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Alshahrani MM, Ur Rehman K, Zaman U, Alissa M, Alghamdi SA, Hajri AK, Alanazi AN, Mahmoud HMA, Abdelrahman EA, Alsuwat MA. Divalent metal ion in the active site of purple acid phosphatase modulates substrate binding: Kinetic and thermodynamic properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134026. [PMID: 39048014 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The purple acid phosphatase was purified from 5.9-fold to apparent homogeneity from Anagelis arvensis seeds using SP-Sephadex C-50 and Sephadex G-100 chromatography. The results of residual activity tests conducted using different temperature ranges (50-70 °C) were calculated as the activation energy (Ed = 72 kJ/mol), enthalpy (69.31 ≤ (ΔH° ≤ 69.10 kJ/mol), entropy (-122.48 ≤ ΔS° ≤ -121.13 J/mol·K), and Gibbs free energy (108.87 ≤ ΔG° ≤ 111.25 kJ/mol) of the enzyme irreversible denaturation. These thermodynamic parameters indicate that this novel PAP is highly thermostable and may be significant for use in industrial applications. However, it may be confirmed by stopped-flow measurements that this substitution produces a chromophoric Fe3+ site and a Pi-substrate interaction that is about ten times faster. Additionally, these data show that phenyl phosphate hydrolysis proceeds more rapidly in metal form of A. arvensis PAP than the creation of a μ-1,3 phosphate complex. The Fe3+ site in the native Fe3+-Mn2+ derivative interacts with it at a faster rate than in the Fe3+-Fe2+ form. This is most likely caused by a network of hydrogen bonds between the first and second coordination spheres. This suggests that the choice of metal ions plays a significant role in regulating the activity of this enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Merae Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, 1988, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalil Ur Rehman
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, KPK, Pakistan.
| | - Umber Zaman
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Mohammed Alissa
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suad A Alghamdi
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amira K Hajri
- Department of Chemistry, Alwajh College, University of Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal N Alanazi
- Department of Chemistry, Khafji University College, University of Hafr Al Batin, Saudi Arabia
| | - HassabAlla M A Mahmoud
- Department of Physics, Applied College, King Khalid University, Muhayil 61913, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehab A Abdelrahman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt
| | - Meshari A Alsuwat
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Sharma L, Kahandal A, Kanagare A, Kulkarni A, Tagad CK. The multifaceted nature of plant acid phosphatases: purification, biochemical features, and applications. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2282379. [PMID: 37985663 PMCID: PMC11003492 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2282379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Acid phosphatases (EC 3.1.3.2) are the enzymes that catalyse transphosphorylation reactions and promotes the hydrolysis of numerous orthophosphate esters in acidic media, as a crucial element for the metabolism of phosphate in tissues. Inorganic phosphate (Pi) utilisation and scavenging, as well as the turnover of Pi-rich sources found in plant vacuoles, are major processes in which intracellular and secretory acid phosphatases function. Therefore, a thorough understanding of these enzymes' structural characteristics, specificity, and physiochemical properties is required to comprehend the function of acid phosphatases in plant energy metabolism. Furthermore, acid phosphatases are gaining increasing importance in industrial biotechnology due to their involvement in transphosphorylation processes and their ability to reduce phosphate levels in food products. Hence, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the purification methods employed for isolating acid phosphatases from diverse plant sources, as well as their structural and functional properties. Additionally, the review explores the potential applications of these enzymes in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lokesh Sharma
- School of Bioengineering Sciences & Research, MIT Art, Design and Technology University, Pune, India
| | - Amol Kahandal
- School of Bioengineering Sciences & Research, MIT Art, Design and Technology University, Pune, India
| | - Anant Kanagare
- Department of Chemistry, Deogiri College, Aurangabad, India
| | - Atul Kulkarni
- Symbiosis Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Lavale, India
| | - Chandrakant K. Tagad
- School of Bioengineering Sciences & Research, MIT Art, Design and Technology University, Pune, India
- Department of Biochemistry, S.B.E.S. College of Science, Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar, India
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3
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Feder D, Mohd-Pahmi SH, Adibi H, Guddat LW, Schenk G, McGeary RP, Hussein WM. Optimization of an α-aminonaphthylmethylphosphonic acid inhibitor of purple acid phosphatase using rational structure-based design approaches. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 254:115383. [PMID: 37087894 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Purple acid phosphatases (PAPs) are ubiquitous binuclear metallohydrolases that have been isolated from various animals, plants and some types of fungi. In humans and mice, elevated PAP activity in osteoclasts is associated with osteoporosis, making human PAP an attractive target for the development of anti-osteoporotic drugs. Based on previous studies focusing on phosphonate scaffolds, as well as a new crystal structure of a PAP in complex with a derivative of a previously synthesized α-aminonaphthylmethylphosphonic acid, phosphonates 24-40 were designed as new PAP inhibitor candidates. Subsequent docking studies predicted that all of these compounds are likely to interact strongly with the active site of human PAP and most are likely to interact strongly with the active site of pig PAP. The seventeen candidates were synthesized with good yields and nine of them (26-28, 30, 33-36 and 38) inhibit in the sub-micromolar to nanomolar range against pig PAP, with 28 and 35 being the most potent mammalian PAP inhibitors reported with Ki values of 168 nM and 186 nM, respectively. This study thus paves the way for the next stage of drug development for phosphonate inhibitors of PAPs as anti-osteoporotic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Feder
- The University of Queensland, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Siti Hajar Mohd-Pahmi
- The University of Queensland, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Hadi Adibi
- The University of Queensland, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia; Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Luke W Guddat
- The University of Queensland, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Gerhard Schenk
- The University of Queensland, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia; The University of Queensland, Sustainable Minerals Institute, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia; The University of Queensland, Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Ross P McGeary
- The University of Queensland, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Waleed M Hussein
- The University of Queensland, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia; Helwan University, Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ein Helwan, Helwan, Egypt.
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4
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Upadhyay P, Gupta M, Sra SK, Sharda R, Sharma S, Sardana VK, Akhatar J, Kaur G. Genome wide association studies for acid phosphatase activity at varying phosphorous levels in Brassica juncea L. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1056028. [PMID: 36605963 PMCID: PMC9808407 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1056028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Acid phosphatases (Apases) are an important group of enzymes that hydrolyze soil and plant phosphoesters and anhydrides to release Pi (inorganic phosphate) for plant acquisition. Their activity is strongly correlated to the phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) of plants. Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern & Coss) is a major oilseed crop that also provides protein for the animal feed industry. It exhibits low PUE. Understanding the genetics of PUE and its component traits, especially Apase activity, will help to reduce Pi fertilizer application in the crop. In the present study, we evaluated 280 genotypes of the diversity fixed foundation set of Indian mustard for Apase activity in the root (RApase) and leaf (LApase) tissues at three- low (5µM), normal (250µM) and high (1mM) Pi levels in a hydroponic system. Substantial effects of genotype and Pi level were observed for Apase activity in both tissues of the evaluated lines. Low Pi stress induced higher mean RApase and LApase activities. However, mean LApase activity was relatively more than mean RApase at all three Pi levels. JM06016, IM70 and Kranti were identified as promising genotypes with higher LApase activity and increased R/S at low Pi. Genome-wide association study revealed 10 and 4 genomic regions associated with RApase and LApase, respectively. Annotation of genomic regions in the vicinity of peak associated SNPs allowed prediction of 15 candidates, including genes encoding different family members of the acid phosphatase such as PAP10 (purple acid phosphatase 10), PAP16, PNP (polynucleotide phosphorylase) and AT5G51260 (HAD superfamily gene, subfamily IIIB acid phosphatase) genes. Our studies provide an understanding of molecular mechanism of the Apase response of B. juncea at varying Pi levels. The identified SNPs and candidate genes will support marker-assisted breeding program for improving PUE in Indian mustard. This will redeem the crop with enhanced productivity under restricted Pi reserves and degrading agro-environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Upadhyay
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Mehak Gupta
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Simarjeet Kaur Sra
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Rakesh Sharda
- Department of Soil & Water Engineering, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Sanjula Sharma
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Virender K. Sardana
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Javed Akhatar
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Gurpreet Kaur
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
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5
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Mo X, Liu G, Zhang Z, Lu X, Liang C, Tian J. Mechanisms Underlying Soybean Response to Phosphorus Deficiency through Integration of Omics Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4592. [PMID: 35562981 PMCID: PMC9105353 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Low phosphorus (P) availability limits soybean growth and yield. A set of potential strategies for plant responses to P deficiency have been elucidated in the past decades, especially in model plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana and rice (Oryza sativa). Recently, substantial efforts focus on the mechanisms underlying P deficiency improvement in legume crops, especially in soybeans (Glycine max). This review summarizes recent advances in the morphological, metabolic, and molecular responses of soybean to phosphate (Pi) starvation through the combined analysis of transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. Furthermore, we highlight the functions of the key factors controlling root growth and P homeostasis, base on which, a P signaling network in soybean was subsequently presumed. This review also discusses current barriers and depicts perspectives in engineering soybean cultivars with high P efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Cuiyue Liang
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.M.); (G.L.); (Z.Z.); (X.L.)
| | - Jiang Tian
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.M.); (G.L.); (Z.Z.); (X.L.)
