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Huang X, Gao X, Lin J, Yu C, Tang C, Huang Y. Boron nitride microfiber reinforced polyacrylic acid hydrogels with excellent self-adhesion, fast pH response, and strain sensitivity. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:4806-4815. [PMID: 38855884 DOI: 10.1039/d4sm00383g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogels are widely utilized in the sensor field, but their inadequate adhesion presents a significant obstacle. Herein, a new multifunctional BNMFs/PAA composite hydrogel was prepared via the incorporation of one-dimensional porous boron nitride microfibers (BNMFs) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) hydrogels. BNMFs, as a reinforcing filler, play a very important role in enhancing the properties of the composite hydrogels. In particular, the porous micrometer structure plays a unique role in improving the adhesion properties of PAA hydrogels. The steric hindrance and the rich hydroxyl functional groups coming from BNMFs are key factors for the excellent adhesion of the composite hydrogels. The composite hydrogels show strong adhesion to various substrate materials. For iron plates and biological tissues, the adhesion energy can reach 1377 J m-2 and 317 J m-2, respectively. In addition, the developed BNMFs/PAA composite hydrogels exhibit excellent mechanical properties. The fracture strain of the composite hydrogels is increased by 2.4 times compared to pure PAA hydrogels. The hydrogen bonds formed between BNMFs and PAA are conducive to the mechanical properties of the BNMFs/PAA composite hydrogels. Meanwhile, BNMFs as fillers play a role in carrying and dissipating force. Furthermore, the BNMFs/PAA composite hydrogels have excellent strain and pH response characteristics. This is because the crosslinking network of the composite hydrogels becomes loose after the addition of BNMFs, resulting in rapid ion transport pathways. Therefore, the developed BNMFs/PAA composite hydrogels will have broad application prospects in the fields of motion monitoring, intelligent skin and biological adhesives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xindi Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P. R. China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Boron Nitride Micro and Nano Materials, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P. R. China
| | - Xiangqian Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P. R. China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Boron Nitride Micro and Nano Materials, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P. R. China
| | - Jing Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P. R. China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Boron Nitride Micro and Nano Materials, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P. R. China
| | - Chao Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P. R. China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Boron Nitride Micro and Nano Materials, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P. R. China
| | - Chengchun Tang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P. R. China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Boron Nitride Micro and Nano Materials, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P. R. China
| | - Yang Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P. R. China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Boron Nitride Micro and Nano Materials, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P. R. China
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Dilenko H, Bartoň Tománková K, Válková L, Hošíková B, Kolaříková M, Malina L, Bajgar R, Kolářová H. Graphene-Based Photodynamic Therapy and Overcoming Cancer Resistance Mechanisms: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:5637-5680. [PMID: 38882538 PMCID: PMC11179671 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s461300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a non-invasive therapy that has made significant progress in treating different diseases, including cancer, by utilizing new nanotechnology products such as graphene and its derivatives. Graphene-based materials have large surface area and photothermal effects thereby making them suitable candidates for PDT or photo-active drug carriers. The remarkable photophysical properties of graphene derivates facilitate the efficient generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon light irradiation, which destroys cancer cells. Surface functionalization of graphene and its materials can also enhance their biocompatibility and anticancer activity. The paper delves into the distinct roles played by graphene-based materials in PDT such as photosensitizers (PS) and drug carriers while at the same time considers how these materials could be used to circumvent cancer resistance. This will provide readers with an extensive discussion of various pathways contributing to PDT inefficiency. Consequently, this comprehensive review underscores the vital roles that graphene and its derivatives may play in emerging PDT strategies for cancer treatment and other medical purposes. With a better comprehension of the current state of research and the existing challenges, the integration of graphene-based materials in PDT holds great promise for developing targeted, effective, and personalized cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Dilenko
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Bartoň Tománková
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Válková
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Hošíková
