1
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Wang T, Lv M, Zhang Y, Gao Y, Cai Z, Zhang Y, Song J, Liu J, Yin H, Shang F. TDDFT Study on the ESIPT Properties of 2-(2'-Hydroxyphenyl)-Benzothiazole and Sensing Mechanism of a Derived Fluorescent Probe for Fluoride Ion. Molecules 2024; 29:1541. [PMID: 38611820 PMCID: PMC11013366 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The level of fluoride ions (F-) in the human body is closely related to various pathological and physiological states, and the rapid detection of F- is important for studying physiological processes and the early diagnosis of diseases. In this study, the detailed sensing mechanism of a novel high-efficiency probe (PBT) based on 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)-benzothiazole derivatives towards F- has been fully investigated based on density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) methods. F- attacks the O-P bond of PBT to cleavage the dimethylphosphinothionyl group, and the potential products were evaluated by Gibbs free energy and spectroscopic analyses, which ultimately identified the product as HBT-Enol1 with an intramolecular hydrogen bond. Bond parameters, infrared vibrational spectroscopy and charge analysis indicate that the hydrogen bond is enhanced at the excited state (S1), favoring excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT). The mild energy barrier further evidences the occurrence of ESIPT. Combined with frontier molecular orbital (FMO) analysis, the fluorescence quenching of PBT was attributed to the photoinduced electron transfer (PET) mechanism and the fluorescence turn-on mechanism of the product was attributed to the ESIPT process of HBT-Enol1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wang
- College of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China; (T.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (Z.C.); (Y.Z.); (J.S.)
| | - Meiheng Lv
- College of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China; (T.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (Z.C.); (Y.Z.); (J.S.)
- Research Center of Advanced Biological Manufacture, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China;
| | - Yuhang Zhang
- College of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China; (T.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (Z.C.); (Y.Z.); (J.S.)
| | - Yue Gao
- College of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China; (T.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (Z.C.); (Y.Z.); (J.S.)
| | - Zexu Cai
- College of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China; (T.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (Z.C.); (Y.Z.); (J.S.)
| | - Yifan Zhang
- College of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China; (T.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (Z.C.); (Y.Z.); (J.S.)
| | - Jiaqi Song
- College of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China; (T.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (Z.C.); (Y.Z.); (J.S.)
| | - Jianyong Liu
- Research Center of Advanced Biological Manufacture, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China;
| | - Hang Yin
- Research Center of Advanced Biological Manufacture, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China;
| | - Fangjian Shang
- College of Aeronautical Engineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou 256603, China;
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2
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Jago D, Liu C, Daaoub AHS, Gaschk E, Walkey MC, Pulbrook T, Qiao X, Sobolev AN, Moggach SA, Costa-Milan D, Higgins SJ, Piggott MJ, Sadeghi H, Nichols RJ, Sangtarash S, Vezzoli A, Koutsantonis GA. An Orthogonal Conductance Pathway in Spiropyrans for Well-Defined Electrosteric Switching Single-Molecule Junctions. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2306334. [PMID: 37817372 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
While a multitude of studies have appeared touting the use of molecules as electronic components, the design of molecular switches is crucial for the next steps in molecular electronics. In this work, single-molecule devices incorporating spiropyrans, made using break junction techniques, are described. Linear spiropyrans with electrode-contacting groups linked by alkynyl spacers to both the indoline and chromenone moieties have previously provided very low conductance values, and removing the alkynyl spacer has resulted in a total loss of conductance. An orthogonal T-shaped approach to single-molecule junctions incorporating spiropyran moieties in which the conducting pathway lies orthogonal to the molecule backbone is described and characterized. This approach has provided singlemolecule conductance features with good correlation to molecular length. Additional higher conducting states are accessible using switching induced by UV light or protonation. Theoretical modeling demonstrates that upon (photo)chemical isomerization to the merocyanine, two cooperating phenomena increase conductance: release of steric hindrance allows the conductance pathway to become more planar (raising the mid-bandgap transmission) and a bound state introduces sharp interference near the Fermi level of the electrodes similarly responding to the change in state. This design step paves the way for future use of spiropyrans in single-molecule devices and electrosteric switches.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Jago
- School of Molecular Science, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Chongguang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown St, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK
| | | | - Emma Gaschk
- School of Molecular Science, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Mark C Walkey
- School of Molecular Science, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Thea Pulbrook
- School of Molecular Science, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Xiaohang Qiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown St, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Alexandre N Sobolev
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, University of Western Australia, Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Stephen A Moggach
- School of Molecular Science, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - David Costa-Milan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown St, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Simon J Higgins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown St, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Matthew J Piggott
- School of Molecular Science, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Hatef Sadeghi
- School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Richard J Nichols
