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Adilbekova B, Scaccabarozzi AD, Faber H, Nugraha MI, Bruevich V, Kaltsas D, Naphade DR, Wehbe N, Emwas AH, Alshareef HN, Podzorov V, Martín J, Tsetseris L, Anthopoulos TD. Enhancing the Electrical Conductivity and Long-Term Stability of PEDOT:PSS Electrodes through Sequential Treatment with Nitric Acid and Cesium Chloride. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2405094. [PMID: 39097951 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202405094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Solution-processable poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is an important polymeric conductor used extensively in organic flexible, wearable, and stretchable optoelectronics. However, further enhancing its conductivity and long-term stability while maintaining its superb mechanical properties remains challenging. Here, a novel post-treatment approach to enhance the electrical properties and stability of sub-20-nm-thin PEDOT:PSS films processed from solution is introduced. The approach involves a sequential post-treatment with HNO3 and CsCl, resulting in a remarkable enhancement of the electrical conductivity of PEDOT:PSS films to over 5500 S cm-1, along with improved carrier mobility. The post-treated films exhibit remarkable air stability, retaining over 85% of their initial conductivity even after 270 days of storage. Various characterization techniques, including X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Hall effect measurements, and grazing incidence wide angle X-ray scattering, coupled with density functional theory calculations, provide insights into the structural changes and interactions responsible for these improvements. To demonstrate the potential for practical applications, the ultrathin PEDOT:PSS films are connected to an inorganic light-emitting diode with a battery, showcasing their suitability as transparent electrodes. This work presents a promising approach for enhancing the electrical conductivity of PEDOT:PSS while offering a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms that can guide further advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Begimai Adilbekova
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alberto D Scaccabarozzi
- Center for Nano Science and Technology (CNST), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Raffaele Rubattino, 81, Milan, 20134, Italy
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Edificio 8, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - Hendrik Faber
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamad Insan Nugraha
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Nanotechnology Systems, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), South Tangerang, Banten, 15314, Indonesia
| | - Vladimir Bruevich
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 136 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854-8019, USA
| | - Dimitris Kaltsas
- Department of Physics, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, 15718, Greece
| | - Dipti R Naphade
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nimer Wehbe
- Imaging and Characterization Core Lab, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul-Hamid Emwas
- Imaging and Characterization Core Lab, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Husam N Alshareef
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vitaly Podzorov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 136 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854-8019, USA
| | - Jaime Martín
- Centro de Investigación en Tecnoloxías Navais e Industriais (CITENI), Universidade da Coruña, Campus de Esteiro s/n, Ferrol, 15403, Spain
| | - Leonidas Tsetseris
- Department of Physics, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, 15718, Greece
| | - Thomas D Anthopoulos
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
- Henry Royce Institute, Photon Science Institute, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
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2
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Çatoğlu F, Altınışık S, Koyuncu S. Comparative Study of Electrochromic Supercapacitor Electrodes Based on PEDOT:PSS/ITO Fabricated via Spray and Electrospray Methods. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:32107-32115. [PMID: 39072065 PMCID: PMC11270695 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c04235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
PEDOT PSS stands out as a leading commercial conducting polymer due to its excellent water dispersibility, controllable miscibility, adjustable conductivity, and ability to form films through various techniques. This study investigates the electrochemical and electrochromic performance of electrodes prepared by depositing PEDOT:PSS onto ITO surfaces by using two distinct methods: conventional spray coating and electrospray deposition. Detailed characterization of the prepared electrodes was performed by using atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared, and Raman spectroscopy techniques. Our findings reveal that electrodes fabricated via electrospray deposition (PEDOT:PSS/ITO electrode_2) significantly outperform those made by spray coating (PEDOT:PSS/ITO electrode_1). Specifically, electrode_2 exhibits a capacitance of 1678.60 μF cm-2, compared to 826.14 μF cm-2 for electrode_1, at a current density of 10 μA cm-2. PEDOT PSS electrodes exhibit areal energy densities of 0.41 and 0.84 mW h cm-2, along with power densities of 4.96 and 4.97 μW cm-2, respectively. Moreover, electrode_2 demonstrates a high coloration efficiency of 84.32 cm2 C-1 and fast response times of 1.36 s for coloration and 0.98 s for bleaching. This study highlights the advantages of electrospray deposition over traditional methods, showcasing the potential of electrospray-prepared PEDOT:PSS electrodes for use in multifunctional energy storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahri Çatoğlu
