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Singha S, Das Gupta B, Sarkar A, Jana S, Bharadwaj PK, Sharma N, Haldar PK, Mukherjee PK, Kar A. Chemo-profiling and exploring therapeutic potential of Momordica dioica Roxb. ex Willd. for managing metabolic related disorders: In-vitro studies, and docking based approach. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 331:118351. [PMID: 38759763 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Momordica dioica Roxb. ex Willd. (M. dioica Roxb.) a nutritious and therapeutic property rich crop of Cucurbitaceae plant family. In various folklore medicine including Ayurveda fruits are used to treat several metabolic related disorders i.e., hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, obesity etc. Furthermore, traditionally it is used to treat fever, inflammation, ulcer, skin diseases, haemorrhoids, hypertension and also employed as cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, analgesic, diuretic. AIM OF THE STUDY This study focuses to explore the therapeutic potential of Momordica dioica Roxb. ex Willd. through in-vitro and in-silico approach for managing hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia and related metabolic disorders along with its phytochemical profiling for quality evaluation and validation of traditional claim. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study was carried out on hydroalcohol extract of dried leaf and fruit of Momordica dioica. In-vitro antioxidant potential using DPPH and Nitric oxide scavenging assay along with in-vitro enzyme inhibitory potential against α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and pancreatic lipase enzymes was studied. The bioactive metabolites were identified from the most potent bioactive extract by analysis with LC-QTOF-MS and also studied their role to lessen the metabolic related disorder through in-silico approaches. RESULTS The results confirmed that the fruit extract is more active to possess antioxidant and prominent enzyme inhibition potential compared to the leaf. Sixteen identified metabolites in M. dioica Roxb. fruits may be responsible for the therapeutic potential related to metabolic related disorder. The in-silico study of the identified phytomolecules against α-amylase, α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase showed significant docking scores ranging from -9.8 to -5.5, -8.3 to -4.8 and -8.3 to -6 respectively. CONCLUSION The current study illustrated that M. dioica Roxb., a traditionally important plant is potential against metabolic related disorders. Phytocomponents present in the fruit extract may be responsible for antioxidant as well as the enzymes' inhibitory potential. Thus, fruits of M. dioica Roxb. will be useful as alternative therapeutics for treatment of hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia and related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seha Singha
- School of Natural Product Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 032, India.
| | - Barun Das Gupta
- School of Natural Product Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 032, India.
| | - Arnab Sarkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 032, India.
| | - Sandipan Jana
- School of Natural Product Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 032, India.
| | - Pardeep K Bharadwaj
- Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Dept. of Biotechnology, Govt. of India, Imphal, Manipur, 795001, India.
| | - Nanaocha Sharma
- Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Dept. of Biotechnology, Govt. of India, Imphal, Manipur, 795001, India.
| | - Pallab K Haldar
- School of Natural Product Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 032, India.
| | - Pulok Kumar Mukherjee
- School of Natural Product Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 032, India; Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Dept. of Biotechnology, Govt. of India, Imphal, Manipur, 795001, India.
| | - Amit Kar
- Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Dept. of Biotechnology, Govt. of India, Imphal, Manipur, 795001, India.
