1
|
Qiao X, Corkett AJ, Müller PC, Wu X, Zhang L, Wu D, Wang Y, Cai G, Wang C, Yin Y, Wang Z, Wang L, Dronskowski R, Lu J, Sun J. Zinc Dicyanamide: A Potential High-Capacity Negative Electrode for Li-Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:43574-43581. [PMID: 39115112 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c07814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
We demonstrate that the β-polymorph of zinc dicyanamide, Zn[N(CN)2]2, can be efficiently used as a negative electrode material for lithium-ion batteries. Zn[N(CN)2]2 exhibits an unconventional increased capacity upon cycling with a maximum capacity of about 650 mAh·g-1 after 250 cycles at 0.5C, an increase of almost 250%, and then maintaining a large reversible capacity of more than 600 mAh·g-1 for 150 cycles. Such an increased capacity is primarily attributed to the increased level of activity in the conversion reaction. A combination of conversion-type and alloy-type mechanisms is revealed in this anode material via advanced characterization studies and theoretical calculations. This mechanism, observed here for the first time in transition-metal dicyanamides, is probably responsible for the outstanding electrochemical performance. We believe that this study guides the development of new high-capacity anode materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianji Qiao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Quzhou Institute of Power Battery and Grid Energy Storage, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Alex J Corkett
- Chair of Solid-State and Quantum Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Peter C Müller
- Chair of Solid-State and Quantum Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Xiaofan Wu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Jilin Engineering Normal University, College of Biological and Food Engineering, Changchun 130052, China
| | - Dan Wu
- Taian Institute of Quality and Technical Inspection and Testing, No. 395 Daizong Road, Taishan Zone, Taian 271000, China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Guohong Cai
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Canpei Wang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yufeng Yin
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Hanon Advanced Technology Group Co., Ltd., HanYuJinGu Business Center, No. 7000 Jingshi Road, Hi-Tech Development Zone, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Liguang Wang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Quzhou Institute of Power Battery and Grid Energy Storage, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Richard Dronskowski
- Chair of Solid-State and Quantum Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jun Lu
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Quzhou Institute of Power Battery and Grid Energy Storage, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Junliang Sun
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li H, Wu F, Guo P, Zhao S, Qian M, Yu C, Yang N, Cui M, Yang N, Wang J, Su Y, Tan G. Optimized Phase and Crystallinity of Cr 2(NCN) 3 Dominating Electrochemical Lithium Storage Performance. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:8525-8534. [PMID: 38954769 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c01091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Cr2(NCN)3 is a potentially high-capacity and fast-charge Li-ion anode owing to its abundant and broad tunnels. However, high intrinsic chemical instability severely restricts its capacity output and electrochemical reversibility. Herein we report an effective crystalline engineering method for optimizing its phase and crystallinity. Systematic studies reveal the relevancy between electrochemical performance and crystalline structure; an optimal Cr2(NCN)3 with high phase purity and uniform crystallinity exhibits a high reversible capacity of 590 mAh g-1 and a stable cycling performance of 478 mAh g-1 after 500 cycles. In-operando heating XRD reveals its high thermodynamical stability over 600 °C, and in-operando electrochemical XRD proves its electrochemical Li storage mechanism, consisting of the primary Li-ion intercalation and subsequent conversion reactions. This study introduces a facile and low-cost method for fabricating high-purity Cr2(NCN)3, and it also confirms that the Li storage of Cr2(NCN)3 can be further improved by tuning its phase and crystallinity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanlou Li
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Feng Wu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Penghui Guo
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Silong Zhao
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Mengmeng Qian
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Chuguang Yu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Ningning Yang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Mokai Cui
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Ni Yang
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Yuefeng Su
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Guoqiang Tan
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401120, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Aslandukov A, Liang A, Ehn A, Trybel F, Yin Y, Aslandukova A, Akbar FI, Ranieri U, Spender J, Howie RT, Bright EL, Wright J, Hanfland M, Garbarino G, Mezouar M, Fedotenko T, Abrikosov IA, Dubrovinskaia N, Dubrovinsky L, Laniel D. Synthesis of LaCN 3, TbCN 3, CeCN 5, and TbCN 5 Polycarbonitrides at Megabar Pressures. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:18161-18171. [PMID: 38916483 PMCID: PMC11229003 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c06068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Inorganic ternary metal-C-N compounds with covalently bonded C-N anions encompass important classes of solids such as cyanides and carbodiimides, well known at ambient conditions and composed of [CN]- and [CN2]2- anions, as well as the high-pressure formed guanidinates featuring [CN3]5- anion. At still higher pressures, carbon is expected to be 4-fold coordinated by nitrogen atoms, but hitherto, such CN4-built anions are missing. In this study, four polycarbonitride compounds (LaCN3, TbCN3, CeCN5, and TbCN5) are synthesized in laser-heated diamond anvil cells at pressures between 90 and 111 GPa. Synchrotron single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) reveals that their crystal structures are built of a previously unobserved anionic single-bonded carbon-nitrogen three-dimensional (3D) framework consisting of CN4 tetrahedra connected via di- or oligo-nitrogen linkers. A crystal-chemical analysis demonstrates that these polycarbonitride compounds have similarities to lanthanide silicon phosphides. Decompression experiments reveal the existence of LaCN3 and CeCN5 compounds over a very large pressure range. Density functional theory (DFT) supports these discoveries and provides further insight into the stability and physical properties of the synthesized compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Aslandukov
- Bavarian
Research Institute of Experimental Geochemistry and Geophysics (BGI), University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
- Material
Physics and Technology at Extreme Conditions, Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Akun Liang
- Centre
for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, EH9 3FD Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda Ehn
- Department
of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Florian Trybel
- Department
of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Yuqing Yin
- Department
of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Alena Aslandukova
- Bavarian
Research Institute of Experimental Geochemistry and Geophysics (BGI), University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Fariia I. Akbar
- Bavarian
Research Institute of Experimental Geochemistry and Geophysics (BGI), University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Umbertoluca Ranieri
- Centre
for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, EH9 3FD Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - James Spender
- Centre
for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, EH9 3FD Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Ross T. Howie
- Centre
for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, EH9 3FD Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jonathan Wright
- European
Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | | | - Mohamed Mezouar
- European
Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Timofey Fedotenko
- Photon Science,
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Igor A. Abrikosov
- Department
of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Natalia Dubrovinskaia
- Material
Physics and Technology at Extreme Conditions, Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
- Department
of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Leonid Dubrovinsky
- Bavarian
