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Wu X, Du J, Gao Y, Wang H, Zhang C, Zhang R, He H, Lu GM, Wu Z. Progress and challenges in nitrous oxide decomposition and valorization. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:8379-8423. [PMID: 39007174 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00919j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Nitrous oxide (N2O) decomposition is increasingly acknowledged as a viable strategy for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and addressing ozone depletion, aligning significantly with the UN's sustainable development goals (SDGs) and carbon neutrality objectives. To enhance efficiency in treatment and explore potential valorization, recent developments have introduced novel N2O reduction catalysts and pathways. Despite these advancements, a comprehensive and comparative review is absent. In this review, we undertake a thorough evaluation of N2O treatment technologies from a holistic perspective. First, we summarize and update the recent progress in thermal decomposition, direct catalytic decomposition (deN2O), and selective catalytic reduction of N2O. The scope extends to the catalytic activity of emerging catalysts, including nanostructured materials and single-atom catalysts. Furthermore, we present a detailed account of the mechanisms and applications of room-temperature techniques characterized by low energy consumption and sustainable merits, including photocatalytic and electrocatalytic N2O reduction. This article also underscores the extensive and effective utilization of N2O resources in chemical synthesis scenarios, providing potential avenues for future resource reuse. This review provides an accessible theoretical foundation and a panoramic vision for practical N2O emission controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanhao Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, China Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Industrial Boiler & Furnace Flue Gas Pollution Control, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Jiaxin Du
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, China Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Industrial Boiler & Furnace Flue Gas Pollution Control, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Yanxia Gao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, China Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Industrial Boiler & Furnace Flue Gas Pollution Control, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Haiqiang Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, China Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Industrial Boiler & Furnace Flue Gas Pollution Control, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Changbin Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Runduo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Hong He
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | | | - Zhongbiao Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, China Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Industrial Boiler & Furnace Flue Gas Pollution Control, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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2
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Li W, Jiang H, Zhang X, Lei B, Li L, Zhou H, Zhong M. Sustainable Electrosynthesis of N,N-Dimethylformamide via Relay Catalysis on Synergistic Active Sites. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:21968-21976. [PMID: 39052048 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c07142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Electrified synthesis of high-value organonitrogen chemicals from low-cost carbon- and nitrogen-based feedstocks offers an economically and environmentally appealing alternative to traditional thermocatalytic methods. However, the intricate electrochemical reactions at electrode surfaces pose significant challenges in controlling selectivity and activity, especially for producing complex substances such as N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF). Herein, we tackle this challenge by developing relay catalysis for efficient DMF production using a composite WO2-NiOOH/Ni catalyst with two distinctive active sites. Specifically, WO2 selectively promotes dimethylamine (DMA) electrooxidation to produce strongly surface-bound (CH3)2N*, while nearby NiOOH facilitates methanol electrooxidation to yield more weakly bound *CHO. The disparity in binding energetics of the key C- and N-intermediates expedites C-N coupling at the WO2-NiOOH interface. In situ infrared spectroscopy with isotope-labeling experiments, quasi-in situ electron paramagnetic resonance trapping experiments, and electrochemical operating experiments revealed the C-N coupling mechanism and enhanced DMF-synthesis selectivity and activity. In situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and postreaction transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies verified the stability of WO2-NiOOH/Ni during extended electrochemical operation. A Faradaic efficiency of ∼50% and a production rate of 438 μmol cm-2 h-1 were achieved at an industrially relevant current density of 100 mA cm-2 over an 80 h DMF production period. This study introduces a new paradigm for developing electrothermo relay catalysis for the sustainable and efficient synthesis of valuable organic chemicals with industrial potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihang Li
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Haoyang Jiang
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Bo Lei
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Le Li
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Haoshen Zhou
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Miao Zhong
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing 210023, China
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3
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Pan Y, Zou Y, Ma C, Nga TTT, An Q, Miao R, Xia Z, Fan Y, Dong CL, Liu Q, Wang S. Electrocatalytic Coupling of Nitrate and Formaldehyde for Hexamethylenetetramine Synthesis via C-N Bond Construction and Ring Formation. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:19572-19579. [PMID: 38973100 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c06840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) is extensively used in the defense industry, medicines, food, plastics, rubber, and other applications. Traditional organic synthesis of HMTA relies on ammonia derived from the Haber process at high temperatures and pressures. In contrast, electrochemical methods enable a safe and green one-pot synthesis of HMTA from waste NO3-. However, HMTA synthesis through the electrochemical method is challenging owing to the complex reaction pathways involving C-N bond construction and ring formation. In this study, HMTA was efficiently synthesized over electrochemical oxidation-derived copper (e-OD-Cu), with a yield of 76.8% and a Faradaic efficiency of 74.9% at -0.30 VRHE. The catalytic mechanism and reaction pathway of HMTA synthesis on e-OD-Cu were investigated through a series of in situ characterization methods and density-functional theory calculations. The results demonstrated that the electrocatalytic synthesis of HMTA involved a tandem electrochemical-chemical reaction. Additionally, the results indicated that the presence of Cu vacancies enhanced substrate adsorption and inhibited the further hydrogenation of C═N. Overall, this study provides an electrocatalytic method for HMTA synthesis and an electrochemical strategy for constructing multiple C-N bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centers in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yuqin Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centers in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Chongyang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centers in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Ta Thi Thuy Nga
- Department of Physics, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
| | - Qizheng An
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, P. R. China
