1
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Wang J, Chen L, Qin S, Xie M, Luo SZ, Li W. Advances in biosynthesis of peptide drugs: Technology and industrialization. Biotechnol J 2024; 19:e2300256. [PMID: 37884278 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Peptide drugs are developed from endogenous or synthetic peptides with specific biological activities. They have advantages of strong target specificity, high efficacy and low toxicity, thus showing great promise in the treatment of many diseases such as cancer, infections, and diabetes. Although an increasing number of peptide drugs have entered market in recent years, the preparation of peptide drug substances is yet a bottleneck problem for their industrial production. Comparing to the chemical synthesis method, peptide biosynthesis has advantages of simple synthesis, low cost, and low contamination. Therefore, the biosynthesis technology of peptide drugs has been widely used for manufacturing. Herein, we reviewed the development of peptide drugs and recent advances in peptide biosynthesis technology, in order to shed a light to the prospect of industrial production of peptide drugs based on biosynthesis technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, China
- College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Long Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Song Qin
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Mingyuan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Zhong Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjun Li
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, China
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2
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Huang C, Shao N, Huang Y, Chen J, Wang D, Hu G, Zhang H, Luo L, Xiao Z. Overcoming challenges in the delivery of STING agonists for cancer immunotherapy: A comprehensive review of strategies and future perspectives. Mater Today Bio 2023; 23:100839. [PMID: 38024837 PMCID: PMC10630661 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
STING (Stimulator of Interferon Genes) agonists have emerged as promising agents in the field of cancer immunotherapy, owing to their excellent capacity to activate the innate immune response and combat tumor-induced immunosuppression. This review provides a comprehensive exploration of the strategies employed to develop effective formulations for STING agonists, with particular emphasis on versatile nano-delivery systems. The recent advancements in delivery systems based on lipids, natural/synthetic polymers, and proteins for STING agonists are summarized. The preparation methodologies of nanoprecipitation, self-assembly, and hydrogel, along with their advantages and disadvantages, are also discussed. Furthermore, the challenges and opportunities in developing next-generation STING agonist delivery systems are elaborated. This review aims to serve as a reference for researchers in designing novel and effective STING agonist delivery systems for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiqing Huang
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Department of Ultrasound, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, 511400, China
| | - Ni Shao
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yanyu Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Jifeng Chen
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Duo Wang
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Genwen Hu
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Department of Radiology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Interventional Vascular Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Dongguan, 523560, China
| | - Liangping Luo
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zeyu Xiao
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
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Zhao K, Huang J, Zhao Y, Wang S, Xu J, Yin K. Targeting STING in cancer: Challenges and emerging opportunities. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188983. [PMID: 37717857 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway is a key pathway through which the host regulates immune responses by recognizing cytoplasmic double-stranded DNA of abnormal origin, and it plays an important role in tumor growth as well as metastasis, with relevant molecular details constantly being explored and updated. The significant immunomodulatory effects make STING an attractive target for cancer immunotherapy, and STING agonists have been receiving great attention for their development and clinical translation. Despite exciting results in preclinical work, the application of STING agonists to cancer therapy remains challenging due to their poor pharmacokinetic and physicochemical properties, as well as toxic side effects they produce. Here, we summarize the dichotomous role of cGAS-STING in cancer and discuss the limitations of cancer immunotherapy based on STING activation as well as feasible strategies to overcome them to achieve tumor regression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China; Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jiaojiao Huang
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Shengjun Wang
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
| | - Juan Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, China.
| | - Kai Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
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Zhuo SH, Noda N, Hioki K, Jin S, Hayashi T, Hiraga K, Momose H, Li WH, Zhao L, Mizukami T, Ishii KJ, Li YM, Uesugi M. Identification of a Self-Assembling Small-Molecule Cancer Vaccine Adjuvant with an Improved Toxicity Profile. J Med Chem 2023; 66:13266-13279. [PMID: 37676021 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Protein or peptide cancer vaccines usually include immune potentiators, so-called adjuvants. However, it remains challenging to identify structurally simple, chemically accessible synthetic molecules that are effective and safe as vaccine adjuvant. Here, we present cholicamideβ (6), a self-assembling small-molecule vaccine adjuvant with an improved toxicity profile and proven efficacy in vivo. We demonstrate that cholicamideβ (6), which is less cytotoxic than its parent compound, forms virus-like particles to potently activate dendritic cells with the concomitant secretion of cytokines. When combined with a peptide antigen, cholicamideβ (6) potentiated the antigen presentation on dendritic cells to induce antigen-specific T cells. As a therapeutic cancer vaccine adjuvant in mice, a mixture of cholicamideβ (6) and a peptide antigen protected mice from the challenges of malignant cancer cells without overt toxicity. Cholicamideβ (6) may offer a translational opportunity as an unprecedented class of small-molecule cancer vaccine adjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Hua Zhuo
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Naotaka Noda
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Uji 611-0011, Kyoto, Japan
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji 611-0011, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kou Hioki
- Division of Vaccine Science, The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Shuyu Jin
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Uji 611-0011, Kyoto, Japan
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji 611-0011, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoya Hayashi
- Division of Vaccine Science, The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Kou Hiraga
- Research Center for Biological Products in the Next Generation, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan
| | - Haruka Momose
- Research Center for Biological Products in the Next Generation, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan
| | - Wen-Hao Li
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lang Zhao
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Takuo Mizukami
- Research Center for Biological Products in the Next Generation, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan
| | - Ken J Ishii
- Division of Vaccine Science, The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Yan-Mei Li
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100069, China
- Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Motonari Uesugi
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji 611-0011, Kyoto, Japan
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
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Vasiyani H, Wadhwa B, Singh R. Regulation of cGAS-STING signalling in cancer: Approach for combination therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188896. [PMID: 37088059 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Innate immunity plays an important role not only during infection but also homeostatic role during stress conditions. Activation of the immune system including innate immune response plays a critical role in the initiation and progression of tumorigenesis. The innate immune sensor recognizes pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and activates cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) (cGAS-STING) and induces type-1 immune response during viral and bacterial infection. cGAS-STING is regulated differently in conditions like cellular senescence and DNA damage in normal and tumor cells and is implicated in the progression of tumors from different origins. cGAS binds to cytoplasmic dsDNA and synthesize cyclic GMP-AMP (2'3'-cGAMP), which selectively activates STING and downstream IFN and NF-κB activation. We here reviewed the cGAS-STING signalling pathway and its cross-talk with other pathways to modulate tumorigenesis. Further, the review also focused on emerging studies that targeted the cGAS-STING pathway for developing targeted therapeutics and combinatorial regimens for cancer of different origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitesh Vasiyani
- Department of Biochemistry, The M.S. University of Baroda, Vadodara 390002, Gujarat, India
| | - Bhumika Wadhwa
- Department of Biochemistry, The M.S. University of Baroda, Vadodara 390002, Gujarat, India
| | - Rajesh Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, The M.S. University of Baroda, Vadodara 390002, Gujarat, India.
