1
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Beer H, Siewert JE, Schröder M, Fischer M, Corzilius B, Hering-Junghans C. Phosphaarsenes - Combining Phospha- and Arsa-Wittig-Reagents. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202400120. [PMID: 38488262 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202400120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Dipnictenes of the type RPn=PnR (Pn=P, As, Sb, Bi) can be viewed as dimers of the corresponding pnictinidenes R-Pn. Phosphanylidene- and arsanylidenephosphoranes (R-Pn(PMe3); Pn=P, As) have been shown to be versatile synthetic surrogates for the delivery of pnictinidene fragments. We now report that thermal treatment of 1 : 1 mixtures of R-P(PMe3) and R'-As(PMe3) gives access to arsaphosphenes of the type RP=AsR'. Three examples are presented and the properties and reactivity of Mes*P=AsDipTer (1) (Mes*=2,4,6-tBu3-C6H2; DipTer=2,6-(2,6-iPr2C6H3)2-C6H3) were studied in detail. Solid state 31P NMR spectroscopy revealed a large 31P NMR chemical shift anisotropy with a span of ca. 920 ppm for 1 while computational methods were employed to investigate this pronounced magnetic deshielding of the P atom in 1. In the presence of the carbene IMe4 (IMe4=:C(MeNCMe)2) 1 is shown to be split into the corresponding NHC adducts Mes*P(IMe4) and DipTerAs(IMe4), which is additionally shown for diarsenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Beer
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jan-Erik Siewert
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Mirjam Schröder
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
- Institut für Chemie und Department Life, Light & Matter, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 27, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Malte Fischer
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Tammannstraße 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Björn Corzilius
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
- Institut für Chemie und Department Life, Light & Matter, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 27, 18059, Rostock, Germany
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2
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Reveley MJ, Feld J, Temerova D, Yang ES, Goicoechea JM. Hydroelementation and Phosphinidene Transfer: Reactivity of Phosphagermenes and Phosphastannenes Towards Small Molecule Substrates. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301542. [PMID: 37589485 PMCID: PMC10946619 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
We describe the facile synthesis of [(Me3 Si)2 CH]2 E=PMes* (E=Ge, Sn) from the reaction of the tetrylenes with the phospha-Wittig reagent, Me3 P-PMes*. Their reactivity towards a range of substrates with protic and hydridic E-H bonds (E=N, O, Si) is described. In addition to hydroelementation reactions of the E=P bonds, we show that these compounds, particularly [(Me3 Si)2 CH]2 Sn=PMes*, also act as base-stabilized phosphinidenes, allowing phosphinidene transfer to other nucleophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Reveley
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory12 Mansfield Rd.OxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Joey Feld
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory12 Mansfield Rd.OxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Diana Temerova
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory12 Mansfield Rd.OxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Eric S. Yang
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory12 Mansfield Rd.OxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Jose M. Goicoechea
- Department of ChemistryIndiana University800 E. Kirkwood Ave.BloomingtonIN., 47405USA
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3
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Yadav R, Das B, Singh A, Anmol, Sharma A, Majumder C, Kundu S. Bicyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene (BICAAC)-supported phosphinidenes. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:16680-16687. [PMID: 37960973 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02765a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Herein, the synthesis and characterization of bicyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene (BICAAC)-stabilized phosphinidenes (1-4) are reported. Compounds 1-3 were obtained by reacting trihalophosphine [PX3, X = Cl (1), Br (2), I (3)] with BICAAC in THF. A BICAAC-stabilized bis-phosphinidene (4) was obtained from the reduction of compound 2. All four compounds were characterized by X-ray crystallography and heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy. Theoretical calculations indicated the predominant C(carbene)P double bond characteristic in compounds 1-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India.
| | - Bindusagar Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India.
| | - Ashi Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India.
| | - Anmol
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India.
| | - Ankita Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India.
| | - Chinmoy Majumder
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India.
| | - Subrata Kundu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India.
