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Shanbhag AP, Bhowmik P. Cancer to Cataracts: The Mechanistic Impact of Aldo-Keto Reductases in Chronic Diseases. THE YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2024; 97:179-204. [PMID: 38947111 PMCID: PMC11202113 DOI: 10.59249/vtbv6559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Aldo-keto reductases (AKRs) are a superfamily of promiscuous enzymes that have been chiseled by evolution to act as catalysts for numerous regulatory pathways in humans. However, they have not lost their promiscuity in the process, essentially making them a double-edged sword. The superfamily is involved in multiple metabolic pathways and are linked to chronic diseases such as cataracts, diabetes, and various cancers. Unlike other detoxifying enzymes such as cytochrome P450s (CYP450s), short-chain dehydrogenases (SDRs), and medium-chain dehydrogenases (MDRs), that participate in essential pathways, AKRs are more widely distributed and have members with interchangeable functions. Moreover, their promiscuity is ubiquitous across all species and participates in the resistance of pathogenic microbes. Moreover, the introduction of synthetic substrates, such as synthetic molecules and processed foods, results in unwanted "toxification" due to enzyme promiscuity, leading to chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirudh P. Shanbhag
- Bugworks Research India Pvt. Ltd., Bengaluru,
Karnataka, India
- Novartis Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, Telangana,
India
| | - Purnendu Bhowmik
- Bugworks Research India Pvt. Ltd., Bengaluru,
Karnataka, India
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Platforms (C-CAMP),
National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS), Bengaluru, Karnataka,
India
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2
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Lan YW, Chen WR, Chang GRL, Chen YC, Chong KY, Chuang KC, Kao YT, Chen MS, Chen CM. Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1 (AKR1A1) exerts a protective function in alcohol-associated liver disease by reducing 4-HNE accumulation and p53 activation. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:18. [PMID: 38308335 PMCID: PMC10837880 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01200-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is influenced by the amount and duration of alcohol consumption. The resulting liver damage can range from reversible stages, such as steatosis, steatohepatitis and alcoholic fibrosis, to the advanced and irreversible stage of cirrhosis. Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1 (AKR1A1) is a member of the aldo-keto reductase family that catalyzes the reduction of aldehyde groups to their corresponding alcohols in an NADPH-dependent manner. AKR1A1 was found to be downregulated in patients diagnosed with ALD. This study aims to interpret the protective effects of AKR1A1 on the development of ALD. METHODS A 5% alcohol-fed (AF) Akr1a1 knockout (Akr1a1-/-) mouse model and an AML12 hepatocyte model were used. The effects of AKR1A1 on liver function, inflammation, oxidative stress, lipid accumulation, and fibrosis were assessed by ELISA, western blotting, RT‒PCR, and a variety of histological staining methods in AF-induced wild-type (WT) and Akr1a1-/- mice compared to control liquid diet-fed (PF) WT and Akr1a1-/- mice. RESULTS The results demonstrated that AF-WT mice expressed higher levels of AKR1A1 than WT mice fed a control diet, and they did not show any noticeable liver steatosis. However, AF-Akr1a1-/- mice displayed a lower survival rate and more severe liver injury than AF-WT mice, as demonstrated by increased proinflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, lipid accumulation, fibrosis, and reduced antioxidant enzymes in their livers. Additionally, elevated levels of 4-HNE and p53 phosphorylation were observed in AF-Akr1a1-/- mice, suggesting that the loss of AKR1A1 led to increased 4-HNE accumulation and subsequent activation of p53, which contributed to the progression of ALD. Furthermore, in AML12 hepatocytes, Akr1a1 knockdown aggravated oxidative stress and steatosis induced by palmitic acid/oleic acid (P/O) inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and fibrosis induced by TGF-β1. CONCLUSIONS This loss-of-function study suggests that AKR1A1 plays a liver-protective role during chronic alcohol consumption by reducing the accumulation of 4-HNE and inhibiting 4-HNE-mediated p53 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Wei Lan
- Department of Life Sciences, and Doctoral Program in Translational Medicine, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Kuo Kuang Rd, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Wan-Ru Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, and Doctoral Program in Translational Medicine, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Kuo Kuang Rd, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Gary Ro-Lin Chang
- Department of Life Sciences, and Doctoral Program in Translational Medicine, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Kuo Kuang Rd, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Cheng Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, and Doctoral Program in Translational Medicine, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Kuo Kuang Rd, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Kowit-Yu Chong
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
- Hyperbaric Oxygen Medical Research Lab, Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Cheng Chuang
- Department of Life Sciences, and Doctoral Program in Translational Medicine, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Kuo Kuang Rd, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
- The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Tsung Kao
- Department of Life Sciences, and Doctoral Program in Translational Medicine, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Kuo Kuang Rd, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi, 600, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Mu Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, and Doctoral Program in Translational Medicine, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Kuo Kuang Rd, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.
- The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.
- Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.
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3
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Ye X, Wang T, Zhong L, Farrés J, Xia J, Zeng X, Cao D. Aldo-keto reductase 1B10 as a Carcinogenic but Not a Prognostic Factor in Colorectal Cancer. J Cancer 2024; 15:1657-1667. [PMID: 38370384 PMCID: PMC10869966 DOI: 10.7150/jca.91064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the leading cause of cancer death, but little is known about its etiopathology. Aldo-keto reductase 1B10 (AKR1B10) protein is primarily expressed in intestinal epithelial cells, but lost in colorectal cancer tissues. This study revealed that AKR1B10 may not be a prognostic but an etiological factor in colorectal tumorigenesis. Using a tissue microarray, we investigated the expression of AKR1B10 in tumor tissues of 592 colorectal cancer patients with a mean follow-up of 25 years. Results exhibited that AKR1B10 protein was undetectable in 374 (63.13%), weakly positive in 146 (24.66%), and positive 72 (12.16%) of 592 tumor tissues. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that AKR1B10 expression was not correlated with overall survival or disease-free survival. Similar results were obtained in various survival analyses stratified by clinicopathological parameters. AKR1B10 was not correlated with tumor T-pathology, N-pathology, TNM stages, cell differentiation and lymph node/regional/distant metastasis either. However, AKR1B10 silencing in culture cells enhanced carbonyl induced protein and DNA damage; and in ulcerative colitis tissues, AKR1B10 deficiency was associated acrolein-protein lesions. Together this study suggests that AKR1B10 downregulation may not be a prognostic but a carcinogenic factor of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Ye
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan 410031, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China Hengyang Medical College. 28 W Changsheng Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421009, China
| | - Liyuan Zhong
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China Hengyang Medical College. 28 W Changsheng Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421009, China
| | - Jaume Farrés
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jiliang Xia
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China Hengyang Medical College. 28 W Changsheng Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421009, China
| | - Xi Zeng
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China Hengyang Medical College. 28 W Changsheng Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421009, China
| | - Deliang Cao
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China Hengyang Medical College. 28 W Changsheng Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421009, China
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Iino K, Toriumi K, Agarie R, Miyashita M, Suzuki K, Horiuchi Y, Niizato K, Oshima K, Imai A, Nagase Y, Kushima I, Koike S, Ikegame T, Jinde S, Nagata E, Washizuka S, Miyata T, Takizawa S, Hashimoto R, Kasai K, Ozaki N, Itokawa M, Arai M. AKR1A1 Variant Associated With Schizophrenia Causes Exon Skipping, Leading to Loss of Enzymatic Activity. Front Genet 2021; 12:762999. [PMID: 34938315 PMCID: PMC8685500 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.762999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a heterogeneous psychiatric disorder characterized by positive symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions, negative symptoms such as anhedonia and flat affect, and cognitive impairment. Recently, glucuronate (GlucA) levels were reported to be significantly higher in serum of patients with schizophrenia than those in healthy controls. The accumulation of GlucA is known to be related to treatment-resistant schizophrenia, since GlucA is known to promote drug excretion by forming conjugates with drugs. However, the cause of GlucA accumulation remains unclear. Aldo-keto reductase family one member A1 (AKR1A1) is an oxidoreductase that catalyzes the reduction of GlucA. Genetic loss of AKR1A1 function is known to result in the accumulation of GlucA in rodents. Here, we aimed to explore genetic defects in AKR1A1 in patients with schizophrenia, which may result in the accumulation of GlucA. We identified 28 variants of AKR1A1 in patients with schizophrenia and control subjects. In particular, we identified a silent c.753G > A (rs745484618, p. Arg251Arg) variant located at the first position of exon 8 to be associated with schizophrenia. Using a minigene assay, we found that the c.753G > A variant induced exon 8 skipping in AKR1A1, resulting in a frameshift mutation, which in turn led to truncation of the AKR1A1 protein. Using the recombinant protein, we demonstrated that the truncated AKR1A1 completely lost its activity. Furthermore, we showed that AKR1A1 mRNA expression in the whole blood cells of individuals with the c.753G > A variant tended to be lower than that in those without the variants, leading to lower AKR activity. Our findings suggest that AKR1A1 carrying the c.753G > A variant induces exon skipping, leading to a loss of gene expression and enzymatic activity. Thus, GlucA patients with schizophrenia with the c.753G > A variant may show higher GlucA levels, leading to drug-resistant schizophrenia, since drug excretion by GlucA is enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoka Iino
