1
|
Mills J, Tessari A, Anastas V, Kumar DS, Rad NS, Lamba S, Cosentini I, Reers A, Zhu Z, Miles WO, Coppola V, Cocucci E, Magliery TJ, Shive H, Davies AE, Rizzotto L, Croce CM, Palmieri D. Nucleolin acute degradation reveals novel functions in cell cycle progression and division in TNBC. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.17.599429. [PMID: 38948867 PMCID: PMC11212942 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.17.599429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Nucleoli are large nuclear sub-compartments where vital processes, such as ribosome assembly, take place. Technical obstacles still limit our understanding of the biological functions of nucleolar proteins in cell homeostasis and cancer pathogenesis. Since most nucleolar proteins are essential, their abrogation cannot be achieved through conventional approaches. Additionally, the biological activities of many nucleolar proteins are connected to their physiological concentration. Thus, artificial overexpression might not fully recapitulate their endogenous functions. Proteolysis-based approaches, such as the Auxin Inducible Degron (AID) system paired with CRISPR/Cas9 knock-in gene-editing, have the potential to overcome these limitations, providing unprecedented characterization of the biological activities of endogenous nucleolar proteins. We applied this system to endogenous nucleolin (NCL), one of the most abundant nucleolar proteins, and characterized the impact of its acute depletion on Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) cell behavior. Abrogation of endogenous NCL reduced proliferation and caused defective cytokinesis, resulting in bi-nucleated tetraploid cells. Bioinformatic analysis of patient data, and quantitative proteomics using our experimental NCL-depleted model, indicated that NCL levels are correlated with the abundance of proteins involved in chromosomal segregation. In conjunction with its effects on sister chromatid dynamics, NCL abrogation enhanced the anti-proliferative effects of chemical inhibitors of mitotic modulators such as the Anaphase Promoting Complex. In summary, using the AID system in combination with CRISPR/Cas9 for endogenous gene editing, our findings indicate a novel role for NCL in supporting the completion of the cell division in TNBC models, and that its abrogation could enhance the therapeutic activity of mitotic-progression inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Mills
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Anna Tessari
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Vollter Anastas
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, 02155, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Damu Sunil Kumar
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Nastaran Samadi Rad
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Saranya Lamba
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ilaria Cosentini
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
- Current address: Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Palermo, Italy
| | - Ashley Reers
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
- Current address: Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, 70118, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Zirui Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
- Chemistry Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Wayne O Miles
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Vincenzo Coppola
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University-James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Emanuele Cocucci
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Thomas J. Magliery
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University-James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Heather Shive
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
- Current address: Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Alexander E. Davies
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
- Current address: Division of Oncological Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, 97239, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Lara Rizzotto
- Gene Editing Shared Resource, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Carlo M. Croce
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Dario Palmieri
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
- Gene Editing Shared Resource, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Peggion C, Massimino ML, Pereira D, Granuzzo S, Righetto F, Bortolotto R, Agostini J, Sartori G, Bertoli A, Lopreiato R. Structural Integrity of Nucleolin Is Required to Suppress TDP-43-Mediated Cytotoxicity in Yeast and Human Cell Models. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17466. [PMID: 38139294 PMCID: PMC10744044 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The Transactivating response (TAR) element DNA-binding of 43 kDa (TDP-43) is mainly implicated in the regulation of gene expression, playing multiple roles in RNA metabolism. Pathologically, it is implicated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and in a class of neurodegenerative diseases broadly going under the name of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). A common hallmark of most forms of such diseases is the presence of TDP-43 insoluble inclusions in the cell cytosol. The molecular mechanisms of TDP-43-related cell toxicity are still unclear, and the contribution to cell damage from either loss of normal TDP-43 function or acquired toxic properties of protein aggregates is yet to be established. Here, we investigate the effects on cell viability of FTLD-related TDP-43 mutations in both yeast and mammalian cell models. Moreover, we focus on nucleolin (NCL) gene, recently identified as a genetic suppressor of TDP-43 toxicity, through a thorough structure/function characterization aimed at understanding the role of NCL domains in rescuing TDP-43-induced cytotoxicity. Using functional and biochemical assays, our data demonstrate that the N-terminus of NCL is necessary, but not sufficient, to exert its antagonizing effects on TDP-43, and further support the relevance of the DNA/RNA binding central region of the protein. Concurrently, data suggest the importance of the NCL nuclear localization for TDP-43 trafficking, possibly related to both TDP-43 physiology and toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Peggion
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | | | - Daniel Pereira
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Department of Bioengineering, iBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sara Granuzzo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Righetto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Raissa Bortolotto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Jessica Agostini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Geppo Sartori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bertoli
- Neuroscience Institute, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Raffaele Lopreiato
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Van den Avont A, Sharma-Walia N. Anti-nucleolin aptamer AS1411: an advancing therapeutic. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1217769. [PMID: 37808518 PMCID: PMC10551449 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1217769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted therapy is highly desirable, as it allows for selective cytotoxicity on diseased cells without off-target side effects. Nucleolin is a remarkable target for cancer therapy given its high abundance, selective presence on the plasma membrane, and multifaceted influence on the initiation and progression of cancer. Nucleolin is a protein overexpressed on the cell membrane in many tumors and serves as a binding protein for several ligands implicated in angiogenesis and tumorigenesis. Nucleolin is present in the cytoplasm, nucleoplasm, and nucleolus and is used by selected pathogens for cell entry. AS1411 is a guanosine-rich oligonucleotide aptamer that binds nucleolin and is internalized in the tumor cells. AS1411 is well tolerated at therapeutic doses and localizes to tumor cells overexpressing nucleolin. AS1411 has a good safety profile with efficacy in relapsed acute myeloid leukemia and renal cell carcinoma producing mild or moderate side effects. The promising potential of AS1411 is its ability to be conjugated to drugs and nanoparticles. When a drug is bound to AS1411, the drug will localize to tumor cells leading to targeted therapy with fewer systemic side effects than traditional practices. AS1411 can also be bound to nanoparticles capable of detecting nucleolin at concentrations far lower than lab techniques used today for cancer diagnosis. AS1411 has a promising potential to change cancer diagnoses and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Neelam Sharma-Walia
- Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Azman MS, Alard EL, Dodel M, Capraro F, Faraway R, Dermit M, Fan W, Chakraborty A, Ule J, Mardakheh FK. An ERK1/2-driven RNA-binding switch in nucleolin drives ribosome biogenesis and pancreatic tumorigenesis downstream of RAS oncogene. EMBO J 2023; 42:e110902. [PMID: 37039106 PMCID: PMC10233377 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022110902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncogenic RAS signaling reprograms gene expression through both transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms. While transcriptional regulation downstream of RAS is relatively well characterized, how RAS post-transcriptionally modulates gene expression to promote malignancy remains largely unclear. Using quantitative RNA interactome capture analysis, we here reveal that oncogenic RAS signaling reshapes the RNA-bound proteomic landscape of pancreatic cancer cells, with a network of nuclear proteins centered around nucleolin displaying enhanced RNA-binding activity. We show that nucleolin is phosphorylated downstream of RAS, which increases its binding to pre-ribosomal RNA (rRNA), boosts rRNA production, and promotes ribosome biogenesis. This nucleolin-dependent enhancement of ribosome biogenesis is crucial for RAS-induced pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and can be targeted therapeutically to inhibit tumor growth. Our results reveal that oncogenic RAS signaling drives ribosome biogenesis by regulating the RNA-binding activity of nucleolin and highlight a crucial role for this mechanism in RAS-mediated tumorigenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad S Azman
- Centre for Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Barts Cancer InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Emilie L Alard
- Centre for Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Barts Cancer InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Martin Dodel
- Centre for Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Barts Cancer InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Federica Capraro
- Centre for Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Barts Cancer InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular BiophysicsKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Rupert Faraway
- The Francis Crick InstituteLondonUK
- Dementia Research InstituteKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Maria Dermit
- Centre for Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Barts Cancer InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Wanling Fan
- Centre for Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Barts Cancer InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Alina Chakraborty
- Centre for Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Barts Cancer InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Jernej Ule
- The Francis Crick InstituteLondonUK
- Dementia Research InstituteKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Faraz K Mardakheh
- Centre for Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Barts Cancer InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Elucidation of the role of nucleolin as a cell surface receptor for nucleic acid-based adjuvants. NPJ Vaccines 2022; 7:115. [PMID: 36202858 PMCID: PMC9537314 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-022-00541-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleic acid-based adjuvants such as CpG oligonucleotides (CpG ODNs) and poly(I:C) are potential vaccine adjuvants for infectious diseases and cancers. However, the mechanism by which their cell surface receptors promote their uptake into dendritic cells (DCs) and shuttle them to intracellular Toll-like receptors remains to be further investigated. Here, we demonstrated a role for nucleolin, a multifunctional DNA- and RNA-binding protein and a major constituent of the nucleolus, as one of the cell-surface receptors for nucleic acid-based adjuvants. Nucleolin on mouse DC surface bound directly to A-type CpG ODN, B-type CpG ODN, and poly(I:C) and promoted their internalization into cells following DC maturation in vitro. In human DCs, nucleolin also contributed to the binding and internalization of both types of CpG ODNs and subsequent cytokine production. Furthermore, nucleolin played a crucial role in cytokine production and activating antigen-specific antibodies and T cell responses induced by B-type CpG ODN in vivo in mice. Our findings provide valuable information that can help improve the efficacy and safety of these adjuvants.