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Kolaříková
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Malina
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Bajgar
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Kolářová
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Li H, Chng CB, Zheng H, Wu MS, Bartolo PJDS, Qi HJ, Tan YJ, Zhou K. Self-Healable and 4D Printable Hydrogel for Stretchable Electronics. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305702. [PMID: 38263891 PMCID: PMC10987146 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Materials with high stretchability and conductivity are used to fabricate stretchable electronics. Self-healing capability and four-dimensional (4D) printability are becoming increasingly important for these materials to facilitate their recovery from damage and endow them with stimuli-response properties. However, it remains challenging to design a single material that combines these four strengths. Here, a dually crosslinked hydrogel is developed by combining a covalently crosslinked acrylic acid (AAC) network and Fe3+ ions through dynamic and reversible ionically crosslinked coordination. The remarkable electrical sensitivity (a gauge factor of 3.93 under a strain of 1500%), superior stretchability (a fracture strain up to 1700%), self-healing ability (a healing efficiency of 88% and 97% for the mechanical and electrical properties, respectively), and 4D printability of the hydrogel are demonstrated by constructing a strain sensor, a two-dimensional touch panel, and shape-morphing structures with water-responsive behavior. The hydrogel demonstrates vast potential for applications in stretchable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Li
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore639798Singapore
| | - Chin Boon Chng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Design and EngineeringNational University of Singapore9 Engineering DriveSingapore117575Singapore
| | - Han Zheng
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore639798Singapore
| | - Mao See Wu
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore639798Singapore
| | - Paulo Jorge Da Silva Bartolo
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore639798Singapore
| | - H. Jerry Qi
- School of Mechanical EngineeringGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30332USA
| | - Yu Jun Tan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Design and EngineeringNational University of Singapore9 Engineering DriveSingapore117575Singapore
- Centre for Additive ManufacturingNational University of SingaporeSingapore117602Singapore
| | - Kun Zhou
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore639798Singapore
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Chen S, Wu L, Wu Z, Liu Z, Qiu Z, Chi L. Highly efficient removal of Sr 2+ from aqueous solutions using a polyacrylic acid/crown-ether/graphene oxide hydrogel composite. RSC Adv 2024; 14:7825-7835. [PMID: 38444965 PMCID: PMC10913416 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08789a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
With the development of nuclear power, efficiently treating nuclear wastes generated during operation has attracted extensive attention. Hydrogels are common adsorbent materials in the treatment of wastewater due to their high swelling rate and easy post-treatment. In this work, a novel polyacrylic acid/crown-ether/graphene oxide (PAA/DB18C6/GO) hydrogel composite was synthesized by a radical cross-linking copolymerization method and characterized using various analytical tools such as SEM, FT-IR, TGA and XPS. The effects of time, pH, initial Sr2+ concentration, and temperature on Sr2+ adsorption onto the PAA/DB18C6/GO were studied. The PAA/DB18C6/GO shows a high adsorption capacity of 379.35 mg g-1 at an initial Sr2+ concentration of 772 mg L-1 due to the unique structure of dibenzo-18-crown-ether-6 and high swelling. The composite has a high selectivity for Sr2+ with a removal rate of 82.4% when concentrations of Na+ and K+ were 10 times higher than that of Sr2+. The pH and temperature have no apparent impact on adsorption performance of the PAA/DB18C6/GO under the experimental conditions. The composite shows excellent reusability with more than 92% removal rate for Sr2+ after five continuous cycles. In addition, the mechanism of Sr2+ adsorption by PAA/DB18C6/GO was analyzed by fitting the adsorption data to the theoretical models and XPS data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Chen
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University Fuzhou Fujian 350108 China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Fuel and Materials in Clean Nuclear Energy System, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, CAS Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Lina Wu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Fuel and Materials in Clean Nuclear Energy System, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, CAS Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Zhicheng Wu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Fuel and Materials in Clean Nuclear Energy System, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, CAS Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Zhikun Liu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Fuel and Materials in Clean Nuclear Energy System, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, CAS Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Zhihua Qiu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Fuel and Materials in Clean Nuclear Energy System, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, CAS Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Lisheng Chi
