmi
- Center for Catalysis and Florida Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, 214 Leigh Hall, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Ricardo B Ferreira
- Center for Catalysis and Florida Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, 214 Leigh Hall, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Vincent J Catalano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, United States
| | - Arnold L Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, California 92093, United States
| | - Ion Ghiviriga
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, 214 Leigh Hall, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Leslie J Murray
- Center for Catalysis and Florida Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, 214 Leigh Hall, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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44
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Oh C, Siewe J, Nguyen TT, Kawamura A, Flores M, Groy TL, Anderson JS, Trovitch RJ, Baik MH. The electronic structure of a β-diketiminate manganese hydride dimer. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:14463-14474. [PMID: 33034607 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02842h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The electronic structure of a dimeric manganese hydride catalyst supported by β-diketiminate ligands, [(2,6-iPr2PhBDI)Mn(μ-H)]2, was investigated with density functional theory. A triple bond between the manganese centres was anticipated from simple electron-counting rules; however, calculations revealed Mn-Mn Mayer bond orders of 0.21 and 0.27 for the ferromagnetically-coupled and antiferromagnetically-coupled extremes, respectively. In accordance with experimentally determined Heisenberg exchange coupling constants of -15 ± 0.1 cm-1 (SQUID) and -10.2 ± 0.7 cm-1 (EPR), the calculated J0 value of -10.9 cm-1 confirmed that the ground state involves antiferromagnetic coupling between high spin Mn(ii)-d5 centres. The effect of steric bulk on the bond order was examined via a model study with the least sterically-demanding version of the β-diketiminate ligand and was found to be negligible. Mixing between metal- and β-diketiminate-based orbitals was found to be responsible for the absence of a metal-metal multiple bond. The bridging hydrides give rise to a relatively close positioning of the metal centres, while bridging atoms possessing 2p orbitals result in longer Mn-Mn distances and more stable dimers. The synthesis and characterization of the bridging hydroxide variant, [(2,6-iPr2PhBDI)Mn(μ-OH)]2, provides experimental support for these assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjin Oh
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea. and Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Joëlle Siewe
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea and Department of Chemistry, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Thao T Nguyen
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Airi Kawamura
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Marco Flores
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Thomas L Groy
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - John S Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Ryan J Trovitch
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Mu-Hyun Baik
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea. and Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
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45
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Casey KC, Appiah JK, Robinson JR. Low-Symmetry β-Diketimine Aryloxide Rare-Earth Complexes: Flexible, Reactive, and Selective. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:14827-14837. [PMID: 32986427 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis, characterization, and reactivity of a new low-symmetry β-diketimine featuring a pendant amino(methyl)phenol donor and its corresponding heteroleptic rare-earth (RE) complexes. This includes the first structurally characterized examples of alcoholysis and insertion from an isolated REIII amide in a β-diketimine framework. The flexible methylene linkage leads to REIII complexes with tunable dynamic solution behavior that defines their stoichiometric and catalytic reactivity. The addition of a strong neutral donor ligand, tricyclohexylphosphine oxide, suppresses a prevalent catalyst degradation pathway (base-promoted elimination) and dramatically enhances the catalyst performance in the stereospecific ring-opening polymerization of rac-β-butyrolactone. Our results further demonstrate the importance of ligand reorganization in the stoichiometric and catalytic activity of REIII ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerry C Casey
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, 324 Brook Street, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Jude K Appiah