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Wang D, Gu W, Chen W, Zhou J, Yu L, Kook Kim B, Zhang X, Seung Kim J. Advanced nanovaccines based on engineering nanomaterials for accurately enhanced cancer immunotherapy. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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S-acylthioalkyl ester (SATE)-based prodrugs of deoxyribose cyclic dinucleotides (dCDNs) as the STING agonist for antitumor immunotherapy. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 243:114796. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Recent Advances in Cancer Vaccines: Challenges, Achievements, and Futuristic Prospects. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10122011. [PMID: 36560420 PMCID: PMC9788126 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10122011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a chronic disease, and it can be lethal due to limited therapeutic options. The conventional treatment options for cancer have numerous challenges, such as a low blood circulation time as well as poor solubility of anticancer drugs. Therapeutic cancer vaccines emerged to try to improve anticancer drugs' efficiency and to deliver them to the target site. Cancer vaccines are considered a viable therapeutic technique for most solid tumors. Vaccines boost antitumor immunity by delivering tumor antigens, nucleic acids, entire cells, and peptides. Cancer vaccines are designed to induce long-term antitumor memory, causing tumor regression, eradicate minimal residual illness, and prevent non-specific or unpleasant effects. These vaccines can assist in the elimination of cancer cells from various organs or organ systems in the body, with minimal risk of tumor recurrence or metastasis. Vaccines and antigens for anticancer therapy are discussed in this review, including current vaccine adjuvants and mechanisms of action for various types of vaccines, such as DNA- or mRNA-based cancer vaccines. Potential applications of these vaccines focusing on their clinical use for better therapeutic efficacy are also discussed along with the latest research available in this field.
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Li WH, Su JY, Li YM. Rational Design of T-Cell- and B-Cell-Based Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:2660-2671. [PMID: 36048514 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Cancer vaccines provide an efficient strategy to enhance tumor-specific immune responses by redeploying immune systems. Despite the approval of the first cancer vaccine (Sipuleucel-T) by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 2010, most therapeutic cancer vaccines fail in clinical trials. Basically, tumor-specific immune responses rely on not only T-cell but also B-cell immunity, which indicates that cancer vaccines should leverage both arms of the adaptive immune system. For example, CD8+ T cells activated by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) recognize and directly kill tumor cells via peptide-bound major histocompatibility complex (pMHC). B cells recognize antigen with no need of pMHC and require CD4+ T cells for sufficient activation and antibody generation, enabling antibody-mediated nondirect killing on tumor cells. Considering the different mechanisms of T-cell and B-cell activation, the rational design of therapeutic cancer vaccines should consider several factors, including antigen selection and recognition, immune activation, vaccine delivery, and repeatable vaccination, which can be advanced by chemical strategies.In this Account, we summarize our recent contributions to the development of effective T-cell- and B-cell-based therapeutic cancer vaccines. For T-cell-based vaccines, we focus on adjuvants as the key component for controllable APC activation and T-cell priming. Not only synthetic molecular agonists of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) but also adjuvant nanomaterials were explored to satisfy diversiform vaccine designs. For example, a type of natural cyclic dinucleotide (CDN) that was chemically modified with fluorination and ipsilateral phosphorothioation to activate the stimulator of interferon gene (STING) was found to mediate antitumor responses. It retains structural similarity to the parent CDN scaffold but possesses increased stability, cellular uptake, and immune activation for antitumor treatment. It also facilitates facile conjugation with other agonists, which not only enhances APC-targeting delivery but also balances cellular and humoral antitumor responses. We also explored the intrinsic properties of nanomaterials that allow them to serve as adjuvants. A black phosphorus nanosheet-based nanovaccine was constructed and found to strongly potentiate antigen-specific T-cell antitumor immune responses through multiple immune-potentiating properties, leading to a highly integrated nanomaterial-based adjuvant design. For B-cell-based vaccines, multicomponent and multivalent strategies were applied to improve the immunogenicity. A multicomponent linear vaccine conjugate coordinates helper T (Th) cells and APCs to proliferate and differentiates B cells for enhanced antitumor immunoglobulin G antibody responses. To further improve antigen recognition, clustered designs on a multivalent epitope were applied by generating various structures, including branched lysine-based peptides, natural multivalent scaffold molecules, and self-assembled nanofibers. We also engineered nano- and microvaccine systems to optimize systemic and localized vaccination. A multilayer-assembled nanovaccine successfully integrated antigens and multiple agonists to modulate APC activation. A DNA hydrogel contributed to the control of APC's immune behaviors, including cell recruitment, activation, and migration, and induced robust antitumor responses as an all-in-one designable platform. In this Account, by summarizing strategies for both T-cell- and B-cell-based vaccine design, we not only compare the differences but also address the intrinsic uniformity between such vaccine designs and further discuss the potential of a combined T-cell- and B-cell-based vaccine, which highlights the applicability and feasibility of chemical strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hao Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 30 Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jing-Yun Su
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 30 Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yan-Mei Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 30 Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China.,Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, 10 Youanmenwai Xitoutiao, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China.,Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, 30 Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
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Su JY, Li WH, Li YM. New opportunities for immunomodulation of the tumour microenvironment using chemical tools. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:7944-7970. [PMID: 35996977 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00486k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy is recognised as an attractive method for the treatment of cancer, and numerous treatment strategies have emerged over recent years. Investigations of the tumour microenvironment (TME) have led to the identification of many potential therapeutic targets and methods. However, many recently applied immunotherapies are based on previously identified strategies, such as boosting the immune response by combining commonly used stimulators, and the release of drugs through changes in pH. Although methodological improvements such as structural optimisation and combining strategies can be undertaken, applying those novel targets and methods in immunotherapy remains an important goal. In this review, we summarise the latest research on the TME, and discuss how small molecules, immune cells, and their interactions with tumour cells can be regulated in the TME. Additionally, the techniques currently employed for delivery of these agents to the TME are also mentioned. Strategies to modulate cell phenotypes and interactions between immune cells and tumours are mainly discussed. We consider both modulatory and targeting methods aiming to bridge the gap between the TME and chemical modulation thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yun Su
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China.
