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Sabetkish S, Currie P, Meagher L. Recent trends in 3D bioprinting technology for skeletal muscle regeneration. Acta Biomater 2024; 181:46-66. [PMID: 38697381 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a pro-regenerative tissue, that utilizes a tissue-resident stem cell system to effect repair upon injury. Despite the demonstrated efficiency of this system in restoring muscle mass after many acute injuries, in conditions of severe trauma such as those evident in volumetric muscle loss (VML) (>20 % by mass), this self-repair capability is unable to restore tissue architecture, requiring interventions which currently are largely surgical. As a possible alternative, the generation of artificial muscle using tissue engineering approaches may also be of importance in the treatment of VML and muscle diseases such as dystrophies. Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has been identified as a promising technique for regeneration of the complex architecture of skeletal muscle. This review discusses existing treatment strategies following muscle damage, recent progress in bioprinting techniques, the bioinks used for muscle regeneration, the immunogenicity of scaffold materials, and in vitro and in vivo maturation techniques for 3D bio-printed muscle constructs. The pros and cons of these bioink formulations are also highlighted. Finally, we present the current limitations and challenges in the field and critical factors to consider for bioprinting approaches to become more translationa and to produce clinically relevant engineered muscle. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This review discusses the physiopathology of muscle injuries and existing clinical treatment strategies for muscle damage, the types of bioprinting techniques that have been applied to bioprinting of muscle, and the bioinks commonly used for muscle regeneration. The pros and cons of these bioinks are highlighted. We present a discussion of existing gaps in the literature and critical factors to consider for the translation of bioprinting approaches and to produce clinically relevant engineered muscle. Finally, we provide insights into what we believe will be the next steps required before the realization of the application of tissue-engineered muscle in humans. We believe this manuscript is an insightful, timely, and instructive review that will guide future muscle bioprinting research from a fundamental construct creation approach, down a translational pathway to achieve the desired impact in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Sabetkish
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; ARC Training Centre for Cell and Tissue Engineering Technologies, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Peter Currie
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; ARC Training Centre for Cell and Tissue Engineering Technologies, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Laurence Meagher
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; ARC Training Centre for Cell and Tissue Engineering Technologies, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
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2
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Sreepadmanabh M, Arun AB, Bhattacharjee T. Design approaches for 3D cell culture and 3D bioprinting platforms. BIOPHYSICS REVIEWS 2024; 5:021304. [PMID: 38765221 PMCID: PMC11101206 DOI: 10.1063/5.0188268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
The natural habitat of most cells consists of complex and disordered 3D microenvironments with spatiotemporally dynamic material properties. However, prevalent methods of in vitro culture study cells under poorly biomimetic 2D confinement or homogeneous conditions that often neglect critical topographical cues and mechanical stimuli. It has also become increasingly apparent that cells in a 3D conformation exhibit dramatically altered morphological and phenotypical states. In response, efforts toward designing biomaterial platforms for 3D cell culture have taken centerstage over the past few decades. Herein, we present a broad overview of biomaterials for 3D cell culture and 3D bioprinting, spanning both monolithic and granular systems. We first critically evaluate conventional monolithic hydrogel networks, with an emphasis on specific experimental requirements. Building on this, we document the recent emergence of microgel-based 3D growth media as a promising biomaterial platform enabling interrogation of cells within porous and granular scaffolds. We also explore how jammed microgel systems have been leveraged to spatially design and manipulate cellular structures using 3D bioprinting. The advent of these techniques heralds an unprecedented ability to experimentally model complex physiological niches, with important implications for tissue bioengineering and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sreepadmanabh
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bangalore 560065, Karnataka, India
| | - Ashitha B. Arun
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bangalore 560065, Karnataka, India
| | - Tapomoy Bhattacharjee
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bangalore 560065, Karnataka, India
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3
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Bastos AR, da Silva LP, Maia FR, Franco A, Noro J, Silva C, Oliveira JM, Reis RL, Correlo VM. Hydroxyapatite/alginate/gellan gum inks with osteoconduction and osteogenic potential for bioprinting bone tissue analogues. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 271:132611. [PMID: 38797304 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
There is a growing demand for engineered bone tissues custom-designed to match the patient-specific defect size and in vitro models for studying bone diseases and/or drug screening. Herein, we propose a bioprinted bone tissue construct using SaOs-2 cells within alginate/gellan gum/hydroxyapatite inks. Different ink formulations were developed with varying hydroxyapatite content and then evaluated for viscoelasticity, printability, biomineralization properties, post-printing viability, proliferation, metabolic activity, and osteogenic phenotype of SaOs-2-encapsulated cells. Results indicate that ink formulations exhibit non-Newtonian shear-thinning behaviour, maintaining shape integrity and structural stability post-printing. Ink mineralization rates increase with the hydroxyapatite content, rendering them suitable for bone defect strategies. Post-printed cells in the developed constructs remain live, spreading, and metabolically active but do not proliferate. Osteogenic gene and protein expression, both early and late, show upregulation at day 7 relative to day 1, followed by downregulation at day 14. Lower hydroxyapatite content inks demonstrate up to fourfold upregulation in genes and proteins at most time points. Additionally, these constructs release calcium and phosphate at levels conducive to mineralization. Overall, the tissue-engineered miniaturized constructs not only meet the criteria for early-stage bone defect/fracture regeneration but also serve as a promising platform for drug screening and evaluating potential therapeutic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Raquel Bastos
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associated Laboratory, Portugal
| | - Lucília P da Silva
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associated Laboratory, Portugal.
| | - F Raquel Maia
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associated Laboratory, Portugal
| | - Albina Franco
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associated Laboratory, Portugal
| | - Jennifer Noro
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associated Laboratory, Portugal
| | - Carla Silva
- Center of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - J Miguel Oliveira
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associated Laboratory, Portugal
| | - Rui Luís Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associated Laboratory, Portugal
| | - Vitor Manuel Correlo
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associated Laboratory, Portugal.
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Diogo GS, Pirraco RP, Reis RL, Silva TH. From Its Nature to Its Function: Marine-Collagen-Based-Biomaterials for Hard Tissue Applications. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2024; 30:299-314. [PMID: 37776181 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2023.0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Impact statement This review discusses the research done using marine collagens (MCs) on biomaterials for bone, cartilage, and osteochondral tissue regenerative applications with the underlying technologies that enable their development, and explains the methodologies used to characterize MCs highlighting their importance, namely regarding the performance of derived biomaterials, and the inherent properties of such collagens. In the second part, the applicability of MCs as biomaterials for hard tissue applications was studied, focusing on the mostly applied fabrication techniques. In conclusion, this review describes the major challenges to be overcome and the forecast for the upcoming years concerning the use of MCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela S Diogo
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Barco, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
| | - Rogério P Pirraco
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Barco, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Barco, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
| | - Tiago H Silva
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Barco, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
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5
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Lan X, Ma Z, Dimitrov A, Kunze M, Mulet-Sierra A, Ansari K, Osswald M, Seikaly H, Boluk Y, Adesida AB. Double crosslinked hyaluronic acid and collagen as a potential bioink for cartilage tissue engineering. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:132819. [PMID: 38830498 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
The avascular nature of hyaline cartilage results in limited spontaneous self-repair and regenerative capabilities when damaged. Recent advances in three-dimensional bioprinting have enabled the precise dispensing of cell-laden biomaterials, commonly referred to as 'bioinks', which are emerging as promising solutions for tissue regeneration. An effective bioink for cartilage tissue engineering needs to create a micro-environment that promotes cell differentiation and supports neocartilage tissue formation. In this study, we introduced an innovative bioink composed of photocurable acrylated type I collagen (COLMA), thiol-modified hyaluronic acid (THA), and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) for 3D bioprinting cartilage grafts using human nasal chondrocytes. Both collagen and hyaluronic acid, being key components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the human body, provide essential biological cues for tissue regeneration. We evaluated three formulations - COLMA, COLMA+THA, and COLMA+THA+PEGDA - for their printability, cell viability, structural integrity, and capabilities in forming cartilage-like ECM. The addition of THA and PEGDA significantly enhanced these properties, showcasing the potential of this bioink in advancing applications in cartilage repair and reconstructive surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Lan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Surgery, Divisions of Orthopedic Surgery & Surgical Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Zhiyao Ma
- Department of Surgery, Divisions of Orthopedic Surgery & Surgical Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Andrea Dimitrov
- Department of Surgery, Divisions of Orthopedic Surgery & Surgical Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Melanie Kunze
- Department of Surgery, Divisions of Orthopedic Surgery & Surgical Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Aillette Mulet-Sierra
- Department of Surgery, Divisions of Orthopedic Surgery & Surgical Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Khalid Ansari
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Martin Osswald
- Institute for Reconstructive Sciences in Medicine (iRSM), Misericordia Community Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Hadi Seikaly
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yaman Boluk
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Adetola B Adesida
- Department of Surgery, Divisions of Orthopedic Surgery & Surgical Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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6
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Ege D, Boccaccini AR. Investigating the Effect of Processing and Material Parameters of Alginate Dialdehyde-Gelatin (ADA-GEL)-Based Hydrogels on Stiffness by XGB Machine Learning Model. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:415. [PMID: 38790283 PMCID: PMC11117982 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11050415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