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Fuel and Materials in Clean Nuclear Energy System, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, CAS Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
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Christudoss AC, Dimkpa CO, Mukherjee A. Eco-corona formation diminishes the cytogenotoxicity of graphene oxide on Allium cepa: Role of soil extracted-extracellular polymeric substances in combating oxidative stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 204:108123. [PMID: 37935068 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) is widely acknowledged for its exceptional biological and industrial applications. However, its discharge into the environment negatively impacts the ecosystem. This study aimed to investigate the toxicity of GO in Allium cepa root tip cells and the role of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in modulating its toxic effects. To evaluate toxicity, various endpoints like cell viability using Evans blue dye, cytotoxicity (mitotic index), genotoxicity (chromosomal aberrations), and oxidative stress assessments (total ROS, superoxide, hydroxyl radical production, and lipid peroxidation) were considered. The results suggest that pristine GO caused a dose-dependent increase in various toxicity parameters, especially the genotoxic effects. Oxidative stress generation by GO is proposed to be the principal mode of action. The EPS-corona formed on GO could potentially counteract the toxic effects, substantially reducing the oxidative stress within the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christian O Dimkpa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, 123 Huntington Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, United States
| | - Amitava Mukherjee
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Shmidt NM, Shabunina EI, Gushchina EV, Petrov VN, Eliseyev IA, Lebedev SP, Priobrazhenskii SI, Tanklevskaya EM, Puzyk MV, Roenkov AD, Usikov AS, Lebedev AA. Quality Assessment of Processed Graphene Chips for Biosensor Application. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:5628. [PMID: 37629919 PMCID: PMC10456491 DOI: 10.3390/ma16165628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The quality of graphene intended for use in biosensors was assessed on manufactured chips using a set of methods including atomic force microscopy (AFM), Raman spectroscopy, and low-frequency noise investigation. It is shown that local areas of residues on the graphene surface, formed as a result of the interaction of graphene with a photoresist at the initial stage of chip development, led to a spread of chip resistance (R) in the range of 1-10 kOhm and to an increase in the root mean square (RMS) roughness up to 10 times, which can significantly worsen the reproducibility of the parameters of graphene chips for biosensor applications. It was observed that the control of the photoresist residues after photolithography (PLG) using AFM and subsequent additional cleaning reduced the spread of R values in chips to 1-1.6 kOhm and obtained an RMS roughness similar to the roughness in the graphene film before PLG. Monitoring of the spectral density of low-frequency voltage fluctuation (SU), which provides integral information about the system of defects and quality of the material, makes it possible to identify chips with low graphene quality and with inhomogeneously distributed areas of compressive stresses by the type of frequency dependence SU(f).
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia M. Shmidt
- Ioffe Institute, 26 Politekhnicheskaya, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.M.S.); (E.I.S.); (E.V.G.); (V.N.P.); (I.A.E.); (S.P.L.); (S.I.P.); (E.M.T.)
| | - Evgeniya I. Shabunina
- Ioffe Institute, 26 Politekhnicheskaya, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.M.S.); (E.I.S.); (E.V.G.); (V.N.P.); (I.A.E.); (S.P.L.); (S.I.P.); (E.M.T.)
| | - Ekaterina V. Gushchina
- Ioffe Institute, 26 Politekhnicheskaya, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.M.S.); (E.I.S.); (E.V.G.); (V.N.P.); (I.A.E.); (S.P.L.); (S.I.P.); (E.M.T.)
| | - Vasiliy N. Petrov
- Ioffe Institute, 26 Politekhnicheskaya, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.M.S.); (E.I.S.); (E.V.G.); (V.N.P.); (I.A.E.); (S.P.L.); (S.I.P.); (E.M.T.)
| | - Ilya A. Eliseyev
- Ioffe Institute, 26 Politekhnicheskaya, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.M.S.); (E.I.S.); (E.V.G.); (V.N.P.); (I.A.E.); (S.P.L.); (S.I.P.); (E.M.T.)
| | - Sergey P. Lebedev
- Ioffe Institute, 26 Politekhnicheskaya, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.M.S.); (E.I.S.); (E.V.G.); (V.N.P.); (I.A.E.); (S.P.L.); (S.I.P.); (E.M.T.)
| | - Sergei Iu. Priobrazhenskii
- Ioffe Institute, 26 Politekhnicheskaya, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.M.S.); (E.I.S.); (E.V.G.); (V.N.P.); (I.A.E.); (S.P.L.); (S.I.P.); (E.M.T.)
| | - Elena M. Tanklevskaya
- Ioffe Institute, 26 Politekhnicheskaya, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.M.S.); (E.I.S.); (E.V.G.); (V.N.P.); (I.A.E.); (S.P.L.); (S.I.P.); (E.M.T.)
| | - Mikhail V. Puzyk
- Faculty of Chemistry, Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, 191186 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | | | | | - Alexander A. Lebedev
- Ioffe Institute, 26 Politekhnicheskaya, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.M.S.); (E.I.S.); (E.V.G.); (V.N.P.); (I.A.E.); (S.P.L.); (S.I.P.); (E.M.T.)