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6
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The PAP Gene Family in Tomato: Comprehensive Comparative Analysis, Phylogenetic Relationships and Expression Profiles. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11040563. [PMID: 35214896 PMCID: PMC8879926 DOI: 10.3390/plants11040563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purple acid phosphatase (PAP) plays a vital role in plant phosphate acquisition and utilization, as well as cell wall synthesis and redox reactions. In this study, comprehensive comparative analyses of PAP genes were carried out using the integration of phylogeny, chromosomal localization, intron/exon structural characteristics, and expression profiling. It was shown that the number of introns of the PAP genes, which were distributed unevenly on 12 chromosomes, ranged from 1 to 12. These findings pointed to the existence of complex structures. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that PAPs from tomato, rice, and Arabidopsis could be divided into three groups (Groups I, II, and III). It was assumed that the diversity of these PAP genes occurred before the monocot–dicot split. RNA-seq analysis revealed that most of the genes were expressed in all of the tissues analyzed, with the exception of SlPAP02, SlPAP11, and SlPAP14, which were not detected. It was also found that expression levels of most of the SlPAP gene family of members were changed under phosphorus stress conditions, suggesting potential functional diversification. The findings of this work will help us to achieve a better insight into the function of SlPAP genes in the future, as well as enhance our understanding of their evolutionary relationships in plants.
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7
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O'Gallagher B, Ghahremani M, Stigter K, Walker EJL, Pyc M, Liu AY, MacIntosh GC, Mullen RT, Plaxton WC. Arabidopsis PAP17 is a dual-localized purple acid phosphatase up-regulated during phosphate deprivation, senescence, and oxidative stress. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:382-399. [PMID: 34487166 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A 35 kDa monomeric purple acid phosphatase (APase) was purified from cell wall extracts of Pi starved (-Pi) Arabidopsis thaliana suspension cells and identified as AtPAP17 (At3g17790) by mass spectrometry and N-terminal microsequencing. AtPAP17 was de novo synthesized and dual-localized to the secretome and/or intracellular fraction of -Pi or salt-stressed plants, or senescing leaves. Transiently expressed AtPAP17-green fluorescent protein localized to lytic vacuoles of the Arabidopsis suspension cells. No significant biochemical or phenotypical changes associated with AtPAP17 loss of function were observed in an atpap17 mutant during Pi deprivation, leaf senescence, or salinity stress. Nevertheless, AtPAP17 is hypothesized to contribute to Pi metabolism owing to its marked up-regulation during Pi starvation and leaf senescence, broad APase substrate selectivity and pH activity profile, and rapid repression and turnover following Pi resupply to -Pi plants. While AtPAP17 also catalyzed the peroxidation of luminol, which was optimal at pH 9.2, it exhibited a low Vmax and affinity for hydrogen peroxide relative to horseradish peroxidase. These results, coupled with absence of a phenotype in the salt-stressed or -Pi atpap17 mutant, do not support proposals that the peroxidase activity of AtPAP17 contributes to the detoxification of reactive oxygen species during stresses that trigger AtPAP17 up-regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryden O'Gallagher
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Mina Ghahremani
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
- Public Health Agency of Canada, 130 Colonnade Rd, A.L. 6501H, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Kyla Stigter
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Emma J L Walker
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Michal Pyc
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
- Willow Biosciences, Burnaby, British Columbia V5M 3Z3, Canada
| | - Ang-Yu Liu
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1079, USA
| | - Gustavo C MacIntosh
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1079, USA
| | - Robert T Mullen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - William C Plaxton
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
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8
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Huang XL. What are the inorganic nanozymes? Artificial or inorganic enzymes! NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj02088b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The research on inorganic nanozymes remains very active since the first paper on the “intrinsic peroxidase-like properties of ferromagnetic nanoparticles” was published in Nature Nanotechnology in 2007. However, there is...
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Deng S, Li J, Du Z, Wu Z, Yang J, Cai H, Wu G, Xu F, Huang Y, Wang S, Wang C. Rice ACID PHOSPHATASE 1 regulates Pi stress adaptation by maintaining intracellular Pi homeostasis. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:191-205. [PMID: 34550608 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The concentration and homeostasis of intracellular phosphate (Pi) are crucial for sustaining cell metabolism and growth. During short-term Pi starvation, intracellular Pi is maintained relatively constant at the expense of vacuolar Pi. After the vacuolar stored Pi is exhausted, the plant cells induce the synthesis of intracellular acid phosphatase (APase) to recycle Pi from expendable organic phosphate (Po). In this study, the expression, enzymatic activity and subcellular localization of ACID PHOSPHATASE 1 (OsACP1) were determined. OsACP1 expression is specifically induced in almost all cell types of leaves and roots under Pi stress conditions. OsACP1 encodes an acid phosphatase with broad Po substrates and localizes in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus (GA). The phylogenic analysis demonstrates that OsACP1 has a similar structure with human acid phosphatase PHOSPHO1. Overexpression or mutation of OsACP1 affected Po degradation and utilization, which further influenced plant growth and productivity under both Pi-sufficient and Pi-deficient conditions. Moreover, overexpression of OsACP1 significantly affected intracellular Pi homeostasis and Pi starvation signalling. We concluded that OsACP1 is an active acid phosphatase that regulates rice growth under Pi stress conditions by recycling Pi from Po in the ER and GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suren Deng
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingyi Li
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zezhen Du
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zixuan Wu
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongmei Cai
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gaobing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fangsen Xu
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yichao Huang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Sheliang Wang
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuang Wang
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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10
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Bhadouria J, Giri J. Purple acid phosphatases: roles in phosphate utilization and new emerging functions. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2022; 41:33-51. [PMID: 34402946 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-021-02773-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plants strive for phosphorus (P), which is an essential mineral for their life. Since P availability is limiting in most of the world's soils, plants have evolved with a complex network of genes and their regulatory mechanisms to cope with soil P deficiency. Among them, purple acid phosphatases (PAPs) are predominantly associated with P remobilization within the plant and acquisition from the soil by hydrolyzing organic P compounds. P in such compounds remains otherwise unavailable to plants for assimilation. PAPs are ubiquitous in plants, and similar enzymes exist in bacteria, fungi, mammals, and unicellular eukaryotes, but having some differences in their catalytic center. In the recent past, PAPs' roles have been extended to multiple plant processes like flowering, seed development, senescence, carbon metabolism, response to biotic and abiotic stresses, signaling, and root development. While new functions have been assigned to PAPs, the underlying mechanisms remained understood poorly. Here, we review the known functions of PAPs, the regulatory mechanisms, and their relevance in crop improvement for P-use-efficiency. We then discuss the mechanisms behind their functions and propose areas worthy of future research. Finally, we argue that PAPs could be a potential target for improving P utilization in crops. In turn, this is essential for sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Bhadouria
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Jitender Giri
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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11
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Feder D, Mohd-Pahmi SH, Hussein WM, Guddat LW, McGeary RP, Schenk G. Rational Design of Potent Inhibitors of a Metallohydrolase Using a Fragment-Based Approach. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:3342-3359. [PMID: 34331400 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Metallohydrolases form a large group of enzymes that have fundamental importance in a broad range of biological functions. Among them, the purple acid phosphatases (PAPs) have gained attention due to their crucial role in the acquisition and use of phosphate by plants and also as a promising target for novel treatments of bone-related disorders and cancer. To date, no crystal structure of a mammalian PAP with drug-like molecules bound near the active site is available. Herein, we used a fragment-based design approach using structures of a mammalian PAP in complex with the MaybridgeTM fragment CC063346, the amino acid L-glutamine and the buffer molecule HEPES, as well as various solvent molecules to guide the design of highly potent and efficient mammalian PAP inhibitors. These inhibitors have improved aqueous solubility when compared to the clinically most promising PAP inhibitors available to date. Furthermore, drug-like fragments bound in newly discovered binding sites mapped out additional scaffolds for further inhibitor discovery, as well as scaffolds for the design of inhibitors with novel modes of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Feder
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Siti H Mohd-Pahmi
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Waleed M Hussein
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Luke W Guddat
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Ross P McGeary
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Gerhard Schenk
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.,Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.,Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
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12
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Zaman U, Naz R, Khattak NS, Rehman KU, Saeed A, Farooq M, Sahar J, Iqbal A. Kinetic and thermodynamic studies of novel acid phosphates extracted from Cichorium intybus seedlings. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 168:195-204. [PMID: 33309659 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Herein for the first time a novel acid phosphatase from the seedlings of Cichorium intybus was purified to homogeneity by using various chromatographic techniques (salt precipitation, ion exchange, size exclusion and affinity chromatography) and thermodynamically characterized. The molecular mass of purified enzyme (66 kDa) was determined by SDS-PAGE under denaturing and non-denaturing conditions and by gel-filtration confirmed as dimer of molecular mass 130 kDa. The Michaelis-Menten (Km) constant for -p-NPP (0.3 mM) and (7.6 μmol/min/mg) Vmax. The enzyme was competitively inhibited by phosphate, molybdate and vanadate. Phenyl phosphate, ɑ and β-glycero-phosphate and-p-NPP were found to be good substrate. When temperature increased from (55 °C to 75 °C), the deactivation rate constant (kd) was increased (0.1 to 4.6 min-1) and half- life was decreased from 630 min to 15 min. Various thermal denaturation parameters; change in enthalpy (ΔH°), change in entropy (ΔS°) and change in free energy (ΔG°) were found 121.93 KJ·mol-1, 72.45 KJ·mol-1 and 98.08 KJ·mol-1 respectively, confirming that acid phosphatase undergoes a significant process of unfolding during deactivation. The biochemical properties of acid phosphatase from C. intybus on the behalf of biological activity and its relationship to pH variations, thermal deactivation and kinetics parameters provide an insight into its novel features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umber Zaman
- Institute of Chemical Science, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan
| | - Rubina Naz
- Institute of Chemical Science, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan
| | - Noor Saeed Khattak
- Center for Materials Science, Islamia College University, 25120, Pakistan.