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Dong H, Zhao Y, Teng H, Jiang T, Yue Y, Zhang S, Fan L, Yan M, Shao S. Pueraria lobata antioxidant extract ameliorates non-alcoholic fatty liver by altering hepatic fat accumulation and oxidative stress. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024:118468. [PMID: 38906339 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Pueraria lobata is essential medicinal and edible homologous plants widely cultivated in Asian countries. Therefore, P. lobata is widely used in the food, health products and pharmaceutical industries and have significant domestic and international market potential and research value. P. lobata has remarkable biological activities in protecting liver, relieving alcoholism, antioxidation, anti-tumor and anti-inflammation in clinic. However, the potential mechanism of ethyl acetate extract of Pueraria lobata after 70% alcohol extraction(APL) ameliorating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has not been clarified. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the ameliorative effect of P. lobata extract on human hepatoma cells and injury in rats, and to evaluate its therapeutic potential for ameliorating NAFLD. METHODS Firstly, the effective part of P. lobata extract was determined as APL by measuring its total substances and antioxidant activity. And then the in vitro and in vivo models of NAFLD were adopted., HepG2 cells were incubated with palmitic acid (PA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). In order to evaluate the effect of APL, Simvastatin and Vitamin C (VC) were used as positive control. Various parameters related to lipogenesis and fatty acid β-oxidation were studied, such as intracellular lipid accumulation, reactive oxygen species (ROS), Western Blot, mitochondrial membrane potential, apoptosis, and the mechanism of APL improving NAFLD. The chemical components of APL were further determined by HPLC and UPLC-MS, and molecular docking was carried out with Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway related proteins. RESULTS APL significantly reduced lipid accumulation and levels of oxidative stress-related factors in vitro and in vivo. Immunohistochemical、Western Blot and PCR analysis showed that the expressions of Nrf2 and HO-1 were up-regulated in APL treatment. The Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 can block the rescue by APL of cellular oxidative stress and lipid accumulation induced by H2O2 and PA, demonstrating its dependence on Nrf2. UPLC/MS analysis showed that there were 3'-hydroxyl puerarin, puerarin, 3'-methoxy puerarin, daidzein, genistin, ononin, daidzin and genistein. CONCLUSION This study further clarified the mechanism of P. lobata extract in improving NAFLD, which provided a scientific basis for developing new drugs to protect liver injury and laid a solid foundation for developing P. lobata Chinese herbal medicine resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Dong
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - He Teng
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ting Jiang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yihan Yue
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Lin Fan
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Mingming Yan
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China; Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center of Health Food of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China.
| | - Shuai Shao
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China; Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center of Health Food of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China.
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Hemmat-Jou MH, Gao R, Chen G, Liang Y, Li F, Fang L. Synergistic effects of warming and humic substances on driving arsenic reduction and methanogenesis in flooded paddy soil. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:134947. [PMID: 38908180 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Microbially-driven arsenic reduction and methane emissions in anaerobic soils are regulated by widespread humic substances (HS), while how this effect responds to climate change remains unknown. We investigated potential synergistic effects of HS in response to temperature changes in arsenic-contaminated paddy soils treated with humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA) at temperatures ranging from 15 to 45 °C. Our results reveal a significant increase in arsenic reduction (5.6 times) and methane emissions (178 times) driven by HS, which can be exponentially stimulated at 45 °C. Acting as a electron shuttle, HS determines microbial arsenic reduction, further stimulated by warming. The top three sensitive genera are Geobacter, Anaeromyxobacter, and Gaiella which are responsible for enhanced arsenic reduction, as well as for the reduction of iron and HS with their functional genes; arrA and Geobacter spp. The top three sensitive methanogens are Methanosarsina, Methanocella, and Methanoculleus. Our study suggests notable synergistic effects between HS and warming in stimulating arsenic reduction and methanogenesis in paddy soils. Overall, the findings of this work highlight the high sensitivity of HS-mediated microbial arsenic transformation and methanogenesis in response to warming, which add potential value in predicting the biogeochemical cycling of arsenic and methane in soil under the context of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hossein Hemmat-Jou
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Ruichuan Gao
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Guanhong Chen
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Yongmei Liang
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Fangbai Li
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Liping Fang
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