- Schizophrenia Research Project, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuya Toriumi
- Schizophrenia Research Project, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Riko Agarie
- Schizophrenia Research Project, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Miyashita
- Schizophrenia Research Project, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Metropolitan Matsuzawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Takatsuki Hospital, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Suzuki
- Schizophrenia Research Project, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Yasue Horiuchi
- Schizophrenia Research Project, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Niizato
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Metropolitan Matsuzawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Oshima
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Metropolitan Matsuzawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Imai
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Metropolitan Matsuzawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Nagase
- Department of Psychiatry, Takatsuki Hospital, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Itaru Kushima
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Medical Genomics Center, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Koike
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tempei Ikegame
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Jinde
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Nagata
- Department of Neurology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Washizuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Toshio Miyata
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Therapy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shunya Takizawa
- Department of Neurology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Ryota Hashimoto
- Department of Pathology of Mental Diseases, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Kiyoto Kasai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- The International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN) at The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study (UTIAS), Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Norio Ozaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masanari Itokawa
- Schizophrenia Research Project, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Metropolitan Matsuzawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Arai
- Schizophrenia Research Project, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Makoto Arai,
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Fujii J. Ascorbate is a multifunctional micronutrient whose synthesis is lacking in primates. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2021; 69:1-15. [PMID: 34376908 PMCID: PMC8325764 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.20-181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ascorbate (vitamin C) is an essential micronutrient in primates, and exhibits multiple physiological functions. In addition to antioxidative action, ascorbate provides reducing power to α-ketoglutarate-dependent non-heme iron dioxygenases, such as prolyl hydroxylases. Demethylation of histones and DNA with the aid of ascorbate results in the reactivation of epigenetically silenced genes. Ascorbate and its oxidized form, dehydroascorbate, have attracted interest in terms of their roles in cancer therapy. The last step in the biosynthesis of ascorbate is catalyzed by l-gulono-γ-lactone oxidase whose gene Gulo is commonly mutated in all animals that do not synthesize ascorbate. One common explanation for this deficiency is based on the increased availability of ascorbate from foods. In fact, pathways for ascorbate synthesis and the detoxification of xenobiotics by glucuronate conjugation share the metabolic processes up to UDP-glucuronate, which prompts another hypothesis, namely, that ascorbate-incompetent animals might have developed stronger detoxification systems in return for their lack of ability to produce ascorbate, which would allow them to cope with their situation. Here, we overview recent advances in ascorbate research and propose that an enhanced glucuronate conjugation reaction may have applied positive selection pressure on ascorbate-incompetent animals, thus allowing them to dominate the animal kingdom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Fujii
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
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6
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Fujii J, Homma T, Miyata S, Takahashi M. Pleiotropic Actions of Aldehyde Reductase (AKR1A). Metabolites 2021; 11:343. [PMID: 34073440 PMCID: PMC8227408 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11060343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We provide an overview of the physiological roles of aldehyde reductase (AKR1A) and also discuss the functions of aldose reductase (AKR1B) and other family members when necessary. Many types of aldehyde compounds are cytotoxic and some are even carcinogenic. Such toxic aldehydes are detoxified via the action of AKR in an NADPH-dependent manner and the resulting products may exert anti-diabetic and anti-tumorigenic activity. AKR1A is capable of reducing 3-deoxyglucosone and methylglyoxal, which are reactive intermediates that are involved in glycation, a non-enzymatic glycosylation reaction. Accordingly, AKR1A is thought to suppress the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and prevent diabetic complications. AKR1A and, in part, AKR1B are responsible for the conversion of d-glucuronate to l-gulonate which constitutes a process for ascorbate (vitamin C) synthesis in competent animals. AKR1A is also involved in the reduction of S-nitrosylated glutathione and coenzyme A and thereby suppresses the protein S-nitrosylation that occurs under conditions in which the production of nitric oxide is stimulated. As the physiological functions of AKR1A are currently not completely understood, the genetic modification of Akr1a could reveal the latent functions of AKR1A and differentiate it from other family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Fujii
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan;
| | - Takujiro Homma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan;
| | - Satoshi Miyata
- Miyata Diabetes and Metabolism Clinic, 5-17-21 Fukushima, Fukushima-ku, Osaka 553-0003, Japan;
| | - Motoko Takahashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan;
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7
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Endo S, Matsunaga T, Nishinaka T. The Role of AKR1B10 in Physiology and Pathophysiology. Metabolites 2021; 11:332. [PMID: 34063865 PMCID: PMC8224097 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11060332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AKR1B10 is a human nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-dependent reductase belonging to the aldo-keto reductase (AKR) 1B subfamily. It catalyzes the reduction of aldehydes, some ketones and quinones, and interacts with acetyl-CoA carboxylase and heat shock protein 90α. The enzyme is highly expressed in epithelial cells of the stomach and intestine, but down-regulated in gastrointestinal cancers and inflammatory bowel diseases. In contrast, AKR1B10 expression is low in other tissues, where the enzyme is upregulated in cancers, as well as in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and several skin diseases. In addition, the enzyme's expression is elevated in cancer cells resistant to clinical anti-cancer drugs. Thus, growing evidence supports AKR1B10 as a potential target for diagnosing and treating these diseases. Herein, we reviewed the literature on the roles of AKR1B10 in a healthy gastrointestinal tract, the development and progression of cancers and acquired chemoresistance, in addition to its gene regulation, functions, and inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Endo
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Matsunaga
- Education Center of Green Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu 502-8585, Japan;
| | - Toru Nishinaka
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Tondabayashi 584-8540, Osaka, Japan;
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Viedma-Poyatos Á, González-Jiménez P, Langlois O, Company-Marín I, Spickett CM, Pérez-Sala D. Protein Lipoxidation: Basic Concepts and Emerging Roles. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:295. [PMID: 33669164 PMCID: PMC7919664 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein lipoxidation is a non-enzymatic post-translational modification that consists of the covalent addition of reactive lipid species to proteins. This occurs under basal conditions but increases in situations associated with oxidative stress. Protein targets for lipoxidation include metabolic and signalling enzymes, cytoskeletal proteins, and transcription factors, among others. There is strong evidence for the involvement of protein lipoxidation in disease, including atherosclerosis, neurodegeneration, and cancer. Nevertheless, the involvement of lipoxidation in cellular regulatory mechanisms is less understood. Here we review basic aspects of protein lipoxidation and discuss several features that could support its role in cell signalling, including its selectivity, reversibility, and possibilities for regulation at the levels of the generation and/or detoxification of reactive lipids. Moreover, given the great structural variety of electrophilic lipid species, protein lipoxidation can contribute to the generation of multiple structurally and functionally diverse protein species. Finally, the nature of the lipoxidised proteins and residues provides a frameshift for a complex interplay with other post-translational modifications, including redox and redox-regulated modifications, such as oxidative modifications and phosphorylation, thus strengthening the importance of detailed knowledge of this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Viedma-Poyatos