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown St, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Sara Sangtarash
- School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Andrea Vezzoli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown St, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK
| | - George A Koutsantonis
- School of Molecular Science, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
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3
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Signatures of Room-Temperature Quantum Interference in Molecular Junctions. Acc Chem Res 2023; 56:322-331. [PMID: 36693627 PMCID: PMC9910048 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusDuring the past decade or so, research groups around the globe have sought to answer the question: "How does electricity flow through single molecules?" In seeking the answer to this question, a series of joint theory and experimental studies have demonstrated that electrons passing through single-molecule junctions exhibit exquisite quantum interference (QI) effects, which have no classical analogues in conventional circuits. These signatures of QI appear even at room temperature and can be described by simple quantum circuit rules and a rather intuitive magic ratio theory. The latter describes the effect of varying the connectivity of electrodes to a molecular core and how electrical conductance can be controlled by the addition of heteroatoms to molecular cores. The former describes how individual moieties contribute to the overall conductance of a molecule and how the overall conductance can change when the connectivities between different moieties are varied. Related circuit rules have been derived and demonstrated, which describe the effects of connectivity on Seebeck coefficients of organic molecules. This simplicity arises because when a molecule is placed between two electrodes, charge transfer between the molecule and electrodes causes the molecular energy levels to adjust, such that the Fermi energy (EF) of the electrodes lies within the energy gap between the highest occupied molecular orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital. Consequently, when electrons of energy EF pass through a molecule, their phase is protected and transport takes place via phase-coherent tunneling. Remarkably, these effects have been scaled up to self-assembled monolayers of molecules, thereby creating two-dimensional materials, whose room temperature transport properties are controlled by QI. This leads to new molecular design strategies for increasing the on/off conductance ratio of molecular switches and to improving the performance of organic thermoelectric materials. In particular, destructive quantum interference has been shown to improve the Seebeck coefficient of organic molecules and increase their on/off ratio under the influence of electrochemical gating. The aim of this Account is to introduce the novice reader to these signatures of QI in molecules, many of which have been identified in joint studies involving our theory group in Lancaster University and experimental group in Bern University.
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4
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Miao Z, Quainoo T, Czyszczon-Burton TM, Rotthowe N, Parr JM, Liu ZF, Inkpen MS. Charge Transport Across Dynamic Covalent Chemical Bridges. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:8331-8338. [PMID: 36215246 PMCID: PMC9614958 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Relationships between chemical structure and conductivity in ordered polymers (OPs) are difficult to probe using bulk samples. We propose that conductance measurements of appropriate molecular-scale models can reveal trends in electronic coupling(s) between repeat units that may help inform OP design. Here, we apply the scanning tunneling microscope-based break-junction (STM-BJ) method to study transport through single-molecules comprising OP-relevant imine, imidazole, diazaborole, and boronate ester dynamic covalent chemical bridges. Notably, solution-stable boron-based compounds dissociate in situ unless measured under a rigorously inert glovebox atmosphere. We find that junction conductance negatively correlates with the electronegativity difference between bridge atoms, and corroborative first-principles calculations further reveal a different nodal structure in the transmission eigenchannels of boronate ester junctions. This work reaffirms expectations that highly polarized bridge motifs represent poor choices for the construction of OPs with high through-bond conductivity and underscores the utility of glovebox STM-BJ instrumentation for studies of air-sensitive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelin Miao
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Timothy Quainoo
- Department
of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Thomas M. Czyszczon-Burton
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Nils Rotthowe
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Joseph M. Parr
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Zhen-Fei Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Michael S. Inkpen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
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5
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Lv SL, Zeng C, Yu Z, Zheng JF, Wang YH, Shao Y, Zhou XS. Recent Advances in Single-Molecule Sensors Based on STM Break Junction Measurements. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12080565. [PMID: 35892462 PMCID: PMC9329744 DOI: 10.3390/bios12080565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Single-molecule recognition and detection with the highest resolution measurement has been one of the ultimate goals in science and engineering. Break junction techniques, originally developed to measure single-molecule conductance, recently have also been proven to have the capacity for the label-free exploration of single-molecule physics and chemistry, which paves a new way for single-molecule detection with high temporal resolution. In this review, we outline the primary advances and potential of the STM break junction technique for qualitative identification and quantitative detection at a single-molecule level. The principles of operation of these single-molecule electrical sensing mainly in three regimes, ion, environmental pH and genetic material detection, are summarized. It clearly proves that the single-molecule electrical measurements with break junction techniques show a promising perspective for designing a simple, label-free and nondestructive electrical sensor with ultrahigh sensitivity and excellent selectivity.