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4
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Siewert JE, Schumann A, Wellnitz T, Dankert F, Hering-Junghans C. Triphosphiranes as phosphinidene-transfer agents - synthesis of regular and chelating NHC phosphinidene adducts. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:15747-15756. [PMID: 37846491 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02690f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
In this contribution we describe the general use of aryl-substituted triphosphiranes (Ar3P3; Ar = Mes, Dip, Tip) as phosphinidene transfer reagents towards N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) to give a library of twelve N-heterocyclic carbene phosphinidene adducts of the type ArPNHC (NHCPs), in which the NHCs have varying steric profiles, allowing a systematic evaluation of their structural and NMR-spectroscopic properties. In the next series of experiments we utilized 1,3- and 1,4-phenylene bridged bis-NHCs to access a new class of chelating bis(NHCP)s, of which three derivatives could be structurally characterized. The 1,4-phenylene derivatives were shown to be susceptible to P-CNHC bond cleavage when irradiated with an LED (396 nm), providing a rare example of phosphinidene release from NHCPs. The coordination chemistry of 1,3-phenylene bridged bis(NHCP)s towards GeCl2(dioxane) and GaI3 was investigated and revealed the formation of ion-separated cationic complexes, with significant charge transfer from the ligand to the metal center according to NBO analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Erik Siewert
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT), A.-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - André Schumann
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT), A.-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Tim Wellnitz
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT), A.-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Dankert
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT), A.-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
- Departement für Chemie, Biochemie und Pharmazie, Universität Bern Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
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5
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Siewert JE, Puerta Lombardi BM, Jannsen N, Roesler R, Hering-Junghans C. Synthesis and Ligand Properties of Chelating Bis( N-heterocyclic carbene)-Stabilized Bis(phosphinidenes). Inorg Chem 2023; 62:16832-16841. [PMID: 37782848 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
NHC-phosphinidene (NHCP) adducts are an emerging class of ligands with proven binding ability for main group and transition metal elements. They possess electron-rich P atoms with two lone pairs (LPs) of electrons, making them interesting platforms for the formation of multimetallic complexes. We describe herein a modular, high-yielding synthesis of bis(NHCP)s, starting from alkylidene-bridged bis(NHC)s ((IMe)2CnH2n; n = 1,3) and triphosphirane (PDip)3 (Dip = 2,6-iPr2C6H3) as phosphinidene transfer reagent. The coordination chemistry of [{DipP(IMe)}2CH2], 1, was studied in detail, and complexes [1·FeBr2] and [1·Rh(cod)]Cl were prepared, showing that the ligand has a flexible bite angle. The dicarbonyl complex [1·Rh(CO)2]Cl, with an average value for the CO stretching frequency of 2029 cm-1, indicates a strongly donating ligand when compared to related complexes. The binding ability of the remaining two phosphorus LPs was demonstrated with AuCl(SMe2), giving the heterotrimetallic complex [1·(AuCl)2·Rh(cod)]Cl. Moreover, [1·Rh(cod)]X (X- = Cl, B(3,5-(CF3)2-C6H3)4) was tested in the catalytic hydrogenation of methyl-Z-α-acetamidocinnamate (MAC) and dimethyl itaconate (ItMe2), revealing that the chloride complex was inactive, while the BArF complex demonstrated moderate activity. Additionally, [1·Rh(cod)]Cl was shown to be moderately air- and moisture-stable, slowly decomposing to the corresponding NHC-stabilized bis-dioxophosphorane, which was independently synthesized by treating the free ligand with dry O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Erik Siewert
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Braulio M Puerta Lombardi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Nora Jannsen
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Roland Roesler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
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6