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Xiao Y, Pang YX, Yan Y, Qian P, Zhao H, Manickam S, Wu T, Pang CH. Synthesis and Functionalization of Graphene Materials for Biomedical Applications: Recent Advances, Challenges, and Perspectives. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2205292. [PMID: 36658693 PMCID: PMC10037997 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Since its discovery in 2004, graphene is increasingly applied in various fields owing to its unique properties. Graphene application in the biomedical domain is promising and intriguing as an emerging 2D material with a high surface area, good mechanical properties, and unrivalled electronic and physical properties. This review summarizes six typical synthesis methods to fabricate pristine graphene (p-G), graphene oxide (GO), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), followed by characterization techniques to examine the obtained graphene materials. As bare graphene is generally undesirable in vivo and in vitro, functionalization methods to reduce toxicity, increase biocompatibility, and provide more functionalities are demonstrated. Subsequently, in vivo and in vitro behaviors of various bare and functionalized graphene materials are discussed to evaluate the functionalization effects. Reasonable control of dose (<20 mg kg-1 ), sizes (50-1000 nm), and functionalization methods for in vivo application are advantageous. Then, the key biomedical applications based on graphene materials are discussed, coupled with the current challenges and outlooks of this growing field. In a broader sense, this review provides a comprehensive discussion on the synthesis, characterization, functionalization, evaluation, and application of p-G, GO, and rGO in the biomedical field, highlighting their recent advances and potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Xiao
- Department of Chemical and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo315100P. R. China
- New Materials InstituteUniversity of NottinghamNingbo315100P. R. China
- Materials Interfaces CenterShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong518055P. R. China
| | - Yoong Xin Pang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo315100P. R. China
- New Materials InstituteUniversity of NottinghamNingbo315100P. R. China
| | - Yuxin Yan
- College of Energy EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310027P. R. China
| | - Ping Qian
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome EngineeringBeijing100083P. R. China
- School of Mathematics and PhysicsUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083P. R. China
| | - Haitao Zhao
- Materials Interfaces CenterShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong518055P. R. China
| | - Sivakumar Manickam
- Petroleum and Chemical EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi BruneiBandar Seri BegawanBE1410Brunei Darussalam
| | - Tao Wu
- New Materials InstituteUniversity of NottinghamNingbo315100P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for Carbonaceous Wastes Processing and ProcessIntensification Research of Zhejiang ProvinceUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo315100P. R. China
| | - Cheng Heng Pang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo315100P. R. China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Conversion TechnologiesUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo315100P. R. China
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Song Z, Liu X, Ding J, Liu J, Han X, Deng Y, Zhong C, Hu W. Poly(acrylic acid)-Based Composite Gel Polymer Electrolytes with High Mechanical Strength and Ionic Conductivity toward Flexible Zinc-Air Batteries with Long Cycling Lifetime. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:49801-49810. [PMID: 36300883 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c14470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The rapid development of portable, flexible, and wearable devices motivates the requirement for flexible zinc-air batteries (FZABs) not only to provide high energy density but also to have sufficient deformability for wearer comfort. The gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) serves as the core part of the FZABs, playing a key function in the battery's practical output performance such as discharge voltage, energy density, and cycling life. Unfortunately, ascribed to its high water absorption, the GPE regularly shows comparatively poor mechanical strength, which is difficult to offer sufficient physical support between electrodes. Herein, we report an optimized poly(acrylic acid) (PAA)-based composite GPE with the aluminum oxide (Al2O3) filler and apply it for FZAB. The mechanical strength, electrolyte absorption capacity, electrolyte retention ability, and ionic conductivity of the PAA-Al2O3 gel polymers and corresponding GPEs were investigated. The results indicate that the above performances of polymers and corresponding GPEs depend to a considerable extent on the content of the addition of Al2O3 particles. When 20 wt.% Al2O3 is added to the PAA polymer, the obtained PAA-20 wt.% Al2O3 gel polymer exhibits improved mechanical strength. The corresponding PAA-20 wt.% Al2O3 GPE shows a high ionic conductivity of 186 mS cm-1 and pleasurable electrolyte retention capability. This optimized GPE enables the assembled FZAB to display a long cycling lifetime of 384 h, a large power density of 77.7 mW cm-2, and excellent discharge performance. Moreover, the integrated FZAB can power various electronic devices, demonstrating its outstanding practicability and extensibility as a flexible power source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhishuang Song