| | - Khalil Ur Rehman
- Institute of Chemical Science, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan
| | - Asma Saeed
- Department of Biological Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- National Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Juma Sahar
- National Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Anwar Iqbal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Lakki Marwat, KPK, Pakistan
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13
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Genome-wide analysis of haloacid dehalogenase genes reveals their function in phosphate starvation responses in rice. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245600. [PMID: 33481906 PMCID: PMC7822558 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The HAD superfamily is named after the halogenated acid dehalogenase found in bacteria, which hydrolyses a diverse range of organic phosphate substrates. Although certain studies have shown the involvement of HAD genes in Pi starvation responses, systematic classification and bioinformatics analysis of the HAD superfamily in plants is lacking. In this study, 41 and 40 HAD genes were identified by genomic searching in rice and Arabidopsis, respectively. According to sequence similarity, these proteins are divided into three major groups and seven subgroups. Conserved motif analysis indicates that the majority of the identified HAD proteins contain phosphatase domains. A further structural analysis showed that HAD proteins have four conserved motifs and specified cap domains. Fewer HAD genes show collinearity relationships in both rice and Arabidopsis, which is consistent with the large variations in the HAD genes. Among the 41 HAD genes of rice, the promoters of 28 genes contain Pi-responsive cis-elements. Mining of transcriptome data and qRT-PCR results showed that at least the expression of 17 HAD genes was induced by Pi starvation in shoots or roots. These HAD proteins are predicted to be involved in intracellular or extracellular Po recycling under Pi stress conditions in plants.
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14
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Evaluation of the effect of MnFe2O4 nanoparticles on the activity parameters and stability of acid phosphatase. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-020-02728-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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15
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Asady B, Dick CF, Ehrenman K, Sahu T, Romano JD, Coppens I. A single Na+-Pi cotransporter in Toxoplasma plays key roles in phosphate import and control of parasite osmoregulation. PLoS Pathog 2021; 16:e1009067. [PMID: 33383579 PMCID: PMC7817038 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Inorganic ions such as phosphate, are essential nutrients required for a broad spectrum of cellular functions and regulation. During infection, pathogens must obtain inorganic phosphate (Pi) from the host. Despite the essentiality of phosphate for all forms of life, how the intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii acquires Pi from the host cell is still unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that Toxoplasma actively internalizes exogenous Pi by exploiting a gradient of Na+ ions to drive Pi uptake across the plasma membrane. The Na+-dependent phosphate transport mechanism is electrogenic and functionally coupled to a cipargarmin sensitive Na+-H+-ATPase. Toxoplasma expresses one transmembrane Pi transporter harboring PHO4 binding domains that typify the PiT Family. This transporter named TgPiT, localizes to the plasma membrane, the inward buds of the endosomal organelles termed VAC, and many cytoplasmic vesicles. Upon Pi limitation in the medium, TgPiT is more abundant at the plasma membrane. We genetically ablated the PiT gene, and ΔTgPiT parasites are impaired in importing Pi and synthesizing polyphosphates. Interestingly, ΔTgPiT parasites accumulate 4-times more acidocalcisomes, storage organelles for phosphate molecules, as compared to parental parasites. In addition, these mutants have a reduced cell volume, enlarged VAC organelles, defects in calcium storage and a slightly alkaline pH. Overall, these mutants exhibit severe growth defects and have reduced acute virulence in mice. In survival mode, ΔTgPiT parasites upregulate several genes, including those encoding enzymes that cleave or transfer phosphate groups from phosphometabolites, transporters and ions exchangers localized to VAC or acidocalcisomes. Taken together, these findings point to a critical role of TgPiT for Pi supply for Toxoplasma and also for protection against osmotic stresses. Inorganic phosphate (Pi) is indispensable for the biosynthesis of key cellular components, and is involved in many metabolic and signaling pathways. Transport across the plasma membrane is the first step in the utilization of Pi. The import mechanism of Pi by the intracellular parasite Toxoplasma is unknown. We characterized a transmembrane, high-affinity Na+-Pi cotransporter, named TgPiT, expressed by the parasite at the plasma membrane for Pi uptake. Interestingly, TgPiT is also localized to inward buds of the endosomal VAC organelles and some cytoplasmic vesicles. Loss of TgPiT results in a severe reduction in Pi internalization and polyphosphate levels, but stimulation of the biogenesis of phosphate-enriched acidocalcisomes. ΔTgPiT parasites have a shrunken cell body, enlarged VAC organelles, poor release of stored calcium and a mildly alkaline pH, suggesting a role for TgPiT in the maintenance of overall ionic homeostasis. ΔTgPiT parasites are poorly infectious in vitro and in mice. The mutant appears to partially cope with the absence of TgPiT by up-regulating genes coding for ion transporters and enzymes catalyzing phosphate group transfer. Our data highlight a scenario in which the role of TgPiT in Pi and Na+ transport is functionally coupled with osmoregulation activities central to sustain Toxoplasma survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beejan Asady
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore Maryland, United States of America
| | - Claudia F. Dick
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore Maryland, United States of America
| | - Karen Ehrenman
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore Maryland, United States of America
| | - Tejram Sahu
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore Maryland, United States of America
| | - Julia D. Romano
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore Maryland, United States of America
| | - Isabelle Coppens
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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16
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Srivastava R, Akash, Parida AP, Chauhan PK, Kumar R. Identification, structure analysis, and transcript profiling of purple acid phosphatases under Pi deficiency in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and its wild relatives. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 165:2253-2266. [PMID: 33098900 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Purple acid phosphatases (PAPs), a family of metallo-phosphoesterase enzymes, are involved in phosphorus nutrition in plants. In this study, we report that the tomato genome encodes 25 PAP members. Physio-biochemical analyses revealed relatively lower total root-associated acid phosphatase activity in the seedlings of Solanum pimpinellifolium than their cultivated tomato seedlings under Pi deficiency. Scrutiny of their transcript abundance shows that most of PAPs are activated, although to varying levels, under Pi deficiency in tomato. Further investigation demonstrates that the magnitude of induction of phosphate starvation inducible root-associated PAP homologs remains lower in the Pi-starved S. pimpinellifolium seedlings, hence, accounting for the lower acid phosphatase activity in this wild relative. Examination of their amino acid sequences revealed significant variation in their substrate-specificity defining residues. Among all members, only SlPAP15 possesses the critical lysine residue (R337) and atypical REKA motif in its C-terminal region. Homology modeling and docking studies revealed that ADP and ATP are preferred substrates of SlPAP15. We also identified other amino acid residues present in the vicinity of the active site, possibly facilitating such physical interactions. Altogether, the results presented here will help in the functional characterization of these genes in the tomato in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajat Srivastava
- PTRL, Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Akash
- PTRL, Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Adwaita Prasad Parida
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar Chauhan
- PTRL, Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Rahul Kumar
- PTRL, Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India.
