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Vieira EG, de Paiva REF, Miguel RB, de Oliveira APA, Franco de Melo Bagatelli F, Oliveira CC, Tuna F, da Costa Ferreira AM. An engineered POSS drug delivery system for copper(II) anticancer metallodrugs in a selective application toward melanoma cells. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:12567-12581. [PMID: 39005067 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00535j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
In this work, a polyhedral silsesquioxane (POSS) was used as an engineered drug delivery system for two oxindolimine-copper(II) anticancer complexes, [Cu(isaepy)]+ and [Cu(isapn)]+. The interest in hybrid POSS comes from the necessity of developing materials that can act as adjuvants to improve the cytotoxicity of non-soluble metallodrugs. Functionalization of POSS with a triazole ligand (POSS-atzac) permitted the anchorage of such copper complexes, producing hybrid materials with efficient cytotoxic effects. Structural and morphological characterizations of these copper-POSS systems were performed by using different techniques (IR, NMR, thermogravimetric analysis). A combination of continuous-wave (CW) and pulsed EPR (HYSCORE) spectroscopies conducted at the X-band have enabled the complete characterization of the coordination environment of the copper ion in the POSS-atzac matrix. Additionally, the cytotoxic effects of the loaded materials, [Cu(isapn)]@POSS-atzac and [Cu(isaepy)]@POSS-atzac, were assessed toward melanomas (SK-MEL), in comparison to non-tumorigenic cells (fibroblast P4). Evaluation of their nuclease activity or ability to facilitate cleavage of DNA indicated concentrations as low as 0.6 μg mL-1, while complete DNA fragmentation was observed at 25 μg mL-1. By using adequate scavengers, investigations on active intermediates responsible for their cytotoxicity were performed, both in the absence and in the presence of ascorbate as a reducing agent. Based on the observed selective cytotoxicity of these materials toward melanomas, investigations on the reactivity of these complexes and corresponding POSS-materials with melanin, a molecule that contributes to melanoma resistance to chemotherapy, were carried out. Results indicated the main role of the binuclear copper species, formed at the surface of the silica matrix, in the observed reactivity and selectivity of these copper-POSS systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Guimarães Vieira
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
- EPSRC National EPR Facility, Department of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PL, Manchester, UK
| | - Raphael Enoque Ferraz de Paiva
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Bernardi Miguel
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Ana Paula Araujo de Oliveira
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Felipe Franco de Melo Bagatelli
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Carla Columbano Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Floriana Tuna
- EPSRC National EPR Facility, Department of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PL, Manchester, UK
| | - Ana Maria da Costa Ferreira
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Zengin Kurt B, Öztürk Civelek D, Çakmak EB, Kolcuoğlu Y, Şenol H, Sağlık Özkan BN, Dag A, Benkli K. Synthesis of Sorafenib-Ruthenium Complexes, Investigation of Biological Activities and Applications in Drug Delivery Systems as an Anticancer Agent. J Med Chem 2024; 67:4463-4482. [PMID: 38471014 PMCID: PMC10983010 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Sorafenib, a multiple kinase inhibitor, is widely used as a first-line treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma. However, there is a need for more effective alternatives when sorafenib proves insufficient. In this study, we aimed to design a structure that surpasses sorafenib's efficacy, leading us to synthesize sorafenib-ruthenium complexes for the first time and investigate their properties. Our results indicate that the sorafenib-ruthenium complexes exhibit superior epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibition compared to sorafenib alone. Interestingly, among these complexes, Ru3S demonstrated high activity against various cancer cell lines including sorafenib-resistant HepG2 cells while exhibiting significantly lower cytotoxicity than sorafenib in healthy cell lines. Further evaluation of cell cycle, cell apoptosis, and antiangiogenic effects, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics studies revealed that Ru3S holds great potential as a drug candidate. Additionally, when free Ru3S was encapsulated into polymeric micelles M1, enhanced cytotoxicity on HepG2 cells was observed. Collectively, these findings position Ru3S as a promising candidate for EGFR inhibition and warrant further exploration for drug development purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belma Zengin Kurt
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, 34093 Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Dilek Öztürk Civelek
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Bezmialem Vakif University, 34093 Istanbul, Türkiye
| | | | - Yakup Kolcuoğlu
- Faculty
of Science, Department of Chemistry, Karadeniz
Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Türkiye
| | - Halil Şenol
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, 34093 Istanbul, Türkiye
| | | | - Aydan Dag
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, 34093 Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Kadriye Benkli
- Badakbas
Pharmacy, Altintepe str.
