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Mendrek B, Oleszko-Torbus N, Teper P, Kowalczuk A. Towards a modern generation of polymer surfaces: nano- and microlayers of star macromolecules and their design for applications in biology and medicine. Prog Polym Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2023.101657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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Poly(2-oxazoline)s as Stimuli-Responsive Materials for Biomedical Applications: Recent Developments of Polish Scientists. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14194176. [PMID: 36236124 PMCID: PMC9572872 DOI: 10.3390/polym14194176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(2-oxazoline)s are the synthetic polymers that are the products of the cationic ring-opening polymerization (CROP) of 2-oxazoline monomers. Due to their beneficial properties, from which biocompatibility, stealth behavior, high functionalization possibilities, low dispersity, stability, nonionic character, and solubility in water and organic solvents should be noted, they have found many applications and gained enormous interest from scientists. Additionally, with high versatility attainable through copolymerization or through post-polymerization modifications, this class of polymeric systems has been widely used as a polymeric platform for novel biomedical applications. The chemistry of polymers significant expanded into biomedical applications, in which polymeric networks can be successfully used in pharmaceutical development for tissue engineering, gene therapies, and also drug delivery systems. On the other hand, there is also a need to create ‘smart’ polymer biomaterials, responsive to the specified factor, that will be sensitive to various environmental stimuli. The commonly used stimuli-responsive biomedical materials are based mostly on temperature-, light-, magnetic-, electric-, and pH-responsive systems. Thus, creating selective and responsive materials that allow personalized treatment is in the interest of the scientific world. This review article focuses on recent discoveries by Polish scientists working in the field of stimuli-responsive poly(2-oxazoline)s, and their work is compared and contrasted with results reported by other world-renowned specialists.
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Teper P, Oleszko-Torbus N, Bochenek M, Hajduk B, Kubacki J, Jałowiecki Ł, Płaza G, Kowalczuk A, Mendrek B. Hybrid nanolayers of star polymers and silver nanoparticles with antibacterial activity. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 213:112404. [PMID: 35151043 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to obtain stable star polymer layers with incorporated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and to study the antimicrobial activity of these hybrid materials. In this work, a novel approach regarding the synthesis of AgNPs directly by the star polymer layer is presented. Nanolayers of poly(N,N'-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) and hydroxyl-bearing poly[oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate] (P(DMAEMA-co-OEGMA-OH)) stars, covalently bound with solid supports, were obtained through chemical reaction of hydroxyl groups in the star arms with substrate modified with imidazole derivative. Quantitative chemical composition analysis and tracking of the changes in the morphology and wettability after every step of surface modification confirmed the covalent attachment of stars with the support. In the next step, the polymer nanolayers were modified with AgNPs formed in situ using only amine groups of the star arms and followed by the crystal quartz microbalance (QCM). The analysis of the layer thickness and affinity to water, both with the shape, size and amount of silver incorporated into the layer, confirmed the efficacy of AgNPs formation. The amount of silver incorporated into layers was correlated with the molar masses of the grafted stars, and a possible location of AgNPs within layers was shown. The antibacterial activity tests of prepared nanolayers showed that obtained hybrid materials were highly effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria strains. This study shows that the obtained layers are promising as stable coatings for antibacterial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Teper
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Natalia Oleszko-Torbus
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Marcelina Bochenek
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Barbara Hajduk
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Jerzy Kubacki
- A. Chelkowski Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland; Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1 A, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Łukasz Jałowiecki
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, Kossutha 6, 40-844 Katowice, Poland
| | - Grażyna Płaza
- Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Organization & Management, Roosevelta 26, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kowalczuk
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Barbara Mendrek
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland.