Collapse
|
6
|
Shefer K, Boulos A, Gotea V, Arafat M, Ben Chaim Y, Muharram A, Isaac S, Eden A, Sperling J, Elnitski L, Sperling R. A novel role for nucleolin in splice site selection. RNA Biol 2021; 19:333-352. [PMID: 35220879 PMCID: PMC8890436 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2021.2020455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Latent 5' splice sites, not normally used, are highly abundant in human introns, but are activated under stress and in cancer, generating thousands of nonsense mRNAs. A previously proposed mechanism to suppress latent splicing was shown to be independent of NMD, with a pivotal role for initiator-tRNA independent of protein translation. To further elucidate this mechanism, we searched for nuclear proteins directly bound to initiator-tRNA. Starting with UV-crosslinking, we identified nucleolin (NCL) interacting directly and specifically with initiator-tRNA in the nucleus, but not in the cytoplasm. Next, we show the association of ini-tRNA and NCL with pre-mRNA. We further show that recovery of suppression of latent splicing by initiator-tRNA complementation is NCL dependent. Finally, upon nucleolin knockdown we show activation of latent splicing in hundreds of coding transcripts having important cellular functions. We thus propose nucleolin, a component of the endogenous spliceosome, through its direct binding to initiator-tRNA and its effect on latent splicing, as the first protein of a nuclear quality control mechanism regulating splice site selection to protect cells from latent splicing that can generate defective mRNAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kinneret Shefer
- Department of Genetics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, JerusalemIsrael
| | - Ayub Boulos
- Department of Genetics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, JerusalemIsrael
| | - Valer Gotea
- Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MDUSA
| | - Maram Arafat
- Department of Genetics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, JerusalemIsrael
| | - Yair Ben Chaim
- Department of Natural Sciences, The Open University, RaananaIsrael
| | - Aya Muharram
- Department of Genetics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, JerusalemIsrael
| | - Sara Isaac
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, JerusalemIsrael
| | - Amir Eden
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, JerusalemIsrael
| | - Joseph Sperling
- Department of Organic Chemistry, The Weizmann Institute of Science, RehovotIsrael
| | - Laura Elnitski
- Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MDUSA
| | - Ruth Sperling
- Department of Genetics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, JerusalemIsrael
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Doron‐Mandel E, Koppel I, Abraham O, Rishal I, Smith TP, Buchanan CN, Sahoo PK, Kadlec J, Oses‐Prieto JA, Kawaguchi R, Alber S, Zahavi EE, Di Matteo P, Di Pizio A, Song D, Okladnikov N, Gordon D, Ben‐Dor S, Haffner‐Krausz R, Coppola G, Burlingame AL, Jungwirth P, Twiss JL, Fainzilber M. The glycine arginine-rich domain of the RNA-binding protein nucleolin regulates its subcellular localization. EMBO J 2021; 40:e107158. [PMID: 34515347 PMCID: PMC8521312 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020107158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleolin is a multifunctional RNA Binding Protein (RBP) with diverse subcellular localizations, including the nucleolus in all eukaryotic cells, the plasma membrane in tumor cells, and the axon in neurons. Here we show that the glycine arginine rich (GAR) domain of nucleolin drives subcellular localization via protein-protein interactions with a kinesin light chain. In addition, GAR sequences mediate plasma membrane interactions of nucleolin. Both these modalities are in addition to the already reported involvement of the GAR domain in liquid-liquid phase separation in the nucleolus. Nucleolin transport to axons requires the GAR domain, and heterozygous GAR deletion mice reveal reduced axonal localization of nucleolin cargo mRNAs and enhanced sensory neuron growth. Thus, the GAR domain governs axonal transport of a growth controlling RNA-RBP complex in neurons, and is a versatile localization determinant for different subcellular compartments. Localization determination by GAR domains may explain why GAR mutants in diverse RBPs are associated with neurodegenerative disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ella Doron‐Mandel
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences and Molecular NeuroscienceWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
- Present address:
Department of Biological SciencesColumbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Indrek Koppel
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences and Molecular NeuroscienceWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
- Present address:
Department of Chemistry and BiotechnologyTallinn University of TechnologyTallinnEstonia
| | - Ofri Abraham
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences and Molecular NeuroscienceWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Ida Rishal
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences and Molecular NeuroscienceWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Terika P Smith
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSCUSA
| | | | - Pabitra K Sahoo
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSCUSA
| | - Jan Kadlec
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryCzech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic
| | - Juan A Oses‐Prieto
- Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Riki Kawaguchi
- Departments of Psychiatry and NeurologySemel Institute for Neuroscience and Human BehaviorUniversity of California Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Stefanie Alber
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences and Molecular NeuroscienceWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Eitan Erez Zahavi
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences and Molecular NeuroscienceWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Pierluigi Di Matteo
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences and Molecular NeuroscienceWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Agostina Di Pizio
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences and Molecular NeuroscienceWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Didi‐Andreas Song
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences and Molecular NeuroscienceWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Nataliya Okladnikov
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences and Molecular NeuroscienceWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Dalia Gordon
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences and Molecular NeuroscienceWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Shifra Ben‐Dor
- Bioinformatics UnitLife Sciences Core FacilitiesWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | | | - Giovanni Coppola
- Departments of Psychiatry and NeurologySemel Institute for Neuroscience and Human BehaviorUniversity of California Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Alma L Burlingame
- Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Pavel Jungwirth
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryCzech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic
| | - Jeffery L Twiss
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSCUSA
| | - Mike Fainzilber
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences and Molecular NeuroscienceWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Okuwaki M, Saotome-Nakamura A, Yoshimura M, Saito S, Hirawake-Mogi H, Sekiya T, Nagata K. RNA-recognition motifs and glycine and arginine-rich region cooperatively regulate the nucleolar localization of nucleolin. J Biochem 2021; 169:87-100. [PMID: 32785674 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvaa095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleolin (NCL) is a nucleolar protein i.e. involved in the regulation of the nucleolar structure and functions, and consists of three distinct regions: the N-terminal region; the middle region, which contains four RNA-recognition motifs (RRMs); and the C-terminal glycine- and arginine-rich (GAR) region. The primary function of the RRMs and GAR is thought to be specific RNA binding. However, it is not well understood how these RNA-binding regions of NCL separately or cooperatively regulate its nucleolar localization and functions. To address this issue, we constructed mutant proteins carrying point mutations at the four RRMs individually or deletion of the C-terminal GAR region. We found that the GAR deletion and the mutations in the fourth RRM (RRM4) decreased the nucleolar localization of NCL. Biochemical analyses showed that NCL interacted directly with ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) and G-rich oligonucleotides, and that this interaction was decreased by mutations at RRM1 and RRM4 and GAR deletion. Although GAR deletion decreased the rRNA-binding activity of NCL, the mutant was efficiently coprecipitated with rRNAs and nucleolar proteins from cell extracts. These contradictory results suggest that NCL stably localizes to the nucleoli via the interactions with rRNAs and nucleolar proteins via GAR, RRM1 and RRM4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuru Okuwaki
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
- Department of Infection Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Ai Saotome-Nakamura
- Department of Infection Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Masashi Yoshimura
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Shoko Saito
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
- Department of Infection Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Hiroko Hirawake-Mogi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sekiya
- Department of Infection Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Kyosuke Nagata
- Department of Infection Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Okuwaki M, Saito S, Hirawake-Mogi H, Nagata K. The interaction between nucleophosmin/NPM1 and the large ribosomal subunit precursors contribute to maintaining the nucleolar structure. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1868:118879. [PMID: 33039556 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Nucleoli are sites where both the large and small ribosomal subunits mature. Biochemical assays have suggested that a multivalent nucleolar protein, NPM1/nucleophosmin contributes to the formation of the outer layer of the nucleolus. Prior works show that NPM1 depletion disorganizes the nucleolar structure. However, the mechanism of how NPM1 regulates the nucleolar structure has been unknown. We demonstrated that NPM1 directly interacts with the large ribosomal subunits and maintains them in the nucleolus. Ectopically localized NPM1 efficiently recruits only the large ribosomal subunit precursors, while ectopically localized large ribosomal subunit by the ribosomal protein RPL4 efficiently recruits NPM1. These results suggest that the nucleolar localization of NPM1 and the large ribosomal subunit precursors are mutually dependent. Furthermore, proteomic and localization analyses suggest that NPM1 plays a crucial role in the accumulation of the late processing machinery of the large ribosomal subunits in the nucleolus. Our results suggest that NPM1 maintains the pre-ribosomes and assembly machinery in the nucleolus, which in turn determines the nucleolar volume.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuru Okuwaki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan; Department of Infection Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan.