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Nees S, Beer H, Just P, Teichmeier LM, Christoffer LE, Guljam A, Kushik, Braunschweig H, Hering-Junghans C. On the Reactivity of Mes*P(PMe 3 ) towards Aluminum(I) Compounds - Evidence for the Intermediate Formation of Phosphaalumenes. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202300078. [PMID: 36824017 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Phosphaalumenes are the heavier isoelectronic analogs of alkynes and have eluded facile synthesis until recently. We have reported that the combination of a phosphinidene transfer agent, Ar TerP(PMe3 ) (Ar Ter=2,6-Ar2 -C6 H3 ), with (Cp*Al)4 (Cp*=C5 (CH3 )5 ) afforded the phosphaalumenes Ar TerPAlCp* as isolable, violet, thermally stable compounds. In here we describe attempts to utilize Mes*P(PMe3 ) (Mes*=2,4,6-tBu3 -C6 H2 ) as a phosphinidene source in combination with different Al(I) precursors, namely Dip NacnacAl (Dip Nacnac=HC[C(Me)NDip]2 , Dip=2,6-iPr2 -C6 H3 ), (Cp*Al)4 and Cp3t Al (Cp3t =1,2,4-tBu3 -C5 H2 ). In all cases the formation of phosphaalumenes was not observed, however, their intermediate formation is indicated by formation of the dimer [Cp*Al(μ-PMes*)]2 (2) and C-H-bond activation products along the putative P=Al bond, giving unusual 1,2-P,Al-tetrahydronaphtalene derivatives 1 and 4, clearly underlining the role the sterically demanding group on phosphorus plays in these transformations. The reactivity studies are supported by theoretical studies, demonstrating a thermodynamic preference for the C-H activation products. Additionally, we show that there are potential pitfalls in the synthesis of Cp*2 AlH, the precursor to make (Cp*Al)4 and give recommendations how to circumvent these.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Nees
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Henrik Beer
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Philip Just
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Leon M Teichmeier
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Leif E Christoffer
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Ailina Guljam
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Kushik
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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7
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Royla P, Schwedtmann K, Han Z, Fidelius J, Gates DP, Gomila RM, Frontera A, Weigand JJ. Cationic Phosphinidene as a Versatile P 1 Building Block: [L C-P] + Transfer from Phosphonio-Phosphanides [L C-P-PR 3] + and Subsequent L C Replacement Reactions (L C = N-Heterocyclic Carbene). J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:10364-10375. [PMID: 37105536 PMCID: PMC10177976 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c02256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Cationic imidazoliumyl(phosphonio)-phosphanides [LC-P-PR3]+ (1a-e+, LC = 4,5-dimethyl-1,3-diisopropylimidazolium-2-yl; R = alkyl, aryl) are obtained via the nucleophilic fragmentation of tetracationic tetraphosphetane [(LC-P)4][OTf]4 (2[OTf]4) with tertiary phosphanes. They act as [LC-P]+ transfer reagents in phospha-Wittig-type reactions, when converted with various thiocarbonyls, giving unprecedented cationic phosphaalkenes [LC-P═CR2]+ (5a-f[OTf]) or phosphanides [LC-P-CR(NR2')]+ (6a-d[OTf]). Theoretical calculations suggest that three-membered cyclic thiophosphiranes are crucial intermediates of this reaction. To test this hypothesis, treatment of [LC-P-PPh3]+ with phosphaalkenes, that are isolobal to thioketones, permits the isolation of diphosphirane salts 11a,b[OTf]. Furthermore, preliminary studies suggest that the cationic phosphaalkene [LC-P═CPh2]+ may be employed to access rare examples of η2-P═C π-complexes with Pd0 and Pt0 when treated with [Pd(PPh3)4] and [Pt(PPh3)3] for which analogous complexes of neutral phosphaalkenes are scarce. The versatility of [LC-P]+ as a valuable P1 building block was showcased in substitution reactions of the transferred LC-substituent using nucleophiles. This is demonstrated through the reactions of 5a[OTf] and 6c[OTf] with Grignard reagents and KNPh2, providing a convenient, high-yielding access to MesP═CPh2 (16) and otherwise difficult-to-synthesize 1,3-diphosphetane 17 and P-aminophosphaalkenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Royla
- Chair
of Inorganic Molecular Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Kai Schwedtmann
- Chair
of Inorganic Molecular Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Zeyu Han
- Department
of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, V6T 1Z1 Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jannis Fidelius
- Chair
of Inorganic Molecular Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Derek P. Gates
- Department
of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, V6T 1Z1 Vancouver, Canada
| | - Rosa M. Gomila
- Department
of Chemistry, Universitat de Illes Balears, 07122 Palma de
Mallorca, Spain
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Department
of Chemistry, Universitat de Illes Balears, 07122 Palma de
Mallorca, Spain
| | - Jan J. Weigand
- Chair
of Inorganic Molecular Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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8
