1
|
Nakamura R, Bing R, Gartling GJ, Garabedian MJ, Branski RC. Dose-Dependent Glucocorticoid Regulation of Transcription Factors in Vocal Fold Fibroblasts and Macrophages. Laryngoscope 2023; 133:2704-2711. [PMID: 36752581 PMCID: PMC10406972 DOI: 10.1002/lary.30594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Variable outcomes of glucocorticoid (GC) therapy for laryngeal disease are putatively due to diverse interactions of the GC receptor (GR) with cell signaling pathways, limited consideration regarding concentration-dependent effects, and inconsistent selection of GCs. In the current study, we evaluated the concentration-dependent effects of three frequently administered GCs on transcription factors with an emphasis on the phosphorylation of GR at Ser203 and Ser211 regulating the nuclear translocation of GR. This study provides foundational data regarding the diverse functions of GCs to optimize therapeutic approaches. STUDY DESIGN In vitro. METHODS Human vocal fold fibroblasts and THP1-derived macrophages were treated with different concentrations of dexamethasone, methylprednisolone, and triamcinolone in combination with IFN-γ, TNF-α, or IL4. Phosphorylated STAT1, NF-κB family molecules, and phosphorylated STAT6 were analyzed by Western blotting. Ser211-phosphorylated GR (S211-pGR) levels relative to GAPDH and Ser203-phosphorylated GR (S203-pGR) were also analyzed. RESULTS GCs differentially altered phosphorylated STAT1 and NF-κB family molecules in different cell types under IFN-γ and TNF-α stimuli. GCs did not alter phosphorylated STAT6 in IL4-treated macrophages. The three GCs were nearly equivalent. A lower concentration of dexamethasone increased S211-pGR/GAPDH ratios relative to increased S211-pGR/S203-pGR ratios regardless of cell type and treatment. CONCLUSION The three GCs employed in two cell lines had nearly equivalent effects on transcription factor regulation. Relatively high levels of Ser203-phosphorylation at low GC concentrations may be related to concentration-dependent differential effects of GCs in the two cell lines. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA Laryngoscope, 133:2704-2711, 2023.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Nakamura
- Rehabilitation Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Renjie Bing
- Rehabilitation Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Gary J. Gartling
- Rehabilitation Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | | | - Ryan C. Branski
- Rehabilitation Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Enhanced Cytotoxic Effects in Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells Treated with Combined Methyltransferase Inhibitors and Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040763. [PMID: 35453513 PMCID: PMC9029187 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Combined treatment of human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCCs) with DNA methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTis), histone methyltransferase inhibitors (HMTis), and histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis), and the molecular mechanisms underlying their anticancer effects, have not been fully elucidated. Herein, we investigated the cytotoxic effects of combined DNMTis (5-Aza-deoxycytidine: 5-Aza-dC, RG108), HMTis (3-deazaneplanocin A: DZNep), and HDACis (trichostatin A: TSA) treatment on human OSCC cells and explored their molecular mechanisms. Combined 5-Aza-dC, or RG108, and TSA treatment significantly decreased HSC-2 and Ca9-22 cell viability. Combinatorial DZNep and TSA treatment also decreased Ca9-22 cell viability. Although caspase 3/7 activation was not observed in HSC-2 cells following combined treatment, caspase activity was significantly increased in Ca9-22 cells treated with DZNep and TSA. Moreover, combined treatment with 5-Aza-dC, RG108, and TSA increased the proportion of HSC-2 and Ca9-22 cells in the S and G2/M phases. Meanwhile, increased phosphorylation of the histone variant H2A.X, a marker of double-stranded DNA breaks, was observed in both cells after combination treatment. Hence, the decreased viability induced by combined treatment with epigenomic inhibitors results from apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in S and G2/M phases. Thus, epigenomic therapy comprising combined low concentrations of DNMTi, HMTi, and HDACi is effective against OSCC.
Collapse
|
3
|
Hao D, He S, Harada K, Pizzi MP, Lu Y, Guan P, Chen L, Wang R, Zhang S, Sewastjanow-Silva M, Abdelhakeem A, Shanbhag N, Bhutani M, Han G, Lee JH, Zhao S, Weston B, Blum Murphy M, Waters R, Estrella JS, Roy-Chowdhuri S, Gan Q, Lee JS, Peng G, Hanash SM, Calin GA, Song X, Zhang J, Song S, Wang L, Ajani JA. Integrated genomic profiling and modelling for risk stratification in patients with advanced oesophagogastric adenocarcinoma. Gut 2021; 70:2055-2065. [PMID: 33334899 PMCID: PMC10643023 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-322707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prognosis of patients with advanced oesophagogastric adenocarcinoma (mEGAC) is poor and molecular determinants of shorter or longer overall survivors are lacking. Our objective was to identify molecular features and develop a prognostic model by profiling the genomic features of patients with mEGAC with widely varying outcomes. DESIGN We profiled 40 untreated mEGACs (20 shorter survivors <13 months and 20 longer survivors >36 months) with whole-exome sequencing (WES) and RNA sequencing and performed an integrated analysis of exome, transcriptome, immune profile and pathological phenotypes to identify the molecular determinants, developing an integrated model for prognosis and comparison with The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohorts. RESULTS KMT2C alterations were exclusively observed in shorter survivors together with high level of intratumour heterogeneity and complex clonal architectures, whereas the APOBEC mutational signatures were significantly enriched in longer survivors. Notably, the loss of heterozygosity in chromosome 4 (Chr4) was associated with shorter survival and 'cold' immune phenotype characterised by decreased B, CD8, natural killer cells and interferon-gamma responses. Unsupervised transcriptomic clustering revealed a shorter survivor subtype with distinct expression features (eg, upregulated druggable targets JAK2, MAP3K13 and MECOM). An integrated model was then built based on clinical variables and the identified molecular determinants, which significantly segregated shorter and longer survivors. All the above features and the integrated model have been validated independently in multiple TCGA cohorts. CONCLUSION This study discovered novel molecular features prognosticating overall survival in patients with mEGAC and identified potential novel targets in shorter survivors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Hao
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Siyuan He
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kazuto Harada
- Gastroenterological Surgery, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Melissa Pool Pizzi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yang Lu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Pujun Guan
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ruiping Wang
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Shaojun Zhang
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Matheus Sewastjanow-Silva
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ahmed Abdelhakeem
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Namita Shanbhag
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Manoop Bhutani
- Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Guangchun Han
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jeffrey H Lee
- Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Shuangtao Zhao
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Brian Weston
- Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mariela Blum Murphy
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Rebecca Waters
- Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | | | - Qiong Gan
- Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ju-Seog Lee
- Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Guang Peng
- Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Samir M Hanash
- Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - George Adrian Calin
- Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xingzhi Song
- Computational Genomics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Computational Genomics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Shumei Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Linghua Wang
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jaffer A Ajani
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sun M, Gu P, Yang Y, Yu L, Jiang Z, Li J, Le Y, Chen Y, Ba Q, Wang H. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles inflame tumors to overcome anti-PD-1 resistance through TLR4-NFκB axis. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2021-002508. [PMID: 34117115 PMCID: PMC8202116 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-002508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The clinical benefits of antiprogrammed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) therapy are compromised by resistance in immunologically cold tumors. Convergence of immunotherapy and bioengineering is potential to overcome the resistance. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) are considered the most promising inorganic biological nanomaterials for clinical transformation, however, the fundamental influence of MSNs on immunotherapy is unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of MSNs in tumor resensitization and explore the feasibility of MSNs combined with anti-PD-1 in cancer therapy. Methods Intrinsic and acquired resistant tumors, as well as spontaneous and secondary tumor recurrence models, were used to evaluate the influence of MSNs and the synergistical effect with anti-PD-1 therapy. The roles of CD8+ cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and macrophages were assessed in Rag-1-/- mice, ovalbumin/OT-1 TCR transgenic T-cell system, and other blocking mice models. Mechanistic studies were processed by transcriptomics analysis and conducted in primary cells, in vitro coculture systems, and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) knockout mice. Results Both granular and rod-shaped MSNs efficiently overcame tumor resistance with dependence on diameter and aspect ratio. Only once injection of MSNs in prior to anti-PD-1 markedly improved the treatment efficacy, protective immunity, and prognosis. MSNs per se boosted infiltration of CTLs as the early event (days 2–3); and synergistically with anti-PD-1 therapy, MSNs rapidly established a T cell-inflamed microenvironment with abundant high-activated (interferon-γ/tumor necrosis factor-α/Perforin/GranzymeB) and low-exhausted (PD-1/lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3)/T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 (TIM-3)) CTLs. Chemokines Ccl5/Cxcl9/Cxcl10, which were produced predominantly by macrophages, promoted MSNs-induced CTLs infiltration. MSNs led to high Ccl5/Cxcl9/Cxcl10 production in vitro and in mice through regulating TLR4-NFκB axis. Blocking TLR4-NFκB axis in macrophages or CTLs infiltration abrogated MSNs-induced resensitization to anti-PD-1 therapy. Conclusions MSNs efficiently and rapidly inflame immunologically cold tumors and resensitize them to anti-PD-1 therapy through TLR4-NFκB-Ccl5/Cxcl9/Cxcl10 axis. MSNs-based theranostic agents can serve as sensitizers for patients with resistant tumors to improve immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mayu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengfei Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Luodan Yu