| | - Shoko Saito
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan; Department of Infection Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Hiroko Hirawake-Mogi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Kyosuke Nagata
- Department of Infection Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kabirian-Dehkordi S, Chalabi-Dchar M, Mertani HC, Le Guellec D, Verrier B, Diaz JJ, Mehrgardi MA, Bouvet P. AS1411-conjugated gold nanoparticles affect cell proliferation through a mechanism that seems independent of nucleolin. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2019; 21:102060. [PMID: 31336175 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2019.102060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
G-rich oligonucleotide, AS1411, has been shown to interact with nucleolin and to inhibit cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth. This antiproliferative action is increased when AS1411 is conjugated to different types of nanoparticles. However, the molecular mechanisms are not known. In this work, we show in several cell lines that optimized AS1411-conjugated gold nanoparticles (GNS-AS1411) inhibit nucleolin expression at the RNA and protein levels. We observed an alteration of the nucleolar structure with a decrease of ribosomal RNA accumulation comparable to what is observed upon nucleolin knock down. However, the expression of genes involved in cell cycle and the cell cycle blockage by GNS-AS1411 are not regulated in the same way as that in cells where nucleolin has been knocked down. These data suggest that the anti-proliferative activity of GNS-AS1411 is not the only consequence of nucleolin targeting and down-regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Kabirian-Dehkordi
- Université de Lyon, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Cancer Cell Plasticity Department, UMR INSERM 1052 CNRS 5286, Centre, Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Department of chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mounira Chalabi-Dchar
- Université de Lyon, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Cancer Cell Plasticity Department, UMR INSERM 1052 CNRS 5286, Centre, Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Hichem C Mertani
- Université de Lyon, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Cancer Cell Plasticity Department, UMR INSERM 1052 CNRS 5286, Centre, Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Dominique Le Guellec
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et d'Ingénierie Thérapeutique, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre, National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lyon, France
| | - Bernard Verrier
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et d'Ingénierie Thérapeutique, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre, National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Diaz
- Université de Lyon, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Cancer Cell Plasticity Department, UMR INSERM 1052 CNRS 5286, Centre, Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | | | - Philippe Bouvet
- Université de Lyon, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Cancer Cell Plasticity Department, UMR INSERM 1052 CNRS 5286, Centre, Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ugrinova I, Petrova M, Chalabi-Dchar M, Bouvet P. Multifaceted Nucleolin Protein and Its Molecular Partners in Oncogenesis. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2017; 111:133-164. [PMID: 29459030 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Discovered in 1973, nucleolin is one of the most abundant phosphoproteins of the nucleolus. The ability of nucleolin to be involved in many cellular processes is probably related to its structural organization and its capability to form many different interactions with other proteins. Many functions of nucleolin affect cellular processes involved in oncogenesis-for instance: in ribosome biogenesis; in DNA repair, remodeling, and genome stability; in cell division and cell survival; in chemokine and growth factor signaling pathways; in angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis; in epithelial-mesenchymal transition; and in stemness. In this review, we will describe the different functions of nucleolin in oncogenesis through its interaction with other proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iva Ugrinova
- "Roumen Tsanev" Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Maria Petrova
- "Roumen Tsanev" Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Mounira Chalabi-Dchar
- Université de Lyon, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Philippe Bouvet
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kumar S, Gomez EC, Chalabi-Dchar M, Rong C, Das S, Ugrinova I, Gaume X, Monier K, Mongelard F, Bouvet P. Integrated analysis of mRNA and miRNA expression in HeLa cells expressing low levels of Nucleolin. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9017. [PMID: 28827664 PMCID: PMC5567140 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09353-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleolin is an essential protein that plays important roles in the regulation of cell cycle and cell proliferation. Its expression is up regulated in many cancer cells but its molecular functions are not well characterized. Nucleolin is present in the nucleus where it regulates gene expression at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Using HeLa cells depleted in nucleolin we performed an mRNA and miRNA transcriptomics analysis to identify biological pathways involving nucleolin. Bioinformatic analysis strongly points to a role of nucleolin in lipid metabolism, and in many signaling pathways. Down regulation of nucleolin is associated with lower level of cholesterol while the amount of fatty acids is increased. This could be explained by the decreased and mis-localized expression of the transcription factor SREBP1 and the down-regulation of enzymes involved in the beta-oxidation and degradation of fatty acids. Functional classification of the miRNA-mRNA target genes revealed that deregulated miRNAs target genes involved in apoptosis, proliferation and signaling pathways. Several of these deregulated miRNAs have been shown to control lipid metabolism. This integrated transcriptomic analysis uncovers new unexpected roles for nucleolin in metabolic regulation and signaling pathways paving the way to better understand the global function of nucleolin within the cell.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Kumar
- BioCOS Life Sciences Private Limited, AECS Layout, B-Block, Singasandra Hosur Road SAAMI Building, 851/A, 3rd Floor, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
| | - Elizabhet Cruz Gomez
- Université de Lyon, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Cancer Cell Plasticity Department, UMR INSERM 1052 CNRS, 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Mounira Chalabi-Dchar
- Université de Lyon, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Cancer Cell Plasticity Department, UMR INSERM 1052 CNRS, 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Cong Rong
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Sadhan Das
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Iva Ugrinova
- Institute of Molecular Biology "Acad. Roumen Tsanev" Bulgarian Academy of Sciences "Acad. G Bonchev str. bl. 21, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Xavier Gaume
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Karine Monier
- Université de Lyon, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Cancer Cell Plasticity Department, UMR INSERM 1052 CNRS, 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Fabien Mongelard
- Université de Lyon, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Cancer Cell Plasticity Department, UMR INSERM 1052 CNRS, 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Philippe Bouvet
- Université de Lyon, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Cancer Cell Plasticity Department, UMR INSERM 1052 CNRS, 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France.