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Stöbener DD, Weinhart M. On the foundation of thermal "Switching": The culture substrate governs the phase transition mechanism of thermoresponsive brushes and their performance in cell sheet fabrication. Acta Biomater 2021; 136:243-253. [PMID: 34530139 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Thermally "switchable" poly(glycidyl ether) (PGE) brushes constitute effective coatings for the temperature-triggered harvest of confluent cell sheets. Based on a simple "grafting-to" approach, such coatings can be tethered to various applied plastic culture substrate materials. Herein, we elucidate the self-assembly of PGE brushes with tunable grafting densities up to 0.12 and 0.22 chains nm-2 on polystyrene (PS) and tissue culture PS (TCPS), respectively. In terms of temperature-dependent wettability and protein adsorption, we found that brushes exhibit distinct grafting density-dependent properties which correlate with their cell sheet fabrication performance. In addition, temperature-ramped quartz-crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) measurements revealed marked substrate-specific PGE phase transitions which allowed us to deduce comprehensive switching mechanisms. Thus, we demonstrate that brushes tethered to hydrophilic TCPS (contact angle (CA) ∼ 60°) undergo a "cushioned" transition comprising a non-switchable, hydrated basal layer as well as a switchable top layer which regulates cell sheet detachment. In contrast, PGE brushes tethered to PS undergo a "grounded" transition which is substantially influenced by the dehydrating effect of the less hydrophilic PS substrate (CA ∼ 90°). These divergent phase transition mechanisms give rise to a broad scope in cell sheet fabrication performance, yielding staggered detachment times within a 30 min to 3 h range. Hence, we emphasize the importance of a detailed knowledge on the effect of applied culture substrates on the thermal switchability and phase transition characteristics of thermoresponsive brush coatings to accomplish an optimized design for functional cell culture dishes. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: As the first comparative study of its kind, we elucidate the substrate-dependent thermal switchability of thermoresponsive brush coatings and evaluate their grafting density-dependent phase transition mechanism and its effect on cell sheet fabrication performance.
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Oleszko-Torbus N, Mendrek B, Kowalczuk A, Wałach W, Trzebicka B, Utrata-Wesołek A. The Role of Polymer Structure in Formation of Various Nano- and Microstructural Materials: 30 Years of Research in the Laboratory of Nano- and Microstructural Materials at the Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials PAS. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2892. [PMID: 34502932 PMCID: PMC8434041 DOI: 10.3390/polym13172892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The review summarizes the research carried out in the Laboratory of Nano- and Microstructural Materials at the Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences (CMPW PAS). Studies carried out for many years under the guidance of Professor Andrzej Dworak led to the development and exploration of the mechanisms of oxirane and cyclic imine polymerization and controlled radical polymerization of methacrylate monomers. Based on that knowledge, within the last three decades, macromolecules with the desired composition, molar mass and topology were obtained and investigated. The ability to control the structure of the synthesized polymers turned out to be important, as it provided a way to tailor the physiochemical properties of the materials to their specific uses. Many linear polymers and copolymers as well as macromolecules with branched, star, dendritic and hyperbranched architectures were synthesized. Thanks to the applied controlled polymerization techniques, it was possible to obtain hydrophilic, hydrophobic, amphiphilic and stimulus-sensitive polymers. These tailor-made polymers with controlled properties were used for the construction of various types of materials, primarily on the micro- and nanoscales, with a wide range of possible applications, mainly in biomedicine. The diverse topology of polymers, and thus their properties, made it possible to obtain various types of polymeric nanostructures and use them as nanocarriers by encapsulation of biologically active substances. Additionally, polymer layers were obtained with features useful in medicine, particularly regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Barbara Trzebicka
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (N.O.-T.); (B.M.); (A.K.); (W.W.)
| | - Alicja Utrata-Wesołek
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (N.O.-T.); (B.M.); (A.K.); (W.W.)
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Flemming P, Münch AS, Fery A, Uhlmann P. Constrained thermoresponsive polymers - new insights into fundamentals and applications. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:2123-2163. [PMID: 34476018 PMCID: PMC8381851 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, numerous stimuli-responsive polymers have been developed and investigated regarding their switching properties. In particular, thermoresponsive polymers, which form a miscibility gap with the ambient solvent with a lower or upper critical demixing point depending on the temperature, have been intensively studied in solution. For the application of such polymers in novel sensors, drug delivery systems or as multifunctional coatings, they typically have to be transferred into specific arrangements, such as micelles, polymer films or grafted nanoparticles. However, it turns out that the thermodynamic concept for the phase transition of free polymer chains fails, when thermoresponsive polymers are assembled into such sterically confined architectures. Whereas many published studies focus on synthetic aspects as well as individual applications of thermoresponsive polymers, the underlying structure-property relationships governing the thermoresponse of sterically constrained assemblies, are still poorly understood. Furthermore, the clear majority of publications deals with polymers that exhibit a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) behavior, with PNIPAAM as their main representative. In contrast, for polymer arrangements with an upper critical solution temperature (UCST), there is only limited knowledge about preparation, application and precise physical understanding of the phase transition. This review article provides an overview about the current knowledge of thermoresponsive polymers with limited mobility focusing on UCST behavior and the possibilities for influencing their thermoresponsive switching characteristics. It comprises star polymers, micelles as well as polymer chains grafted to flat substrates and particulate inorganic surfaces. The elaboration of the physicochemical interplay between the architecture of the polymer assembly and the resulting thermoresponsive switching behavior will be in the foreground of this consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Flemming