Research Institute of Experimental Geochemistry and Geophysics (BGI), University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Dominique Laniel
- Centre
for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, EH9 3FD Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Aslandukov A, Jurzick PL, Bykov M, Aslandukova A, Chanyshev A, Laniel D, Yin Y, Akbar FI, Khandarkhaeva S, Fedotenko T, Glazyrin K, Chariton S, Prakapenka V, Wilhelm F, Rogalev A, Comboni D, Hanfland M, Dubrovinskaia N, Dubrovinsky L. Stabilization Of The CN 3 5- Anion In Recoverable High-pressure Ln 3 O 2 (CN 3 ) (Ln=La, Eu, Gd, Tb, Ho, Yb) Oxoguanidinates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202311516. [PMID: 37768278 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
A series of isostructural Ln3 O2 (CN3 ) (Ln=La, Eu, Gd, Tb, Ho, Yb) oxoguanidinates was synthesized under high-pressure (25-54 GPa) high-temperature (2000-3000 K) conditions in laser-heated diamond anvil cells. The crystal structure of this novel class of compounds was determined via synchrotron single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) as well as corroborated by X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) measurements and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The Ln3 O2 (CN3 ) solids are composed of the hitherto unknown CN3 5- guanidinate anion-deprotonated guanidine. Changes in unit cell volumes and compressibility of Ln3 O2 (CN3 ) (Ln=La, Eu, Gd, Tb, Ho, Yb) compounds are found to be dictated by the lanthanide contraction phenomenon. Decompression experiments show that Ln3 O2 (CN3 ) compounds are recoverable to ambient conditions. The stabilization of the CN3 5- guanidinate anion at ambient conditions provides new opportunities in inorganic and organic synthetic chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Aslandukov
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Universitätstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
- Material Physics and Technology at Extreme Conditions, Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Bayreuth, Universitätstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Pascal L Jurzick
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstrasse 6, 50939, Cologne, Germany
| | - Maxim Bykov
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstrasse 6, 50939, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alena Aslandukova
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Universitätstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Artem Chanyshev
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Universitätstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Dominique Laniel
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Yuqing Yin
- Material Physics and Technology at Extreme Conditions, Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Bayreuth, Universitätstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Fariia I Akbar
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Universitätstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Saiana Khandarkhaeva
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Universitätstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Timofey Fedotenko
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Konstantin Glazyrin
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stella Chariton
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60637, USA
| | - Vitali Prakapenka
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60637, USA
| | - Fabrice Wilhelm
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility BP 220, 38043, Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - Andrei Rogalev
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility BP 220, 38043, Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - Davide Comboni
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility BP 220, 38043, Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - Michael Hanfland
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility BP 220, 38043, Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - Natalia Dubrovinskaia
- Material Physics and Technology at Extreme Conditions, Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Bayreuth, Universitätstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, SE-581 83, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Leonid Dubrovinsky
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Universitätstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Platek-Mielczarek A, Lang J, Töpperwien F, Walde D, Scherer M, Taylor DP, Schutzius TM. Engineering Electrode Rinse Solution Fluidics for Carbon-Based Reverse Electrodialysis Devices. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:48826-48837. [PMID: 37812816 PMCID: PMC10591279 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Natural salinity gradients are a promising source of so-called "blue energy", a renewable energy source that utilizes the free energy of mixing for power generation. One promising blue energy technology that converts these salinity gradients directly into electricity is reverse electrodialysis (RED). Used at its full potential, it could provide a substantial portion of the world's electricity consumption. Previous theoretical and experimental works have been done on optimizing RED devices, with the latter often focusing on precious and expensive metal electrodes. However, in order to rationally design and apply RED devices, we need to investigate all related transport phenomena─especially the fluidics of salinity gradient mixing and the redox electrolyte at various concentrations, which can have complex intertwined effects─in a fully functioning and scalable system. Here, guided by fundamental electrochemical and fluid dynamics theories, we work with an iron-based redox electrolyte with carbon electrodes in a RED device with tunable microfluidic environments and study the fundamental effects of electrolyte concentration and flow rate on the potential-driven redox activity and power output. We focus on optimizing the net power output, which is the difference between the gross power output generated by the RED device and the pumping power input, needed for salinity gradient mixing and redox electrolyte reactions. We find through this holistic approach that the electrolyte concentration in the electrode rinse solution is crucial for increasing the electrical current, while the pumping power input depends nonlinearly on the membrane separation distance. Finally, from this understanding, we designed a five cell-pair (CP) RED device that achieved a net power density of 224 mW m-2 CP-1, a 60% improvement compared to the nonoptimized case. This study highlights the importance of the electrode rinse solution fluidics and composition when rationally designing RED devices based on scalable carbon-based electrodes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anetta Platek-Mielczarek
- Laboratory
for Multiphase Thermofluidics and Surface Nanoengineering, Department
of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH
Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, Zurich CH-8092, Switzerland
| | - Johanna Lang
- Laboratory
for Multiphase Thermofluidics and Surface Nanoengineering, Department
of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH
Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, Zurich CH-8092, Switzerland
| | - Feline Töpperwien
- Laboratory
for Multiphase Thermofluidics and Surface Nanoengineering, Department
of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH
Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, Zurich CH-8092, Switzerland
| | - Dario Walde
- Laboratory
for Multiphase Thermofluidics and Surface Nanoengineering, Department
of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH
Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, Zurich CH-8092, Switzerland
| | - Muriel Scherer
- Laboratory
for Multiphase Thermofluidics and Surface Nanoengineering, Department
of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH
Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, Zurich CH-8092, Switzerland
| | - David P. Taylor
- Laboratory
of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical
and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Thomas M. Schutzius
- Laboratory
for Multiphase Thermofluidics and Surface Nanoengineering, Department
of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH
Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, Zurich CH-8092, Switzerland
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen D, Wang Y, Dronskowski R. Computational Design and Theoretical Properties of WC 3N 6, an H-Free Melaminate and Potential Multifunctional Material. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:6986-6993. [PMID: 36920250 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c00631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
