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Li L, Chen J, Sun H, Niu Q, Zhao Y, Yang X, Sun Q. Orm2 Deficiency Aggravates High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity through Gut Microbial Dysbiosis and Intestinal Inflammation. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300236. [PMID: 37853937 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Orosomucoid 2 (Orm2) is a hepatocyte-secreted protein that plays a crucial role in regulating obesity-type metabolic disease and immunity. The imbalance of gut microbiota is one of the causes of obesity, but the mechanism of the relationship between Orm2 and gut microbiota in obesity remains unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS Orm2-/- (Orm2 knockout) mice on a normal diet developed spontaneous obesity and metabolic disturbances at the 20th week. Through 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the study finds that the gut microbiota of Orm2-/- mice has a different microbial composition compared to wild type (WT) mice. Furthermore, a high-fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks exacerbates obesity in Orm2-/- mice. Lack of Orm2 promotes dysregulation of gut microbiota under the HFD, especially a reduction of Clostridium spp. Supplementation with Clostridium butyricum alleviates obesity and alters the gut microbial composition in WT mice, but has minimal effects on Orm2-/- mice. In contrast, co-housing of Orm2-/- mice with WT mice rescues Orm2-/- obesity by reducing pathogenic bacteria and mitigating intestinal inflammation. CONCLUSION These findings suggest Orm2 deficiency exacerbates HFD-induced gut microbiota disturbance and intestinal inflammation, providing a novel insight into the complex bacterial flora but not a single probiotic administration in the therapeutic strategy of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Jionghao Chen
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Haoming Sun
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Qiang Niu
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xiaojun Yang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Qingzhu Sun
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
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Li P, Chen J, Guo CE, Li W, Gao Z. Lactobacillus co-fermentation of Cerasus humilis juice alters chemical properties, enhances antioxidant activity, and improves gut microbiota. Food Funct 2023; 14:8248-8260. [PMID: 37655677 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo02583g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Fermentation with Lactobacillus has been shown to improve the nutritional value of juice. In this study, Cerasus humilis juice was fermented using two commercial probiotics, namely, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus plantarum. The total antioxidant capacity (TAOC), viable count, chemical properties, antioxidant activity after in vitro digestion, and alterations in the gut microbiota composition of the fermented juice were investigated. After fermentation, the TAOC increased from 107.66 U mL-1 to 126.72 U mL-1; viable count increased from 5.85 lg (CFU mL-1) to 8.17 lg (CFU mL-1); and the contents of total phenols, total flavonoids, proanthocyanins, four organic acids, and 29 amino acids had changed. Overall, 47 compounds were identified in the juice, 20 of which were enriched after fermentation. Furthermore, Lactobacillus co-fermentation improved the antioxidant properties of the juice after in vitro digestion and increased the abundance of probiotics to regulate the gut microbiota. These findings illustrate the potential use of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus plantarum in the co-fermentation of C. humilis juice to enhance its nutritional and functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, P. R. China.
| | - Jiaji Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, P. R. China.
| | - Chang-E Guo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, P. R. China.
| | - Weidong Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, P. R. China.
| | - Zhiliang Gao
- Zhiliang Dute Jingluo Tcm Pte.Ltd., Block509 Bedok North Street 3 460509, Singapore
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Su X, Jin M, Xu C, Gao Y, Yang Y, Qi H, Zhang Q, Yang X, Ya W, Zhang Y, Yang R. FABP4 in Paneth cells regulates antimicrobial protein expression to reprogram gut microbiota. Gut Microbes 2022; 14:2139978. [PMID: 36519446 PMCID: PMC9635462 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2139978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial proteins possess a broad spectrum of bactericidal activity and play an important role in shaping the composition of gut microbiota, which is related to multiple diseases such as metabolic syndrome. However, it is incompletely known for the regulation of defensin expression in the gut Paneth cells. Here, we found that FABP4 in the Paneth cells of gut epithelial cells and organoids can downregulate the expression of defensins. FABP4fl/flpvillinCreT mice were highly resistance to Salmonella Typhimurium (S.T) infection and had increased bactericidal ability to pathogens. The FABP4-mediated downregulation of defensins is through degrading PPARγ after K48 ubiquitination. We also demonstrate that high-fat diet (HFD)-mediated downregulation of defensins is through inducing a robust FABP4 in Paneth cells. Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio in FABP4fl/flpvillinCreT mice is lower than control mice, which is opposite to that in mice fed HFD, indicating that FABP4 in the Paneth cells could reprogram gut microbiota. Interestingly, FABP4-mediated downregulation of defensins in Paneth cells not only happens in mice but also in human. A better understanding of the regulation of defensins, especially HFD-mediated downregulation of defensin in Paneth cells will provide insights into factor(s) underlying modern diseases.Abbreviations: FABP4: Fatty acid binding protein 4; S. T: Salmonella Typhimurium; HFD: High-fat diet; Defa: α-defensin; 930 HD5: Human α-defensin 5; HD6: Human α-defensin 6; F/B: Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes; SFB: Segmental filamentous bacteria; AMPs: Antimicrobial peptides; PPARγ: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ; P-PPAR: Phosphorylated PPAR; Dhx15: DEAD-box helicase 15; 935 EGF: Epidermal growth factor; ENR: Noggin and R-spondin 1; CFU: Colony forming unit; Lyz1: Lysozyme 1; Saa1: Serum amyoid A 1; Pla2g2a: Phospholipase A2, group IIA; MMP-7: Matrix metalloproteinase; AU-PAGE: Acid-urea polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; PA: Palmitic 940 acid; GPR40: G-protein-coupled receptor; GF: Germ-free; EGF: Epidermal growth factor; LP: Lamina propria; KO: Knock out; WT: Wild-type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Su
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mengli Jin
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin, China,Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, China,State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Yunhuan Gao
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin, China,Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, China,State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yazheng Yang
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin, China,Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, China,State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Houbao Qi
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin, China,Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, China,State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qianjing Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin, China,Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, China,State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaorong Yang
