1
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Lewińska G, Jeleń P, Kucia Z, Sitarz M, Walczak Ł, Szafraniak B, Sanetra J, Marszalek KW. CdSe/ZnS quantum dots as a booster in the active layer of distributed ternary organic photovoltaics. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 15:144-156. [PMID: 38317826 PMCID: PMC10840543 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.15.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Organic solar cells are a promising candidate for practical use because of their low material cost and simple production procedures. The challenge is selecting materials with the right properties and how they interrelate in the context of manufacturing the device. This paper presents studies on CdSe/ZnS nanodots as dopants in a polymer-fullerene matrix for application in organic solar cells. An assembly of poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) and 6,6-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester was used as the active reference layer. Absorption and luminescence spectra as well as the dispersion relations of refractive indices and extinction coefficient were investigated. The morphologies of the thin films were studied with atomic force microscopy. The chemical boundaries of the ternary layers were determined by Raman spectroscopy. Based on UPS studies, the energy diagram of the potential devices was determined. The resistivity of the layers was determined using impedance spectroscopy. Simulations (General-Purpose Photovoltaic Device Model) showed a performance improvement in the cells with quantum dots of 0.36-1.45% compared to those without quantum dots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Lewińska
- AGH University of Krakow, Institute of Electronics, 30 Mickiewicza Ave, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Piotr Jeleń
- AGH University of Krakow, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, Department of Silicate Chemistry and Macromolecular Compounds, 30 Mickiewicza Ave, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Zofia Kucia
- AGH University of Krakow, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, Department of Silicate Chemistry and Macromolecular Compounds, 30 Mickiewicza Ave, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Maciej Sitarz
- AGH University of Krakow, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, Department of Silicate Chemistry and Macromolecular Compounds, 30 Mickiewicza Ave, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Łukasz Walczak
- R&D Department, PREVAC sp. z o.o., Raciborska 61, 44-362 Rogów, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Szafraniak
- AGH University of Krakow, Institute of Electronics, 30 Mickiewicza Ave, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Jerzy Sanetra
- retired, formerly: Cracow University of Technology, Institute of Physics, ul. Podchorążych 1, 30-084 Kraków, Poland
| | - Konstanty W Marszalek
- AGH University of Krakow, Institute of Electronics, 30 Mickiewicza Ave, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
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2
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Das Adhikari S, Gualdrón Reyes AF, Paul S, Torres J, Escuder B, Mora-Seró I, Masi S. Impact of core-shell perovskite nanocrystals for LED applications: successes, challenges, and prospects. Chem Sci 2023; 14:8984-8999. [PMID: 37655016 PMCID: PMC10466310 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02955g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Perovskite nanocrystals (PeNCs) synthesized by colloidal solution methods are an outstanding case of study due to their remarkable optical features, different from their bulk counterpart, such as a tuneable band gap and narrower photoluminescence emission, altered by the size and shape. However, the stability of these systems needs to be improved to consolidate their application in optoelectronic devices. Improved PeNC quality is associated with a less defective structure, as it affects negatively the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), due to the essential, but at the same time labile interaction between the colloidal capping ligands and the perovskite core. In this sense, it would be extremely effective to obtain an alternative method to stabilize the PeNC phases and passivate the surface, in order to improve both stability and optical properties. This objective can be reached exploiting the structural benefits of the interaction between the perovskite and other organic or inorganic materials with a compatible structure and optical properties and limiting the optical drawbacks. This perspective contemplates different combinations of core/shell PeNCs and the critical steps during the synthesis, including drawbacks and challenges based on their optical properties. Additionally, it provides insights for future light emitting diode (LED) applications and advanced characterization. Finally, the existing challenges and opportunities for core/shell PeNCs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samrat Das Adhikari
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I (UJI) Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n Castelló 12071 Spain
| | - Andrés F Gualdrón Reyes
