1
|
Korotkov SM. Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress Is the General Reason for Apoptosis Induced by Different-Valence Heavy Metals in Cells and Mitochondria. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14459. [PMID: 37833908 PMCID: PMC10572412 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This review analyzes the causes and consequences of apoptosis resulting from oxidative stress that occurs in mitochondria and cells exposed to the toxic effects of different-valence heavy metals (Ag+, Tl+, Hg2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, Al3+, Ga3+, In3+, As3+, Sb3+, Cr6+, and U6+). The problems of the relationship between the integration of these toxic metals into molecular mechanisms with the subsequent development of pathophysiological processes and the appearance of diseases caused by the accumulation of these metals in the body are also addressed in this review. Such apoptosis is characterized by a reduction in cell viability, the activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9, the expression of pro-apoptotic genes (Bax and Bcl-2), and the activation of protein kinases (ERK, JNK, p53, and p38) by mitogens. Moreover, the oxidative stress manifests as the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening, mitochondrial swelling, an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and H2O2, lipid peroxidation, cytochrome c release, a decline in the inner mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨmito), a decrease in ATP synthesis, and reduced glutathione and oxygen consumption as well as cytoplasm and matrix calcium overload due to Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The apoptosis and respiratory dysfunction induced by these metals are discussed regarding their interaction with cellular and mitochondrial thiol groups and Fe2+ metabolism disturbance. Similarities and differences in the toxic effects of Tl+ from those of other heavy metals under review are discussed. Similarities may be due to the increase in the cytoplasmic calcium concentration induced by Tl+ and these metals. One difference discussed is the failure to decrease Tl+ toxicity through metallothionein-dependent mechanisms. Another difference could be the decrease in reduced glutathione in the matrix due to the reversible oxidation of Tl+ to Tl3+ near the centers of ROS generation in the respiratory chain. The latter may explain why thallium toxicity to humans turned out to be higher than the toxicity of mercury, lead, cadmium, copper, and zinc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey M Korotkov
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Thorez pr. 44, 194223 St. Petersburg, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li Y, Wang WX. Integrated transcriptomics and proteomics revealed the distinct toxicological effects of multi-metal contamination on oysters. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 284:117533. [PMID: 34261227 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Pearl River Estuary (PRE) is the largest estuary in southern China and under high metal stress. In the present study, we employed an integrated method of transcriptomics and proteomics to investigate the ecotoxicological effects of trace metals on the Hong Kong oyster Crassostrea hongkongensis. Three oyster populations with distinct spatial distributions of metals were sampled, including the Control (Station QA, the lowest metal levels), the High Cd (Station JZ, the highest Cd), and the High Zn-Cu-Cr-Ni (Station LFS, with the highest levels of zinc, copper, chromium, and nickel). Dominant metals in oysters were differentiated by principal component analysis (PCA), and theirgene and protein profiles were studied using RNA-seq and iTRAQ techniques. Of the 2250 proteins identified at both protein and RNA levels, 70 proteins exhibited differential expressions in response to metal stress in oysters from the two contaminated stations. There were 8 proteins altered at both stations, with the potential effects on mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum by Ag. The genotoxicity, including impaired DNA replication and transcription, was specifically observed in the High Cd oysters with the dominating influence of Cd. The structural components (cytoskeleton and chromosome-associated proteins) were impaired by the over-accumulated Cu, Zn, Cr, and Ni at Station LFS. However, enhanced tRNA biogenesis and exosome activity might help the oysters to alleviate the toxicities resulting from their exposure to these metals. Our study provided comprehensive information on the molecular changes in oysters at both protein and RNA levels in responding to multi-levels of trace metal stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Li