| | - Wen-Hao Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China.
| | - Yan-Mei Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China. .,Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, 100069 Beijing, China
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Gao S, Khan A, Chen X, Xiao G, van der Veen S, Chen Y, Lin X. Cyclic-di-GMP stimulates keratinocyte innate immune responses and attenuates methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization in a murine skin wound infection model. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:176. [PMID: 35804301 PMCID: PMC9264594 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02583-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause for morbidity and mortality associated with skin and burn wound infections. Therapeutic options for methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) have dwindled and therefore alternative treatments are urgently needed. In this study, the immuno-stimulating and anti-MRSA effects of cyclic di-guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP), a uniquely bacterial second messenger and immuno-modulator, were investigated in HaCaT human epidermal keratinocytes and a murine skin wound infection model. Results Stimulation of HaCaT cells with 125 μM c-di-GMP for 12 h prior to MRSA challenge resulted in a 20-fold reduction in bacterial colonization compared with untreated control cells, which was not the result of a direct c-di-GMP toxic effect, since bacterial viability was not affected by this dose in the absence of HaCaT cells. C-di-GMP-stimulated or MRSA-challenged HaCaT cells displayed enhanced secretion of the antimicrobial peptides human β-defensin 1 (hBD-1), hBD-2, hBD-3 and LL-37, but for hBD1 and LL-37 the responses were additive in a c-di-GMP-dose-dependent manner. Secretion of the chemokines CXCL1 and CXCL8 was also elevated after stimulation of HaCaT cells with lower c-di-GMP doses and peaked at a dose of 5 μM. Finally, pre-treatment of mice with a 200 nmol dose of c-di-GMP 24 h before a challenge with MRSA in skin wound infection model resulted in a major reduction (up to 1,100-fold by day 2) in bacterial CFU counts recovered from challenged skin tissue sections compared PBS-treated control animals. Tissue sections displayed inflammatory cell infiltration and enhanced neutrophil influx in the c-di-GMP pre-treated animals, which might account for the reduced ability of MRSA to colonize c-di-GMP pre-treated mice. Conclusions These results demonstrate that c-di-GMP is a potent immuno-modulator that can stimulate anti-MRSA immune responses in vivo and might therefore be a suitable alternative prophylactic or therapeutic agent for MRSA skin or burn wound infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Gao
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, and Department of Infection of the Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866Yuhangtang Road, West Lake District, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Abidullah Khan
- Department of Burns, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuhong Chen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, and Department of Infection of the Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866Yuhangtang Road, West Lake District, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Guohui Xiao
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, and Department of Infection of the Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866Yuhangtang Road, West Lake District, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Stijn van der Veen
- Department of Microbiology, and Department of Dermatology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Emergency Detection for Public Health of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3399 Binsheng Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310051, China.
| | - Xu'ai Lin
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, and Department of Infection of the Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866Yuhangtang Road, West Lake District, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Du JJ, Zhou SH, Cheng ZR, Xu WB, Zhang RY, Wang LS, Guo J. MUC1 Specific Immune Responses Enhanced by Coadministration of Liposomal DDA/MPLA and Lipoglycopeptide. Front Chem 2022; 10:814880. [PMID: 35186882 PMCID: PMC8854779 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.814880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucin 1 (MUC1), a well-known tumor-associated antigen and attractive target for tumor immunotherapy, is overexpressed in most human epithelial adenomas with aberrant glycosylation. However, its low immunogenicity impedes the development of MUC1-targeted antitumor vaccines. In this study, we investigated three liposomal adjuvant systems containing toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) agonist monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) and auxiliary lipids of different charges: cationic lipid dimethyldioctadecylammonium (DDA), neutral lipid distearoylglycerophosphocholine (DSPC) or anionic lipid dioleoylphosphatidylglycerol (DOPG), respectively. ELISA assay evidenced that the positively charged DDA/MPLA liposomes are potent immune activators, which induced remarkable levels of anti-MUC1 antibodies and exhibited robust Th1-biased immune responses. Importantly, the antibodies induced by DDA/MPLA liposomes efficiently recognized and killed MUC1-positive tumor cells through complement-mediated cytotoxicity. In addition, antibody titers in mice immunized with P2-MUC1 vaccine were significantly higher than those from mice immunized with P1-MUC1 or MUC1 vaccine, which indicated that the lipid conjugated on MUC1 antigen also played important role for immunomodulation. This study suggested that the liposomal DDA/MPLA with lipid-MUC1 is a promising antitumor vaccine, which can be used for the immunotherapy of various epithelial carcinomas represented by breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Du
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Pathogenesis and Intervention, College of Medicine, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, China
| | - Shi-Hao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zi-Ru Cheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Pathogenesis and Intervention, College of Medicine, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, China
| | - Wen-Bo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ru-Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Long-Sheng Wang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Long-Sheng Wang, ; Jun Guo,
| | - Jun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Long-Sheng Wang, ; Jun Guo,
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Zhuo SH, Wu JJ, Zhao L, Li WH, Zhao YF, Li YM. A chitosan-mediated inhalable nanovaccine against SARS-CoV-2. NANO RESEARCH 2022; 15:4191-4200. [PMID: 35126879 PMCID: PMC8809230 DOI: 10.1007/s12274-021-4012-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), with several antigenic variants, has grown into a global challenge, and the rapid establishment of an immune barrier is crucial to achieving long-term control of the virus. This has led to a great demand for easy preparation and scalable vaccines, especially in low-income countries. Here, we present an inhalable nanovaccine comprising chitosan and SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. The chitosan-mediated nanovaccine enabled a strong spike-specific antibody immune response and augmented local mucosal immunity in bronchoalveolar lavage and lungs, which might be capable of protecting the host from infection without systemic toxicity. In addition, the enhanced adaptive immunity stimulated by chitosan showed potential protection against SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, inhalation of the nanovaccine induced a comparable antibody response compared to intramuscular injection. This inhalable nanovaccine against SARS-CoV-2 offers a convenient and compliant strategy to reduce the use of needles and the need for medical staff. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL Supplementary material (the immune activation of CS-mediated nanovacccine on BMDCs, cell viability, immune responses in lungs and BALF, serum chemistry and H&E histopathological analysis.) is available in the online version of this article at 10.1007/s12274-021-4012-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Hua Zhuo