- State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheshun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingquan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Le
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Ba
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China .,CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xia M, Luo TY, Shi Y, Wang G, Tsui H, Harari D, Spaner DE. Effect of Ibrutinib on the IFN Response of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 205:2629-2639. [PMID: 33067379 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor ibrutinib has profound activity in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) but limited curative potential by itself. Residual signaling pathways that maintain survival of CLL cells might be targeted to improve ibrutinib's therapeutic activity, but the nature of these pathways is unclear. Ongoing activation of IFN receptors in patients on ibrutinib was suggested by the presence of type I and II IFN in blood together with the cycling behavior of IFN-stimulated gene (ISG) products when IFN signaling was blocked intermittently with the JAK inhibitor ruxolitinib. IFN signaling in CLL cells from human patients was not prevented by ibrutinib in vitro or in vivo, but ISG expression was significantly attenuated in vitro. ISGs such as CXCL10 that require concomitant activation of NF-κB were decreased when this pathway was inhibited by ibrutinib. Other ISGs, exemplified by LAG3, were decreased as a result of inhibited protein translation. Effects of IFN on survival remained intact as type I and II IFN-protected CLL cells from ibrutinib in vitro, which could be prevented by ruxolitinib and IFNR blocking Abs. These observations suggest that IFNs may help CLL cells persist and specific targeting of IFN signaling might deepen clinical responses of patients on ibrutinib.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meihui Xia
- Biology Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, First Hospital, Jilin University, 130021 Changchun, Jilin, China.,Department of Human Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 130021 Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Tina Yuxuan Luo
- Biology Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Yonghong Shi
- Biology Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Guizhi Wang
- Biology Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Hubert Tsui
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.,Division of Hematopathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center, Toronto, Ontario M4C 3E7, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Daniel Harari
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
| | - David E Spaner
- Biology Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada; .,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada; and.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Increased canonical NF-kappaB signaling specifically in macrophages is sufficient to limit tumor progression in syngeneic murine models of ovarian cancer. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:970. [PMID: 33028251 PMCID: PMC7542116 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07450-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND New treatment options for ovarian cancer are urgently required. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are an attractive target for therapy; repolarizing TAMs from M2 (pro-tumor) to M1 (anti-tumor) phenotypes represents an important therapeutic goal. We have previously shown that upregulated NF-kappaB (NF-κB) signaling in macrophages promotes M1 polarization, but effects in the context of ovarian cancer are unknown. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of increasing macrophage NF-κB activity in immunocompetent mouse models of ovarian cancer. METHODS We have generated a transgenic mouse model, termed IKFM, which allows doxycycline-inducible overexpression of a constitutively active form of IKK2 (cIKK2) specifically within macrophages. The IKFM model was used to evaluate effects of increasing macrophage NF-κB activity in syngeneic murine TBR5 and ID8-Luc models of ovarian cancer in two temporal windows: 1) in established tumors, and 2) during tumor implantation and early tumor growth. Tumor weight, ascites volume, ascites supernatant and cells, and solid tumor were collected at sacrifice. Populations of macrophages and T cells within solid tumor and/or ascites were analyzed by immunofluorescent staining and qPCR, and soluble factors in ascitic fluid were analyzed by ELISA. Comparisons of control versus IKFM groups were performed by 2-tailed Mann-Whitney test, and a P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Increased expression of the cIKK2 transgene in TAMs from IKFM mice was confirmed at the mRNA and protein levels. Tumors from IKFM mice, regardless of the timing of doxycycline (dox) administration, demonstrated greater necrosis and immune infiltration than control tumors. Analysis of IKFM ascites and tumors showed sustained shifts in macrophage populations away from the M2 and towards the anti-tumor M1 phenotype. There were also increased tumor-infiltrating CD3+/CD8+ T cells in IKFM mice, accompanied by higher levels of CXCL9, a T cell activating factor secreted by macrophages, in IKFM ascitic fluid. CONCLUSIONS In syngeneic ovarian cancer models, increased canonical NF-κB signaling in macrophages promoted anti-tumor TAM phenotypes and increased cytotoxic T cell infiltration, which was sufficient to limit tumor progression. This may present a novel translational approach for ovarian cancer treatment, with the potential to increase responses to T cell-directed therapy in future studies.
Collapse
|
7
|
Samanta D, Huang TYT, Shah R, Yang Y, Pan F, Semenza GL. BIRC2 Expression Impairs Anti-Cancer Immunity and Immunotherapy Efficacy. Cell Rep 2020; 32:108073. [PMID: 32846130 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has led to therapeutic responses in some cancer patients for whom no effective treatment previously existed. ICB acts on T lymphocytes and other immune cells that are inactivated due to checkpoint signals that inhibit their infiltration and function within tumors. But for more than 80% of patients, immunotherapy has not been effective. Here, we demonstrate a cancer-cell-intrinsic mechanism of immune evasion and resistance to ICB mediated by baculoviral IAP repeat-containing 2 (BIRC2). Knockdown of BIRC2 expression in mouse melanoma or breast cancer cells increases expression of the chemokine CXCL9 and impairs tumor growth by increasing the number of intratumoral activated CD8+ T cells and natural killer cells. Administration of anti-CXCL9 neutralizing antibody inhibits the recruitment of CD8+ T cells and natural killer cells to BIRC2-deficient tumors. Most importantly, BIRC2 deficiency dramatically increases the sensitivity of mouse melanoma and breast tumors to anti-CTLA4 and/or anti-PD1 ICB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debangshu Samanta
- Johns Hopkins Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tina Yi-Ting Huang
- Johns Hopkins Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rima Shah
- Johns Hopkins Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yongkang Yang
- Johns Hopkins Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Fan Pan
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gregg L Semenza
- Johns Hopkins Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Jablonska E, Garley M, Surazynski A, Grubczak K, Iwaniuk A, Borys J, Moniuszko M, Ratajczak-Wrona W. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation induced by TGF-β in oral lichen planus - Possible implications for the development of oral cancer. Immunobiology 2019; 225:151901. [PMID: 31882256 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2019.151901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders (OPMDs) including Oral Lichen Planus (OLP) are associated with risk of transformation to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Available data show that innate immune cells involving polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) with their ability to neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation are likely to be directly involved in development of cancer. Examination of NETs generation by TGF-β - induced neutrophils of OLP patients showed increased amounts of traps with MPO, H3Cit and cfDNA, known to be released with NETs. The presence of excessive amounts of NETs components may lead to numerous adverse consequences associated with potential transformation to OSCC. Bacterial-related infection may enhance the NETs formation and lead to consequences resulting from the excessive number of individual elements of these networks. It is likely that regulating NETs release by the flavonoids presented herein may be beneficial not only for inhibiting OLP development, but also in reducing risk of transformation to OSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Jablonska
- Department of Immunology Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Marzena Garley
- Department of Immunology Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
| | | | - Kamil Grubczak
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Immune Regulation Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
| | | | - Jan Borys
- Department of Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Marcin Moniuszko
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Immune Regulation Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Barbosa Lima LE, Muxel SM, Kinker GS, Carvalho-Sousa CE, da Silveira Cruz-Machado S, Markus RP, Fernandes PACM. STAT1-NFκB crosstalk triggered by interferon gamma regulates noradrenaline-induced pineal hormonal production. J Pineal Res 2019; 67:e12599. [PMID: 31356684 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin production by pineal glands is modulated by several immune signals. The nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NFκB) homodimers, lacking transactivation domains, once induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or tumor necrosis factor (TNF), inhibits the expression of Aanat gene and the synthesis of noradrenaline (NA)-induced melatonin. Interferon gamma (IFN-γ), on the other hand, increases melatonin synthesis. Furthermore, this cytokine activates the signal transducer as well as the activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) pathway, which was never evaluated as a melatonin synthesis modulator before. Reports demonstrated that IFN-γ might also activate NFκB. The present study evaluated the role of STAT1-NFκB crosstalk triggered by IFN-γ regarding the regulation of NA-induced pineal glands' hormonal production. Moreover, IFN-γ treatment increased NA-induced Aanat transcription, in addition to the synthesis of N-acetylserotonin (NAS) and melatonin. These effects were associated with STAT1 nuclear translocation, confirmed by the co-immunoprecipitation of STAT1 and Aanat promoter. Pharmacological STAT1 enhancement augmented NA-induced Aanat transcription as well as NAS and melatonin production. Additionally, IFN-γ induced the nuclear translocation of RelA-NFκB subunits. The blockade of this pathway prevented IFN-γ effects on the pineal function. The present data show that STAT1 and NFκB crosstalk controls melatonin production through a synergistic mechanism, disclosing a new integrative mechanism regarding pineal hormonal activity control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandra Marcia Muxel