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Wei H, Sun M, Wang R, Zeng H, Zhao B, Jin S. Puerarin mitigated LPS-ATP or HG-primed endothelial cells damage and diabetes-associated cardiovascular disease via ROS-NLRP3 signalling. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18239. [PMID: 38774996 PMCID: PMC11109626 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The occurrence and development of diabetic vascular diseases are closely linked to inflammation-induced endothelial dysfunction. Puerarin (Pue), the primary component of Pueraria lobata, possesses potent anti-inflammatory properties. However, its vasoprotective role remains elusive. Therefore, we investigated whether Pue can effectively protect against vascular damage induced by diabetes. In the study, Pue ameliorated lipopolysaccharide-adenosine triphosphate (LPS-ATP) or HG-primed cytotoxicity and apoptosis, while inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in HUVECs, as evidenced by significantly decreased ROS level, NOX4, Caspase-1 activity and expression of NLRP3, GSDMD, cleaved caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18. Meanwhile, ROS inducer CoCI2 efficiently weakened the effects of Pue against LPS-ATP-primed pyroptosis. In addition, NLRP3 knockdown notably enhanced Pue's ability to suppress pyroptosis in LPS-ATP-primed HUVECs, whereas overexpression of NLRP3 reversed the inhibitory effects of Pue. Furthermore, Pue inhibited the expression of ROS and NLRP3 inflammasome-associated proteins on the aorta in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats. Our findings indicated that Pue might ameliorate LPS-ATP or HG-primed damage in HUVECs by inactivating the ROS-NLRP3 signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhen Wei
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine ResearchShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Mengru Sun
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine ResearchShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Ruixuan Wang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine ResearchShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Hairong Zeng
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine ResearchShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Bei Zhao
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine ResearchShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Shenyi Jin
- Department of EndocrinologyShuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
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Lam TP, Tran NVN, Pham LHD, Lai NVT, Dang BTN, Truong NLN, Nguyen-Vo SK, Hoang TL, Mai TT, Tran TD. Flavonoids as dual-target inhibitors against α-glucosidase and α-amylase: a systematic review of in vitro studies. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2024; 14:4. [PMID: 38185713 PMCID: PMC10772047 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-023-00424-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus remains a major global health issue, and great attention is directed at natural therapeutics. This systematic review aimed to assess the potential of flavonoids as antidiabetic agents by investigating their inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase and α-amylase, two key enzymes involved in starch digestion. Six scientific databases (PubMed, Virtual Health Library, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and WHO Global Index Medicus) were searched until August 21, 2022, for in vitro studies reporting IC50 values of purified flavonoids on α-amylase and α-glucosidase, along with corresponding data for acarbose as a positive control. A total of 339 eligible articles were analyzed, resulting in the retrieval of 1643 flavonoid structures. These structures were rigorously standardized and curated, yielding 974 unique compounds, among which 177 flavonoids exhibited inhibition of both α-glucosidase and α-amylase are presented. Quality assessment utilizing a modified CONSORT checklist and structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis were performed, revealing crucial features for the simultaneous inhibition of flavonoids against both enzymes. Moreover, the review also addressed several limitations in the current research landscape and proposed potential solutions. The curated datasets are available online at https://github.com/MedChemUMP/FDIGA .
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Affiliation(s)
- Thua-Phong Lam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, 75105, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ngoc-Vi Nguyen Tran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, 75105, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Long-Hung Dinh Pham
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Nghia Vo-Trong Lai
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Bao-Tran Ngoc Dang
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc-Lam Nguyen Truong
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Song-Ky Nguyen-Vo
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thuy-Linh Hoang
- California Northstate University College of Pharmacy, California, 95757, USA
| | - Tan Thanh Mai
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - Thanh-Dao Tran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
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Cao X, Wang X, Ren Y, Sun Y, Yang Z, Ge J, Ping W. Lonicera caerulea L. polyphenols improve short-chain fatty acid levels by reshaping the microbial structure of fermented feces in vitro. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1228700. [PMID: 37965545 PMCID: PMC10641692 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1228700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is closely related to the gut microbiota. Polyphenols have been shown to alleviate T2DM, but the effects of L. caerulea L. polyphenols (LPs) on the gut microbiota and metabolites remain elusive. In this study, the inhibitory effects of fermented L. caerulea L. polyphenols (FLPs) and unfermented L. caerulea L. polyphenols (ULPs) on α-amylase and α-glucosidase and the impact of LP on the gut microbiota and metabolites were investigated. Furthermore, the relationship between the two was revealed through correlation analysis. The results showed that ULP and FLP had the highest inhibitory rates against α-amylase and α-glucosidase at 4 mg ml-1, indicating a strong inhibitory ability. In addition, LP plays a regulatory role in the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and tends to restore them to their normal levels. LP reversed the dysbiosis of the gut microbiota caused by T2DM, as evidenced by an increase in the abundance of bacterial genera such as Lactobacillus, Blautia, and Bacteroides and a decrease in the abundance of bacterial genera such as Escherichia-Shigella and Streptococcus. Similarly, after LP intervention, the relationships among microbial species became more complex and interconnected. In addition, the correlation between the gut microbiota and metabolites was established through correlation analysis. These further findings clarify the mechanism of action of LP against T2DM and provide a new target for T2DM interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinbo Cao