Koknarli 6/C, Maltepe, 34840 Istanbul, Türkiye
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Negi M, Dixit T, Venkatesh V. Ligand Dictated Photosensitization of Iridium(III) Dithiocarbamate Complexes for Photodynamic Therapy. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:20080-20095. [PMID: 37994001 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Organelle-targeted photosensitizers (PSs) for photodynamic therapy (PDT) are considered as an effective therapeutic strategy for the development of next generation PSs with the least side effects and high therapeutic efficacy. However, multiorganelle targeted PSs eliciting PDT via both type I and type II mechanisms are scarce. Herein, a series of cyclometalated iridium(III) complexes were formulated [Ir(C∧N)2(S∧S)] (C∧N = 2-phenylpyridine (ppy) and 2-(thiophen-2-yl)pyridine (thpy); S∧S = diethyldithiocarbamate (DEDTC), morpholine-N-dithiocarbamate (MORDTC) and methoxycarbonodithioate (MEDTC)) and the newly designed complexes Ir2@DEDTC and Ir1@MEDTC were characterized by single crystal X-ray crystallography. Complexes containing thpy as C∧N ligand exhibit excellent photophysical properties such as red-shifted emission, high singlet oxygen quantum yield (ϕΔ) and longer photoluminescence lifetime when compared with complexes containing ppy ligands. Ir2@DEDTC exhibits the highest ϕΔ and photoluminescence lifetimes among the synthesized complexes. Therefore, Ir2@DEDTC was chosen to evaluate the photosensitizing ability to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). Upon blue light irradiation (456 nm), it efficiently produces ROS, i.e., hydroxy radical (•OH) and singlet oxygen (1O2), which was confirmed by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. In vitro photocytotoxicity toward HCT116, HeLa, and PC3 cell lines showed that out of all the synthesized complexes, Ir2@DEDTC has the highest photocytotoxic index (PI > 400) value. Ir2@DEDTC is efficiently taken up by the HCT116 cell line and accumulated mainly in the lysosome and mitochondria of the cells, and after PDT treatment, it elicits cell shrinkage, membrane blebbing, and DNA fragmentation. The phototherapeutic efficacy of Ir2@DEDTC has been investigated against 3D spheroids considering its ability to mimic some of the basic features of solid tumors. The morphology was drastically altered in the Ir2@DEDTC treated 3D spheroid after the light irradiation unleashed the potential of the Ir(III) dithiocarbamate complex as a superior PS for PDT. Hence, mitochondria and lysosome targeted photoactive cyclometalated Ir(III) dithiocarbamate complex exerting oxidative stress via both type I and type II PDT can be regarded as a dual-organelle targeted two-pronged approach for enhanced PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Negi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Tejal Dixit
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - V Venkatesh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
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Vieira EG, Fazzi RB, Martins DOTA, Sheveleva AM, Tuna F, da Costa Ferreira AM. A new strategy for improving cytotoxicity of a copper complex toward metastatic melanoma cells unveiled by EPR spectroscopy †. RSC Adv 2023; 13:9715-9719. [PMID: 36968063 PMCID: PMC10038224 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07266a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel strategy of improving cytotoxicity against metastatic melanoma cells using an oxindolimine copper(ii) complex immobilized and dimerized on a modified Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (POSS) matrix was developed, as revealed by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. An assured correlation between continuous-wave (CW) and pulsed EPR spectroscopies provided a complete characterization of the actual active species, its coordination environment, as well as the efficiency/selectivity of the bioconjugate materials. An oxindolimine-copper(ii) complex with antitumor properties was immobilized in a silica matrix, and verified to be more active and selective due the formation of a dinuclear species, unveiled by continuous wave and pulsed EPR spectroscopy.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Guimarães Vieira
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo05508-000 São Paulo-SPBrazil
- EPSRC National EPR Facility, Department of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, University of ManchesterManchester M13 9PLUK
| | - Rodrigo Boni Fazzi
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo05508-000 São Paulo-SPBrazil
| | - Daniel O. T. A. Martins
- EPSRC National EPR Facility, Department of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, University of ManchesterManchester M13 9PLUK
| | - Alena M. Sheveleva
- EPSRC National EPR Facility, Department of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, University of ManchesterManchester M13 9PLUK
| | - Floriana Tuna
- EPSRC National EPR Facility, Department of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, University of ManchesterManchester M13 9PLUK
| | - Ana Maria da Costa Ferreira
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo05508-000 São Paulo-SPBrazil
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Paca AM, Singh M, Ajibade PA. Synthesis, characterization and in vitro anticancer studies of Ru(III) dithiocarbamate complexes. J COORD CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2022.2145472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Athandwe M. Paca
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, South Africa
| | - Moganavelli Singh
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Peter A. Ajibade
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, South Africa
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Oladipo SD, Omondi B. Photodegradation of crystal violet dye in water using octadecylamine-capped CdS nanoparticles synthesized from Cd(II) N,N′-diarylformamidine dithiocarbamates and their 2,2-bipyridine adducts. J COORD CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2022.2123274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Segun D. Oladipo
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Westville Campus, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria
| | - Bernard Omondi
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Westville Campus, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Binuclear Heteroleptic Ru(III) Dithiocarbamate Complexes: A Step towards Tunable Antiproliferative Agents. INORGANICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics10030037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Binuclear dithiocarbamate complexes of Ru(III) are promising candidates in the search for outstanding metal-based anticancer agents. While different dithiocarbamates have shown ligand-dependent cytotoxicity in homoleptic binuclear Ru(III) complexes, the properties of heteroleptic analogues with different dithiocarbamate (DTC) ligands have yet to be explored. We herein propose the introduction of heteroleptic ligands as tunable features for the development of improved ruthenium-based antiproliferative agents and report a synthetic strategy for their synthesis as well as the evaluation of the cytotoxic activity of a selection of binuclear heteroleptic Ru(III) compounds towards MDA-MB-231 and PC3 cells.