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Goldshmit Y, Schokoroy Trangle S, Afergan F, Iram T, Pinkas-Kramarski R. Nucleolin inhibitor GroA triggers reduction in epidermal growth factor receptor activation: Pharmacological implication for glial scarring after spinal cord injury. J Neurochem 2016; 138:845-58. [PMID: 27399849 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Glial scarring, formed by reactive astrocytes, is one of the major impediments for regeneration after spinal cord injury (SCI). Reactive astrocytes become hypertrophic, proliferate and secrete chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans into the extracellular matrix (ECM). Many studies have demonstrated that epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) can mediate astrocyte reactivity after neurotrauma. Previously we showed that there is crosstalk between nucleolin and EGFR that leads to increased EGFR activation followed by increased cell proliferation. Treatment with the nucleolin inhibitor GroA (AS1411) prevented these effects in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we hypothesized that similar interactions may mediate astrogliosis after SCI. Our results demonstrate that nucleolin and EGFR interaction may play a pivotal role in mediating astrocyte proliferation and reactivity after SCI. Moreover, we demonstrate that treatment with GroA reduces EGFR activation, astrocyte proliferation and chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans secretion, therefore promoting axonal regeneration and sprouting into the lesion site. Our results identify, for the first time, a role for the interaction between nucleolin and EGFR in astrocytes after SCI, indicating that nucleolin inhibitor GroA may be used as a novel treatment after neurotrauma. A major barrier for axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury is glial scar created by reactive and proliferating astrocytes. EGFR mediate astrocyte reactivity. We showed that inhibition of nucleolin by GroA, reduces EGFR activation, which results in attenuation of astrocyte reactivity and proliferation in vivo and in vitro. EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yona Goldshmit
- Department of Neurobiology, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Israel.
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
| | | | - Fabian Afergan
- Department of Neurobiology, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Israel
| | - Tal Iram
- Department of Neurobiology, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Israel
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Xie Q, Guo X, Gu J, Zhang L, Jin H, Huang H, Li J, Huang C. p85α promotes nucleolin transcription and subsequently enhances EGFR mRNA stability and EGF-induced malignant cellular transformation. Oncotarget 2016; 7:16636-49. [PMID: 26918608 PMCID: PMC4941340 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
p85α is a regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) that is a key lipid enzyme for generating phosphatidylinositol 3, 4, 5-trisphosphate, and subsequently activates signaling that ultimately regulates cell cycle progression, cell growth, cytoskeletal changes, and cell migration. In addition to form a complex with the p110 catalytic subunit, p85α also exists as a monomeric form due to that there is a greater abundance of p85α than p110 in many cell types. Our previous studies have demonstrated that monomeric p85α exerts a pro-apoptotic role in UV response through induction of TNF-α gene expression in PI3K-independent manner. In current studies, we identified a novel biological function of p85α as a positive regulator of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression and cell malignant transformation via nucleolin-dependent mechanism. Our results showed that p85α was crucial for EGFR and nucleolin expression and subsequently resulted in an increase of malignant cellular transformation by using both specific knockdown and deletion of p85α in its normal expressed cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that p85α upregulated EGFR protein expression mainly through stabilizing its mRNA, whereas nucleolin (NCL) was able to bind to egfr mRNA and increase its mRNA stability. Consistently, overexpression of NCL in p85α-/- cells restored EGFR mRNA stabilization, protein expression and cell malignant transformation. Moreover, we discovered that p85α upregulated NCL gene transcription via enhancing C-Jun activation. Collectively, our studies demonstrate a novel function of p85α as a positive regulator of EGFR mRNA stability and cell malignant transformation, providing a significant insight into the understanding of biomedical nature of p85α protein in mammalian cells and further supporting that p85α might be a potential target for cancer prevention and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qipeng Xie
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Xirui Guo
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Jiayan Gu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Liping Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Honglei Jin
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA
| | - Haishan Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Jingxia Li
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA
| | - Chuanshu Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Berger CM, Gaume X, Bouvet P. The roles of nucleolin subcellular localization in cancer. Biochimie 2015; 113:78-85. [PMID: 25866190 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2015.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Nucleolin (NCL) is one of the most abundant non ribosomal protein of the nucleolus where it plays a central role in polymerase I transcription. NCL is also found outside of the nucleolus, in the nucleoplasm, cytoplasm as well as on the cell membrane. It acts in all cell compartments to control cellular homeostasis and therefore each cellular pool of NCL can play a different role in cancer development. NCL overexpression and its increased localization at the cell membrane is a common feature of several tumor cells. In cancer cells, NCL overexpression influences cell survival, proliferation and invasion through its action on different cellular pathways. In this review, we describe how the multiple functions of NCL that are associated to its multiple cellular localization can participate to the development of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Madeleine Berger
- Département de Biologie, Master Biosciences, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Laboratoire Joliot-Curie, CNRS USR 3010, 46 allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 7, France
| | - Xavier Gaume
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Laboratoire Joliot-Curie, CNRS USR 3010, 46 allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 7, France
| | - Philippe Bouvet
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Laboratoire Joliot-Curie, CNRS USR 3010, 46 allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 7, France.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wolfson E, Schmukler E, Schokoroy ST, Kloog Y, Pinkas-Kramarski R. Enhancing FTS (Salirasib) efficiency via combinatorial treatment. Biol Cell 2015; 107:130-43. [PMID: 25735913 DOI: 10.1111/boc.201400087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The Ras oncogene transmits signals, which regulate various cellular processes including cell motility, differentiation, growth and death. Since Ras signalling is abnormally activated in more than 30% of human cancers, Ras and its downstream signalling pathways are considered good targets for therapeutic interference. Ras is post-translationally modified by the addition of a farnesyl group, which permits its attachment to the plasma membrane. Exploiting this knowledge, a synthetic Ras inhibitor, S-trans, trans-farnesylthiosalicylic acid (FTS; Salirasib), was developed. FTS resembles the farnesylcysteine group of Ras, and acts as an effective Ras antagonist. In the present review, the effect of FTS in combination with various other drugs, as tested in vitro and in vivo, and its therapeutic potential are discussed. As reviewed, FTS cooperates with diverse therapeutic agents, which significantly improves treatment outcome. Therefore, combinations of FTS with other agents have a potential to serve as anti-cancer or anti-inflammatory therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eya Wolfson
- Department of Neurobiology, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Israel
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Durut N, Sáez-Vásquez J. Nucleolin: dual roles in rDNA chromatin transcription. Gene 2015; 556:7-12. [PMID: 25225127 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Revised: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Nucleolin is a major nucleolar protein conserved in all eukaryotic organisms. It is a multifunctional protein involved in different cellular aspects like chromatin organization and stability, DNA and RNA metabolism, assembly of ribonucleoprotein complexes, cytokinesis, cell proliferation and stress response. The multifunctionality of nucleolin is linked to its tripartite structure, post-translational modifications and its ability of shuttling from and to the nucleolus/nucleoplasm and cytoplasm. Nucleolin has been now studied for many years and its activities and properties have been described in a number of excellent reviews. Here, we overview the role of nucleolin in RNA polymerase I (RNAPI) transcription and describe recent results concerning its functional interaction with rDNA chromatin organization. For a long time, nucleolin has been associated with rRNA gene expression and pre-rRNA processing. However, the functional connection between nucleolin and active versus inactive rRNA genes is still not fully understood. Novel evidence indicates that the nucleolin protein might be required for controlling the transcriptional ON/OFF states of rDNA chromatin in both mammals and plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Durut
- CNRS, Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, UMR 5096, 66860 Perpignan, France; Univ. Perpignan Via Domitia, Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, UMR 5096, F-66860 Perpignan, France
| | - Julio Sáez-Vásquez