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin, China,Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, China,State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wang Ya
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin, China,Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, China,State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Rongcun Yang
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin, China,Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, China,State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China,CONTACT Rongcun Yang Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin300071, China
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Du L, Feng Y, Wang C, Shi X, Wen C, He Z, Zhang Y. Jieduquyuziyin prescription promotes the efficacy of prednisone via upregulating Nrf2 in MRL/lpr kidneys. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 298:115643. [PMID: 36031105 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The Jieduquyuziyin prescription (JP), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, has been used as an approved hospital prescription to improve the efficacy of prednisone (Pred) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and lupus nephritis (LN) treatment. Although the synergistic effect of JP and Pred is prominent, the underlying mechanisms require further investigation. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the key therapeutic targets of JP in improving the role of Pred in the treatment of LN. MATERIALS AND METHODS Lupus-prone female MRL/lpr mice were administered JP, Pred, or JP combined with Pred. The effect of JP on LN was estimated by evaluating renal function and inflammation levels in the kidneys. On this basis, RNA sequencing of kidney tissues was performed, and the differentially expressed genes were analyzed and summarized. The role of JP in the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NFE2L2 or Nrf2) in the kidneys was further confirmed by real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry, and western blotting. RESULTS JP combined with Pred exhibited the most remarkable therapeutic effect compared with JP or Pred alone. Transcriptome analysis indicated that Nrf2, a central mediator of the antioxidative response, was significantly upregulated by JP. Based on these results, we speculated that Nrf2 is a critical factor for JP, improving the efficacy of Pred in treating LN by notably suppressing the oxidative stress level in the kidneys. Furthermore, we found that Nrf2 expression decreased with the exacerbation of LN in MRL/lpr mice. In addition, the downregulated Nrf2 was notably restored after JP treatment, accompanied by suppressed oxidative stress levels in the kidneys. It includes inhibited accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), restored mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) levels, and increased antioxidant enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD). CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that JP increases Pred efficacy by increasing Nrf2 expression, implying that Nrf2 may be a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Du
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science,Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Yuxiang Feng
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science,Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Chenxi Wang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science,Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Xiaowei Shi
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science,Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Chengping Wen
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science,Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Zhixing He
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science,Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Yun Zhang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science,Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
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Alterations in Intestinal Brush Border Membrane Functionality and Bacterial Populations Following Intra-Amniotic Administration ( Gallus gallus) of Catechin and Its Derivatives. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14193924. [PMID: 36235576 PMCID: PMC9572352 DOI: 10.3390/nu14193924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Catechin is a flavonoid naturally present in numerous dietary products and fruits (e.g., apples, berries, grape seeds, kiwis, green tea, red wine, etc.) and has previously been shown to be an antioxidant and beneficial for the gut microbiome. To further enhance the health benefits, bioavailability, and stability of catechin, we synthesized and characterized catechin pentaacetate and catechin pentabutanoate as two new ester derivatives of catechin. Catechin and its derivatives were assessed in vivo via intra-amniotic administration (Gallus gallus), with the following treatment groups: (1) non-injected (control); (2) deionized H2O (control); (3) Tween (0.004 mg/mL dose); (4) inulin (50 mg/mL dose); (5) Catechin (6.2 mg/mL dose); (6) Catechin pentaacetate (10 mg/mL dose); and (7) Catechin pentabutanoate (12.8 mg/mL dose). The effects on physiological markers associated with brush border membrane morphology, intestinal bacterial populations, and duodenal gene expression of key proteins were investigated. Compared to the controls, our results demonstrated a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in Clostridium genera and E. coli species density with catechin and its synthetic derivative exposure. Furthermore, catechin and its derivatives decreased iron and zinc transporter (Ferroportin and ZnT1, respectively) gene expression in the duodenum compared to the controls. In conclusion, catechin and its synthetic derivatives have the potential to improve intestinal morphology and functionality and positively modulate the microbiome.
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Impact of Clarified Apple Juices with Different Processing Methods on Gut Microbiota and Metabolomics of Rats. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14173488. [PMID: 36079746 PMCID: PMC9460580 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The consumption of processed foods has increased compared to that of fresh foods in recent years, especially due to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Here, we evaluated the health effects of clarified apple juices (CAJs, devoid of pectin and additives) processed to different degrees, including not-from-concentrate (NFC) and from-concentrate (FC) CAJs. A 56-day experiment including a juice-switch after 28 days was designed. An integrated analysis of 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics of cecal content were performed. In addition, differences in the CAJs tested with respect to nutritional indices and composition of small-molecule compounds were analyzed. The NFC CAJ, which showed a higher phenolic content resulting from the lower processing degree, could improve microbiota diversity and influence its structure. It also reduced bile acid and bilirubin contents, as well as inhibited the microbial metabolism of tryptophan in the gut. However, we found that these effects diminished with time by performing experiment extension and undertaking juice-switching. Our study provides evidence regarding the health effects of processed foods that can potentially be applied to public health policy decision making. We believe that NFC juices with a lower processing degree could potentially be healthier than FC juice.