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6
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O'Driscoll LJ, Bryce MR. A review of oligo(arylene ethynylene) derivatives in molecular junctions. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:10668-10711. [PMID: 34110337 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr02023d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Oligo(arylene ethynylene) (OAE) derivatives are the "workhorse" molecules of molecular electronics. Their ease of synthesis and flexibility of functionalisation mean that a diverse array of OAE molecular wires have been designed, synthesised and studied theoretically and experimentally in molecular junctions using both single-molecule and ensemble methods. This review summarises the breadth of molecular designs that have been investigated with emphasis on structure-property relationships with respect to the electronic conductance of OAEs. The factors considered include molecular length, connectivity, conjugation, (anti)aromaticity, heteroatom effects and quantum interference (QI). Growing interest in the thermoelectric properties of OAE derivatives, which are expected to be at the forefront of research into organic thermoelectric devices, is also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke J O'Driscoll
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Lower Mountjoy, Stockton Road, Durham, UKDH1 3LE.
| | - Martin R Bryce
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Lower Mountjoy, Stockton Road, Durham, UKDH1 3LE.
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7
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Yoshihara Y, Fujii S, Higashibayashi S, Kiguchi M, Nishino T. Single-molecule Electric Switching Induced by Acid-Base Reaction. CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.210088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Yoshihara
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 W4-10 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Shintaro Fujii
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 W4-10 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Shuhei Higashibayashi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Manabu Kiguchi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 W4-10 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Nishino
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 W4-10 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
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8
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Palomino‐Ruiz L, Rodríguez‐González S, Fallaque JG, Márquez IR, Agraït N, Díaz C, Leary E, Cuerva JM, Campaña AG, Martín F, Millán A, González MT. Single‐Molecule Conductance of 1,4‐Azaborine Derivatives as Models of BN‐doped PAHs. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202014194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Palomino‐Ruiz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Facultad de Ciencias Unidad de Excelencia de Química Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ) Universidad de Granada 18071 Granada Spain
- Fundación IMDEA Nanociencia 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Sandra Rodríguez‐González
- Departamento de Química, Módulo 13 Universidad Autónoma de Madrid 28049 Madrid Spain
- Present address: Departamento de Química Física Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Málaga 29071 Málaga Spain
| | | | - Irene R. Márquez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Facultad de Ciencias Unidad de Excelencia de Química Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ) Universidad de Granada 18071 Granada Spain
- Centro de Instrumentación Científica Universidad de Granada 18071 Granada Spain
| | - Nicolás Agraït
- Fundación IMDEA Nanociencia 28049 Madrid Spain
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada Universidad Autónoma de Madrid 28049 Madrid Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC) Universidad Autónoma de Madrid 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Cristina Díaz
- Departamento de Química, Módulo 13 Universidad Autónoma de Madrid 28049 Madrid Spain
- Present address: Departamento de Química Física Facultad de CC. Químicas Universidad Complutense de Madrid 28040 Madrid Spain
| | | | - Juan M. Cuerva
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Facultad de Ciencias Unidad de Excelencia de Química Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ) Universidad de Granada 18071 Granada Spain
| | - Araceli G. Campaña
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Facultad de Ciencias Unidad de Excelencia de Química Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ) Universidad de Granada 18071 Granada Spain
| | - Fernando Martín
- Fundación IMDEA Nanociencia 28049 Madrid Spain
- Departamento de Química, Módulo 13 Universidad Autónoma de Madrid 28049 Madrid Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC) Universidad Autónoma de Madrid 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Alba Millán
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Facultad de Ciencias Unidad de Excelencia de Química Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ) Universidad de Granada 18071 Granada Spain
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9
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Palomino-Ruiz L, Rodríguez-González S, Fallaque JG, Márquez IR, Agraït N, Díaz C, Leary E, Cuerva JM, Campaña AG, Martín F, Millán A, González MT. Single-Molecule Conductance of 1,4-Azaborine Derivatives as Models of BN-doped PAHs. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:6609-6616. [PMID: 33348468 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202014194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The single-molecule conductance of a series of BN-acene-like derivatives has been measured by using scanning tunneling break-junction techniques. A strategic design of the target molecules has allowed us to include azaborine units in positions that unambiguously ensure electron transport through both heteroatoms, which is relevant for the development of customized BN-doped nanographenes. We show that the conductance of the anthracene azaborine derivative is comparable to that of the pristine all-carbon anthracene compound. Notably, this heteroatom substitution has also allowed us to perform similar measurements on the corresponding pentacene-like compound, which is found to have a similar conductance, thus evidencing that B-N doping could also be used to stabilize and characterize larger acenes for molecular electronics applications. Our conclusions are supported by state-of-the-art transport calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Palomino-Ruiz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Unidad de Excelencia de Química Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ), Universidad de Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain.,Fundación IMDEA Nanociencia, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Rodríguez-González