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Bioscience, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela S Kinker
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Bioscience, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Regina P Markus
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Bioscience, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wijdeven RH, van Luijn MM, Wierenga-Wolf AF, Akkermans JJ, van den Elsen PJ, Hintzen RQ, Neefjes J. Chemical and genetic control of IFNγ-induced MHCII expression. EMBO Rep 2018; 19:embr.201745553. [PMID: 30021835 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201745553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The cytokine interferon-γ (IFNγ) can induce expression of MHC class II (MHCII) on many different cell types, leading to antigen presentation to CD4+ T cells and immune activation. This has also been linked to anti-tumour immunity and graft-versus-host disease. The extent of MHCII upregulation by IFNγ is cell type-dependent and under extensive control of epigenetic regulators and signalling pathways. Here, we identify novel genetic and chemical factors that control this form of MHCII expression. Loss of the oxidative stress sensor Keap1, autophagy adaptor p62/SQSTM1, ubiquitin E3-ligase Cullin-3 and chromatin remodeller BPTF impair IFNγ-mediated MHCII expression. A similar phenotype is observed for arsenite, an oxidative stressor. Effects of the latter can be reversed by the inhibition of HDAC1/2, linking oxidative stress conditions to epigenetic control of MHCII expression. Furthermore, dimethyl fumarate, an antioxidant used for the treatment of several autoimmune diseases, impairs the IFNγ response by manipulating transcriptional control of MHCII We describe novel pathways and drugs related to oxidative conditions in cells impacting on IFNγ-mediated MHCII expression, which provide a molecular basis for the understanding of MHCII-associated diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruud H Wijdeven
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, LUMC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marvin M van Luijn
- Department of Immunology, MS Center ErasMS, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annet F Wierenga-Wolf
- Department of Immunology, MS Center ErasMS, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jimmy J Akkermans
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, LUMC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Rogier Q Hintzen
- Department of Immunology, MS Center ErasMS, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, MS Center ErasMS, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jacques Neefjes
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, LUMC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ai R, Tao Y, Hao Y, Jiang L, Dan H, Ji N, Zeng X, Zhou Y, Chen Q. Microenvironmental regulation of the progression of oral potentially malignant disorders towards malignancy. Oncotarget 2017; 8:81617-81635. [PMID: 29113419 PMCID: PMC5655314 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) develop in a complex tissue microenvironment where they grow sustainably, acquiring oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) characteristics. The malignant tumor depends on interactions with the surrounding microenvironment to achieve loco-regional invasion and distant metastases. Unlike abnormal cells, the multiple cell types in the tissue microenvironment are relatively stable at the genomic level and, thus, become therapeutic targets with lower risk of resistance, decreasing the risk of OPMD acquiring cancer characteristics and carcinoma recurrence. However, deciding how to disrupt the OPMD and OSCC microenvironments is itself a daunting challenge, since their microenvironments present opposite capacities, resulting in diverse consequences. Furthermore, recent studies revealed that tumor-associated immune cells also participate in the process of differentiation from OPMD to OSCC, suggesting that reeducating stromal cells may be a new strategy to prevent OPMD from acquiring OSCC characteristics and to treat OSCC. In this review, we discuss the characteristics of the microenvironment of OPMD and OSCC as well as new therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Medicine of West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Medicine of West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yilong Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Medicine of West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Medicine of West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongxia Dan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Medicine of West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ning Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Medicine of West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Medicine of West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Medicine of West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qianming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Medicine of West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Vyshenska D, Lam KC, Shulzhenko N, Morgun A. Interplay between viruses and bacterial microbiota in cancer development. Semin Immunol 2017; 32:14-24. [PMID: 28602713 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
During the last few decades we have become accustomed to the idea that viruses can cause tumors. It is much less considered and discussed, however, that most people infected with oncoviruses will never develop cancer. Therefore, the genetic and environmental factors that tip the scales from clearance of viral infection to development of cancer are currently an area of active investigation. Microbiota has recently emerged as a potentially critical factor that would affect this balance by increasing or decreasing the ability of viral infection to promote carcinogenesis. In this review, we provide a model of microbiome contribution to the development of oncogenic viral infections and viral associated cancers, give examples of this process in human tumors, and describe the challenges that prevent progress in the field as well as their potential solutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dariia Vyshenska
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, 1601 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Khiem C Lam
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, 1601 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Natalia Shulzhenko
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, 208 Dryden Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | - Andrey Morgun
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, 1601 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Marshall A, Celentano A, Cirillo N, McCullough M, Porter S. Tissue-specific regulation of CXCL9/10/11 chemokines in keratinocytes: Implications for oral inflammatory disease. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172821. [PMID: 28253295 PMCID: PMC5333845 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The IFN-γ-inducible chemokines CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 play a key role in many inflammatory conditions, particularly those mediated by T cells. Therefore, the production of these chemokines in peripheral tissues could be instrumental in the pathophysiology of tissue-specific immunological diseases such as oral lichen planus (OLP). In the present study, we assessed the production of keratinocyte-derived CXCL9/10/11 under basal and inflammatory conditions and investigated whether these chemokines were involved in the pathogenesis of OLP. We used semi-quantitative PCR, ELISA, chemotaxis assays, and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) to assess the expression and functional role of CXCL9/10/11 in oral keratinocytes (three strains of normal human oral keratinocytes (NHOK), and the H357 oral cancer cell line) in the presence or absence of IFN-γ. CXCL9/10/11 were also assessed in tissues from normal patients and those with oral lichen planus (OLP). The time course study in oral keratinocytes treated with IFN-γ showed that expression of CXCL9/10/11 chemokines was significantly enhanced by IFN-γ in a time-dependent manner. In particular, CXCL10, a prominent chemokine that was overexpressed by IFN-γ-stimulated NHOK, was able to effectively recruit CD4 lymphocytes, mainly CD4+CD45RA- cells. Significantly higher levels of CXCL9/10/11 were found in tissues from patients with OLP compared to normal oral mucosa. Taken together, the results demonstrate that normal oral keratinocytes produce chemotactic molecules that mediate T cell recruitment. This study furthers understanding of chemokine production in oral keratinocytes and their role in the pathophysiology of oral mucosa, with particular relevance to OLP.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Chemokine CXCL10/genetics
- Chemokine CXCL10/metabolism
- Chemokine CXCL11/genetics
- Chemokine CXCL11/metabolism
- Chemokine CXCL9/genetics
- Chemokine CXCL9/metabolism
- Chemokines, CXC/genetics
- Chemokines, CXC/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Humans
- Interferon-gamma/pharmacology
- Keratinocytes/drug effects
- Keratinocytes/immunology
- Keratinocytes/metabolism
- Lichen Planus, Oral/genetics
- Lichen Planus, Oral/immunology
- Lichen Planus, Oral/metabolism
- Lichen Planus, Oral/pathology
- Mouth Mucosa/pathology
- Organ Specificity
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptors, CXCR3/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes/cytology
- T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alison Marshall
- University College London, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Antonio Celentano
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
- Melbourne Dental School and Oral Health CRC, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicola Cirillo
- Melbourne Dental School and Oral Health CRC, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael McCullough
- Melbourne Dental School and Oral Health CRC, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephen Porter
- University College London, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Synergistic Communication between CD4+ T Cells and Monocytes Impacts the Cytokine Environment. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34942. [PMID: 27721433 PMCID: PMC5056362 DOI: 10.1038/srep34942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Physiological cytokine environments arise from factors produced by diverse cell types in coordinated concert. Understanding the contributions of each cell type in the context of cell-cell communication is important for effectively designing disease modifying interventions. Here, we present multi-plexed measurement of 48 cytokines from a coculture system of primary human CD4+ T cells and monocytes across a spectrum of stimuli and for a range of relative T cell/monocyte compositions, coupled with corresponding measurements from PBMCs and plasma from the same donors. Computational analysis of the resulting data-sets elucidated communication-independent and communication-dependent contributions, including both positive and negative synergies. We find that cytokines in cell supernatants were uncorrelated to those found in plasma. Additionally, as an example of positive synergy, production levels of CXCR3 cytokines IP-10 and MIG, depend non-linearly on both IFNγ and TNFα levels in cross-talk between T cells and monocytes. Overall, this work demonstrates that communication between cell types can significantly impact the consequent cytokine environment, emphasizing the value of mixed cell population studies.