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Kan J, Wu F, Wang F, Zheng J, Cheng J, Li Y, Yang Y, Du J. Phytonutrients: Sources, bioavailability, interaction with gut microbiota, and their impacts on human health. Front Nutr 2022; 9:960309. [PMID: 36051901 PMCID: PMC9424995 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.960309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytonutrients are natural bioactive components present in the daily diet that can exert a positive impact on human health. Studies have shown that phytonutrients may act as antioxidants and improve metabolism after being ingested, which help to regulate physiological processes and prevent metabolic disorders and diseases. However, their efficacy is limited by their low bioavailability. The gut microbiota is symbiotic with humans and its abundance and profile are related to most diseases. Interestingly, studies have shown that the gut microbiota is associated with the metabolism of phytonutrients by converting them into small molecules that can be absorbed by the body, thereby enhancing their bioavailability. Furthermore, phytonutrients can modulate the composition of the gut microbiota, and therefore improve the host's health. Here, we focus on uncovering the mechanisms by which phytonutrients and gut microbiota play roles in health, and the interrelationships between phytonutrients and gut microbiota were summarized. We also reviewed the studies that reported the efficacy of phytonutrients in human health and the future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juntao Kan
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Sequanta Technologies Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - Junrui Cheng
- Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Yuan Li
- Sequanta Technologies Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Yuexin Yang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, China
- Yuexin Yang
| | - Jun Du
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jun Du
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Huang J, Liu D, Wang Y, Liu L, Li J, Yuan J, Jiang Z, Jiang Z, Hsiao WLW, Liu H, Khan I, Xie Y, Wu J, Xie Y, Zhang Y, Fu Y, Liao J, Wang W, Lai H, Shi A, Cai J, Luo L, Li R, Yao X, Fan X, Wu Q, Liu Z, Yan P, Lu J, Yang M, Wang L, Cao Y, Wei H, Leung ELH. Ginseng polysaccharides alter the gut microbiota and kynurenine/tryptophan ratio, potentiating the antitumour effect of antiprogrammed cell death 1/programmed cell death ligand 1 (anti-PD-1/PD-L1) immunotherapy. Gut 2022; 71:734-745. [PMID: 34006584 PMCID: PMC8921579 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 94.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Programmed death 1 and its ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) immunotherapy is promising for late-stage lung cancer treatment, however, the response rate needs to be improved. Gut microbiota plays a crucial role in immunotherapy sensitisation and Panax ginseng has been shown to possess immunomodulatory potential. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the combination treatment of ginseng polysaccharides (GPs) and αPD-1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) could sensitise the response by modulating gut microbiota. DESIGN Syngeneic mouse models were administered GPs and αPD-1 mAb, the sensitising antitumour effects of the combination therapy on gut microbiota were assessed by faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and 16S PacBio single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing. To assess the immune-related metabolites, metabolomics analysis of the plasma samples was performed. RESULTS We found GPs increased the antitumour response to αPD-1 mAb by increasing the microbial metabolites valeric acid and decreasing L-kynurenine, as well as the ratio of Kyn/Trp, which contributed to the suppression of regulatory T cells and induction of Teff cells after combination treatment. Besides, the microbial analysis indicated that the abundance of Parabacteroides distasonis and Bacteroides vulgatus was higher in responders to anti-PD-1 blockade than non-responders in the clinic. Furthermore, the combination therapy sensitised the response to PD-1 inhibitor in the mice receiving microbes by FMT from six non-responders by reshaping the gut microbiota from non-responders towards that of responders. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that GPs combined with αPD-1 mAb may be a new strategy to sensitise non-small cell lung cancer patients to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. The gut microbiota can be used as a novel biomarker to predict the response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jumin Huang
- Dr Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Di Liu
- Computational Virology Group, Center for Bacteria and Virus Resources and Application, Wuhan Institute of Virology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuwei Wang
- Dr Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Dr Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Jian Li
- Precision Medicine Institute, Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihong Jiang
- Dr Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Zebo Jiang
- Dr Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - WL Wendy Hsiao
- Dr Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Haizhou Liu
- Computational Virology Group, Center for Bacteria and Virus Resources and Application, Wuhan Institute of Virology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Imran Khan
- Dr Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Ying Xie
- Dr Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Jianlin Wu
- Dr Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Yajia Xie
- Dr Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Yizhong Zhang
- Dr Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Dr Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Junyi Liao
- Dr Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Dr Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Huanling Lai
- Dr Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Axi Shi
- Dr Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Jun Cai
- Dr Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Lianxiang Luo
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Runze Li
- Dr Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Xiaojun Yao
- Dr Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Xingxing Fan
- Dr Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Qibiao Wu
- Dr Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Peiyu Yan
- Dr Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Jingguang Lu
- Dr Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Mingrong Yang
- Dr Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Dr Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Yabing Cao
- Department of Oncology, Kiang Wu Hospital, Macau, Macau, China
| | - Hong Wei
- Precision Medicine Institute, Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Elaine Lai-Han Leung
- Dr Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
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Cheng J, Li W, Wang Y, Cao Q, Ni Y, Zhang W, Guo J, Chen B, Zang Y, Zhu Y. Electroacupuncture modulates the intestinal microecology to improve intestinal motility in spinal cord injury rats. Microb Biotechnol 2021; 15:862-873. [PMID: 34797954 PMCID: PMC8913878 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a disease involving gastrointestinal disorders. The underlying mechanisms of the potential protective effects of electroacupuncture (EA) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) system on SCI remain unknown. We investigated whether EA improves gut microbial dysbiosis in SCI and regulates the 5-HT system. 16S rDNA gene sequencing was applied to investigate alterations in the gut microbiome of the rats. Faecal metabolites and the expression of the 5-HT system were detected. EA and faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) treatment facilitated intestinal transmission functional recovery and restored the colon morphology of SCI rats. The composition of the intestinal microbiota, including numbers of phylum Proteobacteria, class Clostridia, order Bacteroidales, and genus Dorea, were amplified in SCI rats, and EA and FMT significantly reshaped the intestinal microbiota. SCI resulted in disturbed metabolic conditions in rats, and the EA and FMT group showed increased amounts of catechin compared with SCI rats. SCI inhibited 5-HT system expression in the colon, which was significantly reversed by EA and FMT treatment. Therefore, EA may ameliorate SCI by modulating microbiota and metabolites and regulate the 5-HT system. Our study provides new insights into the pathogenesis and therapy of SCI from the perspective of microbiota and 5-HT regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cheng
