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Hamadani CM, Mahdi F, Merrell A, Flanders J, Cao R, Vashisth P, Dasanayake GS, Darlington DS, Singh G, Pride MC, Monroe WG, Taylor GR, Hunter AN, Roman G, Paris JJ, Tanner EEL. Ionic Liquid Coating-Driven Nanoparticle Delivery to the Brain: Applications for NeuroHIV. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305484. [PMID: 38572510 PMCID: PMC11186118 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Delivering cargo to the central nervous system (CNS) remains a pharmacological challenge. For infectious diseases such as HIV, the CNS acts as a latent reservoir that is inadequately managed by systemic antiretrovirals (ARTs). ARTs thus cannot eradicate HIV, and given CNS infection, patients experience neurological deficits collectively referred to as "neuroHIV". Herein, the development of bioinspired ionic liquid-coated nanoparticles (IL-NPs) for in situ hitchhiking on red blood cells (RBCs) is reported, which enables 48% brain delivery of intracarotid arterial- infused cargo. Moreover, IL choline trans-2-hexenoate (CA2HA 1:2) demonstrates preferential accumulation in parenchymal microglia over endothelial cells post-delivery. This study further demonstrates successful loading of abacavir (ABC), an ART that is challenging to encapsulate, into IL-NPs, and verifies retention of antiviral efficacy in vitro. IL-NPs are not cytotoxic to primary human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and the CA2HA 1:2 coating itself confers notable anti-viremic capacity. In addition, in vitro cell culture assays show markedly increased uptake of IL-NPs into neural cells compared to bare PLGA nanoparticles. This work debuts bioinspired ionic liquids as promising nanoparticle coatings to assist CNS biodistribution and has the potential to revolutionize the delivery of cargos (i.e., drugs, viral vectors) through compartmental barriers such as the blood-brain-barrier (BBB).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine M. Hamadani
- Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryThe University of MississippiUniversityMS38677USA
| | - Fakhri Mahdi
- Department of BioMolecular SciencesThe University of MississippiUniversityMS38677USA
| | - Anya Merrell
- Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryThe University of MississippiUniversityMS38677USA
| | - Jack Flanders
- Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryThe University of MississippiUniversityMS38677USA
| | - Ruofan Cao
- Department of BioMolecular SciencesThe University of MississippiUniversityMS38677USA
| | - Priyavrat Vashisth
- Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryThe University of MississippiUniversityMS38677USA
| | - Gaya S. Dasanayake
- Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryThe University of MississippiUniversityMS38677USA
| | - Donovan S. Darlington
- Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryThe University of MississippiUniversityMS38677USA
| | - Gagandeep Singh
- Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryThe University of MississippiUniversityMS38677USA
| | - Mercedes C. Pride
- Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryThe University of MississippiUniversityMS38677USA
| | - Wake G. Monroe
- Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryThe University of MississippiUniversityMS38677USA
| | - George R. Taylor
- Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryThe University of MississippiUniversityMS38677USA
| | - Alysha N. Hunter
- Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryThe University of MississippiUniversityMS38677USA
| | - Gregg Roman
- Department of BioMolecular SciencesThe University of MississippiUniversityMS38677USA
| | - Jason J. Paris
- Department of BioMolecular SciencesThe University of MississippiUniversityMS38677USA
| | - Eden E. L. Tanner
- Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryThe University of MississippiUniversityMS38677USA
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Uniyal P, Das S, Panwar S, Kukreti N, Nainwal P, Bhatia R. A Comprehensive Review on Imperative Role of Ionic Liquids in Pharmaceutical Sciences. Curr Drug Deliv 2024; 21:1197-1210. [PMID: 37815183 DOI: 10.2174/0115672018255191230921035859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are poorly-coordinated ionic salts that can exist as a liquid at room temperatures (or <100 °C). ILs are also referred to as "designer solvents" because so many of them have been created to solve particular synthetic issues. ILs are regarded as "green solvents" because they have several distinctive qualities, including better ionic conduction, recyclability, improved solvation ability, low volatility, and thermal stability. These have been at the forefront of the most innovative fields of science and technology during the past few years. ILs may be employed in new drug formulation development and drug design in the field of pharmacy for various functions such as improvement of solubility, targeted drug delivery, stabilizer, permeability enhancer, or improvement of bioavailability in the development of pharmaceutical or vaccine dosage formulations. Ionic liquids