1
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Li Z, Jin Y, Li C, Chang Z, Wu S, Sun Y, Jiang L, Xu W. Synthesis of a highly conductive coordination polymer film via a vapor-solid phase chemical conversion process. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024. [PMID: 39069836 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02433h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
A novel vapor-solid phase chemical conversion process is reported here to synthesise high-quality films of the conductive coordination polymer (c-CP) Ag5BHT (BHT = benzenehexanothiolate), which has the potential to be applied for the synthesis and processing of c-CP electronic devices. This approach involves reacting a silver oxide precursor and an H6BHT linker in an isopropanol solvent vapor atmosphere to obtain Ag5BHT thin films with controllable thickness (100-300 nm). The as-synthesized Ag5BHT thin films exhibit conductivities as high as 10 S cm-1. Additionally, under field-effect modulation, these nanofilms demonstrate remarkably high charge mobility (38 cm2 v-1 s-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yigang Jin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chunlei Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zixin Chang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Sha Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yimeng Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Lang Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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2
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Jussila T, Philip A, Rubio-Giménez V, Eklund K, Vasala S, Glatzel P, Lindén J, Motohashi T, Karttunen AJ, Ameloot R, Karppinen M. Chemical Bonding and Crystal Structure Schemes in Atomic/Molecular Layer Deposited Fe-Terephthalate Thin Films. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2024; 36:6489-6503. [PMID: 39005530 PMCID: PMC11238545 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.4c00555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Advanced deposition routes are vital for the growth of functional metal-organic thin films. The gas-phase atomic/molecular layer deposition (ALD/MLD) technique provides solvent-free and uniform nanoscale thin films with unprecedented thickness control and allows straightforward device integration. Most excitingly, the ALD/MLD technique can enable the in situ growth of novel crystalline metal-organic materials. An exquisite example is iron-terephthalate (Fe-BDC), which is one of the most appealing metal-organic framework (MOF) type materials and thus widely studied in bulk form owing to its attractive potential in photocatalysis, biomedicine, and beyond. Resolving the chemistry and structural features of new thin film materials requires an extended selection of characterization and modeling techniques. Here we demonstrate how the unique features of the ALD/MLD grown in situ crystalline Fe-BDC thin films, different from the bulk Fe-BDC MOFs, can be resolved through techniques such as synchrotron grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD), Mössbauer spectroscopy, and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) and crystal structure predictions. The investigations of the Fe-BDC thin films, containing both trivalent and divalent iron, converge toward a novel crystalline Fe(III)-BDC monoclinic phase with space group C2/c and an amorphous Fe(II)-BDC phase. Finally, we demonstrate the excellent thermal stability of our Fe-BDC thin films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Topias Jussila
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto
University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Anish Philip
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto
University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Víctor Rubio-Giménez
- Centre
for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy (cMACS), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kim Eklund
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto
University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Sami Vasala
- ESRF
- The European Synchrotron, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Johan Lindén
- Physics/Faculty
of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi
University, FI-20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Teruki Motohashi
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Kanagawa University, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan
| | - Antti J. Karttunen
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto
University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Rob Ameloot
- Centre
for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy (cMACS), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maarit Karppinen
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto
University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
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3
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Aoki K, Matsuzawa T, Suetsugu K, Hara M, Nagano S, Nagao Y. Influence of Humidity on Layer-by-Layer Growth and Structure in Coordination Networks. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:6674-6682. [PMID: 38560782 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising materials because of their high designability of pores and functionalities. Especially, MOF thin films and their properties have been investigated toward applications in nanodevices. Typically, MOF thin films are fabricated by using a bottom-up method such as layer-by-layer (LbL) growth in air. Because the water molecules can coordinate and be replaced with organic linkers during synthesis, humidity conditions will be expected to influence the LbL growth processes. In this study, we fabricated MOF thin films composed of Zn2+, tetrakis-(4-carboxyphenyl)-porphyrin (TCPP), and 4,4'-bipyridyl (bpy) at 10 and 40% relative humidity (RH) conditions. Then, we investigated the humidity effects on chemical compositions of TCPP and bpy, periodic structure, orientation, and surface morphology. At high RH, coordination replacement of water with the organic linkers becomes more competitive than that at low RH, resulting in a different TCPP/bpy composition ratio between the two RH conditions. Also, more frequent coordination replacements of water with the organic linkers at high RH led to the formation of phases other than that observed at low RH, loss of growth orientation, and rough surface. The findings clarified the importance of controlling the RH condition during LbL growth to obtain the desired coordination networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Aoki
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Matsuzawa
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Kota Suetsugu
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Hara
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Shusaku Nagano
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Yuki Nagao
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
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4