- Division of Life Science and Hong Kong Branch of the Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Wang
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Singh VP, Chawda N, Barkhade T, Mahapatra SK, Banerjee I. Ex vivo interaction study of NaYF 4 :Yb,Er nanophosphors with isolated mitochondria. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2021; 69:920-929. [PMID: 33830536 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ex vivo interaction of NaYF4 :Yb,Er nanophosphors with isolated mitochondria has been investigated. The nanophosphors were synthesized using the hydrothermal method. The synthesized NaYF4 :Yb,Er nanophosphors were characterized for physicochemical properties. The NaYF4 :Yb,Er nanophosphors showed successful upconversion with excitation wavelength lying in the near-infrared region. The effect of synthesized NaYF4 :Yb,Er nanophosphors on mitochondria isolated from the chicken heart tissue was examined through ROS generation capacity, membrane fluidity, and complex II activity. The exposer of NaYF4 :Yb,Er nanophosphors to isolated mitochondria inhibits ROS generation activity as compared to control. The mitochondria membrane fluidity of the lipid bilayer and complex-II activity of mitochondria was observed to be unaltered after the interaction with NaYF4 :Yb,Er nanoparticles. The results confirm that synthesized NaYF4 :Yb,Er nanoparticles can be used as a safe contrast agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Varun Pratap Singh
- School of Nanosciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Nitya Chawda
- School of Nanosciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Tejal Barkhade
- School of Nanosciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, India
| | | | - Indrani Banerjee
- School of Nanosciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jing M, Tang R, Han G, Zhang S, Liu R. Exploring the influence of silver and lead on structure and function of xylanase: spectroscopic and calorimetric methods. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2020; 9:182-190. [PMID: 32850115 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfaa013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil contamination with heavy metal could induce the alteration of soil ecological environments, and soil enzyme activities are sensitive indicators for the soil toxicology. Xylanase is one of predominant soil enzymes related to carbon nitrogen cycle. In this work, we explored the underlying mechanisms for conformational and enzymatic activity alterations of xylanase after silver and lead exposure at molecular level with systematical measurements including multiple spectroscopic methods, isothermal titration calorimetry, and enzymatic activity. Both silver and lead could loosen and unfold the skeleton of xylanase with the quenching of endogenous fluorescence. Silver interacted with xylanase forming larger-size aggregations through Van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonding, while lead interacted with xylanase forming larger-size aggregations through hydrophobic force. Silver and lead induced an obvious loss (67.1 and 56.31%) of the xylanase enzymatic activity, but silver has a greater impact on xylanase than that of lead. The xylanase enzymatic activity significantly decreased due to the conformational alterations. The negative effect of silver exposure on xylanase structure and function was more prominent than that of lead.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Jing
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, America CRC for Environment & Health, 72# Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, P.R. China.,Penglai Jiaxin Dye Chemical Co., Ltd, 1#Jiaxin Road, Yantai, Shandong 265601, P.R. China
| | - Rui Tang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, America CRC for Environment & Health, 72# Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, P.R. China
| | - Guangye Han
- Shandong Academy of Environmental Sciences Co., Ltd, Lixia, 50# Lishan Road, Jinan, Shandong 250100, P.R. China
| | - Shansheng Zhang
- Penglai Jiaxin Dye Chemical Co., Ltd, 1#Jiaxin Road, Yantai, Shandong 265601, P.R. China