Collapse
|
15
|
Kursunel MA, Esendagli G. The untold story of IFN-γ in cancer biology. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2016; 31:73-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
16
|
Herpesvirus entry mediator on radiation-resistant cell lineages promotes ocular herpes simplex virus 1 pathogenesis in an entry-independent manner. mBio 2015; 6:e01532-15. [PMID: 26489863 PMCID: PMC4620471 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01532-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocular herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) infection leads to a potentially blinding immunoinflammatory syndrome, herpes stromal keratitis (HSK). Herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM), a widely expressed tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily member with diverse roles in immune signaling, facilitates viral entry through interactions with viral glycoprotein D (gD) and is important for HSV-1 pathogenesis. We subjected mice to corneal infection with an HSV-1 mutant in which HVEM-mediated entry was specifically abolished and found that the HVEM-entry mutant produced clinical disease comparable to that produced by the control virus. HVEM-mediated induction of corneal cytokines, which correlated with an HVEM-dependent increase in levels of corneal immune cell infiltrates, was also gD independent. Given the complexity of HVEM immune signaling, we used hematopoietic chimeric mice to determine which HVEM-expressing cells mediate HSV-1 pathogenesis in the eye. Regardless of whether the donor was a wild-type (WT) or HVEM knockout (KO) strain, HVEM KO recipients were protected from ocular HSV-1, suggesting that HVEM on radiation-resistant cell types, likely resident cells of the cornea, confers wild-type-like susceptibility to disease. Together, these data indicate that HVEM contributes to ocular pathogenesis independently of entry and point to an immunomodulatory role for this protein specifically on radiation-resistant cells. Immune privilege is maintained in the eye in order to protect specialized ocular tissues, such as the translucent cornea, from vision-reducing damage. Ocular herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) infection can disrupt this immune privilege, provoking a host response that ultimately brings about the majority of the damage seen with the immunoinflammatory syndrome herpes stromal keratitis (HSK). Our previous work has shown that HVEM, a host TNF receptor superfamily member that also serves as a viral entry receptor, is a critical component contributing to ocular HSV-1 pathogenesis, although its precise role in this process remains unclear. We hypothesized that HVEM promotes an inflammatory microenvironment in the eye through immunomodulatory actions, enhancing disease after ocular inoculation of HSV-1. Investigating the mechanisms responsible for orchestrating this aberrant immune response shed light on the initiation and maintenance of HSK, one of the leading causes of infectious blindness in the developed world.
Collapse
|
17
|
Rivas-Fuentes S, Salgado-Aguayo A, Pertuz Belloso S, Gorocica Rosete P, Alvarado-Vásquez N, Aquino-Jarquin G. Role of Chemokines in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Angiogenesis and Inflammation. J Cancer 2015; 6:938-52. [PMID: 26316890 PMCID: PMC4543754 DOI: 10.7150/jca.12286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most common types of aggressive cancer. The tumor tissue, which shows an active angiogenesis, is composed of neoplastic and stromal cells, and an abundant inflammatory infiltrate. Angiogenesis is important to support tumor growth, while infiltrating cells contribute to the tumor microenvironment through the secretion of growth factors, cytokines and chemokines, important molecules in the progression of the disease. Chemokines are important in development, activation of the immune response, and physiological angiogenesis. Chemokines have emerged as important regulators in the pathophysiology of cancer. These molecules are involved in the angiogenesis/angiostasis balance and in the recruitment of tumor infiltrating hematopoietic cells. In addition, chemokines promote tumor cell survival, as well as the directing and establishment of tumor cells to metastasis sites. The findings summarized here emphasize the central role of chemokines as modulators of tumor angiogenesis and their potential role as therapeutic targets in the inflammatory process of NSCLC angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Selma Rivas-Fuentes
- 1. Department of Biochemistry Research, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosío Villegas”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alfonso Salgado-Aguayo
- 2. Laboratory of Research on Rheumatic Diseases, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosío Villegas”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Silvana Pertuz Belloso
- 3. Department of Comparative Biology, Faculty of Sciences, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Patricia Gorocica Rosete
- 1. Department of Biochemistry Research, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosío Villegas”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Noé Alvarado-Vásquez
- 1. Department of Biochemistry Research, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosío Villegas”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Guillermo Aquino-Jarquin
- 4. Laboratory of Research on Genomics, Genetics and Bioinformatics. Tower of Haemato-oncology, Children´s Hospital of Mexico “Federico Gomez”, Mexico City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mori K, Haraguchi S, Hiori M, Shimada J, Ohmori Y. Tumor-associated macrophages in oral premalignant lesions coexpress CD163 and STAT1 in a Th1-dominated microenvironment. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:573. [PMID: 26242181 PMCID: PMC4525742 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1587-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are implicated in the growth, invasion and metastasis of various solid tumors. However, the phenotype of TAMs in premalignant lesions of solid tumors has not been clarified. In the present study, we identify the phenotype of TAMs in leukoplakia, an oral premalignant lesion, by immunohistochemical analysis and investigate the involvement of infiltrated T cells that participate in the polarization of TAMs. METHODS The subjects included 30 patients with oral leukoplakia and 10 individuals with normal mucosa. Hematoxylin and eosin slides were examined for the histological grades, and immunohistochemical analysis was carried out using antibodies against CD68 (pan-MΦ), CD80 (M1 MΦ), CD163 (M2 MΦ), CD4 (helper T cells: Th), CD8 (cytotoxic T cells), CXCR3, CCR5 (Th1), CCR4 (Th2), signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT1), phosphorylated STAT1 (pSTAT1) and chemokine CXCL9. The differences in the numbers of positively stained cells among the different histological grades were tested for statistical significance using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Correlations between different types of immune cells were determined using Spearman's rank analysis. RESULTS An increase in the rate of CD163(+) TAM infiltration was observed in mild and moderate epithelial dysplasia, which positively correlated with the rate of intraepithelial CD4(+) Th cell infiltration. Although CCR4(+) cells rarely infiltrated, CXCR3(+) and CCR5(+) cells were observed in these lesions. Cells positive for STAT1 and chemokine CXCL9, interferon- (IFN)-induced gene products, and pSTAT1 were also observed in the same lesions. Double immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that the cells that were positive for CD163 were also positive for STAT1. CONCLUSIONS CD163(+) TAMs in oral premalignant lesions coexpress CD163 and STAT1, suggesting that the TAMs in oral premalignant lesions possess an M1 phenotype in a Th1-dominated micromilieu.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazumasa Mori
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Diagnosis and Therapeutics Sciences, Meikai University of School of Dentistry, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama, 350-0283, Japan.
| | - Shigeki Haraguchi
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Diagnosis and Therapeutics Sciences, Meikai University of School of Dentistry, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama, 350-0283, Japan.
| | - Miki Hiori
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Oral Biology and Tissue Engineering, Meikai University of School of Dentistry, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama, 350-0283, Japan.
| | - Jun Shimada
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Diagnosis and Therapeutics Sciences, Meikai University of School of Dentistry, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama, 350-0283, Japan.
| | - Yoshihiro Ohmori
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Oral Biology and Tissue Engineering, Meikai University of School of Dentistry, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama, 350-0283, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
The role of Merkel cell polyomavirus and other human polyomaviruses in emerging hallmarks of cancer. Viruses 2015; 7:1871-901. [PMID: 25866902 PMCID: PMC4411681 DOI: 10.3390/v7041871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyomaviruses are non-enveloped, dsDNA viruses that are common in mammals, including humans. All polyomaviruses encode the large T-antigen and small t-antigen proteins that share conserved functional domains, comprising binding motifs for the tumor suppressors pRb and p53, and for protein phosphatase 2A, respectively. At present, 13 different human polyomaviruses are known, and for some of them their large T-antigen and small t-antigen have been shown to possess oncogenic properties in cell culture and animal models, while similar functions are assumed for the large T- and small t-antigen of other human polyomaviruses. However, so far the Merkel cell polyomavirus seems to be the only human polyomavirus associated with cancer. The large T- and small t-antigen exert their tumorigenic effects through classical hallmarks of cancer: inhibiting tumor suppressors, activating tumor promoters, preventing apoptosis, inducing angiogenesis and stimulating metastasis. This review elaborates on the putative roles of human polyomaviruses in some of the emerging hallmarks of cancer. The reciprocal interactions between human polyomaviruses and the immune system response are discussed, a plausible role of polyomavirus-encoded and polyomavirus-induced microRNA in cancer is described, and the effect of polyomaviruses on energy homeostasis and exosomes is explored. Therapeutic strategies against these emerging hallmarks of cancer are also suggested.