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Rubio-Giménez V, Carraro F, Hofer S, Fratschko M, Stassin T, Rodríguez-Hermida S, Schrode B, Barba L, Resel R, Falcaro P, Ameloot R. Polymorphism and orientation control of copper-dicarboxylate metal-organic framework thin films through vapour- and liquid-phase growth. CrystEngComm 2024; 26:1071-1076. [PMID: 38384732 PMCID: PMC10877460 DOI: 10.1039/d3ce01296d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Precise control over the crystalline phase and crystallographic orientation within thin films of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is highly desirable. Here, we report a comparison of the liquid- and vapour-phase film deposition of two copper-dicarboxylate MOFs starting from an oriented metal hydroxide precursor. X-ray diffraction revealed that the vapour- or liquid-phase reaction of the linker with this precursor results in different crystalline phases, morphologies, and orientations. Pole figure analysis showed that solution-based growth of the MOFs follows the axial texture of the metal hydroxide precursor, resulting in heteroepitaxy. In contrast, the vapour-phase method results in non-epitaxial growth with uniplanar texture only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Rubio-Giménez
- Centre for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy (cMACS), KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Francesco Carraro
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology Stremayrgasse 9/Z2 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Sebastian Hofer
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology Petersgasse 16 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Mario Fratschko
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology Petersgasse 16 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Timothée Stassin
- Centre for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy (cMACS), KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Sabina Rodríguez-Hermida
- Centre for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy (cMACS), KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Benedikt Schrode
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology Petersgasse 16 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Luisa Barba
- Istituto di Cristallografia - Sincrotrone Elettra, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Area Science Park 34142 Basovizza Italy
| | - Roland Resel
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology Petersgasse 16 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Paolo Falcaro
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology Stremayrgasse 9/Z2 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Rob Ameloot
- Centre for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy (cMACS), KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium
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5
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Pan B, Wang J, Yao C, Zhang S, Wu R, Zeng H, Wang D, Wu C. In Situ Growth of MOF-303 Membranes onto Porous Anodic Aluminum Oxide Substrates for Harvesting Salinity-Gradient Energy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:59463-59474. [PMID: 38099706 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c13935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
As an emerging metal-organic framework (MOF) material in recent years, the MOF-303 membrane has shown great potential applications in seawater desalination, dehydration, and atmospheric water harvesting. Herein, we report on a dense and uniform MOF-303 membrane fabricated by a facile in situ hydrothermal synthesis approach in the presence of an anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) channel membrane acting as the only Al source and substrate. Interestingly, the MOF-303 isomer can be obtained due to an insufficient amount of organic ligand caused by the less hydrophilic and larger pore size of the AAO substrate. The MOF-based composite membranes possessed surface-charge-governed ionic transport behavior. Moreover, the MOF-303/AAO membrane yielded an output power density of 1.87 W/m2 under a 50-fold KCl concentration gradient. Under a 50-fold gradient of artificial seawater and river water, a maximum power density of 1.46 W/m2 can be obtained. After 30 days of stability testing, the composite membrane still maintained the power output, and the power density was higher than 1.20 W/m2. This work provides a facile and effective strategy for constructing Al-based MOF composite membranes and boosts their applications in harvesting salinity-gradient energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boting Pan
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Wang
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenling Yao
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, People's Republic of China
| | - Shangtao Zhang
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Wu
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Zeng
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Wang
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, People's Republic of China
| | - Caiqin Wu
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, People's Republic of China
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6
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Keppler NC, Hannebauer A, Hindricks KDJ, Zailskas S, Schaate A, Behrens P. Transmission Porosimetry Study on High-quality Zr-fum-MOF Thin Films. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202300699. [PMID: 37713072 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Crystalline Zr-fum-MOF (MOF-801) thin films of high quality are prepared on glass and silicon substrates by direct growth under solvothermal conditions. The synthesis is described in detail and the influence of different synthesis parameters such as temperature, precursor concentration, and the substrate type on the quality of the coatings is illustrated. Zr-fum-MOF thin films are characterized in terms of crystallinity, porosity, and homogeneity. Dense films of optical quality are obtained. The sorption behavior of the thin films is studied with various adsorptives. It can be easily monitored by measuring the transmission of the films in gas flows of different compositions. This simple transmission measurement at only one wavelength allows a very fast evaluation of the adsorption properties of thin films as compared to traditional sorption methods. The sorption behavior of the thin films is compared with the sorption properties of Zr-fum-MOF powder samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Christian Keppler
- Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Callinstr. 9, 30167, Hannover, Germany
- Leibniz University Hannover Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD (Photonics, Optics and Engineering - Innovation Across Disciplines), Welfengarten 1, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Adrian Hannebauer
- Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Callinstr. 9, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Karen Deli Josephine Hindricks
- Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Callinstr. 9, 30167, Hannover, Germany
- Leibniz University Hannover Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD (Photonics, Optics and Engineering - Innovation Across Disciplines), Welfengarten 1, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Saskia Zailskas
- Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Callinstr. 9, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Schaate
- Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Callinstr. 9, 30167, Hannover, Germany
- Leibniz University Hannover Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD (Photonics, Optics and Engineering - Innovation Across Disciplines), Welfengarten 1, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Peter Behrens
- Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Callinstr. 9, 30167, Hannover, Germany
- Leibniz University Hannover Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD (Photonics, Optics and Engineering - Innovation Across Disciplines), Welfengarten 1, 30167, Hannover, Germany
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7
