1
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Li H, Lalwani SM, Eneh CI, Braide T, Batys P, Sammalkorpi M, Lutkenhaus JL. A Perspective on the Glass Transition and the Dynamics of Polyelectrolyte Multilayers and Complexes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:14823-14839. [PMID: 37819874 PMCID: PMC10863056 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) or polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs), formed by layer-by-layer assembly or the mixing of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes (PEs) in aqueous solution, respectively, have potential applications in health, energy, and the environment. PEMs and PECs are very tunable because their structure and properties are influenced by factors such as pH, ionic strength, salt type, humidity, and temperature. Therefore, it is increasingly important to understand how these factors affect PECs and PEMs on a molecular level. In this Feature Article, we summarize our contributions to the field in the development of approaches to quantify the swelling, thermal properties, and dynamic mechanical properties of PEMs and PECs. First, the role of water as a plasticizer and in the glass-transition temperature (Tg) in both strong poly(diallyldimethylammonium)/poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PDADMA/PSS) and weak poly(allylamine hydrochloride)/poly(acrylic acid) (PAH/PAA) systems is presented. Then, factors influencing the dynamics of PECs and PEMs are discussed. We also reflect on the swelling of PEMs in response to different salts and solvent additives. Last, the nature of water's microenvironment in PEMs/PECs is discussed. A special emphasis is placed on experimental techniques, along with molecular simulations. Taken together, this review presents an outlook and offers recommendations for future research directions, such as studying the additional effects of hydrogen-bonding hydrophobic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Li
- Artie
McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Suvesh Manoj Lalwani
- Artie
McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Chikaodinaka I. Eneh
- Artie
McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Tamunoemi Braide
- Artie
McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Piotr Batys
- Jerzy
Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy
of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Krakow, Poland
| | - Maria Sammalkorpi
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto
University, P.O. Box 16100, 00076 Aalto, Finland
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, 00076 Aalto, Finland
- Academy
of Finland Center of Excellence in Life-Inspired Hybrid Materials
(LIBER), Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Jodie L. Lutkenhaus
- Artie
McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas
A&M University, College
Station, Texas 77840, United States
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2
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Eneh CI, Kastinen T, Oka S, Batys P, Sammalkorpi M, Lutkenhaus JL. Quantification of Water-Ion Pair Interactions in Polyelectrolyte Multilayers Using a Quartz Crystal Microbalance Method. ACS POLYMERS AU 2022; 2:287-298. [PMID: 35971421 PMCID: PMC9374166 DOI: 10.1021/acspolymersau.2c00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
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Water existing within
thin polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) films
has significant influence on their physical, chemical, and thermal
properties, having implications for applications including energy
storage, smart coatings, and biomedical systems. Ionic strength, salt
type, and terminating layer are known to influence PEM swelling. However,
knowledge of water’s microenvironment within a PEM, whether
that water is affiliated with intrinsic or extrinsic ion pairs, remains
lacking. Here, we examine the influence of both assembly and post-assembly
conditions on the water–ion pair interactions of poly(styrene
sulfonate)/poly(diallyldimethylammonium) (PSS/PDADMA) PEMs in NaCl
and KBr. This is accomplished by developing a methodology in which
quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring is applied
to estimate the number of water molecules affiliated with an ion pair
(i), as well as the hydration coefficient, πsaltH2O. PSS/PDADMA PEMs are assembled in varying ionic strengths of either
NaCl and KBr and then exposed post-assembly to increasing ionic strengths
of matching salt type. A linear relationship between the total amount
of water per intrinsic ion pair and the post-assembly salt concentration
was obtained at post-assembly salt concentrations >0.5 M, yielding
estimates for both i and πsaltH2O. We observe higher
values of i and πsaltH2O in KBr-assembled PEMs due
to KBr being more effective in doping the assembly because of KBr’s
more chaotropic nature as compared to NaCl. Lastly, when PSS is the
terminating layer, i decreases in value due to PSS’s
hydrophobic nature. Classical and ab initio molecular
dynamics provide a microstructural view as to how NaCl and KBr interact
with individual polyelectrolytes and the involved water shells. Put
together, this study provides further insight into the understanding
of existing water microenvironments in PEMs and the effects of both
assembly and post-assembly conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chikaodinaka I Eneh
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77840, United States
| | - Tuuva Kastinen
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, 00076 Aalto, Finland.,Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Chemistry & Advanced Materials, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, 33014 Tampere, Finland.,Academy of Finland Center of Excellence in Life-Inspired Hybrid Materials (LIBER), Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Suyash Oka
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77840, United States