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Ciencias Químicas, Isla Teja Universidad Austral de Chile Valdivia 5090000 Chile
| | - Subir Paul
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I (UJI) Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n Castelló 12071 Spain
| | - Jeevan Torres
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I (UJI) Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n Castelló 12071 Spain
| | - Beatriu Escuder
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I (UJI) Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n Castelló 12071 Spain
| | - Iván Mora-Seró
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I (UJI) Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n Castelló 12071 Spain
| | - Sofia Masi
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I (UJI) Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n Castelló 12071 Spain
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3
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Ribeiro G, Ferreira G, Menda UD, Alexandre M, Brites MJ, Barreiros MA, Jana S, Águas H, Martins R, Fernandes PA, Salomé P, Mendes MJ. Sub-Bandgap Sensitization of Perovskite Semiconductors via Colloidal Quantum Dots Incorporation. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2447. [PMID: 37686955 PMCID: PMC10489900 DOI: 10.3390/nano13172447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
By taking advantage of the outstanding intrinsic optoelectronic properties of perovskite-based photovoltaic materials, together with the strong near-infrared (NIR) absorption and electronic confinement in PbS quantum dots (QDs), sub-bandgap photocurrent generation is possible, opening the way for solar cell efficiencies surpassing the classical limits. The present study shows an effective methodology for the inclusion of high densities of colloidal PbS QDs in a MAPbI3 (methylammonium lead iodide) perovskite matrix as a means to enhance the spectral window of photon absorption of the perovskite host film and allow photocurrent production below its bandgap. The QDs were introduced in the perovskite matrix in different sizes and concentrations to study the formation of quantum-confined levels within the host bandgap and the potential formation of a delocalized intermediate mini-band (IB). Pronounced sub-bandgap (in NIR) absorption was optically confirmed with the introduction of QDs in the perovskite. The consequent photocurrent generation was demonstrated via photoconductivity measurements, which indicated IB establishment in the films. Despite verifying the reduced crystallinity of the MAPbI3 matrix with a higher concentration and size of the embedded QDs, the nanostructured films showed pronounced enhancement (above 10-fold) in NIR absorption and consequent photocurrent generation at photon energies below the perovskite bandgap.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Ribeiro
- i3N/CENIMAT, Department of Materials Science, NOVA School of Science and Technology and CEMOP/UNINOVA, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal (M.A.); (S.J.); (H.Á.)
- INL, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal; (P.A.F.); (P.S.)
| | - G. Ferreira
- i3N/CENIMAT, Department of Materials Science, NOVA School of Science and Technology and CEMOP/UNINOVA, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal (M.A.); (S.J.); (H.Á.)
| | - U. D. Menda
- i3N/CENIMAT, Department of Materials Science, NOVA School of Science and Technology and CEMOP/UNINOVA, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal (M.A.); (S.J.); (H.Á.)
| | - M. Alexandre
- i3N/CENIMAT, Department of Materials Science, NOVA School of Science and Technology and CEMOP/UNINOVA, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal (M.A.); (S.J.); (H.Á.)
| | - M. J. Brites
- LNEG, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, 22, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.J.B.)
| | - M. A. Barreiros
- LNEG, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, 22, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.J.B.)
| | - S. Jana
- i3N/CENIMAT, Department of Materials Science, NOVA School of Science and Technology and CEMOP/UNINOVA, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal (M.A.); (S.J.); (H.Á.)
| | - H. Águas
- i3N/CENIMAT, Department of Materials Science, NOVA School of Science and Technology and CEMOP/UNINOVA, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal (M.A.); (S.J.); (H.Á.)
| | - R. Martins
- i3N/CENIMAT, Department of Materials Science, NOVA School of Science and Technology and CEMOP/UNINOVA, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal (M.A.); (S.J.); (H.Á.)
| | - P. A. Fernandes
- INL, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal; (P.A.F.); (P.S.)
- CIETI, Departamento de Física, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Física, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - P. Salomé
- INL, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal; (P.A.F.); (P.S.)
- i3N, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M. J. Mendes
- i3N/CENIMAT, Department of Materials Science, NOVA School of Science and Technology and CEMOP/UNINOVA, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal (M.A.); (S.J.); (H.Á.)