By means of first-principles theory, existence, synthetic conditions, and structural as well as physicochemical properties have been predicted for the first hydrogen-free melaminate salt of the composition WC3N6. We find at least two energetically favorable polymorphs adopting space groups P1 and P3, both of which are layer-like porous materials. In addition to sizable Madelung fields stabilizing saltlike WC3N6, the complex C3N66- anions are connected via perfectly optimized W-N bonds, forming WN5 in the P1 and WN6 coordination polyhedra in the P3 polymorphs. The band gaps of the P1 and P3 phases are HSE-predicted as 2.25 and 1.21 eV, respectively, significantly smaller than those of g-C3N4 and WO3. Moreover, both phases have suitable band-edge potentials that may provide sufficient driving force for photocatalytic water splitting; at least for the P1 phase, there is also a reasonable chance for reduced electron-hole recombination. In addition, the polymorphs's large optical absorption coefficients should greatly enhance the photocatalytic performance. WC3N6 defines a new class of compounds and has unique structural characteristics, mirrored from its electrical and optical properties, and it should provide another chemical path for preparing efficient photocatalysts and optoelectronic devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Da Chen
- Hoffmann Institute of Advanced Materials, Shenzhen Polytechnic, 518055 Shenzhen, China.,Chair of Solid-State and Quantum Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - YiXu Wang
- Chair of Solid-State and Quantum Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Richard Dronskowski
- Hoffmann Institute of Advanced Materials, Shenzhen Polytechnic, 518055 Shenzhen, China.,Chair of Solid-State and Quantum Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pöttgen R, Corkett AJ, Dronskowski R. NiAs-derived cyanamide (carbodiimide) structures – a group-theoretical view. Z KRIST-CRYST MATER 2023. [DOI: 10.1515/zkri-2022-0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The cyanamide and carbodiimide anions are complex nitrogen-derived one-dimensional species of the type NCN2− (hence, resembling O2− but more covalently bonding) that form a huge number of salt-like phases with a variety of metal cations stemming from the whole Periodic Table. Depending on the coloring (binary, ternary and quaternary salts are known), the cationic size and charge as well as covalent contributions, different distortion (tilting in particular) and/or vacancy ordering variants of cyanamides/carbodiimides occur. Herein we summarize those cyanamide/carbodiimide structures that derive from the aristotype NiAs. The crystal chemistry is discussed on the basis of group-subgroup schemes (Bärnighausen trees).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Pöttgen
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie , Universität Münster , Corrensstrasse 30 , 48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Alex J. Corkett
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , RWTH Aachen University , 52056 Aachen , Germany
| | - Richard Dronskowski
- Chair of Solid-State and Quantum Chemistry , Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University , 52056 Aachen , Germany
- Hoffmann Institute of Advanced Materials , Shenzhen Polytechnic , 7098 Liuxian Blvd , Nanshan District , Shenzhen , China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Corkett AJ, Chen Z, Ertural C, Slabon A, Dronskowski R. Synthetic Engineering in Na 2MSn 2(NCN) 6 (M = Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni) Based on Electronic Structure Theory. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:18221-18228. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex J. Corkett
- Chair of Solid-State and Quantum Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52056Aachen, Germany
| | - Zheng Chen
- Chair of Solid-State and Quantum Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52056Aachen, Germany
| | - Christina Ertural
- Chair of Solid-State and Quantum Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52056Aachen, Germany
| | - Adam Slabon
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstrasse 20, 42119Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Richard Dronskowski
- Chair of Solid-State and Quantum Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52056Aachen, Germany
- Hoffmann Institute of Advanced Materials, Shenzhen Polytechnic, 7098 Liuxian Blvd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen518071, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Facile synthesis of two novel micro Ag-Cyanamide derivatives and different approach of 4-CyBA preparation, characterization and in vitro evaluations (anti-bacterial and toxicity properties). J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
10
|
Qi H, Hou Y, Wang W, Tang L, Zhang C, Deng W, Cheng Y, Zhang J. Controlled phase and crystallinity of FeNCN/NC dominating sodium storage performance. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:8223-8233. [PMID: 35575132 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00924b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
FeNCN is a potentially fast-charging sodium ion anode due to the presence of lots of broad tunnels and its high electronic conductivity. However, FeNCN has been rarely investigated due to its complicated synthetic process and unclear synthetic mechanism, which affect the precise control of its phase and crystallinity. In this work, phase- and crystallinity-controlled FeNCN polyhedrons grown on nitrogen-doped carbon (FeNCN/NC) are successfully fabricated by adjusting the growing time and temperature. Moreover, the synthesis mechanism is disclosed in this paper. High-crystallinity FeNCN grows along the [001] direction, which exposes sufficient broad channels on the {010} planes and significantly improves the diffusion rate of sodium ions. Moreover, high-crystallinity FeNCN exhibits higher mechanical strength, which reduces its pulverization rate and endows it with durable cycling stability. When applied as an anode in a sodium-ion battery, high-crystallinity FeNCN/NC exhibits a high rate capability of 332 mA h g-1 at 5.0 A g-1 and a stable cycling performance of 368 mA h g-1 after 300 cycles at a high current density of 1.0 A g-1. This work confirms that the sodium-ion storage performance of FeNCN can be further improved by tuning its crystallinity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Qi
- School of Mechatronic Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Shaanxi, 710021, China.
| | - Yan Hou
- School of Mechatronic Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Shaanxi, 710021, China.
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Lin Tang
- School of Mechatronic Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Shaanxi, 710021, China.
| | - Chuanyun Zhang
- School of Mechatronic Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Shaanxi, 710021, China.
| | - Wen Deng
- School of Mechatronic Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Shaanxi, 710021, China.
| | - Yayi Cheng
- School of Materials Engineering, Xi'an Aeronautical University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- School of Mechatronic Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Shaanxi, 710021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Pandit B, Fraisse B, Stievano L, Monconduit L, Sougrati MT. Carbon-coated FePO4 nanoparticles as stable cathode for Na-ion batteries: A promising full cell with a Na15Pb4 anode. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.139997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
12
|
Qi H, Zhao C, Huang J, He C, Tang L, Deng W. Metastable FeCN 2@nitrogen-doped carbon with high pseudocapacitance as an anode material for sodium ion batteries. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:780-789. [PMID: 34951433 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr06705b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pseudocapacitive materials are good candidates for fast charging anodes of sodium ion batteries (SIB). However, pseudocapacitive materials with a high surface area face the severe problem of low initial coulombic efficiency. In this work, micro-sized nitrogen-doped carbon (NC) coated and supported polyhedron FeCN2 networks are designed and synthesized by a facile in situ gel-swelling technique. Impressively, FeCN2@NC as an SIB anode exhibits excellent rate performance with highly reversible rate capacities of 466 and 303 mA h g-1 at 0.2 and 10.0 A g-1, respectively. Furthermore, the FeCN2@NC anode shows a high initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) of 86% due to a low surface area. Electrochemical tests and density functional theory (DFT) calculation indicate that the metastable character enables the low intercalation/conversion reaction energy for FeCN2 and further greatly promotes the fast pseudocapacitive storage mechanism for FeCN2@NC. This work provides evidence that FeCN2 is a new type of metastability induced pseudocapacitive material with high initial coulombic efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Qi
- School of Mechatronic Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, China.