- Departamento de Química, Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Present address: Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Irene R Márquez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Unidad de Excelencia de Química Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ), Universidad de Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain.,Centro de Instrumentación Científica, Universidad de Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Nicolás Agraït
- Fundación IMDEA Nanociencia, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Díaz
- Departamento de Química, Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Present address: Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Edmund Leary
- Fundación IMDEA Nanociencia, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan M Cuerva
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Unidad de Excelencia de Química Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ), Universidad de Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Araceli G Campaña
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Unidad de Excelencia de Química Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ), Universidad de Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Fernando Martín
- Fundación IMDEA Nanociencia, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Química, Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Millán
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Unidad de Excelencia de Química Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ), Universidad de Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
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10
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Wang YH, Yan F, Li DF, Xi YF, Cao R, Zheng JF, Shao Y, Jin S, Chen JZ, Zhou XS. Enhanced Gating Performance of Single-Molecule Conductance by Heterocyclic Molecules. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:758-763. [PMID: 33405930 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Enhancing the gating performance of single-molecule conductance is significant for realizing molecular transistors. Herein, we report a new strategy to improve the electrochemical gating efficiency of single-molecule conductance with fused molecular structures consisting of heterocyclic rings of furan, thiophene, or selenophene. One order magnitude of gating ratio is achieved within a potential window of 1.2 V for the selenophene-based molecule, which is significantly greater than that of other heterocyclic and benzene ring molecules. This is caused by the different electronic structures of heterocyclic molecules and transmission coefficients T(E), and preliminary resonance tunneling is achieved through the highest occupied molecular orbital at high potential. The current work experimentally shows that electrochemical gating performance can be significantly modulated by the alignment of the conducting orbital of the heterocyclic molecule relative to the metal Fermi energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Hao Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Feng Yan
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Dong-Fang Li
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
- Santen Pharmaceutical (China) Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215026, China
| | - Yan-Feng Xi
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Rui Cao
- Department of Physics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Ju-Fang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Yong Shao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Shan Jin
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Jing-Zhe Chen
- Department of Physics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xiao-Shun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
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11
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Tao CP, Jiang CC, Wang YH, Zheng JF, Shao Y, Zhou XS. Single-Molecule Sensing of Interfacial Acid-Base Chemistry. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:10023-10028. [PMID: 33179941 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Bronsted acid and base interactions are a cornerstone of chemistry describing a wide range of chemical phenomena. However, probing such interaction at the solid-liquid interface to extract the elementary and intrinsic information at a single-molecule level remains a big challenge. Herein, we employ an STM break junction (STM-BJ) technique to investigate the acid-base chemistry of carboxylic acid-based molecules at a Au (111) model surface and propose a prototype of a single-molecule pH sensor for the first time. The single-molecule measurements in different environmental conditions verify that the formation probability of molecular junctions is determined by the populations of deprotonated -COO- form in a self-assembled monolayer. Furthermore, the variation of the intensity of the conductance peaks (i.e., junction-forming probability) with the pH of the bulk solution fits well to the Henderson-Hasselbalch type equation. From the equation, a good linear relation is found between the degree of dissociation of the immobilized -COOH group and the environmental pH, providing a feasible way to design chemicals and biosensors and a detector at the single-molecule scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Ping Tao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Chen-Chen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Ya-Hao Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Ju-Fang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Yong Shao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Xiao-Shun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
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12
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Characterizing intermolecular interactions in redox-active pyridinium-based molecular junctions. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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13