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Weimin Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- The Ninth People's Hospital of Wuxi affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, China.,Department of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Cao
- Department of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.,Zigong Forth People's Hospital, Zigong, China
| | - Ying Ni
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenyi Zhang
- Zhongshan Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu Provincial People's Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiabao Guo
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Binglin Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yaning Zang
- Department of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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10
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de Lima GG, de Miranda NB, Timm TG, Matos M, Angelina Moraes de Lima T, Luiz Esteves Magalhães W, Benathar Ballod Tavares L, Hansel FA, Helm CV. Characterisation and in vivo evaluation of Araucaria angustifolia pinhão seed coat nanosuspension as a functional food source. Food Funct 2021; 11:9820-9832. [PMID: 33084703 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02256j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Araucaria angustifolia seeds from South America are culturally important; however, the seed coat is generally discarded and it has yet to find a beneficial commercial impact. Herein, we propose a new formulation for the use of the seed coat for the production of a food source. A nanosuspension was developed under two conditions, bleached and unbleached treatment. Initial characterisation of the seed coat, as well as the nanosuspension, was conducted, in which nanofibrils with antioxidant activity and high values of phenol and sterol classes with health-promoting ability were detected by GC-MS; however, after bleaching, the compounds were removed. The nanosuspension induced a decrease in cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose levels and weight gain when added to the daily rat diet. No significant differences were determined when bleach treatment was used, suggesting that dietary fibre plays a more significant role. Histology analysis and biochemical markers reported no toxicity from the rat ingestion of the nanoformulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Goetten de Lima
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia e Ciência dos Materiais - PIPE, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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11
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Huang Y, Yang Q, Mi X, Qiu L, Tao X, Zhang Z, Xia J, Wu Q, Wei H. Ripened Pu-erh Tea Extract Promotes Gut Microbiota Resilience against Dextran Sulfate Sodium Induced Colitis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:2190-2203. [PMID: 33570405 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c07537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ripened Pu-erh tea (RPT) has been shown to be an effective natural ingredient to defend against experimentally induced colitis. We hypothesized that RPT would alleviate dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) induced colitis via modulating intestinal microbiota. The effect of RPT on mice gut microbiota was evaluated using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, broad-spectrum antibiotic (ABX) treatment, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). Pretreatment with RPT enhanced intestinal barrier function, reduced colonic and serum proinflammatory cytokine and macrophage infiltration, and preserved the resilience of gut microbiota in mice during a DSS challenge. Administration of either RPT-regulated or healthy control-derived gut microbiota showed similar protection against colitis, and such protection could not be recapitulated with fecal microbiota from ABX-treated mice, suggesting a key role of protective consortium in the disease protection. Mechanistically, cecal contents of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and colonic peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) expression in colitis mice increased significantly by RPT intervention. Collectively, RPT treatment improved DSS-induced colitis by partially reversing the dysbiosis state of gut microbiota, which might be associated with an increase in SCFA level and PPAR-γ expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yina Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Mi
- Wanlongshan Tea Plantation, Pingxiang, Jiangxi 337000, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Qiu
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueying Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Xia
- Veterinary Medicine and Feed Supervision Institute, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330096, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinglong Wu
- Wanlongshan Tea Plantation, Pingxiang, Jiangxi 337000, People's Republic of China
- Texas Children's Microbiome Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Hua Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People's Republic of China
- Wanlongshan Tea Plantation, Pingxiang, Jiangxi 337000, People's Republic of China
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12
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Luo J, Li T, Xie J, Guo H, Liu L, Zhang G, Peng X. Guar gum different from Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide in alleviating colorectal cancer based on omics analysis. Food Funct 2020; 11:572-584. [PMID: 31853533 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02786f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
It is unclear if guar gum can alleviate colorectal cancer (CRC). We evaluated the effect of guar gum (unmodified) on the mortality, colon status, serous tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) concentration, and gut microbial and colonic epithelial cell gene expression profiles in CRC mice and performed omics analyses to compare these with those of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLP), whose main component is β-glucan (>90%). We found that guar gum had a CRC alleviating effect. However, it showed a 20% higher mortality rate, shorter colon length, worse colon status, larger number and size of tumors, higher concentration of serous TNF-α and upregulation of epithelial cell genes (Il10, Cytl1, Igkv7-33, Ighv1-14, Igfbp6 and Foxd3) compared to that of GLP. The higher relative abundance of Akkermansia, the alteration of microbial metabolic pathways, especially those involving chaperones and folding catalysts, fatty acid biosynthesis, glycerophospholipid metabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, lipid biosynthesis and pyruvate metabolism, and the upregulation of specific genes (Mcpt2, Mcpt9, Des and Sostdc1) were also determined in animals fed a guar gum diet. The results suggested that the alleviating effect of guar gum (an inexpensive polysaccharide) on CRC was inferior to that of GLP (a more expensive polysaccharide). This could potentially be attributed to the increased presence of Akkermansia, the alteration of 10 microbial metabolic pathways and the upregulation of 4 epithelial cell genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Luo
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China.