| | - Rong Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centers in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Zhongcheng Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centers in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yun Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centers in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Chung-Li Dong
- Department of Physics, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
| | - Qinghua Liu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, P. R. China
| | - Shuangyin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centers in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
- Greater Bay Area Institute for Innovation, Hunan University, Guangzhou 511300, P. R. China
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4
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Zhou W, Feng C, Li X, Jiang X, Jing L, Qi S, Huo Q, Lv M, Chen X, Huang T, Zhao J, Meng N, Yang H, Hu Q, He C. Boosting Electrochemical Urea Synthesis via Constructing Ordered Pd-Zn Active Pair. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2024; 16:247. [PMID: 39008133 PMCID: PMC11250753 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01462-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical co-reduction of nitrate (NO3-) and carbon dioxide (CO2) has been widely regarded as a promising route to produce urea under ambient conditions, however the yield rate of urea has remained limited. Here, we report an atomically ordered intermetallic pallium-zinc (PdZn) electrocatalyst comprising a high density of PdZn pairs for boosting urea electrosynthesis. It is found that Pd and Zn are responsible for the adsorption and activation of NO3- and CO2, respectively, and thus the co-adsorption and co-activation NO3- and CO2 are achieved in ordered PdZn pairs. More importantly, the ordered and well-defined PdZn pairs provide a dual-site geometric structure conducive to the key C-N coupling with a low kinetical barrier, as demonstrated on both operando measurements and theoretical calculations. Consequently, the PdZn electrocatalyst displays excellent performance for the co-reduction to generate urea with a maximum urea Faradaic efficiency of 62.78% and a urea yield rate of 1274.42 μg mg-1 h-1, and the latter is 1.5-fold larger than disordered pairs in PdZn alloys. This work paves new pathways to boost urea electrosynthesis via constructing ordered dual-metal pairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiliang Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Feng
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingxing Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyan Jing
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Qi
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qihua Huo
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Miaoyuan Lv
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinbao Chen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianchi Huang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingwen Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Meng
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hengpan Yang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Hu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chuanxin He
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Chen K, Ma D, Zhang Y, Wang F, Yang X, Wang X, Zhang H, Liu X, Bao R, Chu K. Urea Electrosynthesis from Nitrate and CO 2 on Diatomic Alloys. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2402160. [PMID: 38876146 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202402160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Urea electrosynthesis from co-electrolysis of NO3 - and CO2 (UENC) offers a promising technology for achieving sustainable and efficient urea production. Herein, a diatomic alloy catalyst (CuPd1Rh1-DAA), with mutually isolated Pd and Rh atoms alloyed on Cu substrate, is theoretically designed and experimentally confirmed to be a highly active and selective UENC catalyst. Combining theoretical computations and operando spectroscopic characterizations reveals the synergistic effect of Pd1-Cu and Rh1-Cu active sites to promote the UENC via a tandem catalysis mechanism, where Pd1-Cu site triggers the early C-N coupling and promotes *CO2NO2-to-*CO2NH steps, while Rh1-Cu site facilitates the subsequent protonation step of *CO2NH2 to *COOHNH2 toward the urea formation. Impressively, CuPd1Rh1-DAA assembled in a flow cell presents the highest urea Faradaic efficiency of 72.1% and urea yield rate of 53.2 mmol h-1 gcat -1 at -0.5 V versus RHE, representing nearly the highest performance among all reported UENC catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Danyang Ma
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Fuzhou Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Xing Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Hu Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xijun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, School of Resource, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Rui Bao
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Ke Chu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
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6
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Cao J, Zhao F, Li C, Zhao Q, Gao L, Ma T, Xu H, Ren X, Liu A. Electrocatalytic Synthesis of Urea: An In-depth Investigation from Material Modification to Mechanism Analysis. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2403412. [PMID: 38934550 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202403412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Industrial urea synthesis production uses NH3 from the Haber-Bosch method, followed by the reaction of NH3 with CO2, which is an energy-consuming technique. More thorough evaluations of the electrocatalytic C-N coupling reaction are needed for the urea synthesis development process, catalyst design, and the underlying reaction mechanisms. However, challenges of adsorption and activation of reactant and suppression of side reactions still hinder its development, making the systematic review necessary. This review meticulously outlines the progress in electrochemical urea synthesis by utilizing different nitrogen (NO3 -, N2, NO2 -, and N2O) and carbon (CO2 and CO) sources. Additionally, it delves into advanced methods in materials design, such as doping, facet engineering, alloying, and vacancy introduction. Furthermore, the existing classes of urea synthesis catalysts are clearly defined, which include 2D nanomaterials, materials with Mott-Schottky structure, materials with artificially frustrated Lewis pairs, single-atom catalysts (SACs), and heteronuclear dual-atom catalysts (HDACs). A comprehensive analysis of the benefits, drawbacks, and latest developments in modern urea detection techniques is discussed. It is aspired that this review will serve as a valuable reference for subsequent designs of highly efficient electrocatalysts and the development of strategies to enhance the performance of electrochemical urea synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghui Cao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Ocean and Life Sciences, Leicester International Institute, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, China
| | - Fang Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Ocean and Life Sciences, Leicester International Institute, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, China
| | - Chengjie Li
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Green and High-value Marine Fine Chemical, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Weifang, 262700, China
| | - Qidong Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Ocean and Life Sciences, Leicester International Institute, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, China
| | - Liguo Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Ocean and Life Sciences, Leicester International Institute, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, China
| | - Tingli Ma