have become a key component in various areas such as synthetic and catalytic chemistry, extraction, analytics, biotechnology, etc., due to their superior abilities along with highly modifiable potential. This study concentrates on the usage of ILs in various pharmaceutical applications enlisting their numerous purposes from the delivery of drugs to pharmaceutical synthesis. To better comprehend cuttingedge technologies in IL-based drug delivery systems, highly focused mechanistic studies regarding the synthesis/preparation of ILs and their biocompatibility along with the ecotoxicological and biological effects need to be studied. The use of IL techniques can address key issues regarding pharmaceutical preparations such as lower solubility and bioavailability which plays a key role in the lack of effectiveness of significant commercially available drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prerna Uniyal
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun-248002, India
| | - Shibam Das
- Department of pharmaceutical technology, Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Surbhi Panwar
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun-248002, India
| | - Neelima Kukreti
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun-248002, India
| | - Pankaj Nainwal
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun-248002, India
| | - Rohit Bhatia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Ferozpur G.T. Road MOGA-142001, Punjab, India
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Esther Rubavathy SM, Palanisamy K, Priyankha S, Thilagavathi R, Prakash M, Selvam C. Discovery of novel HDAC8 inhibitors from natural compounds by in silico high throughput screening. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:9492-9502. [PMID: 36369945 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2142668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
A class I histone deacetylase HDAC8 is associated with several diseases, including cancer, intellectual impairment and parasite infection. Most of the HDAC inhibitors that have so far been found to inhibit HDAC8 limit their efficacy in the clinic by producing toxicities. It is therefore very desirable to develop specific HDAC8 inhibitors. The emergence of HDAC inhibitors derived from natural sources has become quite popular. In recent decades, it has been shown that naturally occurring HDAC inhibitors have strong anticancer properties. A total of 0.2 million natural compounds were screened against HDAC8 from the Universal Natural Product Database (UNPD). Molecular docking was performed for these natural compounds and the top six hits were obtained. In addition, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were used to evaluate the structural stability and binding affinity of the inhibitors, which showed that the protein-ligand complexes remained stable throughout the 100 ns simulation. MM-PBSA method demonstrated that the selected compounds have high affinity towards HDAC8. We infer from our findings that Hit-1 (-29.35 kcal mol-1), Hit-2 (-29.15 kcal mol-1) and Hit-6 (-30.28 kcal mol-1) have better binding affinity and adhesion to ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity) characteristics against HDAC8. To compare our discussions and result in an effective way. We performed molecular docking, MD and MM-PBSA analysis for the FDA-approved drug romidepsin. The above results show that our hits show better binding affinity than the compound romidepsin (-12.03 ± 4.66 kcal mol-1). The important hotspot residues Asp29, Ile34, Trp141, Phe152, Asp267, Met274 and Tyr306 have significantly contributed to the protein-ligand interaction. These findings suggest that in vitro testing and additional optimization may lead to the development of HDAC8 inhibitors.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Esther Rubavathy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kandhan Palanisamy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Priyankha
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramasamy Thilagavathi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, India
| | - Muthuramalingam Prakash
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chelliah Selvam
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Environmental Health Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, USA
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Pakotiprapha D, Kuhaudomlarp S, Tinikul R, Chanarat S. Bridging the Gap: Can COVID-19 Research Help Combat African Swine Fever? Viruses 2023; 15:1925. [PMID: 37766331 PMCID: PMC10536364 DOI: 10.3390/v15091925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious and economically devastating disease affecting domestic pigs and wild boar, caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV). Despite being harmless to humans, ASF poses significant challenges to the swine industry, due to sudden losses and trade restrictions. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has spurred an unparalleled global research effort, yielding remarkable advancements across scientific disciplines. In this review, we explore the potential technological spillover from COVID-19 research into ASF. Specifically, we assess the applicability of the diagnostic tools, vaccine development strategies, and biosecurity measures developed for COVID-19 for combating ASF. Additionally, we discuss the lessons learned from the pandemic in terms of surveillance systems and their implications for managing ASF. By bridging the gap between COVID-19 and ASF research, we highlight the potential for interdisciplinary collaboration and technological spillovers in the battle against ASF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sittinan Chanarat