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17
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Deng S, Lu L, Li J, Du Z, Liu T, Li W, Xu F, Shi L, Shou H, Wang C. Purple acid phosphatase 10c encodes a major acid phosphatase that regulates plant growth under phosphate-deficient conditions in rice. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:4321-4332. [PMID: 32270183 PMCID: PMC7475256 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Whilst constitutive overexpression of particular acid phosphatases (APases) can increase utilization of extracellular organic phosphate, negative effects are frequently observed in these transgenic plants under conditions of inorganic phosphate (Pi) sufficiency. In this study, we identified rice purple acid phosphatase 10c (OsPAP10c) as being a novel and major APase that exhibits activities associated both with the root surface and with secretion. Two constructs were used to generate the OsPAP10c-overexpression plants by driving its coding sequence with either a ubiquitin promoter (UP) or the OsPAP10c-native promoter (NP). Compared with the UP transgenic plants, lower expression levels and APase activities were observed in the NP plants. However, the UP and NP plants both showed a similar ability to degrade extracellular ATP and both promoted root growth. The growth performance and yield of the NP transgenic plants were better than the wild-type and UP plants in both hydroponic and field experiments irrespective of the level of Pi supply. Overexpression of APase by its native promoter therefore provides a potential way to improve crop production that might avoid increased APase activity in untargeted tissues and its inhibition of the growth of transgenic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suren Deng
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), MOA, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Linghong Lu
- Institute of Horticulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jingyi Li
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), MOA, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Zezhen Du
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), MOA, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Tongtong Liu
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), MOA, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Li
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), MOA, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Fangsen Xu
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), MOA, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Lei Shi
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), MOA, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Huixia Shou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Chuang Wang
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), MOA, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Correspondence:
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18
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Feder D, McGeary RP, Mitić N, Lonhienne T, Furtado A, Schulz BL, Henry RJ, Schmidt S, Guddat LW, Schenk G. Structural elements that modulate the substrate specificity of plant purple acid phosphatases: Avenues for improved phosphorus acquisition in crops. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 294:110445. [PMID: 32234228 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Phosphate acquisition by plants is an essential process that is directly implicated in the optimization of crop yields. Purple acid phosphatases (PAPs) are ubiquitous metalloenzymes, which catalyze the hydrolysis of a wide range of phosphate esters and anhydrides. While some plant PAPs display a preference for ATP as the substrate, others are efficient in hydrolyzing phytate or 2-phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP). PAP from red kidney bean (rkbPAP) is an efficient ATP- and ADPase, but has no activity towards phytate. Crystal structures of this enzyme in complex with ATP analogues (to 2.20 and 2.60 Å resolution, respectively) complement the recent structure of rkbPAP with a bound ADP analogue (ChemBioChem 20 (2019) 1536). Together these complexes provide the first structural insight of a PAP in complex with molecules that mimic biologically relevant substrates. Homology modeling was used to generate three-dimensional structures for the active sites of PAPs from tobacco (NtPAP) and thale cress (AtPAP26) that are efficient in hydrolyzing phytate and PEP as preferred substrates, respectively. The combining of crystallographic data, substrate docking simulations and a phylogenetic analysis of 49 plant PAP sequences (including the first PAP sequences reported from Eucalyptus) resulted in the identification of several active site residues that are important in defining the substrate specificities of plant PAPs; of particular relevance is the identification of a motif ("REKA") that is characteristic for plant PAPs that possess phytase activity. These results may inform bioengineering studies aimed at identifying and incorporating suitable plant PAP genes into crops to improve phosphorus acquisition and use efficiency. Organic phosphorus sources increasingly supplement or replace inorganic fertilizer, and efficient phosphorus use of crops will lower the environmental footprint of agriculture while enhancing food production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Feder
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ross P McGeary
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Natasa Mitić
- Department of Chemistry, Maynooth University, Maynooth Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Thierry Lonhienne
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Agnelo Furtado
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Benjamin L Schulz
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Robert J Henry
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Susanne Schmidt
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Luke W Guddat
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Gerhard Schenk
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
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19
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Synthesis, evaluation and structural investigations of potent purple acid phosphatase inhibitors as drug leads for osteoporosis. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 182:111611. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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20
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Guanidine- and purine-functionalized ligands of FeIIIZnII complexes: effects on the hydrolysis of DNA. J Biol Inorg Chem 2019; 24:675-691. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-019-01680-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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21
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He JZ, Dorion S, Lacroix M, Rivoal J. Sustained substrate cycles between hexose phosphates and free sugars in phosphate-deficient potato (Solanum tuberosum) cell cultures. PLANTA 2019; 249:1319-1336. [PMID: 30627889 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03088-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Futile cycling between free sugars and hexose phosphates occurring under phosphate deficiency could be involved in the maintenance of a threshold level of free cellular phosphate to preserve respiratory metabolism. We studied the metabolic response of potato cell cultures growing in Pi sufficient (2.5 mM, +Pi) or deficient (125 µM, -Pi) conditions. Under Pi deficiency, cellular growth was severely affected, however -Pi cells were able to maintain a low but steady level of free Pi. We surveyed the activities of 33 primary metabolic enzymes during the course of a 12 days Pi deficiency period. Our results show that many of these enzymes had higher specific activity in -Pi cells. Among these, we found typical markers of Pi deficiency such as phosphoenolpyruvate phosphatase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase as well as enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of organic acids. Intriguingly, several ATP-consuming enzymes such as hexokinase (HK) and phosphofructokinase also displayed increased activity in -Pi condition. For HK, this was associated with an increase in the steady state of a specific HK polypeptide. Quantification of glycolytic intermediates showed a pronounced decrease in phosphate esters under Pi deficiency. Adenylate levels also decreased in -Pi cells, but the Adenylate Energy Charge was not affected by the treatment. To investigate the significance of HK induction under low Pi, [U-14C]-glucose tracer studies were conducted. We found in vivo evidence of futile cycling between pools of hexose phosphates and free sugars under Pi deficiency. Our study suggests that the futile cycling between hexose phosphates and free sugars which is active under +Pi conditions is sustained under Pi deficiency. The possibility that this process represents a metabolic adaptation to Pi deficiency is discussed with respect to Pi homeostasis in Pi-deficient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Zhou He
- Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Université de Montréal, 4101 Sherbrooke est, Montréal, Qc, H1X 2B2, Canada
| | - Sonia Dorion
- Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Université de Montréal, 4101 Sherbrooke est, Montréal, Qc, H1X 2B2, Canada
| | - Mélanie Lacroix
- Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Université de Montréal, 4101 Sherbrooke est, Montréal, Qc, H1X 2B2, Canada
| | - Jean Rivoal
- Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Université de Montréal, 4101 Sherbrooke est, Montréal, Qc, H1X 2B2, Canada.
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22
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Wang X, Wang G, Wang Z, Wang Y, Huang R. Purification and characterization of peroxidase from zucchini (
Cucurbita pepo
L.). J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.13977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, College of Food Science and Engineering Shandong Agricultural University Taian P. R. China
- College of Food Science and Engineering Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University Jinan P. R. China
| | - Guoying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, College of Food Science and Engineering Shandong Agricultural University Taian P. R. China
| | - Zhaosheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, College of Food Science and Engineering Shandong Agricultural University Taian P. R. China
| | - Yingying Wang
- School of Food Science & Engineering Qilu University of Technology Jinan P. R. China
| | - Rong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, College of Food Science and Engineering Shandong Agricultural University Taian P. R. China
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23
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Martínez VR, Aguirre MV, Todaro JS, Piro OE, Echeverría GA, Naso LG, Ferrer EG, Williams PAM. Interaction of Zn with Losartan. Activation of Intrinsic Apoptotic Signaling Pathway in Lung Cancer Cells and Effects on Alkaline and Acid Phosphatases. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 186:413-429. [PMID: 29651733 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1334-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A new losartan [2-butyl-5-chloro-3-[[4-[2-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)phenyl]phenyl]methyl]imidazol-4-yl]methanol zinc(II) complex [Zn(Los)Cl], was synthesized and characterized. The crystal structure was determined by x-ray diffraction methods. When aqueous solutions of the ligand and the metal were mixed, the known and more soluble powder [Zn(Los)2].3H2O (ZnLos) complex has been obtained. The interactions with phosphatases showed a concerted mechanism displayed by the Zn ions and ZnLos up to 500 μM concentration: a decrease of the acid phosphatase (AcP) associated with an increase in the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities. The complex and ZnSO4 showed a cytotoxic behavior on human lung A549 cancer cell line at concentrations higher than 75 μM with reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and GSH (and GSH/GSSG ratio) depletion. Apoptotic cells were observed using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) method, a mechanism accompanied by upregulation of BAX protein, downregulation of Bcl-XL and release of caspase-3. The BAX/Bcl-XL ratio was found to be significantly higher in cells exposure to ZnLos than cells treated with ZnSO4, in agreement with the higher apoptotic percentage of cells found for the complex. Cell death was found to be produced by apoptosis and no necrosis has been observed. On the contrary, losartan exerted low effects on phosphatases, produced some reduction of cancer cell viability (concentrations > 250 μM, number of apoptotic cells similar to the basal) with low ROS depletion, without alteration of the GSH/GSSG and low BAX/Bcl-XL ratios. In the MRC-5, normal lung fibroblasts cell line only ZnSO4 at concentrations higher than 200 μM displays cytotoxic effects. Graphical abstract Interaction of Zn with losartan. Activation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in lung cancer cells and effects on alkaline and acid phosphatases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria R Martínez
- Centro de Química Inorgánica (CEQUINOR-CONICET-CICPBA-UNLP), 120 N° 1465, La Plata, Argentina
| | - María V Aguirre
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Bioquímicas, Facultad de Medicina, UNNE, Moreno, 1240, Corrientes, Argentina
| | - Juan S Todaro
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Bioquímicas, Facultad de Medicina, UNNE, Moreno, 1240, Corrientes, Argentina
| | - Oscar E Piro
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata y IFLP (CONICET, CCT La Plata), C.C. 67, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Gustavo A Echeverría
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata y IFLP (CONICET, CCT La Plata), C.C. 67, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Luciana G Naso
- Centro de Química Inorgánica (CEQUINOR-CONICET-CICPBA-UNLP), 120 N° 1465, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Evelina G Ferrer
- Centro de Química Inorgánica (CEQUINOR-CONICET-CICPBA-UNLP), 120 N° 1465, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Patricia A M Williams
- Centro de Química Inorgánica (CEQUINOR-CONICET-CICPBA-UNLP), 120 N° 1465, La Plata, Argentina.