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Taeufer T, Dankert F, Michalik D, Pospech J, Bresien J, Hering-Junghans C. Photochemical formation and reversible base-induced cleavage of a phosphagallene. Chem Sci 2023; 14:3018-3023. [PMID: 36937589 PMCID: PMC10016425 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06292e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The reactivity of Cp*Ga (Cp* = C5Me5) towards phosphanylidenephosphoranes of the type ArTerP(PMe3) (ArTer = DipTer 2,6-(2,6-iPr2C6H3)2C6H3), TipTer 2,6-(2,4,6-iPr3C6H2)2C6H3 was investigated. While no thermal reaction was observed (in line with DFT results), irradiation at 405 nm at low temperatures resulted in the formation of phosphagallenes DipTerP = GaCp* (1a) and TipTerP = GaCp* (1b) accompanied by release of PMe3. When warming the reaction mixture to ambient temperatures without irradiation, the clean re-formation of ArTerP(PMe3) and Cp*Ga in a second-order reaction was observed. Upon removal of PMe3, 1a and 1b were isolated and fully characterized. Both derivatives were found to be labile and decomposed to the phosphafluorenes 2a and 2b, indicating generation of the transient phosphinidene ArTerP along with Cp*Ga. First reactivity studies show that CO2 and H2O cleanly reacted with 1a, affording DipTerPCO (3) and DipTerPH2 (4), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Taeufer
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT) A.-Einstein.-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany https://www.catalysis.de/forschung/katalytische-funktionalisierungen https://www.catalysis.de/forschung/katalyse-mit-erneuerbaren-rohstoffen/bioinspirierte-katalyse
| | - F Dankert
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT) A.-Einstein.-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany https://www.catalysis.de/forschung/katalytische-funktionalisierungen https://www.catalysis.de/forschung/katalyse-mit-erneuerbaren-rohstoffen/bioinspirierte-katalyse
| | - D Michalik
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT) A.-Einstein.-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany https://www.catalysis.de/forschung/katalytische-funktionalisierungen https://www.catalysis.de/forschung/katalyse-mit-erneuerbaren-rohstoffen/bioinspirierte-katalyse
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock A.-Einstein.-Str. 3a 18059 Rostock Germany https://www.chemie.uni-rostock.de/arbeitsgruppen/anorganische-chemie/dr-jonas-bresien/
| | - J Pospech
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT) A.-Einstein.-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany https://www.catalysis.de/forschung/katalytische-funktionalisierungen https://www.catalysis.de/forschung/katalyse-mit-erneuerbaren-rohstoffen/bioinspirierte-katalyse
| | - J Bresien
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock A.-Einstein.-Str. 3a 18059 Rostock Germany https://www.chemie.uni-rostock.de/arbeitsgruppen/anorganische-chemie/dr-jonas-bresien/
| | - C Hering-Junghans
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT) A.-Einstein.-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany https://www.catalysis.de/forschung/katalytische-funktionalisierungen https://www.catalysis.de/forschung/katalyse-mit-erneuerbaren-rohstoffen/bioinspirierte-katalyse
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9
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Nees S, Wellnitz T, Dankert F, Härterich M, Dotzauer S, Feldt M, Braunschweig H, Hering-Junghans C. On the Reactivity of Phosphaalumenes towards C-C Multiple Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215838. [PMID: 36516342 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Heterocycles containing group 13 and 15 elements such as borazines are an integral part of organic, biomedical and materials chemistry. Surprisingly, heterocycles containing P and Al are rare. We have now utilized phosphaalumenes in reactions with alkynes, alkenes and conjugated double bond systems. With sterically demanding alkynes 1,2-phosphaalumetes were afforded, whereas the reaction with HCCH or HCCSiMe3 gave 1,4-phosphaaluminabarrelenes. Using styrene saturated 1,2-phosphaalumates were formed, which reacted further with additional styrene to give different regio-isomers of 1,4-aluminaphosphorinanes. Using ethylene, a 1,4-aluminaphosphorinane is obtained, while with 1,3-butadiene a bicyclic system containing an aluminacyclopentane and a phosphirane unit was synthesized. The experimental work is supported by theoretical studies to shed light on the mechanism governing the formation of these heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Nees
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tim Wellnitz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Fabian Dankert
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Marcel Härterich
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Simon Dotzauer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Milica Feldt
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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10
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Gupta P, Drexler HJ, Wingad R, Wass D, Baráth E, Beweries T, Hering-Junghans C. P,N-type phosphaalkene-based Ir( i) complexes: synthesis, coordination chemistry, and catalytic applications. Inorg Chem Front 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d3qi00142c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Iridium P,N phosphaalkene complexes show a rich coordination chemistry with unusual twofold C–H activation. The Ir(i) chloride complex can be applied for C–N coupling and alcohol upgrading reactions.