To address the limitations of alginate and gelatin as separate hydrogels, partially oxidized alginate, alginate dialdehyde (ADA), is usually combined with gelatin to prepare ADA-GEL hydrogels. These hydrogels offer tunable properties, controllable degradation, and suitable stiffness for 3D bioprinting and tissue engineering applications. Several processing variables affect the final properties of the hydrogel, including degree of oxidation, gelatin content and type of crosslinking agent. In addition, in 3D-printed structures, pore size and the possible addition of a filler to make a hydrogel composite also affect the final physical and biological properties. This study utilized datasets from 13 research papers, encompassing 33 unique combinations of ADA concentration, gelatin concentration, CaCl2 and microbial transglutaminase (mTG) concentrations (as crosslinkers), pore size, bioactive glass (BG) filler content, and one identified target property of the hydrogels, stiffness, utilizing the Extreme Boost (XGB) machine learning algorithm to create a predictive model for understanding the combined influence of these parameters on hydrogel stiffness. The stiffness of ADA-GEL hydrogels is notably affected by the ADA to GEL ratio, and higher gelatin content for different ADA gel concentrations weakens the scaffold, likely due to the presence of unbound gelatin. Pore size and the inclusion of a BG particulate filler also have a significant impact on stiffness; smaller pore sizes and higher BG content lead to increased stiffness. The optimization of ADA-GEL composition and the inclusion of BG fillers are key determinants to tailor the stiffness of these 3D printed hydrogels, as found by the analysis of the available data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Ege
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany;
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bogazici University, Rasathane St., Kandilli, 34684 İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Aldo R. Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany;
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7
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Wang Y, Bimmermann AM, Neufurth M, Besenius P. Cucurbit[8]uril Mediated Supramolecular and Photocrosslinked Interpenetrating Network Hydrogel Matrices for 3D-Bioprinting. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2313270. [PMID: 38538535 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202313270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Printing of biologically functional constructs is significant for applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Designing bioinks remains remarkably challenging due to the multifaceted requirements in terms of the physical, chemical, and biochemical properties of the three-dimensional matrix, such as cytocompatibility, printability, and shape fidelity. In order to promote matrix and materials stiffness, while not sacrificing stress relaxation mechanisms which support cell spreading, migration, and differentiation, this work reports an interpenetrating network (IPN) bioink design. The approach makes use of a chemically defined network, combining physical and chemical crosslinking units with a tunable composition and network density, as well as spatiotemporal control over post-assembly material stiffening. To this end, star-shaped poly(ethylene glycol)s functionalized with Phe-Gly-Gly tripeptide or photoactive stilbazolium are synthesized, and used to prepare three-dimensional networks with cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) through supramolecular host-guest complexation. The hydrogel obtained shows fast relaxation and thus supports the proliferation and differentiation of cells. Upon irradiation, the mechanical properties of the hydrogel can be rapidly adapted via selective photochemical dimerization of stilbazolium within CB[8], leading to IPNs with increased form stability while retaining the dynamic nature of the hydrogels. This modular approach opens new design opportunities for extrudable and cell-friendly dynamic biomaterials for applications in 3D-bioprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Meik Neufurth
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Pol Besenius
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
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8
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Ajisafe VA, Raichur AM. Snail Mucus-Enhanced Adhesion of Human Chondrocytes on 3D Porous Agarose Scaffolds. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:11324-11335. [PMID: 38406881 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c19557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
This study reports the preparation of a novel porous 3D scaffold from agarose-snail mucus (AGSMu) for cartilage tissue repair applications. AG is reported for its unique thermal and mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and biodegradability, making it suitable for biomedical applications. Still, it lacks the cell adhesion properties required for tissue engineering applications. SMu is a complex substance identified to contain glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and other bioactive molecules that promote wound healing and reduce cartilage deterioration and inflammation. Hence, porous 3D blend scaffolds containing AG and SMu were prepared by the freeze-drying method, characterized, and investigated for bioactive effects on human chondrocyte (C28/I2) cells. The scaffolds had a microporous structure with an average pore size of 245 μm. FTIR spectroscopy showed that SMu was successfully incorporated into the scaffolds. The SMu increased the mechanical strength of the composite scaffolds by more than 80% compared to the pristine AG scaffold. The scaffolds were found to be biocompatible with tunable degradation. The human chondrocyte cells attached and proliferated well on the 3D scaffolds in a few days, demonstrating a marked improvement in adhesion due to the presence of SMu. Enhanced cell adhesion and mechanical properties of 3D porous AG scaffolds could make them suitable for articular cartilage repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor A Ajisafe
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Ashok M Raichur
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560012, India
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9
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Smith BT, Hashmi SM. In situ polymer gelation in confined flow controls intermittent dynamics. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:1858-1868. [PMID: 38315155 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01389h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Polymer flows through pores, nozzles and other small channels govern engineered and naturally occurring dynamics in many processes, from 3D printing to oil recovery in the earth's subsurface to a wide variety of biological flows. The crosslinking of polymers can change their material properties dramatically, and it is advantageous to know a priori whether or not crosslinking polymers will lead to clogged channels or cessation of flow. In this study, we investigate the flow of a common biopolymer, alginate, while it undergoes crosslinking by the addition of a crosslinker, calcium, driven through a microfluidic channel at constant flow rate. We map the boundaries defining complete clogging and flow as a function of flow rate, polymer concentration, and crosslinker concentration. Interestingly, the boundaries of the dynamic behavior qualitatively match the thermodynamic jamming phase diagram of attractive colloidal particles. That is, polymer clogging occurs in a region analogous to colloids in a jammed state, while the polymer flows in regions corresponding to colloids in a liquid phase. However, between the dynamic regimes of complete clogging and unrestricted flow, we observe a remarkable phenomenon in which the crosslinked polymer intermittently clogs the channel. This pattern of deposition and removal of a crosslinked gel is simultaneously highly reproducible, long-lasting, and controllable by system parameters. Higher concentrations of polymer and cross-linker result in more frequent ablation, while gels formed at lower component concentrations ablate less frequently. Upon ablation, the eluted gel maintains its shape, resulting in micro-rods several hundred microns long. Our results suggest both rich dynamics of intermittent flows in crosslinking polymers and the ability to control them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barrett T Smith
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, USA.
| | - Sara M Hashmi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, USA.
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, USA
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, USA
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10
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Cross-Najafi AA, Farag K, Chen AM, Smith LJ, Zhang W, Li P, Ekser B. The Long Road to Develop Custom-built Livers: Current Status of 3D Liver Bioprinting. Transplantation 2024; 108:357-368. [PMID: 37322580 PMCID: PMC10724374 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000004668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Although liver transplantation is the gold-standard therapy for end-stage liver disease, the shortage of suitable organs results in only 25% of waitlisted patients undergoing transplants. Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is an emerging technology and a potential solution for personalized medicine applications. This review highlights existing 3D bioprinting technologies of liver tissues, current anatomical and physiological limitations to 3D bioprinting of a whole liver, and recent progress bringing this innovation closer to clinical use. We reviewed updated literature across multiple facets in 3D bioprinting, comparing laser, inkjet, and extrusion-based printing modalities, scaffolded versus scaffold-free systems, development of an oxygenated bioreactor, and challenges in establishing long-term viability of hepatic parenchyma and incorporating structurally and functionally robust vasculature and biliary systems. Advancements in liver organoid models have also increased their complexity and utility for liver disease modeling, pharmacologic testing, and regenerative medicine. Recent developments in 3D bioprinting techniques have improved the speed, anatomical, and physiological accuracy, and viability of 3D-bioprinted liver tissues. Optimization focusing on 3D bioprinting of the vascular system and bile duct has improved both the structural and functional accuracy of these models, which will be critical in the successful expansion of 3D-bioprinted liver tissues toward transplantable organs. With further dedicated research, patients with end-stage liver disease may soon be recipients of customized 3D-bioprinted livers, reducing or eliminating the need for immunosuppressive regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur A. Cross-Najafi
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kristine Farag
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Angela M. Chen
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Lester J. Smith
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University of School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- 3D Bioprinting Core, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ping Li
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Burcin Ekser
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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11
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Zhang S, Liu J, Feng F, Jia Y, Xu F, Wei Z, Zhang M. Rational design of viscoelastic hydrogels for periodontal ligament remodeling and repair. Acta Biomater 2024; 174:69-90. [PMID: 38101557 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The periodontal ligament (PDL) is a distinctive yet critical connective tissue vital for maintaining the integrity and functionality of tooth-supporting structures. However, PDL repair poses significant challenges due to the complexity of its mechanical microenvironment encompassing hard-soft-hard tissues, with the viscoelastic properties of the PDL being of particular interest. This review delves into the significant role of viscoelastic hydrogels in PDL regeneration, underscoring their utility in simulating biomimetic three-dimensional microenvironments. We review the intricate relationship between PDL and viscoelastic mechanical properties, emphasizing the role of tissue viscoelasticity in maintaining mechanical functionality. Moreover, we summarize the techniques for characterizing PDL's viscoelastic behavior. From a chemical bonding perspective, we explore various crosslinking methods and characteristics of viscoelastic hydrogels, along with engineering strategies to construct viscoelastic cell microenvironments. We present a detailed analysis of the influence of the viscoelastic microenvironment on cellular mechanobiological behavior and fate. Furthermore, we review the applications of diverse viscoelastic hydrogels in PDL repair and address current challenges in the field of viscoelastic tissue repair. Lastly, we propose future directions for the development of innovative hydrogels that will facilitate not only PDL but also systemic ligament tissue repair. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songbai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of General Dentistry and Emergency, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Jingyi Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Fan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of General Dentistry and Emergency, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, PR China
| | - Yuanbo Jia
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Feng Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Zhao Wei
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China.
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of General Dentistry and Emergency, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, PR China.