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
| | - Jun-Jun Wu
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
| | - Lang Zhao
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
| | - Wen-Hao Li
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
| | - Yu-Fen Zhao
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315221 China
| | - Yan-Mei Li
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100069 China
- Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
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14
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Zheng Y, Wu JJ. Overcoming STING Agonists Barriers: Peptide, Protein, Biomembrane-based Biocompatible Delivery Strategies. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202101400. [PMID: 35080118 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202101400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
After the development for more ten years, stimulator of interferon genes (STING), a representative of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), is now entering the stage of widespread applications. Along with evolution of STING agonists of cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs) and non-nucleotide molecules, the stability of agonists has been improved. However, their poor performance in clinical trials triggers urgent demands for highly effective delivery strategies to further improve the cellular permeability, tissue targetability and retention. In this review, we summarized the recent progress of STING agonists applications and delivery strategies with a focus on the biocompatible platforms of peptide, protein and biomembrane, providing a novel vision for STING field and future direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfang Zheng
- Fujian Normal University, college of chemistry and material science, 32 Shangsan Road, Fuzhou 350007, People's Republic of China, 350007, Fuzhou, CHINA
| | - Jun-Jun Wu
- Fujian Normal University, college of life sciences, CHINA
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15
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Built-in adjuvants for use in vaccines. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 227:113917. [PMID: 34688011 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Vaccine refers to biological products that are produced using various pathogenic microorganisms for inoculation. The goal of vaccination is to induce a robust immune response against a specific antigen, thus preventing the organism from getting infected. In vaccines, adjuvants have been widely employed to enhance immunity against specific antigens. An ideal adjuvant should be stable, biodegradable, and low cost, not induce system rejection and promote an immune response. Various adjuvant components have been investigated across diverse applications. Typically, adjuvants are employed to meet the following objectives: (1) to improve the effectiveness of immunization with vaccines for specific populations, such as newborns and the elderly; (2) enhance the immunogenicity of highly purified or recombinant antigens; (3) allow immunization with a smaller dose of the vaccine, reducing drug dosage. In the present review, we primarily focus on chemically synthesized compounds that can be used as built-in adjuvants. We elaborate the classification of these compounds based on the induced immune activation mechanism and summarize their application in various vaccine types.
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16
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Zhang BD, Wu JJ, Li WH, Hu HG, Zhao L, He PY, Zhao YF, Li YM. STING and TLR7/8 agonists-based nanovaccines for synergistic antitumor immune activation. NANO RESEARCH 2022; 15:6328-6339. [PMID: 35464625 PMCID: PMC9014842 DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-4282-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Immunostimulatory therapies based on pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) have emerged as an effective approach in the fight against cancer, with the ability to recruit tumor-specific lymphocytes in a low-immunogenicity tumor environment. The agonist cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs) of the stimulator of interferon gene (STING) are a group of very promising anticancer molecules that increase tumor immunogenicity by activating innate immunity. However, the tumor immune efficacy of CDNs is limited by several factors, including relatively narrow cytokine production, inefficient delivery to STING, and rapid clearance. In addition, a single adjuvant molecule is unable to elicit a broad cytokine response and thus cannot further amplify the anticancer effect. To address this problem, two or more agonist molecules are often used together to synergistically enhance immune efficacy. In this work, we found that a combination of the STING agonist CDGSF and the Toll-like receptor 7/8 (TLR7/8) agonist 522 produced a broader cytokine response. Subsequently, we developed multicomponent nanovaccines (MCNVs) consisting of a PC7A polymer as a nanocarrier encapsulating the antigen OVA and adjuvant molecules. These MCNVs activate bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) to produce multiple proinflammatory factors that promote antigen cross-presentation to stimulate specific antitumor T-cell responses. In in vivo experiments, we observed that MCNVs triggered a strong T-cell response in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, resulting in significant tumor regression and, notably, a 100% survival rate in mice through 25 days without other partnering therapies. These data suggest that our nanovaccines have great potential to advance cancer immunotherapy with increased durability and potency. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL Supplementary material (synthesis of CDGSF, 522, PC7A and OVA; preparation of MCNVs; representative gating strategies for flow cytometry) is available in the online version of this article at 10.1007/s12274-022-4282-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Dou Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
| | - Jun-Jun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
| | - Wen-Hao Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
| | - Hong-Guo Hu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
| | - Lang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
| | - Pei-Yang He
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
| | - Yu-Fen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315201 China
| | - Yan-Mei Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100069 China
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17
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Li Q, Shi Z, Zhang F, Zeng W, Zhu D, Mei L. Symphony of nanomaterials and immunotherapy based on the cancer-immunity cycle. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:107-134. [PMID: 35127375 PMCID: PMC8799879 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system is involved in the initiation and progression of cancer. Research on cancer and immunity has contributed to the development of several clinically successful immunotherapies. These immunotherapies often act on a single step of the cancer–immunity cycle. In recent years, the discovery of new nanomaterials has dramatically expanded the functions and potential applications of nanomaterials. In addition to acting as drug-delivery platforms, some nanomaterials can induce the immunogenic cell death (ICD) of cancer cells or regulate the profile and strength of the immune response as immunomodulators. Based on their versatility, nanomaterials may serve as an integrated platform for multiple drugs or therapeutic strategies, simultaneously targeting several steps of the cancer–immunity cycle to enhance the outcome of anticancer immune response. To illustrate the critical roles of nanomaterials in cancer immunotherapies based on cancer–immunity cycle, this review will comprehensively describe the crosstalk between the immune system and cancer, and the current applications of nanomaterials, including drug carriers, ICD inducers, and immunomodulators. Moreover, this review will provide a detailed discussion of the knowledge regarding developing combinational cancer immunotherapies based on the cancer–immunity cycle, hoping to maximize the efficacy of these treatments assisted by nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Zhaoqing Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Weiwei Zeng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Dunwan Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 20 84723750