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24
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Huang J, Huang Z, Zhou X, Xia C, Imran M, Wang S, Xu C, Zha M, Liu Y, Zhang C. Tissue-specific transcriptomic profiling of Plantago major provides insights for the involvement of vasculature in phosphate deficiency responses. Mol Genet Genomics 2018; 294:159-175. [PMID: 30267144 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-018-1496-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The vasculature of higher plants is important with transport of both nutrient and information molecules. To understand the correspondence of this tissue in molecular responses under phosphate (Pi) deficiency, Plantago major, a model plant for vasculature biology study, was chosen in our analysis. After RNA-Seq and de novo transcriptome assembly of 24 libraries prepared from the vasculature of P. major, 37,309 unigenes with a mean length of 1571 base pairs were obtained. Upon 24 h of Pi deficiency, 237 genes were shown to be differentially expressed in the vasculature of P. major. Among these genes, only 27 have been previously identified to be specifically expressed in the vasculature tissues in other plant species. Temporal expression of several marker genes associated with Pi deficiency showed that the time period of first 24 h is at the beginning stage of more dynamic expression patterns. In this study, we found several physiological processes, e.g., "phosphate metabolism and remobilization", "sucrose metabolism, loading and synthesis", "plant hormone metabolism and signal transduction", "transcription factors", and "metabolism of other minerals", were mainly involved in early responses to Pi deficiency in the vasculature. A number of vasculature genes with promising roles in Pi deficiency adaptation have been identified and deserve further functional characterization. This study clearly demonstrated that plant vasculature is actively involved in Pi deficiency responses and understanding of this process may help to create plants proficient to offset Pi deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | | | - Xiangjun Zhou
- Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Chao Xia
- Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan
| | - Shujuan Wang
- Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Congshan Xu
- Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Manrong Zha
- Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Yan Liu
- The Institute of Sericulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cankui Zhang
- Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA. .,Purdue Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
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Genome-wide analysis of purple acid phosphatase structure and expression in ten vegetable species. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:646. [PMID: 30170550 PMCID: PMC6119273 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-5022-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acquisition of external phosphorus (P) and optimisation of internal P are essential for plant growth and development, and insufficient availability of P in soils is a major challenge in agriculture. Members of the purple acid phosphatase (PAP) family of enzymes are candidates for increasing P use efficiency. Herein, we identified PAP homologs in the genomes of 10 vegetable species, along with Arabidopsis thaliana and Amborella trichopoda as references, to provide fundamental knowledge for this family. Results Phylogenetic analysis of protein sequences revealed nine distinct clades, indicating that functional differentiation of extant PAPs was established prior to the emergence of early angiosperms, and conserved among homologs in each clade. Analysis of transcript abundance in different tissues (root, stem, leaf, flower, and fruit) and following phosphates (Pi) starvation treatments from published RNA-seq transcriptome datasets facilitated comprehensive evaluation of expression patterns, and some groups of tissue-specific and Pi starvation-induced PAPs were characterised. Conserved motifs identified from upstream sequences of homologs that are highly expressed in particular tissues or following starvation treatment suggests that divergence in PAP gene expression is associated with cis-acting elements in promoters. Conclusions The genome-wide analysis of PAP enzyme structure and transcriptional expression patterns advance our understanding of PAP family in vegetables genomes. Therefore, PAP homologs with known enzyme structures and expression profiles could serve as targets for plant breeding and/or genetic engineering programs to improve P acquisition and use. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-5022-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Dutta N, Haldar S, Vijaykumar G, Paul S, Chattopadhyay AP, Carrella L, Bera M. Phosphatase-like Activity of Tetranuclear Iron(III) and Zinc(II) Complexes. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:10802-10820. [PMID: 30130107 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nityananda Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal-741235, India
| | - Shobhraj Haldar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal-741235, India
| | - Gonela Vijaykumar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education & Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal-741246, India
| | - Suvendu Paul
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal-741235, India
| | | | - Luca Carrella
- Institut fur Anorganische Chemie und Analytische Chemie, Johannes-Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Manindranath Bera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal-741235, India
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Heterodinuclear Zn(II)−Fe(III) and Homodinuclear M(II)−M(II) [M = Zn and Ni] complexes of a Bicompartmental [N 6 O] ligand as synthetic mimics of the hydrolase family of enzymes. J Inorg Biochem 2018; 185:30-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2018.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Pathak C, Gangwar MK, Ghosh P. Homodinuclear [Fe(III)−Fe(III)] and [Zn(II)−Zn(II)] complexes of a binucleating [N4O3] symmetrical ligand with purple acid phosphatase (PAP) and zinc phosphoesterase like activity. Polyhedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2018.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kong Y, Li X, Wang B, Li W, Du H, Zhang C. The Soybean Purple Acid Phosphatase GmPAP14 Predominantly Enhances External Phytate Utilization in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:292. [PMID: 29593758 PMCID: PMC5857590 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Induction and secretion of acid phosphatases (APases) is considered to be an important strategy for improving plant growth under conditions of low inorganic phosphate (Pi). Purple acid phosphatases (PAPs), are an important class of plant APases that could be secreted into the rhizosphere to utilize organic phosphorus (Po) for plant growth and development. To date, only a few members of the PAP family have been identified in soybean. In this paper, we identified a secreted PAP in soybean, GmPAP14, and investigated its role in utilizing external phytate, the main form of organic phosphorus in the soil. An analysis of its expression and promoter showed that GmPAP14 was mainly expressed in the root and was strongly induced following Po treatment, during which its expression expanded from meristematic to maturation zones and root hairs. In vitro enzyme assays indicated that GmPAP14 had a relatively high phytase activity. Furthermore, GmPAP14 overexpression increased secreted APase activities and phytase activities, leading to the improved use of external plant phytate, higher phosphorus content, and increased shoot weight. Thus, these results confirmed that GmPAP14 is an important gene induced in response to Po, and that it predominantly participates in utilizing external Po to enhance plant growth and development.
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Huang XL. Hydrolysis of Phosphate Esters Catalyzed by Inorganic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Acting as Biocatalysts. ASTROBIOLOGY 2018; 18:294-310. [PMID: 29489387 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2016.1628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus ester hydrolysis is one of the key chemical processes in biological systems, including signaling, free-energy transaction, protein synthesis, and maintaining the integrity of genetic material. Hydrolysis of this otherwise kinetically stable phosphoester and/or phosphoanhydride bond is induced by enzymes such as purple acid phosphatase. Here, I report that, as in previously reported aged inorganic iron ion solutions, the iron oxide nanoparticles in the solution, which are trapped in a dialysis membrane tube filled with the various iron oxides, significantly promote the hydrolysis of the various phosphate esters, including the inorganic polyphosphates, with enzyme-like kinetics. This observation, along with those of recent studies of iron oxide, vanadium pentoxide, and molybdenum trioxide nanoparticles that behave as mimics of peroxidase, bromoperoxidase, and sulfite oxidase, respectively, indicates that the oxo-metal bond in the oxide nanoparticles is critical for the function of these corresponding natural metalloproteins. These inorganic biocatalysts challenge the traditional concept of replicator-first scenarios and support the metabolism-first hypothesis. As biocatalysts, these inorganic nanoparticles with enzyme-like activity may work in natural terrestrial environments and likely were at work in early Earth environments as well. They may have played an important role in the C, H, O, S, and P metabolic pathway with regard to the emergence and early evolution of life. Key Words: Enzyme-Hydrolysis-Iron oxide-Nanoparticles-Origin of life-Phosphate ester. Astrobiology 18, 294-310.