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12
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Wang Q, Liu J, Yin W, Wang A, Zheng J, Wang Y, Dong J. Microscale tissue engineering of liver lobule models: advancements and applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1303053. [PMID: 38144540 PMCID: PMC10749204 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1303053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver, as the body's primary organ for maintaining internal balance, is composed of numerous hexagonal liver lobules, each sharing a uniform architectural framework. These liver lobules serve as the basic structural and functional units of the liver, comprised of central veins, hepatic plates, hepatic sinusoids, and minute bile ducts. Meanwhile, within liver lobules, distinct regions of hepatocytes carry out diverse functions. The in vitro construction of liver lobule models, faithfully replicating their structure and function, holds paramount significance for research in liver development and diseases. Presently, two primary technologies for constructing liver lobule models dominate the field: 3D bioprinting and microfluidic techniques. 3D bioprinting enables precise deposition of cells and biomaterials, while microfluidics facilitates targeted transport of cells or other culture materials to specified locations, effectively managing culture media input and output through micro-pump control, enabling dynamic simulations of liver lobules. In this comprehensive review, we provide an overview of the biomaterials, cells, and manufacturing methods employed by recent researchers in constructing liver lobule models. Our aim is to explore strategies and technologies that closely emulate the authentic structure and function of liver lobules, offering invaluable insights for research into liver diseases, drug screening, drug toxicity assessment, and cell replacement therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Research Unit of Precision Hepatobiliary Surgery Paradigm, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Institute for Organ Transplant and Bionic Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Digital Intelligence Hepatology, Ministry of Education, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenzhen Yin
- Clinical Translational Science Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Anqi Wang
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Zheng
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yunfang Wang
- Research Unit of Precision Hepatobiliary Surgery Paradigm, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Institute for Organ Transplant and Bionic Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Digital Intelligence Hepatology, Ministry of Education, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Clinical Translational Science Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahong Dong
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Research Unit of Precision Hepatobiliary Surgery Paradigm, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Institute for Organ Transplant and Bionic Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Digital Intelligence Hepatology, Ministry of Education, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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13
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Jovic TH, Nicholson T, Arora H, Nelson K, Doak SH, Whitaker IS. A comparative analysis of pulp-derived nanocelluloses for 3D bioprinting facial cartilages. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 321:121261. [PMID: 37739492 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Nanocelluloses have attracted significant interest in the field of bioprinting, with previous research outlining the value of nanocellulose fibrils and bacterial nanocelluloses for 3D bioprinting tissues such as cartilage. We have recently characterised three distinct structural formulations of pulp-derived nanocelluloses: fibrillar (NFC), crystalline (NCC) and blend (NCB), exhibiting variation in pore geometry and mechanical properties. In light of the characterisation of these three distinct entities, this study investigated whether these structural differences translated to differences in printability, chondrogenicity or biocompatibility for 3D bioprinting anatomical structures with human nasoseptal chondrocytes. Composite nanocellulose-alginate bioinks (75:25 v/v) of NFC, NCC and NCB were produced and tested for print resolution and fidelity. NFC offered superior print resolution whereas NCB demonstrated the best post-printing shape fidelity. Biologically, chondrogenicity was assessed using real time quantitative PCR, dimethylmethylene blue assays and histology. All biomaterials showed an increase in chondrogenic gene expression and extracellular matrix production over 21 days, but this was superior in the NCC bioink. Biocompatibility assessments revealed an increase in cell number and metabolism over 21 days in the NCC and NCB formulations. Nanocellulose augments printability and chondrogenicity of bioinks, of which the NCC and NCB formulations offer the best biological promise for bioprinting cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas H Jovic
- Reconstructive Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Institute of Life Sciences 1, Swansea University, SA2 8PP, UK; Welsh Centre for Burns & Plastic Surgery, Morriston Hospital, Swansea SA6 6NL, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | - Iain S Whitaker
- Reconstructive Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Institute of Life Sciences 1, Swansea University, SA2 8PP, UK; Welsh Centre for Burns & Plastic Surgery, Morriston Hospital, Swansea SA6 6NL, UK
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14
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Le TTV, Phan NTH, Tran HLB. Alginate-gelatin hydrogel supplemented with platelet concentrates can be used as bioinks for scaffold printing. ASIAN BIOMED 2023; 17:222-229. [PMID: 37899763 PMCID: PMC10602633 DOI: 10.2478/abm-2023-0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Background Owing to the growing global demand for organ replacement and tissue regeneration, three-dimensional (3D) printing is widely recognized as an essential technology in tissue engineering. Biomaterials become a potential source of raw materials for printing ink by containing factors that promote tissue regeneration. Platelet concentrates are autologous biological products that are capable of doing that. Objectives This study was carried out to create bioinks capable of providing biological signals by combining gelatin-alginate with platelet concentrates. Methods This study combined platelet concentrates, including platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), with gelatin and alginate to create bioinks. Bioink properties, including gelatinization and pH, were assessed before printing. After that, the scaffolds were done, and the growth factor (GF) release and cytotoxicity from these scaffolds were performed. Results Results showed that all the three bioinks, including alginate-gelatin (AG), alginate-gelatin-PRP (AGP), and alginate-gelatin-PRF (AGF) were gelatinized right at the end of bioink fabrication and had a pH around 7. The scaffolds from bioinks supplemented with platelet concentrates secreted GFs that remained for 12 d, and the extracts from them were not cytotoxic for the L929 cell line. Conclusion In summary, bioinks were made by combining AG with platelet concentrates and had properties suitable for creating scaffolds with cell-oriented grafts in the development of artificial tissues and organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuyet Thi Vi Le
- Department of Physiology and Animal Biotechnology, Biology and Biotechnology Faculty, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City700000, Vietnam
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Biomedical Materials, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City700000, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City700000, Vietnam
| | - Nghia Thi Hieu Phan
- Department of Physiology and Animal Biotechnology, Biology and Biotechnology Faculty, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City700000, Vietnam
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Biomedical Materials, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City700000, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City700000, Vietnam
| | - Ha Le Bao Tran
- Department of Physiology and Animal Biotechnology, Biology and Biotechnology Faculty, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City700000, Vietnam
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Biomedical Materials, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City700000, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City700000, Vietnam
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15
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Cavallo A, Al Kayal T, Mero A, Mezzetta A, Guazzelli L, Soldani G, Losi P. Fibrinogen-Based Bioink for Application in Skin Equivalent 3D Bioprinting. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:459. [PMID: 37754873 PMCID: PMC10532308 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14090459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional bioprinting has emerged as an attractive technology due to its ability to mimic native tissue architecture using different cell types and biomaterials. Nowadays, cell-laden bioink development or skin tissue equivalents are still at an early stage. The aim of the study is to propose a bioink to be used in skin bioprinting based on a blend of fibrinogen and alginate to form a hydrogel by enzymatic polymerization with thrombin and by ionic crosslinking with divalent calcium ions. The biomaterial ink formulation, composed of 30 mg/mL of fibrinogen, 6% of alginate, and 25 mM of CaCl2, was characterized in terms of homogeneity, rheological properties, printability, mechanical properties, degradation rate, water uptake, and biocompatibility by the indirect method using L929 mouse fibroblasts. The proposed bioink is a homogeneous blend with a shear thinning behavior, excellent printability, adequate mechanical stiffness, porosity, biodegradability, and water uptake, and it is in vitro biocompatible. The fibrinogen-based bioink was used for the 3D bioprinting of the dermal layer of the skin equivalent. Three different normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDF) densities were tested, and better results in terms of viability, spreading, and proliferation were obtained with 4 × 106 cell/mL. The skin equivalent was bioprinted, adding human keratinocytes (HaCaT) through bioprinting on the top surface of the dermal layer. A skin equivalent stained by live/dead and histological analysis immediately after printing and at days 7 and 14 of culture showed a tissuelike structure with two distinct layers characterized by the presence of viable and proliferating cells. This bioprinted skin equivalent showed a similar native skin architecture, paving the way for its use as a skin substitute for wound healing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Cavallo
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, 54100 Massa, Italy
| | - Tamer Al Kayal
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, 54100 Massa, Italy
| | - Angelica Mero
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Mezzetta
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Giorgio Soldani
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, 54100 Massa, Italy
| | - Paola Losi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, 54100 Massa, Italy
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16
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Carvalho JF, Teixeira MC, Lameirinhas NS, Matos FS, Luís JL, Pires L, Oliveira H, Oliveira M, Silvestre AJD, Vilela C, Freire CSR. Hydrogel Bioinks of Alginate and Curcumin-Loaded Cellulose Ester-Based Particles for the Biofabrication of Drug-Releasing Living Tissue Analogs. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:40898-40912. [PMID: 37584276 PMCID: PMC10472434 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c07077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
3D bioprinting is a versatile technique that allows the fabrication of living tissue analogs through the layer-by-layer deposition of cell-laden biomaterials, viz. bioinks. In this work, composite alginate hydrogel-based bioinks reinforced with curcumin-loaded particles of cellulose esters (CEpCUR) and laden with human keratinocytes (HaCaT) are developed. The addition of the CEpCUR particles, with sizes of 740 ± 147 nm, improves the rheological properties of the inks, increasing their shear stress and viscosity, while preserving the recovery rate and the mechanical and viscoelastic properties of the resulting fully cross-linked hydrogels. Moreover, the presence of these particles reduces the degradation rate of the hydrogels from 26.3 ± 0.8% (ALG) to 18.7 ± 1.3% (ALG:CEpCUR_10%) after 3 days in the culture medium. The 3D structures printed with the ALG:CEpCUR inks reveal increased printing definition and the ability to release curcumin (with nearly 70% of cumulative release after 24 h in PBS). After being laden with HaCaT cells (1.2 × 106 cells mL-1), the ALG:CEpCUR bioinks can be successfully 3D bioprinted, and the obtained living constructs show good dimensional stability and high cell viabilities at 7 days post-bioprinting (nearly 90%), confirming their great potential for application in fields like wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- João
P. F. Carvalho
- CICECO−Aveiro
Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Maria C. Teixeira
- CICECO−Aveiro
Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Nicole S. Lameirinhas
- CICECO−Aveiro
Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Filipe S. Matos
- CICECO−Aveiro
Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Jorge L. Luís
- CICECO−Aveiro
Institute of Materials, EMaRT Group - Emerging: Materials, Research,
Technology, School of Design, Management and Production Technologies
Northern Aveiro, University of Aveiro, Oliveira de Azeméis 3720-511, Portugal
| | - Liliana Pires
- CICECO−Aveiro
Institute of Materials, EMaRT Group - Emerging: Materials, Research,
Technology, School of Design, Management and Production Technologies
Northern Aveiro, University of Aveiro, Oliveira de Azeméis 3720-511, Portugal
| | - Helena Oliveira
- Department
of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Martinho Oliveira
- CICECO−Aveiro
Institute of Materials, EMaRT Group - Emerging: Materials, Research,
Technology, School of Design, Management and Production Technologies
Northern Aveiro, University of Aveiro, Oliveira de Azeméis 3720-511, Portugal
| | - Armando J. D. Silvestre
- CICECO−Aveiro
Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Carla Vilela
- CICECO−Aveiro
Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Carmen S. R. Freire
- CICECO−Aveiro
Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
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17
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Isik M, Karakaya E, Arslan TS, Atila D, Erdogan YK, Arslan YE, Eskizengin H, Eylem CC, Nemutlu E, Ercan B, D'Este M, Okesola BO, Derkus B. 3D Printing of Extracellular Matrix-Based Multicomponent, All-Natural, Highly Elastic, and Functional Materials toward Vascular Tissue Engineering. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2203044. [PMID: 37014809 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202203044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
3D printing offers an exciting opportunity to fabricate biological constructs with specific geometries, clinically relevant sizes, and functions for biomedical applications. However, successful application of 3D printing is limited by the narrow range of printable and bio-instructive materials. Multicomponent hydrogel bioinks present unique opportunities to create bio-instructive materials able to display high structural fidelity and fulfill the mechanical and functional requirements for in situ tissue engineering. Herein, 3D printable and perfusable multicomponent hydrogel constructs with high elasticity, self-recovery properties, excellent hydrodynamic performance, and improved bioactivity are reported. The materials' design strategy integrates fast gelation kinetics of sodium alginate (Alg), in situ crosslinking of tyramine-modified hyaluronic acid (HAT), and temperature-dependent self-assembly and biological functions of decellularized aorta (dAECM). Using extrusion-based printing approach, the capability to print the multicomponent hydrogel bioinks with high precision into a well-defined vascular constructs able to withstand flow and repetitive cyclic compressive loading, is demonstrated. Both in vitro and pre-clinical models are used to show the pro-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory properties of the multicomponent vascular constructs. This study presents a strategy to create new bioink whose functional properties are greater than the sum of their components and with potential applications in vascular tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melis Isik
- Stem Cell Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, Ankara, 06560, Turkey
| | - Ece Karakaya
- Stem Cell Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, Ankara, 06560, Turkey