- Department of Biochemistry and Center for Excellence in Protein and Enzyme Technology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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Patel U, Desai K, Dabhi RC, Maru JJ, Shrivastav PS. Bioprospecting phytochemicals of Rosmarinus officinalis L. for targeting SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M pro): a computational study. J Mol Model 2023; 29:161. [PMID: 37115321 PMCID: PMC10141822 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-023-05569-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The persistent spread of highly contagious COVID-19 disease is one of the deadliest occurrences in the history of mankind. Despite the distribution of numerous efficacious vaccines and their extensive usage, the perpetual effectiveness of immunization is being catechized. Therefore, discovering an alternative therapy to control and prevent COVID-19 infections has become a top priority. The main protease (Mpro) plays a key role in viral replication, making it an intriguing pharmacological target for SARS-CoV-2. METHODS In this context, virtual screening of thirteen bioactive polyphenols and terpenoids of Rosmarinus officinalis L. was performed using several computational modules including molecular docking, ADMET, drug-likeness characteristics, and molecular dynamic simulation to predict the potential inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro (PDB: 6LU7). The results suggest that apigenin, betulinic acid, luteolin, carnosol, and rosmarinic acid may emerge as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 with acceptable drug-likeness, pharmacokinetics, ADMET characteristics, and binding interactions comparable with remdesivir and favipiravir. These findings imply that some of the active components of Rosmarinus officinalis L. can serve as an effective antiviral source for the development of therapeutics for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Unnati Patel
- Department of Chemistry, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Krishna Desai
- Department of Botany, Bioinformatics and Climate Change Impacts Management, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Ranjitsinh C Dabhi
- Department of Chemistry, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Jayesh J Maru
- Department of Chemistry, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Pranav S Shrivastav
- Department of Chemistry, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India.
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Hamadani CM, Mahdi F, Merrell A, Flanders J, Cao R, Vashisth P, Pride MC, Hunter AN, Singh G, Roman G, Paris JJ, Tanner EEL. Ionic Liquid Coating-Driven Nanoparticle Delivery to the Brain: Applications for NeuroHIV. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2574352. [PMID: 36824802 PMCID: PMC9949257 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2574352/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Delivering cargo to the central nervous system (CNS) remains a pharmacological challenge. For infectious diseases such as HIV, the CNS acts as a latent reservoir that is inadequately managed by systemic antiretrovirals (ARTs). ARTs thus cannot eradicate HIV, and given CNS infection, patients experience an array of neurological deficits that are collectively referred to as 'neuroHIV'. Herein we report the development of bioinspired ionic liquid-coated nanoparticles (IL-NPs) for in situ hitchhiking on red blood cells (RBCs), which enabled 48% delivery of intravenously infused cargo to the brain. Moreover, the ionic liquid (IL) choline trans-2-hexenoate (CA2HA 1:2) demonstrated preferential accumulation in parenchymal microglia over endothelial cells post-delivery. We further demonstrate the successful loading of abacavir (ABC), an ART that is challenging to encapsulate, into the IL-coated NPs and verify the retention of antiviral efficacy in vitro. IL-NPs were not cytotoxic to primary human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and the CA2HA 1:2 coating conferred notable anti-viremic capacity on its own. In addition, in vitro cell culture assays showed markedly increased uptake of IL-coated nanoparticles into neuronal cells compared to bare nanoparticles. This work debuts bioinspired ionic liquids as promising nanoparticle coatings to assist CNS biodistribution and has the potential to revolutionize the delivery of cargos (i.e., drugs, viral vectors) through compartmental barriers such as the blood-brain-barrier (BBB), illustrated in the graphical abstract below.