- CNRS, Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, UMR 5096, 66860 Perpignan, France; Univ. Perpignan Via Domitia, Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, UMR 5096, F-66860 Perpignan, France.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Xiao S, Caglar E, Maldonado P, Das D, Nadeem Z, Chi A, Trinité B, Li X, Saxena A. Induced expression of nucleolin phosphorylation-deficient mutant confers dominant-negative effect on cell proliferation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109858. [PMID: 25313645 PMCID: PMC4196967 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleolin (NCL) is a major nucleolar phosphoprotein that has pleiotropic effects on cell proliferation and is elevated in a variety of tumors. NCL is highly phosphorylated at the N-terminus by two major kinases: interphase casein kinase 2 (CK2) and mitotic cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1). Earlier we demonstrated that a NCL-mutant that is partly defective in undergoing phosphorylation by CK2 inhibits chromosomal replication through its interactions with Replication Protein A, mimicking the cellular response to DNA damage. We further delineated that the N-terminus of NCL associates with Hdm2, the most common E3 ubiquitin ligase of p53. We reported that NCL antagonizes Hdm2 to stabilize p53 and stimulates p53 transcriptional activity. Although NCL-phosphorylation by CK2 and ribosomal DNA transcription are closely coordinated during interphase, the role of NCL phosphorylation in regulating cell proliferation remains unexplored. We have therefore engineered unique human cells that specifically induce expression of NCL-wild type (WT) or a phosphorylation-deficient NCL-mutant, 6/S*A where all the six CK2 consensus serine sites residing in the N-terminus NCL were mutated to alanine. Here we show that this NCL-mutant is defective in undergoing phosphorylation by CK2. We also demonstrate that NCL-phosphorylation by CK2 is required through the S-phase progression in cell cycle and hence proliferation. Induced expression of NCL with mutated CK2 phosphorylation sites stabilizes p53, results in higher expression of Bcl2 (B-cell lymphoma 2) homology 3 (BH3)-only apoptotic markers and causes a dominant-negative effect on cell viability. Our unique cellular system thus provides the first evidential support to delineate phospho-specific functions of NCL on cell proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shu Xiao
- Biology Department, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
- City University of New York, Graduate Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Elif Caglar
- Biology Department, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Priscilla Maldonado
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Dibash Das
- Biology Department, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
- City University of New York, Graduate Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Zaineb Nadeem
- Biology Department, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Angela Chi
- Great Neck South High School, Great Neck, New York, United States of America
| | - Benjamin Trinité
- New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Xin Li
- New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Anjana Saxena
- Biology Department, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
- City University of New York, Graduate Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Goldshmit Y, Trangle SS, Kloog Y, Pinkas-Kramarski R. Interfering with the interaction between ErbB1, nucleolin and Ras as a potential treatment for glioblastoma. Oncotarget 2014; 5:8602-13. [PMID: 25261371 PMCID: PMC4226707 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The three oncogenes, ErbB receptors, Ras proteins and nucleolin may contribute to malignant transformation. Previously, we demonstrated that nucleolin could bind both Ras protein and ErbB receptors. We also showed that the crosstalk between the three proteins facilitates anchorage independent growth and tumor growth in nude mice, and that inhibition of this interaction in prostate and colon cancer cells reduces tumorigenicity. In the present study, we show that treatment with Ras and nucleolin inhibitors reduces the oncogenic effect induced by ErbB1 receptor in U87-MG cells. This combined treatment enhances cell death, reduces cell proliferation and cell migration. Moreover, we demonstrate a pivotal role of nucleolin in ErbB1 activation by its ligand. Nucleolin inhibitor prevents EGF-induced receptor activation and its downstream signaling followed by reduced proliferation. Furthermore, inhibition of Ras by Salirasib (FTS), mainly reduces cell viability and motility. The combined treatment, which targets both Ras and nucleolin, additively reduces tumorigenicity both in vitro and in vivo. These results suggest that targeting both nucleolin and Ras may represent an additional opportunity for inhibiting cancers, including glioblastoma, that are driven by these oncogenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yona Goldshmit
- Department of Neurobiology, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Israel
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Australia
| | | | - Yoel Kloog
- Department of Neurobiology, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Israel
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Su L, Zheng H, Li Z, Qiu J, Chen S, Liu J, Ou TM, Tan JH, Gu LQ, Huang ZS, Li D. Mechanistic studies on the anticancer activity of 2,4-disubstituted quinazoline derivative. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2014; 1840:3123-30. [PMID: 25018006 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accelerated proliferation of solid tumor and hematologic cancer cells is related to accelerated transcription of ribosomal DNA by the RNA polymerase I to produce elevated level of ribosomal RNA. Therefore, down-regulation of RNA polymerase I transcription in cancer cells is an important anticancer therapeutic strategy. METHODS A variety of methods were used, including cloning, expression and purification of protein, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), circular dichroic (CD) spectroscopy, CD-melting, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), chromatin immunoprecipitation (Ch-IP), RNA interference, RT-PCR, Western blot, and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) cell assay. RESULTS Our results showed that 2,4-disubstituted quinazoline derivative Sysu12d could down-regulate c-myc through stabilization of c-myc promoter G-quadruplex, resulting in down-regulation of nucleolin expression. Sysu12d could also disrupt nucleolin/G-quadruplex complex. Both of the above contributed to the down-regulation of ribosomal RNA synthesis, followed by activation of p53 and then cancer cell apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS These mechanistic studies set up the basis for further development of Sysu12d as a new type of lead compound for cancer treatment. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE 2,4-Disubstituted quinazoline derivatives may have multi-functional effect for cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou University City, 132 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Huaqin Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou University City, 132 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Zeng Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou University City, 132 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jun Qiu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou University City, 132 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Siqi Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou University City, 132 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jinggong Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou University City, 132 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Tian-Miao Ou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou University City, 132 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jia-Heng Tan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou University City, 132 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Lian-Quan Gu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou University City, 132 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Zhi-Shu Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou University City, 132 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Ding Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou University City, 132 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Fujiki H, Watanabe T, Suganuma M. Cell-surface nucleolin acts as a central mediator for carcinogenic, anti-carcinogenic, and disease-related ligands. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2014; 140:689-99. [PMID: 24469254 PMCID: PMC3983879 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-014-1587-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cell-surface nucleolin in human gastric cancer cell lines is a receptor for TNF-α-inducing protein (Tipα) of Helicobacter pylori. The binding complex of nucleolin and Tipα is internalized into the cells and then induces tumor progression of human gastric cancer. Surface nucleolin is also a receptor of human immunodeficiency virus-1, and the anti-HIV pseudopeptide (HB-19) showed anti-carcinogenic activity in vivo. Surface nucleolin has dual functions depending on the ligands: In order to understand the mechanisms of surface nucleolin, it is necessary to review surface nucleolin and its relation to carcinogenic ligands and anti-carcinogenic ligands. Other ligands can be grouped among disease-related ligands, which is an important new topic for the prevention of various ailments. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION This paper mainly deals with two ligands of surface nucleolin, Tipα and pseudopeptide HB-19. The binding complex of nucleolin and Tipα induces expression of TNF-α and chemokine genes and activates NF-κB in gastric cancer cells of humans and mice. However, when human gastric cancer cell line MKN-1 was transfected with nucleolin-targeted siRNA, the result was inhibition of cell migration and elongation induced by Tipα. The amount of surface nucleolin was reduced in membrane fraction of the nucleolin knockdown MKN-1 cells, but the amount of nucleolin in the cytosol or nuclear fractions of the cells did not change. The results indicate that surface nucleolin acts as a carcinogenic mediator for Tipα of H. pylori. In contrast, both the viral external envelop glycoprotein gp120 of HIV and the anti-HIV pseudopeptide HB-19 bind to surface nucleolin. Through this binding, treatment with HB-19 inhibited tumor development in human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 and rhabdoid tumor cell line derived from Wilms's tumor in xenograft nude mouse models. The results show that surface nucleolin acts as an anti-carcinogenic mediator for HB-19. CONCLUSION Based on these discrete functions of surface nucleolin, the binding complex of carcinogenic ligands and surface nucleolin seems to be competing with that of anti-carcinogenic ligands and surface nucleolin. Moreover, carcinogenic ligands derived from endogenous sources play a significant role in human cancer development, and the interaction of surface nucleolin with disease-related ligands will be a new research subject for the prevention and treatment of various ailments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hirota Fujiki
- Research Institute for Clinical Oncology, Saitama Cancer Center, Saitama, 362-0806, Japan,