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin300072, China
| | - Xiaorui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin300072, China
| | - Jia Ding
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin300072, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin300072, China
| | - Xiaopeng Han
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin300072, China
| | - Yida Deng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin300072, China
| | - Cheng Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin300072, China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou350207, China
| | - Wenbin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin300072, China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou350207, China
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Self-Healing Hydrogels: Development, Biomedical Applications, and Challenges. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14214539. [PMID: 36365532 PMCID: PMC9654449 DOI: 10.3390/polym14214539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymeric hydrogels have drawn considerable attention as a biomedical material for their unique mechanical and chemical properties, which are very similar to natural tissues. Among the conventional hydrogel materials, self-healing hydrogels (SHH) are showing their promise in biomedical applications in tissue engineering, wound healing, and drug delivery. Additionally, their responses can be controlled via external stimuli (e.g., pH, temperature, pressure, or radiation). Identifying a suitable combination of viscous and elastic materials, lipophilicity and biocompatibility are crucial challenges in the development of SHH. Furthermore, the trade-off relation between the healing performance and the mechanical toughness also limits their real-time applications. Additionally, short-term and long-term effects of many SHH in the in vivo model are yet to be reported. This review will discuss the mechanism of various SHH, their recent advancements, and their challenges in tissue engineering, wound healing, and drug delivery.
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γ-Irradiation crosslinking of graphene oxide/cellulose nanofiber/poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel as a urea sensing patch. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 213:1037-1046. [PMID: 35714553 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Poly (acrylic acid) (PAA) nanocomposite hydrogel was fabricated as a sensing patch for non-invasive dual detection of urea in sweat. The hydrogel was prepared by γ-irradiation crosslinking of PAA solution incorporated with graphene oxide (GO) and cellulose nanofiber (CNF). With high water-sorption capacity and transparency, the hydrogel was suitable to accommodate coloring reagents and enzymes for colorimetric sensing of urea in sweat. The colorimetric sensor exhibited vivid color change towards the increase of urea concentration in a linear range of 40-80 mM covering a cut-off value (60 mM) for chronic kidney disease (CKD) indication. Furthermore, the hydrogel could be directly applied as a substrate for direct quantitation of urea in sweat by laser desorption ionization mass spectroscopy (LDI-MS). While CNF improved the mechanical properties of the hydrogel, GO played a key role in enhancing laser desorption ionization of urea in LDI-MS and increased the hydrogel functionalities. LDI-MS verified that GO/CNF/PAA hydrogel could act as a direct matrix for promoting urea ionization and these results corresponded well with the colorimetric sensor. Hence, this hydrogel patch might be a potential material to be applied in non-invasive and dual-detection of CKD in medical diagnosis.
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Mekawy ZA, Moussa SI, Mousa AM, Dakroury GA, Allan KF. Sorption of 60Co(II) from aqueous solutions onto biosynthesized zinc oxide nanocomposites. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08292-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AbstractNano ZnO is biosynthesized using Lactobcillus sp. Poly Acrylic acid-co-Acrylonitrile/ZnO, PAACAN/ZnO, and poly Acrylic acid-co-Maleic acid/ZnO, PAACMA/ZnO, nancomposites were synthesized using 60Co γ-rays. PAACAN/ZnO and PAACMA/ZnO nanocomposites were characterized and used as sorbents for 60Co(II) radionuclide. The monolayer adsorption capacities of 60Co(II) onto PAACMA/ZnO and PAACAN/ZnO are 18.235, 7.105 mgg−1, respectively at pH 4.5 and 20 °C. The sorption reaction has a pseudo 2nd order mechanism. 0.1 M EDTA could be used as an eluent for desorption. The desorption efficiencies of 60Co(II) from PAACAN/ZnO and PAACMA/ZnO were 67.51 and 84.85%, respectively. The sorption process is endothermic and spontaneous.