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Canakkale Onsekiz
Mart University, 17100 Canakkale, Türkiye
- Department
of Energy Resources and Management, Canakkale
Onsekiz Mart University, 17100 Canakkale, Türkiye
| | - Sinem Altınışık
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Canakkale Onsekiz
Mart University, 17100 Canakkale, Türkiye
- Department
of Energy Resources and Management, Canakkale
Onsekiz Mart University, 17100 Canakkale, Türkiye
| | - Sermet Koyuncu
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Canakkale Onsekiz
Mart University, 17100 Canakkale, Türkiye
- Department
of Energy Resources and Management, Canakkale
Onsekiz Mart University, 17100 Canakkale, Türkiye
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3
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Yurkiv V, Wang X, Kim Y, Pan Y, Mashayek F, Yarin AL. Ab initio modeling and experimental analysis of electronic conductivity in PEDOT:PSS-PEO films for extrusion-based manufacturing. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 674:128-138. [PMID: 38917713 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.06.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a combination of ab initio modeling and experimental analysis is presented to investigate and elucidate the electronic conductivity of films composed of conducting polymer blend PEDOT:PSS-PEO. Detailed density functional theory (DFT) calculations, aligned with experimental data, aided at profound understanding of the chemical composition, band structure, and the mechanical behavior of these composite materials. Systematic evaluation across diverse ratios of PEDOT, PSS, and PEO revealed a pronounced transformation in electronic properties. Specifically, the addition of PEO into the polymer matrix remarkably changes the band gap, with a marked alteration observed near a PEO concentration of 52 wt-%. This adjustment led to a substantial enhancement in the electrical conductivity, exhibiting an increase by a factor of approximately 20, compared to the original PEDOT:PSS polymer. The present investigation determined the crucial role of the PEDOT to PSS ratio in band gap determination, emphasizing its significant impact on the material's electrical conductivity. Concurrently, the mechanical property analysis unveiled a consistent increase in Young's modulus, reaching up to 765.93 MPa with increased PEO content, signifying a notable mechanical stiffening of the blend. The obtained combined theoretical and experimental insights illustrate a detailed perspective on the conductivity anomalies observed in PEDOT:PSS-PEO systems, establishing a robust framework for designing highly conducting and mechanically stable polymer blends. This comprehensive approach elucidates the interplay between chemical composition and electronic behavior, offering a strategic pathway for extrusion-based manufacturing techniques such as Direct Ink Writing (DIW).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaliy Yurkiv
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
| | - Xinnian Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Yongil Kim
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Yayue Pan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Farzad Mashayek
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Alexander L Yarin
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA; School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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4
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Blau R, Abdal A, Root N, Chen AX, Rafeedi T, Ramji R, Qie Y, Kim T, Navarro A, Chin J, Becerra LL, Edmunds SJ, Russman SM, Dayeh SA, Fenning DP, Rouw R, Lipomi DJ. Conductive block copolymer elastomers and psychophysical thresholding for accurate haptic effects. Sci Robot 2024; 9:eadk3925. [PMID: 38865475 DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.adk3925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Electrotactile stimulus is a form of sensory substitution in which an electrical signal is perceived as a mechanical sensation. The electrotactile effect could, in principle, recapitulate a range of tactile experience by selective activation of nerve endings. However, the method has been plagued by inconsistency, galvanic reactions, pain and desensitization, and unwanted stimulation of nontactile nerves. Here, we describe how a soft conductive block copolymer, a stretchable layout, and concentric electrodes, along with psychophysical thresholding, can circumvent these shortcomings. These purpose-designed materials, device layouts, and calibration techniques make it possible to generate accurate and reproducible sensations across a cohort of 10 human participants and to do so at ultralow currents (≥6 microamperes) without pain or desensitization. This material, form factor, and psychophysical approach could be useful for haptic devices and as a tool for activation of the peripheral nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Blau
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Abdulhameed Abdal
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas Root