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Hao Xu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, 010051, China
| | - Xuefeng Ren
- School of Chemical Engineering, Ocean and Life Sciences, Leicester International Institute, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, China
| | - Anmin Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Ocean and Life Sciences, Leicester International Institute, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, China
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7
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Ramadhany P, Luong Q, Zhang Z, Leverett J, Samorì P, Corrie S, Lovell E, Canbulat I, Daiyan R. State of Play of Critical Mineral-Based Catalysts for Electrochemical E-Refinery to Synthetic Fuels. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2405029. [PMID: 38838055 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202405029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
The pursuit of decarbonization involves leveraging waste CO2 for the production of valuable fuels and chemicals (e.g., ethanol, ethylene, and urea) through the electrochemical CO2 reduction reactions (CO2RR). The efficacy of this process heavily depends on electrocatalyst performance, which is generally reliant on high loading of critical minerals. However, the supply of these minerals is susceptible to shortage and disruption, prompting concerns regarding their usage, particularly in electrocatalysis, requiring swift innovations to mitigate the supply risks. The reliance on critical minerals in catalyst fabrication can be reduced by implementing design strategies that improve the available active sites, thereby increasing the mass activity. This review seeks to discuss and analyze potential strategies, challenges, and opportunities for improving catalyst activity in CO2RR with a special attention to addressing the risks associated with critical mineral scarcity. By shedding light onto these aspects of critical mineral-based catalyst systems, this review aims to inspire the development of high-performance catalysts and facilitates the practical application of CO2RR technology, whilst mitigating adverse economic, environmental, and community impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Putri Ramadhany
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Quang Luong
- School of Minerals and Energy Resources Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Carbon Science and Innovation, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Ziling Zhang
- School of Minerals and Energy Resources Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Carbon Science and Innovation, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Josh Leverett
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Paolo Samorì
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Simon Corrie
- Chemical and Biological Engineering Department, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Carbon Science and Innovation, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Emma Lovell
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Ismet Canbulat
- School of Minerals and Energy Resources Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Carbon Science and Innovation, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Rahman Daiyan
- School of Minerals and Energy Resources Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Carbon Science and Innovation, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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8
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Jiang J, Wu G, Sun M, Liu Y, Yang Y, Du A, Dai L, Mao X, Qin Q. Cu-Mo Dual Sites in Cu-Doped MoSe 2 for Enhanced Electrosynthesis of Urea. ACS NANO 2024; 18:13745-13754. [PMID: 38739489 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The quest for sustainable urea production has directed attention toward electrocatalytic methods that bypass the energy-intensive traditional Haber-Bosch process. This study introduces an approach to urea synthesis through the coreduction of CO2 and NO3- using copper-doped molybdenum diselenide (Cu-MoSe2) with Cu-Mo dual sites as electrocatalysts. The electrocatalytic activity of the Cu-MoSe2 electrode is characterized by a urea yield rate of 1235 μg h-1 mgcat.-1 at -0.7 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode and a maximum Faradaic efficiency of 23.43% at -0.6 V versus RHE. Besides, a continuous urea production with an enhanced average yield rate of 9145 μg h-1 mgcat.-1 can be achieved in a flow cell. These figures represent a substantial advancement over that of the baseline MoSe2 electrode. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations elucidate that Cu doping accelerates *NO2 deoxygenation and significantly decreases the energy barriers for C-N bond formation. Consequently, Cu-MoSe2 demonstrates a more favorable pathway for urea production, enhancing both the efficiency and feasibility of the process. This study offers valuable insights into electrode design and understanding of the facilitated electrochemical pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiadi Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Clean Energy of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, P. R. China
| | - Guanzheng Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Clean Energy of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, P. R. China
| | - Mengmiao Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Clean Energy of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, P. R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Clean Energy of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, P. R. China
| | - Yidong Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Clean Energy of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, P. R. China
| | - Aijun Du
- School of Chemistry and Physics and Centre for Material Science, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology, Gardens Point Campus, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
| | - Lei Dai
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Xin Mao
- School of Chemistry and Physics and Centre for Material Science, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology, Gardens Point Campus, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
| | - Qing Qin
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Clean Energy of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, P. R. China
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9
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Yang C, Yang Z, Zhang W, Chen A, Li Y. Catalysts for C-N coupling in urea electrosynthesis under ambient conditions from carbon dioxide and nitrogenous species. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:5666-5682. [PMID: 38742398 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00981a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Urea is an indispensable nitrogen-containing organic compound in modern human life. However, the current industrial synthesis of urea involves ammonia, which is produced through the Haber-Bosch process under harsh reaction conditions, causing huge energy consumption and heavy environmental pollution. Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogenous species (N2, NOx- and NO) have achieved significant progress, offering a promising approach for the electrochemical C-N coupling to produce urea under ambient conditions. Urea synthesis driven by renewable electricity represents a suitable alternative to the traditional process, contributing to the goal of carbon neutrality and nitrogen cycles. However, challenges such as low yield rate, poor selectivity and unveiled reaction mechanisms still need to be addressed. This review provides a summary of the latest catalysts utilized in urea electrosynthesis, aiming to provide guidance and prospects for the development of high-performance catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunqi Yang
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ziyan Yang
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenxuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China.