| | - Lin Mei
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 20 84723750
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18
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Van Herck S, Feng B, Tang L. Delivery of STING agonists for adjuvanting subunit vaccines. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 179:114020. [PMID: 34756942 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.114020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Adjuvant is an essential component in subunit vaccines. Many agonists of pathogen recognition receptors have been developed as potent adjuvants to optimize the immunogenicity and efficacy of vaccines. Recently discovered cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) pathway has attracted much attention as it is a key mediator for modulating immune responses. Vaccines adjuvanted with STING agonists are found to mediate a robust immune defense against infections and cancer. In this review, we first discuss the mechanisms of STING agonists in the context of vaccination. Next, we present recent progress in novel STING agonist discovery and the delivery strategies. We next highlight recent work in optimizing the efficacy while minimizing toxicity of STING agonist-assisted subunit vaccines for protection against infectious diseases or treatment of cancer. Finally, we share our perspectives of current issues and future directions in further developing STING agonists for adjuvanting subunit vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Van Herck
- Institute of Bioengineering, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bing Feng
- Institute of Bioengineering, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Institute of Materials Science & Engineering, EPFL, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Li Tang
- Institute of Bioengineering, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Institute of Materials Science & Engineering, EPFL, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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19
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Yan H, Chen W. The Promise and Challenges of Cyclic Dinucleotides as Molecular Adjuvants for Vaccine Development. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:917. [PMID: 34452042 PMCID: PMC8402453 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9080917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs), originally discovered as bacterial second messengers, play critical roles in bacterial signal transduction, cellular processes, biofilm formation, and virulence. The finding that CDNs can trigger the innate immune response in eukaryotic cells through the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signalling pathway has prompted the extensive research and development of CDNs as potential immunostimulators and novel molecular adjuvants for induction of systemic and mucosal innate and adaptive immune responses. In this review, we summarize the chemical structure, biosynthesis regulation, and the role of CDNs in enhancing the crosstalk between host innate and adaptive immune responses. We also discuss the strategies to improve the efficient delivery of CDNs and the recent advance and future challenges in the development of CDNs as potential adjuvants in prophylactic vaccines against infectious diseases and in therapeutic vaccines against cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Wangxue Chen
- Human Health and Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
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20
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Abstract
Carbohydrates are the most abundant and one of the most important biomacromolecules in Nature. Except for energy-related compounds, carbohydrates can be roughly divided into two categories: Carbohydrates as matter and carbohydrates as information. As matter, carbohydrates are abundantly present in the extracellular matrix of animals and cell walls of various plants, bacteria, fungi, etc., serving as scaffolds. Some commonly found polysaccharides are featured as biocompatible materials with controllable rigidity and functionality, forming polymeric biomaterials which are widely used in drug delivery, tissue engineering, etc. As information, carbohydrates are usually referred to the glycans from glycoproteins, glycolipids, and proteoglycans, which bind to proteins or other carbohydrates, thereby meditating the cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. These glycans could be simplified as synthetic glycopolymers, glycolipids, and glycoproteins, which could be afforded through polymerization, multistep synthesis, or a semisynthetic strategy. The information role of carbohydrates can be demonstrated not only as targeting reagents but also as immune antigens and adjuvants. The latter are also included in this review as they are always in a macromolecular formulation. In this review, we intend to provide a relatively comprehensive summary of carbohydrate-based macromolecular biomaterials since 2010 while emphasizing the fundamental understanding to guide the rational design of biomaterials. Carbohydrate-based macromolecules on the basis of their resources and chemical structures will be discussed, including naturally occurring polysaccharides, naturally derived synthetic polysaccharides, glycopolymers/glycodendrimers, supramolecular glycopolymers, and synthetic glycolipids/glycoproteins. Multiscale structure-function relationships in several major application areas, including delivery systems, tissue engineering, and immunology, will be detailed. We hope this review will provide valuable information for the development of carbohydrate-based macromolecular biomaterials and build a bridge between the carbohydrates as matter and the carbohydrates as information to promote new biomaterial design in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Su
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven 5600, The Netherlands
| | - Yingle Feng
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.,Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, P. R. China
| | - Kongchang Wei
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Department of Materials meet Life, Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen 9014, Switzerland
| | - Xuyang Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Rongying Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Guosong Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.,Multiscale Research Institute of Complex Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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21
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Liu Y, Li M, Zhu H, Jing Z, Yin X, Wang K, Hong Z, Zhao W. Alum colloid encapsulated inside β-glucan particles enhance humoral and CTL immune responses of MUC1 vaccine. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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22
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Enhancing the immune response and tumor suppression effect of antitumor vaccines adjuvanted with non-nucleotide small molecule STING agonist. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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23
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Zeng XZ, An HW, Wang H. Chemical Reactions Trigger Peptide Self-Assembly in vivo for Tumor Therapy. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:2452-2458. [PMID: 33882175 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembly peptide materials have promoted the development of science research including life science, optics, medicine, and catalysis over the past two decades. Especially in tumor treatment, peptide self-assembly strategies have exhibited promising potential by their high degree of biocompatibility, construction modularization, and diversity in structure controllability. Driven by physical and chemical triggers, peptides can self-assemble in vivo to form fibers, spheres, hydrogels, or ribbons to achieve predeterminate biological functions. Peptide self-assembly triggered by chemical reactions provides superior specificity and intelligent responsiveness to produce assembly-induced biological effects in target regions. Herein, from the perspective of triggers of peptide assembly, we briefly review the applications of in vivo peptide self-assembly strategies for tumor treatment, including tumor-pathology-factor-induced chemical reactions and bio-orthogonal reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Zhong Zeng