- Brain and Cognition, Psychology Department, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Alexander X Chen
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tarek Rafeedi
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Robert Ramji
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yi Qie
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Taewoo Kim
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Anthony Navarro
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jason Chin
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Laura L Becerra
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Samuel J Edmunds
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Samantha M Russman
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Shadi A Dayeh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - David P Fenning
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Romke Rouw
- Brain and Cognition, Psychology Department, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Darren J Lipomi
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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5
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Ramos Canabarra Dos Santos T, de Jesus Bassi M, Muller de França M, Majewski JK, Barcote MVW, Stanislawczuk AEP, Roman LS. Gas Sensor Based on Highly Effective Slot-Die Printed PEDOT:PSS@ZnO Hybrid Nanocomposite for Methanol Detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38832687 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c03131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
This study presents the development of gas sensors based on the PEDOT:PSS@ZnO hybrid active layer slot-die printing aqueous ink. Two different zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were studied to form the nanocomposites, as well as the use of glass and PET substrates to manufacture the devices. Despite the influence of the morphology of the active layer, all device variations studied here exhibited high response values for methanol gas at room temperature, in addition to presenting good repeatability, reversibility, and the possibility of technology transfer to flexible substrates. Furthermore, PEDOT:PSS@ZnO showed good selectivity to methanol compared to ethanol, ammonia, and CO2. The best devices showed responses greater than 700% in detecting methanol.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maiara de Jesus Bassi
- DiNE - Nanostructured Devices Laboratory at Physics Department, Federal University of Paraná, 81531-980 Curitiba, Brazil
- Next Chemical, João Chede, 2245, 81170-220 Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Morgana Muller de França
- DiNE - Nanostructured Devices Laboratory at Physics Department, Federal University of Paraná, 81531-980 Curitiba, Brazil
- PIPE - Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Paraná, 81531-980 Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Júlia Ketzer Majewski
- DiNE - Nanostructured Devices Laboratory at Physics Department, Federal University of Paraná, 81531-980 Curitiba, Brazil
- Next Chemical, João Chede, 2245, 81170-220 Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Marcos Vinícius Woiski Barcote
- DiNE - Nanostructured Devices Laboratory at Physics Department, Federal University of Paraná, 81531-980 Curitiba, Brazil
- Next Chemical, João Chede, 2245, 81170-220 Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - Lucimara Stolz Roman
- DiNE - Nanostructured Devices Laboratory at Physics Department, Federal University of Paraná, 81531-980 Curitiba, Brazil
- PIPE - Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Paraná, 81531-980 Curitiba, Brazil
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6
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Liu G, Huang Z, Xu J, Zhang B, Lin T, He P. Simple and Efficient Synthesis of Ruthenium(III) PEDOT:PSS Complexes for High-Performance Stretchable and Transparent Supercapacitors. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:866. [PMID: 38786821 PMCID: PMC11124221 DOI: 10.3390/nano14100866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
In the evolving landscape of portable electronics, there is a critical demand for components that meld stretchability with optical transparency, especially in supercapacitors. Traditional materials fall short in harmonizing conductivity, stretchability, transparency, and capacity. Although poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) stands out as an exemplary candidate, further performance enhancements are necessary to meet the demands of practical applications. This study presents an innovative and effective method for enhancing electrochemical properties by homogeneously incorporating Ru(III) into PEDOT:PSS. These Ru(III) PEDOT:PSS complexes are readily synthesized by dipping PEDOT:PSS films in RuCl3 solution for no longer than one minute, leveraging the high specific capacitance of Ru(III) while minimizing interference with transmittance. The supercapacitor made with this Ru(III) PEDOT:PSS complex demonstrated an areal capacitance of 1.62 mF cm-2 at a transmittance of 73.5%, which was 155% higher than that of the supercapacitor made with PEDOT:PSS under comparable transparency. Notably, the supercapacitor retained 87.8% of its initial capacitance even under 20% tensile strain across 20,000 cycles. This work presents a blueprint for developing stretchable and transparent supercapacitors, marking a significant stride toward next-generation wearable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Welding & Joining of Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (G.L.); (Z.H.); (J.X.)