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education and Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region and Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province and School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Xuemeng Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education and Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region and Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province and School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanxin Ren
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education and Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region and Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province and School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Yangcun Sun
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education and Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region and Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province and School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhichao Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education and Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region and Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province and School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Jingping Ge
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education and Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region and Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province and School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Agroecological Safety, Hebei University of Environmental Engineering, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Wenxiang Ping
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education and Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region and Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province and School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Agroecological Safety, Hebei University of Environmental Engineering, Qinhuangdao, China
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Hou Y, Bai L, Wang X, Zhang S, Liu S, Hu J, Gao J, Guo S, Ho CT, Bai N. Gut Microbiota Combined with Serum Metabolomics to Investigate the Hypoglycemic Effect of Actinidia arguta Leaves. Nutrients 2023; 15:4115. [PMID: 37836402 PMCID: PMC10574697 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Actinidia arguta leaves (AAL) are an excellent source of bioactive components for the food industry and possess many functional properties. However, the hypoglycemic effect and mechanism of AAL remain unclear. The aim of this work was to investigate the potential hypoglycemic effect of AAL and explore its possible mechanism using 16S rRNA sequencing and serum metabolomics in diabetic mice induced by high-fat feeding in combination with streptozotocin injection. A total of 25 flavonoids from AAL were isolated and characterized, and the contents of the extract from the AAL ranged from 0.14 mg/g DW to 8.97 mg/g DW. The compound quercetin (2) had the highest content of 8.97 ± 0.09 mg/g DW, and the compound kaempferol-3-O-(2'-O-D-glucopyl)-β-D-rutinoside (12) had the lowest content of 0.14 ± 0.01 mg/g DW. In vivo experimental studies showed that AAL reduced blood glucose and cholesterol levels, improved insulin sensitivity, and ameliorated oxidative stress and liver and kidney pathological damage. In addition, gut microbiota analysis found that AAL significantly reduced the F/B ratio, enriched the beneficial bacteria Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium, and inhibited the harmful bacteria Lactobacillus and Desulfovibrio, thereby playing an active role in intestinal imbalance. In addition, metabolomics analysis showed that AAL could improve amino acid metabolism and arachidonic acid metabolism, thereby exerting a hypoglycemic effect. This study confirmed that AAL can alleviate type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by regulating intestinal flora and interfering with related metabolic pathways, providing a scientific basis for its use as a dietary supplement and for further exploration of the mechanism of AAL against T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Hou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi’an 710069, China; (Y.H.); (S.G.)
| | - Lu Bai
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi’an 710069, China; (Y.H.); (S.G.)
- Instrument Analysis Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi’an 710048, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi’an 710069, China; (Y.H.); (S.G.)
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Shaojing Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi’an 710069, China
- College of Pharmacy, Xi’an Medical University, 1 Xinwang Road, Xi’an 710021, China
| | - Jiabing Hu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi’an 710069, China; (Y.H.); (S.G.)
| | - Jing Gao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi’an 710069, China; (Y.H.); (S.G.)
| | - Sen Guo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi’an 710069, China; (Y.H.); (S.G.)
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Naisheng Bai
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi’an 710069, China; (Y.H.); (S.G.)