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4
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Serafini P, Gualdrón-Reyes AF, Sánchez RS, Barea EM, Masi S, Mora-Seró I. Balanced change in crystal unit cell volume and strain leads to stable halide perovskite with high guanidinium content. RSC Adv 2022; 12:32630-32639. [PMID: 36425685 PMCID: PMC9661883 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06473a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Up-to-date studies propose that strain in halide perovskites is one of the key factors that determine a device's efficiency and stability. Here, we show a systematic approach to characterize the phenomenon in the standard methylammonium lead iodine (MAPbI3) perovskite system by: (i) the substitution of some MA by guanidinium (Gu); (ii) the incorporation of PbS quantum dot (QD) additives and (iii) addition of both Gu and PbS at the same time. We studied the effect of these incorporations on the film strain and crystal cell unit volume, and on the solar cell device efficiency and stability. Gu cations and PbS QDs affect the strain, the former due to the relatively large dimensions of Gu, and the latter due to the lattice matching parameters. With the control of Gu and PbS QD content, higher performance and longer solar cell stability are obtained. We demonstrated that the presence of Gu and PbS QDs alters the structure of perovskite, in terms of modification of the unit cell volume and strain. The greater size of Gu cations produces a MAPbI3 unit cell volume expansion as Gu is incorporated, modifying the strain from compressive to tensile. PbS QDs aid Gu incorporation, producing a unit cell volume expansion. In the case of 15% mol Gu incorporation, the addition of PbS QDs modifies strain from compressive to tensile, limiting the deleterious effect. At the same time the unit cell volume is less affected, increasing the solar cell stability. Our work shows that the control of compressive strain and the unit cell volume expansion lead to a 50% increase in T 80, the time in which the PCE decreases to 80% of its original value, increasing the T 80 value from 120 to 187 days under air conditions. Moreover it highlights the importance of exploiting not only the control of the strain induced by internal component, the cation, but also the strain induced by the external component, the QD, associated instead with critical volume variation of metastable perovskite unit cell volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricio Serafini
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I 12071 Castelló de la Plana Spain
| | - Andrés F Gualdrón-Reyes
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I 12071 Castelló de la Plana Spain
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Austral de Chile Isla Teja 5090000 Valdivia Chile
| | - Rafael S Sánchez
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I 12071 Castelló de la Plana Spain
| | - Eva M Barea
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I 12071 Castelló de la Plana Spain
| | - Sofia Masi
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I 12071 Castelló de la Plana Spain
| | - Iván Mora-Seró
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I 12071 Castelló de la Plana Spain
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5
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Zhou Y, Yang J, Luo X, Li Y, Qiu Q, Xie T. Selection, Preparation and Application of Quantum Dots in Perovskite Solar Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:9482. [PMID: 36012746 PMCID: PMC9409050 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As the third generation of new thin-film solar cells, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted much attention for their excellent photovoltaic performance. Today, PSCs have reported the highest photovoltaic conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.5%, which is an encouraging value, very close to the highest PCE of the most widely used silicon-based solar cells. However, scholars have found that PSCs have problems of being easily decomposed under ultraviolet (UV) light, poor stability, energy level mismatch and severe hysteresis, which greatly limit their industrialization. As unique materials, quantum dots (QDs) have many excellent properties and have been widely used in PSCs to address the issues mentioned above. In this article, we describe the application of various QDs as additives in different layers of PSCs, as luminescent down-shifting materials, and directly as electron transport layers (ETL), light-absorbing layers and hole transport layers (HTL). The addition of QDs optimizes the energy level arrangement within the device, expands the range of light utilization, passivates defects on the surface of the perovskite film and promotes electron and hole transport, resulting in significant improvements in both PCE and stability. We summarize in detail the role of QDs in PSCs, analyze the perspective and associated issues of QDs in PSCs, and finally offer our insights into the future direction of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yankai Zhou
- Engineering Research Center for Hydrogen Energy Materials and Devices, College of Rare Earths, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, China
- Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Jiayan Yang
- Engineering Research Center for Hydrogen Energy Materials and Devices, College of Rare Earths, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, China
- Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Xingrui Luo
- Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Yingying Li
- Engineering Research Center for Hydrogen Energy Materials and Devices, College of Rare Earths, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, China
- Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Qingqing Qiu
- Engineering Research Center for Hydrogen Energy Materials and Devices, College of Rare Earths, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Tengfeng Xie
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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6
