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Fahmy NM, Fayez S, Mohamed RW, Elissawy AM, Eldahshan OA, Zengin G, Singab ANB. Moringa oleifera flowers: insights into their aroma chemistry, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and enzyme inhibitory properties. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:286. [PMID: 39061039 PMCID: PMC11282830 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04579-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Moringa oleifera is a highly nutritious plant widely used in traditional medicine. RESULTS The aroma constituents present in the fresh flowers of M. oleifera versus the hydrodistilled oil and hexane extract were studied using GC-MS. Aldehydes were the major class detected in the fresh flowers (64.75%) with E-2-hexenal being the predominant component constituting > 50%. Alkane hydrocarbons, monoterpenes, and aldehydes constituted > 50% of the hydrodistilled oil, while alkane hydrocarbons exclusively constitute up to 65.48% of the hexane extract with heptacosane being the major component (46.2%). The cytotoxicity of the hexane extract was assessed on RAW 264.7 macrophages using the MTT assay which revealed no significant cytotoxicity at concentrations of 1 µg/mL and displayed IC50 value at 398.53 µg/mL as compared to celecoxib (anti-inflammatory drug) with IC50 value at 274.55 µg/ml. The hexane extract of Moringa flowers displayed good anti-inflammatory activity through suppression of NO, IL-6, and TNF-α in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. The total phenolic and flavonoid content in the hexane extract was found to be 12.51 ± 0.28 mg GAE/g extract and 0.16 ± 0.01 mg RuE/g extract, respectively. It displayed moderate antioxidant activity as indicated by the in vitro DPPH, ABTS, CUPRAC, FRAP, and phosphomolybdenum (PBA) assays. No metal chelating properties were observed for the extract. The enzyme inhibitory potential of the hexane extract was evaluated on acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterases (for neuroprotective assessment), α-amylase and α-glucosidase (for antihyperglycemic assessment), and tyrosinase (for dermoprotective assessment) revealing promising results on cholinesterases, tyrosinase, and α-glucosidase. CONCLUSION Our findings suggested that M. oleifera leaves can be considered as a multidirectional ingredient for preparing functional applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouran M Fahmy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa Fayez
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Radwa Wahid Mohamed
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Women's College for Arts Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Elissawy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
- Center for Drug Discovery Research and Development, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Omayma A Eldahshan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
- Center for Drug Discovery Research and Development, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, 42130, Türkiye
| | - Abdel Nasser B Singab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
- Center for Drug Discovery Research and Development, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
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Beheshti F, Vakilian A, Navari M, Zare Moghaddam M, Dinpanah H, Ahmadi-Soleimani SM. Effects of Ocimum basilicum L. Extract on Hippocampal Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and BDNF Expression in Amnesic Aged Rats. Exp Aging Res 2024; 50:443-458. [PMID: 37154241 DOI: 10.1080/0361073x.2023.2210240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of Ocimum basilicum L. (OB) extract on learning and memory impairment in aged rats. Male rats were divided into the following experimental groups: Group 1 (control): including 2 months old rats, Group 2 (aged) including 2 years old rats, Groups 3-5 (aged-OB): including 2 years old rats received 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg OB for 8 weeks by oral gavage. Aging increased the delay to find the platform but, however, decreased the time spent in the target quadrant when tested by Morris water maze (MWM). Aging also reduced the latency to enter the dark chamber in the passive avoidance (PA) test compared to the control group. Moreover, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were raised in the hippocampus and cortex of aged rats. In contrast, thiol levels and enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) significantly reduced. In addition, aging significantly reduced BDNF expression. Finally, OB administration reversed the mentioned effects. The current research showed that OB administration improves learning/memory impairment induced by aging. It also found that this plant extract protects the brain tissues from oxidative damage and neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farimah Beheshti
- Neuroscience Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
- Departments of Physiology, School of Medicine, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Arefeh Vakilian
- Student Research Committee, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Mohsen Navari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
- Research Center of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Mostafa Zare Moghaddam
- Student Research Committee, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Hossein Dinpanah
- Bioinformatics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Dey Educational Hospital, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - S Mohammad Ahmadi-Soleimani
- Neuroscience Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
- Departments of Physiology, School of Medicine, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
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AbouZeid EM, Hussein RA, Salama AA, Youssef FS, El-Ahmady SH, Ammar NM, Afifi AH. Metabolomic study of the estrogenic and anti-osteoporotic potential of Erythrina bidwillii leaf. Biomed Chromatogr 2024; 38:e5810. [PMID: 38146195 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Erythrina bidwillii Lindl., Leguminosae, constitutes a valuable crop for horticulture and medicine; however, it is rarely investigated. Menopause is a crucial transitional period in women's health. Women worldwide consider the use of phytoestrogens as a safe hormone replacement therapy to alleviate detrimental menopausal symptoms. Thus, the discovery of novel phytoestrogens is highly demanded. The present study aimed to investigate, for the first time, the metabolomic profile and the estrogenic potential of E. bidwillii Lindl. leaf. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolite profiling revealed the prevalence of alkaloids, flavonoids, isoflavonoids and fatty acids. Additionally, five erythrinan alkaloids, cristanine A (1), 8-oxoerythraline (2), (+)-erythrinine (3), (+)-erythraline (4) and 8-oxoerythrinine (5), along with the isoflavonoid genistin (6), were isolated. Erythrina bidwillii leaf extract exhibited significant in vivo estrogenic, anti-osteoporotic, anti-hyperlipidemic, hepatoprotective, and nephroprotective activities, utilizing ovariectomized rat model. Moreover, ethyl acetate and hexane fractions possessed significant in vitro estrogeic potential on MCF-7 cell lines. An in silico study of the isolated metabolites revealed that (+)-erythrinine (3) and 8-oxoerythrinine (5) exhibited the highest affinity for ERα and ERβ, respectively, modeling them as potential estrogenic lead metabolites. Therefore, E. bidwillii leaf could be employed as promising hormone replacement therapy for postmenopausal women after thorough clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enaam M AbouZeid
- Department of Pharmacognosy, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rehab A Hussein
- Department of Pharmacognosy, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abeer A Salama
- Department of Pharmacology, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Fadia S Youssef
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sherweit H El-Ahmady
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed H Afifi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
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Ha NY, Jeong H, Son J, Cha MR, Song S, Hwang JH, Kim J. Preliminary investigation of a combined herbal extract of Aruncus dioicus, Cirsium nipponicum, and Ocimum basilicum for halitosis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37061. [PMID: 38363943 PMCID: PMC10869069 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Halitosis, the unpleasant odor in the oral cavity, has garnered increased attention and concern due to the growing significance of social interaction. SGE-107, a blend of 3 botanical drugs-Korean goat's beard, Cirsium tanakae, and Basil-with caffeic acid as its indicator component. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of SGE-107 in treating halitosis in patients with mild gastrointestinal symptoms. METHODS We enrolled 25 participants with oral malodor and dyspeptic symptoms. We assessed the severity of halitosis using the visual analog scale. Throughout a 4-week period of administering SGE-107, we evaluated both objective and subjective parameters, including the halitosis-associated life-quality test, the Korean gastrointestinal symptom rating scale, levels of volatile sulfur compounds, salivary flow rate, oral moisture, tongue index, Winkel tongue coating index, and tongue temperature. RESULTS After the intervention period, both the visual analog scale (5.88 ± 1.03 vs 2.38 ± 0.93, P < .001) and the scores of the halitosis-associated life-quality test (31.21 ± 11.78 vs 13.83 ± 6.38, P < .001) showed significant reductions. The proportion of participants with abnormal levels of methyl mercaptan (a volatile sulfur compound) also significantly decreased (17, 70.8% vs 9, 37.5%, P = .039). Furthermore, there were significant improvements in reflux, constipation, diarrhea, and the total scores on the Korean gastrointestinal symptom rating scale. Throughout the study period, only 2 participants experienced mild adverse events. CONCLUSION SGE-107 appears to be a safe and effective treatment for halitosis-associated with gastrointestinal symptoms; nevertheless, the limited sample size necessitates further large-scale randomized, controlled studies to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Yeon Ha