| | - Piotr Batys
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, PL-30239 Krakow 30-239, Poland
| | - Maria Sammalkorpi
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, 00076 Aalto, Finland.,Academy of Finland Center of Excellence in Life-Inspired Hybrid Materials (LIBER), Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, 00076 Aalto, Finland.,Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Jodie L Lutkenhaus
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77840, United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77840, United States
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3
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Li WC, Lin CH, Wang PH, Cheng TT, Wen TC. Triple capacitance via the dehydration of saturated water from carboxylated chitosan bearing zwitterion electrolytes. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2022.104285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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4
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Khavani M, Batys P, Lalwani SM, Eneh CI, Leino A, Lutkenhaus JL, Sammalkorpi M. Effect of Ethanol and Urea as Solvent Additives on PSS–PDADMA Polyelectrolyte Complexation. Macromolecules 2022; 55:3140-3150. [PMID: 35492577 PMCID: PMC9052311 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
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The effect of urea
and ethanol additives on aqueous solutions of
poly(styrenesulfonate) (PSS), poly(diallyldimethylammonium)
(PDADMA), and their complexation interactions are examined here via
molecular dynamics simulations, interconnected laser Doppler velocimetry,
and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation. It is found that
urea and ethanol have significant, yet opposite influences on PSS
and PDADMA solvation and interactions. Notably, ethanol is systematically
depleted from solvating the charge groups but condenses at the hydrophobic
backbone of PSS. As a consequence of the poorer solvation environment
for the ionic groups, ethanol significantly increases the extent of
counterion condensation. On the other hand, urea readily solvates
both polyelectrolytes and replaces water in solvation. For PSS, urea
causes disruption of the hydrogen bonding of the PSS headgroup with
water. In PSS–PDADMA complexation, these differences influence
changes in the binding configurations relative to the case of pure
water. Specifically, added ethanol leads to loosening of the complex
caused by the enhancement of counterion condensation; added urea pushes
polyelectrolyte chains further apart because of the formation of a
persistent solvation shell. In total, we find that the effects of
urea and ethanol rise from changes in the microscopic-level solvation
environment and conformation resulting from solvating water being
replaced by the additive. The differences cannot be explained purely
via considering relative permittivity and continuum level electrostatic
screening. Taken together, the findings could bear significance in
tuning polyelectrolyte materials’ mechanical and swelling characteristics
via solution additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Khavani
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Piotr Batys
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, PL-30239 Krakow, Poland
| | | | | | - Anna Leino
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | | | - Maria Sammalkorpi
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
- Academy of Finland Centre of Excellence in Life-Inspired Hybrid Materials (LIBER), Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
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5
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Fomina PS, Proskurnin MA, Mizaikoff B, Volkov DS. Infrared Spectroscopy in Aqueous Solutions: Capabilities and Challenges. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2022; 53:1748-1765. [PMID: 35212600 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2041390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy provides rapid, reliable, quantitative, and qualitative analysis of samples in different aggregation states, i.e., gases, thin films, solids, liquids, etc. However, when analyzing aqueous solutions, particular issues associated with the rather pronounced IR absorption characteristics of water appear to interfere with the solute determination. In this review, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopic techniques and their analytical capabilities for analyzing aqueous solutions are reviewed, and highlight examples are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina S Fomina
- Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Boris Mizaikoff
- Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- Hahn-Schickard, Institute for Microanalysis Systems, Ulm, Germany
| | - Dmitry S Volkov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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6
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Li C, Liu J, Peng H, Sui Y, Song J, Liu Y, Huang W, Chen X, Shen J, Ling Y, Huang C, Hong Y, Huang W. A Camel Nose-Inspired Highly Durable Neuromorphic Humidity Sensor with Water Source Locating Capability. ACS NANO 2022; 16:1511-1522. [PMID: 34908409 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c10004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Numerous emerging applications in modern society require humidity sensors that are not only sensitive and specific but also durable and intelligent. However, conventional humidity sensors do not have all of these simultaneously because they require very different or even contradictory design principles. Here, inspired by camel noses, we develop a porous zwitterionic capacitive humidity sensor. Relying on the synergistic effect of a porous structure and good chemical and thermal stabilities of hygroscopic zwitterions, this sensor