| | - Aiping Chen
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuhang Li
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Yavari I, Shaabanzadeh S. Electrochemical Formation of α-Ketoamides from Ketoximes through Non-Beckmann Mechanism Pathway. J Org Chem 2024; 89:6238-6246. [PMID: 38652259 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
α-Ketoamides are highly valued in synthetic chemistry due to their incorporation into diverse natural products and drug molecules. Here, we present an innovative electrochemical approach for constructing α-ketoamides, utilizing a mild and environmentally friendly strategy in a user-friendly undivided cell setup under constant current. The excellent functional-group tolerance, convenient accessibility of reaction instruments and starting materials, and easy scalability collectively enhance the importance of this protocol compared to previous challenging methods. Additionally, mechanistic insight into this reaction is obtained through the investigation of cyclic voltammograms of the reactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issa Yavari
- Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-175, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sina Shaabanzadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-175, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Guo L, Zhou J, Liu F, Meng X, Ma Y, Hao F, Xiong Y, Fan Z. Electronic Structure Design of Transition Metal-Based Catalysts for Electrochemical Carbon Dioxide Reduction. ACS NANO 2024; 18:9823-9851. [PMID: 38546130 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
With the increasingly serious greenhouse effect, the electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR) has garnered widespread attention as it is capable of leveraging renewable energy to convert CO2 into value-added chemicals and fuels. However, the performance of CO2RR can hardly meet expectations because of the diverse intermediates and complicated reaction processes, necessitating the exploitation of highly efficient catalysts. In recent years, with advanced characterization technologies and theoretical simulations, the exploration of catalytic mechanisms has gradually deepened into the electronic structure of catalysts and their interactions with intermediates, which serve as a bridge to facilitate the deeper comprehension of structure-performance relationships. Transition metal-based catalysts (TMCs), extensively applied in electrochemical CO2RR, demonstrate substantial potential for further electronic structure modulation, given their abundance of d electrons. Herein, we discuss the representative feasible strategies to modulate the electronic structure of catalysts, including doping, vacancy, alloying, heterostructure, strain, and phase engineering. These approaches profoundly alter the inherent properties of TMCs and their interaction with intermediates, thereby greatly affecting the reaction rate and pathway of CO2RR. It is believed that the rational electronic structure design and modulation can fundamentally provide viable directions and strategies for the development of advanced catalysts toward efficient electrochemical conversion of CO2 and many other small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Guo
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Fu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Xiang Meng
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Yangbo Ma
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Fengkun Hao
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Yuecheng Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Zhanxi Fan
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy (HKICE), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
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12
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Jia S, Wu L, Liu H, Wang R, Sun X, Han B. Nitrogenous Intermediates in NO x-involved Electrocatalytic Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400033. [PMID: 38225207 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Chemical manufacturing utilizing renewable sources and energy emerges as a promising path towards sustainability and carbon neutrality. The electrocatalytic reactions involving nitrogen oxides (NOx) offered a potential strategy for synthesizing various nitrogenous chemicals. However, it is currently hindered by low selectivity/efficiency and limited reaction pathways, mainly due to the difficulties in controllable generation and utilization of nitrogenous intermediates. In this minireview, focusing on nitrogenous intermediates in NOx-involved electrocatalytic reactions, we discuss newly developed methodologies for studying and controlling the generation, conversion, and utilizing of nitrogenous intermediates, which enable recent developments in NOx-involved electrocatalytic reactions that yield various products, including ammonia (NH3), organonitrogen molecules, and nitrogenous compounds exhibiting unconventional oxidation states. Furthermore, we also make an outlook to highlight future directions in the emerging field of NOx-involved electrocatalytic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunhan Jia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Center for Carbon Neutral Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Limin Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Center for Carbon Neutral Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hanle Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Center for Carbon Neutral Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Ruhan Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Center for Carbon Neutral Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaofu Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Center for Carbon Neutral Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Buxing Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Center for Carbon Neutral Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
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13
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Mancuso F, Fornasiero P, Prato M, Melchionna M, Franco F, Filippini G. Nanostructured electrocatalysts for organic synthetic transformations. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:5926-5940. [PMID: 38441238 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr06669j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Organic chemists have made and are still making enormous efforts toward the development of novel green catalytic synthesis. The necessity arises from the imperative of safeguarding human health and the environment, while ensuring efficient and sustainable chemical production. Within this context, electrocatalysis provides a framework for the design of new organic reactions under mild conditions. Undoubtedly, nanostructured materials are under the spotlight as the most popular and in most cases efficient platforms for advanced organic electrosynthesis. This Minireview focuses on the recent developments in the use of nanostructured electrocatalysts, highlighting the correlation between their chemical structures and resulting catalytic abilities, and pointing to future perspectives for their application in cutting-edge areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Mancuso
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Trieste via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Paolo Fornasiero