Collapse
|
20
|
Yu HT, Lee J, Shin EC, Park S. Significant Association between Serum Monokine Induced by Gamma Interferon and Carotid Intima Media Thickness. J Atheroscler Thromb 2015; 22:816-22. [PMID: 25739534 DOI: 10.5551/jat.28886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The immune system may play an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. T cell-driven inflammation in human hypertension and atherosclerosis has recently been revealed. In the present study, we evaluated the association between serum levels of the C-X-C chemokine receptor type 3 chemokines and the carotid intima media thickness (IMT) in humans. METHODS One hundred sixty-four consecutive patients undergoing baseline and 2-year follow-up carotid IMT (110 men, 62.4±10.0 years) were enrolled. The maximum carotid IMT (max-IMT) and the mean carotid IMT (mean-IMT) were measured at baseline and after 24 months. Clinical and laboratory variables, including serum levels of the monokine induced by gamma interferon (MIG) and interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10), were analyzed at the time of initial enrollment. RESULTS The baseline max- and mean-IMT were 0.992±0.235 and 0.793±0.191 mm, respectively. The serum levels of MIG and IP-10 significantly correlated with the carotid IMT. However, there was no significant correlation between the serum levels of MIG or IP-10 and IMT changes. A multivariate regression analysis revealed the serum MIG to be independently associated with the carotid IMT (max-IMT: β=0.194, p=0.010; mean-IMT: β=0.184, p=0.016) when controlled for age, sex, diabetes mellitus history, smoking history, body mass index, blood pressure, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and aspirin and statin medication. CONCLUSIONS Circulating MIG levels are independently associated with the carotid IMT, after adjusting for confounding factors and medications. These findings indicate the potential clinical implication of MIG with respect to early atherosclerosis in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hee Tae Yu
- Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
De Toma I, Rossetti G, Zambrano S, Bianchi ME, Agresti A. Nucleosome loss facilitates the chemotactic response of macrophages. J Intern Med 2014; 276:454-69. [PMID: 25069756 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a small nuclear protein with two functions. In the nucleus, it helps to wrap DNA around nucleosomes. When secreted, it recruits inflammatory cells and induces cytokine production. Before HMGB1 is secreted from inflammatory cells, it relocates to the cytoplasm, which partially or totally depletes cell nuclei of HMGB1. We previously showed that cells lacking HMGB1 contain 20% fewer nucleosomes and 30% more RNA transcripts levels genome-wide. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that the depletion of nuclear HMGB1 plays a role in inflammation that can enhance or complement the role of extracellular HMGB1. METHODS We analysed the transcriptional profile of wild-type and Hmgb1-/- mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) as a proxy for cells that have lost HMGB1 from their nuclei. We explored the transcriptome of wild-type and Hmgb1-/- macrophages differentiated in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, before and after exposure to LPS/IFN-γ. In the same cells, histones and nuclear HMGB1 were quantified. RESULTS We found that Hmgb1-/- MEFs show a transcriptional profile associated with stress and inflammation responses. Moreover, wild-type macrophages that have secreted HMGB1 because of LPS/IFN-γ exposure rapidly reduce their histone content as much as cells that genetically lack HMGB1. Importantly, unstimulated Hmgb1-/- macrophages activate transcriptional pathways associated with cell migration and chemotaxis. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that nucleosome loss is an early event that facilitates transcriptional responses of macrophages to inflammation, particularly chemotaxis. HMGB1's dual roles in the nucleus and in the extracellular space appear to be complementary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I De Toma
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Kang S, Xie J, Miao J, Li R, Liao W, Luo R. A knockdown of Maml1 that results in melanoma cell senescence promotes an innate and adaptive immune response. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2013; 62:183-90. [PMID: 22864395 PMCID: PMC11029605 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-012-1318-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2011] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Maml1 is emerging as a coactivator of many signaling pathways, including the Notch and Wnt pathways. Targeting Maml1 in melanoma cells efficiently knocks down the downstream transcriptional repressors Hey1 and Hes1, resulting in melanoma cell senescence, cellular differentiation, and increased melanin production. Significantly, higher IFNβ and chemokine gene transcripts have been observed, together with increased STAT1 and decreased STAT3 and NF-κB signaling activities. Although decreased cell proliferation contributes to slower tumor growth in vivo, the depletion of NK and CD8(+) T cells in an shMaml1-B16 tumor carrier mouse leads to more rapid tumor growth than that observed in control shC002-B16 tumors. This result demonstrates that the knockdown of Maml1 transcription and function contributes to increased immune surveillance. The knockdown of Maml1 transcription in the human melanoma cell line M537 also results in senescence, IFNβ upregulation, increased chemokine gene expression, and greater NK and CD8(+) T cell migration in a transwell system. This study demonstrated that targeting Maml1-induced tumor cell senescence and differentiation may alter the tumor microenvironment and cytokine and chemokine profiles and may also promote innate and adaptive immune cell infiltration and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shijun Kang
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kai JI, Huang WC, Tsai CC, Chang WT, Chen CL, Lin CF. Glycogen synthase kinase-3β indirectly facilitates interferon-γ-induced nuclear factor-κB activation and nitric oxide biosynthesis. J Cell Biochem 2011; 111:1522-30. [PMID: 20872791 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.22881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Either glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β or nuclear factor (NF)-κB regulates interferon (IFN)-γ-induced nitric oxide (NO) biosynthesis; however, the inter-regulation between GSK-3β and NF-κB is unknown. We have previously shown that IFN-γ-activated GSK-3β negatively regulates Src homology-2 domain-containing phosphatase (SHP) 2 to facilitate Janus kinase (Jak) 2-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 1 activation. Because Jaks-IFN-inducible dsRNA-activated serine-threonine protein kinase (PKR) axis signaling is essential for IFN-γ-activation of NF-κB, in this study we investigate the potential mechanism for GSK-3β-facilitated NF-κB activation in IFN-γ-stimulated RAW264.7 murine macrophages. Pharmacological inhibitors of GSK-3β or NF-κB signaling, such as the inhibitor of κB (IκB) kinase β (IKKβ) and IκBα, inhibited IFN-γ-induced inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and thus NO biosynthesis. Inhibiting GSK-3β decreased IFN-γ-induced NF-κB phosphorylation (Ser536) and activation. The upstream regulators for GSK-3β activation, including okadaic acid-sensitive protein phosphatase and proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2, were also important for IFN-γ-induced IκBα phosphorylation (Ser32) and degradation. Under IFN-γ stimulation, Jak2-PKR axis signaling induced IκBα inactivation as well as iNOS/NO biosynthesis. It is notable that inhibiting GSK-3β caused SHP2-mediated dephosphorylation of PKR (Thr446), IKKβ (Ser180), and NF-κB (Ser536). Taken together, we provide the first evidence to demonstrate that GSK-3β indirectly facilitates IFN-γ-induced NF-κB activation by inhibiting SHP2, in turn activating the PKR-IKKβ-IκBα axis signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jui-In Kai
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Liu C, Luo D, Reynolds BA, Meher G, Katritzky AR, Lu B, Gerard CJ, Bhadha CP, Harrison JK. Chemokine receptor CXCR3 promotes growth of glioma. Carcinogenesis 2010; 32:129-37. [PMID: 21051441 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgq224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor in adults. The poor prognosis and minimally successful treatments of GBM indicates a need to identify new therapeutic targets. In this study, we examined the role of CXCR3 in glioma progression using the GL261 murine model of malignant glioma. Intracranial GL261 tumors express CXCL9 and CXCL10 in vivo. Glioma-bearing CXCR3-deficient mice had significantly shorter median survival time and reduced numbers of tumor-infiltrated natural killer and natural killer T cells as compared with tumor-bearing wild-type (WT) mice. In contrast, pharmacological antagonism of CXCR3 with NBI-74330 prolonged median survival times of both tumor-bearing WT and CXCR3-deficient mice when compared with vehicle-treated groups. NBI-74330 treatment did not impact tumor infiltration of lymphocytes and microglia. A small percentage of GL261 cells were identified as CXCR3(+), which was similar to the expression of CXCR3 in several grade IV human glioma cell lines (A172, T98G, U87, U118 and U138). When cultured as gliomaspheres (GS), the human and murine lines increased CXCR3 expression; CXCR3 expression was also found in a primary human GBM-derived GS. Additionally, CXCR3 isoform A was expressed by all lines, whereas CXCR3-B was detected in T98G-, U118- and U138-GS cells. CXCL9 or CXCL10 induced in vitro glioma cell growth in GL261- and U87-GS as well as inhibited cell loss in U138-GS cells and this effect was antagonized by NBI-74330. The results suggest that CXCR3 antagonism exerts a direct anti-glioma effect and this receptor may be a potential therapeutic target for treating human GBM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Che Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Sreekanthreddy P, Srinivasan H, Kumar DM, Nijaguna MB, Sridevi S, Vrinda M, Arivazhagan A, Balasubramaniam A, Hegde AS, Chandramouli BA, Santosh V, Rao MR, Kondaiah P, Somasundaram K. Identification of Potential Serum Biomarkers of Glioblastoma: Serum Osteopontin Levels Correlate with Poor Prognosis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2010; 19:1409-22. [DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-09-1077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