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (C.S.I.C.), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia González-Jiménez
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (C.S.I.C.), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ophélie Langlois
- College of Health & Life Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - Idoia Company-Marín
- College of Health & Life Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - Corinne M Spickett
- College of Health & Life Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - Dolores Pérez-Sala
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (C.S.I.C.), 28040 Madrid, Spain
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9
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Zeng F, Zhang Y, Han X, Zeng M, Gao Y, Weng J. Predicting Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Progression and Immune Deregulations by Specific Gene Expression Patterns. Front Immunol 2021; 11:609900. [PMID: 33574818 PMCID: PMC7870871 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.609900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease worldwide with rising rates in parallel to obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. NAFLD includes pathologies ranging from simple steatosis (NAFL) to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and cirrhosis (NASH), which may eventually develop into hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Mechanically, lipids accumulation and insulin resistance act as the first hit, inflammation and fibrosis serve as the second hit. Currently, the diagnosis of NAFLD mainly depends on pathology examination and medical imaging, whereas proper gene signature classifiers are necessary for the evaluation of disease status. Here, we developed three signature classifiers to distinguish different NAFLD disease states (NAFL and NASH). Moreover, we found that B cells, DCs, and MAIT cells are key deregulated immune cells in NAFLD, which are associated with NAFLD and NAFLD-HCC progression. Meanwhile, AKR1B10 and SPP1 are closely related to the above three immune cell infiltrations and immunosuppressive cytokines expressions in NAFLD and NAFLD-HCC. Subsequently, we screened out AKR1B10 and SPP1 sensitive molecules TGX-221, which may provide a possible therapy for NAFLD and NAFLD-HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanhong Zeng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, ZhuJiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, ZhuJiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, ZhuJiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Zeng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, ZhuJiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, ZhuJiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Weng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, ZhuJiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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10
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Ishii N, Homma T, Guo X, Yamada KI, Yamada S, Fujii J. Ascorbic acid prevents N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced hepatic injury and hepatocarcinogenesis in Akr1a-knockout mice. Toxicol Lett 2020; 333:192-201. [PMID: 32805337 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
To gain insights into the benefits of ascorbic acid (AsA) in hepatoprotection, we examined the status of Akr1a-/- (KO) mice, which biosynthesize AsA at about 10% the rate as Akr1a+/+ (WT) mice, in terms of their response to an N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA)-induced hepatic injury. The intraperitoneal injection of NDEA (35 mg/kg) started at 4 weeks of age and was performed at weekly intervals thereafter. While the fatality rate was substantial in the KO mice, AsA supplementation (1.5 mg/ml in the drinking water) greatly extended their life-spans. Only two out of 54 KO mice survived to 28 weeks, and both contained approximately an order of magnitude greater number of tumor nodules compared to WT mice or KO mice with AsA supplementation. Histological and biochemical examinations at 20 weeks indicated that AsA potently protected against the hepatotoxic action of NDEA. Interestingly, the AsA levels in the liver were higher in the AsA-supplemented KO mouse groups that had received the NDEA treatment compared to the corresponding control group. While the protein levels of Cyp2e1, an enzyme that plays a major role in the bioactivation of NDEA, had declined to a similar extent among the experimental groups, p-nitrophenol-oxidizing activity was sustained at high levels in the KO mouse livers but AsA supplementation suppressed this activity. These findings confirm that AsA is a potent micronutrient that copes with hepatic injury and cancer development caused by exposure to NDEA in the livers of Akr1a-knockout mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Ishii
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
| | - Takujiro Homma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
| | - Xin Guo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Yamada
- Physical Chemistry for Life Science Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sohsuke Yamada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Junichi Fujii
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan.
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Yao Y, Wang X, Zhou D, Li H, Qian H, Zhang J, Jiang L, Wang B, Lin Q, Zhu X. Loss of AKR1B10 promotes colorectal cancer cells proliferation and migration via regulating FGF1-dependent pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:13059-13075. [PMID: 32615540 PMCID: PMC7377871 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignancy worldwide with poor prognosis and survival rates. The aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10 (AKR1B10) plays an important role in metabolism, cell proliferation and mobility, and is downregulated in CRC. We hypothesized that AKR1B10 would promote CRC genesis via a noncanonical oncogenic pathway and is a novel therapeutic target. In this study, AKR1B10 expression levels in 135 pairs of CRC and para-tumor tissues were examined, and its oncogenic role was determined using in vitro and in vivo functional assays following genetic manipulation of CRC cells. AKR1B10 was downregulated in CRC tissues compared to the adjacent normal colorectal tissues, and associated with the clinicopathological status of the patients. AKR1B10 depletion promoted the proliferation and migration of CRC cells in vitro, while its ectopic expression had the opposite effect. AKR1B10 was also significantly correlated with FGF1 gene and protein levels. Knockdown of AKR1B10 promoted tumor growth in vivo, and increased the expression of FGF1. Finally, AKR1B10 inhibited FGF1, and suppressed the proliferation and migration ability of CRC cells in an FGF1-dependent manner. In conclusion, AKR1B10 acts as a tumor suppressor in CRC by inactivating FGF1, and is a novel target for combination therapy of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhou Yao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuchao Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Diyuan Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huan Qian
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiawen Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linhua Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qi Lin
- Suzhou Emergency Center, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinguo Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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12
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Takahashi M, Homma T, Yamada KI, Miyata S, Nakajima O, Fujii J. Genetic ablation of aldehyde reductase (Akr1a) augments exercise endurance in mice via activation of the PGC-1α-involved pathway. Life Sci 2020; 249:117501. [PMID: 32142766 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Aldehyde reductase (AKR1A) is involved in the synthesis of ascorbic acid (AsA) as well as the detoxification of aldehydes. AKR1A-/- (KO) mice produce about 10% of the normal amounts of AsA compared to AKR1A+/+ (WT) mice. We investigated physiologic roles of AKR1A in running using the KO mice. MAIN METHODS The KO mice were subjected to a treadmill test under either restricted AsA production or a sufficiency by supplementation and compared the results with those of WT mice. Contents of glucose, aspartate aminotransferase, AsA and free fatty acids in blood were measured. Glycogen contents were measured in the liver and skeletal muscle, and hepatic proteins were examined by immunoblot analyses. KEY FINDINGS Running performance was higher in the KO mice than the WT mice irrespective of the AsA status. After the exercise period, blood glucose levels were decreased in the WT mice but were preserved in the KO mice. Liver glycogen levels were also consistently preserved in the KO mice after exercise. Free fatty acid levels tended to be originally high in blood plasma compared to those of the WT mice and were increased to similar extent in them. A key regulator of energy metabolism, PGC-1α, and the products of downstream target genes that encode for glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphatase, were constitutively at high levels in the KO mice. SIGNIFICANCE The genetic ablation of AKR1A activates the PGC-1α pathway and spare glucose, which would consequently confer exercise endurance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miku Takahashi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Takujiro Homma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Yamada
- Physical Chemistry for Life Science Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Miyata
- Miyata Diabetes and Metabolism Clinic, 5-17-21 Fukushima, Osaka, Osaka 553-0003, Japan
| | - Osamu Nakajima
- Research Laboratory for Molecular Genetics, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iidanishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Junichi Fujii
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan.