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Zhang A, Zhang Q, Fu H, Zong H, Guo H. Metal-Organic Frameworks and Their Derivatives-Based Nanostructure with Different Dimensionalities for Supercapacitors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2303911. [PMID: 37541305 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
With the urgent demand for the achievement of carbon neutrality, novel nanomaterials, and environmentally friendly nanotechnologies are constantly being explored and continue to drive the sustainable development of energy storage and conversion installations. Among various candidate materials, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and their derivatives with unique nanostructures have attracted increasing attention and intensive investigation for the construction of next generation electrode materials, benefitting from their unique intrinsic characteristics such as large specific surface area, high porosity, and chemical tunability as well as the interconnected channels. Nevertheless, the poor electrochemical conductivity severely limits their application prospects, hence a variety of nanocomposites with multifarious structures have been designed and proposed from different dimensionalities. In this review, recent advances based on MOFs and their derivatives in different dimensionalities ranging from 1D nanopowders to 2D nanofilms and 3D aerogels, as well as 4D self-supporting electrodes for supercapacitors are summarized and highlighted. Furthermore, the key challenges and perspectives of MOFs and their derivatives-based materials for the practical and sustainable electrochemical energy conversion and storage applications are also briefly discussed, which may be served as a guideline for the design of next-generation electrode materials from different dimensionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitang Zhang
- Institute for Graphene Applied Technology Innovation, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Marine Biomass Fibers, Materials and Textiles of Shandong Province, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- Institute for Graphene Applied Technology Innovation, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Marine Biomass Fibers, Materials and Textiles of Shandong Province, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Hucheng Fu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Fire Retardant Materials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Hanwen Zong
- Institute for Graphene Applied Technology Innovation, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Marine Biomass Fibers, Materials and Textiles of Shandong Province, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Hanwen Guo
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, China
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8
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Hindricks KDJ, Schaate A, Behrens P. Postsynthetic Photochemical Modification and 2D Structuring of Zr-MOF Thin Films Containing Benzophenone Linker Molecules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202303753. [PMID: 37154383 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202303753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
For the fabrication of next-generation MOF-based devices the availability of highly adaptable materials in suitable shapes is crucial. Here, we present thin films of a metal-organic framework (MOF) containing photoreactive benzophenone units. Crystalline, oriented and porous films of the zirconium-based bzpdc-MOF (bzpdc=benzophenone-4-4'-dicarboxylate) are prepared by direct growth on silicon or glass substrates. Via a subsequent photochemical modification of the Zr-bzpdc-MOF films, various properties can be tuned postsynthetically by covalent attachment of modifying agents. Apart from the modification with small molecules, also grafting-from polymerization reactions are possible. In a further extension, 2D structuring and photo-writing of defined structures is also possible, for example by using a photolithographic approach, paving the way towards micro-patterned MOF surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen D J Hindricks
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstr. 9, 30167, Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD, Leibniz University Hannover, Welfengarten 1A, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Schaate
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstr. 9, 30167, Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD, Leibniz University Hannover, Welfengarten 1A, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Peter Behrens
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstr. 9, 30167, Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD, Leibniz University Hannover, Welfengarten 1A, 30167, Hannover, Germany
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9
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Silva RM, Rocha J, Silva RF. ALD/MLD coating of patterned vertically aligned carbon nanotube micropillars with Fe-NH 2TP hybrids. NANOSCALE 2023. [PMID: 37306049 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr01610b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The creation of nanoscale organic-inorganic hybrid coatings with uniform architecture and high surface area, while maintaining their structural and morphological integrity, remains a significant challenge in the field. In this study, we present a novel solution, by utilizing Atomic/Molecular Layer Deposition (ALD/MLD) to coat patterned vertically aligned carbon nanotube micropillars with a conformal amorphous layer of Fe-NH2TP, which is a trivalent iron complex complexed with 2-amino terephthalate. The effectiveness of the coating is verified through multiple analytical techniques, including high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy, grazing incidence X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The Fe-NH2TP hybrid film exhibits hydrophobic properties, as confirmed by water contact angle measurements. Our findings contribute to advancing the understanding of how to grow high-quality one-dimensional materials using ALD/MLD and hold promise for future research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Silva
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - J Rocha
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - R F Silva
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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10
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Huang Q, Yang Y, Qian J. Structure-directed growth and morphology of multifunctional metal-organic frameworks. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
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11
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Liu X, Sun Y, Wang C, Lv L, Liang Y. Fabrication of Ni−MOF−74@PA−PEI for Radon Removal under Ambient Conditions. Processes (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/pr11041069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Radon is one of the 19 carcinogenic substances identified by the World Health Organization, posing a significant threat to human health and the environment. Properly removing radon under ambient conditions remains challenging. Compared with traditional radon−adsorbent materials such as activated carbon and zeolite, metal–organic framework (MOF) materials provide a high specific surface area, rich structure, and designability. However, MOF material powders demonstrate complications regarding practical use, such as easy accumulation, deactivation, and difficult recovery. Ni−MOF−74 was in situ grown on a porous polyacrylic acid (PA) spherical substrate via stepwise negative pressure impregnation. Ni−MOF−74 was structured as one−dimensional rod−shaped crystals (200–300 nm) in large−pore PA microspheres, whose porous structure increased the diffusion of radon gas. The radon adsorption coefficient of a Ni−MOF−74@PA−polyethyleneimine composite material was 0.49 L/g (293 K, relative humidity of 20%, air carrier). In comparison with pristine Ni−MOF−74 powder, our composite material exhibited enhanced adsorption and longer penetration time. The radon adsorption coefficient of the composite material was found to be from one to two orders of magnitude higher than that of zeolite and silica gel. The proposed material can be used for radon adsorption while overcoming the formation problem of MOF powders. Our preparation approach can provide a reference for the composite process of MOFs and polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Liu