| | - Rutao Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, America CRC for Environment & Health, 72# Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fu WR, Chen JL, Li XY, Dong JX, Liu Y. Bidirectional Regulatory Mechanisms of Jaceosidin on Mitochondria Function: Protective Effects of the Permeability Transition and Damage of Membrane Functions. J Membr Biol 2019; 253:25-35. [PMID: 31712855 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-019-00102-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Many natural products could induce apoptosis through mitochondrial pathways. However, direct interactions between natural products and mitochondria have rarely been reported. In this work, the effects and regulatory mechanisms of Jaceosidin on the isolated rat liver mitochondria have been studied. The results of the experiments which by introducing exogenous Ca2+ illustrated that Jaceosidin has the protective effects on the structure and function of the isolated mitochondria. These protective effects were related to the chelation of Ca2+ with Jaceosidin. Besides, Jaceosidin could scavenge reactive oxygen species produced during electron transport, and weaken the mitochondrial lipid peroxidation rate, which may be attributed to the antioxidant effect of phenolic hydroxyl groups of Jaceosidin. In addition, Jaceosidin has some damage effects on mitochondrial function, such as the inhibition of mitochondrial respiration and the increase of mitochondrial membrane fluidity. These results of this work provided comprehensive information to clarify the mechanisms of Jaceosidin on mitochondria, which may be the bidirectional regulatory mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Rong Fu
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Lei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Xin Dong
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials of Hubei Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, People's Republic of China. .,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530001, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Barkhade T, Mahapatra SK, Banerjee I. Study of mitochondrial swelling, membrane fluidity and ROS production induced by nano-TiO 2 and prevented by Fe incorporation. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2019; 8:711-722. [PMID: 31588348 PMCID: PMC6764469 DOI: 10.1039/c9tx00143c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential impact of TiO2 and Fe incorporated TiO2 nanoparticles at the organelle level has been reported. The toxicity of the samples on mitochondria isolated from chicken liver tissue has been examined through mitochondrial swelling, membrane fluidity, ROS generation capacity, and activity of complex II. The toxic effect of TiO2 was prevented by incorporating Fe into the TiO2 matrix at different concentrations. The activity of the succinate dehydrogenase enzyme complex was affected and permeabilization of the mitochondrial inner membrane to H+ and K+ and its alteration in membrane fluidity at 100 μg mL-1 of nano-TiO2 dosage were investigated, which showed significant changes in the anisotropy of DPH-labeled mitochondria. Fe incorporation into the TiO2 matrix makes it more biocompatible by changing its structure and morphology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tejal Barkhade
- School of Nanosciences , Central University of Gujarat , Gandhinagar-382030 , Gujarat , India .
| | - Santosh Kumar Mahapatra
- Department of Physical Sciences , Central University of Punjab , Bathinda-151001 , Punjab , India
| | - Indrani Banerjee
- School of Nanosciences , Central University of Gujarat , Gandhinagar-382030 , Gujarat , India .
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Effect of TiO 2 and Fe doped TiO 2 nanoparticles on mitochondrial membrane potential in HBL-100 cells. Biointerphases 2019; 14:041003. [PMID: 31390867 DOI: 10.1116/1.5097643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) have made unbelievable progress in the field of nanotechnology and biomedical research. The proper toxicological assessment of TiO2 NPs and the reduction of its cytotoxicity need to be addressed. Fe doping in TiO2 has been investigated to reduce the toxic effects of TiO2 NPs. Fe doped TiO2 powder samples were synthesized by sol-gel methods. The prepared samples were characterized by x-ray diffractometer (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and Raman spectroscopy to study their structure, morphology, and molecular conformation. XRD results revealed the coexistence of anatase (A) and rutile (R) phases of TiO2. The A-R transformation was observed with an increase in Fe doping along with the formation of α-Fe2O3 phase. TEM showed changes in morphology from spherical nanoparticles to elongated rod-shaped nanostructures with increasing Fe content. Shape variation of TiO2 nanoparticles after incorporation of Fe is a key reason behind the toxicity reduction. The authors observed that the toxicity of TiO2 nanoparticles was rescued upon Fe incorporation. The effect of NPs on the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was assessed using flow cytometry. The MMP (%) decreased in TiO2 treated cells and increased by 1% Fe doped TiO2 NPs treated cells. Confocal imaging revealed the presence of functional mitochondria upon the exposure of Fe doped TiO2 NPs. The goal of the present study was to decrease the toxic effects induced by TiO2 NPs on mitochondrial potential and its prevention by Fe doping.