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Korean Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Digestive Diseases, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Haein Jeong
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Korean Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Digestive Diseases, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Juah Son
- USCAREPHARM Co., Ltd., Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ran Cha
- USCAREPHARM Co., Ltd., Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukjin Song
- USCAREPHARM Co., Ltd., Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jinsung Kim
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Korean Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Digestive Diseases, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Bawish BM, Rabab MA, Gohari ST, Khattab MS, AbdElkader NA, Elsharkawy SH, Ageez AM, Zaki MM, Kamel S, Ismail EM. Promising effect of Geranium robertianum L. leaves and Aloe vera gel powder on Aspirin ®-induced gastric ulcers in Wistar rats: anxiolytic behavioural effect, antioxidant activity, and protective pathways. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:3183-3201. [PMID: 37184667 PMCID: PMC10692037 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01205-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many drugs have been restricted in the treatment of gastric ulcers (GU). So, herbal medicines are now in great demand for their better cultural acceptability, compatibility, and minimal side effects. Therefore, our study aimed to assess the protective efficacy of Aloe vera gel and Geranium robertianum extracts against Aspirin®-induced GU in Wistar rats. METHODS Antioxidant activity and chemical composition of both herbs were analysed. Then, we divided forty female Wistar rats into five groups: a negative control group, a positive control group of Aspirin®-induced GU, and pretreated groups with Aloe Vera, geranium, and Famotidine (reference drug). The locomotor disability, anxiety-like behaviour, and ultrasonography were assessed. Ultimately, scarification of animals to determine gastric juice pH and ulcer index. Then the collection of stomach and liver for histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations, besides tracing the oxidative stress biomarkers and related genes. RESULTS High content of polyphenols was revealed in both extracts. The pretreatment with Aloe vera gel and geranium showed significant antioxidant activities with free radical scavenging and ferric-reducing power (FRAP). Moreover, they improved the stomach architecture and alleviated anxiety-like behaviour and motor deficits. They significantly reduced the expression of proinflammatory cytokine (TNF-α), inflammatory, and oxidative stress genes (NF-KB, HO-1, Nrf-2) while increasing the Keap-1 in gastric mucosa. CONCLUSION Data presented a significant protective effect of Aloe vera gel and geranium against Aspirin®-induced GU; they reduced gastric mucosal injury with potential anxiolytic effects through their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Therefore, they may be considered promising agents for preventing or treating gastric ulceration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basma M Bawish
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Mariem A Rabab
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), 6th October City, 12573, Egypt
| | - Safaa T Gohari
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Home Economics, Faculty of Specific Education, Ain Shams University, Ain Shams, 11566, Egypt
| | - Marwa S Khattab
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Naglaa A AbdElkader
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Samar H Elsharkawy
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Amr M Ageez
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), 6th October City, 12573, Egypt
| | - Manal M Zaki
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa Kamel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Eman M Ismail
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
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Chen X, Yang D, Wang Q, Zhou A. Gastroprotective Effects of the Aqueous Extract of Finger Citron Pickled Products against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Damage: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. Foods 2023; 12:2355. [PMID: 37372566 DOI: 10.3390/foods12122355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Finger citron pickled products (FCPP), as folk remedies, are famous in southern China for protecting gastric mucosa. However, the gastric mucosa protection of FCPP has not been reported yet, and its effective mechanism is unclear. In this study, the protective mechanism of FCPP aqueous extract on gastric mucosa was investigated in vitro and in vivo for the first time, using human gastric mucosa epithelial cells (GES-1) and acute alcoholic gastric ulcer rat model respectively. Furthermore, we also investigated the main substances in the aqueous extract that exert gastroprotective activity using a GES-1 scratch test and basic chemical composition analysis. FCPP aqueous extract was found to play a protective and reparative role in GES-1 by promoting the secretion of trefoil factor thyroid transcription factor 2 (TFF2) and inhibiting the secretion of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in cells damaged by alcohol. The ulcer index of gastric tissue induced by alcohol was significantly decreased (p < 0.01) after pretreatment with FCPP aqueous extract, indicating that FCPP aqueous extract had a good protective effect on the stomach mucosa. Moreover, FCPP aqueous extract could increase superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and inhibit malondialdehyde (MDA) content, exhibiting good antioxidant capacity. Aqueous extract of FCPP could also effectively inhibit the increase of cytokines TNF-α, interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in serum of rats, and promote the increase of anti-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-10 (IL-10) to some extent. Furthermore, FCPP aqueous extract could inhibit the expression of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB/P65) protein, caspase-1 protein and IL-1β protein in the gastric tissue of rats, while promoting the expression of IκBα protein, indicating that the gastric mucosa protection effects of FCPP aqueous extract were mainly dependent on the NF-κB/caspase-1/IL-1β axis. The polysaccharides in FCPP aqueous extract might be the main components that exerted gastroprotective activity, as demonstrated by GES-1 cell scratch assay. This study confirmed that FCPP aqueous extract presented promising potential in protecting gastric mucosa and avoiding gastric ulcers, which could provide an experimental basis for further utilizing the medicinal value and developing new products of FCPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoai Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Dan Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Aimei Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Protective Effect of Foxtail Millet Protein Hydrolysate on Ethanol and Pyloric Ligation-Induced Gastric Ulcers in Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122459. [PMID: 36552666 PMCID: PMC9774519 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Foxtail millet has been traditionally considered to possess gastroprotective effects, but studies evaluating its use as a treatment for gastric ulcers are lacking. Here, we assessed the antiulcer effects of foxtail millet protein hydrolysate (FPH) and explored its mechanism by using blocking agents. In a mouse model of ethanol-induced gastric ulcers, pretreatment with FPH reduced the ulcerative lesion index, downregulated the expression of inflammatory cytokines in the gastric tissue, increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and improved the oxidative status. FPH increased constitutive the activity of nitric oxide synthase (cNOS), NO levels, and mucin expression in gastric mucosa, and inhibited the activation of the ET-1/PI3K/Akt pathway. In a mouse model of pyloric ligation-induced gastric ulcers, FPH inhibited gastric acid secretion and decreased the activity of gastric protease. Pretreatment of mice with the sulfhydryl blocker NEM and the NO synthesis inhibitor L-NAME abolished the gastroprotective effect of FPH, but not the KATP channel blocker glibenclamide and the PGE2 synthesis blocker indomethacin. Among the peptides identified in FPH, 10 peptides were predicted to have regulatory effects on the gastric mucosa, and the key sequences were GP and PG. The results confirmed the gastroprotective effect of FPH and revealed that its mechanism was through the regulation of gastric mucosal mucus and NO synthesis. This study supports the health effects of a millet-enriched diet and provides a basis for millet protein as a functional food to improve gastric ulcers and its related oxidative stress.