| | - Zhao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Welding & Joining of Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (G.L.); (Z.H.); (J.X.)
| | - Jiujie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Welding & Joining of Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (G.L.); (Z.H.); (J.X.)
| | - Bowen Zhang
- School of Electrical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300350, China;
| | - Tiesong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Welding & Joining of Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (G.L.); (Z.H.); (J.X.)
| | - Peng He
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Welding & Joining of Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (G.L.); (Z.H.); (J.X.)
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7
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Smołka S, Patel T, Pluczyk-Małek S, Turczyn R, Krukiewicz K. Iodonium-based pro-adhesive layers for robust adhesion of PEDOT:PSS to surfaces. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2024; 25:2338786. [PMID: 38680949 PMCID: PMC11047218 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2024.2338786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical grafting of organic molecules to metal surfaces has been well-known as an efficient tool enabling tailored modification of surface at the nanoscale. Among many compounds with the ability to undergo the process of electrografting, iodonium salts belong to less frequently used, especially when compared with the most popular diazonium salts. Meanwhile, due to their increased stability, iodonium salts may be used in situations where the use of diazonium salts is constrained. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of the electrochemical reduction of iodonium salts on the physicochemical properties of Pt electrodes, and the possibility to form pro-adhesive layers facilitating further functionalization purposes. Consequently, we have selected four commercially available iodonium salts (diphenyliodonium chloride, bis(4-tertbutylphenyl)iodonium hexafluorophosphate, (4-nitrophenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)iodonium triflate, bis(4-methylphenyl)iodonium hexafluorophosphate), and attached them to the surface of Pt electrodes by means of an electrochemical reduction process. As-formed layers were then extensively characterized in terms of wettability, roughness and charge transfer properties, and used as pro-adhesive coatings prior to the deposition of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate), PEDOT:PSS. Due to the increase in hydrophilicity and roughness, modified electrodes increased the stability of PEDOT:PSS coating while maintaining its high capacitance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szymon Smołka
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Taral Patel
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
- Joint Doctoral School, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Sandra Pluczyk-Małek
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
- Centre for Organic and Nanohybrid Electronics, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Roman Turczyn
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
- Centre for Organic and Nanohybrid Electronics, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Krukiewicz
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
- Centre for Organic and Nanohybrid Electronics, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
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8
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Saini N, Lee DY, Yoon MH, Awasthi K. Unveiling the Potential of Pt Nanoparticle-Decorated PEDOT:PSS Membranes for Efficient Gas Separation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:7700-7708. [PMID: 38289231 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
In the dynamic landscape of industrial processes, membrane technology offers a paradigm shift beyond energy-intensive separation techniques, exemplifying a progressive leap toward sustainability. In this regard, highly flexible and uniform poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS)-engineered membranes at a reduced thickness have been fabricated on track-etched poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) substrates. The membranes were functionalized and embedded with platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) having a higher affinity toward H2 gas. The materials and fabricated membranes were characterized by using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) techniques for morphological and structural analysis. FTIR and Raman characterizations were performed to study the characteristic bonds. The uniformity and quantification of Pt nanoparticle binding were tested through inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) studies and FESEM with EDS mapping. The gas separation performance was studied using H2, N2, and CO2 gases in pure and mixed (H2/CO2 in 50:50) states. It was observed that the modified membrane showed a 116% increment in H2 permeability and 82 and 107% increment in H2/CO2 and H2/N2 selectivity values with pure gas, while a 121% increment in H2 permeability and 156% increment in H2/CO2 selectivity using mixed gas. The separation performance in pure and mixed gas states with repeated experiments conspicuously highlighted their prospective viability as prime contenders for gas separation applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishel Saini
- Department of Physics, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur 302017, India
| | - Da-Young Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Han Yoon
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Kamlendra Awasthi
- Department of Physics, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur 302017, India
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9