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, 324 Brook Street, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Jerome R Robinson
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, 324 Brook Street, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
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46
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Zovko C, Bestgen S, Schoo C, Görner A, Goicoechea JM, Roesky PW. A Phosphine Functionalized β-Diketimine Ligand for the Synthesis of Manifold Metal Complexes. Chemistry 2020; 26:13191-13202. [PMID: 32285968 PMCID: PMC7693294 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A bis(diphenyl)-phosphine functionalized β-diketimine (PNac-H) was synthesized as a flexible ligand for transition metal complexes. The newly designed ligand features symmetrically placed phosphine moieties around a β-diketimine unit, forming a PNNP-type pocket. Due to the hard and soft donor atoms (N vs. P) the ligand can stabilize various coordination polyhedra. A complete series ranging from coordination numbers 2 to 6 was realized. Linear, trigonal planar, square planar, tetrahedral, square pyramidal, and octahedral coordination arrangements containing the PNac-ligand around the metal center were observed by using suitable metal sources. Hereby, PNac-H or its anion PNac- acts as mono-, bi- and tetradendate ligand. Such a broad flexibility is unusual for a rigid tetradentate system. The structural motifs were realized by treatment of PNac-H with a series of late transition metal precursors, for example, silver, gold, nickel, copper, platinum, and rhodium. The new complexes have been fully characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction, NMR, IR, UV/Vis spectroscopy, mass spectrometry as well as elemental analysis. Additionally, selected complexes were investigated regarding their photophysical properties. Thus, PNac-H proved to be an ideal ligand platform for the selective coordination and stabilization of various metal ions in diverse polyhedra and oxidation states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Zovko
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstraβe 1576131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Sebastian Bestgen
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstraβe 1576131KarlsruheGermany
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research LaboratoryUniversity of Oxford12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Christoph Schoo
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstraβe 1576131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Anne Görner
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstraβe 1576131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Jose M. Goicoechea
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research LaboratoryUniversity of Oxford12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Peter W. Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstraβe 1576131KarlsruheGermany
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47
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Kaniewska K, Ponikiewski Ł, Szynkiewicz N, Cieślik B, Pikies J, Krzystek J, Dragulescu-Andrasi A, Stoian SA, Grubba R. Homoleptic mono-, di-, and tetra-iron complexes featuring phosphido ligands: a synthetic, structural, and spectroscopic study. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:10091-10103. [PMID: 32661526 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01503b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We report the first series of homoleptic phosphido iron complexes synthesized by treating either the β-diketiminato complex [(Dippnacnac)FeCl2Li(dme)2] (Dippnacnac = HC[(CMe)N(C6H3-2,6-iPr2)]2) or [FeBr2(thf)2] with an excess of phosphides R2PLi (R = tBu, tBuPh, Cy, iPr). Reaction outcomes depend strongly on the bulkiness of the phosphido ligands. The use of tBu2PLi precursor led to an anionic diiron complex 1 encompassing a planar Fe2P2 core with two bridging and two terminal phosphido ligands. An analogous reaction employing less sterically demanding phosphides, tBuPhPLi and Cy2PLi yielded diiron anionic complexes 2 and 3, respectively, featuring a short Fe-Fe interaction supported by three bridging phosphido groups and one additional terminal R2P- ligand at each iron center. Further tuning of the P-substrates bulkiness gave a neutral phosphido complex 4 possessing a tetrahedral Fe4 cluster core held together by six bridging iPr2P moieties. Moreover, we also describe the first homoleptic phosphanylphosphido iron complex 5, which features an iron center with low coordination provided by three tBu2P-P(SiMe3)- ligands. The structures of compounds 1-5 were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and 1-3 by 1H NMR spectroscopy. Moreover, the electronic structures of 1-3 were interrogated using zero-field Mössbauer spectroscopy and DFT methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Kaniewska
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, Gdańsk PL-80-233, Poland.