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C-Phycocyanin and Lycium barbarum Polysaccharides Protect against Aspirin-Induced Inflammation and Apoptosis in Gastric RGM-1 Cells. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14235113. [PMID: 36501143 PMCID: PMC9736128 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspirin causes gastrotoxicity and damaged epithelial defense via cyclooxygenase inhibition. C-phycocyanin (CPC) and Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP), an active ingredient of Spirulina platensis and wolfberry, respectively, exerted antioxidation, anti-inflammation, and/or immunoregulation. The actions of CPC and/or LBP on gastric damage induced by aspirin were explored in rat gastric mucosal RGM-1 cells. Gastric injury was performed by 21 mM aspirin for 3 h after the pretreatment of CPC and/or LBP (100-500 μg/mL) for 24 h in RGM-1 cells. Proinflammatory, anti-inflammatory, and apoptotic markers were examined by ELISA or gel electrophoresis and Western blotting. Cell viability and interleukin 10 (IL-10) were reduced by aspirin. Increased proinflammatory markers, caspase 3 activity, and Bax protein were observed in RGM-1 cells with aspirin treatment. Aspirin elevated nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p38, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation, while CPC and/or LBP increased IL-10, and attenuated proinflammatory markers, Bax protein, NF-κB, and the activation of ERK and JNK. Therefore, CPC and/or LBP possess anti-inflammation by restraining the activation of the ERK signaling pathway, and LBP decreases apoptosis by suppressing the JNK signaling pathway activation in gastric RGM-1 cells with aspirin-induced epithelial damage.
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Liu J, Fang J, Zhang J, Wang D, Zhang Z, Wang C, Sun J, Chen J, Li H, Jing S. Protective Effect of Anwulignan on Gastric Injury Induced by Indomethacin in Mice. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2022; 383:80-90. [PMID: 36041883 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.121.001055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Anwulignan (AN) is a monomer lignan from Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd. et Wits (Schisandra sphenanthera fructus, Schisandra sphenanthera). The protective effect of AN against the indomethacin (IND)-induced gastric injury to mice and the related mechanism of action was investigated in this study. The effect of AN was mainly assessed by observing the gastric tissue morphology, gastric ulcer index (GUI), ulcer inhibition rate (UIR), gastric juice volume (GJV) and pH value. Chemical colorimetry, immunofluorescence, ELISA, and Western blot were used to detect related factors in the gastric tissue. The results showed that AN reduced the GUI, increased the UIR, inhibited the GJV, and increased the gastric pH value. AN significantly increased cyclooxygenase-1, cyclooxygenase-2, and prostaglandin E2 expression levels in the gastric tissue, activated nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2), increased heme oxygenase-1 expression, enhanced the activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, and decreased the malondialdehyde content. AN reduced the phosphorylation of nuclear factor-κ gene binding (NF-κB) p65 and its nuclear translocation, the key protein of NF-κB signaling pathway in the gastric tissue, and the content of the pathway downstream signaling molecules, including interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α, to play an anti-inflammatory role. AN inhibited the downstream signals B-cell lymphoma 2-associated x protein and cleaved caspase-3 in gastric tissue, and activated B-cell lymphoma 2, to play an antiapoptotic role, which were further verified by Hoechst staining. Therefore, AN has a significant protection against the gastric injury induced by IND in mice, and the mechanism may be concerned in its activation of Nrf2, inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway, and anti-apoptotic effect. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Anwulignan (AN) significantly reduced the indomethacin-induced gastric injury in mice, and its antioxidation, anti-inflammation, and antiapoptosis were considered to be involve in the effect, suggesting that AN should be a potential drug or food supplement for gastric injury induced by indomethacin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Liu
- College of Pharmacy (J.W.L., J.H.F., J.X.Z., Z.H.Z., C.W., J.S., J.C., H.L.) and College of Medicine (D.W.), Beihua University, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University (S.J.), Jilin, China
| | - Jiahui Fang
- College of Pharmacy (J.W.L., J.H.F., J.X.Z., Z.H.Z., C.W., J.S., J.C., H.L.) and College of Medicine (D.W.), Beihua University, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University (S.J.), Jilin, China
| | - Junxiong Zhang
- College of Pharmacy (J.W.L., J.H.F., J.X.Z., Z.H.Z., C.W., J.S., J.C., H.L.) and College of Medicine (D.W.), Beihua University, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University (S.J.), Jilin, China
| | - Dan Wang
- College of Pharmacy (J.W.L., J.H.F., J.X.Z., Z.H.Z., C.W., J.S., J.C., H.L.) and College of Medicine (D.W.), Beihua University, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University (S.J.), Jilin, China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- College of Pharmacy (J.W.L., J.H.F., J.X.Z., Z.H.Z., C.W., J.S., J.C., H.L.) and College of Medicine (D.W.), Beihua University, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University (S.J.), Jilin, China
| | - Chunmei Wang
- College of Pharmacy (J.W.L., J.H.F., J.X.Z., Z.H.Z., C.W., J.S., J.C., H.L.) and College of Medicine (D.W.), Beihua University, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University (S.J.), Jilin, China
| | - Jinghui Sun
- College of Pharmacy (J.W.L., J.H.F., J.X.Z., Z.H.Z., C.W., J.S., J.C., H.L.) and College of Medicine (D.W.), Beihua University, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University (S.J.), Jilin, China
| | - Jianguang Chen
- College of Pharmacy (J.W.L., J.H.F., J.X.Z., Z.H.Z., C.W., J.S., J.C., H.L.) and College of Medicine (D.W.), Beihua University, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University (S.J.), Jilin, China
| | - He Li
- College of Pharmacy (J.W.L., J.H.F., J.X.Z., Z.H.Z., C.W., J.S., J.C., H.L.) and College of Medicine (D.W.), Beihua University, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University (S.J.), Jilin, China
| | - Shu Jing
- College of Pharmacy (J.W.L., J.H.F., J.X.Z., Z.H.Z., C.W., J.S., J.C., H.L.) and College of Medicine (D.W.), Beihua University, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University (S.J.), Jilin, China
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Differential Metabolomic Fingerprinting of the Crude Extracts of Three Asteraceae Species with Assessment of Their In Vitro Antioxidant and Enzyme-Inhibitory Activities Supported by In Silico Investigations. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10101911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Asteraceae is a large family, rich in ornamental, economical, and medicinally valuable plants. The current study involves the analytical and pharmacological assessment of the methanolic extracts of three less investigated Asteraceae plants, namely Echinops ritro, Centaurea deflexa, and Tripleurospermum decipiens, obtained by three different extraction methodologies viz. maceration (MAC), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), and homogenizer-assisted extraction (HAE). LC-MS-MS analysis of E. ritro, C. deflexa, and T. decipiens extracts led to the identification of ca. 29, 20, and 33 metabolites, respectively, belonging to flavonoids, phenolic acids, and fatty acids/amides. Although there were significant differences in the quantitative metabolite profiles in the extracts of E. ritro and T. decipiens based on the used extraction method, no significant variation was observed in the extracts of C. deflexa in the three implemented extraction techniques. The antioxidant activities of the nine extracts were assessed in vitro using six different assays viz. DPPH, ABTS, CUPRAC, FRAP, PDA, and metal chelation assay (MCA). The HAE/UAE extracts of E. ritro and the UAE/ MAC extracts of C. deflexa displayed the highest antioxidant activity in the DPPH assay, while the UAE extract of T. decipiens showed the strongest antioxidant activity in both the CUPRAC and MCA