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Tan P, Ren D, Han Y. Full-Color-Adjustable Nanophotonic Device Adopting Electrochromic Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Thin Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:2614-2623. [PMID: 38178791 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Intercalation-based organic polymers that shift their colors during ion insertion and extraction provide a significant basis for existing electrochromic technology. Nevertheless, the complexity of modifying the structure in the skeleton or combining several diverse polymers to produce a full-color range has restricted the practical applications of electrochromic materials. Herein, we demonstrate two configurations of the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) Fabry-Perot (F-P) nanocavity-type electrochromic devices fabricated by spray coating lossless PEDOT on the F-P metasurfaces (Cr/ITO/Ag/Cr), which allows full-color response by simply controlling the thickness of dielectric layer indium tin oxide (ITO). However, the reflected light from the PEDOT F-P nanocavity-type electrode can be modulated by electrically controllable optical absorption of PEDOT. Besides, the subtle brightness regulation could be obtained in our F-P nanocavity electrochromic devices via altering the PEDOT thickness. Overall, our results offer a novel perspective for versatile color control of PEDOT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyu Tan
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Thermal Control of Electronic Equipment, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Dengfeng Ren
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Thermal Control of Electronic Equipment, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Yuge Han
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Thermal Control of Electronic Equipment, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
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10
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Li Y, Wang J, Wang H, Di Z, Liu M, Zong X, Li C, Sun Y, Liang M, Sun Z. Transparent PEDOT counter electrodes for bifacial dye-sensitized solar cells using a cobalt complex mediator. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:13482-13485. [PMID: 37881006 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04037b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) aggregate-deposited counter electrodes (CEs) were applied to bifacial dye-sensitized solar cells with a cobalt complex electrolyte. The high transparency and excellent electrochemical activity of PEDOT CEs result in an impressive cell bifaciality of 0.92 under standard test conditions (AM 1.5G, 100 mW cm-2), and maximum power production of 11.3% under realistic conditions with an effective albedo of 50%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China.
| | - Jing Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China.
| | - Hao Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China.
| | - Zhichao Di
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China.
| | - Mingyan Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China.
| | - Xueping Zong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China.
| | - Chunsheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Electrode Materials for Novel Solar Cells for Petroleum and Chemical Industry of China, School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province 215009, P. R. China
| | - Yan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Electrode Materials for Novel Solar Cells for Petroleum and Chemical Industry of China, School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province 215009, P. R. China
| | - Mao Liang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China.
| | - Zhe Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China.
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11
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Qian Y, Zhou P, Wang Y, Zheng Y, Luo Z, Chen L. A PEDOT:PSS/MXene-based actuator with self-powered sensing function by incorporating a photo-thermoelectric generator. RSC Adv 2023; 13:32722-32733. [PMID: 38022765 PMCID: PMC10630741 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06290b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Actuators with sensing functions are becoming increasingly important in the field of soft robotics. However, most of the actuators are lack of self-powered sensing ability, which limits their applications. Here, we report a light-driven actuator with self-powered sensing function, which is designed to incorporate a photo-thermoelectric generator into the actuator based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)/MXene composite and polyimide. The actuator shows a large bending curvature of 1.8 cm-1 under near-infrared light (800 mW cm-2) irradiation for 10 s, which is attribute to photothermal expansion mismatch between PEDOT:PSS/MXene composite and polyimide. Simultaneously, the actuator shows enhanced thermoelectric properties with Seebeck coefficient of 35.7 μV K-1, which are mainly attributed to a combination of energy filtering effects between the PEDOT:PSS and MXene interfaces as well as the synergistic effect of its charge carrier migration. The output voltage of the actuator changes in accordance with the bending curvature, so as to achieve the self-powered sensing function and monitor the operating state of the actuator. Moreover, a bionic flower is fabricated, which not only simulates the blooming and closing of the flower, but also perceives the real-time actuation status through the output voltage signal. Finally, a smart Braille system is elaborately designed, which can not only simulate Braille characters for tactile recognition of the blind people, but also automatically output the voltage signal of Braille for self-powered sensing, enabling multi-channel output and conversion of light energy. This research proposes a new idea for exploring multifunctional actuators, integrated devices and self-powered soft robots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Qian
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Manipulation and New Energy Materials, College of Physics and Energy, Fujian Normal University Fuzhou 350117 China
- Fujian Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced High-Field Superconducting Materials and Engineering Fuzhou 350117 China
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Solar Energy Conversion and Energy Storage Fuzhou 350117 China
| | - Peidi Zhou
- Institute of Smart Marine and Engineering, Fujian University of Technology Fuzhou 350118 China