| | - Tugba Sezgin Arslan
- Stem Cell Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, Ankara, 06560, Turkey
| | - Deniz Atila
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
- International Centre for Research on Innovative Bio-based Materials (ICRI-BioM), Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, 90924, Poland
| | - Yasar Kemal Erdogan
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Isparta University of Applied Science, Isparta, 32260, Turkey
| | - Yavuz Emre Arslan
- Regenerative Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, 17100, Turkey
| | - Hakan Eskizengin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, Ankara, 06560, Turkey
| | - Cemil Can Eylem
- Analytical Chemistry Division, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 06230, Turkey
| | - Emirhan Nemutlu
- Analytical Chemistry Division, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 06230, Turkey
- Bioanalytic and Omics Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 06100, Turkey
| | - Batur Ercan
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
| | - Matteo D'Este
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, Davos Platz, 7270, Switzerland
| | - Babatunde O Okesola
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Burak Derkus
- Stem Cell Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, Ankara, 06560, Turkey
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18
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Seok JM, Kim MJ, Park JH, Kim D, Lee D, Yeo SJ, Lee JH, Lee K, Byun JH, Oh SH, Park SA. A bioactive microparticle-loaded osteogenically enhanced bioprinted scaffold that permits sustained release of BMP-2. Mater Today Bio 2023; 21:100685. [PMID: 37545560 PMCID: PMC10401289 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Extrusion-based bioprinting technology is widely used for tissue regeneration and reconstruction. However, the method that uses only hydrogel as the bioink base material exhibits limited biofunctional properties and needs improvement to achieve the desired tissue regeneration. In this study, we present a three-dimensionally printed bioactive microparticle-loaded scaffold for use in bone regeneration applications. The unique structure of the microparticles provided sustained release of growth factor for > 4 weeks without the use of toxic or harmful substances. Before and after printing, the optimal particle ratio in the bioink for cell viability demonstrated a survival rate of ≥ 85% over 7 days. Notably, osteogenic differentiation and mineralization-mediated by human periosteum-derived cells in scaffolds with bioactive microparticles-increased over a 2-week interval. Here, we present an alternative bioprinting strategy that uses the sustained release of bioactive microparticles to improve biofunctional properties in a manner that is acceptable for clinical bone regeneration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Min Seok
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daejeon, 34103, Republic of Korea
- Department of Applied Bioengineering, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ji Kim
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 FOUR NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ho Park
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahong Kim
- Department of Applied Bioengineering, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongjin Lee
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daejeon, 34103, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Ju Yeo
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daejeon, 34103, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hee Lee
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daejeon, 34103, Republic of Korea
| | - Kangwon Lee
- Department of Applied Bioengineering, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Convergence Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - June-Ho Byun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Heang Oh
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 FOUR NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Su A Park
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daejeon, 34103, Republic of Korea
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19
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Budharaju H, Sundaramurthi D, Sethuraman S. Efficient dual crosslinking of protein-in-polysaccharide bioink for biofabrication of cardiac tissue constructs. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 152:213486. [PMID: 37302210 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a lethal cardiac disease that causes most of the mortality across the world. MI is a consequence of plaque in the arterial walls of heart, which eventually result in occlusion and ischemia to the myocardial tissues due to inadequate nutrient and oxygen supply. As an efficient alternative to the existing treatment strategies for MI, 3D bioprinting has evolved as an advanced tissue fabrication technique where the cell-laden bioinks are printed layer-by-layer to create functional cardiac patches. In this study, a dual crosslinking strategy has been utilized towards 3D bioprinting of myocardial constructs by using a combination of alginate and fibrinogen. Herein, pre-crosslinking of the physically blended alginate-fibrinogen bioinks with CaCl2 enhanced the shape fidelity and printability of the printed structures. Physicochemical properties of the bioinks such as rheology, fibrin distribution, swelling ratio and degradation behaviour, were determined post-printing for only ionically crosslinked & dual crosslinked constructs and found to be ideal for bioprinting of cardiac constructs. Human ventricular cardiomyocytes (AC 16) exhibited a significant increase in cell proliferation on day 7 and 14 in AF-DMEM-20 mM CaCl2 bioink when compared to A-DMEM-20 mM CaCl2 (p < 0.05). Furthermore, myocardial patches containing neonatal ventricular rat myocytes (NVRM) showed >80 % viability and also expressed sarcomeric alpha actinin & connexin 43. These results indicate that the dual crosslinking strategy was cytocompatible and also possess the potential to be used for biofabrication of thick myocardial constructs for regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshavardhan Budharaju
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab, Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, ABCDE Innovation Centre, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, India
| | - Dhakshinamoorthy Sundaramurthi
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab, Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, ABCDE Innovation Centre, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, India
| | - Swaminathan Sethuraman
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab, Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, ABCDE Innovation Centre, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, India.
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20
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Nagaraj A, Rekha PD. Development of a bioink using exopolysaccharide from Rhizobium sp. PRIM17. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 234:123608. [PMID: 36773865 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Biopolymers play a significant role in tissue engineering, including in the formulation of bioinks that require careful selection of the biopolymers having properties ideal for printability and supporting biological entities such as cells. Alginate is one of the most widely explored natural biopolymers for tissue engineering applications due to its biocompatibility, cross-linking ability, hydrophilic nature, and easy incorporation with other polymers. Here, a succinoglycan-like exopolysaccharide (EPS-R17) produced by a bacterial strain Rhizobium sp. PRIM17 was incorporated with alginate for the development of a bioink. The physicochemical characterization of EPS-R17 was performed before formulating the bioink with alginate. The bioink formulation was prepared by mixing different concentrations of EPS with an alginate solution at room temperature under sterile atmosphere. The prepared bioink was characterized for rheological properties, biocompatibility, and a bioplotting experiment was also conducted to mimick the extrusion bioprinting. The EPS-R17 was composed of glucose, galactose, and rhamnose with a molecular weight of 69.98 kDa. It was thermally stable up to 260 °C and showed characteristic FT-IR peaks (1723.3 cm-1) for succinyl groups. The EPS-R17 showed biocompatibility with keratinocytes (HaCaT), and fibroblasts (HDF) in vitro. The rheological properties of EPS-R17-alginate bioink at different combinations showed shear thinning behavior at 25 and 37 °C. Amplitude sweep measurements showed the gel-like nature of the polymer combinations in the solution system superior to alginate or EPS-R17 alone. The combination of 1 % EPS-R17 and 1.5 % alginate showed good compressive strength and swelling behavior. Extrusion bioprinting mimicked using a bioplotting experiment showed the sustained cell viability in the polymer matrix of EPS-R17-alginate bioink. The results indicate that the EPS-R17 can be used in combination with alginate for bioinks for bioprinting applications for providing physical properties and favorable bioactivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athmika Nagaraj
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), University Road, Deralakatte, Mangalore 575018, India
| | - Punchappady Devasya Rekha
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), University Road, Deralakatte, Mangalore 575018, India.
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21
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Lin YY, Kuan CY, Chang CT, Chuang MH, Syu WS, Zhang KL, Lee CH, Lin PC, Dong GC, Lin FH. 3D-Cultured Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Spheres Using Calcium-Alginate Scaffolds for Osteoarthritis Treatment in a Mono-Iodoacetate-Induced Rat Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087062. [PMID: 37108239 PMCID: PMC10138691 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease that causes pain, cartilage deformation, and joint inflammation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are potential therapeutic agents for OA treatment. However, the 2D culture of MSCs could potentially affect their characteristics and functionality. In this study, calcium-alginate (Ca-Ag) scaffolds were prepared for human adipose-derived stem cell (hADSC) proliferation with a homemade functionally closed process bioreactor system; the feasibility of cultured hADSC spheres in heterologous stem cell therapy for OA treatment was then evaluated. hADSC spheres were collected from Ca-Ag scaffolds by removing calcium ions via ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) chelation. In this study, 2D-cultured individual hADSCs or hADSC spheres were evaluated for treatment efficacy in a monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced OA rat model. The results of gait analysis and histological sectioning showed that hADSC spheres were more effective at relieving arthritis degeneration. The results of serological and blood element analyses of hADSC-treated rats indicated that the hADSC spheres were a safe treatment in vivo. This study demonstrates that hADSC spheres are a promising treatment for OA and can be applied to other stem cell therapies or regenerative medical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ying Lin
- Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
| | - Che-Yung Kuan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10087, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Tien Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsi Chuang
- College of Management, Chung Hwa University, Hsinchu 30012, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Sin Syu
- Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu 30261, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Ling Zhang
- Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu 30261, Taiwan
- College of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsin Lee
- Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu 30261, Taiwan
| | - Po-Cheng Lin
- Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu 30261, Taiwan
| | - Guo-Chung Dong
- Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10087, Taiwan
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22
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Forysenkova AA, Ivanova VA, Fadeeva IV, Mamin GV, Rau JV. 1H NMR and EPR Spectroscopies Investigation of Alginate Cross-Linking by Divalent Ions. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:2832. [PMID: 37049124 PMCID: PMC10095611 DOI: 10.3390/ma16072832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Alginate is a natural polymer widely applied in materials science, medicine, and biotechnology. Its ability to bind metal ions in order to form insoluble gels has been comprehensively used to create capsules for cell technology, drug delivery, biomedical materials, etc. To modify and predict the properties of cross-linked alginate, knowledge about the mechanism of alginate binding with metal ions and the properties of its gels is necessary. This article presents the results obtained by proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for alginate containing calcium and strontium (alkaline earth metal diamagnetic) ions and by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for alginate with copper (Cu) and manganese (Mn) (transition metal paramagnetic) ions. It was found that in the case of calcium (Ca) and Mn ions, their concentration does not affect their distribution in the alginate structure and the cross-linking density. In the case of strontium (Sr) and Cu ions, their number affects the number of binding sites and, accordingly, the cross-linking density. Thus, the cross-linking of alginate depends mainly on the characteristics of specific cations, while the nature of the bond (ionic or coordination type) is less important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A. Forysenkova
- A.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Avenue 49, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Valeria A. Ivanova
- Phystech-School of Electronics, Photonics and Molecular Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutsky Lane 9, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Inna V. Fadeeva
- A.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Avenue 49, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Georgy V. Mamin
- Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Julietta V. Rau
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISM-CNR), Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy
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23
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He F, Zhao X, Yang S, Wen Q, Feng Y, Yu G, Li J. Coexistence of aggregates and flat states of hydrophobically modified sodium alginate at an oil/water interface: A molecular dynamics study. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 231:123233. [PMID: 36642363 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophobically modified sodium alginate stabilizes benzene in water emulsions. The stability of the emulsion is related to the interface properties at the mesoscopic scale, but the details of the polymer adsorption, conformation and organization at oil/water interfaces at the microscopic scale remain largely elusive. In this study, hydrophobically modified sodium alginate was used as a representative of amphiphilic polymers for prediction of distribution of HMSA at the oil/water interface by coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation. The result showed that driven by the interaction energy between the hydrophobic segment and benzene, HMSA will actively accumulate at the oil/water interface. The HMSA molecules parallel to the oil/water interface prevent the hydrophobic segments in the micelles from approaching the oil/water interface, so that the micelles can exist stably by steric hindrance. This study would be helpful to understand the aggregation behavior of amphiphilic polymers at the oil/water interface, these results can have applications in diverse sectors such as drug, food industry, where polymers are used to stabilize emulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furui He
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources of Ministry of Education and School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Xinyu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources of Ministry of Education and School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Shujuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources of Ministry of Education and School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Qiyan Wen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources of Ministry of Education and School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Yuhong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources of Ministry of Education and School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Gaobo Yu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources of Ministry of Education and School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China.
| | - Jiacheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources of Ministry of Education and School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China.