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Zhao ZH, Wang L, Li S, Zhang WD, He G, Wang D, Hou SM, Wan LJ. Single-Molecule Conductance through an Isoelectronic B–N Substituted Phenanthrene Junction. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:8068-8073. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c00879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hao Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lin Wang
- School of Materials Science and Technology, University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shi Li
- Key Laboratory for Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wei-Dong Zhang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710054, China
| | - Gang He
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710054, China
| | - Dong Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shi-Min Hou
- Key Laboratory for Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Li-Jun Wan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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14
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Huang F, Li R, Wang G, Zheng J, Tang Y, Liu J, Yang Y, Yao Y, Shi J, Hong W. Automatic classification of single-molecule charge transport data with an unsupervised machine-learning algorithm. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:1674-1681. [PMID: 31895353 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp04496e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Single-molecule electrical characterization reveals the events occurring at the nanoscale, which provides guidelines for molecular materials and devices. However, data analysis to extract valuable information from the nanoscale measurement data remained as a major challenge. Herein, an unsupervised deep leaning method, a deep auto-encoder K-means (DAK) algorithm, is developed to distinguish different events from single-molecule charge transport measurements. As validated by three single-molecule junction systems, the method applies to the recognition for multiple compounds with various events and offers an effective data analysis method to track reaction kinetics at the single-molecule scale. This work opens the possibility of using deep unsupervised approaches to studying the physical and chemical processes at the single-molecule level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, iChEM, Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China.
| | - Ruihao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, iChEM, Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China.
| | - Gan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, iChEM, Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China.
| | - Jueting Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, iChEM, Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China.
| | - Yongxiang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, iChEM, Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China.
| | - Junyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, iChEM, Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, iChEM, Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China.
| | - Yuan Yao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
| | - Jia Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, iChEM, Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China.
| | - Wenjing Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, iChEM, Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China.
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15
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Zhou P, Aschauer U, Decurtins S, Feurer T, Häner R, Liu SX. Chemical control of photoinduced charge-transfer direction in a tetrathiafulvalene-fused dipyrrolylquinoxaline difluoroborate dyad. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:13421-13424. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05736c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chemical regulation of a distinct photoinduced charge flow over multiple pathways present in an electron donor–acceptor dyad is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Bern
- CH-3012 Bern
- Switzerland
| | - Ulrich Aschauer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Bern
- CH-3012 Bern
- Switzerland
| | - Silvio Decurtins
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Bern
- CH-3012 Bern
- Switzerland
| | - Thomas Feurer
- Institute of Applied Physics
- University of Bern
- CH-3012 Bern
- Switzerland
| | - Robert Häner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Bern
- CH-3012 Bern
- Switzerland
| | - Shi-Xia Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Bern
- CH-3012 Bern
- Switzerland
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16
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Baghernejad M, Van Dyck C, Bergfield J, Levine DR, Gubicza A, Tovar JD, Calame M, Broekmann P, Hong W. Quantum Interference Enhanced Chemical Responsivity in Single‐Molecule Dithienoborepin Junctions. Chemistry 2019; 25:15141-15146. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Baghernejad
- Transport at Nanoscale Interface Laboratory Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology 8600 Dübendorf Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Bern Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
- Department of Physics University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 56 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Colin Van Dyck
- Department of Physics University of Mons 20, place du parc 7000 Mons Belgium
| | - Justin Bergfield
- Department of Physics and Department of Chemistry Illinois State University Moulton Hall USA
| | - David R. Levine
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Materials Science and Engineering Johns Hopkins University 3400 N. Charles Street Baltimore MD 21218 USA
| | - Agnes Gubicza
- Transport at Nanoscale Interface Laboratory Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology 8600 Dübendorf Switzerland
| | - John D. Tovar
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Materials Science and Engineering Johns Hopkins University 3400 N. Charles Street Baltimore MD 21218 USA
| | - Michel Calame
- Transport at Nanoscale Interface Laboratory Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology 8600 Dübendorf Switzerland
- Department of Physics University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 56 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Peter Broekmann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Bern Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Wenjing Hong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Bern Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, NEL, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
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