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12
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Rumon MMH, Sarkar SD, Uddin MM, Alam MM, Karobi SN, Ayfar A, Azam MS, Roy CK. Graphene oxide based crosslinker for simultaneous enhancement of mechanical toughness and self-healing capability of conventional hydrogels. RSC Adv 2022; 12:7453-7463. [PMID: 35424695 PMCID: PMC8982252 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00122e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Extraordinary self-healing efficiency is rarely observed in mechanically strong hydrogels, which often limits the applications of hydrogels in biomedical engineering. We have presented an approach to utilize a special type of graphene oxide-based crosslinker (GOBC) for the simultaneous improvement of toughness and self-healing properties of conventional hydrogels. The GOBC has been prepared from graphene oxide (GO) by surface oxidation and further introduction of vinyl groups. It has been designed in such a way that the crosslinker is able to form both covalent bonds and noncovalent interactions with the polymer chains of hydrogels. To demonstrate the efficacy of GOBC, it was incorporated in a conventional polyacrylamide (PAM) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) hydrogel matrix, and the mechanical and self-healing properties of the prepared hydrogels were investigated. In PAM-GOBC hydrogels, it has been observed that the mechanical properties such as tensile strength, Young's modulus, and toughness are significantly improved by the incorporation of GOBC without compromising the self-healing efficiency. The PAM-GOBC hydrogel with a modulus of about 0.446 MPa exhibited about 70% stress healing efficiency after 40 h. Whereas, under the same conditions a PAM hydrogel with commonly used crosslinker N,N′-methylene-bis(acrylamide) of approximately the same modulus demonstrated no self-healing at all. Similar improvement of self-healing properties and toughness in PAA-GOBC hydrogel has also been observed which demonstrated the universality of the crosslinker. This crosslinker-based approach to improve the self-healing properties is expected to offer the possibility of the application of commonly used hydrogels in many different sectors, particularly in developing artificial tissues. Introduction of a two-dimensional graphene oxide-based crosslinker simultaneously improve the mechanical and self-healing properties of hydrogels by offering an interesting combination of covalent and reversible hydrogen bonds to polymer backbones.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephen Don Sarkar
- Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) Dhaka-1000 Bangladesh
| | - Md Mosfeq Uddin
- Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) Dhaka-1000 Bangladesh
| | - Md Mahbub Alam
- Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) Dhaka-1000 Bangladesh
| | | | - Aruna Ayfar
- Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) Dhaka-1000 Bangladesh
| | - Md Shafiul Azam
- Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) Dhaka-1000 Bangladesh
| | - Chanchal Kumar Roy
- Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) Dhaka-1000 Bangladesh
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13
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Kongcharoen H, Coester B, Yu F, Aziz I, Poh WC, Tan MWM, Tonanon P, Ciou JH, Chan B, Webster RD, Lew WS, Lee PS. Magnetically Directed Co-nanoinitiators for Cross-Linking Adhesives and Enhancing Mechanical Properties. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:57851-57863. [PMID: 34843200 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c08040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Magnetically directed localized polymerization is of immense interest for its extensive impacts and applications in numerous fields. The use of means untethered from an external magnetic field to localize initiation of polymerization to develop a curing system is a novel concept, with a sustainable, efficient, and eco-friendly approach and a wide range of potential in both science and engineering. However, the conventional means for the initiation of polymerization cannot define the desirable location of polymerization, which is often exacerbated by the poor temporal control in the curing system. Herein, the copper-immobilized dendrimer-based magnetic iron oxide silica (MNPs-G2@Cu2+) co-nanoinitiators are rationally designed as initiators for redox radical polymerization. The nanoinitiators are magnetically responsive and therefore enable localized polymerization using an external magnetic field. In this work, anaerobic polymerization of an adhesive composed