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24
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Lu J, Wang W, Xu Z, Zhang P, Gu J, Xu Z, Xi J, Fan L. CaCO 3-assistant synthesis of pH/near-infrared light-responsive and injectable sodium alginate hydrogels for melanoma synergistic treatment. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 633:657-667. [PMID: 36473356 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.11.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is an aggressive tumor located in skin with high rates of recurrence and metastasis. Due to the limited traditional therapies, the development of novel strategies against melanoma is urgently quested. To reduce the side effects of traditional administration ways and amplify the killing effect, an injectable sodium alginate (SA)-based hydrogels were developed, in which CaCO3/polydopamine nanoparticles (CaCO3/PDA NPs) were embedded for the synergistic photothermal/calcium ions interference therapy of melanoma. In the study, the formation conditions and mechanical properties of CaCO3/PDA-SA hydrogels were characterized, and their antitumor efficiency and mechanism against mouse melanoma cells were investigated. Wheninjectedintratumorally, CaCO3/PDA-SA fluid was converted into hydrogel in situ through the interaction of pH-sensitive released Ca2+ and alginate chains, which increased the retention time of photothermal agents (CaCO3/PDA NPs) at tumor sites and thereby was more conducive to produce hyperthermia via photothermal conversion to combat melanoma. Moreover, in acidic tumor microenvironment, the residual CaCO3/PDA NPs in hydrogels continuously decomposed and released Ca2+ to destroy the Ca2+ buffering capacity and evoke the mitochondrial Ca2+-overloading, resulting in the inhibition of adenosine triphosphate production to accelerate cell death. Notably, besides the heat elevation, the near-infrared light (NIR) irradiation would further enhance the release of Ca2+ to promote the Ca2+-involved cell death. Therefore, a pH/NIR-responsive and injectable SA-based hydrogels were successfully established and showed enhanced treatment efficacy of melanoma through the synergism of photothermal therapy and calcium ions interference therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxiu Lu
- School of Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ze Xu
- School of Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Peiying Zhang
- School of Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jiake Gu
- School of Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zhilong Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Juqun Xi
- School of Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Lei Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China.
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25
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Bazazi S, Hosseini SP, Hashemi E, Rashidzadeh B, Liu Y, Saeb MR, Xiao H, Seidi F. Polysaccharide-based C-dots and polysaccharide/C-dot nanocomposites: fabrication strategies and applications. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:3630-3650. [PMID: 36728615 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr07065k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
C-dots are a new class of materials with vast applications. The synthesis of bio-based C-dots has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Polysaccharides being the most abundant natural materials with high biodegradability and no toxicity have been the focus of researchers for the synthesis of C-dots. C-dots obtained from polysaccharides are generally fabricated via thermal procedures, carbonization, and microwave pyrolysis. Small size, photo-induced electron transfer (PET), and highly adjustable luminosity behavior are the most important physical and chemical properties of C-dots. However, C-dot/polysaccharide composites can be introduced as a new generation of composites that combine the features of both C-dots and polysaccharides having a wide range of applications in biomedicines, biosensors, drug delivery systems, etc. This review demonstrates the features, raw materials, and methods used for the fabrication of C-dots derived from different polysaccharides. Furthermore, the properties, applications, and synthesis conditions of various C-dot/polysaccharide composites are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Bazazi
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources and International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Seyedeh Parisa Hosseini
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources and International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Esmaeil Hashemi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, PO Box 41335-1914, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - Yuqian Liu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources and International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Mohammad Reza Saeb
- Department of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza 11/12 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Huining Xiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 5A3 Canada.
| | - Farzad Seidi
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources and International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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26
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Cadamuro F, Nicotra F, Russo L. 3D printed tissue models: From hydrogels to biomedical applications. J Control Release 2023; 354:726-745. [PMID: 36682728 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The development of new advanced constructs resembling structural and functional properties of human organs and tissues requires a deep knowledge of the morphological and biochemical properties of the extracellular matrices (ECM), and the capacity to reproduce them. Manufacturing technologies like 3D printing and bioprinting represent valuable tools for this purpose. This review will describe how morphological and biochemical properties of ECM change in different tissues, organs, healthy and pathological states, and how ECM mimics with the required properties can be generated by 3D printing and bioprinting. The review describes and classifies the polymeric materials of natural and synthetic origin exploited to generate the hydrogels acting as "inks" in the 3D printing process, with particular emphasis on their functionalization allowing crosslinking and conjugation with signaling molecules to develop bio-responsive and bio-instructive ECM mimics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Cadamuro
- University of Milano-Bicocca, Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Nicotra
- University of Milano-Bicocca, Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Russo
- University of Milano-Bicocca, Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy; CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, H91 W2TY Galway, Ireland.
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27
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Fan D, Liu Y, Wang Y, Wang Q, Guo H, Cai Y, Song R, Wang X, Wang W. 3D printing of bone and cartilage with polymer materials. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1044726. [PMID: 36561347 PMCID: PMC9763290 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1044726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Damage and degeneration to bone and articular cartilage are the leading causes of musculoskeletal disability. Commonly used clinical and surgical methods include autologous/allogeneic bone and cartilage transplantation, vascularized bone transplantation, autologous chondrocyte implantation, mosaicplasty, and joint replacement. 3D bio printing technology to construct implants by layer-by-layer printing of biological materials, living cells, and other biologically active substances in vitro, which is expected to replace the repair mentioned above methods. Researchers use cells and biomedical materials as discrete materials. 3D bio printing has largely solved the problem of insufficient organ donors with the ability to prepare different organs and tissue structures. This paper mainly discusses the application of polymer materials, bio printing cell selection, and its application in bone and cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoyang Fan
- Department of Orthopedic, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yafei Liu
- Department of Orthopedic, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Department of Additive Manufacturing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hao Guo
- Department of Orthopedic, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yiming Cai
- Department of Orthopedic, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruipeng Song
- Department of Orthopedic, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Weidong Wang, ; Xing Wang,
| | - Weidong Wang
- Department of Orthopedic, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,*Correspondence: Weidong Wang, ; Xing Wang,
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28
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Liao Z, Niu Y, Wang Z, Chen J, Sun X, Dong L, Wang C. A "Nonsolvent Quenching" Strategy for 3D Printing of Polysaccharide Scaffolds with Immunoregulatory Accuracy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2203236. [PMID: 36156431 PMCID: PMC9731704 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202203236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
3D printing enables the customized design of implant structures for accurately regulating host responses. However, polysaccharides, as a major biomaterial category with versatile immune activities, are typically "non-printable" due to the collapse of their filaments extruded during printing. This challenge renders their potential as immunomodulatory scaffolds underexploited. Here, inspired by the quench hardening in metal processing, a nonsolvent quenching (NSQ) strategy is innovatively designed for the 3D printing of polysaccharides. Through rapid solvent exchanging, NSQ instantly induces surface hardening to strengthen the polysaccharide filaments upon extrusion, requiring neither chemical modification nor physical blending that alters the material properties. Tested with five polysaccharides with varying physicochemical properties, NSQ prints predesigned structures at organ-relevant scales and a long shelf-life over 3 months. Glucomannan scaffolds, fabricated via NSQ with different grid spacings (1.5 and 2.5 cm), induce distinct host responses upon murine subcutaneous implantation-from specific carbohydrate receptor activation to differential immunocytes accumulation and tissue matrix remodeling-as mechanistically validated in wild-type and Tlr2-/- knockout mice. Overall, NSQ as a facile and generic strategy is demonstrated to fabricate polysaccharide scaffolds with improved shape fidelity, thereby potentially unmasking their accurate immunomodulatory activities for future biomaterials design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhencheng Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineInstitute of Chinese Medicine & Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesFaculty of Health ScienceUniversity of MacauTaipaMacau SAR999078China
| | - Yiming Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineInstitute of Chinese Medicine & Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesFaculty of Health ScienceUniversity of MacauTaipaMacau SAR999078China
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologySchool of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu210093China
| | - Jiaxi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineInstitute of Chinese Medicine & Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesFaculty of Health ScienceUniversity of MacauTaipaMacau SAR999078China
- Zhuhai UM Science & Technology Research Institute (ZUMRI)HengqinGuangdong519031China
| | - Xiaoyan Sun
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical CenterPLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College28 Fu Xing RoadBeijing100853P. R. China
| | - Lei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologySchool of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu210093China
| | - Chunming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineInstitute of Chinese Medicine & Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesFaculty of Health ScienceUniversity of MacauTaipaMacau SAR999078China
- Zhuhai UM Science & Technology Research Institute (ZUMRI)HengqinGuangdong519031China
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29
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Stretchable and self-healable hyaluronate-based hydrogels for three-dimensional bioprinting. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 295:119846. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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30
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Łysik D, Deptuła P, Chmielewska S, Skłodowski K, Pogoda K, Chin L, Song D, Mystkowska J, Janmey PA, Bucki R. Modulation of Biofilm Mechanics by DNA Structure and Cell Type. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:4921-4929. [PMID: 36301743 PMCID: PMC9667457 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Deoxyribonucleic
acid (DNA) evolved as a tool for storing and transmitting
genetic information within cells, but outside the cell, DNA can also
serve as “construction material” present in microbial
biofilms or various body fluids, such as cystic fibrosis, sputum,
and pus. In the present work, we investigate the mechanics of biofilms
formed from Pseudomonas aeruginosa Xen
5, Staphylococcus aureus Xen 30, and Candida albicans 1408 using oscillatory shear rheometry
at different levels of compression and recreate these mechanics in
systems of entangled DNA and cells. The results show that the compression-stiffening
and shear-softening effects observed in biofilms can be reproduced
in DNA networks with the addition of an appropriate number of microbial
cells. Additionally, we observe that these effects are cell-type dependent.