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Pandey VP, Rani J, Jaiswal N, Singh S, Awasthi M, Shasany AK, Tiwari S, Dwivedi UN. Chitosan immobilized novel peroxidase from Azadirachta indica : Characterization and application. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 104:1713-1720. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Pathak C, Gupta SK, Gangwar MK, Prakasham AP, Ghosh P. Modeling the Active Site of the Purple Acid Phosphatase Enzyme with Hetero-Dinuclear Mixed Valence M(II)-Fe(III) [M = Zn, Ni, Co, and Cu] Complexes Supported over a [N 6O] Unsymmetrical Ligand. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:4737-4750. [PMID: 31457757 PMCID: PMC6641979 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The active site of the purple acid phosphatase enzyme has been successfully modeled by a series of hetero-dinuclear M(II)-Fe(III) [M = Zn, Ni, Co, and Cu] type complexes of an unsymmetrical [N6O] ligand that contained a bridging phenoxide moiety and one imidazoyl and three pyridyl moieties as the terminal N-binding sites. In particular, the hetero-dinuclear complexes, {L[MII(μ-OAc)2FeIII]}(ClO4)2 [M = Zn (3a), Ni (3b), Co (4a), and Cu (4b)], were obtained directly from the phenoxy-bridged ligand (HL), namely 2-{[bis(2-methylpyridyl)amino]methyl}-6-{[((1-methylimidazol-2-yl)methyl)(2-pyridylmethyl)amino]methyl}-4-t-butylphenol (2), upon sequential addition of Fe(ClO4)3·XH2O and M(ClO4)2·6H2O (M = Zn and Ni) or M(OAc)2·XH2O (M = Co and Cu), in a low-to-moderate (ca. 32-53%) yield. The temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibility measurements indicated weak antiferromagnetic coupling interactions occurring between the two metal centers in their high-spin states. All of the 3(a-b) and 4(a-b) complexes successfully carried out the hydrolysis of the bis(2,4-dinitrophenyl)phosphate (2,4-BDNPP) substrate in a mixed CH3CN/H2O (v/v 1:1) medium in the pH range of 5.5-10.5 at room temperature, thereby mimicking the functional activity of the native enzyme. The spectrophotometric titration suggested a monoaquated and dihydroxo species of the type {L[(H2O)MII(μ-OH)FeIII(OH)]}2+ to be the catalytically active species for the phosphodiester hydrolysis reaction within the pH range of ca. 5.80-7.15. Last, the kinetic studies on the hydrolysis of the model substrate, 2,4-BDNPP, divulge a Michaelis-Menten-type behavior for all complexes.
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Gao W, Lu L, Qiu W, Wang C, Shou H. OsPAP26 Encodes a Major Purple Acid Phosphatase and Regulates Phosphate Remobilization in Rice. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 58:885-892. [PMID: 28371895 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcx041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
During phosphate (Pi) starvation or leaf senescence, the accumulation of intracellular and extracellular purple acid phosphatases (PAPs) increases in plants in order to scavenge organic phosphorus (P). In this study, we demonstrated that a PAP-encoding gene in rice, OsPAP26, is constitutively expressed in all tissues. While the abundance of OsPAP26 transcript is not affected by Pi supply, it is up-regulated during leaf senescence. Furthermore, Pi deprivation and leaf senescence greatly increased the abundance of OsPAP26 protein. Overexpression or RNA interference (RNAi) of OsPAP26 in transgenic rice significantly increased or reduced APase activities, respectively, in leaves, roots and growth medium. Compared with wild-type (WT) plants, Pi concentrations of OsPAP26-overexpressing plants increased in the non-senescing leaves and decreased in the senescing leaves. The increased remobilization of Pi from the senescing leaves to non-senescing leaves in the OsPAP26-overexpressing plants resulted in better growth performance when plants were grown in Pi-depleted condition. In contrast, OsPAP26-RNAi plants retained more Pi in the senescing leaves, and were more sensitive to Pi starvation stress. OsPAP26 was found to localize to the apoplast of rice cells. Western blot analysis of protein extracts from callus growth medium confirmed that OsPAP26 is a secreted PAP. OsPAP26-overexpressing plants were capable of converting more ATP into inorganic Pi in the growth medium, which further supported the potential role of OsPAP26 in utilizing organic P in the rhizosphere. In summary, we concluded that OsPAP26 performs dual functions in plants: Pi remobilization from senescing to non-senescing leaves; and organic P utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Linghong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Wenmin Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, The Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Chuang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huixia Shou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
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O’Hara T, Seddon B, O’Connor A, McClean S, Singh B, Iwuoha E, Fuku X, Dempsey E. Quantum Dot Nanotoxicity Investigations Using Human Lung Cells and TOXOR Electrochemical Enzyme Assay Methodology. ACS Sens 2017; 2:165-171. [PMID: 28722443 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.6b00673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested that certain nanomaterials can interfere with optically based cytotoxicity assays resulting in underestimations of nanomaterial toxicity. As a result there has been growing interest in the use of whole cell electrochemical biosensors for nanotoxicity applications. Herein we report application of an electrochemical cytotoxicity assay developed in house (TOXOR) in the evaluation of toxic effects of mercaptosuccinic acid capped cadmium telluride quantum dots (MSA capped CdTe QDs), toward mammalian cells. MSA capped CdTe QDs were synthesized, characterized, and their cytotoxicity toward A549 human lung epithelial cells investigated. The internalization of QDs within cells was scrutinized via confocal microscopy. The cytotoxicity assay is based on the measurement of changes in cellular enzyme acid phosphatase upon 24 h exposure to QDs. Acid phosphatase catalyzes dephosphorylation of 2-naphthyl phosphate to 2-naphthol (determined by chronocoulometry) and is indicative of metabolic activity in cells. The 24 h IC50 (concentration resulting in 50% reduction in acid phosphatase activity) value for MSA capped CdTe QDs was found to be 118 ± 49 μg/mL using the TOXOR assay and was in agreement with the MTT assay (157 ± 31 μg/mL). Potential uses of this electrochemical assay include the screening of nanomaterials, environmental toxins, in addition to applications in the pharmaceutical, food, and health sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Emmanuel Iwuoha
- SensorLab,
Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag
X17, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
| | - Xolile Fuku
- SensorLab,
Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag
X17, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
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35
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Liu PD, Xue YB, Chen ZJ, Liu GD, Tian J. Characterization of purple acid phosphatases involved in extracellular dNTP utilization in Stylosanthes. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:4141-54. [PMID: 27194738 PMCID: PMC5301924 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Stylo (Stylosanthes spp.) is a pasture legume predominant in tropical and subtropical areas, where low phosphorus (P) availability is a major constraint for plant growth. Therefore, stylo might exhibit superior utilization of the P pool on acid soils, particularly organic P. However, little is known about mechanisms of inorganic phosphate (Pi) acquisition employed by stylo. In this study, the utilization of extracellular deoxy-ribonucleotide triphosphate (dNTP) and the underlying physiological and molecular mechanisms were examined for two stylo genotypes with contrasting P efficiency. Results showed that the P-efficient genotype, TPRC2001-1, was superior to the P-inefficient genotype, Fine-stem, when using dNTP as the sole P source. This was reflected by a higher dry weight and total P content for TPRC2001-1 than for Fine-stem, which was correlated with higher root-associated acid phosphatase (APase) activities in TPRC2001-1 under low P conditions. Subsequently, three PAP members were cloned from TPRC2001-1: SgPAP7, SgPAP10, and SgPAP26 Expression levels of these three SgPAPs were up-regulated by Pi starvation in stylo roots. Furthermore, there was a higher abundance of transcripts of SgPAP7 and SgPAP10 in TPRC2001-1 than in Fine-stem. Subcellular localization analysis demonstrated that these three SgPAPs were localized on the plasma membrane. Overexpression of these three SgPAPs could result in significantly increased root-associated APase activities, and thus extracellular dNTP utilization in bean hairy roots. Taken together, the results herein suggest that SgPAP7, SgPAP10, and SgPAP26 may differentially contribute to root-associated APase activities, and thus control extracellular dNTP utilization in stylo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan-Dao Liu
- College of Agriculture, Hainan University, Institute of Tropical Crop Genetic Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences, Hainan 570228, P. R. China State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Root Biology Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong 510642, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Bin Xue
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Root Biology Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong 510642, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Jian Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Root Biology Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong 510642, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Dao Liu
- College of Agriculture, Hainan University, Institute of Tropical Crop Genetic Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences, Hainan 570228, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Tian
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Root Biology Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong 510642, P. R. China