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexander S Münch
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Fery
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Petra Uhlmann
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE 68588, Lincoln, USA
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Mendrek B, Fus-Kujawa A, Teper P, Botor M, Kubacki J, Sieroń AL, Kowalczuk A. Star polymer-based nanolayers with immobilized complexes of polycationic stars and DNA for deposition gene delivery and recovery of intact transfected cells. Int J Pharm 2020; 589:119823. [PMID: 32861771 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We designed a novel thermoresponsive system of nanolayers composed of star poly[oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate]s (S-POEGMA) covalently bonded to a solid support and covered with polyplexes of cationic star polymers and plasmid DNA (pDNA). S-POEGMA stars were attached to the solid support via a UV-mediated "grafting to" method. To the best of our knowledge, for the first time, the conformational changes of obtained star nanolayers, occurring with changes in temperature, were studied using a quartz crystal microbalance technique. Next, the polyplexes of star poly[N,N'-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate-ran-di(ethylene glycol) methacrylate] (S-P(DMAEMA-DEGMA)) with pDNA, exhibiting a phase transition temperature (TCP) in culture medium DMEM, were deposited on S-POEGMA layers when the temperature increased above the TCP of polyplex. The thermoresponsivity of the system was then the main mechanism for controlling the adhesion, proliferation, transfection and detachment of HT-1080 cells. The nanolayers promoted the effective cell culture and delivered nucleic acids into cells, with a transfection efficiency several times higher than that of the control. The detachment of the transfected cells was regulated only by the change of temperature. The studies demonstrated that we obtained a novel and effective system, based on a star polymer architecture, useful for gene delivery and tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Mendrek
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Fus-Kujawa
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Medykow 18 Street, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Paulina Teper
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Malwina Botor
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Medykow 18 Street, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Jerzy Kubacki
- A. Chelkowski Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland; Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland
| | - Aleksander L Sieroń
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Medykow 18 Street, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kowalczuk
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland.
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Stöbener DD, Weinhart M. Thermoresponsive Poly(glycidyl ether) Brush Coatings on Various Tissue Culture Substrates-How Block Copolymer Design and Substrate Material Govern Self-Assembly and Phase Transition. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1899. [PMID: 32846926 PMCID: PMC7563243 DOI: 10.3390/polym12091899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermoresponsive poly(glycidyl ether) brushes can be grafted to applied tissue culture substrates and used for the fabrication of primary human cell sheets. The self-assembly of such brushes is achieved via the directed physical adsorption and subsequent UV immobilization of block copolymers equipped with a short, photo-reactive benzophenone-based anchor block. Depending on the chemistry and hydrophobicity of the benzophenone anchor, we demonstrate that such block copolymers exhibit distinct thermoresponsive properties and aggregation behaviors in water. Independent on the block copolymer composition, we developed a versatile grafting-to process which allows the fabrication of poly(glycidyl ether) brushes on various tissue culture substrates from dilute aqueous-ethanolic solution. The viability of this process crucially depends on the chemistry and hydrophobicity of, both, benzophenone-based anchor block and substrate material. Utilizing these insights, we were able to manufacture thermoresponsive poly(glycidyl ether) brushes on moderately hydrophobic polystyrene and polycarbonate as well as on rather hydrophilic polyethylene terephthalate and tissue culture-treated polystyrene substrates. We further show that the temperature-dependent switchability of the brush coatings is not only dependent on the cloud point temperature of the block copolymers, but also markedly governed by the hydrophobicity of the surface-bound benzophenone anchor and the subjacent substrate material. Our findings demonstrate that the design of amphiphilic thermoresponsive block copolymers is crucial for their phase transition characteristics in solution and on surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel David Stöbener
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 3A, 30167 Hannover, Germany;
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marie Weinhart
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 3A, 30167 Hannover, Germany;