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13
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Prince PD, Fraga CG, Galleano M. (-)-Epicatechin administration protects kidneys against modifications induced by short-term l-NAME treatment in rats. Food Funct 2020; 11:318-327. [PMID: 31808777 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02234a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate the protective effects of (-)-epicatechin on the kidneys of NO-deprived rats. Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into three groups: control (C), receiving water and standard diet; l-NAME (L), receiving a solution of N(ω)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) (360 mg l-1 in water) as a beverage and standard diet; and l-NAME-(-)-epicatechin (LE), receiving l-NAME solution as a beverage and standard diet supplemented with (-)-epicatechin (4 g kg-1 diet). The L-group showed altered kidney function parameters, evaluated based on plasma urea and creatinine. In parallel, kidney oxidative stress markers, i.e. superoxide anion production, malondialdehyde content, and 3-nitrotyrosine protein adducts, were significantly increased in the L group. In addition, l-NAME treatment induced modifications in kidney NO bioavailability determinants: increased expression of NOX subunits (p47phox, gp91phox, NOXO1, and NOX4) and lowered NOS activity. (-)-Epicatechin administration restored kidney function parameters, oxidative stress markers, expression of p47phox, gp91phox, and NOX4 and NOS activity to control values. These results indicate that (-)-epicatechin can mitigate NO-mediated impairment of kidney function, in part due to its capacity to modulate NOXs, NOSs, and consequently oxidative stress, and NO bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula D Prince
- Cátedra de Fisicoquímica, Departamento de Química Analítica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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14
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Zhu Y, Zhang J, Chen F, Hu X, Xu D, Cao Y. Epimerisation and hydrolysis of catechins under ultrasonic treatment. Int J Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering National Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Agriculture China Agricultural University Beijing100083China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health Beijing Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Food Additives and Ingredients School of Food and Chemical Engineering Beijing Technology & Business University Beijing100048China
| | - Fang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering National Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Agriculture China Agricultural University Beijing100083China
| | - Xiaosong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering National Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Agriculture China Agricultural University Beijing100083China
| | - Duoxia Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health Beijing Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Food Additives and Ingredients School of Food and Chemical Engineering Beijing Technology & Business University Beijing100048China
| | - Yanping Cao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health Beijing Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Food Additives and Ingredients School of Food and Chemical Engineering Beijing Technology & Business University Beijing100048China
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15
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Liu Y, Luo L, Luo Y, Zhang J, Wang X, Sun K, Zeng L. Prebiotic Properties of Green and Dark Tea Contribute to Protective Effects in Chemical-Induced Colitis in Mice: A Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Study. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:6368-6380. [PMID: 32419454 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c02336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Green and dark tea extract (GTE/DTE) ameliorate chemical-induced colitis in mice; however, the role of gut microbiota in the anticolitis effects of green and dark tea in mice remains unclear. This study aims to explore the role of modulations in gut microbes mediated by green and dark tea in colitis mice by fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). Our results indicated that GTE and DTE (5 mg/kg bodyweight/day for 4 weeks) exhibited prebiotic effects on the donor mice. Moreover, the FMT treatments (transferring the microbiota daily from the 1 g/kg bodyweight fecal sample to each recipient) indicated that, compared with the fecal microbiota from the normal diet-treated donor mice, the fecal microbiota from the GTE- and DTE-treated donor mice significantly ameliorate colitis-related symptoms (e.g., loss of bodyweight, colonic inflammation, loss of barrier integrity, and gut microbiota dysbiosis) and downregulated the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway. Collectively, GTE and DTE ameliorate chemical-induced colitis by modulating gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyong Luo
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
- Tea Research Institute, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Yakun Luo
- Tea Research Institute of Puer, Puer, Yunnan 665000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Tea Research Institute of Puer, Puer, Yunnan 665000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinghua Wang
- Tea Research Institute of Puer, Puer, Yunnan 665000, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Sun
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
- Tea Research Institute, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Zeng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
- Tea Research Institute, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
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16
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Zou T, Wang B, Li S, Liu Y, You J. Dietary apple polyphenols promote fat browning in high-fat diet-induced obese mice through activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase α. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:2389-2398. [PMID: 31916584 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Promoting brown and beige adipogenesis contributes to adaptive thermogenesis, which provides a defense against obesity and related disorders. Apple polyphenols (APs) play a significant role in treating variety of metabolic diseases. This study was conducted to determine the effects of APs on the development of brown and beige adipocytes and thermogenesis and investigate whether these effects are mediated by adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK). High-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice and differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes were subjected to APs treatment. The thermogenic program and associated regulatory factors, and the involvement of AMPKα was assessed. RESULTS Dietary APs supplementation reduced adiposity and improved insulin sensitivity in HFD-induced obese mice. Moreover, APs increased the oxygen consumption and heat production and decreased respiratory exchange ratio, which were accompanied by the upregulation of thermogenic genes expression and the activation of AMPKα in brown fat and inguinal white fat. Further, APs treatment directly increased expression of brown adipogenic markers and induced phosphorylation of AMPKα in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes, whereas the beneficial effects of APs were reversed by AMPK inhibition. CONCLUSION Our results provide new insights into the function of APs in regulating brown/beige adipogenesis and adaptive thermogenesis and suggest the potential application of APs in the prevention and therapeutics of obesity and associated metabolic diseases. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiande Zou
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Li
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jinming You
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
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17