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Escudero GE, Martini N, Jori K, Jori N, Maresca NR, Laino CH, Naso LG, Williams PAM, Ferrer EG. Biological activities of Zn(II)-S-methyl-cysteine complex as antiradical, inhibitor of acid phosphatase enzyme and in vivo antidepressant effects. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2016; 31:1625-31. [PMID: 27028562 DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2016.1160900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The antidepressant effect of simple Zn(II) salts has been proved in several animal models of depression. In this study, a coordination metal complex of Zn(II) having a sulfur containing ligand is tested as antidepressant for the first time. Forced swimming test method on male Wistar rats shows a decrease in the immobility and an increase in the swimming behavior after treatment with [Zn(S-Met)2] (S-Met=S-methyl-l-cysteine) being more effective and remarkable than ZnCl2. The thiobarbituric acid and the pyranine consumption (hydroxyl and peroxyl radicals, respectively) methods were applied to evaluate the antioxidant activity of S-Met and [Zn(S-Met)2] showing evidence of attenuation of hydroxyl but not peroxyl radicals activities. UV-vis studies on the inhibition of acid phosphatase enzyme (AcP) demonstrated that S-methyl-l-cysteine did not produce any effect but, in contrast, [Zn(S-Met)2] complex behaved as a moderate inhibitor. Finally, bioavailability studies were performed by fluorescence spectroscopy denoting the ability of the albumin to transport the complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graciela E Escudero
- a Instituto de Bioquímica y Farmacia del IByF-CENIIT-UNLaR (Centro de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica), Av Luis Vernet y Apostol Felipe , La Rioja , Argentina
| | - Nancy Martini
- b Centro de Química Inorgánica (CEQUINOR/CONICET, UNLP), FCE-UNLP , La Plata , Argentina , and
| | - Khalil Jori
- b Centro de Química Inorgánica (CEQUINOR/CONICET, UNLP), FCE-UNLP , La Plata , Argentina , and
| | - Nadir Jori
- b Centro de Química Inorgánica (CEQUINOR/CONICET, UNLP), FCE-UNLP , La Plata , Argentina , and
| | - Nahuel R Maresca
- a Instituto de Bioquímica y Farmacia del IByF-CENIIT-UNLaR (Centro de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica), Av Luis Vernet y Apostol Felipe , La Rioja , Argentina
| | - Carlos H Laino
- c Instituto de Biotecnología del CENIIT-UNLaR (Centro de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica), Av Luis Vernet y Apostol Felipe , La Rioja , Argentina
| | - Luciana G Naso
- b Centro de Química Inorgánica (CEQUINOR/CONICET, UNLP), FCE-UNLP , La Plata , Argentina , and
| | - Patricia A M Williams
- b Centro de Química Inorgánica (CEQUINOR/CONICET, UNLP), FCE-UNLP , La Plata , Argentina , and
| | - Evelina G Ferrer
- b Centro de Química Inorgánica (CEQUINOR/CONICET, UNLP), FCE-UNLP , La Plata , Argentina , and
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Suen PK, Zhang S, Sun SSM. Molecular characterization of a tomato purple acid phosphatase during seed germination and seedling growth under phosphate stress. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2015; 34:981-992. [PMID: 25656565 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-015-1759-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
SlPAP1 is a phosphate starvation responsive purple acid phosphatase during tomato seed germination. Future research on its family members in tomato might improve the phosphate stress tolerance. Phosphate deficiency is a major constraint upon crop growth and yield. In response to phosphate deficiency, plants secrete acid phosphatases (APases) to scavenge organic phosphate from soil. In this study, we investigated the impact of Pi starvation on germination and seedling growth of tomato, and we then cloned and characterized a phosphate starvation responsive purple APase (SlPAP1) that expressed during tomato seedling growth. Our results showed that phosphate deficiency reduced germination and growth rates of tomato, and also increased intracellular and secretory APase activity in a concentration-dependent manner. An in-gel activity assay found that two APases of 50 and 75 kDa were secreted during conditions of phosphate deficiency. SlPAP1 is a single copy gene belonging to a small gene family. It was expressed as a cDNA of approximately 1.5 kbp encoding a secreted glycoprotein of 470 amino acids. Northern blot analysis showed that SlPAP1 was specifically expressed in root tissue during phosphate deficiency. SlPAP1 had high sequence identity (56-89%) with other plant PAPs and contained highly conserved metal-binding residues. SlPAP1 is the first PAP to be cloned and characterized from tomato. This study provides useful information for future research on PAP family members in tomato, leading to better understanding of phosphate deficiency in this important crop plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pui Kit Suen
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology and Agriculture Biotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,
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Pandey VP, Dwivedi UN. A ripening associated peroxidase from papaya having a role in defense and lignification: Heterologous expression and in-silico and in-vitro experimental validation. Gene 2015; 555:438-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Revised: 10/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Mitić N, Miraula M, Selleck C, Hadler KS, Uribe E, Pedroso MM, Schenk G. Catalytic mechanisms of metallohydrolases containing two metal ions. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2014; 97:49-81. [PMID: 25458355 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
At least one-third of enzymes contain metal ions as cofactors necessary for a diverse range of catalytic activities. In the case of polymetallic enzymes (i.e., two or more metal ions involved in catalysis), the presence of two (or more) closely spaced metal ions gives an additional advantage in terms of (i) charge delocalisation, (ii) smaller activation barriers, (iii) the ability to bind larger substrates, (iv) enhanced electrostatic activation of substrates, and (v) decreased transition-state energies. Among this group of proteins, enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of ester and amide bonds form a very prominent family, the metallohydrolases. These enzymes are involved in a multitude of biological functions, and an increasing number of them gain attention for translational research in medicine and biotechnology. Their functional versatility and catalytic proficiency are largely due to the presence of metal ions in their active sites. In this chapter, we thus discuss and compare the reaction mechanisms of several closely related enzymes with a view to highlighting the functional diversity bestowed upon them by their metal ion cofactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataša Mitić
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland.
| | - Manfredi Miraula
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland; School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Christopher Selleck
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kieran S Hadler
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Elena Uribe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Marcelo M Pedroso
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gerhard Schenk
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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McGeary RP, Schenk G, Guddat LW. The applications of binuclear metallohydrolases in medicine: Recent advances in the design and development of novel drug leads for purple acid phosphatases, metallo-β-lactamases and arginases. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 76:132-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Revised: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Lazali M, Zaman-Allah M, Amenc L, Ounane G, Abadie J, Drevon JJ. A phytase gene is overexpressed in root nodules cortex of Phaseolus vulgaris-rhizobia symbiosis under phosphorus deficiency. PLANTA 2013; 238:317-324. [PMID: 23677567 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-013-1893-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus is an essential nutrient for rhizobial symbioses to convert N2 into NH4 usable for N nutrition in legumes and N cycle in ecosystems. This N2 fixation process occurs in nodules with a high energy cost. Phytate is the major storage form of P and accounts for more than 50 % of the total P in seeds of cereals and legumes. The phytases, a group of enzymes widely distributed in plant and microorganisms, are able to hydrolyze a variety of inositol phosphates. Recently, phytase activity was discovered in nodules. However, the gene expression localization and its role in N2-fixing nodules are still unknown. In this work, two recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), selected as contrasting for N2 fixation under P deficiency, namely RILs 115 (P-efficient) and 147 (P-inefficient) were inoculated with Rhizobium tropici CIAT 899, and grown under hydroaeroponic conditions with sufficient versus deficient P supply. With in situ RT-PCR methodology, we found that phytase transcripts were particularly abundant in the nodule cortex and infected zone of both RILs. Under P deficiency, phytase transcripts were significantly more abundant for RIL115 than for RIL147, and more in the outer cortex than in the infected zone. Additionally, the high expression of phytase among nodule tissues for the P-deficient RIL115 was associated with an increase in phytase (33 %) and phosphatase (49 %) activities and efficiency in use of the rhizobial symbiosis (34 %). It is argued that phytase activity in nodules would contribute to the adaptation of the rhizobia-legume symbiosis to low-P environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Lazali
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR 1222 Eco&Sols, Ecologie Fonctionnelle & Biogéochimie des Sols et Agroécosystèmes, INRA-IRD-CIRAD-SupAgro, Place Pierre Viala, Montpellier, France.