We also identify other mechanisms that may significantly impact the
viscoelastic behavior of biofilms, such as the compression-stiffening
effect of DNA cross-linking by bivalent cations (Mg2+,
Ca2+, and Cu2+) and the stiffness-increasing
interactions of P. aeruginosa Xen 5
biofilm with Pf1 bacteriophage produced by P. aeruginosa. This work extends the knowledge of biofilm mechanobiology and demonstrates
the possibility of modifying biopolymers toward obtaining the desired
biophysical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Łysik
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Piotr Deptuła
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Sylwia Chmielewska
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Karol Skłodowski
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Pogoda
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-342 Krakow, Poland
| | - LiKang Chin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Widener University, Chester, Pennsylvania 19087, United States
| | - Dawei Song
- Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Joanna Mystkowska
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Paul A. Janmey
- Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Robert Bucki
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
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Zhu S, Li Y, He Z, Ji L, Zhang W, Tong Y, Luo J, Yu D, Zhang Q, Bi Q. Advanced injectable hydrogels for cartilage tissue engineering. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:954501. [PMID: 36159703 PMCID: PMC9493100 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.954501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid development of tissue engineering makes it an effective strategy for repairing cartilage defects. The significant advantages of injectable hydrogels for cartilage injury include the properties of natural extracellular matrix (ECM), good biocompatibility, and strong plasticity to adapt to irregular cartilage defect surfaces. These inherent properties make injectable hydrogels a promising tool for cartilage tissue engineering. This paper reviews the research progress on advanced injectable hydrogels. The cross-linking method and structure of injectable hydrogels are thoroughly discussed. Furthermore, polymers, cells, and stimulators commonly used in the preparation of injectable hydrogels are thoroughly reviewed. Finally, we summarize the research progress of the latest advanced hydrogels for cartilage repair and the future challenges for injectable hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senbo Zhu
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yong Li
- Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zeju He
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lichen Ji
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Tong
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Junchao Luo
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongsheng Yu
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Center for Operating Room, Department of Nursing, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Qing Bi
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qing Bi,
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Prabhakaran P, Palaniyandi T, Kanagavalli B, Ram Kumar V, Hari R, Sandhiya V, Baskar G, Rajendran BK, Sivaji A. Prospect and retrospect of 3D bio-printing. Acta Histochem 2022; 124:151932. [PMID: 36027838 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2022.151932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
3D bioprinting has become a popular medical technique in recent years. The most compelling rationale for the development of 3D bioprinting is the paucity of biological structures required for the rehabilitation of missing organs and tissues. They're useful in a multitude of domains, including disease modelling, regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, drug discovery with testing, personalised medicine, organ development, toxicity studies, and implants. Bioprinting requires a range of bioprinting technologies and bioinks to finish their procedure, that Inkjet-based bioprinting, extrusion-based bioprinting, laser-assisted bioprinting, stereolithography-based bioprinting, and in situ bioprinting are some of the technologies listed here. Bioink is a 3D printing material that is used to construct engineered artificial living tissue. It can be constructed solely for cells, but it usually includes a carrier substance that envelops the cells, then there's Agarose-based bioinks, alginate-based bioinks, collagen-based bioinks, and hyaluronic acid-based bioinks, to name a few. Here we presented about the different bioprinting methods with the use of bioinks in it and then Prospected over various applications in different fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranav Prabhakaran
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to University, Chennai, India
| | - Thirunavukkarsu Palaniyandi
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to University, Chennai, India; Department of Anatomy, Biomedical Reseach Unit and Laboratory Animal Centre, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
| | - B Kanagavalli
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to University, Chennai, India
| | - V Ram Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to University, Chennai, India
| | - Rajeswari Hari
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to University, Chennai, India
| | - V Sandhiya
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to University, Chennai, India
| | - Gomathy Baskar
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to University, Chennai, India
| | | | - Asha Sivaji
- Department of Biochemistry, DKM College for Women, Vellore, India
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Alginate based hydrogel inks for 3D bioprinting of engineered orthopedic tissues. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 296:119964. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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3D Printed Gene-Activated Sodium Alginate Hydrogel Scaffolds. Gels 2022; 8:gels8070421. [PMID: 35877506 PMCID: PMC9319089 DOI: 10.3390/gels8070421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy is one of the most promising approaches in regenerative medicine to restore damaged tissues of various types. However, the ability to control the dose of bioactive molecules in the injection site can be challenging. The combination of genetic constructs, bioresorbable material, and the 3D printing technique can help to overcome these difficulties and not only serve as a microenvironment for cell infiltration but also provide localized gene release in a more sustainable way to induce effective cell differentiation. Herein, the cell transfection with plasmid DNA directly incorporated into sodium alginate prior to 3D printing was investigated both in vitro and in vivo. The 3D cryoprinting ensures pDNA structure integrity and safety. 3D printed gene-activated scaffolds (GAS) mediated HEK293 transfection in vitro and effective synthesis of model EGFP protein in vivo, thereby allowing the implementation of the developed GAS in future tissue engineering applications.
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35
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Alginate-Lysozyme Nanofibers Hydrogels with Improved Rheological Behavior, Printability and Biological Properties for 3D Bioprinting Applications. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12132190. [PMID: 35808026 PMCID: PMC9268501 DOI: 10.3390/nano12132190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, alginate nanocomposite hydrogel bioinks reinforced with lysozyme nanofibers (LNFs) were developed. Alginate-LNF (A-LNF) suspensions with different LNF contents (1, 5 and 10 wt.%) were prepared and pre-crosslinked with 0.5% (w/v) CaCl2 to formulate A-LNF inks. These inks exhibit proper shear-thinning behavior and good recovery properties (~90%), with the pre-crosslinking step playing a crucial role. A-LNF fully crosslinked hydrogels (with 2% (w/v) CaCl2) that mimic 3D printing scaffolds were prepared, and it was observed that the addition of LNFs improved several properties of the hydrogels, such as the morphology, swelling and degradation profiles, and mechanical properties. All formulations are also noncytotoxic towards HaCaT cells. The printing parameters and 3D scaffold model were then optimized, with A-LNF inks showing improved printability. Selected A-LNF inks (A-LNF0 and A-LNF5) were loaded with HaCaT cells (cell density 2 × 106 cells mL−1), and the cell viability within the bioprinted scaffolds was evaluated for 1, 3 and 7 days, with scaffolds printed with the A-LNF5 bioink showing the highest values for 7 days (87.99 ± 1.28%). Hence, A-LNF bioinks exhibited improved rheological performance, printability and biological properties representing a good strategy to overcome the main limitations of alginate-based bioinks.
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36
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Teixeira MC, Lameirinhas NS, Carvalho JPF, Silvestre AJD, Vilela C, Freire CSR. A Guide to Polysaccharide-Based Hydrogel Bioinks for 3D Bioprinting Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126564. [PMID: 35743006 PMCID: PMC9223682 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is an innovative technology in the biomedical field, allowing the fabrication of living constructs through an approach of layer-by-layer deposition of cell-laden inks, the so-called bioinks. An ideal bioink should possess proper mechanical, rheological, chemical, and biological characteristics to ensure high cell viability and the production of tissue constructs with dimensional stability and shape fidelity. Among the several types of bioinks, hydrogels are extremely appealing as they have many similarities with the extracellular matrix, providing a highly hydrated environment for cell proliferation and tunability in terms of mechanical and rheological properties. Hydrogels derived from natural polymers, and polysaccharides, in particular, are an excellent platform to mimic the extracellular matrix, given their low cytotoxicity, high hydrophilicity, and diversity of structures. In fact, polysaccharide-based hydrogels are trendy materials for 3D bioprinting since they are abundant and combine adequate physicochemical and biomimetic features for the development of novel bioinks. Thus, this review portrays the most relevant advances in polysaccharide-based hydrogel bioinks for 3D bioprinting, focusing on the last five years, with emphasis on their properties, advantages, and limitations, considering polysaccharide families classified according to their source, namely from seaweed, higher plants, microbial, and animal (particularly crustaceans) origin.
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Taniguchi Nagahara MH, Caiado Decarli M, Inforçatti Neto P, Lopes da Silva JV, Moraes ÂM. Crosslinked alginate‐xanthan gum blends as effective hydrogels for
3D
bioprinting of biological tissues. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Harue Taniguchi Nagahara
- Department of Engineering of Materials and of Bioprocesses, School of Chemical Engineering University of Campinas Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Monize Caiado Decarli
- Department of Engineering of Materials and of Bioprocesses, School of Chemical Engineering University of Campinas Campinas São Paulo Brazil
- Three‐Dimensional Technologies Research Group CTI Renato Archer Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Paulo Inforçatti Neto
- Three‐Dimensional Technologies Research Group CTI Renato Archer Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - Ângela Maria Moraes
- Department of Engineering of Materials and of Bioprocesses, School of Chemical Engineering University of Campinas Campinas São Paulo Brazil
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Piras CC, Mahon CS, Genever PG, Smith DK. Shaping and Patterning Supramolecular Materials─Stem Cell-Compatible Dual-Network Hybrid Gels Loaded with Silver Nanoparticles. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:1829-1840. [PMID: 35364810 PMCID: PMC9092345 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Hydrogels
with spatio-temporally
controlled properties are appealing
materials for biological and pharmaceutical applications. We make
use of mild acidification protocols to fabricate hybrid gels using
calcium alginate in the presence of a preformed thermally triggered
gel based on a low-molecular-weight gelator (LMWG) 1,3:2:4-di(4-acylhydrazide)-benzylidene
sorbitol (DBS-CONHNH2). Nonwater-soluble calcium carbonate
slowly releases calcium ions over time when exposed to an acidic pH,
triggering the assembly of the calcium alginate gel network. We combined
the gelators in different ways: (i) the LMWG was used as a template
to spatially control slow calcium alginate gelation within preformed
gel beads, using glucono-δ-lactone (GdL) to lower the pH; (ii)
the LMWG was used as a template to spatially control slow calcium
alginate gelation within preformed gel trays, using diphenyliodonium
nitrate (DPIN) as a photoacid to lower the pH, and spatial resolution
was achieved by masking. The dual-network hybrid gels display highly
tunable properties, and the beads are compatible with stem cell growth.