|
26
|
Dharajiya N, Vaidya S, Sinha M, Luxon B, Boldogh I, Sur S. Allergen challenge induces Ifng dependent GTPases in the lungs as part of a Th1 transcriptome response in a murine model of allergic asthma. PLoS One 2009; 4:e8172. [PMID: 20027288 PMCID: PMC2791840 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2009] [Accepted: 10/29/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the current paradigm, allergic airway inflammation is mediated by Th2 cytokines and pro-inflammatory chemokines. Since allergic inflammation is self-limited, we hypothesized that allergen challenge simultaneously induces anti-inflammatory genes to counter-balance the effects of Th2 cytokines and chemokines. To identify these putative anti-inflammatory genes, we compared the gene expression profile in the lungs of ragweed-sensitized mice four hours after challenge with either PBS or ragweed extract (RWE) using a micro-array platform. Consistent with our hypothesis, RWE challenge concurrently upregulated Th1-associated early target genes of the Il12/Stat4 pathway, such as p47 and p65 GTPases (Iigp, Tgtp and Gbp1), Socs1, Cxcl9, Cxcl10 and Gadd45g with the Th2 genes Il4, Il5, Ccl2 and Ccl7. These Th1-associated genes remain upregulated longer than the Th2 genes. Augmentation of the local Th1 milieu by administration of Il12 or CpG prior to RWE challenge further upregulated these Th1 genes. Abolition of the Th1 response by disrupting the Ifng gene increased allergic airway inflammation and abrogated RWE challenge-induced upregulation of GTPases, Cxcl9, Cxcl10 and Socs1, but not Gadd45g. Our data demonstrate that allergen challenge induces two sets of Th1-associated genes in the lungs: 1) Ifng-dependent genes such as p47 and p65 GTPases, Socs1, Cxcl9 and Cxcl10 and 2) Ifng-independent Th1-inducing genes like Gadd45g. We propose that allergen-induced airway inflammation is regulated by simultaneous upregulation of Th1 and Th2 genes, and that persistent unopposed upregulation of Th1 genes resolves allergic inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh Dharajiya
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Hiroi M, Mori K, Sakaeda Y, Shimada J, Ohmori Y. STAT1 represses hypoxia-inducible factor-1-mediated transcription. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 387:806-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.07.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2009] [Accepted: 07/25/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
28
|
Hiroi M, Mori K, Sekine K, Sakaeda Y, Shimada J, Ohmori Y. Mechanisms of resistance to interferon-gamma-mediated cell growth arrest in human oral squamous carcinoma cells. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:24869-80. [PMID: 19596857 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.025932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon-gamma (IFNgamma) has an antiproliferative effect on a variety of tumor cells. However, many tumor cells resist treatment with IFNs. Here, we show that IFNgamma fails to inhibit the growth of some types of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells that possess a fully functional IFNgamma/STAT1 (signal transducer and activator of transcription-1) signaling pathway. IFNgamma inhibited the growth of the HSC-2, HSC-3, and HSC-4 OSCC cell lines. However, Ca9-22 cells were resistant to IFNgamma despite having intact STAT1-dependent signaling, such as normal tyrosine phosphorylation, DNA binding activity, and transcriptional activity of STAT1. The growth inhibition of HSC-2 cells resulted from S-phase arrest of the cell cycle. IFNgamma inhibited cyclin A2 (CcnA2)-associated kinase activity, which correlated with the IFNgamma-mediated down-regulation of CcnA2 and Cdk2 expression at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional level in HSC-2 cells but not in Ca9-22 cells. RNAi-mediated knockdown of CcnA2 and Cdk2 resulted in growth inhibition in both cell lines. These results indicate that the resistance of OSCC to IFNgamma is not due simply to the deficiency in STAT1-dependent signaling but results from a defect in the signaling component that mediates this IFNgamma-induced down-regulation of CcnA2 and Cdk2 expression at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miki Hiroi
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Oral Biology and Tissue Engineering, Meikai University School of Dentistry, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama 350-0283, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Williams R, Dhillon NK, Hegde ST, Yao H, Peng F, Callen S, Chebloune Y, Davis RL, Buch SJ. Proinflammatory cytokines and HIV-1 synergistically enhance CXCL10 expression in human astrocytes. Glia 2009; 57:734-43. [PMID: 18985732 DOI: 10.1002/glia.20801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
HIV encephalitis (HIVE), the pathologic correlate of HIV-associated dementia (HAD) is characterized by astrogliosis, cytokine/chemokine dysregulation, and neuronal degeneration. Increasing evidence suggests that inflammation is actively involved in the pathogenesis of HAD. In fact, the severity of HAD/HIVE correlates more closely with the presence of activated glial cells than with the presence and amount of HIV-infected cells in the brain. Astrocytes, the most numerous cell type within the brain, provide an important reservoir for the generation of inflammatory mediators, including interferon-gamma inducible peptide-10 (CXCL10), a neurotoxin and a chemoattractant, implicated in the pathophysiology of HAD. Additionally, the proinflammatory cytokines, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha, are also markedly increased in CNS tissues during HIV-1 infection. In this study, we hypothesized that the interplay of host cytokines and HIV-1 could lead to enhanced expression of the toxic chemokine, CXCL10. Our findings demonstrate a synergistic induction of CXCL10 mRNA and protein in human astrocytes exposed to HIV-1 and the proinflammatory cytokines. Signaling molecules, including JAK, STATs, MAPK (via activation of Erk1/2, AKT, and p38), and NF-kappaB were identified as instrumental in the synergistic induction of CXCL10. Understanding the mechanisms involved in HIV-1 and cytokine-mediated up-regulation of CXCL10 could aid in the development of therapeutic modalities for HAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Williams
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Investigation of immunosuppressive mechanisms in a mouse glioma model. J Neurooncol 2009; 93:107-14. [DOI: 10.1007/s11060-009-9884-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2008] [Accepted: 03/20/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
31
|
Méndez-Samperio P, Pérez A, Rivera L. Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-induced activation of PI3K/Akt and NF-kB signaling pathways regulates expression of CXCL10 in epithelial cells. Cell Immunol 2009; 256:12-8. [PMID: 19181310 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2008.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2008] [Revised: 12/23/2008] [Accepted: 12/23/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
CXCL10 production is a critical step in limiting mycobacterial infection. Although induction of this chemokine by mycobacteria in epithelial cells has been reported, it is still unclear how CXCL10 is regulated in Mycobacterium bovis BCG-infected epithelial cells. In this study, we demonstrate that phosphatidylinoditol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt and the nuclear factor kB (NF-kB) signaling pathways play an important role in CXCL10 expression at the protein and mRNA level in A549 cells. We demonstrate that treatment of A549 cells with LY294002 and wortmannin, two PI3K inhibitors, inhibited M. bovis BCG-induced CXCL10 expression. In addition, treatment of A549 cells with an Akt inhibitor significantly blocked M. bovis BCG-induced CXCL10 production. Moreover, our data show that treatment of epithelial cells with CAPE, BAY 11-7082, and PDTC three selective inhibitors of NF-kB, significantly reduced the effect of M. bovis BCG on induced CXCL10 mRNA expression (74%, 69% and 83% inhibition by 8microM CAPE, 10microM BAY 11-7082 and 3microM PDTC as assessed by real-time PCR, respectively). In accordance with the gene induction, the production of CXCL10 was also significantly reduced by these inhibitors. Finally, the inhibition of PI3K affect NF-kB activation in M. bovis BCG-infected cells, indicating that PI3K activity is required for the M. bovis BCG-induced activation of NF-kB. The functional association between PI3K/Akt and NF-kB demonstrates another mechanism in the regulation of M. bovis BCG-induced CXCL10 in A549 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Méndez-Samperio