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13
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Spickett CM. Formation of Oxidatively Modified Lipids as the Basis for a Cellular Epilipidome. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:602771. [PMID: 33408694 PMCID: PMC7779974 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.602771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
While often regarded as a subset of metabolomics, lipidomics can better be considered as a field in its own right. While the total number of lipid species in biology may not exceed the number of metabolites, they can be modified chemically and biochemically leading to an enormous diversity of derivatives, many of which retain the lipophilic properties of lipids and thus expand the lipidome greatly. Oxidative modification by radical oxygen species, either enzymatically or chemically, is one of the major mechanisms involved, although attack by non-radical oxidants also occurs. The modified lipids typically contain more oxygens in the form of hydroxyl, epoxide, carbonyl and carboxylic acid groups, and nitration, nitrosylation, halogenation or sulfation can also occur. This article provides a succinct overview of the types of species formed, the reactive compounds involved and the specific molecular sites that they react with, and the biochemical or chemical mechanisms involved. In many cases, these modifications reduce the stability of the lipid, and breakdown products are formed, which themselves have interesting properties such as the ability to react with other biomolecules. Publications on the biological effects of modified lipids are growing rapidly, supporting the concept that some of these biomolecules have potential signaling and regulatory effects. The question therefore arises whether modified lipids represent an "epilipidome", analogous to the epigenetic modifications that can control gene expression.
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14
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Hajeyah AA, Griffiths WJ, Wang Y, Finch AJ, O’Donnell VB. The Biosynthesis of Enzymatically Oxidized Lipids. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:591819. [PMID: 33329396 PMCID: PMC7711093 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.591819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymatically oxidized lipids are a specific group of biomolecules that function as key signaling mediators and hormones, regulating various cellular and physiological processes from metabolism and cell death to inflammation and the immune response. They are broadly categorized as either polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) containing (free acid oxygenated PUFA "oxylipins", endocannabinoids, oxidized phospholipids) or cholesterol derivatives (oxysterols, steroid hormones, and bile acids). Their biosynthesis is accomplished by families of enzymes that include lipoxygenases (LOX), cyclooxygenases (COX), cytochrome P450s (CYP), and aldo-keto reductases (AKR). In contrast, non-enzymatically oxidized lipids are produced by uncontrolled oxidation and are broadly considered to be harmful. Here, we provide an overview of the biochemistry and enzymology of LOXs, COXs, CYPs, and AKRs in humans. Next, we present biosynthetic pathways for oxylipins, oxidized phospholipids, oxysterols, bile acids and steroid hormones. Last, we address gaps in knowledge and suggest directions for future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A. Hajeyah
- Systems Immunity Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Ali A. Hajeyah,
| | - William J. Griffiths
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Yuqin Wang
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J. Finch
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Valerie B. O’Donnell
- Systems Immunity Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
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15
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Kurihara K, Homma T, Kobayashi S, Shichiri M, Fujiwara H, Fujii S, Yamada KI, Nakane M, Kawamae K, Fujii J. Ascorbic acid insufficiency impairs spatial memory formation in juvenile AKR1A-knockout mice. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2019; 65:209-216. [PMID: 31777422 PMCID: PMC6877411 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.19-41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
AKR1A, an aldo-keto reductase, is involved in the synthesis of ascorbic acid as well as the reduction of a variety of aldehyde compounds. AKR1A−/− mice produce considerably less ascorbic acid (about 10%) compared to AKR1A+/+ mice and require ascorbic acid supplementation in order to breed. To elucidate the roles played by AKR1A in spatial memory, AKR1A−/− male mice were weaned at 4 weeks of age and groups that received ascorbic acid supplementation and no supplementation were subjected to a Morris water maze test. Juvenile AKR1A−/− mice that received no supplementation showed impaired spatial memory formation, even though about 70% of the ascorbic acid remained in the brains of the AKR1A−/− mice at day 7 after weaning. To the contrary, the young adult AKR1A−/− mice at 13–15 weeks of age maintained only 15% of ascorbic acid but showed no significant difference in the spatial memory compared with the AKR1A+/+ mice or ascorbic acid-supplemented AKR1A−/− mice. It is conceivable that juvenile mice require more ascorbic acid for the appropriate level of formation of spatial memory and that maturation of the neural system renders the memory forming process less sensitive to an ascorbic acid insufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Kurihara
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iidanishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan.,Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iidanishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Takujiro Homma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iidanishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Sho Kobayashi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iidanishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Mototada Shichiri
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-8-31 Midorigaoka, Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577, Japan
| | - Hiroki Fujiwara
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iidanishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fujii
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iidanishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Yamada
- Physical Chemistry for Life Science Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.,AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, 1-7-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Nakane
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iidanishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Kaneyuki Kawamae
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iidanishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Junichi Fujii
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iidanishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
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16
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Martín-Sierra C, Laranjeira P, Domingues MR, Paiva A. Lipoxidation and cancer immunity. Redox Biol 2019; 23:101103. [PMID: 30658904 PMCID: PMC6859558 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipoxidation is a well-known reaction between electrophilic carbonyl species, formed during oxidation of lipids, and specific proteins that, in most cases, causes an alteration in proteins function. This can occur under physiological conditions but, in many cases, it has been associated to pathological process, including cancer. Lipoxidation may have an effect in cancer development through their effects in tumour cells, as well as through the alteration of immune components and the consequent modulation of the immune response. The formation of protein adducts affects different proteins in cancer, triggering different mechanism, such as proliferation, cell differentiation and apoptosis, among others, altering cancer progression. The divergent results obtained documented that the formation of lipoxidation adducts can have either anti-carcinogenic or pro-carcinogenic effects, depending on the cell type affected and the specific adduct formed. Moreover, lipoxidation adducts may alter the immune response, consequently causing either positive or negative alterations in cancer progression. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the effects of lipoxidation adducts in cancer cells and immune components and their consequences in the evolution of different types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Martín-Sierra
- Unidade de Gestão Operacional em Citometria, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Portugal; Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - P Laranjeira
- Unidade de Gestão Operacional em Citometria, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Portugal; Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - M R Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, Department of Chemistry & QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Chemistry & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - A Paiva
- Unidade de Gestão Operacional em Citometria, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Portugal; Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, ESTESC-Coimbra Health School, Ciências Biomédicas Laboratoriais, Portugal.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aldose reductase (ALR2) is both the key enzyme of the polyol pathway, whose activation under hyperglycemic conditions leads to the development of chronic diabetic complications, and the crucial promoter of inflammatory and cytotoxic conditions, even under a normoglycemic status. Accordingly, it represents an excellent drug target and a huge effort is being done to disclose novel compounds able to inhibit it. AREAS COVERED This literature survey summarizes patents and patent applications published over the last 5 years and filed for natural, semi-synthetic and synthetic ALR2 inhibitors. Compounds described have been discussed and analyzed from both chemical and functional angles. EXPERT OPINION Several ALR2 inhibitors with a promising pre-clinical ability to address diabetic complications and inflammatory diseases are being developed during the observed timeframe. Natural compounds and plant extracts are the prevalent ones, thus confirming the use of phytopharmaceuticals as an increasingly pursued therapeutic trend also in the ALR2 inhibitors field. Intriguing hints may be taken from synthetic derivatives, the most significant ones being represented by the differential inhibitors ARDIs. Differently from classical ARIs, these compounds should fire up the therapeutic efficacy of the class while minimizing its side effects, thus overcoming the existing limits of this kind of inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Quattrini
- a Dipartimento di Farmacia , Università di Pisa , Pisa , Italy
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18
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Inhibitory Effects of Berberine Hydrochloride on Trichophyton mentagrophytes and the Underlying Mechanisms. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24040742. [PMID: 30791402 PMCID: PMC6412246 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24040742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND T. mentagrophytes can infect all mammals, including rabbits, causing serious infections with remarkable economic losses for rabbit farmers. Berberine is an alkaloid that is effective against a variety of microbial infections such as T. mentagrophytes. Growth curve by dry weight determination and in-vivo antifungal assay were carried out to clarify the inhibitory effect of berberine hydrochloride against T. mentagrophytes. Transcriptomics analyses were also carried out for better understanding of the underlying mechanisms. RESULTS The growth rate of T. mentagrophytes was significantly higher in control condition than under berberine hydrochloride or clotrimazole for 60 h. The growth rate of T. mentagrophytes was significantly slighter higher in berberine condition (1 mg) than under clotrimazole for 46 h. T. mentagrophytes seriously shrunk after berberine or clotrimazole treatment, as observed by TEM and in SEM. Significant recovery was evident in three berberine groups on day 6 compared with the DMSO group. Results from transcriptomics analyses showed 18,881 identified unigenes, including 18,754 and 12,127 in the NT and SwissProt databases. Among these, 12,011, 9174, and 11,679 unigenes belonged to 3 Gene Ontology (GO), 43 KEGG, and 25 KOG categories, respectively. Interestingly, we found that down-regulation of 14α-demethylase exposed to various medicines was slightly different, i.e., berberine hydrochloride (fold change -3.4956) and clotrimazole (fold change -2.1283) caused various degrees of alteration. CONCLUSIONS Berberine hydrochloride could inhibit the growth of T. mentagrophytes. Berberine hydrochloride could also cure dermatosis induced by T. mentagrophytes. Down-regulation of 14α-demethylase exposed to various medicines was slightly different and might be one of the anti-resistance mechanisms of berberine hydrochloride in T. mentagrophytes. The present investigation provides considerable transcript sequence data that would help further assess the antifungal mechanisms against T. mentagrophytes, for antifungal medicine development.