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Liu J, Li Y, Sun C, Liu S, Yan Y, Pan H, Fan M, Xue L, Nie C, Zhang H, Qian H, Ying H, Wang L. Geniposide reduces cholesterol accumulation and increases its excretion by regulating the FXR-mediated liver-gut crosstalk of bile acids. Pharmacol Res 2020; 152:104631. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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18
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Liu J, He Z, Ma N, Chen ZY. Beneficial Effects of Dietary Polyphenols on High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity Linking with Modulation of Gut Microbiota. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:33-47. [PMID: 31829012 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b06817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is caused by an imbalance of energy intake and expenditure. It is characterized by a higher accumulation of body fat with a chronic low-grade inflammation. Many reports have shown that gut microbiota in the host plays a pivotal role in mediating the interaction between consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) and onset of obesity. Accumulative evidence has suggested that the changes in the composition of gut microbiota may affect the host's energy homeostasis, systemic inflammation, lipid metabolism, and insulin sensitivity. As one of the major components in human diet, polyphenols have demonstrated to be capable of modulating the composition of gut microbiota and reducing the HFD-induced obesity. The present review summarizes the findings of recent studies on dietary polyphenols regarding their metabolism and interaction with bacteria in the intestine as well as the underlying mechanisms by which they modulate the gut microbiota and alleviate the HFD-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Nanjing University of Finance & Economics , Nanjing , China
- School of Life Sciences , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin NT , Hong Kong , China
| | - Zouyan He
- School of Life Sciences , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin NT , Hong Kong , China
| | - Ning Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Nanjing University of Finance & Economics , Nanjing , China
- School of Life Sciences , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin NT , Hong Kong , China
| | - Zhen-Yu Chen
- School of Life Sciences , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin NT , Hong Kong , China
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19
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Bao N, Chen F, Dai D. The Regulation of Host Intestinal Microbiota by Polyphenols in the Development and Prevention of Chronic Kidney Disease. Front Immunol 2020; 10:2981. [PMID: 31969882 PMCID: PMC6960133 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are essential antioxidants in our regular diet, and have shown potential antibacterial effects. Other important biological effects, such as anticancer or antibacterial activities, have been demonstrated by some polyphenols. In recent years, the benefits of polyphenols to human health have attracted increasing attention from the scientific community. Recent studies have shown that polyphenols such as anthocyanin, catechin, chlorogenic acid, and resveratrol can inhibit pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella to help regulate intestinal microflora. An imbalance of intestinal microflora and the destruction of intestinal barrier function have been found to have a potential relationship with the occurrence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Specifically, they can aberrantly trigger the immune system to cause inflammation, increase the production of uremic toxins, and further worsen the condition of CKD. Therefore, the maintenance of intestinal microflora and the intestinal tract in a stable and healthy state may be able to "immunize" patients against CKD, and treat pre-existing disease. The use of common antibiotics may lead to drug resistance in pathogens, and thus beneficial polyphenols may be suitable natural substitutes for antibiotics. Herein we review the ability of different polyphenols, such as anthocyanin, catechin, chlorogenic acid, and resveratrol, to regulate intestinal microorganisms, inhibit pathogenic bacteria, and improve inflammation. In addition, we review the ability of different polyphenols to reduce kidney injury, as described in recent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naren Bao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fangjie Chen
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Di Dai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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20
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Wang Q, Jia M, Zhao Y, Hui Y, Pan J, Yu H, Yan S, Dai X, Liu X, Liu Z. Supplementation of Sesamin Alleviates Stress-Induced Behavioral and Psychological Disorders via Reshaping the Gut Microbiota Structure. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:12441-12451. [PMID: 31674783 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Sesamin, a lignan from sesame seed, has been reported to attenuate chronic mild stress-induced depressive-like behaviors. Gut microbiota play pivotal roles in mediating psychological behaviors by regulating gut barrier integrity and systemic inflammatory responses. Here, we found that oral sesamin administration (50 mg/kg·bodyweight/day) significantly attenuated depressive, aversive, repetitive, and anxiety-like behaviors in a long-term multiple nonsocial stress-treated mice model. Sesamin inhibited stress-induced gut barrier integrity damage, reduced circulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels, and suppressed neuroinflammatory responses. Moreover, sesamin treatment also restructured the gut microbiome by enhancing the relative abundances of Bacteroidales and S24-7. The correlation analysis indicated that the microbiota composition changes were strongly correlated with behavioral disorders, serotonin, norepinephrine, and LPS levels. In conclusion, sesamin has preventive effects on stress-induced behavioral and psychological disorders, which might be highly related to the reshaped microbiota composition. This study provides a clue for understanding the systemic mechanism of anti-depression effects of sesamin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianxu Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling 712100 , China
| | - Mengzhen Jia
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling 712100 , China
| | - Yihang Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling 712100 , China
| | - Yan Hui
- Department of Food Science , University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen 1958 , Denmark
- BGI Institute of Applied Agriculture , BGI-Shenzhen , Shenzhen 518120 , China
| | - Junru Pan
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling 712100 , China
| | - Hongfei Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling 712100 , China
| | - Shikai Yan
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling 712100 , China
| | - Xiaoshuang Dai
- BGI Institute of Applied Agriculture , BGI-Shenzhen , Shenzhen 518120 , China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling 712100 , China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling 712100 , China
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21
