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Öztürk E, Pehlivan S, Ozcan C, Ugur MG, Balat O. Paraoxonase-1 Polymorphisms (L55M/Q192R) and Activities (PONase/AREase) in Patients with Idiopathic Recurrent Early Pregnancy Loss: A Preliminary Study. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2019; 23:501-505. [PMID: 31294627 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2018.0245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To evaluate the associations between idiopathic recurrent early pregnancy loss (REPL) and paraoxonase-1 (PON1) polymorphisms and the activities of its encoded enzymes. Materials and Methods: Ninety-eight women were enrolled in this study, including 21 currently pregnant multiparous women without a history of miscarriage; 18 multiparous women who were not pregnant during the study; 30 women with a history of idiopathic REPL who were pregnant; and 29 who were not. Paraoxonase (PONase) and arylesterase (AREase) activities, two activities of the PON1 enzyme, were measured through commercially available kits (Relassay, Gaziantep, Turkey). PON1 genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. Data were analyzed using SPSS for Windows version 19.0 (SPSS). Results: There was no association between idiopathic REPL and PON1 polymorphisms or PONase activity. The AREase activity of the PON1 enzyme trended higher in the healthy pregnant group than in the healthy nonpregnant group (p = 0.067), and was higher in the pregnant group with a history of idiopathic REPL than in the nonpregnant group with a history of idiopathic REPL (p = 0.041). Conclusions: Despite there being no detected association between PON1 activities or genotype and idiopathic REPL, we showed that AREase activity increased during early gestation. New studies, including longitudinal changes in serum AREase activity throughout normal pregnancy, should be carried out to further evaluate the association between PON encoded enzymatic activities and early gestational pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Öztürk
- 1 Bahceci Health Group, IVF Center, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sacide Pehlivan
- 2 Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Medical School, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Caglayan Ozcan
- 3 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Gaziantep University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mete Gurol Ugur
- 3 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Gaziantep University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozcan Balat
- 3 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Gaziantep University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Siebert G, Humphrey GB. Enzymology of the nucleus. ADVANCES IN ENZYMOLOGY AND RELATED AREAS OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2006; 27:239-88. [PMID: 4303032 DOI: 10.1002/9780470122723.ch5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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3
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CHRISTIE GS, BAILIE MJ, LE PAGE RN. Acute toxic liver injury. nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide-pyrophosphorylase activity of nuclei isolated from rat liver in heliotrine and in dimethylnitrosamine poisoning. Biochem J 1998; 84:364-8. [PMID: 13879300 PMCID: PMC1243677 DOI: 10.1042/bj0840364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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CAIGER P, MORTON RK, FILSELL OH, JARRETT IG. A comparative study of nicotinamide nucleotide coenzymes during growth of the sheep and rat. Biochem J 1998; 85:351-9. [PMID: 14017726 PMCID: PMC1243741 DOI: 10.1042/bj0850351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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WHEELER KP, WHITTAM R. Fome properties of a kidney adenosine triphosphatase relevant to active cation transport. Biochem J 1998; 85:495-507. [PMID: 14000239 PMCID: PMC1243772 DOI: 10.1042/bj0850495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Teixeira CF, Yasaka WJ, Silva LF, Oshiro TT, Oga S. Inhibitory effects of beryllium chloride on rat liver microsomal enzymes. Toxicology 1990; 61:293-301. [PMID: 2109906 DOI: 10.1016/0300-483x(90)90179-k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A single i.v. dose (0.1 mmol Be2+/kg) of beryllium chloride prolonged the duration of pentobarbital-induced sleep and zoxazolamine-induced paralysis, in rats. The effects are correlated with changes of the pharmacokinetic parameters and with the in vitro inhibition of both aliphatic and aromatic hydroxylation of pentobarbital and zoxazolamine. In vitro N-demethylation of meperidine and aminopyrine was partially inhibited while O-demethylation of quinidine was unaffected by liver microsomes of rats pretreated with beryllium salt. The findings give clues that beryllium chloride inhibits some forms of cytochrome P-450, especially those responsible for hydroxylation of substrates, like pentobarbital and zoxazolamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Teixeira
- Servico de Farmacologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
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Buttriss JL, Diplock AT. The relationship between alpha-tocopherol and phospholipid fatty acids in rat liver subcellular membrane fractions. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1988; 962:81-90. [PMID: 3416010 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(88)90098-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