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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Sponchioni M, Manfredini N, Zanoni A, Scibona E, Morbidelli M, Moscatelli D. Readily Adsorbable Thermoresponsive Polymers for the Preparation of Smart Cell-Culturing Surfaces on Site. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:5337-5345. [PMID: 33455282 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy of several cell therapy products is directly impacted by trypsinization, which can diminish the engrafting capacity of transplanted cells by cleaving cell surface receptors. Thermoresponsive surfaces can alleviate this drawback, enabling temperature-driven and enzyme-free cell harvesting. However, the production of thermoresponsive surfaces relies on dedicated and complex equipment, often involving protocols dependent on high surface activation energies that prevent the development of scalable and universal platforms. In this work, we developed thermoresponsive copolymers incorporating styrene units that enable the copolymer adsorption on tissue culture polystyrene surfaces from an alcoholic solution in a short time, regardless of the vessel size and geometry, and without any particular equipment. In this way, the procedure can be performed with minimal effort by the end user on any surface. The thermoresponsive copolymers were synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization, providing high control over the polymer microstructure, a key parameter for tuning its cloud point and architecture. Block copolymers comprising a thermoresponsive segment and a polystyrene block exhibited optimal adhesion on conventional cell culture surfaces and permitted a more efficient temperature-mediated harvesting of adipose-derived stromal cells and Chinese hamster ovary cells compared to their statistical counterparts. To expand the application of this polymer deposition protocol to serum-free cell culture, we also considered the polymer modification with the tripeptide arginine-glycine-aspartic acid, known to promote the cell adhesion to synthetic substrates. The incorporation of this peptide enabled the collection in serum-free conditions of intact cell sheets from surfaces prepared shortly before their usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Sponchioni
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, via Mancinelli 7, 2013 Milano, Italy
| | - Nicolò Manfredini
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, via Mancinelli 7, 2013 Milano, Italy
| | - Arianna Zanoni
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, via Mancinelli 7, 2013 Milano, Italy
| | - Ernesto Scibona
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Massimo Morbidelli
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Davide Moscatelli
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, via Mancinelli 7, 2013 Milano, Italy
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Teper P, Chojniak-Gronek J, Hercog A, Oleszko-Torbus N, Płaza G, Kubacki J, Balin K, Kowalczuk A, Mendrek B. Nanolayers of Poly( N, N'-Dimethylaminoethyl Methacrylate) with a Star Topology and Their Antibacterial Activity. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E230. [PMID: 31963443 PMCID: PMC7023597 DOI: 10.3390/polym12010230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we focus on the synthesis and characterization of novel stable nanolayers made of star methacrylate polymers. The effect of nanolayer modification on its antibacterial properties was also studied. A covalent immobilization of star poly(N,N'-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) to benzophenone functionalized glass or silicon supports was carried out via a "grafting to" approach using UV irradiation. To date, star polymer UV immobilization has never been used for this purpose. The thickness of the resulting nanolayers increased from 30 to 120 nm with the molar mass of the immobilized stars. The successful bonding of star PDMAEMA to the supports was confirmed by surface sensitive quantitative spectroscopic methods. Next, amino groups in the polymer layer were quaternized with bromoethane, and the influence of this modification on the antibacterial properties of the obtained materials was analyzed using a selected reference strain of bacteria. The resulting star nanolayer surfaces exhibited higher antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 compared to that of the linear PDMAEMA analogues grafted onto a support. These promising results and the knowledge about the influence of the topology and modification of PDMAEMA layers on their properties may help in searching for new materials for antimicrobial applications in medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Teper
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (P.T.); (A.H.); (N.O.-T.); (A.K.)
| | - Joanna Chojniak-Gronek
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, Kossutha 6, 40-844 Katowice, Poland; (J.C.-G.); (G.P.)
| | - Anna Hercog
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (P.T.); (A.H.); (N.O.-T.); (A.K.)
| | - Natalia Oleszko-Torbus
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (P.T.); (A.H.); (N.O.-T.); (A.K.)
| | - Grażyna Płaza
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, Kossutha 6, 40-844 Katowice, Poland; (J.C.-G.); (G.P.)
| | - Jerzy Kubacki
- A. Chelkowski Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland; (J.K.); (K.B.)
- Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Balin
- A. Chelkowski Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland; (J.K.); (K.B.)
- Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kowalczuk
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (P.T.); (A.H.); (N.O.-T.); (A.K.)
| | - Barbara Mendrek
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (P.T.); (A.H.); (N.O.-T.); (A.K.)
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11
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Dong Y, Du P, Pei M, Liu P. Design, postpolymerization conjugation and self-assembly of a di-block copolymer-based prodrug for tumor intracellular acid-triggered DOX release. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:5640-5647. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb01511f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A novel di-block copolymer-based prodrug was designed by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) with a polyethylene glycol-based initiator (PEG-Br), postpolymerization aldehyde-modification, and doxorubicin (DOX) conjugation via an acid-labile imine bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuman Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- People's Republic of China
| | - Pengcheng Du
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- People's Republic of China
| | - Mingliang Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- People's Republic of China
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