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Trieste via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
- Center for Energy, Environment and Transport Giacomo Ciamician and ICCOM-CNR Trieste Research Unit University of Trieste, via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Maurizio Prato
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Trieste via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC BiomaGUNE) Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, 20014, Donostia San Sebastián, Spain
- Basque Foundation for Science Ikerbasque, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Michele Melchionna
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Trieste via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
- Center for Energy, Environment and Transport Giacomo Ciamician and ICCOM-CNR Trieste Research Unit University of Trieste, via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Federico Franco
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Trieste via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Giacomo Filippini
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Trieste via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
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14
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Ren Y, Li S, Yu C, Zheng Y, Wang C, Qian B, Wang L, Fang W, Sun Y, Qiu J. NH 3 Electrosynthesis from N 2 Molecules: Progresses, Challenges, and Future Perspectives. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:6409-6421. [PMID: 38412558 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Green ammonia (NH3), made by using renewable electricity to split nearly limitless nitrogen (N2) molecules, is a vital platform molecule and an ideal fuel to drive the sustainable development of human society without carbon dioxide emission. The NH3 electrosynthesis field currently faces the dilemma of low yield rate and efficiency; however, decoupling the overlapping issues of this area and providing guidelines for its development directions are not trivial because it involves complex reaction process and multidisciplinary entries (for example, electrochemistry, catalysis, interfaces, processes, etc.). In this Perspective, we introduce a classification scheme for NH3 electrosynthesis based on the reaction process, namely, direct (N2 reduction reaction) and indirect electrosynthesis (Li-mediated/plasma-enabled NH3 electrosynthesis). This categorization allows us to finely decouple the complicated reaction pathways and identify the specific rate-determining steps/bottleneck issues for each synthesis approach such as N2 activation, H2 evolution side reaction, solid-electrolyte interphase engineering, plasma process, etc. We then present a detailed overview of the latest progresses on solving these core issues in terms of the whole electrochemical system covering the electrocatalysts, electrodes, electrolytes, electrolyzers, etc. Finally, we discuss the research focuses and the promising strategies for the development of NH3 electrosynthesis in the future with a multiscale perspective of atomistic mechanisms, nanoscale electrocatalysts, microscale electrodes/interfaces, and macroscale electrolyzers/processes. It is expected that this Perspective will provide the readers with an in-depth understanding of the bottleneck issues and insightful guidance on designing the efficient NH3 electrosynthesis systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongwen Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Liaoning Key Lab for Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Shaofeng Li
- Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Chang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Liaoning Key Lab for Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yihan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Liaoning Key Lab for Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Liaoning Key Lab for Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Bingzhi Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Liaoning Key Lab for Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Linshan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Liaoning Key Lab for Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Wenhui Fang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Institute of Clean Energy Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Green Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry of Advanced Materials of Liaoning Province, College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Jieshan Qiu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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15
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Chen L, Wang D. A Tunable Cascade Reaction of Ureidomalonates and Alkenyl Azlactones for the Divergent Synthesis of Hydantoins with Distinct Functional Groups. J Org Chem 2024; 89:3365-3382. [PMID: 38363598 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
A tunable cascade reaction of ureidomalonates and alkenyl azlactones was disclosed, which gave rise to the construction of N-aroyl α-amino acid ester and imide-functionalized hydantoins in moderate to good yields and with excellent diastereoselectivities. The reaction pathway was precisely manipulated by organocatalysis and phase-transfer/sunlight relay catalysis, respectively, to realize the divergent synthesis. The successful gram-scale preparation of representative products exhibited the application potential of this protocol. Mechanistic studies indicated that the exchange and phase transfer of ethoxy anion played a key role in altering the reaction pathway, and sunlight might accelerate the oxidation process at the late stage of the reaction triggered by phase-transfer catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, P. R. China
| | - Di Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, P. R. China
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16
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Li P, Zhu Q, Liu J, Wu T, Song X, Meng Q, Kang X, Sun X, Han B. Efficient C-N coupling for urea electrosynthesis on defective Co 3O 4 with dual-functional sites. Chem Sci 2024; 15:3233-3239. [PMID: 38425518 PMCID: PMC10901497 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06579k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Urea electrosynthesis under ambient conditions is emerging as a promising alternative to conventional synthetic protocols. However, the weak binding of reactants/intermediates on the catalyst surface induces multiple competing pathways, hindering efficient urea production. Herein, we report the synthesis of defective Co3O4 catalysts that integrate dual-functional sites for urea production from CO2 and nitrite. Regulating the reactant adsorption capacity on defective Co3O4 catalysts can efficiently control the competing reaction pathways. The urea yield rate of 3361 mg h-1 gcat-1 was achieved with a corresponding faradaic efficiency (FE) of 26.3% and 100% carbon selectivity at a potential of -0.7 V vs. the reversible hydrogen electrode. Both experimental and theoretical investigations reveal that the introduction of oxygen vacancies efficiently triggers the formation of well-matched adsorption/activation sites, optimizing the adsorption of reactants/intermediates while decreasing the C-N coupling reaction energy. This work offers new insights into the development of dual-functional catalysts based on non-noble transition metal oxides with oxygen vacancies, enabling the efficient electrosynthesis of essential C-N fine chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengsong Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Center for Carbon Neutral Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Qinggong Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Center for Carbon Neutral Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Jiyuan Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Center for Carbon Neutral Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Tianbin Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Center for Carbon Neutral Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Xinning Song