simultaneously exhibits high sensitivity, discriminability, excellent durability, and, in particular, the highest respond speed among reported capacitive humidity sensors, with demonstrated applications in the fast discrimination between fresh, stale, and dry leaves, high-resolution touchless human-machine interactive input devices, and the real-time monitoring humidity level of a hot industrial exhaust. More importantly, this sensor exhibits typical synapse behaviors such as paired-pulse facilitation due to the strong binding interactions between water and zwitterions. This leads to learning and forgetting features with a tunable memory, thus giving the sensor artificial intelligence and enabling the location of water sources. This work offers a general design principle expected to be applied to develop other high-performance biochemical sensors and the next-generation intelligent sensors with much broader applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caicong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao West Road, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao West Road, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Hailong Peng
- School of Resources, Environmental, and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao West Road, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Jian Song
- Science and Technology on Microsystem Laboratory, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao West Road, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao West Road, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao West Road, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Jinghui Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao West Road, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yao Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao West Road, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Chongyu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao West Road, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Youwei Hong
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Weiguo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao West Road, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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7
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Pahal S, Boranna R, Prashanth GR, Varma MM. Simplifying Molecular Transport in Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Thin Films. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Suman Pahal
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem) Bengaluru Karnataka 560065 India
- Centre for Nano Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Science Bengaluru Karnataka 560012 India
| | - Rakshith Boranna
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering National Institute of Technology Goa Farmagudi Ponda Goa 403401 India
| | - Gurusiddappa R. Prashanth
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering National Institute of Technology Goa Farmagudi Ponda Goa 403401 India
| | - Manoj M. Varma
- Centre for Nano Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Science Bengaluru Karnataka 560012 India
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8
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Ozel B, Kruk D, Wojciechowski M, Osuch M, Oztop MH. Water Dynamics in Whey-Protein-Based Composite Hydrogels by Means of NMR Relaxometry. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9672. [PMID: 34575838 PMCID: PMC8469572 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Whey-protein-isolate-based composite hydrogels with encapsulated black carrot (Daucus carota) extract were prepared by heat-induced gelation. The hydrogels were blended with gum tragacanth, pectin and xanthan gum polysaccharides for modulating their properties. 1H spin-lattice relaxation experiments were performed in a broad frequency range, from 4 kHz to 30 MHz, to obtain insight into the influence of the different polysaccharides and of the presence of black carrot on dynamical properties of water molecules in the hydrogel network. The 1H spin-lattice relaxation data were decomposed into relaxation contributions associated with confined and free water fractions. The population of the confined water fraction and the value of the translation diffusion coefficient of water molecules in the vicinity of the macromolecular network were quantitatively determined on the basis of the relaxation data. Moreover, it was demonstrated that the translation diffusion is highly anisotropic (two-dimensional, 2D).
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Affiliation(s)
- Baris Ozel
- Department of Food Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; (B.O.); (M.H.O.)
- Department of Food Engineering, Ahi Evran University, Kirsehir 40100, Turkey
| | - Danuta Kruk
- Department of Physics & Biophysics, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Michala Oczapowskiego 4, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Milosz Wojciechowski
- Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Sloneczna 54, 10-710 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Maciej Osuch
- Department of Physics & Biophysics, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Michala Oczapowskiego 4, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Mecit Halil Oztop
- Department of Food Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; (B.O.); (M.H.O.)
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9
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Lalwani SM, Batys P, Sammalkorpi M, Lutkenhaus JL. Relaxation Times of Solid-like Polyelectrolyte Complexes of Varying pH and Water Content. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suvesh M. Lalwani
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Piotr Batys
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, PL-30239 Krakow, Poland
| | - Maria Sammalkorpi
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O.