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Yuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Chunlai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Li Lv
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Yun Liang
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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12
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Monjezi BH, Okur S, Limbach R, Chandresh A, Sen K, Hashem T, Schwotzer M, Wondraczek L, Wöll C, Knebel A. Fast Dynamic Synthesis of MIL-68(In) Thin Films in High Optical Quality for Optical Cavity Sensing. ACS NANO 2023; 17:6121-6130. [PMID: 36877629 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c01558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Fabrication of metal-organic framework (MOF) thin films rigidly anchored on suitable substrates is a crucial prerequisite for the integration of these porous hybrid materials into electronic and optical devices. Thus, far, the structural variety for MOF thin films available through layer-by-layer deposition was limited, as the preparation of those surface-anchored metal-organic frameworks (SURMOFs) has several requirements: mild conditions, low temperatures, day-long reaction times, and nonaggressive solvents. We herein present a fast method for the preparation of the MIL SURMOF on Au-surfaces under rather harsh conditions: Using a dynamic layer-by-layer synthesis for MIL-68(In), thin films of adjustable thickness between 50 and 2000 nm could be deposited within only 60 min. The MIL-68(In) thin film growth was monitored in situ using a quartz crystal microbalance. In-plane X-ray diffraction revealed oriented MIL-68(In) growth with the pore-channels of this interesting MOF aligned parallel to the support. Scanning electron microscopy data demonstrated an extraordinarily low roughness of the MIL-68(In) thin films. Mechanical properties and lateral homogeneity of the layer were probed through nanoindentation. These thin films showed extremely high optical quality. By applying a poly(methyl methacrylate) layer and further depositing an Au-mirror to the top, a MOF optical cavity was fabricated that can be used as a Fabry-Perot interferometer. The MIL-68(In)-based cavity showed a series of sharp resonances in the ultraviolet-visible regime. Changes in the refractive index of MIL-68(In) caused by exposure to volatile compounds led to pronounced position shifts of the resonances. Thus, these cavities are well suited to be used as optical read-out sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahram Hosseini Monjezi
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Salih Okur
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - René Limbach
- Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Fraunhoferstraße 6, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Abhinav Chandresh
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Kaushik Sen
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Tawheed Hashem
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Matthias Schwotzer
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Lothar Wondraczek
- Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Fraunhoferstraße 6, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Christof Wöll
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Alexander Knebel
- Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Fraunhoferstraße 6, 07743 Jena, Germany
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13
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Recent progress of metal-organic frameworks as sensors in (bio)analytical fields: towards real-world applications. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:2005-2023. [PMID: 36598537 PMCID: PMC9811896 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04493-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The deployment of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) in a plethora of analytical and bioanalytical applications is a growing research area. Their unique properties such as high but tunable porosity, well-defined channels or pores, and ease of post-synthetic modification to incorporate additional functional units make them ideal candidates for sensing applications. This is possible because the interaction of analytes with a MOF often results in a change in its structure, eventually leading to a modification of the intrinsic physicochemical properties of the MOF which is then transduced into a measurable signal. The high porosity allows for the adsorption of analytes very efficiently, while the tunable pore sizes/nature and/or installation of specific recognition groups allow modulating the affinity towards different classes of compounds, which in turn lead to good sensor sensitivity and selectivity, respectively. Some figures are given to illustrate the potential of MOF-based sensors in the most relevant application fields, and future challenges and opportunities to their possible translation from academia (i.e., laboratory testing of MOF sensing properties) to industry (i.e., real-world analytical sensor devices) are critically discussed.
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14
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Mishra S, Paszkowicz W, Sulich A, Jakiela R, Ożga M, Guziewicz E. Electrical and Structural Properties of Semi-Polar-ZnO/ a-Al 2O 3 and Polar-ZnO/ c-Al 2O 3 Films: A Comparative Study. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 16:151. [PMID: 36614490 PMCID: PMC9821142 DOI: 10.3390/ma16010151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the properties of ZnO films of 100 nm thickness, grown using atomic layer deposition (ALD) on a-(100) and c-(001) oriented Al2O3 substrate are reported. The films were grown in the same growth conditions and parameters at six different growth temperatures (Tg) ranging from 100 °C to 300 °C. All as-grown and annealed films were found to be polycrystalline, highly (001) oriented for the c-Al2O3 and highly (101) oriented for the a-Al2O3 substrate. The manifestation of semi-polar-(101) and polar (001)-oriented ZnO films on the same substrate provided the opportunity for a comparative study in terms of the influence of polarization on the electrical and structural properties of ZnO films. It was found that the concentration of hydrogen, carbon, and nitrogen impurities in polar (001)-oriented films was considerably higher than in semi-polar (101)-oriented ZnO films. The study showed that when transparent conductive oxide applications were considered, the ZnO layers could be deposited at a temperature of about 160 °C, because, at this growth temperature, the high electrical conductivity was accompanied by surface smoothness in the nanometer scale. On the contrary, semi-polar (101)-oriented films might offer a perspective for obtaining p-type ZnO films, because the concentration of carbon and hydrogen impurities is considerably lower than in polar films.