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Center for Carbon Neutral Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Qinglei Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Center for Carbon Neutral Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Xinchen Kang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Center for Carbon Neutral Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Xiaofu Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Center for Carbon Neutral Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Buxing Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Center for Carbon Neutral Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
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17
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Xiao Y, Shen C, Sun C, Yang Y, Yang X, Han L. Screening Efficient C-N Coupling Catalysts for Electrosynthesis of Acetamide and Output Ammonia through a Cascade Strategy of Electrochemical CO 2 and N 2 Reduction Using Cu-Based Nitrogen-Carbon Nanosheets. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38417104 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Due to the limitation of the high-value-added products obtained from electrocatalytic CO2 reduction within an acid environment, introducing additional elements can expand the diversity of the products obtained during the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) and nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR). Thus, coelectroreduction of CO2 and N2 is a new strategy for producing acetamide (CH3CONH2) via both C-C and C-N bond coupling using Cu-based nitrogen-carbon nanosheets. CO2 can reduce to CO, and a key ketene (*C═C═O) can be generated from *CO*CO dimerization; this ketene is postulated as an intermediate in the formation of acetamide. However, most studies focus on promoting the C-C bond formation. Here, we propose that C-N bond coupling can form acetamide through the interaction of *C═C═O with NH3. The acetamide is formed via a nucleophilic attack between *NH3 and the *C═C═O intermediate. The C-N coupling mechanism was successfully applied to expand the variety of nitrogen-containing products obtained from CO2 and N2 coreduction. Thus, we successfully screened Cu2-based graphite and Cu-based C3N4 as catalysts that can produce C2+ compounds by integrating CO dimerization with acetamide synthesis. In addition, we observed that Cu2-based C2N and Cu-based C3N4 catalysts are suitable for the NRR. Cu-based C3N4 showed high CO2RR and NRR activities with small negative limiting potential (UL) values of -0.83 and -0.58 V compared to those of other candidates, respectively. The formation of *COHCOH from *COHCO was considered the rate-determining step (RDS) during acetamide electrosynthesis. The limiting potential value of Cu2-based C2N was only -0.46 V for NH3 synthesis, and the formation of *NNH was via the RDS via an alternating path. The adsorption energy difference analysis both CO2 and N2 compare with the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), suggesting that Cu2-based C2N exhibited the highest CO2RR and NRR selectivity among the 13 analyzed catalysts. The results of this study provide innovative insights into the design principle of Cu-based nitrogen-carbon electrocatalysts for generating highly efficient C-N coupling products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fujian, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Chen Shen
- Institute of Materials Science, TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - Chen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fujian, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Yibing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fujian, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fujian, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Lili Han
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fujian, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
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18
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Wu Q, Zhu F, Wallace G, Yao X, Chen J. Electrocatalysis of nitrogen pollution: transforming nitrogen waste into high-value chemicals. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:557-565. [PMID: 38099452 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00714f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
On 16 June 2023, the United Nations Environment Programme highlighted the severity of nitrogen pollution faced by humans and called for joint action for sustainable nitrogen use. Excess nitrogenous waste (NW: NO, NO2, NO2-, NO3-, etc.) mainly arises from the use of synthetic fertilisers, wastewater discharge, and fossil fuel combustion. Although the amount of NW produced can be minimised by reducing the use of nitrogen fertilisers and fossil fuels, the necessity to feed seven billion people on Earth limits the utility of this approach. Compared to current industrial processes, electrocatalytic NW reduction or CO2-NW co-reduction offers a potentially greener alternative for recycling NW and producing high-value chemicals. However, upgrading this technology to connect upstream and downstream industrial chains is challenging. This viewpoint focuses on electrocatalytic NW reduction, a cutting-edge technology, and highlights the challenges in its practical application. It also discusses future directions to meet the requirements of upstream and downstream industries by optimising production processes, including the pretreatment and supply of nitrogenous raw materials (e.g. flue gas and sewage), design and macroscopic preparation of electrocatalysts, and upscaling of reactors and other auxiliary equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilong Wu
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, Australian Institute for Innovative Materials, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Squires Way, North Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia.
| | - Fangfang Zhu
- School of Advanced Energy, Shenzhen Campus, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, P. R. China.
| | - Gordon Wallace
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, Australian Institute for Innovative Materials, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Squires Way, North Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia.
| | - Xiangdong Yao
- School of Advanced Energy, Shenzhen Campus, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, P. R. China.
| | - Jun Chen
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, Australian Institute for Innovative Materials, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Squires Way, North Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia.