Collapse
|
8
|
Xia C, Li W, Fu B, Qin C. Microcalorimetric and microscopic studies of the effect of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt on mitochondria. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 126:828-833. [PMID: 30610942 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan quaternary ammonium salt (HACC) has been regarded as an effective biomedical carrier with good application because of its good water-solubility, high cationic potential and strong cell adhesion. Mitochondria are important organelle involved in ATP production and are the center of energy metabolism. In this work, we firstly investigated the effect of HACC on the thermogenic curve of isolated mitochondrial metabolism by microcalorimetry. The results showed that different concentration of HACC had great influence on the mitochondrial energy metabolism. Specifically, low level of HACC stimulated the metabolic activity of mitochondria and the inhibition was found with high concentration of HACC. Then, the effect of HACC on mitochondrial respiratory chain was studied, which was consistent with the results of microcalorimetry. Finally, the alteration of mitochondrial structure induced by HACC was observed and it showed that the membrane of mitochondria was dramatically damaged. These new findings can help us deeply understand the influence and action mechanism of HACC in the metabolic process and provide theoretical and practical foundation for the biosafety of HACC as a medical carrier.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caifen Xia
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan 432000, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, Hubei 432000, PR China
| | - Wei Li
- Hubei Engineering & Technology Research Center for Functional Materials from Biomass, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, Hubei 432000, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, Hubei 432000, PR China
| | - Boqiao Fu
- Hubei Engineering & Technology Research Center for Functional Materials from Biomass, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, Hubei 432000, PR China
| | - Caiqin Qin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, Hubei 432000, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Silver and Copper Acute Effects on Membrane Proteins and Impact on Photosynthetic and Respiratory Complexes in Bacteria. mBio 2018; 9:mBio.01535-18. [PMID: 30459190 PMCID: PMC6247083 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01535-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of metal ions represents a serious threat to the environment and to all living organisms because of the acute toxicity of these ions. Nowadays, silver nanoparticles are one of the most widely used nanoparticles in various industrial and health applications. The antimicrobial effect of nanoparticles is in part related to the released Ag+ ions and their ability to interact with bacterial membranes. Here, we identify, both in vitro and in vivo, specific targets of Ag+ ions within the membrane of bacteria. This include complexes involved in photosynthesis, but also complexes involved in respiration. Silver (Ag+) and copper (Cu+) ions have been used for centuries in industry, as well as antimicrobial agents in agriculture and health care. Nowadays, Ag+ is also widely used in the field of nanotechnology. Yet, the underlying mechanisms driving toxicity of Ag+ ions in vivo are poorly characterized. It is well known that exposure to excess metal impairs the photosynthetic apparatus of plants and algae. Here, we show that the light-harvesting complex II (LH2) is the primary target of Ag+ and Cu+ exposure in the purple bacterium Rubrivivax gelatinosus. Ag+ and Cu+ specifically inactivate the 800-nm absorbing bacteriochlorophyll a (B800), while Ni2+ or Cd2+ treatment had no effect. This was further supported by analyses of CuSO4- or AgNO3-treated membrane proteins. Indeed, this treatment induced changes in the LH2 absorption spectrum related to the disruption of the interaction of B800 molecules with the LH2 protein. This caused the release of B800 molecules and subsequently impacted the spectral properties of the carotenoids within the 850-nm absorbing LH2. Moreover, previous studies have suggested that Ag+ can affect the respiratory chain in mitochondria and bacteria. Our data demonstrated that exposure to Ag+, both in vivo and in vitro, caused a decrease of cytochrome c oxidase and succinate dehydrogenase activities. Ag+ inhibition of these respiratory complexes was also observed in Escherichia coli, but not in Bacillus subtilis.