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Cong R, Das S, Douet J, Wong J, Buschbeck M, Mongelard F, Bouvet P. macroH2A1 histone variant represses rDNA transcription. Nucleic Acids Res 2014; 42:181-92. [PMID: 24071584 PMCID: PMC3874179 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkt863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Revised: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The regulation of ribosomal DNA transcription is an important step for the control of cell growth. Epigenetic marks such as DNA methylation and posttranslational modifications of canonical histones have been involved in this regulation, but much less is known about the role of histone variants. In this work, we show that the histone variant macroH2A1 is present on the promoter of methylated rDNA genes. The inhibition of the expression of macroH2A1 in human HeLa and HepG2 cells and in a mouse ES cell line resulted in an up to 5-fold increase of pre-rRNA levels. This increased accumulation of pre-rRNA is accompanied by an increase of the loading of RNA polymerase I and UBF on the rDNA without any changes in the number of active rDNA genes. The inhibition of RNA polymerase I transcription by actinomycin D or by knocking down nucleolin, induces the recruitment of macroH2A1 on the rDNA and the relocalization of macroH2A1 in the nucleolus. Interestingly, the inhibition of rDNA transcription induced by nucleolin depletion is alleviated by the inactivation of macroH2A1. These results demonstrate that macroH2A1 is a new factor involved in the regulation of rDNA transcription.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Cong
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS USR 3010, Laboratoire Joliot-Curie, 69364 Lyon, France, The Institute of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (IMPPC), 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain and The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Sadhan Das
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS USR 3010, Laboratoire Joliot-Curie, 69364 Lyon, France, The Institute of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (IMPPC), 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain and The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Julien Douet
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS USR 3010, Laboratoire Joliot-Curie, 69364 Lyon, France, The Institute of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (IMPPC), 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain and The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jiemin Wong
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS USR 3010, Laboratoire Joliot-Curie, 69364 Lyon, France, The Institute of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (IMPPC), 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain and The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Marcus Buschbeck
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS USR 3010, Laboratoire Joliot-Curie, 69364 Lyon, France, The Institute of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (IMPPC), 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain and The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Fabien Mongelard
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS USR 3010, Laboratoire Joliot-Curie, 69364 Lyon, France, The Institute of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (IMPPC), 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain and The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Philippe Bouvet
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS USR 3010, Laboratoire Joliot-Curie, 69364 Lyon, France, The Institute of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (IMPPC), 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain and The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Schokoroy S, Juster D, Kloog Y, Pinkas-Kramarski R. Disrupting the oncogenic synergism between nucleolin and Ras results in cell growth inhibition and cell death. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75269. [PMID: 24086490 PMCID: PMC3782480 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ErbB receptors, Ras proteins and nucleolin are major contributors to malignant transformation. The pleiotropic protein nucleolin can bind to both Ras protein and ErbB receptors. Previously, we have demonstrated a crosstalk between Ras, nucleolin and the ErbB1 receptor. Activated Ras facilitates nucleolin interaction with ErbB1 and stabilizes ErbB1 levels. The three oncogenes synergistically facilitate anchorage independent growth and tumor growth in nude mice. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS In the present study we used several cancer cell lines. The effect of Ras and nucleolin inhibition was determined using cell growth, cell death and cell motility assays. Protein expression was determined by immunohistochemistry. We found that inhibition of Ras and nucleolin reduces tumor cell growth, enhances cell death and inhibits anchorage independent growth. Our results reveal that the combined treatment affects Ras and nucleolin levels and localization. Our study also indicates that Salirasib (FTS, Ras inhibitor) reduces cell motility, which is not affected by the nucleolin inhibitor. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE These results suggest that targeting both nucleolin and Ras may represent an additional avenue for inhibiting cancers driven by these oncogenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sari Schokoroy
- Department of Neurobiology, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Israel
| | - Dolly Juster
- Department of Neurobiology, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Israel
| | - Yoel Kloog
- Department of Neurobiology, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Israel
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Das S, Cong R, Shandilya J, Senapati P, Moindrot B, Monier K, Delage H, Mongelard F, Kumar S, Kundu TK, Bouvet P. Characterization of nucleolin K88 acetylation defines a new pool of nucleolin colocalizing with pre-mRNA splicing factors. FEBS Lett 2013; 587:417-24. [PMID: 23353999 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Revised: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Nucleolin is a multifunctional protein that carries several post-translational modifications. We characterized nucleolin acetylation and developed antibodies specific to nucleolin K88 acetylation. Using this antibody we show that nucleolin is acetylated in vivo and is not localized in the nucleoli, but instead is distributed throughout the nucleoplasm. Immunofluorescence studies indicate that acetylated nucleolin is co-localized with the splicing factor SC35 and partially with Y12. Acetylated nucleolin is expressed in all tested proliferating cell types. Our findings show that acetylation defines a new pool of nucleolin which support a role for nucleolin in the regulation of mRNA maturation and transcription by RNA polymerase II.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sadhan Das
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS USR 3010, Laboratoire Joliot-Curie, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Peddigari S, Li PWL, Rabe JL, Martin SL. hnRNPL and nucleolin bind LINE-1 RNA and function as host factors to modulate retrotransposition. Nucleic Acids Res 2013; 41:575-85. [PMID: 23161687 PMCID: PMC3592465 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gks1075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2012] [Revised: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 10/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Long INterspersed Element one (LINE-1, or L1), is a widely distributed, autonomous retrotransposon in mammalian genomes. During retrotransposition, L1 RNA functions first as a dicistronic mRNA and then as a template for cDNA synthesis. Previously, we defined internal ribosome entry sequences (IRESs) upstream of both ORFs (ORF1 and ORF2) in the dicistronic mRNA encoded by mouse L1. Here, RNA affinity chromatography was used to isolate cellular proteins that bind these regions of L1 RNA. Four proteins, the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) R, Q and L, and nucleolin (NCL), appeared to interact specifically with the ORF2 IRES. These were depleted from HeLa cells to examine their effects on L1 IRES-mediated translation and L1 retrotransposition. NCL knockdown specifically reduced the ORF2 IRES activity, L1 and L1-assisted Alu retrotransposition without altering L1 RNA or protein abundance. These findings are consistent with NCL acting as an IRES trans-acting factor (ITAF) for ORF2 translation and hence a positive host factor for L1 retrotransposition. In contrast, hnRNPL knockdown dramatically increased L1 retrotransposition as well as L1 RNA and ORF1 protein, indicating that this cellular protein normally interferes with retrotransposition. Thus, hnRNPL joins a small, but growing list of cellular proteins that are potent negative regulators of L1 retrotransposition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Peddigari
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, PO Box 6511, MS 8108, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Xie Z, Jiang Y, Liao EY, Chen Y, Pennypacker SD, Peng J, Chang SM. PIKE mediates EGFR proliferative signaling in squamous cell carcinoma cells. Oncogene 2012; 31:5090-8. [PMID: 22349826 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2012.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2011] [Accepted: 12/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
One of the key drivers for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) proliferation is activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a known proto-oncogene. However, the mechanism of EGFR-dependent SCC proliferation remains unclear. Our previous studies indicate that epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced SCC cell proliferation requires the SH3 domain of phospholipase C-γ1 (PLC-γ1), but not its catalytic activity. The SH3 domain of PLC-γ1 is known to activate the short form of nuclear phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase enhancer (PIKE) that enhances the activity of nuclear class Ia phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) required for proliferation. However, PIKE has been described for more than a decade to be present exclusively in neuronal cells. In the present study, we found that PIKE was highly expressed in malignant human keratinocytes (SCC4 and SCC12B2) but had low expression in normal human keratinocytes. Immunohistochemical analysis showed strong nuclear staining of PIKE in human epidermal and tongue SCC specimens but little staining in the adjacent non-cancerous epithelium. Treatment of SCC4 cells with EGF-induced translocation of PLC-γ1 to the nucleus and binding of PLC-γ1 to the nuclear PIKE. Knockdown of PLC-γ1 or PIKE blocked EGF-induced activation of class Ia PI3K and protein kinase C-ζ and phosphorylation of nucleolin in the nucleus as well as EGF-induced SCC cell proliferation. However, inhibition of the catalytic activity of PLC-γ1 had little effect. These data suggest that PIKE has a critical role in EGF-induced SCC cell proliferation and may function as a proto-oncogene in SCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Xie
- Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Cong R, Das S, Ugrinova I, Kumar S, Mongelard F, Wong J, Bouvet P. Interaction of nucleolin with ribosomal RNA genes and its role in RNA polymerase I transcription. Nucleic Acids Res 2012; 40:9441-54. [PMID: 22859736 PMCID: PMC3479187 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gks720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2011] [Revised: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 07/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleolin is a multi-functional nucleolar protein that is required for ribosomal RNA gene (rRNA) transcription in vivo, but the mechanism by which nucleolin modulates RNA polymerase I (RNAPI) transcription is not well understood. Nucleolin depletion results in an increase in the heterochromatin mark H3K9me2 and a decrease in H4K12Ac and H3K4me3 euchromatin histone marks in rRNA genes. ChIP-seq experiments identified an enrichment of nucleolin in the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) coding and promoter region. Nucleolin is preferentially associated with unmethylated rRNA genes and its depletion leads to the accumulation of RNAPI at the beginning of the transcription unit and a decrease in UBF along the coding and promoter regions. Nucleolin is able to affect the binding of transcription termination factor-1 on the promoter-proximal terminator T0, thus inhibiting the recruitment of TIP5 and HDAC1 and the establishment of a repressive heterochromatin state. These results reveal the importance of nucleolin for the maintenance of the euchromatin state and transcription elongation of rDNA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Cong
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS USR 3010, Laboratoire Joliot-Curie, 69364 Lyon, France, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China and BioCOS Life Sciences Private Limited, Biotech Park, Electronics City, Phase-1, Bangalore 560100, India
| | - Sadhan Das
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS USR 3010, Laboratoire Joliot-Curie, 69364 Lyon, France, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China and BioCOS Life Sciences Private Limited, Biotech Park, Electronics City, Phase-1, Bangalore 560100, India
| | - Iva Ugrinova
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS USR 3010, Laboratoire Joliot-Curie, 69364 Lyon, France, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China and BioCOS Life Sciences Private Limited, Biotech Park, Electronics City, Phase-1, Bangalore 560100, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS USR 3010, Laboratoire Joliot-Curie, 69364 Lyon, France, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China and BioCOS Life Sciences Private Limited, Biotech Park, Electronics City, Phase-1, Bangalore 560100, India
| | - Fabien Mongelard
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS USR 3010, Laboratoire Joliot-Curie, 69364 Lyon, France, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China and BioCOS Life Sciences Private Limited, Biotech Park, Electronics City, Phase-1, Bangalore 560100, India
| | - Jiemin Wong
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS USR 3010, Laboratoire Joliot-Curie, 69364 Lyon, France, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China and BioCOS Life Sciences Private Limited, Biotech Park, Electronics City, Phase-1, Bangalore 560100, India
| | - Philippe Bouvet
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS USR 3010, Laboratoire Joliot-Curie, 69364 Lyon, France, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China and BioCOS Life Sciences Private Limited, Biotech Park, Electronics City, Phase-1, Bangalore 560100, India
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Greco A, Arata L, Soler E, Gaume X, Couté Y, Hacot S, Callé A, Monier K, Epstein AL, Sanchez JC, Bouvet P, Diaz JJ. Nucleolin interacts with US11 protein of herpes simplex virus 1 and is involved in its trafficking. J Virol 2012; 86:1449-57. [PMID: 22130536 PMCID: PMC3264372 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.06194-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Accepted: 11/18/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection induces profound nucleolar modifications at the functional and organizational levels, including nucleolar invasion by several viral proteins. One of these proteins is US11, which exhibits several different functions and displays both cytoplasmic localization and clear nucleolar localization very similar to that of the major multifunctional nucleolar protein nucleolin. To determine whether US11 interacts with nucleolin, we purified US11 protein partners by coimmunoprecipitations using a tagged protein, Flag-US11. From extracts of cells expressing Flag-US11 protein, we copurified a protein of about 100 kDa that was further identified as nucleolin. In vitro studies have demonstrated that nucleolin interacts with US11 and that the C-terminal domain of US11, which is required for US11 nucleolar accumulation, is sufficient for interaction with nucleolin. This association was confirmed in HSV-1-infected cells. We found an increase in the nucleolar accumulation of US11 in nucleolin-depleted cells, thereby revealing that nucleolin could play a role in US11 nucleocytoplasmic trafficking through one-way directional transport out of the nucleolus. Since nucleolin is required for HSV-1 nuclear egress, the interaction of US11 with nucleolin may participate in the outcome of infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Greco
- Université de Lyon and Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France, and CNRS, UMR5534, Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Loredana Arata
- Université de Lyon and Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France, and CNRS, UMR5534, Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Eric Soler
- Université de Lyon and Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France, and CNRS, UMR5534, Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Xavier Gaume
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS USR 3010, Laboratoire Joliot-Curie, Lyon, France
| | - Yohann Couté
- Geneva Proteomics Center, Central Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Geneva University Hospital, Genève, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Hacot
- Université de Lyon and Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France, and CNRS, UMR5534, Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Villeurbanne, France
- CRCL Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Aleth Callé
- Université de Lyon and Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France, and CNRS, UMR5534, Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Karine Monier
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS USR 3010, Laboratoire Joliot-Curie, Lyon, France
| | - Alberto L. Epstein
- Université de Lyon and Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France, and CNRS, UMR5534, Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jean-Charles Sanchez
- Human Protein Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Bouvet
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS USR 3010, Laboratoire Joliot-Curie, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Diaz
- Université de Lyon and Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France, and CNRS, UMR5534, Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Villeurbanne, France
- CRCL Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Fujiwara Y, Fujiwara KI, Goda N, Iwaya N, Tenno T, Shirakawa M, Hiroaki H. Structure and function of the N-terminal nucleolin binding domain of nuclear valosin-containing protein-like 2 (NVL2) harboring a nucleolar localization signal. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:21732-41. [PMID: 21474449 PMCID: PMC3122229 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.174680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2010] [Revised: 02/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The N-terminal regions of AAA-ATPases (ATPase associated with various cellular activities) often contain a domain that defines the distinct functions of the enzymes, such as substrate specificity and subcellular localization. As described herein, we have determined the solution structure of an N-terminal unique domain isolated from nuclear valosin-containing protein (VCP)-like protein 2 (NVL2(UD)). NVL2(UD) contains three α helices with an organization resembling that of a winged helix motif, whereas a pair of β-strands is missing. The structure is unique and distinct from those of other known type II AAA-ATPases, such as VCP. Consequently, we identified nucleolin from a HeLa cell extract as a binding partner of this domain. Nucleolin contains a long (∼300 amino acids) intrinsically unstructured region, followed by the four tandem RNA recognition motifs and the C-terminal glycine/arginine-rich domain. Binding analyses revealed that NVL2(UD) potentially binds to any of the combinations of two successive RNA binding domains in the presence of RNA. Furthermore, NVL2(UD) has a characteristic loop, in which the key basic residues RRKR are exposed to the solvent at the edge of the molecule. The mutation study showed that these residues are necessary and sufficient for nucleolin-RNA complex binding as well as nucleolar localization. Based on the observations presented above, we propose that NVL2 serves as an unfoldase for the nucleolin-RNA complex. As inferred from its RNA dependence and its ATPase activity, NVL2 might facilitate the dissociation and recycling of nucleolin, thereby promoting efficient ribosome biogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshie Fujiwara
- From the Division of Structural Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, and
- the Global Center of Excellence Program for Integrative Membrane Biology, Kobe University, 7-5-1 Kusunokicho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan
- the Institute for Bioinformatics Research and Development, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi Center Building, 4-1-8, Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Ken-ichiro Fujiwara
- the Field of Supramolecular Biology, International Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Yokohama City University, 1-7-29 Suehirocho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
- Shionogi Research Laboratories, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 5-12-4 Sagisu, Fukushima-ku, Osaka 553-0002, Japan, and
| | - Natsuko Goda
- From the Division of Structural Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, and
- the Institute for Bioinformatics Research and Development, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi Center Building, 4-1-8, Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Naoko Iwaya
- From the Division of Structural Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, and
- the Institute for Bioinformatics Research and Development, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi Center Building, 4-1-8, Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
- the Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto-daigaku Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tenno