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19
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Tu X, Zhu X, Bo S, Zhang X, Miao R, Wen G, Chen C, Li J, Zhou Y, Liu Q, Chen D, Shao H, Yan D, Li Y, Jia J, Wang S. A Universal Approach for Sustainable Urea Synthesis via Intermediate Assembly at the Electrode/Electrolyte Interface. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317087. [PMID: 38055225 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Electrocatalytic C-N coupling process is indeed a sustainable alternative for direct urea synthesis and co-upgrading of carbon dioxide and nitrate wastes. However, the main challenge lies in the unactivated C-N coupling process. Here, we proposed a strategy of intermediate assembly with alkali metal cations to activate C-N coupling at the electrode/electrolyte interface. Urea synthesis activity follows the trend of Li+
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojin Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaorong Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Shuowen Bo
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoran Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ruping Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Guobin Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Li
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory for Photonic-Thermal-Electrical Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Yangyang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qinghua Liu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Dawei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Huaiyu Shao
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory for Photonic-Thermal-Electrical Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Dafeng Yan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Yafei Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Jianfeng Jia
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Shuangyin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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20
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Huang X, Han X, Tang R, Wu H, Chen S, Chen J, Zeng Z, Deng S, Wang J. Anion-Mediated In Situ Reconstruction of the Bi 2MoO 6 Precatalyst for Enhanced Electrochemical CO 2 Reduction over a Wide Potential Window. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:742-751. [PMID: 38110327 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (eCO2RR) is a viable approach to achieve carbon neutrality. Bismuth-based electrocatalysts demonstrate exceptional selectivity in CO2-to-formate conversion, but their reconstruction mechanisms during the eCO2RR remain elusive. Herein, the reconstruction processes of bismuth molybdate (Bi2MoO6) nanoplates are elucidated during the eCO2RR. Operando and ex situ measurements reveal the in situ partial reduction of Bi2MoO6 to Bi metal, forming Bi@Bi2MoO6 at negative potentials. Meanwhile, CO32- ions in the electrolyte spontaneously exchange with MoO42- in Bi2MoO6. The obtained Bi@Bi2MoO6/Bi2O2CO3 delivers a formate Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 95.2% at -1.0 V. Notably, high formate FEs (>90%) are maintained within a wide 500 mV window. Although computational calculations indicate a higher energy barrier for *OCHO formation on Bi2O2CO3, the prevention of excessive reduction to metal Bi significantly enhances long-term stability. Furthermore, the CO32- ion exchange process occurs in various 2D Bi-containing precatalysts, which should be emphasized in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Han
- School of Resources & Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Rujia Tang
- School of Resources & Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongtao Wu
- School of Future Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Shixia Chen
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingwen Chen
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheling Zeng
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuguang Deng
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
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21
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Shen Y, Long Y, Li F, Ji Y, Cong Y, Jiang B, Zhang Y. SnS 2/MWNTs/sponge electrode combined with plasma dielectric barrier discharge catalytic system: CO 2 reduction and pollutant degradation. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 344:140365. [PMID: 37802478 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
SnS2 nanosheets combined with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were made into sponge electrodes which were used for CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) in dielectric barrier discharges (DBD) system. The amounts of formate and formaldehyde produced by CO2 reduction with SnS2/MWNTs/sponge electrode were 299.52 and 31.62 μmol h-1, which were higher than that of MWNTs/sponge electrodes. The addition of pollutants had different degrees of inhibitory effect on CO2 reduction, among which addition of bisphenol A (BPA) had the smallest effect that the degradation rate of BPA was 94.37% and the C1 products remained 204.43 μmol after 60 min discharge. The mechanism of CO2RR was studied by quencher experiment, and the main contribution order of the active substance in DBD system for CO2RR is: H+>e->·OH>·O2-. It was found that the degradation process of pollutants consumed H+ and e- in solution, thereby inhibiting CO2RR. Generally, the SnS2/MWNTs/sponge electrode provided a reference for the design of catalysts for CO2 reduction and pollutant degradation in plasma gas-liquid system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Shen
- Zhejiang Gongshang University, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yupei Long
- Zhejiang Gongshang University, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Fangying Li
- Zhejiang Gongshang University, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yun Ji
- Zhejiang Gongshang University, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hangzhou, 310018, China; Instrumental Analysis Center of Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yanqing Cong
- Zhejiang Gongshang University, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Boqiong Jiang
- Zhejiang Gongshang University, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hangzhou, 310018, China; Instrumental Analysis Center of Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Zhejiang Gongshang University, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hangzhou, 310018, China; Instrumental Analysis Center of Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
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22