of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, tert-butyl peroxybenzoate, and MNPs-G2@Cu2+ as the magnetic co-nanoinitiators has been investigated. The use of a magnet locates and promotes redox free radical polymerization through the synergistic functions between peroxide and MNPs-G2@Cu2+ co-nanoinitiators. The mechanical properties of the resulting polymer are considerably reinforced because the MNPs-G2@Cu2+ co-nanoinitiators concurrently play another crucial role as nanofillers. This strategy provides a novel approach for magnetically tunable localized polymerization, which allows new opportunities to govern the formulation of advanced adhesives through polymerization under hazard-free conditions for various promising applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruethai Kongcharoen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
| | - Birte Coester
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
| | - Fei Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
| | - Izzat Aziz
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
| | - Wei Church Poh
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
| | - Matthew Wei Ming Tan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
| | - Panyawut Tonanon
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
| | - Jing-Hao Ciou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
| | - Benjamin Chan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
| | - Richard D Webster
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
| | - Wen Siang Lew
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
| | - Pooi See Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
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14
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Review on MXenes-based nanomaterials for sustainable opportunities in energy storage, sensing and electrocatalytic reactions. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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15
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Wu R, Jiang Z, Cao Z, Yuan Z, Zhang Y, Guo L, Yuan F, Wu J, Zheng J. Preparation of High-Performance Composite Hydrogel Reinforced by Hydrophilic Modified Waste Rubber Powder. Molecules 2021; 26:4788. [PMID: 34443376 PMCID: PMC8401038 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to reduce the environmental pollution caused by waste rubber and to realize the recycling of resources, we proposed a facile method for the hydrophilic modification of waste rubber powder (HRP) and used it to reinforce a composite hydrogel. In the presence of toluene, dibenzoyl peroxide (BPO) diffused into the waste rubber powder. After the solvent was removed, BPO was adsorbed in the rubber powder, which was used to initiate the grafting polymerization of the acrylamide monomer on the rubber-water interface. As a result, the polyacrylamide (PAM) molecular chains were grafted onto the surface of the rubber powder to realize hydrophilic modification. The success of the grafting modification was confirmed by FTIR, contact angle testing, and thermogravimetric analysis. The hydrophilic modified waste rubber powder was used to reinforce the PAM hydrogel. Mechanical tests showed that the tensile strength and elongation at the break of the composite hydrogel reached 0.46 MPa and 1809%, respectively, which was much higher than those of pure PAM hydrogel. Such a phenomenon indicates that the waste rubber particles had a strengthening effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (R.W.); (Z.C.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Zuming Jiang
- Exploration and Development Research Institute, Shengli Oilfield Company, SINOPEC, Dongying 257015, China; (Z.J.); (L.G.); (F.Y.)
| | - Zhenxing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (R.W.); (Z.C.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Zhaoyang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (R.W.); (Z.C.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Yao Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Naturel Rubber Processing, Agricultural Products Processing Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524001, China;
| | - Lanlei Guo
- Exploration and Development Research Institute, Shengli Oilfield Company, SINOPEC, Dongying 257015, China; (Z.J.); (L.G.); (F.Y.)
| | - Fuqing Yuan
- Exploration and Development Research Institute, Shengli Oilfield Company, SINOPEC, Dongying 257015, China; (Z.J.); (L.G.); (F.Y.)
| | - Jinrong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (R.W.); (Z.C.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Jing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (R.W.); (Z.C.); (Z.Y.)