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Li HT, Zhong K, Xia YF, Song J, Chen XQ, Zhao W, Zeng XH, Chen TX. Puerarin improves busulfan-induced disruption of spermatogenesis by inhibiting MAPK pathways. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115231. [PMID: 37516022 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Male infertility is a global concern, with a noticeable increase in the decline of spermatogenesis and sperm quality. However, there are limited clinically effective treatments available. This study aimed to investigate the potential effectiveness of puerarin in treating male infertility, which leads to gonadal changes. The results obtained from various analyses such as CASA, immunofluorescence, DIFF-Quick, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining demonstrated that puerarin supplementation significantly alleviated the busulfan-induced reduction in spermatogenesis and sperm quality in both young and adult mice. Furthermore, puerarin exhibited a marked improvement in the damage caused by busulfan to the architecture of seminiferous tubules, causal epididymis, blood-testicular barrier (BTB), as well as spermatogonia and Sertoli cells. Similarly, puerarin significantly reduced the levels of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), malondialdehyde (MDA), and caspase-3 in the testes of busulfan-induced mice, as determined by microplate reader analysis. Additionally, RNA-seq data, RT-qPCR, and western blotting revealed that puerarin restored the abnormal gene expressions induced by busulfan to nearly healthy levels. Notably, puerarin significantly reversed the impact of busulfan on the expression of marker genes involved in spermatogenesis and oxidative stress. Moreover, puerarin suppressed the phosphorylation of p38, ERK1/2, and JNK in the testes, as observed through testicular analysis. Consequently, this study concludes that puerarin may serve as a potential alternative for treating busulfan-induced damage to male fertility by inactivating the testicular MAPK pathways. These findings may pave the way for the use of puerarin in addressing chemotherapy- or other factors-induced male infertility in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Tao Li
- Medical School, Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kun Zhong
- Medical School, Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yun-Fei Xia
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Jian Song
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Chen
- Human Resources Division and Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China.
| | - Xu-Hui Zeng
- Medical School, Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Tian-Xing Chen
- Medical School, Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China.
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Wang X, Hou L, Cui M, Liu J, Wang M, Xie J. The traditional Chinese medicine and non-small cell lung cancer: from a gut microbiome perspective. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1151557. [PMID: 37180438 PMCID: PMC10167031 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1151557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most serious diseases affecting human health today, and current research is focusing on gut flora. There is a correlation between intestinal flora imbalance and lung cancer, but the specific mechanism is not clear. Based on the "lung and large intestine being interior-exteriorly related" and the "lung-intestinal axis" theory. Here, based on the theoretical comparisons of Chinese and western medicine, we summarized the regulation of intestinal flora in NSCLC by active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine and Chinese herbal compounds and their intervention effects, which is conducive to providing new strategies and ideas for clinical prevention and treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelin Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering (School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences), Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi an, China
| | - Liming Hou
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi an, China
| | - Meng Cui
- School of Food Science and Engineering (School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences), Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi an, China
| | - Junnan Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering (School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences), Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi an, China
| | - Mengzhou Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering (School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences), Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi an, China
| | - Jianwu Xie
- School of Food Science and Engineering (School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences), Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi an, China
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10
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Tomou EM, Papakyriakopoulou P, Skaltsa H, Valsami G, Kadoglou NPE. Bio-Actives from Natural Products with Potential Cardioprotective Properties: Isolation, Identification, and Pharmacological Actions of Apigenin, Quercetin, and Silibinin. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052387. [PMID: 36903630 PMCID: PMC10005323 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. As a result, pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical interventions modifying risk factors for CVDs are a top priority of scientific research. Non-pharmaceutical therapeutical approaches, including herbal supplements, have gained growing interest from researchers as part of the therapeutic strategies for primary or secondary prevention of CVDs. Several experimental studies have supported the potential effects of apigenin, quercetin, and silibinin as beneficial supplements in cohorts at risk of CVDs. Accordingly, this comprehensive review focused critically on the cardioprotective effects/mechanisms of the abovementioned three bio-active compounds from natural products. For this purpose, we have included in vitro, preclinical, and clinical studies associated with atherosclerosis and a wide variety of cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity, cardiac injury, and metabolic syndrome). In addition, we attempted to summarize and categorize the laboratory methods for their isolation and identification from plant extracts. This review unveiled many uncertainties which are still unexplored, such as the extrapolation of experimental results to clinical practice, mainly due to the small clinical studies, heterogeneous doses, divergent constituents, and the absence of pharmacodynamic/pharmacokinetic analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina-Michaela Tomou