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Wu G, Yang Y, Jiang J, Liu Y, Sun M, Zhang J, Zhang W, Qin Q. Emerging Electrocatalysts in Urea Production. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301619. [PMID: 37403776 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Urea synthesis from abundant CO2 and N-feedstocks via renewable electricity has attracted increasing interests, offering a promising alternative to the industrial-applied Haber-Meiser process. However, the studies toward electrochemical urea production remain scarce and appeal for more research. Herein, in this perspective, an up-to-date overview on the urea electrosynthesis is highlighted and summarized. Firstly, the reaction pathways of urea formation through various feedstocks are comprehensively discussed. Then, we focus on the strategies of materials design to improve C-N coupling efficiency by identifying the descriptor and understanding the reaction mechanism. Finally, the current challenges and disadvantages in this field are reviewed and some future development directions of electrocatalytic urea synthesis are also prospected. This Minireview aims to promote future investigations of the electrochemical urea synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanzheng Wu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, P. R. China
| | - Yidong Yang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, P. R. China
| | - Jiadi Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, P. R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, P. R. China
| | - Mengmiao Sun
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, P. R. China
| | - Jianrui Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Wuyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Fuel Cells and, Electrolyzers Technology of Zhejiang Province, Qianwan Institute of CNITECH, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Qing Qin
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, P. R. China
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23
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Chen R, Li J, Wang J, Yang W, Shen S, Dong F. Continuous NO Upcycling into Ammonia Promoted by SO 2 in Flue Gas: Poison Can Be a Gift. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:12127-12134. [PMID: 37531586 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c04192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Although ammonia (NH3) synthesis efficiency from the NO reduction reaction (NORR) is significantly promoted in recent years, one should note that NO is one of the major air pollutants in the flue gas. The limited NO conversion ratio is still the key challenge for the sustainable development of the NORR route, which potentially contributes more to contaminant emissions rather than its upcycling. Herein, we provide a simple but effective approach for continuous NO reduction into NH3, promoted by coexisting SO2 poison as a gift in the flue gas. It is significant to discover that SO2 plays a decisive role in elevating the capacity of NO absorption and reduction. A unique redox pair of SO2-NO is constructed, which contributes to the exceptionally high conversion ratio for both NO (97.59 ± 1.42%) and SO2 (99.24 ± 0.49%) in a continuous flow. The ultrahigh selectivity for both NO-to-NH3 upcycling (97.14 ± 0.55%) and SO2-to-SO42- purification (92.44 ± 0.71%) is achieved synchronously, demonstrating strong practicability for the value-added conversion of air contaminants. The molecular mechanism is revealed by comprehensive in situ technologies to identify the essential contribution of SO2 to NO upcycling. Besides, realistic practicality is realized by the efficient product recovery and resistance ability against various poisoning effects. The proposed strategy in this work not only achieves a milestone efficiency for NH3 synthesis from the NORR but also raises great concerns about contaminant resourcing in realistic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimin Chen
- Research Center for Carbon-Neutral Environmental & Energy Technology, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, People's Republic of China
| | - Jieyuan Li
- Research Center for Carbon-Neutral Environmental & Energy Technology, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, People's Republic of China
| | - Jielin Wang
- Research Center for Carbon-Neutral Environmental & Energy Technology, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiping Yang
- Research Center for Carbon-Neutral Environmental & Energy Technology, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, People's Republic of China
| | - Shujie Shen
- Research Center for Carbon-Neutral Environmental & Energy Technology, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Dong
- Research Center for Carbon-Neutral Environmental & Energy Technology, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, People's Republic of China
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24
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Lu C, Su Y, Zhu J, Sun J, Zhuang X. Organic-moiety-engineering on copper surface for carbon dioxide reduction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023. [PMID: 37161710 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc01049j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) into value-added products powered by sustainable electricity is considered as one of the most promising strategies for carbon neutrality. Among the products, hydrocarbons, especially ethylene and ethanol are the most desired species due to their wide industrial applications. Copper-based catalysts are currently the very limited option available for catalyzing the reduction of CO2 to multi-carbon products. How to enhance the selectivity and current density is the focus in both academia and industry. In recent years, some organic molecules, oligomers and polymers with well-defined structures have been applied and demonstrated to be effective on enhancing electrocatalytic activity of copper catalysts. However, the molecular/copper interaction and CO2 molecules' behavior at the hetero-interface remain unclear. In this review, we classify the different organic materials which have been applied in the field of electrochemical CO2 reduction. We focus on the regulation of local microenvironment on the copper surface by organic compounds, including surface hydrophobicity, local electric field, local pH, and coverage of intermediates etc. The relationship between local microenvironment and catalytic activity is specifically discussed. This review could provide guidance for the development of more organic/inorganic hybrid catalysts for further promoting CO2 reduction reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenbao Lu
- The meso-Entropy Matter Lab, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Yuezeng Su
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jinhui Zhu
- The meso-Entropy Matter Lab, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Carbon Trade Center, School of Finance, Shanghai Lixin University of Accounting and Finance, No. 995 Shangchuan Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhuang
- The meso-Entropy Matter Lab, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Zhang Jiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201203, China
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