assays. The enzyme inhibitory activities of the nine extracts were studied in vitro on five different enzymes viz. tyrosinase, α-amylase, α-glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and butyrylcholinestrase (BChE), affecting various pathological diseases. Concerning C. deflexa, its MAC /UAE extracts showed the strongest inhibition on α-amylase, while its UAE/HAE extracts displayed strong inhibitory power on AChE. However, no significant difference was observed on their effects on tyrosinase or BChE. For T. decipiens, its UAE/HAE showed potent inhibition to α-glucosidase, MAC/ HAE significantly inhibited AChE and BChE, while UAE could strongly inhibit tyrosinase enzyme. For E. ritro, all extracts equally inhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase, MAC/HAE strongly affected tyrosinase, HAE/MAC best inhibited BChE, while HAE inhibited AChE to a greater extent. Chemometric analysis using PCA plot was able to discriminate between the plant samples and between the implemented extraction modes. The in vitro enzyme inhibitory activities of the extracts were supported by in silico data, where metabolites, such as the lignan arctiin and the flavonoid vicenin-2, dominating the extract of C. deflexa, displayed strong binding to AChE. Similarly, chlorogenic and dicaffeoyl quinic acids, which are some of the major metabolites in the extracts of E. ritro and T. decipiens, bound with high affinity to α-glucosidase.
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Bejeshk MA, Aminizadeh AH, Rajizadeh MA, Khaksari hadad M, Lashkarizadeh M, Shahrokhi N, Zahedi MJ, Azimi M. The effect of combining basil seeds and gum Arabic on the healing process of experimental acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats. J Tradit Complement Med 2022; 12:599-607. [PMID: 36325241 PMCID: PMC9618398 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & aim Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic recurrent inflammatory disease of the large intestine and rectum that oxidative stress and severe inflammation are the main features of this disease. Previous studies have shown that separate consumption of basil and gum arabic can reduce inflammation and oxidative stress. The aim of the study was evaluating the effect of treatment with basil seeds given together with gum arabic on healing, inflammation and oxidative stress in the course of experimental colitis in rats. Experimental procedure A total number of 50 male rats were used, randomly assigned to five groups of 10 rats each. Colitis was induced in rats by enemas with 4% solution od acetic acid. Four days after induction of colitis, rats were treated for next 4 days with saline or combination of basil seeds plus gum arabic (1 mg/kg) or sulfasalazine (100 mg/g) rectally. The experiment was terminated after last dose of treatment. Rats without induction of colitis were used as a sham group. Results Acetic acid-induced colitis increased the macroscopic and histopathological damage scores of the colon as well as colon levels of MDA(Malondialdehyde), MPO(Myeloperoxidase), TNFα(Tissue necrosis factor α), IL6 (Interleukin 6)and IL17(Interleukin 17) and decreased SOD(Superoxide Dismutase), GPx (Glutathione Peroxidase) and IL10 (Interleukin 10) levels compared with the control group(P < 0.001). Treatment with basil and gum arabic reduced macroscopic and histopathological damage scores (P < 0.01) of the colon, MDA, MPO, TNFα, IL6(P < 0.001) and IL17 (P < 0.01) levels of the colon and increased SOD, GPx and IL10 levels compared to the colitis group (P < 0.01). Conclusion Rectal administration of combination of basil seeds plus gum arabic after induction of colitis, exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, and accelerates the healing of the colon in experimental colitis evoked by acetic acid.
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Boeing T, de Souza P, da Silva LM, Gasparotto Junior A. Herbal Medicines in the Treatment of Dyspepsia: An Overview. PLANTA MEDICA 2022; 88:664-677. [PMID: 34474492 DOI: 10.1055/a-1580-7782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This review focuses on the efficacy of herbal medicines for managing dyspepsia in humans and animals. Searches were conducted on the PubMed, Science Direct, and Medline databases, for publications in the last 3 years. In each database, the search terms used consisted of the 2 key terms describing the disorder and subtypes plus each of the terms relating to the therapy. The key terms used were "natural product" and "medicinal plant" in a cross-over with "dyspepsia" and "functional dyspepsia" (i.e., gastroprotection, Helicobacter pylori infection, prokinetic). We included all human and animal studies on the effects of herbal medicines reporting the key outcome of dyspepsia symptoms. Preclinical studies using critically validated models showed that most medicinal plants with gastroprotective action had antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and antisecretory effects. Moreover, several species displayed anti Helicobacter pylori and prokinetic efficacy. The data availability of controlled clinical studies is currently minimal. The use of different methodologies and the minimal number of patients raise doubts about the effects of these preparations. Only adequate clinical trials with scientifically validated methods can determine whether different herbal medicines can be used as viable alternatives to the conventional pharmacological treatments used to control dyspepsia symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaise Boeing
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Brazil
| | - Priscila de Souza
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Brazil
| | - Luisa Mota da Silva
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Brazil
| | - Arquimedes Gasparotto Junior
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (LaFac), Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD), Dourados, MS, Brazil
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Kamar SA, Bayoumi AH, Rady HY. Spirulina supplements: an approach moderating aspirin persuaded histological and ultra-structural alterations in albino rats gastric mucosa. Ultrastruct Pathol 2022; 46:204-216. [PMID: 35333148 DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2022.2052779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are among the most used drugs. The pathogenesis of aspirin-induced gastric ulceration includes blocking the activities of the cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX-1 and COX-2) leading to reduced mucus and bicarbonate secretion. Spirulina contains many functional bioactive ingredients with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, including phenolic phytochemicals and phycobiliprotein C-phycocyanin. To investigate the possible gastroprotective role of spirulina against aspirin-induced gastric mucosal insults. Forty adult male albino rats were randomly divided into four experimental groups. Group I (Control) and group II (Spirulina control) were given spirulina for 3 days, group III (Ulcer model) were given single dose of acetyl salicylic acid to induce ulcer and group IV (Treatment) were given spirulina for 3 days after induction of ulcer formation. Animals were sacrificed, stomachs were collected and processed for examination of light and scanning electron microscope histopathological examination. Statistical difference mucosal mucin area percentage among groups was determined and data were analyzed. Histological examination of the H&E-stained and combined Alcian-blue-PAS-stained sections of Group III rats illustrated severe destruction of the mucosal architecture and reduction of the mucin surface area while those examined for group IV illustrated minor affection of the gastric mucosa and mucin protective layer. Oxidant antioxidant markers: Nitric oxide (NO) is elevated, Glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) are reduced in aspirin treated group. The use of Spirulina restores the normal balance between the oxidant antioxidant system. Spirulina has a great potential in protecting the gastric mucosa against harmful effect of NSAID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif A Kamar
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed H Bayoumi
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hagar Yousry Rady