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Han C, Gao L, Zhao L, Sheng Q, Zhang C, An Z, Xia T, Ding Y, Wang J, Bai H, Dou X. Immunohistochemistry Detects Increased Expression of Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1 Member B10 (AKR1B10) in Early-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:7414-7423. [PMID: 30328412 PMCID: PMC6201704 DOI: 10.12659/msm.910738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains difficult to diagnose at an early stage. Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10 (AKR1B10) is an oxidoreductase that is upregulated in some chronic liver diseases. The aim of this study was to use immunohistochemistry to evaluate the expression of AKR1B10 in liver tissue from patients with HCC of different stages. Material/Methods Forty-four patients with a tissue diagnosis of HCC (35 males and 9 females) with 37 control samples of liver tissue containing liver cirrhosis were studied using immunohistochemistry for the expression of AKR1B10. Histological examination determined the grade of HCC; the stage of HCC was determined according to the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging system. Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels were measured and compared between the patients with HCC. Results Immunohistochemistry showed increased expression of AKR1B10 in moderately-differentiated HCC compared with well-differentiated HCC, poorly-differentiated HCC, and liver cirrhosis (P<0.05). Sensitivity and specificity of AKR1B10 expression in HCC were high at a cutoff integral optical density (IOD) value of 89.5. A significant increase in AKR1B10 expression was found in early-stage HCC (P<0.05). Serum AFP levels were increased in patients with poorly-differentiated HCC, were increased in intermediate-stage HCC, and were significantly increased in advanced-stage HCC (P<0.05). Conclusions Immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of AKR1B10 was increased in tumor tissue from patients with early-stage HCC. Further studies are needed to determine the role of AKR1B10 in the early detection of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Han
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Lanzhu Gao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland).,Department of Infectious Diseases, Tongliao Infectious Diseases Hospital, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China (mainland)
| | - Lianrong Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Qiuju Sheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Chong Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Ziying An
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Tingting Xia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Yang Ding
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Jingyan Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Han Bai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaoguang Dou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
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20
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Han C, Gao L, Bai H, Dou X. Identification of a role for serum aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10 in early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:7123-7130. [PMID: 30546447 PMCID: PMC6256343 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite improved screening programs, the vast majority of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are diagnosed at an advanced stage. A lack of effective diagnosis methods for preclinical HCC has resulted in a low rate of early detection. Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10 (AKR1B10) is associated with several cancer types. However, to the best of our knowledge, the diagnostic value of AKR1B10 in early stage HCC is poorly understood. In the current study, the diagnostic performance of serum AKR1B10 in hepatitis B virus/hepatitis C virus (HBV/HCV)-related liver disorders was evaluated and the unique role of AKR1B10 in diagnosing HCC was assessed. Serum AKR1B10 was detected by sandwich ELISA in 84 patients with HBV/HCV-related HCC, 74 patients with liver cirrhosis, 29 patients with chronic hepatitis and 30 healthy controls. Serum AKR1B10 and α-fetoprotein (AFP) levels were analyzed and compared. Elevated levels of serum AKR1B10 were identified in patients with HCC compared with patients with other liver disorders (P<0.05). Compared with advanced and terminal stage HCC, a significant increase in AKR1B10 levels was primarily detected in early and intermediate stage HCC. The sensitivity (81.0%) and specificity (60.9%) for HCC diagnosis with AKR1B10 were high at a cutoff value of 1.51 ng/ml. Conversely, a prominent increase in AFP was observed in advanced and terminal stage HCC. Furthermore, concurrent measurement of serum AKR1B10 and AFP significantly increased sensitivity and negative predictive value for HCC diagnosis. The results presented in the current study strongly indicate AKR1B10 has a unique role as a biomarker for early stage HBV/HCV-related HCC. Compared with AFP alone, a combination of serum AKR1B10 and AFP increased the diagnostic performance in patients with HCC. In summary, the current results identify a unique role of AKR1B10 in HCC diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Han
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110022, P.R. China
| | - Lanzhu Gao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110022, P.R. China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Tongliao Infectious Diseases Hospital, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 028000, P.R. China
| | - Han Bai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110022, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoguang Dou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110022, P.R. China
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21
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Huang C, Cao Z, Ma J, Shen Y, Bu Y, Khoshaba R, Shi G, Huang D, Liao DF, Ji H, Jin J, Cao D. AKR1B10 activates diacylglycerol (DAG) second messenger in breast cancer cells. Mol Carcinog 2018; 57:1300-1310. [PMID: 29846015 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Aldo-keto reductase 1B10 (AKR1B10) is upregulated in breast cancer and promotes tumor growth and metastasis. However, little is known of the molecular mechanisms of action. Herein we report that AKR1B10 activates lipid second messengers to stimulate cell proliferation. Our data showed that ectopic expression of AKR1B10 in breast cancer cells MCF-7 promoted lipogenesis and enhanced levels of lipid second messengers, including phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate (PIP2), diacylglycerol (DAG), and inositol triphosphate (IP3). In contrast, silencing of AKR1B10 in breast cancer cells BT-20 and colon cancer cells HCT-8 led to decrease of these lipid messengers. Qualitative analyses by liquid chromatography-mass spectrum (LC-MS) revealed that AKR1B10 regulated the cellular levels of total DAG and majority of subspecies. This in turn modulated the phosphorylation of protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms PKCδ (Thr505), PKCµ (Ser744/748), and PKCα/βII (Thr638/641) and activity of the PKC-mediated c-Raf/MEK/ERK signaling cascade. A pan inhibitor of PKC (Go6983) blocked ERK1/2 activation by AKR1B10. In these cells, phospho-p90RSK, phospho-MSK, and Cyclin D1 expression was increased by AKR1B10, and pharmacological inhibition of the ERK signaling cascade with MEK1/2 inhibitors U0126 and PD98059 eradicated induction of phospho-p90RSK, phospho-MSK, and Cyclin D1. In breast cancer cells, AKR1B10 promoted the clonogenic growth and proliferation of breast cancer cells in two-dimension (2D) and three-dimension (3D) cultures and tumor growth in immunodeficient female nude mice through activation of the PKC/ERK pathway. These data suggest that AKR1B10 stimulates breast cancer cell growth and proliferation through activation of DAG-mediated PKC/ERK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenfei Huang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois
| | - Zhe Cao
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois
| | - Yi Shen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois
| | - Yiwen Bu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois
| | - Ramina Khoshaba
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Guiyuan Shi
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Powder and Medicine Innovation in Hunan (incubation), Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dan Huang
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Powder and Medicine Innovation in Hunan (incubation), Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Duan-Fang Liao
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Powder and Medicine Innovation in Hunan (incubation), Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haitao Ji
- Drug Discovery Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, and Departments of Oncologic Sciences and Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Junfei Jin