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Balasubramanian M, Boopathy R. Purification and characterization of peroxidases from liquid endosperm of Cocos nucifera (L.): Biotransformation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2013.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Schenk G, Mitić N, Gahan LR, Ollis DL, McGeary RP, Guddat LW. Binuclear metallohydrolases: complex mechanistic strategies for a simple chemical reaction. Acc Chem Res 2012; 45:1593-603. [PMID: 22698580 DOI: 10.1021/ar300067g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Binuclear metallohydrolases are a large family of enzymes that require two closely spaced transition metal ions to carry out a plethora of hydrolytic reactions. Representatives include purple acid phosphatases (PAPs), enzymes that play a role in bone metabolism and are the only member of this family with a heterovalent binuclear center in the active form (Fe(3+)-M(2+), M = Fe, Zn, Mn). Other members of this family are urease, which contains a di-Ni(2+) center and catalyzes the breakdown of urea, arginase, which contains a di-Mn(2+) center and catalyzes the final step in the urea cycle, and the metallo-β-lactamases, which contain a di-Zn(2+) center and are virulence factors contributing to the spread of antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Binuclear metallohydrolases catalyze numerous vital reactions and are potential targets of drugs against a wide variety of human disorders including osteoporosis, various cancers, antibiotic resistance, and erectile dysfunctions. These enzymes also tend to catalyze more than one reaction. An example is an organophosphate (OP)-degrading enzyme from Enterobacter aerogenes (GpdQ). Although GpdQ is part of a pathway that is used by bacteria to degrade glycerolphosphoesters, it hydrolyzes a variety of other phosphodiesters and displays low levels of activity against phosphomono- and triesters. Such a promiscuous nature may have assisted the apparent recent evolution of some binuclear metallohydrolases to deal with situations created by human intervention such as OP pesticides in the environment. OP pesticides were first used approximately 70 years ago, and therefore the enzymes that bacteria use to degrade them must have evolved very quickly on the evolutionary time scale. The promiscuous nature of enzymes such as GpdQ makes them ideal candidates for the application of directed evolution to produce new enzymes that can be used in bioremediation and against chemical warfare. In this Account, we review the mechanisms employed by binuclear metallohydrolases and use PAP, the OP-degrading enzyme from Agrobacterium radiobacter (OPDA), and GpdQ as representative systems because they illustrate both the diversity and similarity of the reactions catalyzed by this family of enzymes. The majority of binuclear metallohydrolases utilize metal ion-activated water molecules as nucleophiles to initiate hydrolysis, while some, such as alkaline phosphatase, employ an intrinsic polar amino acid. Here we only focus on catalytic strategies applied by the former group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Schenk
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Ireland—Maynooth, Maynooth, County Kildare, Ireland
| | - Nataša Mitić
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Ireland—Maynooth, Maynooth, County Kildare, Ireland
| | - Lawrence R. Gahan
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - David L. Ollis
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
| | - Ross P. McGeary
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Luke W. Guddat
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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Tian J, Wang C, Zhang Q, He X, Whelan J, Shou H. Overexpression of OsPAP10a, a root-associated acid phosphatase, increased extracellular organic phosphorus utilization in rice. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2012; 54:631-9. [PMID: 22805094 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7909.2012.01143.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) deficiency is a major limitation for plant growth and development. Among the wide set of responses to cope with low soil P, plants increase their level of intracellular and secreted acid phosphatases (APases), which helps to catalyze inorganic phosphate (Pi) hydrolysis from organo-phosphates. In this study we characterized the rice (Oryza sativa) purple acid phosphatase 10a (OsPAP10a). OsPAP10a belongs to group Ia of purple acid phosphatases (PAPs), and clusters with the principal secreted PAPs in a variety of plant species including Arabidopsis. The transcript abundance of OsPAP10a is specifically induced by Pi deficiency and is controlled by OsPHR2, the central transcription factor controlling Pi homeostasis. In gel activity assays of root and shoot protein extracts, it was revealed that OsPAP10a is a major acid phosphatase isoform induced by Pi starvation. Constitutive overexpression of OsPAP10a results in a significant increase of phosphatase activity in both shoot and root protein extracts. In vivo root 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-phosphate (BCIP) assays and activity measurements on external media showed that OsPAP10a is a root-associated APase. Furthermore, overexpression of OsPAP10a significantly improved ATP hydrolysis and utilization compared with wild type plants. These results indicate that OsPAP10a can potentially be used for crop breeding to improve the efficiency of P use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingluan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Bargaz A, Ghoulam C, Amenc L, Lazali M, Faghire M, Abadie J, Drevon J. A phosphoenol pyruvate phosphatase transcript is induced in the root nodule cortex of Phaseolus vulgaris under conditions of phosphorus deficiency. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2012; 63:4723-30. [PMID: 22771853 PMCID: PMC3428000 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ers151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Although previous studies on N2-fixing legumes have demonstrated the contribution of acid phosphatases to their phosphorus (P) use efficiency under P-deficient growth conditions, localization of these enzymes in bean nodules has not been demonstrated. In this study, phosphoenol pyruvate phosphatase (PEPase) gene transcripts were localized within the nodule tissues of two recombinant inbred lines, RIL115 (P-deficiency tolerant) and RIL147 (P-deficiency sensitive), of Phaseolus vulgaris. Nodules were induced by Rhizobium tropici CIAT899 under hydroaeroponic conditions with a sufficient versus a deficient P supply. The results indicated that PEPase transcripts were particularly abundant in the nodule infected zone and cortex of both RILs. Analysis of fluorescence intensity indicated that nodule PEPase was induced under conditions of P deficiency to a significantly higher extent in RIL147 than in RIL115, and more in the inner cortex (91%) than in the outer cortex (71%) or the infected zone (79%). In addition, a significant increase (39%) in PEPase enzyme activity in the P-deficient RIL147 correlated with an increase (58%) in the efficiency of use in rhizobial symbiosis. It was concluded that nodule PEPase is upregulated under conditions of P deficiency in the P-deficiency-sensitive RIL147, and that this gene may contribute to adaptation of rhizobial symbiosis to low-P environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Bargaz
- INRA, UMR Eco&Sols – Ecologie Fonctionnelle & Biogéochimie des Sols & Agroécosystèmes2 Place Viala, F34060, Montpellier, France
- Equipe de Biotechnologie Végétale et Agrophysiologie des Symbioses, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques GuélizBP 549, 40000, Marrakech, Maroc
| | - C. Ghoulam
- Equipe de Biotechnologie Végétale et Agrophysiologie des Symbioses, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques GuélizBP 549, 40000, Marrakech, Maroc
| | - L. Amenc
- INRA, UMR Eco&Sols – Ecologie Fonctionnelle & Biogéochimie des Sols & Agroécosystèmes2 Place Viala, F34060, Montpellier, France
| | - M. Lazali
- INRA, UMR Eco&Sols – Ecologie Fonctionnelle & Biogéochimie des Sols & Agroécosystèmes2 Place Viala, F34060, Montpellier, France
| | - M. Faghire
- Equipe de Biotechnologie Végétale et Agrophysiologie des Symbioses, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques GuélizBP 549, 40000, Marrakech, Maroc
| | - J. Abadie
- INRA, UMR Eco&Sols – Ecologie Fonctionnelle & Biogéochimie des Sols & Agroécosystèmes2 Place Viala, F34060, Montpellier, France
| | - J.J. Drevon
- INRA, UMR Eco&Sols – Ecologie Fonctionnelle & Biogéochimie des Sols & Agroécosystèmes2 Place Viala, F34060, Montpellier, France
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Singh S, Pandey VP, Naaz H, Dwivedi UN. Phylogenetic analysis, molecular modeling, substrate-inhibitor specificity, and active site comparison of bacterial, fungal, and plant heme peroxidases. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2012; 59:283-94. [DOI: 10.1002/bab.1025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Accepted: 06/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Anand A, Srivastava PK. A molecular description of acid phosphatase. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2012; 167:2174-97. [PMID: 22684363 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-012-9694-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2011] [Accepted: 04/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Acid phosphatase is ubiquitous in distribution in various organisms. Although it catalyzes simple hydrolytic reactions, it is considered as an interesting enzyme in biological systems due to its involvement in different physiological activities. However, earlier reviews on acid phosphatase reveal some fragmentary information and do not give a holistic view on this enzyme. So, the present review summarizes studies on biochemical properties, structure, catalytic mechanism, and applications of acid phosphatase. Recent advancement of acid phosphatase in agricultural and clinical fields is emphasized where it is presented as potent agent for sustainable agricultural practices and diagnostic marker in bone metabolic disorders. Also, its significance in prostate cancer therapies as a therapeutic target has been discussed. At the end, current studies and prospects of immobilized acid phosphatase are included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asha Anand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
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Purification and Characterization of Peroxidase from Papaya (Carica papaya) Fruit. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2012; 167:367-76. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-012-9672-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Accepted: 04/09/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Alberto ME, Marino T, Russo N, Sicilia E, Toscano M. The performance of density functional based methods in the description of selected biological systems and processes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:14943-53. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp41836c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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