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Mahler M, Reichardt B, Hartjen P, van Lunzen J, Meier C. Stereoselective Synthesis ofD- andL-Carbocyclic Nucleosides by Enzymatically Catalyzed Kinetic Resolution. Chemistry 2012; 18:11046-62. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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2
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3
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Leung LMH, Gibson V, Linclau B. A linchpin carbacyclization approach for the synthesis of carbanucleosides. J Org Chem 2010; 73:9197-206. [PMID: 18975910 DOI: 10.1021/jo801848h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A convenient synthesis of carbanucleosides, with both enantiomers equally accessible, is reported. The key step is a tandem linchpin cyclization process to give access to substituted carbafuranose derivatives having the correct relative stereochemistry for subsequent nucleobase introduction with inversion of configuration at C1. This was illustrated by the synthesis of 2',3'-dideoxycarbathymidine via a convergent nucleobase introduction and of 2',3'-dideoxy-6'-hydroxycarbauridine via a linear nucleobase introduction. Both methods relied on Mitsunobu chemistry, and the first example of the Mukaiyama modification of the Mitsunobu reaction involving nucleobases as nucleophiles is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo M H Leung
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
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4
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Yang Z, Kim KR, Park AY, Lee HR, Kang JA, Kim WH, Chun P, Gong P, Lee B, Jeong LS, Moon HR. Highly Concise Synthesis of 3'-"Up"-ethynyl-5'-methylbicyclo- [3.1.0]hexyl Purine and Pyrimidine Nucleoside Derivatives Using Rhodium(II) Carbenoid Cycloaddition and Highly Diastereoselective Grignard Reaction. CHINESE J CHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201090016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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5
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Li H, Yoo JC, Hong JH. Novel synthesis and anti-HIV activity of 4'-branched exomethylene carbocyclic nucleosides using a ring-closing metathesis of triene. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2009; 27:1238-49. [PMID: 19003569 DOI: 10.1080/15257770802458246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The exomethylene of 6 was successfully constructed from the aldehyde 5 using Eschenmoser's reagents. A triene compound 7 was cyclized successfully using Grubbs' II catalyst to give an exomethylene carbocycle nucleus for the target compound. A Mitsunobu reaction was successfully used to condense the natural bases (adenine, thymine, uracil, and cytosine). The synthesized cytosine analogue 20 showed moderate anti-HIV activity (EC(50) = 10.67 microM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Li
- BK-21 Project Team, College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Kwangju, Republic of Korea
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6
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Paryzek Z, Tabaczka B. THE PREPARATION OF 1-ALLYLURACIL. N(1)-ALKYLATION OF N(3)-PROTECTED URACIL DERIVATIVES. ORG PREP PROCED INT 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/00304940109356610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zdzislaw Paryzek
- a Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University Grunwaldzka , 6 60-780 , Poznan , POLAND
| | - Bartlorniej Tabaczka
- a Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University Grunwaldzka , 6 60-780 , Poznan , POLAND
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7
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Schmitt L, Caperelli CA. Synthesis of the Optically Active Carbocyclic Analogs of the Four 2′-Deoxyribonucleoside Monophosphates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/07328319708002566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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8
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Schmitt L, Caperelli CA. CARBOCYCLIC SUBSTRATES AND INHIBITORS FOR THE BIFUNCTIONAL LYASE OF PURINE NUCLEOTIDE BIOSYNTHESIS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/07328319608002741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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9
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Chen W, Flavin MT, Filler R, Xu ZQ. AN IMPROVED SYNTHESIS OF 9-[2-(DIETHOXYPHOSPHONOMETHOXY)ETHYL]ADENINE AND ITS ANALOGUES WITH OTHER PURINE BASES UTILIZING THE MITSUNOBU REACTION. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/07328319608002731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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10
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Ludek OR, Meier C. Influence of theN3-Protection Group onN1- vs.O2-Alkylation in the Mitsunobu Reaction. European J Org Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200500801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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11
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Takagi C, Sukeda M, Kim HS, Wataya Y, Yabe S, Kitade Y, Matsuda A, Shuto S. Synthesis of 5′-methylenearisteromycin and its 2-fluoro derivative with potent antimalarial activity due to inhibition of the parasite S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase1. Org Biomol Chem 2005; 3:1245-51. [PMID: 15785814 DOI: 10.1039/b418829b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
5'-methylenearisteromycin 5 and its 2-fluoro derivative 6, which were designed as antimalarial agents because of their AdoHcy hydrolase inhibition, were synthesized from D-ribose, using a stereoselective intramolecular radical cyclization as the key step to construct the carbocyclic structure. These compounds were evaluated as AdoHcy hydrolase inhibitors with the recombinant human and malarial parasite enzymes. Although 5 and 6 were both potent inhibitors of the malarial parasite AdoHcy hydrolase, the 2-fluoro derivative 6 proved to be superior due to its lower inhibitory effect on the human enzyme. In addition, 6 was identified as a potent antimalarial agent using an in vitro assay system with Plasmodium falciparum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieko Takagi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
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12