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Investigation on the Effects and Mechanisms of Alkaline Natural Mineral Water and Distilled Water on Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcers In Vivo and In Vitro. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10030498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have proven that alkaline water has a protective effect on gastric diseases. However, the underlying mechanism is not clear. Moreover, in some countries, especially in China, purified water (distilled water) is also an important form of drinking water, while its protective effect on gastric diseases is still unknown. This study aimed to compare the effects of distilled water (pH = 5.6 ± 0.3) and alkaline natural mineral water (pH = 9.3 ± 0.6) on ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in mice and to further clarify the underlying mechanisms. Pepsin activity, prostaglandin E-2 (PGE2) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as the oxidative stress pathway related proteins such as nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and NADH quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) were measured. After alkaline natural mineral water treatment, the levels of PGE2 and HSP70 were significantly increased (p < 0.05). Antioxidant indexes (SOD, GSH, and MDA) and Western blot results (Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1) showed that alkaline natural mineral water did not alleviate gastric ulcers by improving oxidative stress. Pepsin activity assay displayed that the pepsin activity was significantly declined after alkaline natural mineral water treatment compared with the distilled water treatment (p < 0.05). This study indicated that alkaline natural mineral water may alleviate the ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in mice by inhibiting the pepsin activity and increasing the levels of PGE2 and HSP70.
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Mohammed DM, Ahmed KA, Desoukey MA, Sabry BA. Assessment of the antiulcer properties of Lawsonia inermis L. leaves and its nano-formulation against prolonged effect of acute ulcer in rats. Toxicol Rep 2022; 9:337-345. [PMID: 35284236 PMCID: PMC8914991 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptic ulcer syndrome (PUD) has been acknowledged as one of the most frequent causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide throughout the 20th and 21st centuries. Several reports indicated the ability of plant derived dosages as antiulcer agents. Many prior investigations have implied some biological activities of Lawsonia inermis L. The aim of this current investigation was to estimate the antiulcer capability of Lawsonia inermis L. leaves and its nano formulation against hazardous biochemical and histological changes in aspirin-induced ulcer rats. Methods divided into 6 groups (6 rats/group), Normal control (negative), Group (1) receiving dose of (200 g/kg) Lawsonia inermis L. for 8 weeks, Group (2) receiving (200 g/kg) nano Lawsonia inermis L. leaves for 8 weeks, Group (3) ulcer control group receiving a single dose (500 mg aspirin/kg rat body weight),groups 4& 5 receiving aspirin and either Lawsonia inermis L. leaves or nano Lawsonia inermis L. leaves for 8 weeks. Results: improvements in all the tested parameters as well as hepatic enzymes activities and some blood biochemical parameters. Conclusion Lawsonia inermis L.at the tested dose could prevent ulcer formation in the tested animals that may offer safe and low cost effective treatment for gastric ulcer.
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Asejeje FO, Ajayi BO, Abiola MA, Samuel O, Asejeje GI, Ajiboye EO, Ajayi AM. Sodium benzoate induces neurobehavioral deficits and brain oxido‐inflammatory stress in male Wistar rats: Ameliorative role of ascorbic acid. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23010. [DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Folake O. Asejeje
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences Ajayi Crowther University Oyo Nigeria
| | - Babajide O. Ajayi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences Ajayi Crowther University Oyo Nigeria
| | - Michael A. Abiola
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria
| | - Omolola Samuel
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria
| | - Gbolahan I. Asejeje
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria
| | - Ebenezer O. Ajiboye
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences Ajayi Crowther University Oyo Nigeria
| | - Abayomi M. Ajayi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria
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Wang S, Hou L, Wang M, Feng R, Lin X, Pan S, Zhao Q, Huang H. Selenium-Alleviated Testicular Toxicity by Modulating Inflammation, Heat Shock Response, and Autophagy Under Oxidative Stress in Lead-Treated Chickens. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:4700-4712. [PMID: 33452669 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02588-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Lead (Pb), a toxic pollutant, is toxic to the testis. However, biological events during testicular Pb poisoning were not well understood. Selenium (Se) has the ability to antagonize Pb toxicity. The purpose of this research was to clarify the relief mechanism of Se on testicular toxicity of Pb from the perspective of oxidative stress, inflammation, heat shock response, and autophagy in a chicken model. Sixty male Hyline chickens (7-day-old) were randomly assigned into four groups. The feeding program consisted of a commercial diet, a Se-supplemented diet (1 mg kg-1 Se), a Pb-supplemented diet (350 mg L-1 Pb), and a Se- and Pb-supplemented diet, respectively. On the 12th week, serums were collected to measure testosterone level and testes were removed to determine testis weight, histological structure, Pb and Se concentrations, oxidative stress indicators, and mRNA and protein expression of inflammatory cytokines, heat shock proteins, and autophagy-related genes. The results showed that Pb poisoning changed the histological structure of testes; decreased serum testosterone level, testis weight, catalase, glutathione-s-transferase, and total antioxidative capacity activities; increased hydrogen peroxide content; inhibited interleukin (IL)-2 and mammalian target of rapamycin expression; and promoted IL-4, IL-12β, heat shock proteins, Beclin 1, Dynein, autophagy-related proteins 5, light chain 3 (LC3)-I, and LC3-II expression in the testes of chickens. Se intervention mitigated the aforementioned alterations induced by Pb. In conclusion, Pb led to oxidative stress, which triggered inflammation, heat shock response, and autophagy. Se administration mitigated testicular toxicity of Pb mainly by mitigating oxidative stress in male chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Size Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Lulu Hou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Feng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Lin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Shifeng Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - He Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
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Kunnumakkara AB, Rana V, Parama D, Banik K, Girisa S, Henamayee S, Thakur KK, Dutta U, Garodia P, Gupta SC, Aggarwal BB. COVID-19, cytokines, inflammation, and spices: How are they related? Life Sci 2021; 284:119201. [PMID: 33607159 PMCID: PMC7884924 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytokine storm is the exaggerated immune response often observed in viral infections. It is also intimately linked with the progression of COVID-19 disease as well as associated complications and mortality. Therefore, targeting the cytokine storm might help in reducing COVID-19-associated health complications. The number of COVID-19 associated deaths (as of January 15, 2021; https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/) in the USA is high (1199/million) as compared to countries like India (110/million). Although the reason behind this is not clear, spices may have some role in explaining this difference. Spices and herbs are used in different traditional medicines, especially in countries such as India to treat various chronic diseases due to their potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. AIM To evaluate the literature available on the anti-inflammatory properties of spices which might prove beneficial in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 associated cytokine storm. METHOD A detailed literature search has been conducted on PubMed for collecting information pertaining to the COVID-19; the history, origin, key structural features, and mechanism of infection of SARS-CoV-2; the repurposed drugs in use for the management of COVID-19, and the anti-inflammatory role of spices to combat COVID-19 associated cytokine storm. KEY FINDINGS The literature search resulted in numerous in vitro, in vivo and clinical trials that have reported the potency of spices to exert anti-inflammatory effects by regulating crucial molecular targets for inflammation. SIGNIFICANCE As spices are derived from Mother Nature and are inexpensive, they are relatively safer to consume. Therefore, their anti-inflammatory property can be exploited to combat the cytokine storm in COVID-19 patients. This review thus focuses on the current knowledge on the role of spices for the treatment of COVID-19 through suppression of inflammation-linked cytokine storm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India,Corresponding author at: Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Varsha Rana