| | - Yi Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Manipulation and New Energy Materials, College of Physics and Energy, Fujian Normal University Fuzhou 350117 China
- Fujian Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced High-Field Superconducting Materials and Engineering Fuzhou 350117 China
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Solar Energy Conversion and Energy Storage Fuzhou 350117 China
| | - Ying Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics, Fuzhou Second Hospital Fuzhou 350007 China
| | - Zhiling Luo
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Manipulation and New Energy Materials, College of Physics and Energy, Fujian Normal University Fuzhou 350117 China
- Fujian Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced High-Field Superconducting Materials and Engineering Fuzhou 350117 China
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Solar Energy Conversion and Energy Storage Fuzhou 350117 China
| | - Luzhuo Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Manipulation and New Energy Materials, College of Physics and Energy, Fujian Normal University Fuzhou 350117 China
- Fujian Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced High-Field Superconducting Materials and Engineering Fuzhou 350117 China
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Solar Energy Conversion and Energy Storage Fuzhou 350117 China
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12
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Ismail R, Guerra VLP, Kovaříček P. Sequential In-Situ Growth of Layered Conjugated Polymers for Optoelectronics Under Electrochemical Control. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202300280. [PMID: 37503683 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Layered optoelectronic devices are manufactured using multistep procedures that require high precision in the spatial positioning of individual materials. Current technology uses costly and tedious procedures and instrumentation. In this work instead, we propose an approach which exploits the fundamental properties of the substrate to direct the growth of the next layer, here controlled by an electrochemical potential. We have electrochemically synthesized and characterized a series of polymeric materials that are most commonly used in the field. The films produced show gradient monomer ratios embedded in the polymeric film as a function of the distance from the working electrode. Under the optimized conditions, reproducible construction of simple electronic elements, e. g., rectifying diodes, is achieved. We argue that the sequential in situ method leads to gradient composition of polymer chains and the film resulting in the rectification of electric current. We discuss how this system can open new avenues in advanced optoelectronic applications, such as organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) or field-effect transistors (OFETs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rimeh Ismail
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Valentino L P Guerra
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Kovaříček
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
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13
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Nie Y, Ping R, Ji C, Li L, Bao L, Peng J, Li X. Achieving superior high-life-stability and stable structure for flexible fiber electrodes inspired by Bamboo rice dumpling. Electrochim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2023.142352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
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14
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Overoxidized poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-overoxidized polypyrrole composite films with enhanced electrocatalytic ability for rutin and luteolin determination. Front Chem Sci Eng 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-022-2262-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
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15
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Puthiyottil N, Kanakkayil S, Pillai NP, Rajan A, Parambath SK, Krishnamurthy RG, Chatanathodi R, Menamparambath MM. In situ engineering of Au-Ag alloy embedded PEDOT nanohybrids at a solvent/non-solvent interface for the electrochemical enzyme-free detection of histamine. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:1144-1158. [PMID: 36645247 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb02637f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Steadfast efforts have been made to develop novel materials and incorporate them into functional devices for practical applications, pushing the research on electroactive materials to the forefront of nano electronics. Liquid/liquid interface-assisted polymerization offers a scalable methodology to fabricate hybrid materials with multifunctional applications, in contrast to the conventional and ubiquitous routes. Here, we explored this efficient and versatile approach toward the in situ tailoring of Au-Ag alloy nanostructures with a conducting polymer, poly(3,4-ethylene-dioxythiophene) (PEDOT). With the appropriate choice of organic and inorganic phases for the distribution of monomer and oxidant, the miscibility restraints of the reactants in a single phase were alleviated. Effective nanostructure tuning of highly crystalline and electroactive PEDOT/Au-Ag alloy has been achieved by varying the molar ratio of Au3+/Ag+ in the reaction mixture. The as-synthesized composite is further explored to detect neuromodulator histamine (HA), which displays high sensitivity with a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.5 nM, and selectivity even in the presence of various interfering analogs of 10-fold concentration. Subsequently, density functional theory (DFT) simulations are employed to assess the mode of interaction between HA and the electroactive surfaces. The competency to detect HA in preserved food entails its potential in food spoilage monitoring. Furthermore, the detection of histamine generated by sub-cultured human neuronal cells SH-SY5Y proves its practical viability in health monitoring devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesleena Puthiyottil
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut-673601, Kerala, India.