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Gunaga P, Baba M, Jeong LS. Asymmetric synthesis of novel thioiso dideoxynucleosides with exocyclic methylene as potential antiviral agents. J Org Chem 2004; 69:3208-11. [PMID: 15104467 DOI: 10.1021/jo035735b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Novel thioiso pyrimidine and purine nucleosides substituted with exocyclic methylene have been synthesized, starting from D-xylose. The glycosyl donor 14 was synthesized from D-xylose, using cyclization of dimesylate 10 with sodium sulfide as a key step. Cyclization proceeded in pure S(N)2 reaction without going through S(N)1 reaction in the presence of an allylic functional group at low reaction temperature (0 degrees C) in polar solvent (DMF), affording compound 12 as a major product. At higher temperatures, S(N)2' product 11 was almost exclusively obtained as a major product. On the other hand, glycosylation of 14 with 6-chloropurine under Mitsunobu conditions afforded the desired S(N)2 product 26, while palladium-catalyzed glycosylation resulted in the sole formation of S(N)2' product 34.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashantha Gunaga
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
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13
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Ludek OR, Meier C. Synthesis of carbocyclic analogues of thymidine. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2003; 22:683-5. [PMID: 14565253 DOI: 10.1081/ncn-120022700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
A new route towards an enantiomerically pure carbocyclic 2'-deoxyribonucleoside precursor was developed. After coupling with a nucleobase the product is easily accessible for further modifications at the 3'-hydroxy group.
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Affiliation(s)
- O R Ludek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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14
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Franzyk H, Jensen SR, Olsen CE, Rasmussen JH. Synthesis of novel hydroxymethyl substituted analogues related to carbovir and neplanocin A. NUCLEOSIDES, NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2003; 21:23-43. [PMID: 11991147 DOI: 10.1081/ncn-120006528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Two enantiomerically pure hydroxymethyl substituted cyclopentene nucleoside analogues (42 and 53) related to carbovir and neplanocin A, respectively, were prepared from the chiral pool of iridoid glucosides. In addition two saturated hydroxymethylated analogues (44 and 45) were obtained from a protected intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Franzyk
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby
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16
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Yoo SJ, Kim HO, Lim Y, Kim J, Jeong LS. Synthesis of novel (2R,4R)- and (2S,4S)-iso dideoxynucleosides with exocyclic methylene as potential antiviral agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2002; 10:215-26. [PMID: 11738624 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(01)00266-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Novel (2R,4R)- and (2S,4S)-iso dideoxynucleosides with exocyclic methylene have been designed and synthesized, based on the lead BMS-200475 (3) which exhibited potent anti-HBV activity. For the synthesis of D types of (2R,4R)-nucleosides, L-xylose was converted to the key intermediate 14. The intermediate 14 was converted to the uracil derivative 4a and the cytosine derivative 4b. Compound 14 was also converted to the purine derivatives such as adenine derivative 4c, hypoxanthine derivative 4d, and guanine derivative 4e. The corresponding L types of (2S,4S)-enantiomers were more efficiently synthesized from the commercially available 1,2-isopropylidene-D-xylose (20) than the synthetic method used in the synthesis of (2R,4R)-nucleosides. The key intermediate 25 was converted to the pyrimidine analogues 5a and 5b and the purine derivatives 5c, 5d, and 5e using the similar method used in the preparation of 4c, 4d, and 4e. The synthesized final (2R,4R)- and (2S,4S)-nucleosides were tested against several viruses such as HIV-1, HSV-1, HSV-2, HCMV and HBV. (2R,4R)-Adenine analogue 4c exhibited potent anti-HBV activity (EC(50)=1.5 microM in 2.2.15 cells) among compounds tested, while (2R,4R)-uracil derivative 4a was the most active against HCMV among compounds tested and (2R,4R)-adenine derivative 4c was found to be moderately active against the same virus. However, the corresponding (2S,4S)-isomers were found to be totally inactive against all tested viruses. Both (2R,4R)-adenine derivative 4c and (2S,4S)-adenine analogue 5c were totally resistant to the adenosine deaminase like iso-ddA (1). From the molecular modeling study the hydroxymethyl side chains of BMS-200475 (3) and 4c were almost overlapped, indicating that 4c may be suitable for phosphorylation by cellular kinases like the lead 3, but some discrepancy between two bases was observed, indicating why 4c is less potent against HBV than 3. It is concluded that discovery of (2R,4R)-adenine analogue 4c as potent anti-HBV agent suggested that the sugar moiety of this series can be regarded as a novel template for the development of new anti-HBV agent and oxygen atom can be acted as a bioisostere of C-OH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jeong Yoo
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 120-750, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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17
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Abstract
[reaction: see text] Carbocyclic L-2'deoxynucleosides 17 were synthesized on solid phase in four steps from the appropriately protected intermedate 11. The Mitsunobu reaction was used as a condensation method between the carbocyclic moiety and heterocyclic bases. The regioselectivity of the carbocyclic nucleosides was compared between the solid and solution phase syntheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Choo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2352, USA
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18
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Antle VD, Caperelli CA. Synthesis of chiral carbocyclic ribonucleotides. NUCLEOSIDES & NUCLEOTIDES 1999; 18:1911-28. [PMID: 10549145 DOI: 10.1080/07328319908044853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The carbocyclic analogs of CMP, UMP, GMP, IMP, and ribo-TMP, of the same absolute configuration as the naturally occurring beta-D-ribofuranose-based ribonucleoside monophosphates, have been synthesized. The synthetic route employed Mitsunobu coupling of the heterocycles, appropriately protected where necessary, with a differentially protected, chiral carbocyclic core.