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Dey Parama
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Kishore Banik
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Sahu Henamayee
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Krishan Kumar Thakur
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Uma Dutta
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, Cotton University, Guwahati, Assam 781001, India
| | | | - Subash C. Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Bharat B. Aggarwal
- Inflammation Research Center, San Diego, California 92109, USA,Corresponding author at: Inflammation Research Center, San Diego, California 92109, USA
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Subash-Babu P, Al-Saran N, M Alshammari G, Naif Al-Harbi L, Hussain Alhussain M, Shamlan G, Abdulaziz AlSedairy S, Abdullah Alshatwi A. Evaluation of Biosafety, Antiobesity, and Endothelial Cells Proliferation Potential of Basil Seed Extract Loaded Organic Solid Lipid Nanoparticle. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:722258. [PMID: 34671255 PMCID: PMC8521050 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.722258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to synthesize solid lipid nanoparticles to enhance liposome-assisted intracellular uptake of basil seed active components in adipocytes and vascular smooth muscle cells to attain increased bioavailability. To obtain solid lipid nanoparticle (SLNp), the water phase containing basil seed extract (BSE) was encapsulated with lipid matrix containing chia seed phospholipids using homogenization and cold ultra-sonication method. The physicochemical characterization of BSE loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (BSE-SLNp) has been analyzed using Zetasizer, FT-IR, and TEM. The BSE-SLNp showed an average diameter of 20-110 nm on the day of preparation and it remains the same after 60 days of storage. The cytotoxicity assay confirmed that the BSE-SLNp did not produce toxicity in hMSCs, preadipocytes, or human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) until the tested higher dose up to 64 μg/ml. During effective dose determination, 4 μg/ml of BSE-SLNp confirmed non-toxic and enhanced metabolic function in hMSCs, preadipocytes, and HUVECs. Biosafety assay confirmed normal nuclear morphology in PI staining and high mitochondrial membrane potential in JC-1 assay within 48 h in hMSCs. The maturing adipocyte treated with 4 μg/ml of BSE-SLNp significantly increased the mitochondrial efficiency and fatty acid beta-oxidation (PPARγC1α, UCP-1, and PRDM-16) related gene expression levels. Oxidative stress induced HUVECs treated with 4 μg/ml of BSE-SLNp potentially enhanced antioxidant capacity, cell growth, and microtubule development within 48 h H2O2 induced oxidative stressed HUVECs have shown 39.8% viable cells, but treatment with BSE-SLNp has shown 99% of viable cells within 48 h confirmed by Annexin-V assay. In addition, mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) increased to 89.4% confirmed by JC-1 assay. The observed DNA integrity, cell viability was confirmed by increased antioxidant and tumor suppressor-related gene expression levels. VEGF expression has been significantly increased and pro-inflammation-related mRNA levels were decreased in BSE-SLNp treated cells. In conclusion, enhanced adipocyte fatty acid oxidation is directly associated with decreased adipocytokine secretion which arrests obesity-associated comorbidities. In addition, suppressing vascular cell oxidative stress and metabolic inflammation supports vascular cell proliferation and arrests ageing-related vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pandurangan Subash-Babu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada Al-Saran
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghedeir M Alshammari
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laila Naif Al-Harbi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Hussain Alhussain
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghalia Shamlan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sahar Abdulaziz AlSedairy
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Abdullah Alshatwi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Othman MS, Khaled AM, Al-Bagawi AH, Fareid MA, Ghany RA, Habotta OA, Abdel Moneim AE. Hepatorenal protective efficacy of flavonoids from Ocimum basilicum extract in diabetic albino rats: A focus on hypoglycemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112287. [PMID: 34649220 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant derived phytochemical therapy is a bright candidate for treatment of diabetes and its associated complications. Ocimum baslicum is used as an anti-diabetic traditional medicine. Hence, the present study investigated the effect of Hail Ocimum extract (HOE) and its total flavonoids (HOETF) against hepatorenal damage in experimental diabetes induced by high-fat diet (HFD) and injection of streptozotocin (STZ) in rats. Diabetic animals were co-treated daily with HOE, HOETF or metformin (MET) as a standard anti-diabetic drug for four weeks. Compared to controls, HFD/STZ-treatment lead to significant increases in fasting blood glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR levels. Furthermore, diabetic rats had elevated hepatic (ALT and ALP) and kidney functions (urea and creatinine) biomarkers together with disturbed lipid profile and decreased PPAR-γ gene expression. Higher levels of hepatic and renal LPO and NO paralleled with lower levels of GSH and activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GPx and GR) after HFD/STZ treatment. Additionally, noteworthy inflammatory and apoptotic responses were evident in both organs of diabetic rats as witnessed by augmented levels of TNF-α, IL-1b and Bax levels with declined levels of Bcl-2. Moreover, histological examination of hepatic, renal and pancreatic tissues validated the biochemical findings. On contrary, co-treatment of diabetic animals with HOE or HOETF could decrease glucose and insulin levels together with improvement of lipid markers and alleviation of hepatorenal dysfunction, oxidative injury, inflammatory and apoptotic events. Conclusively, HOE or HOETF could be a promising complementary therapeutic option for the management of diabetic hepatorenal complication owing to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory; anti-apoptotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S Othman
- Basic Sciences Department, Deanship of Preparatory Year, University of Ha'il, Hail, Saudi Arabia; Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Science and Arts (MSA), Giza, Egypt.
| | - Azza M Khaled
- Basic Sciences Department, Deanship of Preparatory Year, University of Ha'il, Hail, Saudi Arabia; National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal H Al-Bagawi
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Ha'il, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Fareid
- Basic Sciences Department, Deanship of Preparatory Year, University of Ha'il, Hail, Saudi Arabia; Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reda A Ghany
- Basic Sciences Department, Deanship of Preparatory Year, University of Ha'il, Hail, Saudi Arabia; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ola A Habotta
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Abdel Moneim
- Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.