| | - Chenxu Zhao
- School of Mechatronic Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, China.
| | - Jianfeng Huang
- Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China.
| | - Chaozheng He
- School of Mechatronic Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, China.
| | - Lin Tang
- School of Mechatronic Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, China.
| | - Wen Deng
- School of Mechatronic Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Braun C, Mereacre L, Ehrenberg H. PbCN2 – an elucidation of its modifications and morphologies. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION B-A JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2021-0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Concerning the crystal structure of PbCN2 there exist two different descriptions in the literature, one based on the non-centrosymmetric structure, space group Pna21, another one on the centrosymmetric one in space group Pnma. To elucidate the conditions for their appearance, comprehensive preparative and structural investigations have been conducted which proved the existence of two distinct modifications of PbCN2. A detailed comparison of the two phases is provided. The growth conditions and crystallization processes of the two PbCN2 structures are reported with focus on the influence of the pH value on the products. Depending on the growth conditions several different morphologies arise, namely PbCN2 in needle-shaped and platelet-shaped crystals, as well as pompon-shaped and lance-shaped crystals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cordula Braun
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Applied Materials (IAM) , Herrmann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 , D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen , Germany
| | - Liuda Mereacre
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Applied Materials (IAM) , Herrmann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 , D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen , Germany
| | - Helmut Ehrenberg
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Applied Materials (IAM) , Herrmann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 , D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
14N, 13C, and 119Sn solid-state NMR characterization of tin(II) carbodiimide Sn(NCN). ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION B-A JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2021-0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
We report the first magic-angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) study on Sn(NCN). In this compound the spatially elongated (NCN)2− ion is assumed to develop two distinct forms: either cyanamide (N≡C–N2−) or carbodiimide (−N=C=N−). Our 14N MAS NMR results reveal that in Sn(NCN) the (NCN)2− groups exist exclusively in the form of symmetric carbodiimide ions with two equivalent nitrogen sites, which is in agreement with the X-ray diffraction data. The 14N quadrupolar coupling constant
|
C
Q
|
$\vert {C}_{\text{Q}}\vert $
≈ 1.1 MHz for the −N=C=N− ion in Sn(NCN) is low when compared to those observed in molecular compounds that comprise cyano-type N≡C– moieties (
|
C
Q
|
$\vert {C}_{\text{Q}}\vert $
> 3.5 MHz). This together with the information from 14N and 13C chemical shifts indicates that solid-state NMR is a powerful tool for providing atomic-level insights into anion species present in these compounds. The experimental NMR results are corroborated by high-level calculations with quantum chemistry methods.
Collapse
|
15
|
Löber M, Ströbele M, Meyer H. Synthesis and crystal structure of Pb
14.66
Sn
7.34
Br
26
(CN
2
)
7
O
2,
a complex member of group 14 carbodiimides. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202100273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Löber
- Section for Solid State and Theoretical Inorganic Chemistry Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Eberhard Karls University Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 D-72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Markus Ströbele
- Section for Solid State and Theoretical Inorganic Chemistry Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Eberhard Karls University Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 D-72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Hans‐Jürgen Meyer
- Section for Solid State and Theoretical Inorganic Chemistry Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Eberhard Karls University Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 D-72076 Tübingen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chen H, Xiang H. First low-spin carbodiimide, Fe2(NCN)3, predicted from first-principles investigations. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION B-A JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2021-0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The structural stability and physical properties of the Fe(III) carbodiimide Fe2(NCN)3 were studied by use of density functional theory. The results indicate that Fe2(NCN)3 (space group
R
3
‾
c
$R‾{3}c$
) is stable both thermodynamically and mechanically. The electronic structure in combination with the phonon dispersion relations suggest that the title compound should be ferromagnetic and half-metallic, and that the Fe3+ ions are in the low-spin state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University , 4800 Cao’an Road , Shanghai 201804 , P. R. China
| | - Hongping Xiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University , 4800 Cao’an Road , Shanghai 201804 , P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Li J, Wang R, Guo P, Liu X, Hu Y, Xu Z, Liu Y, Cao L, Huang J, Kajiyoshi K. Realizing Fast Charge Diffusion in Oriented Iron Carbodiimide Structure for High-Rate Sodium-Ion Storage Performance. ACS NANO 2021; 15:6410-6419. [PMID: 33844511 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c08314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Iron carbodiimide (FeNCN) belongs to a type of metal compounds with a more covalent bonding structure compared to common transition metal oxides. It could provide possibilities for various structural designs with improved charge-transfer kinetics in battery systems. Moreover, these possibilities are still highly expected for promoting enhancement in rate performance of sodium (Na)-ion battery. Herein, oriented FeNCN crystallites were grown on the carbon-based substrate with exposed {010} faces along the [001] direction (O-FeNCN/S). It provides a high Na-ion storage capacity with excellent rate capability (680 mAh g-1 at 0.2 A g-1 and 360 mAh g-1 at 20 A g-1), presenting rapid charge-transfer kinetics with high contribution of pseudocapacitance during a typical conversion reaction. This high rate performance is attributed to the oriented morphology of FeNCN crystallites. Its orientation along [001] maintains preferred Na-ion diffusion along the two directions in the entire morphology of O-FeNCN/S, supporting fast Na-ion storage kinetics during the charge/discharge process. This study could provide ideas toward the understanding of the rational structural design of metal carbodiimides for attaining high electrochemical performance in future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayin Li
- School of Material Science & Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Rong Wang
- School of Material Science & Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Penghui Guo
- School of Material Science & Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Xing Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Yunfei Hu
- School of Material Science & Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Zhanwei Xu