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A facile synthesis of Cu(II) diethyldithiocarbamate from monovalent copper-cysteamine and disulfiram. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.109246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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9
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Ruiz LM, Libedinsky A, Elorza AA. Role of Copper on Mitochondrial Function and Metabolism. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:711227. [PMID: 34504870 PMCID: PMC8421569 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.711227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper is essential for life processes like energy metabolism, reactive oxygen species detoxification, iron uptake, and signaling in eukaryotic organisms. Mitochondria gather copper for the assembly of cuproenzymes such as the respiratory complex IV, cytochrome c oxidase, and the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase 1. In this regard, copper plays a role in mitochondrial function and signaling involving bioenergetics, dynamics, and mitophagy, which affect cell fate by means of metabolic reprogramming. In mammals, copper homeostasis is tightly regulated by the liver. However, cellular copper levels are tissue specific. Copper imbalances, either overload or deficiency, have been associated with many diseases, including anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia, as well as tumor development and cancer aggressivity. Consistently, new pharmacological developments have been addressed to reduce or exacerbate copper levels as potential cancer therapies. This review goes over the copper source, distribution, cellular uptake, and its role in mitochondrial function, metabolic reprograming, and cancer biology, linking copper metabolism with the field of regenerative medicine and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina M Ruiz
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Allan Libedinsky
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.,Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alvaro A Elorza
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.,Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
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Copper Dithiocarbamates: Coordination Chemistry and Applications in Materials Science, Biosciences and Beyond. INORGANICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics9090070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper dithiocarbamate complexes have been known for ca. 120 years and find relevance in biology and medicine, especially as anticancer agents and applications in materials science as a single-source precursor (SSPs) to nanoscale copper sulfides. Dithiocarbamates support Cu(I), Cu(II) and Cu(III) and show a rich and diverse coordination chemistry. Homoleptic [Cu(S2CNR2)2] are most common, being known for hundreds of substituents. All contain a Cu(II) centre, being either monomeric (distorted square planar) or dimeric (distorted trigonal bipyramidal) in the solid state, the latter being held together by intermolecular C···S interactions. Their d9 electronic configuration renders them paramagnetic and thus readily detected by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Reaction with a range of oxidants affords d8 Cu(III) complexes, [Cu(S2CNR2)2][X], in which copper remains in a square-planar geometry, but Cu–S bonds shorten by ca. 0.1 Å. These show a wide range of different structural motifs in the solid-state, varying with changes in anion and dithiocarbamate substituents. Cu(I) complexes, [Cu(S2CNR2)2]−, are (briefly) accessible in an electrochemical cell, and the only stable example is recently reported [Cu(S2CNH2)2][NH4]·H2O. Others readily lose a dithiocarbamate and the d10 centres can either be trapped with other coordinating ligands, especially phosphines, or form clusters with tetrahedral [Cu(μ3-S2CNR2)]4 being most common. Over the past decade, a wide range of Cu(I) dithiocarbamate clusters have been prepared and structurally characterised with nuclearities of 3–28, especially exciting being those with interstitial hydride and/or acetylide co-ligands. A range of mixed-valence Cu(I)–Cu(II) and Cu(II)–Cu(III) complexes are known, many of which show novel physical properties, and one Cu(I)–Cu(II)–Cu(III) species has been reported. Copper dithiocarbamates have been widely used as SSPs to nanoscale copper sulfides, allowing control over the phase, particle size and morphology of nanomaterials, and thus giving access to materials with tuneable physical properties. The identification of copper in a range of neurological diseases and the use of disulfiram as a drug for over 50 years makes understanding of the biological formation and action of [Cu(S2CNEt2)2] especially important. Furthermore, the finding that it and related Cu(II) dithiocarbamates are active anticancer agents has pushed them to the fore in studies of metal-based biomedicines.