- From the Division of Structural Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, and
- the Global Center of Excellence Program for Integrative Membrane Biology, Kobe University, 7-5-1 Kusunokicho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan
| | - Masahiro Shirakawa
- the Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto-daigaku Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Hiroaki
- From the Division of Structural Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, and
- the Global Center of Excellence Program for Integrative Membrane Biology, Kobe University, 7-5-1 Kusunokicho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan
- the Institute for Bioinformatics Research and Development, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi Center Building, 4-1-8, Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Farin K, Schokoroy S, Haklai R, Cohen-Or I, Elad-Sfadia G, Reyes-Reyes ME, Bates PJ, Cox AD, Kloog Y, Pinkas-Kramarski R. Oncogenic synergism between ErbB1, nucleolin, and mutant Ras. Cancer Res 2011; 71:2140-51. [PMID: 21257709 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-10-2887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Alterations in the ErbB family of growth factor receptors, their signaling components, and mutational activation of Ras proteins are major contributors to malignant transformation. Recently, mutant Ras was shown to be capable of activating ErbB receptors in a ligand-independent manner. Furthermore, it was observed that nucleolin, a transcriptional regulator and ribosome biogenesis factor, can bind both K-Ras and the cytoplasmic tail of ErbB receptors to enhance ErbB receptor activation. However, the functional significance of these interactions to cancer pathogenesis has not been probed. Here, we show that endogenous nucleolin interacts simultaneously in vivo with endogenous Ras and ErbB1 (EGFR) in cancer cells. The C-terminal 212 amino acids of nucleolin were determined to be sufficient to interact with ErbB1 and all Ras protein isoforms (H-, N-, and K-Ras). Nucleolin partially colocalizes with Ras at the plasma membrane. Moreover, activated but not wild-type Ras facilitates nucleolin interaction with ErbB1 and stabilizes ErbB1 receptor levels. Most importantly, these three oncogenes synergistically facilitate anchorage-independent cell growth in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Our findings suggest strategies to target nucleolin as a general approach to inhibiting ErbB- and Ras-driven cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keren Farin
- Department of Neurobiology, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Israel
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
In vivo Study of the Histone Chaperone Activity of Nucleolin by FRAP. Biochem Res Int 2011; 2011:187624. [PMID: 21403913 PMCID: PMC3049323 DOI: 10.1155/2011/187624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2010] [Accepted: 12/17/2010] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleolin is a major nucleolar protein involved in various aspects of ribosome biogenesis such as regulation of polymerase I transcription, pre-RNA maturation, and ribosome assembly. Nucleolin is also present in the nucleoplasm suggesting that its functions are not restricted to nucleoli. Nucleolin possesses, in vitro, chromatin co-remodeler and histone chaperone activities which could explain numerous functions of nucleolin related to the regulation of gene expression. The goal of this report was to investigate the consequences of nucleolin depletion on the dynamics of histones in live cells. Changes in histone dynamics occurring in nucleolin silenced cells were measured by FRAP experiments on eGFP-tagged histones (H2B, H4, and macroH2A). We found that nuclear histone dynamics was impacted in nucleolin silenced cells; in particular we measured higher fluorescence recovery kinetics for macroH2A and H2B but not for H4. Interestingly, we showed that nucleolin depletion also impacted the dissociation constant rate of H2B and H4. Thus, in live cells, nucleolin could play a role in chromatin accessibility by its histone chaperone and co-remodeling activities.
Collapse
|
32
|
Nucleolin, a major conserved multifunctional nucleolar phosphoprotein of proliferating cells. J Appl Biomed 2010. [DOI: 10.2478/v10136-009-0017-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
|
33
|
Peng L, Liang J, Wang H, Song X, Rashid A, Gomez HF, Corley LJ, Abbruzzese JL, Fleming JB, Evans DB, Wang H. High levels of nucleolar expression of nucleolin are associated with better prognosis in patients with stage II pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2010; 16:3734-42. [PMID: 20628027 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-09-3411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Nucleolin is a major nucleolar protein that has been shown to be overexpressed in rapidly dividing cells and plays an essential role in cell proliferation and survival. However, the expression and significance of nucleolin in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) have not been studied. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We used a tissue microarray consisting of 1.0-mm cores of tumor and paired nonneoplastic pancreatic tissue from 69 pancreaticoduodenectomy specimens with stage II PDA. Nucleolin expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and scored quantitatively by image analysis. Nucleolin expression was classified as nucleolin-high or nucleolin-low using the median nucleolin labeling index of 3.5% as cutoff. Staining results were correlated with clinicopathologic features and survival. RESULTS Both PDAs and PDA cell lines showed nucleolar staining for nucleolin. Nucleolin expression was higher in PDAs and PDA cell lines than in nonneoplastic ductal epithelial cells. Among the 69 stage II PDAs, 34 (49%) were nucleolin-high. The median overall survival was 65.2 +/- 16.3 months for patients who had nucleolin-high PDAs compared with 19.5 +/- 3.3 months for patients whose tumors were nucleolin-low (P = 0.03, log-rank method). No significant correlation between nucleolin expression and other clinicopathologic parameters was found. In multivariate analysis, nucleolin expression was a prognostic factor for overall survival in patients with stage II PDA independent of patient's age, gender, tumor size, differentiation, and lymph node status. CONCLUSIONS Nucleolin was overexpressed in PDAs and PDA cell lines. A high level of nucleolar expression of nucleolin was an independent prognostic marker for better survival for patients with stage II PDAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lan Peng
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas M D Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Drygin D, Siddiqui-Jain A, O'Brien S, Schwaebe M, Lin A, Bliesath J, Ho CB, Proffitt C, Trent K, Whitten JP, Lim JKC, Von Hoff D, Anderes K, Rice WG. Anticancer activity of CX-3543: a direct inhibitor of rRNA biogenesis. Cancer Res 2009; 69:7653-61. [PMID: 19738048 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-09-1304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 420] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hallmark deregulated signaling in cancer cells drives excessive ribosome biogenesis within the nucleolus, which elicits unbridled cell growth and proliferation. The rate-limiting step of ribosome biogenesis is synthesis of rRNA (building blocks of ribosomes) by RNA Polymerase I (Pol I). Numerous kinase pathways and products of proto-oncogenes can up-regulate Pol I, whereas tumor suppressor proteins can inhibit rRNA synthesis. In tumorigenesis, activating mutations in certain cancer-associated kinases and loss-of-function mutations in tumor suppressors lead to deregulated signaling that stimulates Pol I transcription with resultant increases in ribosome biogenesis, protein synthesis, cell growth, and proliferation. Certain anticancer therapeutics, such as cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil, reportedly exert, at least partially, their activity through disruption of ribosome biogenesis, yet many prime targets for anticancer drugs within the ribosome synthetic machinery of the nucleolus remain largely unexploited. Herein, we describe CX-3543, a small molecule nucleolus-targeting agent that selectively disrupts nucleolin/rDNA G-quadruplex complexes in the nucleolus, thereby inhibiting Pol I transcription and inducing apoptosis in cancer cells. CX-3543 is the first G-quadruplex interactive agent to enter human clinical trials, and it is currently under evaluation against carcinoid/neuroendocrine tumors in a phase II clinical trial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Denis Drygin
- Cylene Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Farin K, Di Segni A, Mor A, Pinkas-Kramarski R. Structure-function analysis of nucleolin and ErbB receptors interactions. PLoS One 2009; 4:e6128. [PMID: 19578540 PMCID: PMC2700965 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2008] [Accepted: 06/05/2009] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ErbB receptor tyrosine kinases and nucleolin are major contributors to malignant transformation. Recently we have found that cell-surface ErbB receptors interact with nucleolin via their cytoplasmic tail. Overexpression of ErbB1 and nucleolin leads to receptor phosphorylation, dimerization and anchorage independent growth. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS In the present study we explored the regions of nucleolin and ErbB responsible for their interaction. Using mutational analyses, we addressed the structure-function relationship of the interaction between ErbB1 and nucleolin. We identified the ErbB1 nuclear localization domain as nucleolin interacting region. This region is important for nucleolin-associated receptor activation. Notably, though the tyrosine kinase domain is important for nucleolin-associated receptor activation, it is not involved in nucleolin/ErbB interactions. In addition, we demonstrated that the 212 c-terminal portion of nucleolin is imperative for the interaction with ErbB1 and ErbB4. This region of nucleolin is sufficient to induce ErbB1 dimerization, phosphorylation and growth in soft agar. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE The oncogenic potential of ErbB depends on receptor levels and activation. Nucleolin affects ErbB dimerization and activation leading to enhanced cell growth. The C-terminal region of nucleolin and the ErbB1 NLS-domain mediate this interaction. Moreover, when the C-terminal 212 amino acids region of nucleolin is expressed with ErbB1, it can enhance anchorage independent cell growth. Taken together these results offer new insight into the role of ErbB1 and nucleolin interaction in malignant cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keren Farin
- Department of Neurobiology, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ayelet Di Segni
- Department of Neurobiology, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Israel
| | - Adam Mor
- Department of Neurobiology, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Israel
| | | |
Collapse
|