(1) A method was devised for the subfractionation of normal rat liver and for the subfractionation of the mitochondrial fraction into inner and outer membrane fractions. The purity of the fractions was assessed using marker enzyme measurements. (2) alpha-Tocopherol was measured in all the fractions by a sensitive HPLC technique. Profiles of phospholipid fatty acids were also determined by gas-liquid chromatography in all the fractions, and these values were calculated in terms of the percentage of each fatty acid in the total fatty acid of the fraction, as well as of the mass of each fatty acid per mumol of phospholipid phosphorus. Tocopherol values were expressed as the mass of tocopherol per g wet liver and per mumol of phospholipid phosphorus. (3) The results show that the mitochondrial and microsomal fractions were the major tocopherol-containing fractions, and both the inner and outer mitochondrial fractions contained substantial amounts of alpha-tocopherol. (4) The mitochondrial and microsomal fractions also had the highest levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in their phospholipid fraction, especially 20:4 and 22:6, which were particularly localised in the inner mitochondrial membrane fraction. The high inner mitochondrial and microsomal PUFA levels were particularly apparent when the sum of all the unsaturated fatty acids with three or more double bonds was calculated. (5) Calculation of molar ratios of of some phospholipid fatty acids to alpha-tocopherol gave values of the order of several thousand to one. (6) It is concluded that the protective effect of each molecule of alpha-tocopherol must be exerted towards a large number of molecules of membrane unsaturated fatty acids simultaneously. This perhaps implies specific localisation of tocopherol in regions of membrane particularly liable to attack, such as might be expected to occur close to respiratory enzymes that can donate electrons to molecular oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Buttriss
- Division of Biochemistry, United Medical School, London, U.K
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8
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Lahav M, Schoenfeld N, Epstein O, Atsmon A. A method for obtaining high recovery of purified subcellular fractions of rat liver homogenate. Anal Biochem 1982; 121:114-22. [PMID: 7091671 DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(82)90563-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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9
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Choudhury SR, Mason RC. Short term effects of dimethylnitrosamine and methylmethanesulphonate on hydrolases of the rat. EXPERIENTIA 1974; 30:538-9. [PMID: 4365012 DOI: 10.1007/bf01926339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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11
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12
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Wilfred G, Varma TN. Further studies on the subcellular enzymes of rat liver in acute threonine deficiency. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1970; 208:328-30. [PMID: 5420982 DOI: 10.1016/0304-4165(70)90252-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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13
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Stirpe F, Della Corte E. Activity of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide pyrophosphorylase in liver nuclei. Effects of partial hepatectomy, hepatotoxins and dietary changes. Biochem J 1968; 108:89-93. [PMID: 4297940 PMCID: PMC1198772 DOI: 10.1042/bj1080089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
1. The activity of NAD pyrophosphorylase is lower in nuclei isolated from regenerating rat liver than in normal nuclei, and this is due to leakage of the enzyme from the nuclei during the isolation. 2. The NAD pyrophosphorylase activity is lower in liver nuclei from newborn rats, and from rats on a protein-free diet, but no leakage occurs in these cases. 3. Poisoning with alpha-amanitin brings about a transient enhancement of NAD pyrophosphorylase activity in mouse liver nuclei. 4. No changes of enzyme activity were observed after 72hr. starvation, administration of actinomycin D or infection with MHV3 virus.
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Witschi HP, Aldridge WN. Uptake, distribution and binding of beryllium to organelles of the rat liver cell. Biochem J 1968; 106:811-20. [PMID: 5637364 PMCID: PMC1198584 DOI: 10.1042/bj1060811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
1. Male rats were injected intravenously with amounts ranging from 0.08 to 111.0mumoles of [(7)Be]beryllium sulphate/kg. body wt. The distribution in the rat and the subcellular distribution of beryllium in the liver were determined. 2. Within the entire dose range a higher specific activity of beryllium was present in a mitochondrial fraction containing the lysosomes. Purification of this fraction confirmed that beryllium is taken up by lysosomes. 3. With doses approaching the LD(50), beryllium was also found in increasing amounts to be present in the liver cell nuclei. Beryllium also showed affinity towards isolated cell nuclei in vitro. Evidence is presented that they have one class of binding sites for beryllium. Mitochondria have less affinity for beryllium. 4. No evidence could be obtained of an affinity of beryllium for DNA or RNA by fractionation of nuclei and dialysis experiments. 5. The presence of beryllium in liver cell nuclei may be relevant to the effects of beryllium on nuclear structure and function.