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Li YT, Ye JZ, Lv LX, Xu H, Yang LY, Jiang XW, Wu WR, Shi D, Fang DQ, Bian XY, Wang KC, Wang QQ, Xie JJ, Lu YM, Li LJ. Pretreatment With Bacillus cereus Preserves Against D-Galactosamine-Induced Liver Injury in a Rat Model. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1751. [PMID: 31417535 PMCID: PMC6685349 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacillus cereus (B. cereus) functions as a probiotic in animals, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We aim to evaluate the protective effects and definite mechanism by which orally administered B. cereus prevents D-galactosamine (D-GalN)-induced liver injury in rats. Twenty-one Sprague–Dawley rats were equally assigned into three groups (N = 7 animals per group). B. cereus ATCC11778 (2 × 109 colony-forming units/ml) was administered to the B. cereus group via gavage, and phosphate-buffered saline was administered to the positive control (PC) and negative control (NC) groups for 2 weeks. The PC and B. cereus groups received 1.1 g/kg D-GalN via an intraperitoneal injection to induce liver injury. The blood, terminal ileum, liver, kidney and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) were collected for histological examinations and to evaluate bacterial translocation. Liver function was also determined. Fecal samples were collected for deep sequencing of the 16S rRNA on an Illumina MiSeq platform. B. cereus significantly attenuated D-GalN-induced liver injury and improved serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and serum cholinesterase levels (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively). B. cereus modulated cytokine secretion, as indicated by the elevated levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) in both the liver and plasma (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively) and the substantially decreased levels of the cytokine IL-13 in the liver (P < 0.05). Pretreatment with B. cereus attenuated anoxygenic bacterial translocation in the veins (P < 0.05) and liver (P < 0.05) and upregulated the expression of the tight junction protein 1. The gut microbiota from the B. cereus group clustered separately from that of the PC group, with an increase in species of the Ruminococcaceae and Peptococcaceae families and a decrease in those of the Parabacteroides, Paraprevotella, and Desulfovibrio families. The potential probiotic B. cereus attenuated liver injury by restoring the gut flora balance and enhancing the intestinal barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Zhong Ye
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Long-Xian Lv
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiaoshan Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li-Ya Yang
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xian-Wan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Rui Wu
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ding Shi
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dai-Qiong Fang
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yuan Bian
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kai-Cen Wang
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiang-Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiao-Jiao Xie
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Meng Lu
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lan-Juan Li
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
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22
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Wisnuwardani RW, De Henauw S, Forsner M, Gottrand F, Huybrechts I, Knaze V, Kersting M, Donne CL, Manios Y, Marcos A, Molnár D, Rothwell JA, Scalbert A, Sjöström M, Widhalm K, Moreno LA, Michels N. Polyphenol intake and metabolic syndrome risk in European adolescents: the HELENA study. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:801-812. [PMID: 30903362 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-01946-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The role of polyphenol intake during adolescence to prevent metabolic syndrome (MetS) is little explored. This study aimed to evaluate the association between intake of total polyphenols, polyphenol classes and the 10 most consumed individual polyphenols with MetS risk in European adolescents. METHODS Of the cross-sectional HELENA study, 657 adolescents (54% girls; 14.8% overweight; 12.5-17.5 year) had a fasting blood sample and polyphenol intake data from two non-consecutive 24-h recalls matched with the Phenol-Explorer database. MetS was defined via the pediatric American Heart Association definition. Multilevel linear regressions examined the associations of polyphenol quartiles with MetS components, while logistic regression examined the associations with MetS risk. RESULTS After adjusting for all potential confounders (socio-demographics and nine nutrients), total polyphenol intake, polyphenol classes and individual polyphenols were not associated with MetS risk. From all MetS components, only BMI z-score was modestly inversely associated with total polyphenol intake. Further sub analyses on polyphenol classes revealed that flavonoid intake was significantly associated with higher diastolic blood pressure and lower BMI, and phenolic acid intake was associated with higher low-density cholesterol. For individual polyphenols, the above BMI findings were often confirmed (not independent from dietary intake) and a few associations were found with insulin resistance. CONCLUSION Higher intakes of total polyphenols and flavonoids were inversely associated with BMI. No consistent associations were found for other MetS components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratih Wirapuspita Wisnuwardani
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, C.Heymanslaan 10-4K3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium. .,Department of Public Health Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Mulawarman University, Samarinda, East Kalimantan, Indonesia.
| | - Stefaan De Henauw
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, C.Heymanslaan 10-4K3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maria Forsner
- Department of Nursing, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,School of Education, Health and Social Sciences, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden
| | | | - Inge Huybrechts
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, C.Heymanslaan 10-4K3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Viktoria Knaze
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Mathilde Kersting
- Research Department of Child Nutrition, Pediatric University Clinic Bochum, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Cinzia Le Donne
- CREA Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina, 546, 00178, Rome, Italy
| | - Yannis Manios
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Ascensión Marcos
- Immunonutrition Research Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dénes Molnár
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pécs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Joseph A Rothwell
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Augustin Scalbert
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Michael Sjöström
- Department of Bioscience and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kurt Widhalm
- Department of Pediatric, Division of Clinical Nutrition, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Luis A Moreno
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health Science, University of Zaragoza, Edificio del SAI, C/Pedro Cerbuna s/n, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Nathalie Michels
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, C.Heymanslaan 10-4K3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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23
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Zhang C, Xie J, Li X, Luo J, Huang X, Liu L, Peng X. Alliin alters gut microbiota and gene expression of colonic epithelial tissues. J Food Biochem 2019; 43:e12795. [PMID: 31353605 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alliin is a natural organosulfur-containing phytochemical in garlic. It is possible that alliin can regulate the gut microbiota for its strong antimicrobial activity against many pathogens. Here, we assessed whether alliin impacts the distal small intestinal bacteria, hence the cecal microbiota, thus altering the gene expression of colonic epithelial tissues (CETs). Eighty mg/kg alliin was orally administered to rats for 14 days, and the 16S rDNA from small intestinal and cecal microbiota as well as mRNA from CETs were sequenced and analyzed. The results showed that alliin consumption affected microbiota composition in both the small intestine and cecum, although there was only one specific genus, Allobaculum that was significantly altered in the rat cecum. The altered composition of microbiota indirectly impacted 174 genes in the CETs. Specifically, five genes, including RT1-Ba, RT1-Bb, Cd80, Madcam1, and Aicda, indicated this consumption related to the intestinal immune network for IgA production. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: We firstly reported alliin consumption in vivo potentially affected the intestinal immunity of healthy rats by slightly alteration of microbiota composition in small intestine and cecum. The alteration subsequently amplified, resulting in the change of the colonic epithelial expression of several genes related to the intestinal immune network for IgA production. Hence, we suggested the alliin consumption may potentially affect the immune system of healthy individuals by alteration of gut microbiota and epithelial gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinli Xie