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7
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Singh MP, Singh N, Mishra D, Ehsan S, Chaturvedi VK, Chaudhary A, Singh V, Vamanu E. Computational Approaches to Designing Antiviral Drugs against COVID-19: A Comprehensive Review. Curr Pharm Des 2023; 29:2601-2617. [PMID: 37916490 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128259795231023193419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
The global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 necessitates innovative strategies for the rapid development of effective treatments. Computational methodologies, such as molecular modelling, molecular dynamics simulations, and artificial intelligence, have emerged as indispensable tools in the drug discovery process. This review aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of these computational approaches and their application in the design of antiviral agents for COVID-19. Starting with an examination of ligand-based and structure-based drug discovery, the review has delved into the intricate ways through which molecular modelling can accelerate the identification of potential therapies. Additionally, the investigation extends to phytochemicals sourced from nature, which have shown promise as potential antiviral agents. Noteworthy compounds, including gallic acid, naringin, hesperidin, Tinospora cordifolia, curcumin, nimbin, azadironic acid, nimbionone, nimbionol, and nimocinol, have exhibited high affinity for COVID-19 Mpro and favourable binding energy profiles compared to current drugs. Although these compounds hold potential, their further validation through in vitro and in vivo experimentation is imperative. Throughout this exploration, the review has emphasized the pivotal role of computational biologists, bioinformaticians, and biotechnologists in driving rapid advancements in clinical research and therapeutic development. By combining state-of-the-art computational techniques with insights from structural and molecular biology, the search for potent antiviral agents has been accelerated. The collaboration between these disciplines holds immense promise in addressing the transmissibility and virulence of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan P Singh
- Centre of Biotechnology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Nidhi Singh
- Centre of Bioinformatics, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Divya Mishra
- Centre of Bioinformatics, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Saba Ehsan
- Centre of Biotechnology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Vivek K Chaturvedi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Anupriya Chaudhary
- Centre of Biotechnology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Veer Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna 800007, India
| | - Emanuel Vamanu
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Bucharest 011464, Romania
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Zaltariov MF, Turtoi M, Peptanariu D, Macsim AM, Clima L, Cojocaru C, Vornicu N, Ciubotaru BI, Bargan A, Calin M, Cazacu M. Chemical Attachment of 5-Nitrosalicylaldimine Motif to Silatrane Resulting in an Organic-Inorganic Structure with High Medicinal Significance. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:2838. [PMID: 36559331 PMCID: PMC9781643 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Two chemical motifs of interest for medicinal chemistry, silatrane as 1-(3-aminopropyl) silatrane (SIL M), and nitro group attached in position 5 to salicylaldehyde, are coupled in a new structure, 1-(3-{[(2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)methylidene]amino}propyl)silatrane (SIL-BS), through an azomethine moiety, also known as a versatile pharmacophore. The high purity isolated compound was structurally characterized by an elemental, spectral, and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Given the structural premises for being a biologically active compound, different specific techniques and protocols have been used to evaluate their in vitro hydrolytic stability in simulated physiological conditions, the cytotoxicity on two cancer cell lines (HepG2 and MCF7), and protein binding ability-with a major role in drug ADME (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism and Excretion), in parallel with those of the SIL M. While the latter had a good biocompatibility, the nitro-silatrane derivative, SIL-BS, exhibited a higher cytotoxic activity on HepG2 and MCF7 cell lines, performance assigned, among others, to the known capacity of the nitro group to promote a specific cytotoxicity by a "activation by reduction" mechanism. Both compounds exhibited increased bio- and muco-adhesiveness, which can favor an optimized therapeutic effect by increased drug permeation and residence time in tumor location. Additional benefits of these compounds have been demonstrated by their antimicrobial activity on several fungi and bacteria species. Molecular docking computations on Human Serum Albumin (HSA) and MPRO COVID-19 protease demonstrated their potential in the development of new drugs for combined therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirela-Fernanda Zaltariov
- Inorganic Polymers Department, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Gr. Ghica Voda 41 A, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mihaela Turtoi
- Medical and Pharmaceutical Bionanotechnologies Laboratory, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology “Nicolae Simionescu” of the Romanian Academy, B.P. Hasdeu 8, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Dragos Peptanariu
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Gr. Ghica Voda 41 A, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ana-Maria Macsim
- NMR Laboratory, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Gr. Ghica Voda 41 A, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Lilia Clima
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Gr. Ghica Voda 41 A, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Corneliu Cojocaru