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11
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Dankert F, Gupta P, Wellnitz T, Baumann W, Hering-Junghans C. Deoxygenation of chalcogen oxides EO 2 (E = S, Se) with phospha-Wittig reagents. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:18642-18651. [PMID: 36448405 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03703c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In here we present the deoxygenation of the chalcogen oxides EO2 (E = S, Se) with R-P(PMe3), so-called phospha-Wittig reagents. The reaction of DABSO (DABCO·2SO2) with R-P(PMe3) (R = Mes*, 2,4,6-tBu3-C6H2; MesTer, 2,6-(2,4,6-Me3-C6H2)2-C6H3) resulted in the formation of thiadiphosphiranes (RP)2S (1:R), while selenadiphosphiranes (RP)2Se (2:R) were afforded with SeO2, both accompanied by the formation of OPMe3. Utilizing the sterically more encumbered DipTer-P(PMe3) (DipTer = 2,6-(2,6-iPr2-C6H3)2-C6H3) a different selectivity was observed and (DipTerP)2Se (2:DipTer) along with [Se(μ-PDipTer)]2 (3:DipTer) were isolated as the Se-containing species in the reaction with SeO2. Interestingly, the reaction with DABSO (or with equimolar ratios of SeO2 at elevated temperatures) gave rise to the formation of the OPMe3-stabilized dioxophosphorane (phosphinidene dioxide) DipTerP(O)2-OPMe3 (4:DipTer) as the main product. This contrasting reactivity can be rationalized by two potential pathways in the reaction with EO2: (i) a Wittig-type pathway and (ii) a pathway involving oxygenation of the phospha-Wittig reagents and release of SO. Thus, phospha-Wittig reagents are shown to be useful synthetic tools for the metal-free deoxygenation of EO2 (E = S, Se).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Dankert
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT), A.-Einstein-Str.3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Priyanka Gupta
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT), A.-Einstein-Str.3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Tim Wellnitz
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT), A.-Einstein-Str.3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang Baumann
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT), A.-Einstein-Str.3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
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12
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Dankert F, Siewert JE, Gupta P, Weigend F, Hering-Junghans C. Metal-Free N-H Bond Activation by Phospha-Wittig Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207064. [PMID: 35594171 PMCID: PMC9400956 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
N‐containing molecules are mostly derived from ammonia (NH3). Ammonia activation has been demonstrated for single transition metal centers as well as for low‐valent main group species. Phosphinidenes, mono‐valent phosphorus species, can be stabilized by phosphines, giving so‐called phosphanylidenephosphoranes of the type RP(PR′3). We demonstrate the facile, metal‐free NH3 activation using ArP(PMe3), affording for the first time isolable secondary aminophosphines ArP(H)NH2. DFT studies reveal that two molecules of NH3 act in concert to facilitate an NH3 for PMe3 exchange. Furthermore, H2NR and HNR2 activation is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Dankert
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jan-Erik Siewert
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Priyanka Gupta
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Florian Weigend
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein Straße 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany
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13
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Gupta P, Taeufer T, Siewert JE, Reiß F, Drexler HJ, Pospech J, Beweries T, Hering-Junghans C. Synthesis, Coordination Chemistry, and Mechanistic Studies of P,N-Type Phosphaalkene-Based Rh(I) Complexes. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:11639-11650. [PMID: 35856631 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of P,N-phosphaalkene ligands, py-CH═PMes* (1, py = 2-pyridyl, Mes* = 2,4,6-tBu-C6H2) and the novel quin-CH═PMes* (2, quin = 2-quinolinyl) is described. The reaction with [Rh(μ-Cl)cod]2 produces Rh(I) bis(phosphaalkene) chlorido complexes 3 and 4 with distorted trigonal bipyramidal coordination environments. Complexes 3 and 4 show a pronounced metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) from Rh into the ligand P═C π* orbitals. Upon heating, quinoline-based complex 4 undergoes twofold C-H bond activation at the o-tBu groups of the Mes* substituents to yield the cationic bis(phosphaindane) Rh(I) complex 5, which could not be observed for the pyridine-based analogue 3. Using sub- or superstoichiometric amounts of AgOTf the C-H bond activation at an o-tBu group of one or at both Mes* was detected, respectively. Density functional theory (DFT) studies suggest an oxidative proton shift pathway as an alternative to a previously reported high-barrier oxidative addition at Rh(I). The Rh(I) mono- and bis(phosphaindane) triflate complexes 6 and 7, respectively, undergo deprotonation at the benzylic CH2 group of the phosphaindane unit in the presence of KOtBu to furnish neutral, distorted square-planar Rh(I) complexes 8 and 9, respectively, with one of the P,N ligands being dearomatized. All complexes were fully characterized, including multinuclear NMR, vibrational, and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, as well as single-crystal X-ray and elemental analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Gupta
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Tobias Taeufer
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Jan-Erik Siewert
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Fabian Reiß
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Drexler
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Jola Pospech
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Torsten Beweries
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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14
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Dankert F, Siewert JE, Gupta P, Weigend F, Hering-Junghans C. Metal‐free N‐H Bond Activation by Phospha‐Wittig Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Dankert
- Leibniz-Institut fur Katalyse eV Catalysis with Bioresources GERMANY
| | - Jan-Erik Siewert
- Leibniz-Institut fur Katalyse eV Catalysis with Bioresources GERMANY
| | - Priyanka Gupta