Collapse
|
10
|
Ma L, Bi KD, Fan YM, Jiang ZY, Zhang XY, Zhang JW, Zhao J, Jiang FL, Dong JX. In vitro modulation of mercury-induced rat liver mitochondria dysfunction. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2018; 7:1135-1143. [PMID: 30510683 PMCID: PMC6220722 DOI: 10.1039/c8tx00060c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is a toxic environmental pollutant that exerts its cytotoxic effects as cations by targeting mitochondria. In our work, we determined different mitochondrial toxicity factors using specific substrates and inhibitors following the addition of Hg2+ to the mitochondria isolated from Wistar rat liver in vitro. We found that Hg2+ induced marked changes in the mitochondrial ultrastructure accompanied by mitochondrial swelling, mitochondrial membrane potential collapse, mitochondrial membrane fluidity increase and Cytochrome c release. Additionally, the effects of Hg2+ on heat production of mitochondria were investigated using microcalorimetry; simultaneously, the effects on mitochondrial respiration were determined by Clark oxygen-electric methods. Microcalorimetry could provide detailed kinetic and thermodynamic information which demonstrated that Hg2+ had some biotoxicity effect on mitochondria. The inhibition of energy metabolic activities suggested that high concentrations of Hg2+ could induce mitochondrial ATP depletion under MPT and mitochondrial respiration inhibition. These results help us learn more about the toxicity of Hg2+ at the subcellular level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Long Ma
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources , School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Guangxi Normal University , Guilin 541004 , P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE) , College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China
| | - Kai-Dong Bi
- Wuhan Britain-China School , Wuhan 430015 , P. R. China
| | - Yu-Meng Fan
- Wuhan Britain-China School , Wuhan 430015 , P. R. China
| | - Zi-Yi Jiang
- Wuhan Britain-China School , Wuhan 430015 , P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Yi Zhang
- Wuhan Britain-China School , Wuhan 430015 , P. R. China
| | | | - Jie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE) , College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China
| | - Feng-Lei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE) , College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China
| | - Jia-Xin Dong
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources , School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Guangxi Normal University , Guilin 541004 , P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yu B, Ma L, Jin J, Jiang F, Zhou G, Yan K, Liu Y. Mitochondrial toxicity induced by a thiourea gold(i) complex: mitochondrial permeability transition and respiratory deficit. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2018; 7:1081-1090. [PMID: 30542602 PMCID: PMC6240812 DOI: 10.1039/c8tx00169c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gold(i) complexes have been widely used as antibacterial and antitumor agents because of their excellent biological activities. However, there are few reports on the study of gold(i) complexes at the subcellular level. Herein, we investigated the toxicity of a gold(i) complex (N,N'-disubstituted cyclic thiourea ligand) - AuTuCl - to isolated mitochondria via various methods. The results showed that AuTuCl induced mitochondrial swelling, elevated ROS generation and triggered collapse of the membrane potential, which indicated the induction of mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT). It also enhanced the permeability of H+ and K+ of the inner membrane and declined membrane fluidity, which might be the result of MPT. Moreover, AuTuCl impaired the mitochondrial respiratory chain and suppressed the activities of complexes II and IV in the respiratory chain. It also triggered the deficiency of ATP and the effusion of Cyt c, which were strictly related to respiration and apoptosis. These results indicated that AuTuCl severely affected the structure and function of mitochondria. It was proposed that MPT and impairment of the respiratory chain were responsible for the mitotoxicity of AuTuCl, thus causing energy deficiency and even apoptosis. This conceivable mechanism can serve as a clue for better understanding of the toxicology of AuTuCl.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingqiong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE) College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +8627-68753465
| | - Long Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE) College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +8627-68753465
| | - Jiancheng Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE) College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +8627-68753465
| | - Fenglei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE) College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +8627-68753465
| | - Gangcheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE) College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +8627-68753465
| | - Kun Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE) College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +8627-68753465
| | - Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE) College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +8627-68753465
- College of Chemistry and Material Sciences , Guangxi Teachers Education University , Nanning 530001 , P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials of Hubei Province , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Wuhan University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430081 , P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mitochondrial morphology and function impaired by dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethyl Formamide. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2018; 50:297-305. [PMID: 29770896 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-018-9759-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the effects of two non-ionic, non-hydroxyl organic solvents, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and dimethyl formamide (DMF) on the morphology and function of isolated rat hepatic mitochondria were investigated and compared. Mitochondrial ultrastructures impaired by DMSO and DMF were clearly observed by transmission electron microscopy. Spectroscopic and polarographic results demonstrated that organic solvents induced mitochondrial swelling, enhanced the permeation to H+/K+, collapsed the potential inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM), and increased the IMM fluidity. Moreover, with organic solvents addition, the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) was broken, accompanied with the release of Cytochrome c, which could activate cell apoptosis signaling pathway. The role of DMSO and DMF in enhancing permeation or transient water pore formation in the mitochondrial phospholipid bilayer might be the main reason for the mitochondrial morphology and function impaired. Mitochondrial dysfunctions induced by the two organic solvents were dose-dependent, but the extents varied. Ethanol (EtOH) showed the highest potential damage on the mitochondrial morphology and functions, followed by DMF and DMSO.