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, IPN. Prol. Carpio y Plan de Ayala, México, D.F., México.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Hofer MJ, Carter SL, Müller M, Campbell IL. Unaltered neurological disease and mortality in CXCR3-deficient mice infected intracranially with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus-Armstrong. Viral Immunol 2009; 21:425-33. [PMID: 19115931 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2008.0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracranial infection of mice with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) results in a lethal neurological disease termed lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) that is mediated by antiviral CD8(+) T cells. Previous studies have implicated the chemokine receptor CXCR3 and its ligand CXCL10 in CD8(+) T cell trafficking in the brain and in the lethal disease following intracranial infection of mice with the LCMV-Traub strain. Here we investigated the role of CXCR3 in LCM following intracranial infection of mice with the LCMV-Armstrong strain. Significant induction of both CXCL9 and CXCL10 RNA and protein was seen in the central nervous system (CNS) in LCM. Cellular localization of the CXCL9 and CXCL10 RNA transcripts was identified predominantly in infiltrating mononuclear cells, as well as in subpial and paraventricular microglia (CXCL9) and astrocytes (CXCL10). Despite a primary role of interferon (IFN)-gamma in inducing the expression of the CXCL9 gene, and to a lesser extent the CXCL10 gene in LCM, the absence of the IFN-gamma receptor did not influence the disease outcome. This finding suggested that these chemokines may not play a major role in the pathogenesis of LCM. To evaluate this possibility further the development of LCM was examined in mice that were deficient for CXCR3. Surprisingly, in the absence of CXCR3 there was no alteration in mortality, cytokine expression, or T cell infiltration in the CNS, demonstrating that in contrast to LCMV-Traub, CXCR3 is not involved in the pathogenesis of LCMV-Armstrong-induced neurological disease in mice. Our findings indicate that despite similar immunopathogenetic mechanisms involving antiviral CD8(+) T cells, whether or not CXCR3 signaling has a role in LCM is dependent upon the infecting strain of LCMV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markus J Hofer
- School of Molecular and Microbial Biosciences and the Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Li N, Jian X, Hu Y, Xu C, Yao Z, Zhong X. Discovery of novel biomarkers in oral submucous fibrosis by microarray analysis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008; 17:2249-59. [PMID: 18768491 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-07-2908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a high-risk precancerous condition of the oral cavity. Areca nut chewing is its key etiologic factor, but the full pathogenesis is still obscure. In this study, microarray analysis was used to characterize the mRNA changes of 14,500 genes in four OSF and four normal buccal mucosa samples to identify novel biomarkers of OSF. Five candidate genes with the most differential changes were chosen for validation. The correlation between clinicopathologic variables of 66 OSF patients and the expression of each gene was assessed by immunohistochemistry. The microarray analysis showed that 661 genes were up-regulated (fold value >2) and 129 genes were down-regulated (fold value <0.5) in OSF (q < 0.01). The top three up-regulated genes [Loricrin, Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), Cys-X-Cys ligand 9 (CXCL9)] with the largest fold changes and the top two down-regulated genes [keratin 19 (KRT19), cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP 3A5)] with the most significantly differential changes in OSF were chosen as candidate biomarkers. In immunohistochemical results, the expression of Loricrin and COMP showed statistically significant association with histologic grade of OSF (P = 0.03 and 0.006, respectively). COMP was found to be overexpressed frequently in patients with the habit of areca nut chewing for more than 4 years (P = 0.002). CYP 3A5 was revealed an inverse correlation with histologic grade (P = 0.04). This pilot study showed that five novel genes might play important roles in the pathogenesis of OSF and may be clinically useful for early detection of OSF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
NF-kappaB-dependent synergistic regulation of CXCL10 gene expression by IL-1beta and IFN-gamma in human intestinal epithelial cell lines. Int J Colorectal Dis 2008; 23:305-17. [PMID: 18046562 PMCID: PMC2225996 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-007-0396-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/17/2007] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Little is known about the intestinal epithelial expression and secretion of CXCL10 (IP-10), a chemokine involved in recruiting T cells and monocytes. We aimed to study CXCL10 gene expression and regulation by the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1beta, interferon (IFN)-gamma and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in intestinal epithelial cell lines. MATERIALS AND METHODS CXCL10 expression and secretion kinetics were assessed in Caco-2, HT-29 and DLD1 human colon epithelial cells, treated with IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma alone or in combination with each other by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Northern blotting and enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA). Transient transfections with TGL-IP10 (CXCL10 promoter) and TGL-IP10-kappaB2 mutant promoter and gelshifts and supershifts for nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB were also performed. RESULTS Real-time PCRs and ELISA experiments revealed that IL-1beta was the strongest and earliest inducer of CXCL10 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression and protein secretion in Caco-2 cell line, whereas INF-gamma had a delayed kinetics. There was a strong synergistic effect of either TNF-alpha or IL-1beta with IFN-gamma both on CXCL10 mRNA expression and protein secretion in all three cell lines. Real-time PCR and ELISA experiments using a specific NF-kappaB inhibitor and transfection experiments with a NF-kappaB-binding defective CXCL10 promoter construct revealed that the induction of CXCL10 by IL-1beta and its synergism with IFN-gamma is NF-kappaB dependent. CONCLUSION These data demonstrate that in colonic epithelial cells, depending on the cellular context and utilizing the NF-kappaB pathway, IL-1beta alone and/or in synergism with IFN-gamma may play a major role in the induction of CXCL10.
Collapse
|
35
|
Carter SL, Müller M, Manders PM, Campbell IL. Induction of the genes for Cxcl9 and Cxcl10 is dependent on IFN-gamma but shows differential cellular expression in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and by astrocytes and microglia in vitro. Glia 2007; 55:1728-39. [PMID: 17902170 DOI: 10.1002/glia.20587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The chemokines CXCL9 and CXCL10 bind to the common receptor CXCR3 and are implicated in the pathogenesis of T-cell-mediated immunity in the central nervous system (CNS). Here we examined the temporal and spatial regulation of the Cxcl9 and Cxcl10 genes in the CNS of mice with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and by glial cells in vitro. During peak disease the levels of CXCL9 and CXCL10 mRNA and protein were increased significantly in the cerebellum and spinal cord but were reduced during the recovery phase. Expression of these genes in the CNS was abolished in IFN-gamma-receptor deficient mice with MOG-EAE. In wild-type mice, CXCL9 RNA was localized mainly to infiltrating mononuclear cells including lesion and perilesional microglia, while CXCL10 RNA was seen primarily in more distal astrocytes that surrounded the inflammatory lesions. Examination of cultured glia following treatment with IFN-gamma revealed that while both CXCL9 and CXCL10 mRNA transcripts were induced in microglia, only CXCL10 mRNA was induced in astrocytes. Thus, although IFN-gamma is the pivotal mediator of both Cxcl10 and Cxcl9 gene expression in EAE, this cytokine differentially regulates the expression of these genes by astrocytes and microglia. The differential glial localization of these chemokines in EAE suggests CXCL9 and CXCL10 have specialized functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sally L Carter
- School of Molecular and Microbial Biosciences, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Tamassia N, Calzetti F, Ear T, Cloutier A, Gasperini S, Bazzoni F, McDonald PP, Cassatella MA. Molecular mechanisms underlying the synergistic induction of CXCL10 by LPS and IFN-gamma in human neutrophils. Eur J Immunol 2007; 37:2627-34. [PMID: 17668902 DOI: 10.1002/eji.200737340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The CXCL10 chemokine is a critical chemoattractant for the recruitment of activated Th1 and NK cells into inflammatory sites. CXCL10 is typically produced by myeloid cells in response to IFN-gamma, as well as by neutrophils, though the latter require a costimulation with IFN-gamma and LPS. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism(s) whereby IFN-gamma and TLR4 ligation synergize to induce CXCL10 expression in neutrophils. By primary transcript real-time PCR analysis, we demonstrate that the CXCL10 gene is transcriptionally induced by the LPS plus IFN-gamma combination in neutrophils, consistent with previous studies showing that increased CXCL10 gene expression does not reflect enhanced mRNA stability. The IFN-gamma-induced STAT1 activation and the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NF-kappaB activation were not enhanced if neutrophils were exposed to both stimuli, whereas both transcription factors were activated by IFN-gamma or LPS in monocytes. Finally, pharmacological inhibitors of NF-kappaB demonstrated its role in the induction of CXCL10 expression by LPS plus IFN-gamma in neutrophils, and by LPS or IFN-gamma in monocytes. Together, these results suggest that in neutrophils, the synergy observed between LPS and IFN-gamma toward CXCL10 gene expression likely reflects the cooperative induction of the NF-kappaB and STAT1 transcription factors by LPS and IFN-gamma, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Tamassia
- Department of Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Shultz DB, Fuller JD, Yang Y, Sizemore N, Rani MS, Stark GR. Activation of a Subset of Genes by IFN-γ Requires IKKβ but Not Interferon-Dependent Activation of NF-κB. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2007; 27:875-84. [DOI: 10.1089/jir.2007.0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David B. Shultz
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - John D. Fuller
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Yonghui Yang
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Nywana Sizemore