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15
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Shen Y, Tissot A, Serre C. Recent progress on MOF-based optical sensors for VOC sensing. Chem Sci 2022; 13:13978-14007. [PMID: 36540831 PMCID: PMC9728564 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04314a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The raising apprehension of volatile organic compound (VOC) exposures urges the exploration of advanced monitoring platforms. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) provide many attractive features including tailorable porosity, high surface areas, good chemical/thermal stability, and various host-guest interactions, making them appealing candidates for VOC capture and sensing. To comprehensively exploit the potential of MOFs as sensing materials, great efforts have been dedicated to the shaping and patterning of MOFs for next-level device integration. Among different types of sensors (chemiresistive sensors, gravimetric sensors, optical sensors, etc.), MOFs coupled with optical sensors feature distinctive strength. This review summarized the latest advancements in MOF-based optical sensors with a particular focus on VOC sensing. The subject is discussed by different mechanisms: colorimetry, luminescence, and sensors based on optical index modulations. Critical analysis for each system highlighting practical aspects was also deliberated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Shen
- Institut des Matériaux Poreux de Paris, Ecole Normale Supérieure, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL University 75005 Paris France
| | - Antoine Tissot
- Institut des Matériaux Poreux de Paris, Ecole Normale Supérieure, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL University 75005 Paris France
| | - Christian Serre
- Institut des Matériaux Poreux de Paris, Ecole Normale Supérieure, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL University 75005 Paris France
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16
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Bhawnani RR, Sartape R, Prajapati A, Podupu P, Coliaie P, Nere AN, Singh MR. Percolation-assisted coating of metal-organic frameworks on porous substrates. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.121202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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17
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Lo Presti F, Borzì A, Lucia Pellegrino A, Rossi P, Paoli P, Malandrino G. Morphology controlled synthesis of yttrium metal-organic frameworks with a tritopic ligand. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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18
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Lian H, Bao B, Chen J, Yang W, Yang Y, Hou R, Ju S, Pan Y. Controllable synthesis of ZIF-8 interlocked membranes for propylene/propane separation. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Yan Y, Ni M, Wang F, Yu Y, Gong X, Huang Y, Tao W, Li C, Wang F. Metal-Organic Framework-Based Biosensor for Detecting Hydrogen Peroxide in Plants through Color-to-Thermal Signal Conversion. ACS NANO 2022; 16:15175-15187. [PMID: 36075214 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c06481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant biotic or abiotic stresses, such as pathogens, mechanical damage, or high temperature, can increase intracellular H2O2 concentration, damaging proteins, lipids, and DNA. Most current H2O2 detection methods require the separation or grinding of plant samples, inducing plant stresses, and the process is complicated and time-consuming. This paper constructed a metal-organic framework (MOF)-based biosensor for real-time, remote, and in situ detection of exogenous/endogenous H2O2 in plant organs through color-to-thermal signal conversion. By simply spraying horseradish peroxidase, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and the precursor of zeolite imidazolate frameworks-8 (ZIF-8), ZIF-8 biosensors were formed in situ on a plant root, petiole, or leaf. This biosensor could report sub-micromolar H2O2 in plants since the oxidation products, ABTS• +, emitted heat when they absorbed energy from near-infrared (NIR) light. Due to the plant's low absorption in the NIR region, the ZIF-8 biosensor allowed for remote thermal sensing of H2O2 transport or biotic/abiotic stresses in plants with a high signal-to-noise ratio combining NIR laser and thermometer. Our biosensor can be used for the future development of plant sensors for monitoring plant signaling pathways and metabolism that are nondestructive, minimally invasive, and capable of real-time, in situ analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, P. R. China
| | - Min Ni
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, P. R. China
| | - Fan Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, P. R. China
| | - Yue Yu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, P. R. China
| | - Xin Gong
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, P. R. China
| | - Yue Huang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China
| | - Wei Tao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, P. R. China
| | - Chao Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, P. R. China
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20
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Liu X, Ding M, Ma P, Duan C, Yao J. Rational fabrication of ZIF-8 forests via metal template-guided growth for promoting CO2 chemical transformation. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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21
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Baumgartner B, Mashita R, Fukatsu A, Okada K, Takahashi M. Guest Alignment and Defect Formation during Pore Filling in Metal–Organic Framework Films. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202201725. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202201725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Baumgartner
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering Osaka Prefecture University* (* Present name: Osaka Metropolitan University) Sakai Osaka, 599-8531 Japan
| | - Risa Mashita
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering Osaka Prefecture University* (* Present name: Osaka Metropolitan University) Sakai Osaka, 599-8531 Japan
| | - Arisa Fukatsu
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering Osaka Prefecture University* (* Present name: Osaka Metropolitan University) Sakai Osaka, 599-8531 Japan
| | - Kenji Okada
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering Osaka Prefecture University* (* Present name: Osaka Metropolitan University) Sakai Osaka, 599-8531 Japan
- JST, PRESTO 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi Saitama 332-0012 Japan
| | - Masahide Takahashi
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering Osaka Prefecture University* (* Present name: Osaka Metropolitan University) Sakai Osaka, 599-8531 Japan
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22
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Zhang X, Yang S, Lu R, Zan X, Li N. Universal Strategy to Efficiently Coat Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks onto Diverse Substrates. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:17765-17773. [PMID: 35664582 PMCID: PMC9161383 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Anchoring metal-organic framework (MOF) coating has attracted extensive interest due to its wide applications in drug delivery, gas storage and separation, catalysis, and so forth. Here, we reported a flexible strategy on generating ZIF-8 coatings onto diverse substrates in the scale up to hundreds cm2, independent of the geometry of the substrate, with controllable thickness, texture structure, and crystal size of coating. By understanding the mechanism and factors on the formation of ZIF-8 coatings, various zeolitic imidazolate framework coatings were successfully produced. This general strategy and in-depth insights pave the new highway to the design and synthesis of MOF coatings onto diverse substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Zhang