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Wang W, Zhang M, Pan Z, Biesold GM, Liang S, Rao H, Lin Z, Zhong X. Colloidal Inorganic Ligand-Capped Nanocrystals: Fundamentals, Status, and Insights into Advanced Functional Nanodevices. Chem Rev 2021; 122:4091-4162. [PMID: 34968050 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Colloidal nanocrystals (NCs) are intriguing building blocks for assembling various functional thin films and devices. The electronic, optoelectronic, and thermoelectric applications of solution-processed, inorganic ligand (IL)-capped colloidal NCs are especially promising as the performance of related devices can substantially outperform their organic ligand-capped counterparts. This in turn highlights the significance of preparing IL-capped NC dispersions. The replacement of initial bulky and insulating ligands capped on NCs with short and conductive inorganic ones is a critical step in solution-phase ligand exchange for preparing IL-capped NCs. Solution-phase ligand exchange is extremely appealing due to the highly concentrated NC inks with completed ligand exchange and homogeneous ligand coverage on the NC surface. In this review, the state-of-the-art of IL-capped NCs derived from solution-phase inorganic ligand exchange (SPILE) reactions are comprehensively reviewed. First, a general overview of the development and recent advancements of the synthesis of IL-capped colloidal NCs, mechanisms of SPILE, elementary reaction principles, surface chemistry, and advanced characterizations is provided. Second, a series of important factors in the SPILE process are offered, followed by an illustration of how properties of NC dispersions evolve after ILE. Third, surface modifications of perovskite NCs with use of inorganic reagents are overviewed. They are necessary because perovskite NCs cannot withstand polar solvents or undergo SPILE due to their soft ionic nature. Fourth, an overview of the research progresses in utilizing IL-capped NCs for a wide range of applications is presented, including NC synthesis, NC solid and film fabrication techniques, field effect transistors, photodetectors, photovoltaic devices, thermoelectric, and photoelectrocatalytic materials. Finally, the review concludes by outlining the remaining challenges in this field and proposing promising directions to further promote the development of IL-capped NCs in practical application in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenran Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Zhenxiao Pan
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Gill M Biesold
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Shuang Liang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Huashang Rao
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhiqun Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Xinhua Zhong
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
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7
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Clark PCJ, Lewis NK, Ke JCR, Ahumada-Lazo R, Chen Q, Neo DCJ, Gaulding EA, Pach GF, Pis I, Silly MG, Flavell WR. Surface band bending and carrier dynamics in colloidal quantum dot solids. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:17793-17806. [PMID: 34668501 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr05436h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Band bending in colloidal quantum dot (CQD) solids has become important in driving charge carriers through devices. This is typically a result of band alignments at junctions in the device. Whether band bending is intrinsic to CQD solids, i.e. is band bending present at the surface-vacuum interface, has previously been unanswered. Here we use photoemission surface photovoltage measurements to show that depletion regions are present at the surface of n and p-type CQD solids with various ligand treatments (EDT, MPA, PbI2, MAI/PbI2). Using laser-pump photoemission-probe time-resolved measurements, we show that the timescale of carrier dynamics in the surface of CQD solids can vary over at least 6 orders of magnitude, with the fastest dynamics on the order of microseconds in PbS-MAI/PbI2 solids and on the order of seconds for PbS-MPA and PbS-PbI2. By investigating the surface chemistry of the solids, we find a correlation between the carrier dynamics timescales and the presence of oxygen contaminants, which we suggest are responsible for the slower dynamics due to deep trap formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pip C J Clark
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Nathan K Lewis
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Jack Chun-Ren Ke
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Ruben Ahumada-Lazo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Materials, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Darren C J Neo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | | | - Gregory F Pach
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - Igor Pis
- Laboratorio TASC, IOM CNR, S.S. 14 km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S. S. 14 Km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Mathieu G Silly
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, BP 48, Saint-Aubin, F91192 Gif sur Yvette CEDEX, France
| | - Wendy R Flavell
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
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8
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Salim KM, Masi S, Gualdrón-Reyes AF, Sánchez RS, Barea EM, Kreĉmarová M, Sánchez-Royo JF, Mora-Seró I. Boosting Long-Term Stability of Pure Formamidinium Perovskite Solar Cells by Ambient Air Additive Assisted Fabrication. ACS ENERGY LETTERS 2021; 6:3511-3521. [PMID: 34660905 PMCID: PMC8506569 DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.1c01311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Due to the high industrial interest for perovskite-based photovoltaic devices, there is an urgent need to fabricate them under ambient atmosphere, not limited to low relative humidity (RH) conditions. The formamidinium lead iodide (FAPI) perovskite α-black phase is not stable at room temperature and is challenging to stabilize in an ambient environment. In this work, we show that pure FAPI perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have a dramatic increase of device long-term stability when prepared under ambient air compared to FAPI PSCs made under nitrogen, both fabricated with N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP). The T 80 parameter, the time in which the efficiency drops to 80% of the initial value, increases from 21 (in N2) to 112 days (in ambient) to 145 days if PbS quantum dots (QDs) are introduced as additives in air-prepared FAPI PSCs. Furthermore, by adding methylammonium chloride (MACl) the power conversion efficiency (PCE) reaches 19.4% and devices maintain 100% of the original performance for at least 53 days. The presence of Pb-O bonds only in the FAPI films prepared in ambient conditions blocks the propagation of α- to δ-FAPI phase conversion. Thus, these results open the way to a new strategy for the stabilization in ambient air toward perovskite solar cells commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. M.