- Leibniz-Institut fur Katalyse eV Modern Concepts in Molecular Catalysis GERMANY
| | - Florian Weigend
- Philipps-Universitat Marburg Fachbereich Chemie Fachbereich Chemie GERMANY
| | - Christian Hering-Junghans
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis: Leibniz-Institut fur Katalyse eV Catalysis with Bioresources Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock GERMANY
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15
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Fischer M, Roy MMD, Wales LL, Ellwanger MA, Heilmann A, Aldridge S. Structural Snapshots in Reversible Phosphinidene Transfer: Synthetic, Structural, and Reaction Chemistry of a Sn═P Double Bond. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:8908-8913. [PMID: 35536684 PMCID: PMC9136930 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of amido-substituted stannylenes with phospha-Wittig reagents (Me3PPR) results in release of hexamethyldisilazane and tethering of the resulting -CH2PMe2PR fragment to the tin center to give P-donor stabilized stannylenes featuring four-membered Sn,C,P,P heterocycles. Through systematic increases in steric loading, the structures of these systems in the solid state can be tuned, leading to successive P-P bond lengthening and Sn-P contraction and, in the most encumbered case, to complete P-to-Sn transfer of the phosphinidene fragment. The resulting stannaphosphene features a polar Sn═P double bond as determined by structural and computational studies. The reversibility of phosphinidene transfer can be established by solution phase measurements and reactivity studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malte Fischer
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K
| | - Matthew M D Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center and Institute for Silicon Chemistry, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Lewis L Wales
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K
| | - Mathias A Ellwanger
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K
| | - Andreas Heilmann
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K
| | - Simon Aldridge
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K
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16
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Fischer M, Roy MMD, Hüller S, Schmidtmann M, Beckhaus R. Reaction of a bis(pentafulvene)titanium complex with an N-heterocyclic olefin: C-H-activation leads to resonance between a titanium vinyl and titanium alkylidene complex. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:10690-10696. [PMID: 35166757 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00014h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The N-heterocyclic olefin (NHO) ImMe4CH2 (2) (ImMe4CH2 = (MeCNMe)2CCH2) was employed for the synthesis of the titanium complex 3 derived from an NHO ligand precursor. By reacting 2 with the bis(π-η5:σ-η1-pentafulvene)titanium complex 1a, the terminal ylidic methylene unit of 2 is deprotonated by the quaternary exocyclic carbon atom of one pentafulvene ligand of 1a yielding the titanium complex 3 which bears an anionic NHO ligand (ImMe4CH-). 3 was characterized by NMR spectroscopy, single crystal X-ray diffraction and quantum chemical calculations. The latter highlight that 3 is best described as a titanium vinyl complex with significant contribution of the titanium alkylidene resonance structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malte Fischer
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK. .,Institut für Chemie, Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Postfach 2503, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany.
| | - Matthew M D Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center and Institute for Silicon Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Germany
| | - Sascha Hüller
- Institut für Chemie, Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Postfach 2503, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany.
| | - Marc Schmidtmann
- Institut für Chemie, Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Postfach 2503, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany.
| | - Rüdiger Beckhaus
- Institut für Chemie, Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Postfach 2503, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany.
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17
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Dankert F, Hering-Junghans C. Heavier group 13/15 multiple bond systems: synthesis, structure and chemical bond activation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:1242-1262. [PMID: 35014640 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06518a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Heavier group 13/15 multiple bonds have been under investigation since the late 80s and to date, several examples have been published, which shows the obsoleteness of the so-called double bond rule. Especially in the last few years, more and more group 13/15 multiple bonds became synthetically feasible and their application in terms of small molecule activation has been demonstrated. Our group has recently shown that the combination of the pnictinidene precursor DipTer-Pn(PMe3) (Pn = P, As) in combination with Al(I) synthons afforded the first examples of phospha- and arsaalumenes as isolable and thermally robust compounds. This feature article is intended to show the recent developments in the field, to outline early synthetic approaches and to discuss strategies to unlock the synthetic potential of these elusive chemical bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Dankert
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 29A, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - C Hering-Junghans
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 29A, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
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18
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Dankert F, Fischer M, Hering-Junghans C. Modulating the reactivity of phosphanylidenephosphoranes towards water with Lewis acids. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:11267-11276. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01575g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Phosphanylidenephosphoranes of the type R−P(PR’3), also known as phospha-Wittig reagents, can be utilized in a variety of bond activation reactions exploiting their phosphinidenoid reactivity. In here, we thoroughly show that...