- Xinjiang
Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuoshuo Yang
- Oujiang
Laboratory, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Perioperative Medicine, Wenzhou
Institute, University of Chinese Academy
of Sciences, No. 1 Jinlian
Road, Wenzhou 325001, China
- Hubei
Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ruofei Lu
- Xinjiang
Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xingjie Zan
- Xinjiang
Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
- Oujiang
Laboratory, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Perioperative Medicine, Wenzhou
Institute, University of Chinese Academy
of Sciences, No. 1 Jinlian
Road, Wenzhou 325001, China
| | - Na Li
- Oujiang
Laboratory, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Perioperative Medicine, Wenzhou
Institute, University of Chinese Academy
of Sciences, No. 1 Jinlian
Road, Wenzhou 325001, China
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23
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Baumgartner B, Mashita R, Fukatsu A, Okada K, Takahashi M. Ausrichtung von Gastmolekülen und Defektbildung während der Porenfüllung in Metallorganischen Gerüstverbindungsdünnschichten. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202201725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Baumgartner
- Department of Materials Science Graduate School of Engineering Osaka Prefecture University* (* Aktueller Name: Osaka Metropolitan University) Sakai Osaka, 599-8531 Japan
| | - Risa Mashita
- Department of Materials Science Graduate School of Engineering Osaka Prefecture University* (* Aktueller Name: Osaka Metropolitan University) Sakai Osaka, 599-8531 Japan
| | - Arisa Fukatsu
- Department of Materials Science Graduate School of Engineering Osaka Prefecture University* (* Aktueller Name: Osaka Metropolitan University) Sakai Osaka, 599-8531 Japan
| | - Kenji Okada
- Department of Materials Science Graduate School of Engineering Osaka Prefecture University* (* Aktueller Name: Osaka Metropolitan University) Sakai Osaka, 599-8531 Japan
- JST, PRESTO 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi Saitama 332-0012 Japan
| | - Masahide Takahashi
- Department of Materials Science Graduate School of Engineering Osaka Prefecture University* (* Aktueller Name: Osaka Metropolitan University) Sakai Osaka, 599-8531 Japan
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24
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Zhang AA, Li YL, Fang ZB, Xie L, Cao R, Liu Y, Liu TF. Facile Preparation of Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Framework/Cu 2O Heterostructure Films via Electrophoretic Deposition for Efficient CO 2 Photoreduction. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:21050-21058. [PMID: 35476406 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c02917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic CO2 reduction is one of the most cost-effective and environmentally friendly techniques of converting CO2 into high-value compounds and/or fuels. However, the performance of most current photocatalytic CO2 reduction catalysts is less than satisfactory for practical applications. Here, we synthesized a heterogeneous structure by integrating Cu2O and a porphyrin hydrogen-bonded organic framework (PFC-45), which was then fabricated into a thin-film catalyst on carbolic paper (CP) using a facile electrophoretic deposition technology. With improved electron-hole separation efficiency and visible-light-harvesting ability, this film (PFC-45/Cu2O@CP) significantly enhanced CO2-to-CO photoreduction, exceeding 2.4 and 3.2 times that of PFC-45@CP and PFC-45/Cu2O particles, respectively. Remarkably, PFC-45/Cu2O@CP also exhibited high selectivity (99%) and outstanding activity (11.81 μmol g-1 h-1) for photocatalytic CO2 reduction in pure water without any sacrificial agent. This work demonstrates a new strategy to design photocatalysts for efficient CO2 reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-An Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Bin Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Rong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yangyang Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90032, United States
| | - Tian-Fu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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25
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Al‐Ghazzawi F, Conte L, Richardson C, Wagner P. Reactive Extrusion Printing for Simultaneous Crystallization‐Deposition of Metal–Organic Framework Films. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117240. [PMID: 35146859 PMCID: PMC9303373 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Reactive extrusion printing (REP) is demonstrated as an approach to simultaneously crystallize and deposit films of the metal–organic framework (MOF) Cu3btc2 (btc=1,3,5‐benzenetricarboxylate), also known as HKUST‐1. The technique co‐delivers inks of the copper(II) acetate and H3btc starting materials directly on‐surface and on‐location for rapid nucleation into films at room temperature. The films were analyzed using PXRD, profilometry, SEM and thermal analysis techniques and confirmed high‐quality Cu3btc2 films are produced in low‐dispersity interconnected nanoparticulate form. The porosity was examined using gas adsorption which showed REP gives Cu3btc2 films with open interconnected pore structures, demonstrating the method bestows features that traditional synthesis does not. REP is a technique that opens the field to time‐efficient large‐scale fabrication of MOF interfaces and should find use in a wide variety of coating application settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatimah Al‐Ghazzawi
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute and ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science AIIM Faculty Innovation Campus University of Wollongong North Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
- Al-Nasiriyah Technical Institute Southern Technical University Thi-Qar Iraq
| | - Luke Conte
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience Faculty of Science Medicine and Health University of Wollongong North Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
| | - Christopher Richardson
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience Faculty of Science Medicine and Health University of Wollongong North Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
| | - Pawel Wagner
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute and ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science AIIM Faculty Innovation Campus University of Wollongong North Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
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26