Box 16100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Jodie L. Lutkenhaus
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Department of Materials Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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10
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Mahadevan G, Ruifan Q, Hian Jane YH, Valiyaveettil S. Effect of Polymer Nano- and Microparticles on Calcium Carbonate Crystallization. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:20522-20529. [PMID: 34395998 PMCID: PMC8359134 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c02564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Molecular and macromolecular templates are known to affect the shape, size, and polymorph selectivity on the biomineralization of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). Micro- and nanoparticles of common polymers present in the environment are beginning to show toxicity in living organisms. In this study, the role of plastic nanoparticles in the biomineralization of CaCO3 is explored to understand the ecological impact of plastic pollution. As a model study, luminescent poly(methyl methacrylate) nanoparticles (PMMA-NPs) were prepared using the nanoprecipitation method, fully characterized, and used for the mineralization experiments to understand their influence on nucleation, morphology, and polymorph selectivity of CaCO3 crystals. The PMMA-NPs induced calcite crystal nucleation with spherical morphologies at high concentrations. Microplastic particles collected from a commercial face scrub were also used for CaCO3 nucleation to observe the nucleation of calcite crystals on the particle surface. Microscopic, spectroscopic, and X-ray diffraction data were used to characterize and identify the nucleated crystals. The data presented in this paper add more information on the impact of microplastics on the marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gomathi Mahadevan
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543 Singapore
| | - Qiu Ruifan
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543 Singapore
| | - Yap Hui Hian Jane
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543 Singapore
| | - Suresh Valiyaveettil
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543 Singapore
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11
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Yang CC, Yen YY, Hsu CK, Cheng NY, Tzeng SY, Chou SJ, Chang JM, Tseng SH. Investigation of water bonding status of normal and psoriatic skin in vivo using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8901. [PMID: 33903688 PMCID: PMC8076238 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88530-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis affects more than 125 million people worldwide, and the diagnosis and treatment efficacy evaluation of the disease mainly rely on clinical assessments that could be subjective. Our previous study showed that the skin erythema level could be quantified using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and the hemoglobin concentration of most psoriatic lesion was higher than that of its adjacent uninvolved skin. While the compromised epidermal barrier function has been taken as the major cause of clinical manifestation of skin dryness and inflammation of psoriasis, very few methods can be used to effectively evaluate this function. In this study, we investigate the near infrared spectroscopic features of psoriatic (n = 21) and normal (n = 21) skin that could link to the epidermal barrier function. From the DRS measurements, it was found that the water bonding status and light scattering properties of psoriasis are significantly different from those of uninvolved or normal skin. The connection between these parameters to the epidermal barrier function and morphology will be discussed. Our results suggest that objective evaluation of epidermal barrier function of psoriasis could be achieved using a simple DRS system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Chun Yang
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yun-Yo Yen
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chao-Kai Hsu
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan, R.O.C..
| | - Nan-Yu Cheng
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shih-Yu Tzeng
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shih-Jay Chou
- Instrument Technology Research Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jun-Ming Chang
- Instrument Technology Research Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Sheng-Hao Tseng
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan, R.O.C..
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12
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Batys P, Fedorov D, Mohammadi P, Lemetti L, Linder MB, Sammalkorpi M. Self-Assembly of Silk-like Protein into Nanoscale Bicontinuous Networks under Phase-Separation Conditions. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:690-700. [PMID: 33406825 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Liquid-liquid phase separation of biomacromolecules is crucial in various inter- and extracellular biological functions. This includes formation of condensates to control, e.g., biochemical reactions and structural assembly. The same phenomenon is also found to be critically important in protein-based high-performance biological materials. Here, we use a well-characterized model triblock protein system to demonstrate the molecular level formation mechanism and structure of its condensate. Large-scale molecular modeling supported by analytical ultracentrifuge characterization combined with our earlier high magnification precision cryo-SEM microscopy imaging leads to deducing that the condensate has a bicontinuous network structure. The bicontinuous network rises from the proteins having a combination of sites with stronger mutual attraction and multiple weakly attractive regions connected by flexible, multiconfigurational linker regions. These attractive sites and regions behave as stickers of varying adhesion strength. For the examined model triblock protein construct, the β-sheet-rich end units are the stronger stickers, while additional weaker stickers, contributing to the condensation affinity, rise from spring-like connections in the flexible middle region of the protein. The combination of stronger and weaker sticker-like connections and the flexible regions between the stickers result in a versatile, liquid-like, self-healing structure. This structure also explains the high flexibility, easy deformability, and diffusion of the proteins, decreasing only 10-100 times in the bicontinuous network formed in the condensate phase in comparison to dilute protein solution. The here demonstrated structure and condensation mechanism of a model triblock protein construct via a combination of the stronger binding regions and the weaker, flexible sacrificial-bond-like network as well as its generalizability via polymer sticker models provide means to not only understand intracellular organization, regulation, and cellular function but also to identify direct control factors for and to enable engineering improved protein and polymer constructs to enhance control of advanced fiber materials, smart liquid biointerfaces, or self-healing matrices for pharmaceutics or bioengineering materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Batys