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Nemchinskaya VL, Ganelina LS, Braun AD. Differences in isozyme patterns of nucleic and cytoplasmic lactate dehydrogenase of rat liver cells. Nature 1968; 217:251-3. [PMID: 4295673 DOI: 10.1038/217251a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Jackson JF, Atkinson MR. The requirement for bivalent cations in formation of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide by nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase of pig-liver nuclei. Biochem J 1966; 101:208-13. [PMID: 4291356 PMCID: PMC1270085 DOI: 10.1042/bj1010208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
1. The requirement for bivalent cations in catalysis of NAD formation from ATP and NMN in the presence of NMN adenylyltransferase of pig-liver nuclei was studied. Rates of NAD formation in the presence of the activating cations Cd(2+), Mn(2+), Mg(2+), Zn(2+), Co(2+) and Ni(2+) were approximately a linear function of heats of hydration of the corresponding ions. Ba(2+), Sr(2+), Ca(2+), Cu(2+) and Be(2+) did not activate the enzyme; Be(2+) inhibited the reaction in the presence of Mg(2+) and, to a greater extent, in the presence of Ni(2+). 2. Michaelis constants for NAD formation, measured in a coupled assay with NMN adenylyltransferase and alcohol dehydrogenase at pH8.0 and 25 degrees , in the presence of 3mm concentrations of the unvaried reactants, were 88+/-7mum-ATP, 42+/-4mum-NMN and 85+/-4mum-Mg(2+). The results at this pH and at pH7.5 were consistent with mechanisms in which Mg(2+)-ATP complex is a reactant and free ATP a competitive inhibitor. 3. Formation of nicotinamide-hypoxanthine dinucleotide from NMN and ITP in the presence of the transferase was also more rapid with Ni(2+) and Co(2+) than with Mg(2+).
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Slater TF, Sawyer BC. Nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotides in acute liver injury induced by ethionine, and a comparison with the effects of salicylate. Biochem J 1966; 101:24-8. [PMID: 4382011 PMCID: PMC1270060 DOI: 10.1042/bj1010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
1. The effects of single doses of ethionine or sodium salicylate on the nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide content of rat liver have been studied. 2. There was no significant change in the sum of NAD+NADH(2) during the early period (0-2hr.) of the liver injury induced by ethionine but there was a decrease in this value of approx. 30% by 4hr. after administration. 3. Ethionine had no significant effect on the NADP+NADPH(2) during the first 2hr. period after administration. The sum then decreased to a value approx. 70% of the control by 3hr. after dosing but showed a partial recovery at the 4hr. period before decreasing again in later stages of the poisoning. 4. Salicylate produced a very rapid decrease in the NADP+NADPH(2) in the liver after intraperitoneal injection. After 1hr. the decrease was approx. 30% of the initial value; the sum slowly returned towards the normal range during the following 4hr. 5. A high parenteral dose of salicylate was found to cause only a small depression in the concentration of ATP in rat liver in contrast with the rapid depletion produced by ethionine. 6. These results are discussed in terms of the liver disturbances produced by ethionine and salicylate.
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Abstract
1. The action of beryllium on the following enzymes has been examined: alkaline phosphatase (Escherichia coli and kidney), acid phosphatase, phosphoprotein phosphatase, apyrase (potato), adenosine triphosphatase (liver nuclei, liver mitochondria, brain microsomes), glucose 6-phosphatase, polysaccharide phosphorylases a and b, phosphoglucomutase, hexokinase, phosphoglyceromutase, ribonuclease, A-esterase (rabbit serum), cholinesterase (horse serum), chymotrypsin. Alkaline phosphatase and phosphoglucomutase are inhibited by 1mum-beryllium sulphate whereas the other enzymes are largely unaffected by 1mm-beryllium sulphate. 2. Possible mechanisms for the inhibition of phosphoglucomutase and alkaline phosphatase are discussed.
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Siebert G, Villalobos J, Ro TS, Steele WJ, Lindenmayer G, Adams H, Busch H. Enzymatic Studies on Isolated Nucleoli of Rat Liver. J Biol Chem 1966. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)96959-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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21
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Die Einwirkung von Tris�thyleniminobenzochinon auf die DNS-Synthese, den NAD- und NADP-Gehalt von regenerierender Rattenleber. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1966. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00524426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Griffin CC, Waravdekar VS, Trump BF, Goldblatt PJ, Stowell RE. Studies on necrosis of mouse liver in vitro. Alterations in activities of succinoxidase, succinic dehydrogenase, glutamic dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase, uricase, glucose-6-phosphatase and NAD-pyrophosphorylase. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 1965; 47:833-50. [PMID: 4284754 PMCID: PMC1920471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Gopinathan KP, Sirsi M, Vaidyanathan CS. Nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide glycohydrolase of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. Biochem J 1964; 91:277-82. [PMID: 4284486 PMCID: PMC1202883 DOI: 10.1042/bj0910277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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WARAVDEKAR VS, MCCONNELL D. Effect of tumor implant on the synthesis of diphosphopyridine nucleotide in the host liver. Exp Cell Res 1964; 34:24-32. [PMID: 14134533 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4827(64)90179-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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EMMELOT P. THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY. Mol Pharmacol 1964. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-395641-5.50009-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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EMMELOT P, MIZRAHI IJ, KRIEK E. Prevention by Cysteamine of the Inhibitory Effect of Carcinogenic N-Nitrosodialkylamines on Incorporation of Amino-Acids in Rat Liver. Nature 1962; 193:1158-61. [PMID: 13890128 DOI: 10.1038/1931158a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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