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), No. 11 Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100190, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), No. 19 Yuquan Rd, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, No. 5 Yiheyuan Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Hong-Wei An
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), No. 11 Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100190, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), No. 19 Yuquan Rd, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), No. 11 Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100190, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), No. 19 Yuquan Rd, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
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24
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Chemical evolution of cyclic dinucleotides: Perspective of the analogs and their preparation. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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25
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Karanja CW, Yeboah KS, Ong WWS, Sintim HO. A STING-based fluorescent polarization assay for monitoring activities of cyclic dinucleotide metabolizing enzymes. RSC Chem Biol 2021; 2:206-214. [PMID: 34458783 PMCID: PMC8341399 DOI: 10.1039/d0cb00187b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic dinucleoties, such as cGAMP, c-di-GMP and c-di-AMP, are fascinating second messengers with diverse roles in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Consequently there is a need for simple and inexpensive methods for profiling these compounds in biological media, monitoring their synthesis or degradation by enzymes and for identifying inhibitors of proteins that metabolize or bind to these dinucleotides. Since 2011, when we reported the first simple method to detect c-di-GMP (S. Nakayama, I. Kelsey, J. Wang, K. Roelofs, B. Stefane, Y. Luo, V. T. Lee and H. O. Sintim, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2011, 133, 4856) or in 2014 when we revealed another surprisingly simple assay to detect c-di-AMP (J. Zhou, D. A. Sayre, Y. Zheng, H. Szmacinski and H. O. Sintim, Anal. Chem., 2014, 86, 2412), there have been efforts to develop assays to detect cyclic dinucleotides by others. However a unified and simple assay, which can be used for all cyclic dinucleotides is lacking. Here, we investigate STING binding by various fluorescein-labeled c-di-GMP, c-di-AMP and cGAMP, using fluorescent polarization (FP). Fluorescein-labeled c-di-GMP (F-c-di-GMP) was found to be the best binder of STING. This probe could be displaced by unlabeled cGAMP, c-di-AMP or c-di-GMP and hence it is a universal probe, which can be used to monitor all three dinucleotides. HPLC analysis was used to validate the new F-c-di-GMP-based FP assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline W Karanja
- Department of Chemistry 560 Oval Drive West Lafayette Indiana 47907-2084 USA
| | - Kofi S Yeboah
- Department of Chemistry 560 Oval Drive West Lafayette Indiana 47907-2084 USA
| | - Wilson W S Ong
- Department of Chemistry 560 Oval Drive West Lafayette Indiana 47907-2084 USA
| | - Herman O Sintim
- Department of Chemistry 560 Oval Drive West Lafayette Indiana 47907-2084 USA
- Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University 720 Clinic Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
- Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
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26
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Clavé G, Reverte M, Vasseur JJ, Smietana M. Modified internucleoside linkages for nuclease-resistant oligonucleotides. RSC Chem Biol 2021; 2:94-150. [PMID: 34458777 PMCID: PMC8341215 DOI: 10.1039/d0cb00136h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past few years, several drugs derived from nucleic acids have been approved for commercialization and many more are in clinical trials. The sensitivity of these molecules to nuclease digestion in vivo implies the need to exploit resistant non-natural nucleotides. Among all the possible modifications, the one concerning the internucleoside linkage is of particular interest. Indeed minor changes to the natural phosphodiester may result in major modifications of the physico-chemical properties of nucleic acids. As this linkage is a key element of nucleic acids' chemical structures, its alteration can strongly modulate the plasma stability, binding properties, solubility, cell penetration and ultimately biological activity of nucleic acids. Over the past few decades, many research groups have provided knowledge about non-natural internucleoside linkage properties and participated in building biologically active nucleic acid derivatives. The recent renewing interest in nucleic acids as drugs, demonstrated by the emergence of new antisense, siRNA, aptamer and cyclic dinucleotide molecules, justifies the review of all these studies in order to provide new perspectives in this field. Thus, in this review we aim at providing the reader insights into modified internucleoside linkages that have been described over the years whose impact on annealing properties and resistance to nucleases have been evaluated in order to assess their potential for biological applications. The syntheses of modified nucleotides as well as the protocols developed for their incorporation within oligonucleotides are described. Given the intended biological applications, the modifications described in the literature that have not been tested for their resistance to nucleases are not reported.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maeva Reverte
- IBMM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM Montpellier France
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27
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Perciani CT, Liu LY, Wood L, MacParland SA. Enhancing Immunity with Nanomedicine: Employing Nanoparticles to Harness the Immune System. ACS NANO 2021; 15:7-20. [PMID: 33346646 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c08913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The failure of immune responses to vaccines and dysfunctional immune responses to viral infection, tumor development, or neoantigens lead to chronic viral infection, tumor progression, or incomplete immune protection after vaccination. Thus, strategies to boost host immunity are a topic of intense research and development. Engineered nanoparticles (NPs) possess immunological properties and can be modified to promote improved local immune responses. Nanoparticle-based approaches have been employed to enhance vaccine efficacy and host immune responses to viral and tumor antigens, with impressive results. In this Perspective, we present an overview of studies, such as the one reported by Alam et al. in this issue of ACS Nano, in which virus-like particles have been employed to enhance immunity. We review the cellular cornerstones of effective immunity and discuss how NPs can harness these interactions to overcome the current obstacles in vaccinology and oncology. We also discuss the barriers to effective NP-mediated immune priming including (1) NP delivery to the site of interest, (2) the quality of response elicited, and (3) the potential of the response to overcome immune escape. Through this Perspective, we aim to highlight the value of nanomedicine not only in delivering therapies but also in coordinating the enhancement of host immune responses. We provide a forward-looking outlook for future NP-based approaches and how they could be tailored to promote this outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catia T Perciani
- Ajmera Family Transplant Centre, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Lewis Y Liu
- Ajmera Family Transplant Centre, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, Room 6271, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Lawrence Wood
- Ajmera Family Transplant Centre, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, Room 6271, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Sonya A MacParland