- Inorganic Polymers Department, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Gr. Ghica Voda 41 A, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Nicoleta Vornicu
- Metropolitan Center of Research T.A.B.O.R, The Metropolitanate of Moldavia and Bukovina, 700066 Iasi, Romania
| | - Bianca-Iulia Ciubotaru
- Inorganic Polymers Department, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Gr. Ghica Voda 41 A, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alexandra Bargan
- Inorganic Polymers Department, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Gr. Ghica Voda 41 A, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Manuela Calin
- Medical and Pharmaceutical Bionanotechnologies Laboratory, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology “Nicolae Simionescu” of the Romanian Academy, B.P. Hasdeu 8, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Maria Cazacu
- Inorganic Polymers Department, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Gr. Ghica Voda 41 A, 700487 Iasi, Romania
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Palanisamy K, Maiyelvaganan KR, Kamalakannan S, Thilagavathi R, Selvam C, Prakash M. In silico screening of potential antiviral inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 main protease. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2022.2136392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kandhan Palanisamy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
| | - K. Rudharachari Maiyelvaganan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
| | - Shanmugasundaram Kamalakannan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
| | - Ramasamy Thilagavathi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, India
| | - Chelliah Selvam
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Environmental Health Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Muthuramalingam Prakash
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
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Counteractive Effects of Choline Geranate (CAGE) ILs and Ethanol on Insulin's Stability-A Leap Forward towards Oral Insulin Formulation. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27155031. [PMID: 35956982 PMCID: PMC9370287 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27155031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Choline geranate (CAGE) ionic liquids (ILs) stabilize insulin, thereby aiding its oral delivery, whereas ethanol (EtOH) affects its stability by disrupting the hydrophobic interactions. In this study, cognizance of the stabilization mechanism of insulin dimer in the presence of both CAGE ILs and EtOH mixtures is achieved through biased and unbiased molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Here, two order parameters are employed to study the insulin dimer dissociation using well-tempered metadynamics (WT-MetaD). The stability of insulin is found to be strongly maintained until a 0.20 mole fraction of EtOH. Besides, higher concentrations of EtOH marginally affect the insulin stability. Moreover, geranate anions form a higher number of H-bonding interactions with water molecules, which aids insulin stabilization. Conversely, the addition of EtOH minimizes the water-mediated H-bonding interactions of geranate. Additionally, geranate traps the EtOH molecules, thereby preventing the interactions between insulin and EtOH. Furthermore, the free energy landscape (FEL) reveals the absence of dimer dissociation along with noticeable deviations in the distances R and the number of contacts Q. The dimerization free energy of insulin was calculated to be −16.1 kcal/mol at a 0.20 mole fraction of EtOH. Moreover, increments in mole fractions of EtOH effectuate a decrease in the insulin stability. Thus, the present study represents CAGE ILs as efficient insulin dimer stabilizes at low concentrations of EtOH.
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Saraswat J, Riaz U, Patel R. In-silico study for the screening and preparation of ionic liquid-AVDs conjugate to combat COVID-19 surge. J Mol Liq 2022; 359:119277. [PMID: 35530033 PMCID: PMC9061583 DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The pandemic due to COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 has led to the recorded deaths worldwide and is still a matter of concern for scientists to find an effective counteragent. The combination therapy is always been a successful attempt in treating various threatful diseases. Recently, Ionic liquids (ILs) are known for their antiviral activity. Fascinating tunable properties of ILs make them a potential candidate for designing the therapeutic agent. The concern while using ILs in biomedical field remains is toxicity therefore, choline-based ILs were used in the study as they are considered to be greener as compared to other ILs. In the present study strategically, we performed the blind molecular docking of antiviral drug (Abacavir, Acyclovir, and Galidesivir)-choline based ILs conjugates with the target protein (Mpro protease). The molecules were screened on the basis of binding energy. The data suggested that the combination of AVDs-ILs have greater antiviral potential as compared to the drugs and ILs alone. Further, the ADME properties and toxicity analysis of the screened conjugates was done which revealed the non-toxicity of the conjugates. Additionally, the energetic profiling of the ILs drugs and their conjugates was done using DFT calculations which revealed the stability of the conjugates and have a better option to be developed as a therapeutic agent. Also, from molecular dynamic simulation was done and results showed the stability of the complex formed between target protein and the designed conjugates of AVDs and ILs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhi Saraswat
- Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Ufana Riaz
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Rajan Patel
- Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
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