- China-USA Lipids in Health and Disease Research Center, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Deliang Cao
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois.,Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Powder and Medicine Innovation in Hunan (incubation), Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
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22
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Horin I, Adiri T, Zafrani Y, Cohen Y. Bis-resorcin[4]arene Selectively Forms Hexameric Capsules in Apolar Solvents: Evidence from Diffusion NMR. Org Lett 2018; 20:3958-3961. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Inbar Horin
- School of Chemistry, The Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tal Adiri
- School of Chemistry, The Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yossi Zafrani
- School of Chemistry, The Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona 74000, Israel
| | - Yoram Cohen
- School of Chemistry, The Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
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23
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Choi S, Gyamfi AA, Neequaye P, Addo S, Gonzalez FJ, Gyamfi MA. Role of the pregnane X receptor in binge ethanol-induced steatosis and hepatotoxicity. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2018; 365:165-178. [PMID: 29431616 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.117.244665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The pregnane X receptor (PXR, NR1I2) is a xenobiotic-sensing nuclear receptor that defends against toxic agents. We have shown that PXR promotes chronic ethanol (EtOH)-induced steatosis. Therefore, we examined the role of PXR in binge EtOH-induced hepatotoxicity. Male wild type (WT) and Pxr-null mice were orally administered three binge doses of EtOH (4.5 g/kg, every 12 hours) and euthanized four hours after the final dose. Pxr-null mice displayed higher basal mRNA levels of hepatic lipogenic transcription factor sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c (Srebp-1c) and its target stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (Scd1) and the lipid peroxide detoxifying aldo-keto reductase 1b7 (Akr1b7) and higher protein levels of EtOH-metabolizing alcohol dehydrogenase 1 (ADH1). In both genotypes, binge EtOH-induced triglyceride accumulation was associated with inhibition of fatty acid β-oxidation and upregulation of Srebp-1c- regulated lipogenic genes and hepatic CYP2E1 protein. Unexpectedly, gene expression of Cyp2b10, a constitutive androstane receptor target gene, implicated in EtOH hepatotoxicity, was PXR-dependent upregulated by binge EtOH. Also, PXR-dependent was the binge EtOH-induced inhibition of hepatic Akr1b8 mRNA, and protein levels of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) 1A1 and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, but increased pro-apoptotic Bax protein expression, leading to increases in residual EtOH concentration and the cellular oxidative stress marker, malondialdehyde. In contrast, Pxr-null mice displayed increased Akr1b7 gene and ADH1 protein expression and hypertriglyceridemia following binge EtOH exposure. Taken together, this study demonstrates that PXR ablation prevents EtOH induced upregulation of Cyp2b10 and that PXR potentiates binge EtOH-induced oxidative stress and inhibition of EtOH catabolism, but protects against alcoholic hyperlipidemia.
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24
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Wang Z, Yuan S, Li Y, Zhang Z, Xiao W, Tang D, Ye K, Liu Z, Wang C, Zheng Y, Nie H, Chen H. Regulation on SIRT1-PGC-1α/Nrf2 pathway together with selective inhibition of aldose reductase makes compound hr5F a potential agent for the treatment of diabetic complications. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 150:54-63. [PMID: 29371030 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
(R,E)-N-(3-(2-acetamido-3-(benzyloxy) propanamido)propyl)-2-cyano-3-(4-hydroxy phenyl)acrylamide (hr5F) was design-synthesized based on bioactivity focus strategy as a potential agent to treat diabetic complicates. With in vitro enzyme assay, it is confirmed that hr5F is an effective ALR2 inhibitor with IC50 value of 2.60 ± 0.15 nM, and selectivity index of 86.0 over ALR1, which is a little bit better than the reference Epalrestat (Epa). hr5F inhibits the increase of ALR2 enzyme activity and expression in human lens epithelial cells (HLECs) induced by high glucose. By applying western blot, it was found that hr5F alleviates the high glucose-induced superoxide overproduction insults by regulating SIRT1-PGC-1α/Nrf2 pathway, together with regulating NRF-1, mtTFA, Bax/Bcl-2 to ameliorate cell apoptosis. The in vivo effects of hr5F on short term streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice confirm the same functions disclosed in vitro. All the evidences support that hr5F may serve as a promising agent in the treatment of diabetic complications with close efficacy and broader indication than the reference Epa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Sheng Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Yanbing Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Wei Xiao
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Dan Tang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Kaihe Ye
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Zhijun Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Congcong Wang
- College of Agriculture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, PR China
| | - Yixiong Zheng
- College of Agriculture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, PR China
| | - Hong Nie
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China.
| | - Heru Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China.
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25
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Giménez-Dejoz J, Weber S, Barski OA, Möller G, Adamski J, Parés X, Porté S, Farrés J. Characterization of AKR1B16, a novel mouse aldo-keto reductase. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 276:182-193. [PMID: 28322781 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aldo-keto reductases (AKRs) are distributed in three families and multiple subfamilies in mammals. The mouse Akr1b3 gene is clearly orthologous to human AKR1B1, both coding for aldose reductase, and their gene products show similar tissue distribution, regulation by osmotic stress and kinetic properties. In contrast, no unambiguous orthologs of human AKR1B10 and AKR1B15.1 have been identified in rodents. Although two more AKRs, AKR1B7 and AKR1B8, have been identified and characterized in mouse, none of them seems to exhibit properties similar to the human AKRs. Recently, a novel mouse AKR gene, Akr1b16, was annotated and the respective gene product, AKR1B16 (sharing 83% and 80% amino acid sequence identity with AKR1B10 and AKR1B15.1, respectively), was expressed as insoluble and inactive protein in a bacterial expression system. Here we describe the expression and purification of a soluble and enzymatically active AKR1B16 from E. coli using three chaperone systems. A structural model of AKR1B16 allowed the estimation of its active-site pocket volume, which was much wider (402 Å3) than those of AKR1B10 (279 Å3) and AKR1B15.1 (60 Å3). AKR1B16 reduced aliphatic and aromatic carbonyl compounds, using NADPH as a cofactor, with moderate or low activity (highest kcat values around 5 min-1). The best substrate for the enzyme was pyridine-3-aldehyde. AKR1B16 showed poor inhibition with classical AKR inhibitors, tolrestat being the most potent. Kinetics and inhibition properties resemble those of rat AKR1B17 but differ from those of the human enzymes. In addition, AKR1B16 catalyzed the oxidation of 17β-hydroxysteroids in a NADP+-dependent manner. These results, together with a phylogenetic analysis, suggest that mouse AKR1B16 is an ortholog of rat AKR1B17, but not of human AKR1B10 or AKR1B15.1. These human enzymes have no counterpart in the murine species, which is evidenced by forming a separate cluster in the phylogenetic tree and by their unique activity with retinaldehyde.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Giménez-Dejoz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Susanne Weber
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Genome Analysis Center, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Oleg A Barski
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, USA
| | - Gabriele Möller
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Genome Analysis Center, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jerzy Adamski
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Genome Analysis Center, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Xavier Parés
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Sergio Porté
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Jaume Farrés
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain.