Furthermore, they preserve the LMWG function of inducing in situ silver
nanoparticle (AgNP) formation, which provides the gels with antibacterial
activity. These gels have potential for eventual regenerative medicine
applications in (e.g.) bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen C Piras
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Clare S Mahon
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Paul G Genever
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - David K Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
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Janarthanan G, Kim JH, Kim IG, Lee C, Chung EJ, Noh I. Manufacturing of self-standing multi-layered 3D-bioprinted alginate-hyaluronate constructs by controlling the cross-linking mechanisms for tissue engineering applications. Biofabrication 2022; 14. [PMID: 35504259 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac6c4c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
3D bioprinting of self-supporting stable tissue and organ structure is critically important in extrusion-based bioprinting system, especially for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. However, the development of self-standing bioinks with desired crosslinking density, biocompatibility, tunable mechanical strength and other properties like self-healing, in situ gelation, drug or protein incorporation is still a challenge. In this study, we report a hydrogel bioink prepared from alginate (Alg) and hyaluronic acid (HA) crosslinked through multiple crosslinking mechanisms, i.e., acyl-hydrazone, hydrazide interactions and calcium ions. These Alg-HA gels were highly dynamic and shear-thinning with exceptional biocompatibility and tunable mechanical properties. The increased dynamic nature of the gels is mainly chemically attributed to the presence of acyl-hydrazone bonds formed between the amine groups of the acyl-hydrazide of alginate and the monoaldehyde of the hyaluronic acid. Among the different combinations of Alg-HA gel compositions prepared, the A5H5 (Alginate-acyl-hydrazide: HA-monoaldehyde, ratio 50:50) one showed a gelation time of ~60 s, viscosity of ~400 Pa.s (at zero shear rate), high stability in various pH solutions and increased degradation time (>50 days) than the other samples. The A5H5 gels showed high printability with increased post-printing stability as observed from the 3D printed structures (e.g., hollow tube (~100 layers), porous cube (~50 layers), star, heart-in, meniscus and lattice). The scanning electron microscopy analysis of the 3D constructs and hydrogels showed the interconnected pores (~181 µm) and crosslinked networks. Further, the gels showed sustained release of 5-amino salicylic acid and bovine serum albumin. Also, the mechanical properties were tuned by secondary crosslinking via different calcium concentrations. In vitro assays confirmed the cytocompatibility of these gels, where the 3D bioprinted lattice and tubular (~70 layers) constructs demonstrated high cell viability under fluorescence analysis. In in vivo studies, Alg-HA gel showed high biocompatibility (>90%) and increased angiogenesis (3 folds) and reduced macrophage infiltration (2-fold decrease), demonstrating the promising potential of these hydrogels in 3D bioprinting applications for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine with tunable properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopinathan Janarthanan
- Dept of chemical and biomolecular engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology (Seoul Tech), 223-1, 6-Chungun Hall, Gongneung-ro 232, Nowon-Gu, Seoul 01811, Nowon-gu, 01811, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Jung Hyun Kim
- Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Gongnung-ro 232, Nowon-gu, Chung Hall 223-1, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01811, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - In-Gul Kim
- Seoul National University Hospital, 101, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Seoul, 03080, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Chibum Lee
- Mechanical System Design Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Frontier Bldg, RM904, 232 Gongreung-Ro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul, 01811, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Eun-Jae Chung
- Seoul National University Hospital, 101, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Jongno-gu, 03080, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Insup Noh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 172 Gongnung-dong,, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 139-743, Korea, Nowon-gu, 01811, Korea (the Republic of)
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Wang Y, Cui H, Esworthy T, Mei D, Wang Y, Zhang LG. Emerging 4D Printing Strategies for Next-Generation Tissue Regeneration and Medical Devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2109198. [PMID: 34951494 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202109198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The rapid development of 3D printing has led to considerable progress in the field of biomedical engineering. Notably, 4D printing provides a potential strategy to achieve a time-dependent physical change within tissue scaffolds or replicate the dynamic biological behaviors of native tissues for smart tissue regeneration and the fabrication of medical devices. The fabricated stimulus-responsive structures can offer dynamic, reprogrammable deformation or actuation to mimic complex physical, biochemical, and mechanical processes of native tissues. Although there is notable progress made in the development of the 4D printing approach for various biomedical applications, its more broad-scale adoption for clinical use and tissue engineering purposes is complicated by a notable limitation of printable smart materials and the simplistic nature of achievable responses possible with current sources of stimulation. In this review, the recent progress made in the field of 4D printing by discussing the various printing mechanisms that are achieved with great emphasis on smart ink mechanisms of 4D actuation, construct structural design, and printing technologies, is highlighted. Recent 4D printing studies which focus on the applications of tissue/organ regeneration and medical devices are then summarized. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives of 4D printing are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronics Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Haitao Cui
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Timothy Esworthy
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Deqing Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronics Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yancheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronics Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Lijie Grace Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
- Department of Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
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41
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Ze Y, Li Y, Huang L, Shi Y, Li P, Gong P, Lin J, Yao Y. Biodegradable Inks in Indirect Three-Dimensional Bioprinting for Tissue Vascularization. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:856398. [PMID: 35402417 PMCID: PMC8990266 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.856398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mature vasculature is important for the survival of bioengineered tissue constructs, both in vivo and in vitro; however, the fabrication of fully vascularized tissue constructs remains a great challenge in tissue engineering. Indirect three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting refers to a 3D printing technique that can rapidly fabricate scaffolds with controllable internal pores, cavities, and channels through the use of sacrificial molds. It has attracted much attention in recent years owing to its ability to create complex vascular network-like channels through thick tissue constructs while maintaining endothelial cell activity. Biodegradable materials play a crucial role in tissue engineering. Scaffolds made of biodegradable materials act as temporary templates, interact with cells, integrate with native tissues, and affect the results of tissue remodeling. Biodegradable ink selection, especially the choice of scaffold and sacrificial materials in indirect 3D bioprinting, has been the focus of several recent studies. The major objective of this review is to summarize the basic characteristics of biodegradable materials commonly used in indirect 3D bioprinting for vascularization, and to address recent advances in applying this technique to the vascularization of different tissues. Furthermore, the review describes how indirect 3D bioprinting creates blood vessels and vascularized tissue constructs by introducing the methodology and biodegradable ink selection. With the continuous improvement of biodegradable materials in the future, indirect 3D bioprinting will make further contributions to the development of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Ze
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanxi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Linyang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yixin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peiran Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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42
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Germain N, Dhayer M, Dekiouk S, Marchetti P. Current Advances in 3D Bioprinting for Cancer Modeling and Personalized Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073432. [PMID: 35408789 PMCID: PMC8998835 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells evolve in a complex and heterogeneous environment composed of different cell types and an extracellular matrix. Current 2D culture methods are very limited in their ability to mimic the cancer cell environment. In recent years, various 3D models of cancer cells have been developed, notably in the form of spheroids/organoids, using scaffold or cancer-on-chip devices. However, these models have the disadvantage of not being able to precisely control the organization of multiple cell types in complex architecture and are sometimes not very reproducible in their production, and this is especially true for spheroids. Three-dimensional bioprinting can produce complex, multi-cellular, and reproducible constructs in which the matrix composition and rigidity can be adapted locally or globally to the tumor model studied. For these reasons, 3D bioprinting seems to be the technique of choice to mimic the tumor microenvironment in vivo as closely as possible. In this review, we discuss different 3D-bioprinting technologies, including bioinks and crosslinkers that can be used for in vitro cancer models and the techniques used to study cells grown in hydrogels; finally, we provide some applications of bioprinted cancer models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Germain
- UMR 9020–UMR-S 1277–Canther–Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Institut de Recherche Contre le Cancer de Lille, University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.D.); (S.D.)
- Banque de Tissus, Centre de Biologie-Pathologie, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
- Correspondence: (N.G.); (P.M.); Tel.: +33-3-20-16-92-20 (P.M.)
| | - Melanie Dhayer
- UMR 9020–UMR-S 1277–Canther–Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Institut de Recherche Contre le Cancer de Lille, University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.D.); (S.D.)
| | - Salim Dekiouk
- UMR 9020–UMR-S 1277–Canther–Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Institut de Recherche Contre le Cancer de Lille, University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.D.); (S.D.)
| | - Philippe Marchetti
- UMR 9020–UMR-S 1277–Canther–Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Institut de Recherche Contre le Cancer de Lille, University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.D.); (S.D.)
- Banque de Tissus, Centre de Biologie-Pathologie, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
- Correspondence: (N.G.); (P.M.); Tel.: +33-3-20-16-92-20 (P.M.)
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Saxena A, Sharda S, Kumar S, Kumar B, Shirodkar S, Dahiya P, Sahney R. Synthesis of Alginate Nanogels with Polyvalent 3D Transition Metal Cations: Applications in Urease Immobilization. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14071277. [PMID: 35406151 PMCID: PMC9002911 DOI: 10.3390/polym14071277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Biocompatible nanogels are highly in demand and have the potential to be used in various applications, e.g., for the encapsulation of sensitive biomacromolecules. In the present study, we have developed water-in-oil microemulsions of sodium alginate sol/hexane/Span 20 as a template for controlled synthesis of alginate nanogels, cross-linked with 3d transition metal cations (Mn2+, Fe3+, and Co2+). The results suggest that the stable template of 110 nm dimensions can be obtained by microemulsion technique using Span 20 at concentrations of 10mM and above, showing a zeta potential of −57.3 mV. A comparison of the effects of the cross-links on the morphology, surface charge, protein (urease enzyme) encapsulation properties, and stability of the resulting nanogels were studied. Alginate nanogels, cross-linked with Mn2+, Fe3+, or Co2+ did not show any gradation in the hydrodynamic diameter. The shape of alginate nanogels, cross-linked with Mn2+ or Co2+, were spherical; whereas, nanogels cross-linked with Fe3+ (Fe–alginate) were non-spherical and rice-shaped. The zeta potential, enzyme loading efficiency, and enzyme activity of Fe–alginate was the highest among all the nanogels studied. It was found that the morphology of particles influenced the percent immobilization, loading capacity, and loading efficiency of encapsulated enzymes. These particles are promising candidates for biosensing and efficient drug delivery due to their relatively high loading capacity, biocompatibility, easy fabrication, and easy handling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Saxena
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201303, India; (A.S.); (S.S.); (B.K.); (S.S.); (P.D.)
| | - Shivani Sharda
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201303, India; (A.S.); (S.S.); (B.K.); (S.S.); (P.D.)
| | - Sumit Kumar
- Radioanalytical Chemistry Division, Radiological Laboratories, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 40008, India;
| | - Benu Kumar
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201303, India; (A.S.); (S.S.); (B.K.); (S.S.); (P.D.)
| | - Sheetal Shirodkar
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201303, India; (A.S.); (S.S.); (B.K.); (S.S.); (P.D.)
| | - Praveen Dahiya
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201303, India; (A.S.); (S.S.); (B.K.); (S.S.); (P.D.)
| | - Rachana Sahney
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201303, India; (A.S.); (S.S.); (B.K.); (S.S.); (P.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-9810-2820-38
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Kim D, Kim M, Lee J, Jang J. Review on Multicomponent Hydrogel Bioinks Based on Natural Biomaterials for Bioprinting 3D Liver Tissues. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:764682. [PMID: 35237569 PMCID: PMC8884173 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.764682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D)-printed in vitro tissue models have been used in various biomedical fields owing to numerous advantages such as enhancements in cell response and functionality. In liver tissue engineering, several studies have been reported using 3D-printed liver tissue models with improved cellular responses and functions in drug screening, liver disease, and liver regenerative medicine. However, the application of conventional single-component bioinks for the printing of 3D in vitro liver constructs remains problematic because of the complex structural and physiological characteristics of the liver. The use of multicomponent bioinks has become an attractive strategy for bioprinting 3D functional in vitro liver tissue models because of the various advantages of multicomponent bioinks, such as improved mechanical properties of the printed tissue construct and cell functionality. Therefore, it is essential to review various 3D bioprinting techniques and multicomponent hydrogel bioinks proposed for liver tissue engineering to suggest future directions for liver tissue engineering. Accordingly, we herein review multicomponent bioinks for 3D-bioprinted liver tissues. We first describe the fabrication methods capable of printing multicomponent bioinks and introduce considerations for bioprinting. We subsequently categorize and evaluate the materials typically utilized for multicomponent bioinks based on their characteristics. In addition, we also review recent studies for the application of multicomponent bioinks to fabricate in vitro liver tissue models. Finally, we discuss the limitations of current studies and emphasize aspects that must be resolved to enhance the future applicability of such bioinks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daekeun Kim
- Department of Convergence IT Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, South Korea
| | - Minseok Kim
- Department of Mechanical System Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi, South Korea.,Department of Aeronautics, Mechanical and Electronic Convergence Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi, South Korea
| | - Jongwan Lee
- Department of Convergence IT Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, South Korea
| | - Jinah Jang
- Department of Convergence IT Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, South Korea.,School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, South Korea.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, South Korea.,Institute of Convergence Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
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Im S, Choe G, Seok JM, Yeo SJ, Lee JH, Kim WD, Lee JY, Park SA. An osteogenic bioink composed of alginate, cellulose nanofibrils, and polydopamine nanoparticles for 3D bioprinting and bone tissue engineering. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 205:520-529. [PMID: 35217077 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Bioprinting is an emerging technology for manufacturing cell-laden three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds, which are used to fabricate complex 3D constructs and provide specific microenvironments for supporting cell growth and differentiation. The development of bioinks with appropriate printability and specific bioactivities is crucial for bioprinting and tissue engineering applications, including bone tissue regeneration. Therefore, to produce functional bioinks for osteoblast printing and bone tissue formation, we formulated various nanocomposite hydrogel-based bioinks using natural and biocompatible biomaterials (i.e., alginate, tempo-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (TOCNF), and polydopamine nanoparticles (PDANPs)). Rheological studies and printability tests revealed that bioinks containing 1.5% alginate and 1.5% TOCNF in the presence or absence of PDANP (0.5%) are suitable for 3D printing. Furthermore, in vitro studies of 3D-printed osteoblast-laden scaffolds indicated that the 0.5% PDANP-incorporated bioink induced significant osteogenesis. Overall, the bioink consisting of alginate, TOCNF, and PDANPs exhibited excellent printability and bioactivity (i.e., osteogenesis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghyun Im
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), 156 Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 304-343, Republic of Korea; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Goeun Choe
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Min Seok
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), 156 Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 304-343, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Ju Yeo
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), 156 Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 304-343, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hee Lee
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), 156 Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 304-343, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Doo Kim
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), 156 Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 304-343, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Young Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Su A Park
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), 156 Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 304-343, Republic of Korea.