Collapse
|
13
|
Yan R, Yu BQ, Yin MM, Zhou ZQ, Xiang X, Han XL, Liu Y, Jiang FL. The interactions of CdTe quantum dots with serum albumin and subsequent cytotoxicity: the influence of homologous ligands. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2018; 7:147-155. [PMID: 30090570 PMCID: PMC6062011 DOI: 10.1039/c7tx00301c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
With spreading applications of fluorescent quantum dots (QDs) in biomedical fields in recent years, there is increasing concern over their toxicity. Among various factors, surface ligands play critical roles. Previous studies usually employed QDs with different kinds of surface ligands, but general principles were difficult to be obtained since it was hard to compare these surface ligands with varied chemical structures without common features. Herein, the physicochemical properties of two types of CdTe QDs were kept very similar, but different in the surface ligands with mercaptoacetic acid (TGA) and 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA), respectively. These two types of homologous ligands only had a difference in one methylene group (-CH2-). The interactions of the two types of CdTe QDs with bovine serum albumin (BSA), which was one of the main components of cell culture, were studied by fluorescence, UV-vis absorption, and circular dichroism spectroscopy. It was found that the fluorescence quenching of BSA by CdTe QDs followed a static quenching mechanism, and there was no obvious difference in the Stern-Volmer quenching constants and binding constants. The thermodynamic parameters of the two types of QDs were similar. BSA underwent conformational changes upon association with these QDs. By comparing the cytotoxicity of these two types of QDs, TGA-capped QDs were found to be less cytotoxic than MPA-capped QDs. Besides, in the presence of serum proteins, the cytotoxicity of the QDs was reduced. QDs in the absence of serum proteins had a higher internalization efficiency, compared with those in the medium with serum. To the best of our knowledge, this is a rare study focusing on surface ligands with such small variations at the biomolecular and cellular levels. These findings can provide new insights for the design and applications of QDs in complex biological media.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ren Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE) , College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China . ; Tel: +86-27-68756667
| | - Bing-Qiong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE) , College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China . ; Tel: +86-27-68756667
| | - Miao-Miao Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE) , College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China . ; Tel: +86-27-68756667
| | - Zhi-Qiang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE) , College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China . ; Tel: +86-27-68756667
| | - Xun Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE) , College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China . ; Tel: +86-27-68756667
| | - Xiao-Le Han
- College of Chemistry and Material Sciences , South-Central University for Nationalities , Wuhan 430074 , P. R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE) , College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China . ; Tel: +86-27-68756667
| | - Feng-Lei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE) , College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China . ; Tel: +86-27-68756667
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Fan XY, Yuan L, Wu C, Liu YJ, Jiang FL, Hu YJ, Liu Y. Mitochondrial toxicity of organic arsenicals: membrane permeability transition pore opening and respiratory dysfunction. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2017; 7:191-200. [PMID: 30090574 DOI: 10.1039/c7tx00234c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to clarify the mitochondrial toxicity mechanism of the organic arsenical MOPIMP (2-methoxy-4-(((4-(oxoarsanyl) phenyl) imino) methyl) phenol), research was carried out at the sub-cell level based on the previous finding that the compound MOPIMP can damage the mitochondria by triggering a burst of ROS. After investigating its influence on isolated mitochondria in vitro, it was demonstrated that a high dose of MOPIMP with short-term exposure can induce mitochondrial swelling, decrease the membrane potential, enhance the permeability of H+ and K+, and induce membrane lipid peroxidation, indicating that it can result in an MPT process in a ROS-mediated and Ca2+-independent manner. Additionally, MPT was also aggravated as a result of impairment of the membrane integrity and membrane fluidity. In addition, short-term incubation between mitochondria and compound MOPIMP promoted the inhibition of respiratory chain complexes I, II, III and IV, as well as damage to the respiration process, which supported the previous finding about the burst of ROS. On the other hand, after long-term exposure by the organic arsenical MOPIMP, mitochondrial metabolic dysfunction was triggered, which was in accordance with perturbation of the respiratory chain complexes as well as the respiration process. This work systematically sheds light on the mitochondrial toxicity mechanism of the organic arsenical MOPIMP, including induction of the MPT process and inhibition of respiratory metabolism, which provides a potential target for organic arsenicals as anti-tumor drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE) , College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +8627 68753465