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Abstract
The incorporation of dithiocarbamate ligands in the preparation of metal complexes is largely prompted by the versatility of this molecule. Fascinating coordination chemistry can be obtained from the study of such metal complexes ranging from their preparation, the solid-state properties, solution behavior as well as their applications as bioactive materials and luminescent compounds, to name a few. In this overview, the dithiocarbamate complexes of platinum-group elements form the focus of the discussion. The structural aspects of these complexes will be discussed based upon the intriguing findings obtained from their solid- (crystallographic) and solution-state (NMR) studies. At the end of this review, the applications of platinum-group metal complexes will be discussed.
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Brustolin L, Pettenuzzo N, Nardon C, Quarta S, Montagner I, Pontisso P, Rosato A, Conte P, Merigliano S, Fregona D. Labelled micelles for the delivery of cytotoxic Cu(II) and Ru(III) compounds in the treatment of aggressive orphan cancers: Design and biological in vitro data. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 213:111259. [PMID: 33039747 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A recent study on our metal-dithiocarbamato complexes pointed out the antiproliferative properties and the druglikeness of some new patented derivatives. In this work, the best compounds have been encapsulated in micellar nanocarriers, being also carbohydrate-functionalized on their hydrophilic surface to investigate the possibility of a cancer-selective delivery. In particular, the nonionic block copolymer Pluronic® F127 (PF127) has been chemically modified with sugars and the derivatives characterized by means of NMR spectroscopy and FT-IR spectrophotometry. Then, the two selected complexes (β-[Ru2(PipeDTC)5]Cl (PipeDTC = piperidine dithiocarbamate) and [Cu(ProOMeDTC)2] (ProOMeDTC = L-proline methyl ester dithiocarbamate)), have been loaded into the hydrophobic core of PF127 micelles and cancer-targeting counterparts. These nanoformulations have been studied for their dimensions (DLS, TEM) and stability, and tested for their cytotoxicity against aggressive human cancer cell lines. The in vitro results were paralleled with mechanistic studies through Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy and xCELLigence analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Brustolin
- Department of Surgical, Oncologic and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy; Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Nicolò Pettenuzzo
- Department of Surgical, Oncologic and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy; Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Nardon
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Santina Quarta
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Isabella Montagner
- Department of Surgical, Oncologic and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy; Venetian Oncological Institute, Via Gattamelata 64, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Patrizia Pontisso
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Antonio Rosato
- Department of Surgical, Oncologic and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy; Venetian Oncological Institute, Via Gattamelata 64, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Pierfranco Conte
- Department of Surgical, Oncologic and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy; Venetian Oncological Institute, Via Gattamelata 64, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Merigliano
- Department of Surgical, Oncologic and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Dolores Fregona
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
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Wang Q, Miao M, Qin Z, Li B, Niu X. Lower Metal Element Levels in Hypertrophic Scars: A Potential Mechanism of Aberrant Cicatrix Hyperplasia. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e925202. [PMID: 32895361 PMCID: PMC7500125 DOI: 10.12659/msm.925202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We investigated levels of the metal elements Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, and Cu in blood, normal skin (NS), and different types of scar tissue and aimed to elucidate the pathogenesis of hypertrophic scars (HS). Material/Methods Tissue specimens were excised from 3 groups of research participants: scar-free, flat scar (FS), and HS groups. Levels of the study elements were measured in blood, NS, and scar tissues with a spectrophotometer. The levels in plasma or in different types of specimens were compared among subgroups. In the FS and HS groups, levels were compared between the scar tissue and NS of each individual. In addition, element differences in exposed and unexposed areas of NS were investigated in the scar-free group. HS fibroblasts (HFB) were cultured in medium with various reduced levels of metal elements to determine the influence of metal elements on fibroblast growth. Results Levels of trace elements, including Zn, Fe, and Cu, were significantly lower in HS than in FS. The levels of Ca, Zn, Fe, and Cu were markedly lower in HS than in the patients’ own NS, while the Cu/Zn ratio was higher. However, no such difference was observed in the FS group. No significant difference in element levels was found in either plasma or NS among the 3 groups. Reduced levels of the elements promoted HFB proliferation within 24 h while an inhibition effect was observed at 72 h. Conclusions Our findings indicate reduced levels of metal elements in part of the healing microenvironment, suggesting that decreased metal levels may be involved in the pathogenesis of HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifei Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Mi Miao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Zelian Qin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Bolun Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Xingtao Niu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