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, PL-30239 Krakow, Poland.,Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Dmitrii Fedorov
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Pezhman Mohammadi
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., FI-02044 Espoo, Finland
| | - Laura Lemetti
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Markus B Linder
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Maria Sammalkorpi
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland.,Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
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Manoj Lalwani S, Eneh CI, Lutkenhaus JL. Emerging trends in the dynamics of polyelectrolyte complexes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:24157-24177. [PMID: 33094301 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03696j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) are highly tunable materials that result from the phase separation that occurs upon mixing oppositely charged polymers. Over the years, they have gained interest due to their broad range of applications such as drug delivery systems, protective coatings, food packaging, and surface adhesives. In this review, we summarize the structure, phase transitions, chain dynamics, and rheological and thermal properties of PECs. Although most literature focuses upon the thermodynamics and application of PECs, this review highlights the fundamental role of salt and water on mechanical and thermal properties impacting the PEC's dynamics. A special focus is placed upon experimental results and techniques. Specifically, the review examines phase behaviour and salt partitioning in PECs, as well as different techniques used to measure diffusion coefficients, relaxation times, various superpositioning principles, glass transitions, and water microenvironments in PECs. This review concludes with future areas of opportunity in fundamental studies and best practices in reporting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvesh Manoj Lalwani
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77840, USA.
| | - Chikaodinaka I Eneh
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77840, USA.
| | - Jodie L Lutkenhaus
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77840, USA. and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77840, USA
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Grossutti M, Dutcher JR. Hydration Water Structure, Hydration Forces, and Mechanical Properties of Polysaccharide Films. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:4871-4877. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Grossutti
- Department of Physics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1
| | - John R. Dutcher
- Department of Physics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1
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Guzmán E, Rubio RG, Ortega F. A closer physico-chemical look to the Layer-by-Layer electrostatic self-assembly of polyelectrolyte multilayers. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 282:102197. [PMID: 32579951 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of polyelectrolyte multilayer films (PEMs) using the Layer-by-Layer (LbL) method is one of the most versatile approaches for manufacturing functional surfaces. This is the result of the possibility to control the assembly process of the LbL films almost at will, by changing the nature of the assembled materials (building blocks), the assembly conditions (pH, ionic strength, temperature, etc.) or even by changing some other operational parameters which may impact in the structure and physico-chemical properties of the obtained multi-layered films. Therefore, the understanding of the impact of the above mentioned parameters on the assembly process of LbL materials plays a critical role in the potential use of the LbL method for the fabrication of new functional materials with technological interest. This review tries to provide a broad physico-chemical perspective to the study of the fabrication process of PEMs by the LbL method, which allows one to take advantage of the many possibilities offered for this approach on the fabrication of new functional nanomaterials.
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Anomalous Influence of Salt Concentration on Deposition of Poly(l-Lysine)/Cellulose Sulfate Multilayers Evidenced by In Situ ATR-FTIR. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25102336. [PMID: 32429482 PMCID: PMC7288139 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25102336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The deposition of polyelectrolyte (PEL) multilayers (PEMs) of poly(l-lysine)/cellulose sulfate (PLL/CS) onto germanium (Ge) substrates depending on salt concentration (cS) and deposition step z at constant PEL concentration cPEL = 0.01 M and pH = 7.0 was studied. In situ ATR-FTIR spectroscopy was used for the quantitative determination of alternate PLL/CS deposition profiles (adsorbed amount versus z) and total deposited PEM amount. By varying cS from 0 M to 1.0 M, a maximum of deposited amount was obtained at 0.1 M, so that both no salinity (0 M) and high salinity (1.0 M) revealed deposited amounts that were far lower than for mean salinity (0.1 M). Furthermore, in situ ATR-FTIR allowed to determine the detailed modulation of the PEL composition during the consecutive PEM deposition, which was interpreted as being due to both diffusion of given PEL from the PEM interior towards the outermost region and release of the PEM upon contact with the bulk oppositely charged PEL solution. Finally, ex situ ATR-FTIR measurements on the PEL solutions after deposition of PEM-20 revealed the distinct release of PEL from the PEM solely for cS = 1.0 M, due to the highest mobility of PEL under high salt conditions. These studies help to prepare functional PEM coatings with defined thicknesses and morphologies for the passivation and activation of material surfaces in the biomedical and food field.
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