- Ajmera Family Transplant Centre, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, Room 6271, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, Room 6271, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
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28
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Wu JJ, Zhao L, Han BB, Hu HG, Zhang BD, Li WH, Chen YX, Li YM. A novel STING agonist for cancer immunotherapy and a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine adjuvant. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 57:504-507. [PMID: 33331360 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06959k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A novel STING agonist, CDGSF, ipsilaterally modified with phosphorothioate and fluorine, was synthesized. The phosphorothioate in CDGSF might be a site for covalent conjugation. Injection of CDGSF generated an immunogenic ("hot") tumor microenvironment to suppress melanoma, more efficiently than dithio CDG. In particular, immunization with SARS-CoV-2 spike protein using CDGSF as an adjuvant elicited an exceptionally high antibody titer and a robust T cell response, overcoming the drawbacks of aluminum hydroxide. These results highlighted the therapeutic potential of CDGSF for cancer immunotherapy and the adjuvant potential of the STING agonist in the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jun Wu
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
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29
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Hu HG, Wu JJ, Zhang BD, Li WH, Li YM. Pam3CSK4-CDGSF Augments Antitumor Immunotherapy by Synergistically Activating TLR1/2 and STING. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 31:2499-2503. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Guo Hu
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Jun Wu
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
| | - Bo-Dou Zhang
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Hao Li
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Mei Li
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
- Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
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30
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Abstract
Personalized cancer vaccines (PCVs) are reinvigorating vaccine strategies in cancer immunotherapy. In contrast to adoptive T-cell therapy and checkpoint blockade, the PCV strategy modulates the innate and adaptive immune systems with broader activation to redeploy antitumor immunity with individualized tumor-specific antigens (neoantigens). Following a sequential scheme of tumor biopsy, mutation analysis, and epitope prediction, the administration of neoantigens with synthetic long peptide (SLP) or mRNA formulations dramatically improves the population and activity of antigen-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Despite the promising prospect of PCVs, there is still great potential for optimizing prevaccination procedures and vaccine potency. In particular, the arduous development of tumor-associated antigen (TAA)-based vaccines provides valuable experience and rational principles for augmenting vaccine potency which is expected to advance PCV through the design of adjuvants, delivery systems, and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) reversion since current personalized vaccination simply admixes antigens with adjuvants. Considering the broader application of TAA-based vaccine design, these two strategies complement each other and can lead to both personalized and universal therapeutic methods. Chemical strategies provide vast opportunities for (1) exploring novel adjuvants, including synthetic molecules and materials with optimizable activity, (2) constructing efficient and precise delivery systems to avoid systemic diffusion, improve biosafety, target secondary lymphoid organs, and enhance antigen presentation, and (3) combining bioengineering methods to innovate improvements in conventional vaccination, "smartly" re-educate the TME, and modulate antitumor immunity. As chemical strategies have proven versatility, reliability, and universality in the design of T cell- and B cell-based antitumor vaccines, the union of such numerous chemical methods in vaccine construction is expected to provide new vigor and vitality in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hao Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Mei Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, 100069 Beijing, China.,Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
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31
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Abstract
Cancer is a life-threatening disease, and immunotherapies have been developed as a novel, potent treatment for cancer. Adjuvants, used alone or in combination with other agents, play crucial roles in immune activation. This is necessary for cancer immunotherapy, particularly in the construction of therapeutic cancer vaccines. Adjuvants activate antigen-presenting cells and promote the presentation of antigen epitopes on major histocompatibility complex molecules, further enhancing adaptive immune responses, including cytotoxic T lymphocytes, to elicit cancer-cell death. However, the applications of adjuvants are limited by their poor efficacy or insufficient safety. In recent studies, researchers attempted to develop safe, efficacious adjuvants for cancer immunotherapy, and many compounds (including inorganic compounds, organic molecules, polymers, and colloids) have been identified and optimized as agonists of various pathways. In this review, we focus on the discovery and structural design of emerging adjuvants and discuss how these findings benefit healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Guo Hu
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Mei Li
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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32
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Liu Y, Yan B, Wang Z, Zhu H, Yin X, Wang K, Wang M, Zhao W. Design, Synthesis, and Preliminary Immunological Studies of MUC1-Based Antitumor Vaccines Adjuvanted with R- and S-FSL-1. ACS Med Chem Lett 2020; 11:1371-1376. [PMID: 32676142 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast stimulating lipopeptide 1 (FSL-1) is the ligand of TLR2 and TLR6 and can be used as the vaccine adjuvant to prepare antitumor vaccines. However, FSL-1 is a stereoisomeric mixture that contains the R stereoisomer and S stereoisomer, and it is still unclear which stereoisomer has better adjuvant activities. In this work, we designed and synthesized MUC1-based antitumor vaccines adjuvanted with the stereoisomers R-FSL-1 and S-FSL-1, which were synthesized from the stereoisomeric building blocks R-Fmoc-Pam2Cys-OH and S-Fmoc-Pam2Cys-OH, respectively. Immunological evaluation indicated that both R-FSL-1 and S-FSL-1 can be used as adjuvants for the construction of MUC1-based antitumor vaccines, with R-FSL-1 showing a better adjuvant effect than S-FSL-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research and KLMDASR of Tianjin, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Haihe Education Park, Tianjin 300353, P. R. China
| | - Bocheng Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research and KLMDASR of Tianjin, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Haihe Education Park, Tianjin 300353, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research and KLMDASR of Tianjin, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Haihe Education Park, Tianjin 300353, P. R. China
| | - Haomiao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research and KLMDASR of Tianjin, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Haihe Education Park, Tianjin 300353, P. R. China
| | - Xiaona Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research and KLMDASR of Tianjin, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Haihe Education Park, Tianjin 300353, P. R. China
| | - Kun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research and KLMDASR of Tianjin, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Haihe Education Park, Tianjin 300353, P. R. China
| | - Menglei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research and KLMDASR of Tianjin, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Haihe Education Park, Tianjin 300353, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research and KLMDASR of Tianjin, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Haihe Education Park, Tianjin 300353, P. R. China