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - M.R. Sandhya Rani
- Department of Immunology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - George R. Stark
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Kondoh N, Ohkura S, Arai M, Hada A, Ishikawa T, Yamazaki Y, Shindoh M, Takahashi M, Kitagawa Y, Matsubara O, Yamamoto M. Gene expression signatures that can discriminate oral leukoplakia subtypes and squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Oncol 2007; 43:455-62. [PMID: 16979924 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2006.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2006] [Revised: 04/24/2006] [Accepted: 04/25/2006] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to generate a classifier for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and leukoplakias (LPs), and evaluate its diagnostic potential. In order to identify marker gene candidates, differential gene expression between LPs and OSCCs were examined by cDNA microarray. The expression of 118 marker gene candidates was further evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (QRT-PCR) analyses of 27 OSCC and 19 LP tissues. We identified 12 up-regulated and 15 down-regulated marker genes in OSCCs compared to LPs. Using Fisher's linear discriminant analysis (LDA), we demonstrated that 11-gene predictors among this novel marker set could best distinguish OSCCs from LPs (>97% accuracy), whereas a further seven of these gene predictors could be utilized to distinguish higher grade (higher than moderate) from lower grade (lower than mild) dysplasias (>95% accuracy). These predictor gene sets provide multigene classifiers for the diagnosis of pre-cancerous to cancerous transition of oral malignancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuo Kondoh
- Department of Biochemistry II, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa-shi 359-8513, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Hurgin V, Novick D, Werman A, Dinarello CA, Rubinstein M. Antiviral and immunoregulatory activities of IFN-gamma depend on constitutively expressed IL-1alpha. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007; 104:5044-9. [PMID: 17360358 PMCID: PMC1817830 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0611608104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
IFN-gamma induces its immunoregulatory activities by activating genes mainly through the Jak-STAT signaling pathway. Here we show that what was considered to be intrinsic IFN-gamma activities depend largely on the basal level of NF-kappaB, which is maintained by constitutively expressed IL-1alpha. The IL-1 receptor antagonist and antibodies to IL-1alpha, but not to IL-1beta, inhibited the antiviral activity of IFN-gamma by 90%, whereas no inhibition of type I IFN activity was observed. Similarly, the induction of many genes by IFN-gamma, including HLA-DR, ICAM-1, IL-18BP, and genes mediating its antiviral activity, greatly depended on basal IL-1alpha. Furthermore, IFN-gamma induced serum IL-18 binding protein in wild-type mice but not in IL-1alpha/beta double-deficient mice. Thus, constitutively expressed IL-1alpha is critical for numerous IFN-gamma activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Hurgin
- *Department of Molecular Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; and
| | - Daniela Novick
- *Department of Molecular Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; and
| | - Ariel Werman
- *Department of Molecular Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; and
| | - Charles A. Dinarello
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO 80262
| | - Menachem Rubinstein
- *Department of Molecular Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; and
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Sakaeda Y, Hiroi M, Shimojima T, Iguchi M, Kanegae H, Ohmori Y. Sulindac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, selectively inhibits interferon-gamma-induced expression of the chemokine CXCL9 gene in mouse macrophages. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006; 350:339-44. [PMID: 17010317 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.09.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2006] [Accepted: 09/08/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Sulindac, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, has been shown to exert an anti-tumor effect on several types of cancer. To determine the effect of sulindac on intracellular signaling pathways in host immune cells such as macrophages, we investigated the effect of the drug on interferon gamma (IFNgamma)-induced expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) and other genes in mouse macrophage-like cell line RAW264.7 cells. Sulindac, but not aspirin or sodium salicylate, inhibited IFNgamma-induced expression of the CXC ligand 9 (CXCL9) mRNA, a chemokine for activated T cells, whereas the interferon-induced expression of CXCL10 or IFN regulatory factor-1 was not affected by sulindac. Luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that sulindac inhibited IFNgamma-induced promoter activity of the CXCL9 gene. Surprisingly, sulindac had no inhibitory effect on IFNgamma-induced STAT1 activation; however, constitutive nuclear factor kappaB activity was suppressed by the drug. These results indicate that sulindac selectively inhibited IFNgamma-inducible gene expression without inhibiting STAT1 activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiichi Sakaeda
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Oral Biology and Tissue Engineering, Meikai University School of Dentistry, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama 350-0283, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Ballester B, Ramuz O, Gisselbrecht C, Doucet G, Loï L, Loriod B, Bertucci F, Bouabdallah R, Devilard E, Carbuccia N, Mozziconacci MJ, Birnbaum D, Brousset P, Berger F, Salles G, Briére J, Houlgatte R, Gaulard P, Xerri L. Gene expression profiling identifies molecular subgroups among nodal peripheral T-cell lymphomas. Oncogene 2005; 25:1560-70. [PMID: 16288225 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1209178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The classification of peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) is still a matter of debate. To establish a molecular classification of PTCL, we analysed 59 primary nodal T-cell lymphomas using cDNA microarrays, including 56 PTCL and three T-lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL). The expression profiles could discriminate angioimmunoblastic lymphoma, anaplastic large-cell lymphoma and T-LBL. In contrast, cases belonging to the broad category of 'PTCL, unspecified' (PTCL-U) did not share a single molecular profile. Using a multiclass predictor, we could separate PTCL-U into three molecular subgroups called U1, U2 and U3. The U1 gene expression signature included genes known to be associated with poor outcome in other tumors, such as CCND2. The U2 subgroup was associated with overexpression of genes involved in T-cell activation and apoptosis, including NFKB1 and BCL-2. The U3 subgroup was mainly defined by overexpression of genes involved in the IFN/JAK/STAT pathway. It comprised a majority of histiocyte-rich PTCL samples. Gene Ontology annotations revealed different functional profile for each subgroup. These results suggest the existence of distinct subtypes of PTCL-U with specific molecular profiles, and thus provide a basis to improve their classification and to develop new therapeutic targets.
Collapse
|
42
|
Ruiz-Ballesteros E, Mollejo M, Rodriguez A, Camacho FI, Algara P, Martinez N, Pollán M, Sanchez-Aguilera A, Menarguez J, Campo E, Martinez P, Mateo M, Piris MA. Splenic marginal zone lymphoma: proposal of new diagnostic and prognostic markers identified after tissue and cDNA microarray analysis. Blood 2005; 106:1831-8. [PMID: 15914563 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2004-10-3898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL) is a newly recognized lymphoma type whose precise molecular pathogenesis is still essentially unknown. This hampers differential diagnosis with other small B-cell malignancies. With the aim of characterizing this tumor more comprehensively, and of identifying new diagnostic and prognostic markers, we performed cDNA microarray expression profiling and tissue microarray (TMA) immunohistochemical studies in a relatively large series of 44 SMZLs. The results were related to immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region (IgV(H)) mutational status and clinical outcome. SMZLs display a largely homogenous signature, implying the existence of a single molecular entity. Of the genes deregulated in SMZLs, special mention may be made of the genes involved in B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) activation, such as SYK, BTK, BIRC3, TRAF3, and LTB. Other genes observed were SELL and LPXN, which were highly expressed in spleen, and lymphoma oncogenes, such as ARHH and TCL1. In contrast, the genes CAV1, CAV2, and GNG11 located in 7q31, a commonly deleted area, were down-regulated in the entire series. A comparison with the genes comprising the signature of other small B-cell lymphomas identified 3 genes whose expression distinguishes SMZL, namely ILF1, SENATAXIN, and CD40. Shorter survival was associated with CD38 expression, naive IgV(H) genes, and the expression of a set of NF-kappaB pathway genes, including TRAF5, REL, and PKCA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Ruiz-Ballesteros
- Molecular Pathology Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, C/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, E-28 029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Hiroi M, Ohmori Y. Transcriptional Synergism between NF-.KAPPA.B and STAT1. J Oral Biosci 2005. [DOI: 10.2330/joralbiosci.47.230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
44
|
Hiroi M, Ohmori Y. Transcriptional Synergism between NF-κB and STAT1. J Oral Biosci 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s1349-0079(05)80029-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|