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Bonany M, del-Mazo-Barbara L, Espanol M, Ginebra MP. Microsphere incorporation as a strategy to tune the biological performance of bioinks. J Tissue Eng 2022; 13:20417314221119895. [PMID: 36199978 PMCID: PMC9527984 DOI: 10.1177/20417314221119895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although alginate is widely used as a matrix in the formulation of cell-laden inks, this polymer often requires laborious processing strategies due to its lack of cell adhesion moieties. The main objective of the present work was to explore the incorporation of microspheres into alginate-based bioinks as a simple and tuneable way to solve the cell adhesion problems, while adding extra biological functionality and improving their mechanical properties. To this end, three types of microspheres with different mineral contents (i.e. gelatine with 0% of hydroxyapatite, gelatine with 25 wt% of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and 100 wt% of calcium -deficient hydroxyapatite) were synthesised and incorporated into the formulation of cell-laden inks. The results showed that the addition of microspheres generally improved the rheological properties of the ink, favoured cell proliferation and positively affected osteogenic cell differentiation. Furthermore, this differentiation was found to be influenced by the type of microsphere and the ability of the cells to migrate towards them, which was highly dependent on the stiffness of the bioink. In this regard, Ca2+ supplementation in the cell culture medium had a pronounced effect on the relaxation of the stiffness of these cell-loaded inks, influencing the overall cell performance. In conclusion, we have developed a powerful and tuneable strategy for the fabrication of alginate-based bioinks with enhanced biological characteristics by incorporating microspheres into the initial ink formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mar Bonany
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain
- Barcelona Research Centre in Multiscale Science and Engineering, UPC, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center (CREB), UPC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura del-Mazo-Barbara
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain
- Barcelona Research Centre in Multiscale Science and Engineering, UPC, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center (CREB), UPC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Espanol
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain
- Barcelona Research Centre in Multiscale Science and Engineering, UPC, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center (CREB), UPC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria-Pau Ginebra
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain
- Barcelona Research Centre in Multiscale Science and Engineering, UPC, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center (CREB), UPC, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
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47
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O'Shea DG, Curtin CM, O'Brien FJ. Articulation inspired by nature: A review of biomimetic and biologically active 3D printed scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:2462-2483. [PMID: 35355029 PMCID: PMC9113059 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01540k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In the human body, articular cartilage facilitates the frictionless movement of synovial joints. However, due to its avascular and aneural nature, it has a limited ability to self-repair when damaged due to injury or wear and tear over time. Current surgical treatment options for cartilage defects often lead to the formation of fibrous, non-durable tissue and thus a new solution is required. Nature is the best innovator and so recent advances in the field of tissue engineering have aimed to recreate the microenvironment of native articular cartilage using biomaterial scaffolds. However, the inability to mirror the complexity of native tissue has hindered the clinical translation of many products thus far. Fortunately, the advent of 3D printing has provided a potential solution. 3D printed scaffolds, fabricated using biomimetic biomaterials, can be designed to mimic the complex zonal architecture and composition of articular cartilage. The bioinks used to fabricate these scaffolds can also be further functionalised with cells and/or bioactive factors or gene therapeutics to mirror the cellular composition of the native tissue. Thus, this review investigates how the architecture and composition of native articular cartilage is inspiring the design of biomimetic bioinks for 3D printing of scaffolds for cartilage repair. Subsequently, we discuss how these 3D printed scaffolds can be further functionalised with cells and bioactive factors, as well as looking at future prospects in this field. The tissue engineering triad of biomaterials, cells and therapeutics as it applies to the formulation of biomimetic bioinks for cartilage repair. These bioinks can be functionalised with cells or cellular therapeutics to promote cartilage repair.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Donagh G O'Shea
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), RCSI and TCD, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Caroline M Curtin
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), RCSI and TCD, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fergal J O'Brien
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), RCSI and TCD, Dublin, Ireland
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Bertassoni LE. Bioprinting of Complex Multicellular Organs with Advanced Functionality-Recent Progress and Challenges Ahead. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2101321. [PMID: 35060652 PMCID: PMC10171718 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202101321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Bioprinting has emerged as one of the most promising strategies for fabrication of functional organs in the lab as an alternative to transplant organs. While progress in the field has mostly been restricted to a few miniaturized tissues with minimal biological functionality until a few years ago, recent progress has advanced the concept of building three-dimensional multicellular organ complexity remarkably. This review discusses a series of milestones that have paved the way for bioprinting of tissue constructs that have advanced levels of biological and architectural functionality. Critical materials, engineering and biological challenges that are key to addressing the desirable function of engineered organs are presented. These are discussed in light of the many difficulties to replicate the heterotypic organization of multicellular solid organs, the nanoscale precision of the extracellular microenvironment in hierarchical tissues, as well as the advantages and limitations of existing bioprinting methods to adequately overcome these barriers. In summary, the advances of the field toward realistic manufacturing of functional organs have never been so extensive, and this manuscript serves as a road map for some of the recent progress and the challenges ahead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz E Bertassoni
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research (CEDAR), Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
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Masri S, Zawani M, Zulkiflee I, Salleh A, Fadilah NIM, Maarof M, Wen APY, Duman F, Tabata Y, Aziz IA, Bt Hj Idrus R, Fauzi MB. Cellular Interaction of Human Skin Cells towards Natural Bioink via 3D-Bioprinting Technologies for Chronic Wound: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:476. [PMID: 35008902 PMCID: PMC8745539 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin substitutes can provide a temporary or permanent treatment option for chronic wounds. The selection of skin substitutes depends on several factors, including the type of wound and its severity. Full-thickness skin grafts (SGs) require a well-vascularised bed and sometimes will lead to contraction and scarring formation. Besides, donor sites for full-thickness skin grafts are very limited if the wound area is big, and it has been proven to have the lowest survival rate compared to thick- and thin-split thickness. Tissue engineering technology has introduced new advanced strategies since the last decades to fabricate the composite scaffold via the 3D-bioprinting approach as a tissue replacement strategy. Considering the current global donor shortage for autologous split-thickness skin graft (ASSG), skin 3D-bioprinting has emerged as a potential alternative to replace the ASSG treatment. The three-dimensional (3D)-bioprinting technique yields scaffold fabrication with the combination of biomaterials and cells to form bioinks. Thus, the essential key factor for success in 3D-bioprinting is selecting and developing suitable bioinks to maintain the mechanisms of cellular activity. This crucial stage is vital to mimic the native extracellular matrix (ECM) for the sustainability of cell viability before tissue regeneration. This comprehensive review outlined the application of the 3D-bioprinting technique to develop skin tissue regeneration. The cell viability of human skin cells, dermal fibroblasts (DFs), and keratinocytes (KCs) during in vitro testing has been further discussed prior to in vivo application. It is essential to ensure the printed tissue/organ constantly allows cellular activities, including cell proliferation rate and migration capacity. Therefore, 3D-bioprinting plays a vital role in developing a complex skin tissue structure for tissue replacement approach in future precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syafira Masri
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Mazlan Zawani
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Izzat Zulkiflee
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Atiqah Salleh
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Nur Izzah Md Fadilah
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Manira Maarof
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Adzim Poh Yuen Wen
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Fatih Duman
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Erciyes, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Yasuhiko Tabata
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Frontier Medical Science, Kyoto University, 53 Kawara-cho Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Izhar Abd Aziz
- 3D Gens Sdn Bhd, 18, Jalan Kerawang U8/108, Bukit Jelutong, Shah Alam 40150, Malaysia
| | - Ruszymah Bt Hj Idrus
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Mh Busra Fauzi
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
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50
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Piras CC, Kay AG, Genever PG, Fitremann J, Smith DK. Self-assembled gel tubes, filaments and 3D-printing with in situ metal nanoparticle formation and enhanced stem cell growth. Chem Sci 2022; 13:1972-1981. [PMID: 35308847 PMCID: PMC8848986 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06062g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper reports simple strategies to fabricate self-assembled artificial tubular and filamentous systems from a low molecular weight gelator (LMWG). In the first strategy, tubular ‘core–shell’ gel structures based on the dibenzylidenesorbitol-based LMWG DBS-CONHNH2 were made in combination with the polymer gelator (PG) calcium alginate. In the second approach, gel filaments based on DBS-CONHNH2 alone were prepared by wet spinning at elevated concentrations using a ‘solvent-switch’ approach. The higher concentrations used in wet-spinning prevent the need for a supporting PG. Furthermore, this can be extended into a 3D-printing method, with the printed LMWG objects showing excellent stability for at least a week in water. The LMWG retains its unique ability for in situ precious metal reduction, yielding Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) within the tubes and filaments when they are exposed to AuCl3 solutions. Since the gel filaments have a higher loading of DBS-CONHNH2, they can be loaded with significantly more AuNPs. Cytotoxicity and viability studies on human mesenchymal stem cells show that the DBS-CONHNH2 and DBS-CONHNH2/alginate hybrid gels loaded with AuNPs are biocompatible, with the presence of AuNPs enhancing stem cell metabolism. Taken together, these results indicate that DBS-CONHNH2 can be shaped and 3D-printed, and has considerable potential for use in tissue engineering applications. Simple fabrication and 3D-printing methods are used to generate tubes and filaments from self-assembled gels, which can be loaded in situ with gold nanoparticles, with the resulting gels encouraging stem cell proliferation.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen C. Piras
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Alasdair G. Kay
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Paul G. Genever
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Juliette Fitremann
- IMRCP, UMR 5623, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - David K. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
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