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Anene UA, Alpay SP. Ab Initio Study of Hydrostable Metal-Organic Frameworks for Postsynthetic Modification and Tuning toward Practical Applications. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:7791-7805. [PMID: 35284705 PMCID: PMC8908368 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), a subclass of nanoporous coordination polymers, have emerged as one of the most promising next-generation materials. The postsynthetic modification method, a strategy that provides tunability and control of these materials, plays an important role in enhancing its properties and functionalities. However, knowing adjustments which leads to a desired structure-function a priori remains a challenge. In this comprehensive study, the intermolecular interactions between 21 industrially important gases and a hydrostable STAM-17-OEt MOF were investigated using density functional theory. Substitutions on its 5-ethoxy isophthalate linker included two classes of chemical groups, electron-donating (-NH2, -OH, and -CH3) and electron-withdrawing (-CN, -COOH, and -F), as well as the effect of mono-, di-, and tri-substitutions. This resulted in 651 unique MOF-gas complexes. The adsorption energies at the ground state and room temperature, bond lengths, adsorption geometry, natural bond orbital analysis of the electric structure, HOMO-LUMO interactions, and the predicted zwitterionic properties are presented and discussed. This study provides a viable strategy for the functionalization, which leads to the strongest affinity for each gas, an insight into the role of different chemical groups in adsorbing various gas molecules, and identifies synthetic routes for moderating the gas adsorption capacity and reducing water adsorption. Recommendations for various applications are discussed. A custom Python script to assess and visualize the hypothetical separation of two equal gas mixtures of interest is provided. The methodology presented here provides new opportunities to expand the chemical space and physical properties of STAM-17-OEt and advances the development of other hydrostable MOFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uchenna A. Anene
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - S. Pamir Alpay
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
- Department
of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
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27
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Liu M, Nothling MD, Zhang S, Fu Q, Qiao GG. Thin film composite membranes for postcombustion carbon capture: Polymers and beyond. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2022.101504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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28
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Lee T, Kim JO, Park C, Kim H, Kim M, Park H, Kim I, Ko J, Pak K, Choi SQ, Kim ID, Park S. Large-Area Synthesis of Ultrathin, Flexible, and Transparent Conductive Metal-Organic Framework Thin Films via a Microfluidic-Based Solution Shearing Process. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2107696. [PMID: 35040532 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202107696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Iminosemiquinone-linker-based conductive metal-organic frameworks (c-MOFs) have attracted much attention as next-generation electronic materials due to their high electrical conductivity combined with high porosity. However, the utility of such c-MOFs in high-performance devices has been limited to date by the lack of high-quality MOF thin-film processing. Herein, a technique known as the microfluidic-assisted solution shearing combined with post-synthetic rapid crystallization (MASS-PRC) process is introduced to generate a high-quality, flexible, and transparent thin-film of Ni3 (hexaiminotriphenylene)2 (Ni3 (HITP)2 ) uniformly over a large-area in a high-throughput manner with thickness controllability down to tens of nanometers. The MASS-PRC process utilizes: 1) a micromixer-embedded blade to simultaneously mix and continuously supply the metal-ligand solution toward the drying front during solution shearing to generate an amorphous thin-film, followed by: 2) immersion in amine solution for rapid directional crystal growth. The as-synthesized c-MOF film has transparency of up to 88.8% and conductivity as high as 37.1 S cm-1 . The high uniformity in conductivity is confirmed over a 3500 mm2 area with an arithmetic mean roughness (Ra ) of 4.78 nm. The flexible thin-film demonstrates the highest level of transparency for Ni3 (HITP)2 and the highest hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) sensing performance (2,085% at 5 ppm) among c-MOFs-based H2 S sensors, enabling wearable gas-sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taehoon Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Oh Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chungseong Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Membrane Innovation Center for Anti-Virus & Air-Quality Control, KAIST Institute for Nanocentury, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanul Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunmin Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ikjin Kim
- Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyun Ko
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Membrane Innovation Center for Anti-Virus & Air-Quality Control, KAIST Institute for Nanocentury, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyusoon Pak
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Siyoung Q Choi
- KAIST Institute for the NanoCentury, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Doo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Membrane Innovation Center for Anti-Virus & Air-Quality Control, KAIST Institute for Nanocentury, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Steve Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KI for Health Science and Technology, Saudi Aramco-KAIST CO 2 Management Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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29
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Al-Ghazzawi F, Conte L, Richardson C, Wagner P. Reactive Extrusion Printing for Simultaneous Crystallization‐Deposition of Metal‐Organic Frameworks Films. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatimah Al-Ghazzawi
- University of Wollongong Intelligent Polymer Research Institute Innovation CampusNorth Wollongong 2522 Wollongong AUSTRALIA
| | - Luke Conte
- University of Wollongong School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience Northfields Avenue 2522 Wollongong AUSTRALIA
| | - Christopher Richardson
- University of Wollongong Faculty of Science Medicine and Health School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience Northfields Avenue 2522 Wollongong AUSTRALIA
| | - Pawel Wagner
- University of Wollongong Intelligent Polymer Research Institute Innovation CampusNorth Wollongong 2522 Wollongong AUSTRALIA
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30
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Oh J, Yoon SM. Resistive Memory Devices Based on Reticular Materials for Electrical Information Storage. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:56777-56792. [PMID: 34842430 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c16332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Recently, reticular materials, such as metal-organic frameworks and covalent organic frameworks, have been proposed as an active insulating layer in resistive switching memory systems through their chemically tunable porous structure. A resistive random access memory (RRAM) cell, a digital memristor, is one of the most outstanding emergent memory devices that achieves high-density electrical information storage with variable electrical resistance states between two terminals. The overall design of the RRAM devices comprises an insulating layer sandwiched between two metal electrodes (metal/insulator/metal). RRAM devices with fast switching speeds and enhanced storage density have the potential to be manufactured with excellent scalability owing to their relatively simple device architecture. In this review, recent progress on the development of reticular material-based RRAM devices and the study of their operational mechanisms are reviewed, and new challenges and future perspectives related to reticular material-based RRAM are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongwon Oh
- Department of Chemistry, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
- Wonkwang Materials Institute of Science and Technology, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Min Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
- Wonkwang Materials Institute of Science and Technology, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
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31