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Affiliation(s)
- V D Antle
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, OH 45267-0004, USA
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19
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Moon HR, Kim HO, Chun MW, Jeong LS, Marquez VE. Synthesis of Cyclopropyl-Fused Carbocyclic Nucleosides via the Regioselective Opening of Cyclic Sulfites. J Org Chem 1999; 64:4733-4741. [PMID: 11674546 DOI: 10.1021/jo990010m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The syntheses of some carbocyclic nucleosides that are conformationally locked as "northern" mimics of antiviral active, ring-expanded oxetanocin analogues are reported. The target compounds derived their rigid conformation from a common bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane template. The uracil (3a), cytosine (3b), and adenine (3c) analogues were synthesized from an intermediate cyclic sulfite (12a) that underwent selective ring opening with nucleophiles. Reaction of 12a with sodium azide provided access to the uracil and cytosine analogues (3a and 3b) after construction of the pyrimidine rings, and reaction with the sodium salt of adenine provided an efficient convergent approach to 3c. The preponderance of the undesired N-7 regioisomer obtained from the coupling of 12a with 2-amino-6-chloropurine was unanticipated. Hence, the diol derivative 11 was selectively protected and coupled under Mitsunobu conditions to give, after deprotection, the desired guanine analogue 3d. With the exception of the guanine analogue, the cyclic sulfite chemistry described here represents a useful alternative as a general approach to carbocyclic nucleosides. None of the target nucleosides 3a-d demonstrated significant antiviral activity against HIV-1, HSV-1, HSV-2, and HCMV. Relative to other conformationally rigid, northern carbocyclic analogues that have shown good anti-HSV and anti-HCMV activities, it is concluded that the hydroxymethyl group is a poor substitute for the hydroxyl group in these rigid bicyclic nucleoside templates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Ryong Moon
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Division of Basic Sciences, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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20
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Cadet G, Chan CS, Daniel RY, Davis CP, Guiadeen D, Rodriguez G, Thomas T, Walcott S, Scheiner P. Ring-Expanded Nucleoside Analogues. 1,3-Dioxan-5-yl Pyrimidines. J Org Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jo9715231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gina Cadet
- Department of Natural Science, York College, City University of New York, Jamaica, New York 11451
| | - Ching-See Chan
- Department of Natural Science, York College, City University of New York, Jamaica, New York 11451
| | - Rose Y. Daniel
- Department of Natural Science, York College, City University of New York, Jamaica, New York 11451
| | - Claudette P. Davis
- Department of Natural Science, York College, City University of New York, Jamaica, New York 11451
| | - Deodialsingh Guiadeen
- Department of Natural Science, York College, City University of New York, Jamaica, New York 11451
| | - George Rodriguez
- Department of Natural Science, York College, City University of New York, Jamaica, New York 11451
| | - Tamara Thomas
- Department of Natural Science, York College, City University of New York, Jamaica, New York 11451
| | - Sean Walcott
- Department of Natural Science, York College, City University of New York, Jamaica, New York 11451
| | - Peter Scheiner
- Department of Natural Science, York College, City University of New York, Jamaica, New York 11451
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21
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Jeong LS, Yoo SJ. Synthesis and antiviral activity of novel isodideoxy nucleosides with exocyclic methylene. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1998; 8:847-52. [PMID: 9871553 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(98)00122-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Novel isodideoxy nucleosides with exocyclic methylene were synthesized starting from L-xylose utilizing anomeric demethoxylation, Wittig reaction and Mitsunobu reaction as key steps and evaluated for antiviral activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- L S Jeong
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
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22
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23
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24
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Pérez-Pérez MJ, Doboszewski B, Rozenski J, Herdewijn P. Stereocontrolled synthesis of phosphonate derivatives of tetrahydro- and dihydro-2H-pyranyl nucleosides: The selectivity of the Ferrier rearrangement. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0957-4166(95)00108-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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25
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Synthesis of 2′,3′-dideoxycyclo-2′-pentenyl-3′-C-hydroxymethyl carbocyclic nucleoside analogues as potential anti-viral agents. Tetrahedron 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4020(94)01067-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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