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19
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Watson IC, Ferguson MJ, Rivard E. Zinc-Mediated Transmetalation as a Route to Anionic N-Heterocyclic Olefin Complexes in the p-Block. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:18347-18359. [PMID: 34738790 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Anionic N-heterocyclic olefins (aNHOs) are suited well for the stabilization of low-coordinate inorganic complexes, due to their steric tunability and strong σ- and π-electron donating abilities. In this study, the new two-coordinate zinc complex (MeIPrCH)2Zn (MeIPrCH = [(MeCNDipp)2C═CH]-, Dipp = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl) is shown to participate in a broad range of metathesis reactions with main group element-based halides and hydrides. In the case of the group 14 halides, Cl2E·dioxane (E = Ge and Sn), transmetalation occurs to form dinuclear propellane-shaped cations, [(MeIPrCHE)2(μ-Cl)]+, while the aNHO-capped phosphine ligand MeIPrCH-PPh2 is obtained when (MeIPrCH)2Zn is combined with ClPPh2. Lastly, ZnH2 elimination drives transmetalation between (MeIPrCH)2Zn and hydroboranes and hydroalumanes, leading to Lewis acidic aNHO-supported -boryl and -alane products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian C Watson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2G2
| | - Michael J Ferguson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2G2
| | - Eric Rivard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2G2
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20
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Siewert JE, Schumann A, Hering-Junghans C. Phosphine-catalysed reductive coupling of dihalophosphanes. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:15111-15117. [PMID: 34611690 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03095g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Classically tetraaryl diphosphanes have been synthesized through Wurtz-type reductive coupling of halophosphanes R2PX or more recently, through the dehydrocoupling of phosphines R2PH. Catalytic variants of the dehydrocoupling reaction have been reported, but are limited to R2PH compounds. Using PEt3 as a catalyst, we now show that TipPBr2 (Tip = 2,4,6-iPr3C6H2) is selectively coupled to give the dibromodiphosphane (TipPBr)2 (1), a compound not accessible using classic Mg reduction. Surprisingly, when using DipPBr2 (Dip = 2,6-iPr3C6H3) in the PEt3 catalysed reductive coupling the diphosphene (PDip)2 (2) with a PP double was formed selectively. In benzene solutions (PDip)2 has a half life time of ca. 28 days and can be utilized with NHCs to access NHC-phosphinidene adducts. To show that this protocol is more widely applicable, we show that Ph2PCl and Mes2PX (X = Cl, Br) are efficiently coupled using 10 mol% of PEt3 to give (Ph2P)2 and (Mes2P)2, respectively. Control experiments show that [BrPEt3]Br is a potential oxidation product in the catalytic cycle, which can be debrominated by Zn dust as a sacrificial reductant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Erik Siewert
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT), A.-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - André Schumann
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT), A.-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
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21
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Fischer M, Hering-Junghans C. On 1,3-phosphaazaallenes and their diverse reactivity. Chem Sci 2021; 12:10279-10289. [PMID: 34377415 PMCID: PMC8336469 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02947a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
1,3-Phosphaazaallenes are heteroallenes of the type RP
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
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CNR′ and little is known about their reactivity. In here we describe the straightforward synthesis of ArPCNR (Ar = Mes*, 2,4,6-tBu-C6H2; MesTer, 2.6-(2,4,6-Me3C6H2)–C6H3; DipTer, 2.6-(2,6-iPr2C6H2)–C6H3; R = tBu; Xyl, 2,6-Me2C6H3) starting from phospha-Wittig reagents ArPPMe3 and isonitriles CNR. It is further shown that ArPCNtBu are thermally labile with respect to the loss of iso-butene and it is shown that the cyanophosphines ArP(H)CN are synthetically feasible and form the corresponding phosphanitrilium borates with B(C6F5)3, whereas deprotonation of DipTerP(H)CN was shown to give an isolable cyanidophosphide. Lastly, the reactivity of ArPCNR towards Pier's borane was investigated, showing hydroboration of the CN bond in Mes*PCNtBu to give a hetero-butadiene, while with DipTerPCNXyl the formation of the Lewis acid–base adduct with a B–P linkage was observed. The combination of phospha-Wittig reagents with isonitriles affords 1,3-phosphaazaallenes and their diverse reactivity has been studied in detail.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Malte Fischer