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21
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Hamdan DI, El-Shiekh RA, El-Sayed MA, Khalil HMA, Mousa MR, Al-Gendy AA, El-Shazly AM. Phytochemical characterization and anti-inflammatory potential of Egyptian Murcott mandarin cultivar waste (stem, leaves and peel). Food Funct 2021; 11:8214-8236. [PMID: 32966492 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01796e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The stem (S), leaf (L) and fruit peel (P) of Murcott mandarins were separately extracted using 80% ethanol and then fractionated into dichloromethane (DCM) and ethyl acetate (ET). Their metabolic profiles were studied via HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS and afforded a tentative characterization of 98 compounds, including free organic acids, phenolic acid derivatives, flavonoid aglycones, flavonoid glycosides, flavonoids containing 3-hydroxyl-3-methylglutaroyl (HMG) units, coumarin derivatives and limonoids. Column chromatography resulted in isolation of six metabolites for the first time that were identified as nobiletin (C1), isosinensetin (C2), limonin (C3), 4'-demethylnobiletin (C4), stigmasterol-O-glucoside (C5) and hesperidin (C6). In vitro studies of the anti-inflammatory activity of DCM-L against cyclooxygenases (COXs) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) enzymes revealed that DCM-L showed higher activity than the other tested fractions. The in vivo gastroprotective effects of that fraction were evaluated using alcohol-induced gastric ulcers in rats. The obtained findings validated the gastroprotective and anti-ulcerogenic activities of DCM-L through its anxiolytic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects. Therefore, we recommend the use of Murcott mandarin leaves as a part of a protection strategy for gastric ulcer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia I Hamdan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Shibin Elkom, 32511, Egypt.
| | - Riham A El-Shiekh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr el Aini st., Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - May A El-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Heba M A Khalil
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed R Mousa
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza Square, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Amal A Al-Gendy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Assem M El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
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22
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de Abreu MS, Giacomini ACVV, Demin KA, Galstyan DS, Zabegalov KN, Kolesnikova TO, Amstislavskaya TG, Strekalova T, Petersen EV, Kalueff AV. Unconventional anxiety pharmacology in zebrafish: Drugs beyond traditional anxiogenic and anxiolytic spectra. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2021; 207:173205. [PMID: 33991579 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2021.173205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Anxiety is the most prevalent brain disorder and a common cause of human disability. Animal models are critical for understanding anxiety pathogenesis and its pharmacotherapy. The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is increasingly utilized as a powerful model organism in anxiety research and anxiolytic drug screening. High similarity between human, rodent and zebrafish molecular targets implies shared signaling pathways involved in anxiety pathogenesis. However, mounting evidence shows that zebrafish behavior can be modulated by drugs beyond conventional anxiolytics or anxiogenics. Furthermore, these effects may differ from human and/or rodent responses, as such 'unconventional' drugs may affect zebrafish behavior despite having no such profiles (or exerting opposite effects) in humans or rodents. Here, we discuss the effects of several putative unconventional anxiotropic drugs (aspirin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), nicotine, naloxone and naltrexone) and their potential mechanisms of action in zebrafish. Emphasizing the growing utility of zebrafish models in CNS drug discovery, such unconventional anxiety pharmacology may provide important, evolutionarily relevant insights into complex regulation of anxiety in biological systems. Albeit seemingly complicating direct translation from zebrafish into clinical phenotypes, this knowledge may instead foster the development of novel CNS drugs, eventually facilitating innovative treatment of patients based on novel 'unconventional' targets identified in fish models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murilo S de Abreu
- Bioscience Institute, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil; Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and Neurobiology, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia; The International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), Slidell, LA, USA.
| | - Ana C V V Giacomini
- Bioscience Institute, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Environmental Sciences, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil
| | - Konstantin A Demin
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Almazov Medical Research Center, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia; Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - David S Galstyan
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Almazov Medical Research Center, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia; Granov Scientific Research Center of Radiology and Surgical Technologies, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Konstantin N Zabegalov
- Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia; Neurobiology Program, Sirius University, Sochi, Russia
| | - Tatyana O Kolesnikova
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia; School of Chemistry, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia; Neurobiology Program, Sirius University, Sochi, Russia
| | - Tamara G Amstislavskaya
- Scientific Research Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Tatyana Strekalova
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands; Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Normal Physiology, Sechenov 1st Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia; Department of Preventive Medicine, Maastricht Medical Center Annadal, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Elena V Petersen
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and Neurobiology, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Allan V Kalueff
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; School of Chemistry, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia; Neurobiology Program, Sirius University, Sochi, Russia.