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DNA and RhoB-functionalized metal–organic frameworks for the sensitive fluorescent detection of liquid alcohols. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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32
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Rao PC, Mani P, Son Y, Kim J, Yoon M. Organic guest molecule induced ultrafast breathing of an epitaxially grown metal-organic framework on a self-assembled monolayer. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:10158-10161. [PMID: 34505597 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03721h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report epitaxially grown new two-dimensional metal-organic framework (MOF) thin films on a self-assembled monolayer (SAM). We fabricated these epitaxial thin-films using stepwise layer-by-layer seeding followed by solvothermal treatment. The MOF thin films exhibit ultrafast structural flexibility (through breathing) compared to their bulk samples upon uptake of organic guest molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purna Chandra Rao
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Prabu Mani
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Younghu Son
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jiyun Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Minyoung Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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33
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Olorunyomi JF, Geh ST, Caruso RA, Doherty CM. Metal-organic frameworks for chemical sensing devices. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2021; 8:2387-2419. [PMID: 34870296 DOI: 10.1039/d1mh00609f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are exceptionally large surface area materials with organized porous cages that have been investigated for nearly three decades. Due to the flexibility in their design and predisposition toward functionalization, they have shown promise in many areas of application, including chemical sensing. Consequently, they are identified as advanced materials with potential for deployment in analytical devices for chemical and biochemical sensing applications, where high sensitivity is desirable, for example, in environmental monitoring and to advance personal diagnostics. To keep abreast of new research, which signposts the future directions in the development of MOF-based chemical sensors, this review examines studies since 2015 that focus on the applications of MOF films and devices in chemical sensing. Various examples that use MOF films in solid-state sensing applications were drawn from recent studies based on electronic, electrochemical, electromechanical and optical sensing methods. These examples underscore the readiness of MOFs to be integrated in optical and electronic analytical devices. Also, preliminary demonstrations of future sensors are indicated in the performances of MOF-based wearables and smartphone sensors. This review will inspire collaborative efforts between scientists and engineers working within the field of MOFs, leading to greater innovations and accelerating the development of MOF-based analytical devices for chemical and biochemical sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph F Olorunyomi
- Applied Chemistry and Environmental Science, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.
| | - Shu Teng Geh
- Applied Chemistry and Environmental Science, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.
| | - Rachel A Caruso
- Applied Chemistry and Environmental Science, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.
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Baumgartner B, Ikigaki K, Okada K, Takahashi M. Infrared crystallography for framework and linker orientation in metal-organic framework films. Chem Sci 2021; 12:9298-9308. [PMID: 34349899 PMCID: PMC8278957 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02370e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pore alignment and linker orientation influence diffusion and guest molecule interactions in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and play a pivotal role for successful utilization of MOFs. The crystallographic orientation and the degree of orientation of MOF films are generally determined using X-ray diffraction. However, diffraction methods reach their limit when it comes to very thin films, identification of chemical connectivity or the orientation of organic functional groups in MOFs. Cu-based 2D MOF and 3D MOF films prepared via layer-by-layer method and from aligned Cu(OH)2 substrates were studied with polarization-dependent Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy in transmission and attenuated total reflection configuration. Thereby, the degrees for in-plane and out-of-plane orientation, the aromatic linker orientation and the initial alignment during layer-by-layer MOF growth, which is impossible to investigate by laboratory XRD equipment, was determined. Experimental IR spectra correlate with theoretical explanations, paving the way to expand the principle of IR crystallography to oriented, organic-inorganic hybrid films beyond MOFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Baumgartner
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
| | - Ken Ikigaki
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
| | - Kenji Okada
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
- JST, PRESTO 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi Saitama 332-0012 Japan
| | - Masahide Takahashi
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
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Graniel O, Puigmartí-Luis J, Muñoz-Rojas D. Liquid atomic layer deposition as emergent technology for the fabrication of thin films. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:6373-6381. [PMID: 34002750 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00232e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is widely recognized as a unique chemical vapor deposition technique for the fabrication of thin films with high conformality and precise thickness control down to the Ångstrom level, thereby allowing surface and interface nanoengineering. However, several challenges such as the availability of chemical precursors for ALD and the use of vacuum conditions have hampered its widespread adoption and scalability for mass production. In recent years, the liquid phase homolog of ALD, liquid atomic layer deposition (LALD), has emerged as a much simpler and versatile strategy to overcome some of the current constraints of ALD. This perspective describes the different strategies that have been explored to achieve conformality and sub-nanometer thickness control with LALD, as well as the current challenges it faces to become a part of the thin-film community toolbox, in particular its automation and compatibility with different types of substrates. In this regard, the important role of LALD as complementary technology to ALD is emphasized by comparing the different pathways to deposit the same material and the precursors used to do so.
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Affiliation(s)
- Octavio Graniel
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LMGP, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Josep Puigmartí-Luis
- Departament de Ciència dels Materials i Química Física, Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional, 08028 Barcelona, Spain and ICREA, Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Muñoz-Rojas
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LMGP, 38000 Grenoble, France
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36
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Atomic layer deposition (ALD) assisting the visibility of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) technologies. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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