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26
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Huang L, He R, Luo W, Zhu YS, Li J, Tan T, Zhang X, Hu Z, Luo D. Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1 Member B10 Inhibitors: Potential Drugs for Cancer Treatment. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2017; 11:184-96. [PMID: 26844556 PMCID: PMC5403964 DOI: 10.2174/1574892811888160304113346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cytosolic NADPH-dependent reductase AKR1B10 is a member of the aldo-keto reductase (AKR) superfamily. This enzyme is normally expressed in the gastrointestinal tract. However, it is overexpressed in many solid tumors, such as hepatocarcinoma, lung cancer and breast cancer. AKR1B10 may play a role in the formation and development of carcinomas through multiple mechanisms including detoxification of cytotoxic carbonyls, modulation of retinoic acid level, and regulation of cellular fatty acid synthesis and lipid metabolism. Studies have suggested that AKR1B10 may be a useful biomarker for cancer diagnosis and a potential target for cancer treatment. Over the last decade, a number of AKR1B10 inhibitors including aldose reductase inhibitors (ARIs), endogenous substances, natural-based derivatives and synthetic compounds have been developed, which could be novel anticancer drugs. This review provides an overview on related articles and patents about AKR1B10 inhibitors, with a focus on their inhibition selectivity and mechanism of function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zheng Hu
- Translational Medicine Institute, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for High-through Molecular Diagnosis Technology, Collaborative Research Center for Postdoctoral Mobile Stations of Central South University, Affiliated the First Peoples Hospital of Chenzhou of University of South China, Chenzhou 432000, P.R.China.
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27
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Wang L, Liu S, Xing J, Liu Z, Song F. Characterization of interaction property of multi-components in Gardenia jasminoides with aldose reductase by microdialysis combined with liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2016; 30 Suppl 1:87-94. [PMID: 27539421 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE An application of microdialysis sampling for evaluation of the interaction property of small molecules to macromolecules is presented. Microdialysis combined with liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (LC/QTOF-MS/MS) was established for the purpose of screening of the multiple bioactive compounds in traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). METHODS Microdialysis experiments were performed in vitro using a syringe pump and probes. Separation was achieved via liquid chromatography, and MS analysis was conducted by electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry in negative mode. The interaction property of compounds in TCMs with aldose reductase can be deduced from the comparison of the peak areas in chromatograms using a stable internal standard. RESULTS In this work, 23 compounds including iridoids, flavonoids, monoterpenoids, carotenoids and phenolic acids were identified by comparison with reference compounds, characteristic high-resolution mass spectrometry and the MS/MS fragmentations simultaneously. Binding degrees of 23 compounds in Gardenia jasminoides Eliis (G. jasminoide) with aldose reductase ranged from 13.91% to 66.25%. Also, microdialysis recoveries of 23 compounds in G. jasminoides were determined. CONCLUSIONS The Interaction properties of 23 compounds in G. jasminoides with aldose reductase were investigated and they are potential bioactive ingredients. Microdialysis coupled to LC/QTOF-MS/MS can be used for screening of bioactive multicomponents from TCMs with appropriate targets. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun, Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Shu Liu
- National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun, Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Junpeng Xing
- National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun, Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun, Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Fengrui Song
- National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun, Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
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28
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Kurahashi T, Lee J, Nabeshima A, Homma T, Kang ES, Saito Y, Yamada S, Nakayama T, Yamada KI, Miyata S, Fujii J. Ascorbic acid prevents acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice by ameliorating glutathione recovery and autophagy. Arch Biochem Biophys 2016; 604:36-46. [PMID: 27288086 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Aldehyde reductase (AKR1A) plays a role in the biosynthesis of ascorbic acid (AsA), and AKR1A-deficient mice produce about 10-15% of the AsA that is produced by wild-type mice. We found that acetaminophen (AAP) hepatotoxicity was aggravated in AKR1A-deficient mice. The pre-administration of AsA in the drinking water markedly ameliorated the AAP hepatotoxicity in the AKR1A-deficient mice. Treatment of the mice with AAP decreased both glutathione and AsA levels in the liver in the early phase after AAP administration, and an AsA deficiency delayed the recovery of the glutathione content in the healing phase. While in cysteine supply systems; a neutral amino acid transporter ASCT1, a cystine transporter xCT, enzymes for the transsulfuration pathway, and autophagy markers, were all elevated in the liver as the result of the AAP treatment, the AsA deficiency suppressed their induction. Thus, AsA appeared to exert a protective effect against AAP hepatotoxicity by ameliorating the supply of cysteine that is available for glutathione synthesis as a whole. Because some drugs produce reactive oxygen species, resulting in the consumption of glutathione during the metabolic process, the intake of sufficient amounts of AsA would be beneficial for protecting against the hepatic damage caused by such drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Kurahashi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Jaeyong Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Atsunori Nabeshima
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan
| | - Takujiro Homma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Eun Sil Kang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Yuka Saito
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Sohsuke Yamada
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Nakayama
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Yamada
- Department of Bio-functional Science, Faculty of Pharmacological Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; JST, PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Satoshi Miyata
- Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Hospital, Japan Community Healthcare Organization, Osaka 553-0003, Japan
| | - Junichi Fujii
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan.
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29
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Guo Y, Luo W, Hu Z, Li J, Li X, Cao H, Li J, Wen B, Zhang J, Cheng H, Guo W, Tan T, Luo D. Low expression of Aldo-keto reductase 1B10 is a novel independent prognostic indicator for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cell Biosci 2016; 6:18. [PMID: 26949513 PMCID: PMC4779195 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-016-0082-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one of the most common human head and neck cancers with high incidence in Southern China, Southeast Asia and North Africa. Because of its nonspecific symptoms, the early diagnosis of NPC is very difficult. The 5-year survival rate is not ideal in spite of great innovations in radiation and chemotherapy treatments. Highly sensitive and specific prognostic biomarkers are eager for NPC clinical diagnosis. To find specific target molecules is very important for individualized treatment. Aldo–keto reductase B10 (AKR1B10) is closely related to tumorigenesis and tumor development, and however, its expression level in NPC tissues is not clear. Results AKR1B10 expression levels were validated in benign, para-cancerous nasopharyngeal and NPC tissues by immunohistochemical evaluation. AKR1B10 was positively expressed in 42 (82.4 %) of 51 benign specimens, and 235 (98.7 %) of 238 para-carcinoma specimens. This percentage was significantly higher than 44.5 % (133/299) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissue (p < 0.01). AKR1B10 mRNA quantitative levels detected by real-time quantitative RT-PCR in 90 NPC tissue samples (0.10 ± 0.21) were significantly lower than that in 15 benign tissue samples (1.03 ± 1.12) (p < 0.01). AKR1B10 expression levels in NPC were correlated negatively with T-classification, lymph node metastasis (p < 0.05). We established nasopharyngeal cancer monoclonal cells CNE-2/AKR1B10 with AKR1B10 stable expression and CNE-2/vector cells without AKR1B10 expression by using a modified lentivirus-mediated method, and found that AKR1B10 inhibited the proliferation of CNE-2/AKR1B10 cells by using MTT assay and flow cytometry, and cell migration by in vitro scratch test. Conclusion Taken together, our data suggest that low expression of AKR1B10 is an independent prognostic indicator in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and that AKR1B10 may be involved in regulating the proliferation and migration of nasopharyngeal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanwei Guo
- Translational Medicine Institute, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for High-through Molecular Diagnosis Technology, Collaborative Research Center for Post-doctoral Mobile Stations of Central South University, Affiliated The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, University of South China, 432000 Chenzhou, People's Republic of China.,Center for Clinical Pathology, Affiliated The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, University of South China, 432000 Chenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Weihao Luo
- Translational Medicine Institute, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for High-through Molecular Diagnosis Technology, Collaborative Research Center for Post-doctoral Mobile Stations of Central South University, Affiliated The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, University of South China, 432000 Chenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Hu
- Translational Medicine Institute, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for High-through Molecular Diagnosis Technology, Collaborative Research Center for Post-doctoral Mobile Stations of Central South University, Affiliated The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, University of South China, 432000 Chenzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital and Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University and Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 410078 Changsha, Hunan People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Li