Muhammed Salim
- Institute
of Advanced Materials (INAM), University
Jaume I, Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Castellón, Spain
| | - Sofia Masi
- Institute
of Advanced Materials (INAM), University
Jaume I, Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Castellón, Spain
| | - Andrés Fabián Gualdrón-Reyes
- Institute
of Advanced Materials (INAM), University
Jaume I, Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Castellón, Spain
| | - Rafael S. Sánchez
- Institute
of Advanced Materials (INAM), University
Jaume I, Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Castellón, Spain
| | - Eva M. Barea
- Institute
of Advanced Materials (INAM), University
Jaume I, Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Castellón, Spain
| | - Marie Kreĉmarová
- Institute
of Materials Science (ICMUV), University
of Valencia, c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan F. Sánchez-Royo
- Institute
of Materials Science (ICMUV), University
of Valencia, c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
- MATINÉE:
CSIC Associated Unit (ICMM-ICMUV of the University of Valencia), Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Iván Mora-Seró
- Institute
of Advanced Materials (INAM), University
Jaume I, Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Castellón, Spain
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9
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The Progress of Additive Engineering for CH3NH3PbI3 Photo-Active Layer in the Context of Perovskite Solar Cells. CRYSTALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst11070814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Methylammonium lead triiodide (CH3NH3PbI3/MAPbI3) is the most intensively explored perovskite light-absorbing material for hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite photovoltaics due to its unique optoelectronic properties and advantages. This includes tunable bandgap, a higher absorption coefficient than conventional materials used in photovoltaics, ease of manufacturing due to solution processability, and low fabrication costs. In addition, the MAPbI3 absorber layer provides one of the highest open-circuit voltages (Voc), low Voc loss/deficit, and low exciton binding energy, resulting in better charge transport with decent charge carrier mobilities and long diffusion lengths of charge carriers, making it a suitable candidate for photovoltaic applications. Unfortunately, MAPbI3 suffers from poor photochemical stability, which is the main problem to commercialize MAPbI3-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, researchers frequently adopt additive engineering to overcome the issue of poor stability. Therefore, in this review, we have classified additives as organic and inorganic additives. Organic additives are subclassified based on functional groups associated with N/O/S donor atoms; whereas, inorganic additives are subcategorized as metals and non-metal halide salts. Further, we discussed their role and mechanism in terms of improving the performance and stability of MAPbI3-based PSCs. In addition, we scrutinized the additive influence on the morphology and optoelectronic properties to gain a deeper understanding of the crosslinking mechanism into the MAPbI3 framework. Our review aims to help the research community, by providing a glance of the advancement in additive engineering for the MAPbI3 light-absorbing layer, so that new additives can be designed and experimented with to overcome stability challenges. This, in turn, might pave the way for wide scale commercial use.
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Liang X, Ren X, Yang S, Liu L, Xiong W, Cheng L, Ma T, Liu A. Theoretical study of the influence of doped niobium on the electronic properties of CsPbBr 3. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:1910-1916. [PMID: 36133092 PMCID: PMC9419738 DOI: 10.1039/d0na01000f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In the family of inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs), CsPbBr3 has attracted widespread attention due to its excellent stability under high humidity and high temperature conditions. However, power conversion efficiency (PCE) improvement of CsPbBr3-based PSCs is markedly limited by the large optical absorption loss coming from the wide band gap and serious charge recombination at interfaces and/or within the perovskite film. In this work, using density functional theory calculations, we systemically studied the electronic properties of niobium (Nb)-doped CsPbBr3 with different concentration ratios. As a result, it is found that doped CsPbBr3 compounds are metallic at high Nb doping concentration but semiconducting at low Nb doping concentration. The calculated electronic density of states shows that the conduction band is predominantly constructed of doped Nb. These characteristics make them very suitable for solar cell and energy storage applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyou Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology China
| | - Xuefeng Ren
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology Panjin 124221 China
| | - Shuzhang Yang
- Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu Kitakyushu Fukuoka 808-0196 Japan
| | - Lizhao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology), Ministry of Education Dalian 116024 China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Sciences and Technology, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Li Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology), Ministry of Education Dalian 116024 China
| | - Tingli Ma
- Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu Kitakyushu Fukuoka 808-0196 Japan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, China Jiliang University Hangzhou 310018 China
| | - Anmin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology China