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Papakyriakopoulou
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Helen Skaltsa
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Valsami
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15784 Athens, Greece
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11
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Kang AW, Sun C, Li HT, Zhong K, Zeng XH, Gu ZF, Li BQ, Zhang XN, Gao JL, Chen TX. Puerarin extends the lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster by activating autophagy. Food Funct 2023; 14:2149-2161. [PMID: 36752212 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02800j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Lifespan longevity has attracted increasing attention with societal development. To counter the effects of aging on longevity, we focused on the natural chemicals of plants. In this study, we investigated the effects of puerarin supplementation on the lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster. Puerarin supplementation significantly extended the lifespan of D. melanogaster at 60 μM and 120 μM by upregulating proteasome subunit beta 5 (prosbeta5) and sirtuin-1 (Sirt1). However, puerarin-induced longevity of male flies (F0 generation) may not be passed on to descendants. Additionally, a puerarin diet for 10 and 25 days did not influence the body weight and food intake of male Canton-S flies. Puerarin significantly improved the climbing ability, starvation resistance, and oxidation resistance of male flies by upregulating the expression of Shaker, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), and Methuselah, and downregulating poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase (PARP-1) and major heat shock 70 kDa protein Aa (HSP70). Moreover, 120 μM puerarin supplementation for 25 days significantly increased adenosine 5' triphosphate (ATP) content by increasing adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) levels. Additionally, the puerarin diet for 25 days suppressed male fecundity in male flies by decreasing the levels of Bam and Punt. Mechanistically, puerarin enhanced lysosome-involved autophagy by promoting the expression of lysosome markers [β-galactosidase and lysosomal associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1)], and elevating the levels of autophagy-related genes, including autophagy-associated gene 1 (ATG1), ATG5, and ATG8b. However, puerarin decreased the phosphorylation of the target of rapamycin (TOR) protein. In conclusion, puerarin is a promising compound for improving the longevity of D. melanogaster by activating autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Wen Kang
- Medical School, Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Chi Sun
- Research Center of Gerontology and Longevity, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China. .,Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Hai-Tao Li
- Medical School, Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Kun Zhong
- Medical School, Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Xu-Hui Zeng
- Medical School, Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Zhi-Feng Gu
- Research Center of Gerontology and Longevity, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.
| | - Bing-Qian Li
- Medical School, Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Xiao-Ning Zhang
- Medical School, Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Jian-Lin Gao
- Research Center of Gerontology and Longevity, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.
| | - Tian-Xing Chen
- Medical School, Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
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12
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Zhang SS, Hou YF, Liu SJ, Guo S, Ho CT, Bai NS. Exploring Active Ingredients, Beneficial Effects, and Potential Mechanism of Allium tenuissimum L. Flower for Treating T2DM Mice Based on Network Pharmacology and Gut Microbiota. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14193980. [PMID: 36235633 PMCID: PMC9571170 DOI: 10.3390/nu14193980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Forty compounds were isolated and characterized from A. tenuissimum flower. Among them, twelve flavonoids showed higher α−glucosidase inhibition activities in vitro than acarbose, especially kaempferol. The molecular docking results showed that the binding of kaempferol to α−glucosidase (GAA) could reduce the hydrolysis of substrates by GAA and reduce the glucose produced by hydrolysis, thus exhibiting α−glucosidase inhibition activities. The in vivo experiment results showed that flavonoids−rich A. tenuissimum flower could decrease blood glucose and reduce lipid accumulation. The protein expression levels of RAC−alpha serine/threonine−protein kinase (AKT1), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARG), and prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 (PTGS2) in liver tissue were increased. In addition, the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio was increased, the level of gut probiotics Bifidobacterium was increased, and the levels of Enterobacteriaceae and Staphylococcus were decreased. The carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, and other pathways related to type 2 diabetes mellitus were activated. This study indicating flavonoids−rich A. tenuissimum flower could improve glycolipid metabolic disorders and inflammation in diabetic mice by modulating the protein expression and gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Yu-Fei Hou
- Department of Food Science, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Shao-Jing Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710021, China