| | - Sameena Kanakkayil
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut-673601, Kerala, India.
| | - Neeraja P Pillai
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut-673601, Kerala, India.
| | - Anju Rajan
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut-673601, Kerala, India
| | | | | | - Raghu Chatanathodi
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut-673601, Kerala, India
| | - Mini Mol Menamparambath
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut-673601, Kerala, India.
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16
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UV and aging effect on the degradation of PEDOT:PSS/nSi films for Hybrid Silicon solar cells. Polym Degrad Stab 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2023.110272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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17
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Kong M, Garriga M, Reparaz JS, Alonso MI. Advanced Optical Characterization of PEDOT:PSS by Combining Spectroscopic Ellipsometry and Raman Scattering. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:39429-39436. [PMID: 36340176 PMCID: PMC9631752 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The optical properties of various PEDOT:PSS films obtained by drop casting and blade coating are analyzed by variable-angle spectroscopic ellipsometry in the visible-UV spectral range. We discuss observed differences in the optical spectra due to PSS content and DMSO treatment and correlate them to structural changes extracted from Raman measurements. In particular, we investigate the optical anisotropy of the complex refractive indices which arises from the in-plane arrangement of the PEDOT backbones, giving rise to optically uniaxial behavior with the optic axis perpendicular to the film plane. Although this is widely accepted, most investigations disregard the anisotropy for simplicity, which sometimes leads to inaccurate conclusions. In this work, we compare the results of isotropic and anisotropic analyses to clarify which kind of errors we can expect if anisotropy is not considered. Finally, the correlation between Raman scattering and ellipsometric analyses shows that not only local structural changes of the chain conformation but also the overall morphology of the composite films are significant in the interpretation of Raman spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghua Kong
- Institut
de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, Bellaterra08193, Spain
| | - Miquel Garriga
- Institut
de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, Bellaterra08193, Spain
| | - Juan Sebastián Reparaz
- Institut
de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, Bellaterra08193, Spain
| | - Maria Isabel Alonso
- Institut
de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, Bellaterra08193, Spain
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18
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Sakane S, Miwa S, Miura T, Munakata K, Ishibe T, Nakamura Y, Tanaka H. Thermoelectric Properties of PEDOT:PSS Containing Connected Copper Selenide Nanowires Synthesized by the Photoreduction Method. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:32101-32107. [PMID: 36120067 PMCID: PMC9476199 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Organic materials have attracted attention for thermoelectric materials reusing low-temperature waste heat. For the thermoelectric performance enhancement of organic materials, the introduction of inorganic nanowires is effective due to the percolation effect. In this study, we synthesized Cu2Se NWs by the photoreduction method and prepared poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly (styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) thin films containing Cu2Se NWs by spin-coating PEDOT:PSS and Cu2Se NWs alternatively. The composite films exhibited a drastic increase in electrical conductivity at more than 40 wt % Cu2Se, and the Cu2Se amount threshold was in good agreement with surface structures as observed by a scanning electron microscope. This indicates that the percolation effect of connected Cu2Se NWs brought high electrical conductivity. As a result, the composite thin films exhibited a higher power factor than the PEDOT:PSS film. This power factor enhancement by the percolation effect would be expected to contribute to the development of thermoelectric performance enhancement for organic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunya Sakane
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27, Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
| | - Shunichiro Miwa
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27, Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
| | - Tatsuki Miura
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27, Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
| | - Kazuki Munakata
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27, Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
| | - Takafumi Ishibe
- Graduate
School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Nakamura
- Graduate
School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Hideki Tanaka
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27, Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
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19