- School of Material Science & Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Yijun Liu
- Mona Lisa Group Co., Ltd., Foshan 528211, China
| | - Liyun Cao
- School of Material Science & Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Jianfeng Huang
- School of Material Science & Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Koji Kajiyoshi
- Research Laboratory of Hydrothermal Chemistry, Kochi University, Kochi 780-8520, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Luo D, Qiao X, Dronskowski R. Predicting Nitrogen-Based Families of Compounds: Transition-Metal Guanidinates TCN 3 (T=V, Nb, Ta) and Ortho-Nitrido Carbonates T' 2 CN 4 (T'=Ti, Zr, Hf). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:486-492. [PMID: 33001558 PMCID: PMC7821139 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Due to its unsurpassed capability to engage in various sp hybridizations or orbital mixings, carbon may contribute in expanding solid-state nitrogen chemistry by allowing for different complex anions, such as the known NCN2- carbodiimide unit, the so far unknown CN3 5- guanidinate anion, and the likewise unknown CN4 8- ortho-nitrido carbonate (onc) entity. Because the latter two complex anions have never been observed before, we have chemically designed them using first-principles structural searches, and we here predict the first hydrogen-free guanidinates TCN3 (T=V, Nb, Ta) and ortho-nitrido carbonates T'2 CN4 (T'=Ti, Zr, Hf) being mechanically stable at normal pressure; the latter should coexist as solid solutions with the stoichiometrically identical nitride carbodiimides and nitride guanidinates. We also suggest favorable exothermic reactions as useful signposts for eventual synthesis, and we trust that the decay of the novel compounds is unlikely due to presumably large kinetic activation barriers (C-N bond breaking) and quite substantial Madelung energies stabilizing the highly charged complex anions. While chemical-bonding analysis reveals the novel CN4 8- to be more covalent compared to NCN2- and CN3 5- within related compounds, further electronic-structure data of onc phases hint at their physicochemical potential in terms of photoelectrochemical water splitting and nonlinear optics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongbao Luo
- Hoffmann Institute of Advanced MaterialsShenzhen Polytechnic7098 Liuxian Blvd, Nanshan DistrictShenzhenChina
- Chair of Solid-State and Quantum ChemistryInstitute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen University52056AachenGermany
| | - Xianji Qiao
- Chair of Solid-State and Quantum ChemistryInstitute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen University52056AachenGermany
| | - Richard Dronskowski
- Hoffmann Institute of Advanced MaterialsShenzhen Polytechnic7098 Liuxian Blvd, Nanshan DistrictShenzhenChina
- Chair of Solid-State and Quantum ChemistryInstitute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen University52056AachenGermany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Luo D, Qiao X, Dronskowski R. Vorhersage stickstoffbasierter Verbindungsklassen: Guanidinate
T
CN
3
(
T
=V, Nb, Ta) und Orthonitridocarbonate
T′
2
CN
4
(
T′
=Ti, Zr, Hf) von Übergangsmetallen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongbao Luo
- Hoffmann Institute of Advanced Materials Shenzhen Polytechnic 7098 Liuxian Blvd, Bezirk Nanshan Shenzhen China
- Lehrstuhl für Festkörper- und Quantenchemie Institut für Anorganische Chemie RWTH Aachen University 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Xianji Qiao
- Lehrstuhl für Festkörper- und Quantenchemie Institut für Anorganische Chemie RWTH Aachen University 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Richard Dronskowski
- Hoffmann Institute of Advanced Materials Shenzhen Polytechnic 7098 Liuxian Blvd, Bezirk Nanshan Shenzhen China
- Lehrstuhl für Festkörper- und Quantenchemie Institut für Anorganische Chemie RWTH Aachen University 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
He X, Yan B, Ni C, Zhao Y, Yang Z, Ma X. Sodium as High‐efficient Catalyst in Hydroboration of Unsaturated Compounds. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xing He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China
| | - Ben Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China
| | - Congjian Ni
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China
| | - Yunzhou Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China
| | - Zhi Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Qiao X, Ma Z, Luo D, Corkett AJ, Slabon A, Rokicinska A, Kuśtrowski P, Dronskowski R. Metathetic synthesis of lead cyanamide as a p-type semiconductor. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:14061-14067. [PMID: 32945813 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02677h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Lead cyanamide PbNCN was synthesized by solid-state metathesis between PbCl2 and Na2NCN in a 1 : 1 molar ratio, and its structure was confirmed from Rietveld refinement of X-ray data. Electronic-structure calculations of HSE06 density-functional type reveal PbNCN to be an indirect semiconductor with a band gap of 2.4 eV, in remarkable quantitative agreement with the measured value. Mott-Schottky experiments demonstrate PbNCN to be a p-type semiconductor with a flat-band potential of 2.3 eV vs. the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) which is commonly used to estimate the value of the valence band edge position. Moreover, thin films of powderous PbNCN were assembled into a photoelectrode for photoelectrochemical water splitting. On the example of p-type PbNCN, this study provides the first experimental evidence that MNCN compounds can be applied as photocathodes for reductive reactions in photoelectrochemical cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianji Qiao
- Chair of Solid-State and Quantum Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Zili Ma
- Chair of Solid-State and Quantum Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Dongbao Luo
- Chair of Solid-State and Quantum Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany. and Hoffmann Institute of Advanced Materials, Shenzhen Polytechnic, 7098 Liuxian Blvd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, China
| | - Alex J Corkett
- Chair of Solid-State and Quantum Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Adam Slabon
- Department of Materials and Environment Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16 C, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Rokicinska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Piotr Kuśtrowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Richard Dronskowski
- Chair of Solid-State and Quantum Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany. and Hoffmann Institute of Advanced Materials, Shenzhen Polytechnic, 7098 Liuxian Blvd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Braun C, Mereacre L, Hua W, Stürzer T, Ponomarev I, Kroll P, Slabon A, Chen Z, Damour Y, Rocquefelte X, Halet J, Indris S. SnCN
2
: A Carbodiimide with an Innovative Approach for Energy Storage Systems and Phosphors in Modern LED Technology. ChemElectroChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202000765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cordula Braun
- Institute for Applied Materials (IAM) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Herrmann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Liuda Mereacre
- Institute for Applied Materials (IAM) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Herrmann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Weibo Hua
- Institute for Applied Materials (IAM) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Herrmann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Tobias Stürzer