| | - Sen Guo
- Department of Food Science, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Nai-Sheng Bai
- Department of Food Science, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +029-88305208
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Yin W, Zhang SQ, Pang WL, Chen XJ, Wen J, Hou J, Wang C, Song LY, Qiu ZM, Liang PT, Yuan JL, Yang ZS, Bian Y. Tang-Ping-San Decoction Remodel Intestinal Flora and Barrier to Ameliorate Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Rodent Model. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:2563-2581. [PMID: 36035516 PMCID: PMC9400815 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s375572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex genetic disease associated with genetic and environmental factors. Previous studies have shown that changes in the gut microbiota may affect the development of host metabolic diseases and promote the progression of T2DM. Tang-ping-san (TPS) decoction can effectively treat T2DM. However, its specific mechanisms must be evaluated. PATIENTS AND METHODS In the present study, we established an animal model of T2DM using a high‑fat diet (HFD) with intraperitoneal injection streptozotocin injection. RESULTS The therapeutic effect of TPS decoction on T2DM in mice was initially evaluated. TPS decoction was found to improve hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, and pathological liver, pancreatic, and colon changes. Moreover, it reduced the pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. Based on 16SrRNA sequencing, TPS decoction reduced the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio at the phylum level. At the genus level, it increased the relative abundances of Akkermansia, Muribaculaceae, and the Eubacterium coprostanoligenes group and decreased the relative abundance of Fusobacterium, Escherichia coli, Dubosiella, and Helicobacter. CONCLUSION TPS decoction improves T2DM and liver function and reduces the risk of hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, pathological organ changes, and inflammatory reactions. The mechanism of TPS decoction in T2DM can be correlated with the reversal of gut microbiota dysfunction and repair of the intestinal mucosal barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Yin
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Sinomedicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Si-Qi Zhang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Sinomedicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen-Lin Pang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Sinomedicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jiao Chen
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Sinomedicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Wen
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Sinomedicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiong Hou
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Sinomedicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cui Wang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Sinomedicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Yun Song
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Sinomedicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Ming Qiu
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Sinomedicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng-Tao Liang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Sinomedicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia-Li Yuan
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Sinomedicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Shan Yang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Sinomedicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Zhong-Shan Yang; Yao Bian, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-871-65919932, Email ;
| | - Yao Bian
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Sinomedicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
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14
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Su M, Hu R, Tang T, Tang W, Huang C. Review of the correlation between Chinese medicine and intestinal microbiota on the efficacy of diabetes mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1085092. [PMID: 36760813 PMCID: PMC9905712 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1085092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a serious metabolic disorder that can lead to a number of life-threatening complications. Studies have shown that intestinal microbiota is closely related to the development of diabetes, making it a potential target for the treatment of diabetes. In recent years, research on the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), TCM compounds, and prepared Chinese medicines to regulate intestinal microbiota and improve the symptoms of diabetes mellitus is very extensive. We focus on the research progress of TCM active ingredients, herbal compounds, and prepared Chinese medicines in the treatment of diabetes mellitus in this paper. When diabetes occurs, changes in the abundance and function of the intestinal microbiota disrupt the intestinal environment by disrupting the intestinal barrier and fermentation. TCM and its components can increase the abundance of beneficial bacteria while decreasing the abundance of harmful bacteria, regulate the concentration of microbial metabolites, improve insulin sensitivity, regulate lipid metabolism and blood glucose, and reduce inflammation. TCM can be converted into active substances with pharmacological effects by intestinal microbiota, and these active substances can reverse intestinal microecological disorders and improve diabetes symptoms. This can be used as a reference for diabetes prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Su
- Hunan Key Laboratory of The Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Rao Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Ting Tang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Weiwei Tang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Chunxia Huang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of The Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Chunxia Huang,
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