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT) A.-Einstein-Str. 3a 18059 Rostock Germany [https://www.catalysis.de/forschung/aktivierung-kleiner-molekuele/]
| | - Christian Hering-Junghans
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT) A.-Einstein-Str. 3a 18059 Rostock Germany [https://www.catalysis.de/forschung/aktivierung-kleiner-molekuele/]
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22
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Roy MMD, Baird SR, Dornsiepen E, Paul LA, Miao L, Ferguson MJ, Zhou Y, Siewert I, Rivard E. A Stable Homoleptic Divinyl Tetrelene Series. Chemistry 2021; 27:8572-8579. [PMID: 33848023 PMCID: PMC8252546 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of the new bulky vinyllithium reagent (Me IPr=CH)Li, (Me IPr=[(MeCNDipp)2 C]; Dipp=2,6-iPr2 C6 H3 ) is reported. This vinyllithium precursor was found to act as a general source of the anionic 2σ, 2π-electron donor ligand [Me IPr=CH]- . Furthermore, a high-yielding route to the degradation-resistant SiII precursor Me IPr⋅SiBr2 is presented. The efficacy of (Me IPr=CH)Li in synthesis was demonstrated by the generation of a complete inorganic divinyltetrelene series (Me IPrCH)2 E: (E=Si to Pb). (Me IPrCH)2 Si: represents the first two-coordinate acyclic silylene not bound by heteroatom donors, with dual electrophilic and nucleophilic character at the SiII center noted. Cyclic voltammetry shows this electron-rich silylene to be a potent reducing agent, rivalling the reducing power of the 19-electron complex cobaltocene (Cp2 Co).
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew M. D. Roy
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Alberta11227 Saskatchewan Dr.EdmontonAlbertaT6G 2G2Canada
| | - Samuel R. Baird
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Alberta11227 Saskatchewan Dr.EdmontonAlbertaT6G 2G2Canada
| | - Eike Dornsiepen
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Alberta11227 Saskatchewan Dr.EdmontonAlbertaT6G 2G2Canada
| | - Lucas A. Paul
- Universität GöttingenInstitut für Anorganische ChemieTammannstr. 437077GöttingenGermany
| | - Linkun Miao
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Alberta11227 Saskatchewan Dr.EdmontonAlbertaT6G 2G2Canada
| | - Michael J. Ferguson
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Alberta11227 Saskatchewan Dr.EdmontonAlbertaT6G 2G2Canada
| | - Yuqiao Zhou
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Alberta11227 Saskatchewan Dr.EdmontonAlbertaT6G 2G2Canada
| | - Inke Siewert
- Universität GöttingenInstitut für Anorganische ChemieTammannstr. 437077GöttingenGermany
| | - Eric Rivard
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Alberta11227 Saskatchewan Dr.EdmontonAlbertaT6G 2G2Canada
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23
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Fischer M, Nees S, Kupfer T, Goettel JT, Braunschweig H, Hering-Junghans C. Isolable Phospha- and Arsaalumenes. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:4106-4111. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c00204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Malte Fischer
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT), A.-Einstein-Str.3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Samuel Nees
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Kupfer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - James T. Goettel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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24
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Fischer M, Reiß F, Hering-Junghans C. Titanocene pnictinidene complexes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:5626-5629. [PMID: 33989372 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc01305j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The phospha-Wittig reagent MesTerPPMe3 (MesTer = 2,6-{2,4,6-Me3-C6H2}-C6H3) and arsa-Wittig reagent DipTerAsPMe3 (DipTer = 2,6-{2,6-iPr2-C6H3}-C6H3) have been employed to synthesize the titanocene complexes Cp2Ti(PMe3)PnAr (Pn = P, As) with terminal phosphinidene or arsinidene ligands, respectively. Ab initio studies show that the description as singlet biradicaloids in their ground state is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malte Fischer
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT Rostock), Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, Rostock 18059, Germany.
| | - Fabian Reiß
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT Rostock), Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, Rostock 18059, Germany.
| | - Christian Hering-Junghans
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT Rostock), Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, Rostock 18059, Germany.
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