- Bruker AXS GmbH Oestliche Rheinbrueckenstr. 49 76187 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Ilia Ponomarev
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of Texas at Arlington Arlington Texas 76019-0065 TX USA
| | - Peter Kroll
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of Texas at Arlington Arlington Texas 76019-0065 TX USA
| | - Adam Slabon
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry Stockholm University Svante Arrhenius väg 16 C 106 91 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Zheng Chen
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Germany
| | - Yann Damour
- Univ. Rennes - CNRS Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Xavier Rocquefelte
- Univ. Rennes - CNRS Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Jean‐François Halet
- Univ. Rennes - CNRS Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Sylvio Indris
- Institute for Applied Materials (IAM) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Herrmann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Chen Z, Corkett AJ, de Bruin-Dickason C, Chen J, Rokicińska A, Kuśtrowski P, Dronskowski R, Slabon A. Tailoring the Surface Properties of Bi 2O 2NCN by in Situ Activation for Augmented Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation on WO 3 and CuWO 4 Heterojunction Photoanodes. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:13589-13597. [PMID: 32886498 PMCID: PMC7509841 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Bismuth(III) oxide-carbodiimide
(Bi2O2NCN)
has been recently discovered as a novel mixed-anion semiconductor,
which is structurally related to bismuth oxides and oxysulfides. Given
the structural versatility of these layered structures, we investigated
the unexplored photochemical properties of the target compound for
photoelectrochemical (PEC) water oxidation. Although Bi2O2NCN does not generate a noticeable photocurrent as a
single photoabsorber, the fabrication of heterojunctions with the
WO3 thin film electrode shows an upsurge of current density
from 0.9 to 1.1 mA cm–2 at 1.23 V vs reversible
hydrogen electrode (RHE) under 1 sun (AM 1.5G) illumination in phosphate
electrolyte (pH 7.0). Mechanistic analysis and structural analysis
using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy
(SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning transmission
electron microscopy energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (STEM EDX)
indicate that Bi2O2NCN transforms during operating
conditions in situ to a core–shell structure
Bi2O2NCN/BiPO4. When compared to
WO3/BiPO4, the in situ electrolyte-activated
WO3/Bi2O2NCN photoanode shows a higher
photocurrent density due to superior charge separation across the
oxide/oxide-carbodiimide interface layer. Changing the electrolyte
from phosphate to sulfate results in a lower photocurrent and shows
that the electrolyte determines the surface chemistry and mediates
the PEC activity of the metal oxide-carbodiimide. A similar trend
could be observed for CuWO4 thin film photoanodes. These
results show the potential of metal oxide-carbodiimides as relatively
novel representatives of mixed-anion compounds and shed light on the
importance of the control over the surface chemistry to enable the in situ activation. Phosphate electrolyte
activates the metal oxide−Bi2O2NCN heterojunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Chen
- Solid-State and Quantum Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Alex J Corkett
- Solid-State and Quantum Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Caspar de Bruin-Dickason
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jianhong Chen
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Rokicińska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Piotr Kuśtrowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Richard Dronskowski
- Solid-State and Quantum Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany.,Hoffmann Institute of Advanced Materials, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Liuxian Boulevard 7098, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Adam Slabon
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Corkett AJ, Chen K, Dronskowski R. It's All in the (Cyanamide) Tilt: Synthesis and Structure of NaSc(NCN)
2. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex J. Corkett
- Chair of Solid‐State and Quantum Chemistry Institute of Inorganic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University 52056 Aachen Germany
| | - Kaixuan Chen
- Chair of Solid‐State and Quantum Chemistry Institute of Inorganic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University 52056 Aachen Germany
| | - Richard Dronskowski
- Chair of Solid‐State and Quantum Chemistry Institute of Inorganic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University 52056 Aachen Germany
- Hoffmann Institute of Advanced Materials Shenzhen Polytechnic 7098 Liuxian Blvd Shenzhen Nanshan District China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chen Z, Löber M, Rokicińska A, Ma Z, Chen J, Kuśtrowski P, Meyer HJ, Dronskowski R, Slabon A. Increased photocurrent of CuWO 4 photoanodes by modification with the oxide carbodiimide Sn 2O(NCN). Dalton Trans 2020; 49:3450-3456. [PMID: 32096805 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt04752b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Tin(ii) oxide carbodiimide is a novel prospective semiconductor material with a band gap of 2.1 eV and lies chemically between metal oxides and metal carbodiimides. We report on the photochemical properties of this oxide carbodiimide and apply the material to form a heterojunction with CuWO4 thin films for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water oxidation. Mott-Schottky experiments reveal that the title compound is an n-type semiconductor with a flat-band potential of -0.03 V and, as such, the position of the valence band edge would be suitable for photochemical water oxidation. Sn2O(NCN) increases the photocurrent of CuWO4 thin films from 32 μA cm-2 to 59 μA cm-2 at 1.23 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) under backlight AM 1.5G illumination. This upsurge in photocurrent originates in a synergistic effect between the oxide and oxide carbodiimide, because the heterojunction photoanode displays a higher current density than the sum of its individual components. Structural analysis by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) reveals that Sn2O(NCN) forms a core-shell structure Sn2O(NCN)@SnPOx during the PEC water oxidation in phosphate buffer. The electrochemical activation is similar to the behavior of Mn(NCN) but different from Co(NCN).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Chen
- Chair of Solid-State and Quantum Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Chen K, Fehse M, Laurita A, Arayamparambil JJ, Sougrati MT, Stievano L, Dronskowski R. Quantum‐Chemical Study of the FeNCN Conversion‐Reaction Mechanism in Lithium‐ and Sodium‐Ion Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201914760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaixuan Chen
- Chair of Solid-State and Quantum ChemistryInstitute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen University 52056 Aachen Germany
| | - Marcus Fehse
- Institut Charles Gerhardt MontpellierCNRSUniversité de Montpellier 34095 Montpellier France
- Alistore—European Research InstituteCNRS 80039 Amiens France
- Dutch-Belgian (DUBBLE)ESRF-The European Synchrotron 38043 Grenoble France
| | - Angelica Laurita
- Institut Charles Gerhardt MontpellierCNRSUniversité de Montpellier 34095 Montpellier France
| | - Jeethu Jiju Arayamparambil