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuanwei Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianming Luo
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuesong Huang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liu Liu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xichun Peng
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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24
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Xie J, Liu Y, Chen B, Zhang G, Ou S, Luo J, Peng X. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide improves rat DSS-induced colitis by altering cecal microbiota and gene expression of colonic epithelial cells. Food Nutr Res 2019; 63:1559. [PMID: 30814921 PMCID: PMC6387425 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v63.1559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The effects of β-glucan on colitis mice are contradictory in previous reports. As a result, it is still unclear whether there is an anti-colitis effect in Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLP), which is mainly composed of β-glucan. Moreover, the association between GLP function and gut microbiota remains to be elucidated. Objective This study aimed to investigate whether GLP consumption improved rat dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis by regulating gut microbiota and altering colonic epithelial expression. Design The disease activity index (DAI) scores and the cecal short chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels of DSS-induced colitis rats fed with a GLP diet (Group GLP, n = 6) and a control diet (Group Con, n = 6) were investigated and analyzed. Moreover, the profiles of gut microbiota and colonic epithelial expression were analyzed using metagenomics and transcriptomics. Results GLP consumption significantly lowered animal DAI scores by producing more SCFAs by increasing SCFA-producing bacteria such as Ruminococcus_1 and reducing pathogens such as Escherichia-Shigella in both the small intestine and cecum of rat. Moreover, GLP consumption regulated 11 genes, including six upregulated (Ccl5, Cd3e, Cd8a, Il21r, Lck, and Trbv) and five downregulated (Ccl3, Gro, Il11, Mhc2, and Ptgs) genes enriched in six inflammation-related Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways, resulting in enhancement of immunity and reduction of inflammatory response and colonic cancer risk. Conclusions GLP consumption alleviated DSS-induced colitis and may have potential for ulcerative colitis relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinli Xie
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanghanxiu Liu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bohui Chen
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangwen Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiyi Ou
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianming Luo
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xichun Peng
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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25
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Causal Relationship between Diet-Induced Gut Microbiota Changes and Diabetes: A Novel Strategy to Transplant Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in Preventing Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123720. [PMID: 30467295 PMCID: PMC6320976 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of metabolic disorders, including diabetes, has elevated exponentially during the last decades and enhanced the risk of a variety of complications, such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. In the present review, we have highlighted the new insights on the complex relationships between diet-induced modulation of gut microbiota and metabolic disorders, including diabetes. Literature from various library databases and electronic searches (ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar) were randomly collected. There exists a complex relationship between diet and gut microbiota, which alters the energy balance, health impacts, and autoimmunity, further causes inflammation and metabolic dysfunction, including diabetes. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii is a butyrate-producing bacterium, which plays a vital role in diabetes. Transplantation of F. prausnitzii has been used as an intervention strategy to treat dysbiosis of the gut’s microbial community that is linked to the inflammation, which precedes autoimmune disease and diabetes. The review focuses on literature that highlights the benefits of the microbiota especially, the abundant of F. prausnitzii in protecting the gut microbiota pattern and its therapeutic potential against inflammation and diabetes.
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26
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Kleber Silveira A, Moresco KS, Mautone Gomes H, da Silva Morrone M, Kich Grun L, Pens Gelain D, de Mattos Pereira L, Giongo A, Rodrigues De Oliveira R, Fonseca Moreira JC. Guarana (Paullinia cupana Mart.) alters gut microbiota and modulates redox status, partially via caffeine in Wistar rats. Phytother Res 2018; 32:2466-2474. [PMID: 30277282 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Microbiota alterations are observed in pathological conditions, and their regulation is a subject of great interest. Gut microbes are affected by diet, and plant polyphenols may have positive effect on gut microbiota; however, plant-derived extracts may have toxic effects. Guarana (Paullinia cupana Mart.) is a nontraditional medicinal plant applied worldwide. Guarana yields an alkaloid and polyphenol-rich seed with antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, where caffeine is the major compound. We evaluated the effects of guarana seed powder (GSP) and purified caffeine on gut microbial composition and redox and inflammatory parameters in Wistar rats after 21 days of treatment. Fecal microbiota was analyzed utilizing 16S rDNA sequencing. Antioxidant enzymes activities from liver, kidney, and colon, as well as oxidative damage markers, were evaluated. Total nonenzymatic antioxidant potential was also evaluated. Microbiota was altered by both treatments, GSP and caffeine, without loss of diversity. In the liver, the kidney, and the colon, we observed a decrease in the antioxidant enzymes activities in the GSP group with no increase in the expression of oxidative damage markers, although some enzymes were also regulated by caffeine. Taken together, these results suggested that GSP ameliorates redox parameters but negatively affected gut microbiota, partially via caffeine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Kleber Silveira
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Karla Suzana Moresco
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Henrique Mautone Gomes
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Maurílio da Silva Morrone
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucas Kich Grun
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniel Pens Gelain
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Leandro de Mattos Pereira
- Institute of Petroleum and Natural Resources, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Adriana Giongo
- Institute of Petroleum and Natural Resources, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Rodrigues De Oliveira
- Institute of Petroleum and Natural Resources, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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27
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Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide alleviating colorectal cancer by alteration of special gut bacteria and regulation of gene expression of colonic epithelial cells. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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