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Tiekink ERT. The remarkable propensity for the formation of C–H⋯π(chelate ring) interactions in the crystals of the first-row transition metal dithiocarbamates and the supramolecular architectures they sustain. CrystEngComm 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce00289e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
C–H⋯π(chelate ring) interactions play an important role in assembling first-row transition metal dithiocarbamates in their crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward R. T. Tiekink
- Research Centre for Crystalline Materials
- School of Science and Technology
- 5 Jalan Universiti
- Sunway University
- Bandar Sunway
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Sathiyaraj E, Thirumaran S, Ciattini S, Selvanayagam S. Synthesis and characterization of Ni(II) complexes with functionalized dithiocarbamates: New single source precursors for nickel sulfide and nickel-iron sulfide nanoparticles. Inorganica Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.119162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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16
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Brustolin L, Pettenuzzo N, Nardon C, Quarta S, Marchiò L, Biondi B, Pontisso P, Fregona D. Au(iii)-Proline derivatives exhibiting selective antiproliferative activity against HepG2/SB3 apoptosis-resistant cancer cells. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:16017-16025. [PMID: 31599279 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt03036k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This paper deals with the combination of a proline-based moiety with biologically active gold centers in the oxidation states +1 and +3. In particular, six Au(i)/(iii)-proline dithiocarbamato (DTC) complexes with general formulae [Au(DTC)2] and [AuIIIX2(DTC)] (X = Cl, Br) are reported here. After the synthesis of the ligand and the complexes, all derivatives were characterized via several techniques and tested for their stability in DMSO/water media. This study was focused on the demonstration of a peculiar behavior of Au(iii)-DTC species in solution. Finally, the complexes were screened for their antiproliferative activity against 2 human cancer cell lines, namely HepG2 and HepG2/SB3, taken as models of hepatocellular carcinoma. The latter, chosen for its aggressiveness due to the upregulation of the anti-apoptotic protein SerpinB3, was selectively inhibited in terms of growth by some Au(iii)-DTC complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Brustolin
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy. and Department of Surgical, Oncologic and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - N Pettenuzzo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy. and Department of Surgical, Oncologic and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - C Nardon
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - S Quarta
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - L Marchiò
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 17/A - 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - B Biondi
- CNR, Padova Unit, Inst Biomol Chem, Via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padua, Italy
| | - P Pontisso
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - D Fregona
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
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Pettenuzzo N, Brustolin L, Coltri E, Gambalunga A, Chiara F, Trevisan A, Biondi B, Nardon C, Fregona D. Cu II and Au III Complexes with Glycoconjugated Dithiocarbamato Ligands for Potential Applications in Targeted Chemotherapy. ChemMedChem 2019; 14:1162-1172. [PMID: 31091012 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This work is focused on the synthesis, characterization, and preliminary biological evaluation of bio-conjugated AuIII and CuII complexes with the aim of overcoming the well-known side effects of chemotherapy by improving the selective accumulation of an anticancer metal payload in malignant cells. For this purpose, carbohydrates were chosen as targeting agents, exploiting the Warburg effect that accounts for the overexpression of glucose-transporter proteins (in particular GLUTs) in the phospholipid bilayer of most neoplastic cells. We linked the dithiocarbamato moiety to the C1 position of three different monosaccharides: d-glucose, d-galactose, and d-mannose. Altogether, six complexes with a 1:2 metal-to-ligand stoichiometry were synthesized and in vitro tested as anticancer agents. One of them showed high cytotoxic activity toward the HCT116 colorectal human carcinoma cell line, paving the way to future in vivo studies aimed at evaluating the role of carbohydrates in the selective delivery of whole molecules into cancerous cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Pettenuzzo
- Department of Chemical Sciences (DISC), University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy.,Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences (DISCOG), University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Leonardo Brustolin
- Department of Chemical Sciences (DISC), University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy.,Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences (DISCOG), University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Elisa Coltri
- Department of Chemical Sciences (DISC), University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Alberto Gambalunga
- Department of Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Sciences and Public Health (DCTV), University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Federica Chiara
- Department of Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Sciences and Public Health (DCTV), University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Trevisan
- Department of Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Sciences and Public Health (DCTV), University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Barbara Biondi
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Padova Unit, CNR, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Nardon
- Department of Chemical Sciences (DISC), University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Dolores Fregona
- Department of Chemical Sciences (DISC), University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
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