- Institut Charles Gerhardt MontpellierCNRSUniversité de Montpellier 34095 Montpellier France
- Alistore—European Research InstituteCNRS 80039 Amiens France
| | - Moulay Tahar Sougrati
- Institut Charles Gerhardt MontpellierCNRSUniversité de Montpellier 34095 Montpellier France
- Alistore—European Research InstituteCNRS 80039 Amiens France
- Reseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E)CNRS 80039 Amiens France
| | - Lorenzo Stievano
- Institut Charles Gerhardt MontpellierCNRSUniversité de Montpellier 34095 Montpellier France
- Alistore—European Research InstituteCNRS 80039 Amiens France
- Reseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E)CNRS 80039 Amiens France
| | - Richard Dronskowski
- Chair of Solid-State and Quantum ChemistryInstitute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen University 52056 Aachen Germany
- Hoffmann Institute of Advanced MaterialsShenzhen Polytechnic 7098 Liuxian Blvd Nanshan District Shenzhen China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Chen K, Fehse M, Laurita A, Arayamparambil JJ, Sougrati MT, Stievano L, Dronskowski R. Quantum-Chemical Study of the FeNCN Conversion-Reaction Mechanism in Lithium- and Sodium-Ion Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:3718-3723. [PMID: 31828910 PMCID: PMC7065120 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201914760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
We report a computational study on 3d transition-metal (Cr, Mn, Fe, and Co) carbodiimides in Li- and Na-ion batteries. The obtained cell voltages semi-quantitatively fit the experiments, highlighting the practicality of PBE+U as an approach for modeling the conversion-reaction mechanism of the FeNCN archetype with lithium and sodium. Also, the calculated voltage profiles agree satisfactorily with experiment both for full (Li-ion battery) and partial (Na-ion battery) discharge, even though experimental atomistic knowledge is missing up to now. Moreover, we rationalize the structural preference of intermediate ternaries and their characteristic lowering in the voltage profile using chemical-bonding and Mulliken-charge analysis. The formation of such ternary intermediates for the lithiation of FeNCN and the contribution of at least one ternary intermediate is also confirmed experimentally. This theoretical approach, aided by experimental findings, supports the atomistic exploration of electrode materials governed by conversion reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaixuan Chen
- Chair of Solid-State and Quantum ChemistryInstitute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen University52056AachenGermany
| | - Marcus Fehse
- Institut Charles Gerhardt MontpellierCNRSUniversité de Montpellier34095MontpellierFrance
- Alistore—European Research InstituteCNRS80039AmiensFrance
- Dutch-Belgian (DUBBLE)ESRF-The European Synchrotron38043GrenobleFrance
| | - Angelica Laurita
- Institut Charles Gerhardt MontpellierCNRSUniversité de Montpellier34095MontpellierFrance
| | - Jeethu Jiju Arayamparambil
- Institut Charles Gerhardt MontpellierCNRSUniversité de Montpellier34095MontpellierFrance
- Alistore—European Research InstituteCNRS80039AmiensFrance
| | - Moulay Tahar Sougrati
- Institut Charles Gerhardt MontpellierCNRSUniversité de Montpellier34095MontpellierFrance
- Alistore—European Research InstituteCNRS80039AmiensFrance
- Reseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E)CNRS80039AmiensFrance
| | - Lorenzo Stievano
- Institut Charles Gerhardt MontpellierCNRSUniversité de Montpellier34095MontpellierFrance
- Alistore—European Research InstituteCNRS80039AmiensFrance
- Reseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E)CNRS80039AmiensFrance
| | - Richard Dronskowski
- Chair of Solid-State and Quantum ChemistryInstitute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen University52056AachenGermany
- Hoffmann Institute of Advanced MaterialsShenzhen Polytechnic7098 Liuxian BlvdNanshan DistrictShenzhenChina
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Corkett AJ, Dronskowski R. A new tilt and an old twist on the nickel arsenide structure-type: synthesis and characterisation of the quaternary transition-metal cyanamides A 2MnSn 2(NCN) 6 (A = Li and Na). Dalton Trans 2019; 48:15029-15035. [PMID: 31482899 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt03062j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we describe the synthesis and structure of the quaternary transition-metal cyanamides Na2MnSn2(NCN)6 and Li2MnSn2(NCN)6. These phases crystallise isotypically in layered structures, with P3[combining macron]1m symmetry, that comprise hexagonal close-packed arrays of NCN2- anions with metal cations in 5/6 of the octahedral holes, thereby reflecting low-symmetry modifications of the hierarchical [NiAs]-type MNCN structure. The distinct coordination requirements of the metal cations template an ordered decoration across the octahedral sites with corundum-like [Sn2(NCN)3]2+ layers alternating with [A2Mn(NCN)3]2- layers which resemble a portion of the Li2Zr(NCN)3 structure. This motif is also mirrored in the form of the NCN2- anions which adopt N-C[triple bond, length as m-dash]N2- cyanamide shapes with clear single- and triple-bond character. Distortion-mode analysis reveals the importance of K1 octahedral twist and K2 cyanamide tilt displacements in stabilising these phases, the latter of which is only accessible because of the extended nature of the NCN2- anion. These are the first examples of non-binary transition-metal cyanamides to be discovered and this study highlights how the additional flexibility of the NCN2- anion affords a novel structure-type not observed in oxide chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex J Corkett
- Chair of Solid-State and Quantum Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Jiju Arayamparambil J, Mann M, Fraisse B, Iadecola A, Dronskowski R, Stievano L, Sougrati MT. Cobalt Carbodiimide as Negative Electrode for Li‐Ion Batteries: Electrochemical Mechanism and Performance. ChemElectroChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201901264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeethu Jiju Arayamparambil
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, CNRSUniversité de Montpellier 8 Rue de l'École Normale 34090 Montpellier France
- ALISTORE-ERI, CNRS 33 Rue St Leu 80000 Amiens France
| | - Markus Mann
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Bernard Fraisse
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, CNRSUniversité de Montpellier 8 Rue de l'École Normale 34090 Montpellier France
| | - Antonella Iadecola
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'EnergieCNRS 33 rue Saint Leu 80000 Amiens France
| | - Richard Dronskowski
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 52074 Aachen Germany
- Hoffmann Institute of Advanced MaterialsShenzhen Polytechnic Shenzhen P.R. China
| | - Lorenzo Stievano
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, CNRSUniversité de Montpellier 8 Rue de l'École Normale 34090 Montpellier France
- ALISTORE-ERI, CNRS 33 Rue St Leu 80000 Amiens France
| | - Moulay Tahar Sougrati
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, CNRSUniversité de Montpellier 8 Rue de l'École Normale 34090 Montpellier France
- ALISTORE-ERI, CNRS 33 Rue St Leu 80000 Amiens France
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Chen K, Dronskowski R. First-Principles Study of Divalent 3d Transition-Metal Carbodiimides. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:9328-9335. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b05799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaixuan Chen
- Chair of Solid-State and Quantum Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Richard Dronskowski