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33
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Du JJ, Wang CW, Xu WB, Zhang L, Tang YK, Zhou SH, Gao XF, Yang GF, Guo J. Multifunctional Protein Conjugates with Built-in Adjuvant (Adjuvant-Protein-Antigen) as Cancer Vaccines Boost Potent Immune Responses. iScience 2020; 23:100935. [PMID: 32146328 PMCID: PMC7063246 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.100935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Many cancer vaccines are not successful in clinical trials, mainly due to the challenges associated with breaking immune tolerance. Herein, we report a new strategy using an adjuvant-protein-antigen (three-in-one protein conjugates with built-in adjuvant) as an anticancer vaccine, in which both the adjuvant (small-molecule TLR7 agonist) and tumor-associated antigen (mucin 1, MUC1) are covalently conjugated to the same carrier protein (BSA). It is shown that the protein conjugates with built-in adjuvant can increase adjuvant's stimulation, prevent adjuvant's systemic toxicities, facilitate the codelivery of adjuvants and antigens, and enhance humoral and cellular immune responses. The IgG antibody titers elicited by the self-adjuvanting three-in-one protein conjugates were significantly higher than those elicited by the vaccine mixed with TLR7 agonist (more than 15-fold) or other traditional adjuvants. Importantly, the potent immune responses against cancer cells suggest that this new vaccine construct is an effective strategy for the personalized antitumor immunotherapy. Adjuvant-protein-antigen protein conjugates act as new cancer vaccine strategy Built-in adjuvant of TLR7 agonist can reduce toxicities and enhance immune stimulations Three-in-one protein conjugates boost potent immune responses against cancer cells
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Du
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Bio-sensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Chang-Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Bio-sensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Wen-Bo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Bio-sensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Lian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Bio-sensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Yuan-Kai Tang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Bio-sensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Shi-Hao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Bio-sensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Gao
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, China
| | - Guang-Fu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Bio-sensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China.
| | - Jun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Bio-sensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China.
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34
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Chen PG, Hu HG, Sun ZY, Li QQ, Zhang BD, Wu JJ, Li WH, Zhao YF, Chen YX, Li YM. Fully Synthetic Invariant NKT Cell-Dependent Self-Adjuvanting Antitumor Vaccines Eliciting Potent Immune Response in Mice. Mol Pharm 2019; 17:417-425. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pu-Guang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (the Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Guo Hu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (the Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Zhan-Yi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (the Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Qian-Qian Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (the Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Bo-Dou Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (the Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Jun-Jun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (the Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Hao Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (the Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Fen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (the Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Xiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (the Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Mei Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (the Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, 100069 Beijing, China
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35
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Wu J, Zhao L, Hu H, Li W, Li Y. Agonists and inhibitors of the STING pathway: Potential agents for immunotherapy. Med Res Rev 2019; 40:1117-1141. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun‐Jun Wu
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical BiologyDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Lang Zhao
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical BiologyDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Hong‐Guo Hu
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical BiologyDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Wen‐Hao Li
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical BiologyDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Yan‐Mei Li
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical BiologyDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing China
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Beijing China
- Center for Synthetic and Systems BiologyTsinghua University Beijing China
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36
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Du JJ, Zou SY, Chen XZ, Xu WB, Wang CW, Zhang L, Tang YK, Zhou SH, Wang J, Yin XG, Gao XF, Liu Z, Guo J. Liposomal Antitumor Vaccines Targeting Mucin 1 Elicit a Lipid-Dependent Immunodominant Response. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:2116-2121. [PMID: 31042017 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The tumor-associated antigen mucin 1 (MUC1) has been pursued as an attractive target for cancer immunotherapy, but the poor immunogenicity of the endogenous antigen hinders the development of vaccines capable of inducing effective anti-MUC1 immunodominant responses. Herein, we prepared synthetic anti-MUC1 vaccines in which the hydrophilic MUC1 antigen was N-terminally conjugated to one or two palmitoyl lipid chains (to form amphiphilic Pam-MUC1 or Pam2 -MUC1). These amphiphilic lipid-tailed MUC1 antigens were self-assembled into liposomes containing the NKT cell agonist αGalCer as an adjuvant. The lipid-conjugated antigens reshaped the physical and morphological properties of liposomal vaccines. Promising results showed that the anti-MUC1 IgG antibody titers induced by the Pam2 -MUC1 vaccine were more than 30- and 190-fold higher than those induced by the Pam-MUC1 vaccine and the MUC1 vaccine without lipid tails, respectively. Similarly, vaccines with the TLR1/2 agonist Pam3 CSK4 as an adjuvant also induced conjugated lipid-dependent immunological responses. Moreover, vaccines with the αGalCer adjuvant induced significantly higher titers of IgG antibodies than vaccines with the Pam3 CSK4 adjuvant. Therefore, the non-covalent assembly of the amphiphilic lipo-MUC1 antigen and the NKT cell agonist αGalCer as a glycolipid adjuvant represent a synthetically simple but immunologically effective approach for the development of anti-MUC1 cancer vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Du
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China
| | - Shi-Yao Zou
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China
| | - Xiang-Zhao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China
| | - Wen-Bo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China
| | - Chang-Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China
| | - Lian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China
| | - Yuan-Kai Tang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China
| | - Shi-Hao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China
| | - Xu-Guang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Gao
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China
| | - Jun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China
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