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23
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Dhama K, Sharun K, Gugjoo MB, Tiwari R, Alagawany M, Iqbal Yatoo M, Thakur P, Iqbal HM, Chaicumpa W, Michalak I, Elnesr SS, Farag MR. A Comprehensive Review on Chemical Profile and Pharmacological Activities of Ocimum basilicum. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.1900230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mudasir B. Gugjoo
- Division of Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary SciencesDeen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalay Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, India
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohd. Iqbal Yatoo
- Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Pallavi Thakur
- Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Hafiz M.N. Iqbal
- Tecnologico De Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Wanpen Chaicumpa
- Center of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Izabela Michalak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Shaaban S. Elnesr
- Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Mayada R. Farag
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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24
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Gamal El-Din MI, Youssef FS, Ashour ML, Eldahshan OA, Singab ANB. New γ-pyrone glycoside from Pachira glabra and assessment of its gastroprotective activity using an alcohol-induced gastric ulcer model in rats. Food Funct 2020; 11:1958-1965. [PMID: 32091511 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02800e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pachira glabra is a medium sized tree that is famous for its delicious edible seeds and leaves. Phytochemical investigation of Pachira glabra leaf alcohol extract led to the isolation of a new γ-pyrone glycoside, 7-hydroxy maltol-3-O-β-d-glucoside (HMGlu). In vivo assessment of the gastro-protective activity of HMGlu demonstrated superior gastro-protection at a dose of 100 mg kg-1, close to the value triggered by the standard reference omeprazole drug (evidenced by morphological and histopathological examinations). This was further confirmed by immunohistochemical staining where pretreatment with HMGlu (100 mg kg-1) markedly reduced NFκB, COX-2 and BAX positively-stained cells. Thus, it can be concluded that 7-hydroxy maltol-3-O-β-d-glucoside can be a new pharmaceutically active agent with promising gastro-protective activity of natural origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam I Gamal El-Din
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fadia S Youssef
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed L Ashour
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Omayma A Eldahshan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, 11566, Cairo, Egypt and Center for Drug Discovery Research and Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Abdel Nasser B Singab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, 11566, Cairo, Egypt and Center for Drug Discovery Research and Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Egypt
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25
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Ardalani H, Hadipanah A, Sahebkar A. Medicinal Plants in the Treatment of Peptic Ulcer Disease: A Review. Mini Rev Med Chem 2020; 20:662-702. [PMID: 31880244 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666191227151939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) is the most common disorder of the stomach and duodenum, which is associated with Helicobacter pylori infection. PUD occurs due to an imbalance between offensive and defensive factors and Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI), Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) and antibiotics are frequently used for the treatment. Recently, medicinal plants have emerged as efficacious, safe and widely available alternative therapies for PUD. The aim of this review was to study the medicinal plants and phytochemicals, which have been used for PUD treatment to evaluate the potential role of natural compounds to develop herbal remedies for PUD. Information was obtained using a literature search of electronic databases, such as Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, Sci Finder, Reaxys and Cochrane. Common and scientific names of the plants and keywords such as 'peptic ulcer', 'gastric ulcer', 'stomach ulcer' and 'duodenal ulcer' were used for search. Eventually, 279 plants from 89 families were identified and information on the plant families, part of the plant used, chemical constituents, extracts, ulcer model used and dosage were abstracted. The results indicated that most of the anti-PUD plants were from Asteraceae (7.1%) and Fabaceae (6.8%) families while flavonoids (49%), tannins (13%), saponins (10%) and alkaloids (9%) were the most common natural compounds in plants with anti-PUD activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Ardalani
- Department of Horticulture, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,Department Agroecology, Aarhus University, 4200 Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Amin Hadipanah
- Department of Horticulture, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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26
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Mousavi T, Hadizadeh N, Nikfar S, Abdollahi M. Drug discovery strategies for modulating oxidative stress in gastrointestinal disorders. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2020; 15:1309-1341. [DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2020.1791077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Taraneh Mousavi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Hadizadeh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Personalized Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shekoufeh Nikfar
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Personalized Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Personalized Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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27
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Adedara IA, Adegbosin AN, Abiola MA, Odunewu AA, Owoeye O, Owumi SE, Farombi EO. Neurobehavioural and biochemical responses associated with exposure to binary waterborne mixtures of zinc and nickel in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 73:103294. [PMID: 31734518 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.103294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Environmental and occupational exposure to metal mixtures due to various geogenic and anthropogenic activities poses a health threat to exposed organisms. The outcome of systemic interactions of metals is a topical area of research because it may cause either synergistic or antagonistic effect. The present study investigated the impact of co-exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of waterborne nickel (75 and 150 μg NiCl 2 L-1) and zinc (100 and 200 μg ZnCl2 L-1) mixtures on neurobehavioural performance of rats. Locomotor, motor and exploratory activities were evaluated using video-tracking software during trial in a novel arena and thereafter, biochemical and histological analyses were performed using the cerebrum, cerebellum and liver. Results indicated that zinc significantly (p < 0.05) abated the nickel-induced locomotor and motor deficits as well as improved the exploratory activity of exposed rats as verified by track plots and heat map analyses. Moreover, zinc mitigated nickel-mediated decrease in acetylcholinesterase activity, elevation in biomarkers of liver damage, levels of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species as well as lipid peroxidation in the exposed rats when compared with control. Additionally, nickel mediated decrease in antioxidant enzyme activities as well as the increase in tumour necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1 beta and caspase-3 activity were markedly abrogated in the cerebrum, cerebellum and liver of rats co-exposed to nickel and zinc. Histological and histomorphometrical analyses evinced that zinc abated nickel-mediated neurohepatic degeneration as well as quantitative reduction in the widest diameter of the Purkinje cells and the densities of viable granule cell layer of dentate gyrus, pyramidal neurones of cornu ammonis 3 and cortical neurons in the exposed rats. Taken together, zinc abrogated nickel-induced neurohepatic damage via suppression of oxido-inflammatory stress and caspase-3 activation in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac A Adedara
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adedayo N Adegbosin
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Michael A Abiola
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ajibola A Odunewu
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olatunde Owoeye
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Solomon E Owumi
- Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ebenezer O Farombi
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
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28
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López-Rodríguez R, Herrera-Ruiz M, Trejo-Tapia G, Domínguez-Mendoza BE, González-Cortazar M, Zamilpa A. In Vivo Gastroprotective and Antidepressant Effects of Iridoids, Verbascoside and Tenuifloroside from Castilleja tenuiflora Benth. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24071292. [PMID: 30987044 PMCID: PMC6479932 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24071292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress is an important factor in the etiology of some illnesses such as gastric ulcers and depression. Castilleja tenuiflora Benth. (Orobanchaceae) is used in Mexican traditional medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases and nervous disorders. Previous studies indicated that organic extracts from C. tenuiflora had gastroprotective effects and antidepressant activity. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the gastroprotective and antidepressant activity of fractions and isolated compounds from the methanolic extract (MECt) of C. tenuiflora in stressed mice. Chromatographic fractionation of MECt produced four fractions (FCt-1, FCt-2, CFt-3, and FCt-4) as well as four bioactive compounds which were identified using TLC, HPLC and NMR analyses. The cold restraint stress (CRS)-induced gastric ulcer model followed by the tail suspension test and the forced swim test were used to evaluate the gastroprotective effect and antidepressant activity of the extract fractions. FCt-2 and FCt-3 at 100 mg/kg had significant gastroprotective and antidepressant effects. All isolated compounds (verbascoside, teniufloroside and mixture geniposide/ musseanoside) displayed gastroprotective effects and antidepressant activity at 1 or 2 mg/kg. The above results allow us to conclude that these polyphenols and iridoids from C. tenuiflora are responsible for the gastroprotective and antidepressant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo López-Rodríguez
- Centro de Desarrollo de Productos Bióticos, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Col. San Isidro, Yautepec, Morelos C.P. 62731, Mexico.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Argentina No. 1, Col. Centro, Xochitepec, Morelos C.P. 62790, Mexico.
| | - Maribel Herrera-Ruiz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Argentina No. 1, Col. Centro, Xochitepec, Morelos C.P. 62790, Mexico.
| | - Gabriela Trejo-Tapia
- Centro de Desarrollo de Productos Bióticos, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Col. San Isidro, Yautepec, Morelos C.P. 62731, Mexico.
| | - Blanca Eda Domínguez-Mendoza
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos C.P. 62209, Mexico.
| | - Manasés González-Cortazar
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Argentina No. 1, Col. Centro, Xochitepec, Morelos C.P. 62790, Mexico.
| | - Alejandro Zamilpa
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Argentina No. 1, Col. Centro, Xochitepec, Morelos C.P. 62790, Mexico.
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