- Chair of Solid-State and Quantum Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
- Hoffmann Institute of Advanced Materials, Shenzhen Polytechnic, 7098 Liuxian Blvd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Shen Q, Ma X, Li W, Liu W, Ding Y, Yang Z, Roesky HW. Organoaluminum Compounds as Catalysts for Monohydroboration of Carbodiimides. Chemistry 2019; 25:11918-11923. [PMID: 31291029 PMCID: PMC6771511 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The effective catalytic activity of organoaluminum compounds for the monohydroboration of carbodiimides has been demonstrated. Two aluminum complexes, 2 and 3, were synthesized and characterized. The efficient catalytic performances of four aluminum hydride complexes L1 AlH2 (L1 =HC(CMeNAr)2 , Ar=2,6-Et2 C6 H3 ; 1), L2 AlH2 (NMe3 ) (L2 =o-C6 H4 F(CH=N-Ar), Ar=2,6-Et2 C6 H3 ; 2), L3 AlH (L3 =2,6-bis(1-methylethyl)-N-(2-pyridinylmethylene)phenylamine; 3), and L4 AlH(NMe3 ) (L4 =o-C6 H4 (N-Dipp)(CH=N-Dipp), Dipp=2,6-iPr2 C6 H3 ; 4), and an aluminum alkyl complex L1 AlMe2 (5) were used for the monohydroboration of carbodiimides investigated under solvent-free and mild conditions. Compounds 1-3 and 5 can produce monohydroborated N-borylformamidine, whereas 4 can afford the C-borylformamidine product. A suggested mechanism of this reaction was explored, and the aluminum formamidinate compound 6 was characterized by single-crystal X-ray, also a stoichiometric reaction was investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiumiao Shen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081P. R. China
| | - Wenling Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081P. R. China
| | - Wenqing Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081P. R. China
| | - Yi Ding
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081P. R. China
| | - Zhi Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081P. R. China
| | - Herbert W. Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstrasse 437077GöttingenGermany
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ertl M, Ma Z, Thersleff T, Lyu P, Huettner S, Nachtigall P, Breu J, Slabon A. Mössbauerite as Iron-Only Layered Oxyhydroxide Catalyst for WO3 Photoanodes. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:9655-9662. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Zili Ma
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, Aachen D-52056, Germany
| | - Thomas Thersleff
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16 C, Stockholm 10691, Sweden
| | - Pengbo Lyu
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Charles University, Hlavova 8, Prague 212843, Czech Republic
| | | | - Petr Nachtigall
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Charles University, Hlavova 8, Prague 212843, Czech Republic
| | | | - Adam Slabon
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16 C, Stockholm 10691, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Corkett AJ, Chen Z, Bogdanovski D, Slabon A, Dronskowski R. Band Gap Tuning in Bismuth Oxide Carbodiimide Bi 2O 2NCN. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:6467-6473. [PMID: 30990029 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Layered bismuth oxides exhibit a broad range of tunable physical properties as a result of their excellent structural versatility which facilitates compositional substitutions at both cationic and anionic positions. Here we expand this family in a new direction through the preparation of the first example of a bismuth-containing oxide carbodiimide, Bi2O2NCN, which assumes an extended variant of the anti-ThCr2Si2 structure-type adopted by Bi2O2 Ch ( Ch = Se or Te) oxide chalcogenides. Electronic structure calculations reveal the title compound to be an indirect band gap semiconductor with a band gap of approximately 1.4 eV, in good agreement with the measured value of 1.8 eV, and intermediate between that of structurally related Bi2O2S (1.12 eV) and β-Bi2O3 (2.48 eV). Mott-Schottky experiments demonstrate Bi2O2NCN to be an n-type semiconductor with a conduction band edge position of -0.37 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode. This study highlights the pseudochalcogenide nature of the -N═C═N- carbodiimide anion, which may be substituted in place of oxide or chalcogenide anions in this and potentially other structural classes as an effective means of electronic tuning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex J Corkett
- Chair of Solid-State and Quantum Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , RWTH Aachen University , 52056 Aachen , Germany
| | - Zheng Chen
- Chair of Solid-State and Quantum Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , RWTH Aachen University , 52056 Aachen , Germany
| | - Dimitri Bogdanovski
- Chair of Solid-State and Quantum Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , RWTH Aachen University , 52056 Aachen , Germany
| | - Adam Slabon
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry , Stockholm University , Svante Arrhenius väg 16 C , 106 91 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Richard Dronskowski
- Chair of Solid-State and Quantum Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , RWTH Aachen University , 52056 Aachen , Germany.,Hoffmann Institute of Advanced Materials , Shenzhen Polytechnic , 7098 Liuxian Boulevard , Nanshan District, Shenzhen , China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Meng X, Liang F, Yin W, Lin Z, Xia M. Chloride carbodiimide K12Pb51(CN2)30Cl54 with an unprecedented 45 Å unit cell axis and a large birefringence. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj01298b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
K12Pb51(CN2)30Cl54 exhibits a giant birefringence of 0.094 at 1064 nm and a large cell axis due to the rotation of Pb2+ cations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianghe Meng
- Beijing Center for Crystal Research and Development
- Key Laboratory of Functional Crystals and Laser Technology
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Fei Liang
- Beijing Center for Crystal Research and Development
- Key Laboratory of Functional Crystals and Laser Technology
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Wenlong Yin
- Institute of Chemical Materials
- China Academy of Engineering Physics
- Mianyang 621900
- China
| | - Zheshuai Lin
- Beijing Center for Crystal Research and Development
- Key Laboratory of Functional Crystals and Laser Technology
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Mingjun Xia
- Beijing Center for Crystal Research and Development
- Key Laboratory of Functional Crystals and Laser Technology
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Syntheses and Characterization of Two Dicyanamide Compounds Containing Monovalent Cations: Hg2[N(CN)2]2 and Tl[N(CN)2]. INORGANICS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics6040135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Crystals of Hg2[N(CN)2]2 were grown by a slow diffusion-reaction between aqueous Hg2(NO3)2·2H2O and Na[N(CN)2]. Hg2[N(CN)2]2 adopts the triclinic space group P 1 ¯ (no. 2) with a = 3.7089(5), b = 6.4098(6), c = 8.150(6) Å, α = 81.575(6)°, β = 80.379(7)°, γ = 80.195(7)°, and Z = 1. Crystals of Tl[N(CN)2] were obtained from the reaction of TlBr with Ag[N(CN)2] in water. Single-crystal structure analyses evidence that Tl[N(CN)2] is isotypic to α-K[N(CN)2] and adopts the orthorhombic space group Pbcm (no. 57) with a = 8.5770(17), b = 6.4756(13), c = 7.2306(14) Å, and Z = 4. Regarding volume chemistry, the dicyanamide anion occupies ca. 44 cm3·mol−1, and so it corresponds to a large pseudohalide. The IR spectra of both compounds exhibit vibrational modes that are characteristic of the dicyanamide anion.
Collapse
|