| | - Lian Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE) , College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +8627 68753465
| | - Can Wu
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources , School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Guangxi Normal University , Guilin 541000 , P. R. China
| | - Yu-Jiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE) , College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +8627 68753465
| | - Feng-Lei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE) , College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +8627 68753465
| | - Yan-Jun Hu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hubei Normal University , Huangshi 435002 , P. R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE) , College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +8627 68753465.,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hubei Normal University , Huangshi 435002 , P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials of Hubei Province , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Wuhan University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430081 , P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ma L, Liu JY, Dong JX, Xiao Q, Zhao J, Jiang FL. Toxicity of Pb 2+ on rat liver mitochondria induced by oxidative stress and mitochondrial permeability transition. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2017; 6:822-830. [PMID: 30090545 PMCID: PMC6062357 DOI: 10.1039/c7tx00204a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pb2+ exposure in humans occurs mainly through air inhalation, food and water uptake which has been shown to be generally associated with numerous body functions such as the central and peripheral nervous systems, the red blood cells, the kidneys and the liver. It has been reported that the liver is the storage site and an important primary target in Pb2+ toxicity, and the hepatotoxicity of Pb2+ could be resulted from the impairment of the liver mitochondria. In this study, several mitochondrial dysfunctions following the addition of Pb2+ (10-160 μM) were investigated. We found that Pb2+ inhibited the enzyme activities of mitochondrial respiratory complexes and complex III was the major source of Pb2+-induced significant reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. As a consequence, our results showed that Pb2+ induced significant progress in mitochondrial lipid peroxidation, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) consumption and glutathione (GSH) oxidation. On the other hand, Pb2+ induced marked changes in mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) accompanied by mitochondrial swelling, mitochondrial membrane potential collapse, mitochondrial membrane fluidity decrease and cytochrome c (Cyt c) release. Additionally, several mitochondrial MPT inhibitors and chelators were utilized to determine the possible interaction sites of Pb2+ on mitochondria. In general, our data supported that the Pb2+-induced liver toxicity was a result of the disruptive effect on the mitochondrial respiratory complexes. This disruptive effect caused oxidative stress and MPT, which led to mitochondrial dysfunctions and even cell death signalling via mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening and Cyt c release.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Long Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE) , College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +86-27-68756667
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources , School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Guangxi Normal University , Guilin 541004 , P. R. China
| | - Jun-Yi Liu
- The Bryn Mawr School , Baltimore , MD 21210 , USA
| | - Jia-Xin Dong
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources , School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Guangxi Normal University , Guilin 541004 , P. R. China
| | - Qi Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Material Science , Guangxi Teachers Education University , Nanning 530001 , P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE) , College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +86-27-68756667
| | - Feng-Lei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE) , College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +86-27-68756667
| |
Collapse
|