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Marchini E, Orlandi M, Bazzanella N, Boaretto R, Cristino V, Miotello A, Caramori S, Carli S. Electrodeposited PEDOT/Nafion as Catalytic Counter Electrodes for Cobalt and Copper Bipyridyl Redox Mediators in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:29181-29194. [PMID: 36033653 PMCID: PMC9404163 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PEDOT-based counter electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are generally prepared by electrodeposition, which produces polymer films endowed with the best electrocatalytic properties. This translates in fast regeneration of the redox mediator, which allows the solar cell to sustain efficient photoconversion. The sustainable fabrication of DSSCs must consider the scaling up of the entire process, and when possible, it should avoid the use of large amounts of hazardous and/or inflammable chemicals, such as organic solvents for instance. This is why electrodeposition of PEDOT-based counter electrodes should preferably be carried out in aqueous media. In this study, PEDOT/Nafion was electrodeposited on FTO and comparatively evaluated as a catalytic material in DSSCs based on either cobalt or copper electrolytes. Our results show that the electrochemical response of PEDOT/Nafion toward Co(II/III-) or Cu(I/II)-based redox shuttles was comparable to that of PEDOT/ClO4 and significantly superior to that of PEDOT/PSS. In addition, when tested for adhesion, PEDOT/Nafion films were more stable for delamination if compared to PEDOT/ClO4, a feature that may prove beneficial in view of the long-term stability of solar devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Marchini
- Department
of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agrarian Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Michele Orlandi
- Department
of Physics, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Nicola Bazzanella
- Department
of Physics, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Rita Boaretto
- Department
of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agrarian Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Vito Cristino
- Department
of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agrarian Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Antonio Miotello
- Department
of Physics, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Stefano Caramori
- Department
of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agrarian Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefano Carli
- Department
of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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20
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Dong L, Bao C, Hu S, Wang Y, Wu Z, Xie H, Xu X. Coupling Electronic and Phonon Thermal Transport in Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) Nanofibers. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:1282. [PMID: 35457990 PMCID: PMC9032122 DOI: 10.3390/nano12081282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The thermal transport of Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) nanofiber is contributed by the electronic component of thermal conduction and the phonon component of thermal conduction. The relationship between the electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity of these conducting polymers is of great interest in thermoelectric energy conversation. In this work, we characterized the axial electrical conductivities and thermal conductivities of the single PEDOT:PSS nanofibers and found that the Lorenz number L is larger than Sommerfeld value L0 at 300 K. In addition, we found that the L increased significantly in the low-temperature region. We consider that this trend is due to the bipolar contribution of conducting polymers with low-level electrical conductivity and the increasing trend of the electronic contribution to thermal conductivity in low-temperature regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Dong
- School of Energy and Materials, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China; (L.D.); (C.B.); (Y.W.); (H.X.)
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Thermal Functional Materials, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China
| | - Chengpeng Bao
- School of Energy and Materials, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China; (L.D.); (C.B.); (Y.W.); (H.X.)
| | - Shiqian Hu
- Department of Physics, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China;
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- School of Energy and Materials, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China; (L.D.); (C.B.); (Y.W.); (H.X.)
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Thermal Functional Materials, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China
| | - Zihua Wu
- School of Energy and Materials, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China; (L.D.); (C.B.); (Y.W.); (H.X.)
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Thermal Functional Materials, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China
| | - Huaqing Xie
- School of Energy and Materials, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China; (L.D.); (C.B.); (Y.W.); (H.X.)
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Thermal Functional Materials, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China
| | - Xiangfan Xu
- Center for Phononics and Thermal Energy Science, China-EU Joint Center for Nanophononics, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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