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Asaduzzaman A, Runge K, Deymier P, Muralidharan K. Effect of Ligand Adsorption on the Electronic Properties of the PbS(100) Surface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:13312-13319. [PMID: 33112623 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A first-principles density functional theory calculation was carried out to study the adsorption of acetic acid, methyl amine, methanethiol, and hydrogen iodide on the (100) surface of PbS. All four ligands are common capping agents used in colloidal PbS quantum dot-based photovoltaics. Interestingly, among the considered adsorbates, dissociative adsorption was energetically preferred for hydrogen iodide, while associative adsorption was favorable for the rest. Associative adsorption was driven by strong interactions between the electronegative elements (Y) in the respective ligands and the Pb surface atoms via Pb 6p-Y np bond hybridization (n represents the valence quantum number of the respective electronegative elements). Importantly, the adsorption of ligands altered the work function of PbS, with contrasting trends for associative (decrease in the work function) versus dissociative (increase in the work function) adsorption. The changes in the work function correlates well with a corresponding shift in the 5d level of surface Pb atoms. Other important observations include variations in the work function that linearly change with increasing the surface coverage of adsorbed ligands as well as with the strength of the adsorption of ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Asaduzzaman
- School of Science, Engineering and Technology, Pennsylvania State University - Harrisburg, Middletown, Pennsylvania 17057, United States
| | - Keith Runge
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Pierre Deymier
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Krishna Muralidharan
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
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Zeng Y, Pan L, Wang J, Fan Y, Shu Y, Pang D, Zhang Z. Interfacial Synthesis of Ag
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S/ZnS Core/Shell Quantum Dots in a Droplet Microreactor. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202001126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ji Wang
- Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | | | - Yun Shu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225002 P.R.China
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Rastogi P, Chu A, Gréboval C, Qu J, Noumbé UN, Chee SS, Goyal M, Khalili A, Xu XZ, Cruguel H, Ithurria S, Gallas B, Dayen JF, Dudy L, Silly MG, Patriarche G, Degiron A, Vincent G, Lhuillier E. Pushing Absorption of Perovskite Nanocrystals into the Infrared. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:3999-4006. [PMID: 32283029 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c01302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To date, defect-tolerance electronic structure of lead halide perovskite nanocrystals is limited to an optical feature in the visible range. Here, we demonstrate that IR sensitization of formamidinium lead iodine (FAPI) nanocrystal array can be obtained by its doping with PbS nanocrystals. In this hybrid array, absorption comes from the PbS nanocrystals while transport is driven by the perovskite which reduces the dark current compared to pristine PbS. In addition, we fabricate a field-effect transistor using a high capacitance ionic glass made of hybrid FAPI/PbS nanocrystal arrays. We show that the hybrid material has an n-type nature with an electron mobility of 2 × 10-3 cm2 V-1 s-1. However, the dark current reduction is mostly balanced by a loss of absorption. To overcome this limitation, we couple the FAPI/PbS hybrid to a guided mode resonator that can enhance the infrared light absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prachi Rastogi
- Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Audrey Chu
- Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Charlie Gréboval
- Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Junling Qu
- Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
| | | | - Sang-Soo Chee
- Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Mayank Goyal
- Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Adrien Khalili
- Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Xiang Zhen Xu
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etude des Matériaux, ESPCI-Paris, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 8213, 10 rue Vauquelin 75005 Paris, France
| | - Hervé Cruguel
- Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Ithurria
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etude des Matériaux, ESPCI-Paris, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 8213, 10 rue Vauquelin 75005 Paris, France
| | - Bruno Gallas
- Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Francois Dayen
- Université de Strasbourg, IPCMS-CNRS UMR 7504, 23 Rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg, France
| | - Lenart Dudy
- Synchrotron-SOLEIL, Saint-Aubin, BP48, F91192 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Mathieu G Silly
- Synchrotron-SOLEIL, Saint-Aubin, BP48, F91192 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Gilles Patriarche
- Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies, CNRS, University of Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, C2N, Marcoussis 91460, France
| | - Aloyse Degiron
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, Université de Paris, CNRS, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Grégory Vincent
- ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab, 6, chemin de la Vauve aux Granges, BP 80100, 91123 Palaiseau, France
| | - Emmanuel Lhuillier
- Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
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