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Ziółkowska A, Szynkiewicz N, Pikies J, Ponikiewski Ł. Solvent Impact on the Diversity of Products in the Reaction of Lithium Diphenylphosphide and a Ti(III) Complex Supported by a tBu 2P-P(SiMe 3) Ligand. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:11305-11315. [PMID: 32799493 PMCID: PMC7458418 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We present two important trends in the reactivity of the titanium complex [MeNacNacTi(Cl){η2-P(SiMe3)-PtBu2}] (MeNacNac- = [Ar]NC(Me)CHC(Me)N[Ar]; Ar = 2,6-iPr2Ph) with nucleophilic reagents RLi (R = Ph2P, tBuO, (Me3Si)2N, and tBu2N) depending on the reaction medium. Reaction in nonpolar solvent (toluene) leads to three main products: via an autoredox process and nucleophilic substitution at the Ti-atom to afford the Ti(IV) complex [MeNacNacTi(R){η2-P-PtBu2}] (1 for R = PPh2), via the elimination of Me3SiR to afford Ti(III) complex [MeNacNacTi(Cl){η2-P-PtBu2}]-[Li(12-crown-4)2]+ (2), and via 2e- reduction process to afford new ionic complex [{ArNC(Me)CHC(Me)}Ti═NAr{η1-P(SiMe3)-PtBu2}]-[Li(12-crown-4)2]+ (3). Quite differently, the complex [MeNacNacTi(Cl){η2-P(SiMe3)-PtBu2}] reacts with Ph2PLi in THF, unexpectedly yielding two new, four-coordinate Ti(IV) imido complexes 4a [{ArNC(Me)═CHC(H)(Me)-P(PtBu2)}Ti═NAr(Cl)]-[Li(12-crown-4)2]+·(toluene)2 and 4b [{ArNC(CH2)CH═C(Me)-P(PtBu2)}Ti═NAr(Cl)]-[Li(12-crown-4)2]+·(Et2O). Complex 2 dissolved in THF converts to 4a and 4b. 1, 2, 3, 4a, and 4b were characterized by X-ray diffraction. 1, 4a, and 4b were also fully characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ziółkowska
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Gabriela Narutowicza Str., 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - N Szynkiewicz
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Gabriela Narutowicza Str., 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - J Pikies
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Gabriela Narutowicza Str., 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Ł Ponikiewski
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Gabriela Narutowicza Str., 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
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Bestgen S, Mehta M, Johnstone TC, Roesky PW, Goicoechea JM. A "Push-Pull" Stabilized Phosphinidene Supported by a Phosphine-Functionalized β-Diketiminato Ligand. Chemistry 2020; 26:9024-9031. [PMID: 32511823 PMCID: PMC7496897 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The use of a bis(diphenyl)phosphine functionalized β-diketiminato ligand, [HC{(CH3 )C}2 {(ortho-[P(C6 H5 )2 ]2 C6 H4 )N}2 ]- (PNac), as a support for germanium(II) and tin(II) chloride and phosphaketene compounds, is described. The conformational flexibility and hemilability of this unique ligand provide a versatile coordination environment that can accommodate the electronic needs of the ligated elements. For example, chloride abstraction from [(PNac)ECl] (E=Ge, Sn) affords the cationic germyliumylidene and stannyliumylidene species [(PNac)E]+ in which the pendant phosphine arms associate more strongly with the Lewis acidic main group element centers, providing further electronic stabilization. In a similar fashion, chemical decarbonylation of the germanium phosphaketene [(PNac)Ge(PCO)] with tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane affords a "push-pull" stabilized phosphinidene in which one of the phosphine groups of the ligand backbone associates with the low valent phosphinidene center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Bestgen
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research Laboratory12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Meera Mehta
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research Laboratory12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Timothy C. Johnstone
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of California Santa Cruz1156 High St., PSB 248Santa Cruz CA95064-1077USA
| | - Peter W. Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstraße 1576131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Jose M. Goicoechea
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research Laboratory12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
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50
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Huse K, Weinert H, Wölper C, Schulz S. Electronic effect of a perfluorinated β-diketiminate ligand on the bonding nature of copper carbonyl complexes. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:9773-9780. [PMID: 32618301 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01943g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two copper complexes 17Fnac2Cu(C6H6) (3) and 17Fnac2CuCO (4) containing the monoanionic, perfluorinated β-diketiminate 17Fnac2- ligand (1) (17Fnac2 = FC[C(CF3)N(C6F5)]2) were synthesized and characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopy (1H, 13C, 19F), cyclovaltammometry (CV), elemental analysis and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The perfluorinated 17Fnac2- ligand marginally reduces the π-back-bonding capacity of the copper centre to the carbonyl group in 4 when compared with the corresponding 16Fnac2- substituted complexes but substantially when compared with the fluorine free substituted derivatives. Quantum chemical calculations gave deeper insight into the bonding situation of this carbonyl complex, while CV studies were performed to determine the oxidation potential of 3 in solution. Based on these data, the influence of the degree of fluorination in different β-diketimine ligands on the electronic nature of the corresponding copper complexes is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Huse
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for NanoIntegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30, D-45117 Essen, Germany.
| | - Hanns Weinert
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for NanoIntegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30, D-45117 Essen, Germany.
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for NanoIntegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30, D-45117 Essen, Germany.
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for NanoIntegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30, D-45117 Essen, Germany.
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