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Sujan MI, Sarkar SD, Roy CK, Ferdous M, Goswami A, Gafur MA, Azam MS. Graphene oxide crosslinker for the enhancement of mechanical properties of polylactic acid. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Majharul Islam Sujan
- Department of Chemistry Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Stephen Don Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Chanchal Kumar Roy
- Department of Chemistry Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Ferdous
- Department of Chemistry Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Ankur Goswami
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Delhi India
| | - Md Abdul Gafur
- Pilot Plant and Process Development Center (PP&DC) Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Md Shafiul Azam
- Department of Chemistry Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) Dhaka Bangladesh
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Liu Y, Lyu Y, Hu Y, An J, Chen R, Chen M, Du J, Hou C. Novel Graphene Oxide Nanohybrid Doped Methacrylic Acid Hydrogels for Enhanced Swelling Capability and Cationic Adsorbability. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1112. [PMID: 33915840 PMCID: PMC8037351 DOI: 10.3390/polym13071112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel versatile hydrogels were designed and composited based on covalent bond and noncovalent bond self-assembly of poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) networks and nanohybrids doped with graphene oxide (GO). The structures and properties of the neat PMAA and the prepared PMAA/GO hydrogels were characterized and analyzed in detail, using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, swelling and cationic absorption, etc. The swelling results showed that the water penetration follows the non-Fick transport mechanism based on swelling kinetics and diffusion theory. The swelling capacity of PMAA and composited PMAA/GO hydrogels toward pH, Na+, Ga2+, and Fe3+ was investigated; the swelling ratio was tunable between 4.44 and 36.44. Taking methylene blue as an example, the adsorption capacity of PMAA/GO hydrogels was studied. Nanohybrid doped GO not only self-associated with PMAA via noncovalent bonding interactions and had a tunable swelling ratio, but also interacted with water molecules via electrostatic repulsion, offering a pH response of both the network and dye absorption. Increases in pH caused a rise in equilibrium swelling ratios and reduced the cumulative cationic dye removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.H.); (J.A.); (R.C.); (M.C.); (J.D.)
- Centre for Intelligent Sensing Technology, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Centre for Nano Health, College of Science, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Ying Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.H.); (J.A.); (R.C.); (M.C.); (J.D.)
| | - Yongqin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.H.); (J.A.); (R.C.); (M.C.); (J.D.)
- Centre for Intelligent Sensing Technology, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Jia An
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.H.); (J.A.); (R.C.); (M.C.); (J.D.)
- Centre for Intelligent Sensing Technology, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Rubing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.H.); (J.A.); (R.C.); (M.C.); (J.D.)
| | - Meizhu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.H.); (J.A.); (R.C.); (M.C.); (J.D.)
| | - Jihe Du
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.H.); (J.A.); (R.C.); (M.C.); (J.D.)
| | - Chen Hou
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.H.); (J.A.); (R.C.); (M.C.); (J.D.)
- Centre for Intelligent Sensing Technology, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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18
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Covalent attachment of 2D graphene oxide (GO) sheets with poly allylamine (PAA) for enhanced mechanical performance: Theoretical and experimental study. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.123195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Lorca S, Santos F, Fernández Romero AJ. A Review of the Use of GPEs in Zinc-Based Batteries. A Step Closer to Wearable Electronic Gadgets and Smart Textiles. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2812. [PMID: 33260984 PMCID: PMC7761133 DOI: 10.3390/polym12122812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
With the flourish of flexible and wearable electronics gadgets, the need for flexible power sources has become essential. The growth of this increasingly diverse range of devices boosted the necessity to develop materials for such flexible power sources such as secondary batteries, fuel cells, supercapacitors, sensors, dye-sensitized solar cells, etc. In that context, comprehensives studies on flexible conversion and energy storage devices have been released for other technologies such Li-ion standing out the importance of the research done lately in GPEs (gel polymer electrolytes) for energy conversion and storage. However, flexible zinc batteries have not received the attention they deserve within the flexible batteries field, which are destined to be one of the high rank players in the wearable devices future market. This review presents an extensive overview of the most notable or prominent gel polymeric materials, including biobased polymers, and zinc chemistries as well as its practical or functional implementation in flexible wearable devices. The ultimate aim is to highlight zinc-based batteries as power sources to fill a segment of the world flexible batteries future market.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Florencio Santos
- Grupo de Materiales Avanzados para la Producción y Almacenamiento de Energía (MAPA), Campus de Alfonso XIII, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Cartagena, 30203 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Antonio J. Fernández Romero
- Grupo de Materiales Avanzados para la Producción y Almacenamiento de Energía (MAPA), Campus de Alfonso XIII, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Cartagena, 30203 Murcia, Spain;
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