- Translational Medicine Institute, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for High-through Molecular Diagnosis Technology, Collaborative Research Center for Post-doctoral Mobile Stations of Central South University, Affiliated The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, University of South China, 432000 Chenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- Center for Clinical Pathology, Affiliated The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, University of South China, 432000 Chenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiqiu Cao
- Center for Clinical Pathology, Affiliated The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, University of South China, 432000 Chenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Li
- E.N.T. Department, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, 432000 Chenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Wen
- Translational Medicine Institute, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for High-through Molecular Diagnosis Technology, Collaborative Research Center for Post-doctoral Mobile Stations of Central South University, Affiliated The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, University of South China, 432000 Chenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Translational Medicine Institute, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for High-through Molecular Diagnosis Technology, Collaborative Research Center for Post-doctoral Mobile Stations of Central South University, Affiliated The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, University of South China, 432000 Chenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Cheng
- E.N.T. Department, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, 432000 Chenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wangyuan Guo
- Translational Medicine Institute, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for High-through Molecular Diagnosis Technology, Collaborative Research Center for Post-doctoral Mobile Stations of Central South University, Affiliated The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, University of South China, 432000 Chenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tan Tan
- Translational Medicine Institute, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for High-through Molecular Diagnosis Technology, Collaborative Research Center for Post-doctoral Mobile Stations of Central South University, Affiliated The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, University of South China, 432000 Chenzhou, People's Republic of China.,Center for Clinical Pathology, Affiliated The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, University of South China, 432000 Chenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dixian Luo
- Translational Medicine Institute, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for High-through Molecular Diagnosis Technology, Collaborative Research Center for Post-doctoral Mobile Stations of Central South University, Affiliated The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, University of South China, 432000 Chenzhou, People's Republic of China.,Center for Clinical Pathology, Affiliated The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, University of South China, 432000 Chenzhou, People's Republic of China
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Aberomand M, Parvank M, Mohammadzadeh G, Ramezani Z. Inhibition of Aldose Reductase and Sorbitol Accumulation by Hydroalcoholic Extract of Propolis. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2016. [DOI: 10.17795/jjnpp-24594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Pastel E, Pointud JC, Martinez A, Lefrançois-Martinez AM. Aldo-Keto Reductases 1B in Adrenal Cortex Physiology. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2016; 7:97. [PMID: 27499746 PMCID: PMC4956669 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2016.00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Aldose reductase (AKR1B) proteins are monomeric enzymes, belonging to the aldo-keto reductase (AKR) superfamily. They perform oxidoreduction of carbonyl groups from a wide variety of substrates, such as aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes or ketones. Due to the involvement of human aldose reductases in pathologies, such as diabetic complications and cancer, AKR1B subgroup enzymatic properties have been extensively characterized. However, the issue of AKR1B function in non-pathologic conditions remains poorly resolved. Adrenal activities generated large amount of harmful aldehydes from lipid peroxidation and steroidogenesis, including 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and isocaproaldehyde (4-methylpentanal), which can both be reduced by AKR1B proteins. More recently, some AKR1B isoforms have been shown to be endowed with prostaglandin F synthase (PGFS) activity, suggesting that, in addition to possible scavenger function, they could instigate paracrine signals. Interestingly, the adrenal gland is one of the major sites for human and murine AKR1B expression, suggesting that their detoxifying/signaling activity could be specifically required for the correct handling of adrenal function. Moreover, chronic effects of ACTH result in a coordinated regulation of genes encoding the steroidogenic enzymes and some AKR1B isoforms. This review presents the molecular mechanisms accounting for the adrenal-specific expression of some AKR1B genes. Using data from recent mouse genetic models, we will try to connect their enzymatic properties and regulation with adrenal functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Pastel
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Group, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Jean-Christophe Pointud
- CNRS, UMR 6293/INSERM U1103, Génétique, Reproduction et Développement, Clermont Université, Aubière, France
| | - Antoine Martinez
- CNRS, UMR 6293/INSERM U1103, Génétique, Reproduction et Développement, Clermont Université, Aubière, France
| | - A. Marie Lefrançois-Martinez
- CNRS, UMR 6293/INSERM U1103, Génétique, Reproduction et Développement, Clermont Université, Aubière, France
- *Correspondence: A. Marie Lefrançois-Martinez,
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Kheirollah A, Aberumand M, Ramezani Z, Amraee F. Inhibition of Aldose Reductase and Red Blood Cell Sorbitol Accumulation by Extract of Capparis spinosa. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2015. [DOI: 10.17795/jjnpp-24331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Aldini G, Domingues MR, Spickett CM, Domingues P, Altomare A, Sánchez-Gómez FJ, Oeste CL, Pérez-Sala D. Protein lipoxidation: Detection strategies and challenges. Redox Biol 2015; 5:253-266. [PMID: 26072467 PMCID: PMC4477048 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2015.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymatic and non-enzymatic lipid metabolism can give rise to reactive species that may covalently modify cellular or plasma proteins through a process known as lipoxidation. Under basal conditions, protein lipoxidation can contribute to normal cell homeostasis and participate in signaling or adaptive mechanisms, as exemplified by lipoxidation of Ras proteins or of the cytoskeletal protein vimentin, both of which behave as sensors of electrophilic species. Nevertheless, increased lipoxidation under pathological conditions may lead to deleterious effects on protein structure or aggregation. This can result in impaired degradation and accumulation of abnormally folded proteins contributing to pathophysiology, as may occur in neurodegenerative diseases. Identification of the protein targets of lipoxidation and its functional consequences under pathophysiological situations can unveil the modification patterns associated with the various outcomes, as well as preventive strategies or potential therapeutic targets. Given the wide structural variability of lipid moieties involved in lipoxidation, highly sensitive and specific methods for its detection are required. Derivatization of reactive carbonyl species is instrumental in the detection of adducts retaining carbonyl groups. In addition, use of tagged derivatives of electrophilic lipids enables enrichment of lipoxidized proteins or peptides. Ultimate confirmation of lipoxidation requires high resolution mass spectrometry approaches to unequivocally identify the adduct and the targeted residue. Moreover, rigorous validation of the targets identified and assessment of the functional consequences of these modifications are essential. Here we present an update on methods to approach the complex field of lipoxidation along with validation strategies and functional assays illustrated with well-studied lipoxidation targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giancarlo Aldini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - M Rosário Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Corinne M Spickett
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston Triangle, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - Pedro Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Alessandra Altomare
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Francisco J Sánchez-Gómez
- Department of Chemical and Physical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Clara L Oeste
- Department of Chemical and Physical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Dolores Pérez-Sala
- Department of Chemical and Physical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, Madrid 28040, Spain.
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Singh M, Kapoor A, Bhatnagar A. Oxidative and reductive metabolism of lipid-peroxidation derived carbonyls. Chem Biol Interact 2015; 234:261-73. [PMID: 25559856 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Extensive research has shown that increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) results in tissue injury under a variety of pathological conditions and chronic degenerative diseases. While ROS are highly reactive and can incite significant injury, polyunsaturated lipids in membranes and lipoproteins are their main targets. ROS-triggered lipid-peroxidation reactions generate a range of reactive carbonyl species (RCS), and these RCS spread and amplify ROS-related injury. Several RCS generated in oxidizing lipids, such as 4-hydroxy trans-2-nonenal (HNE), 4-oxo-2-(E)-nonenal (ONE), acrolein, malondialdehyde (MDA) and phospholipid aldehydes have been shown to be produced under conditions of oxidative stress and contribute to tissue injury and dysfunction by depleting glutathione and other reductants leading to the modification of proteins, lipids, and DNA. To prevent tissue injury, these RCS are metabolized by several oxidoreductases, including members of the aldo-keto reductase (AKR) superfamily, aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs), and alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs). Metabolism via these enzymes results in RCS inactivation and detoxification, although under some conditions, it can also lead to the generation of signaling molecules that trigger adaptive responses. Metabolic transformation and detoxification of RCS by oxidoreductases prevent indiscriminate ROS toxicity, while at the same time, preserving ROS signaling. A better understanding of RCS metabolism by oxidoreductases could lead to the development of novel therapeutic interventions to decrease oxidative injury in several disease states and to enhance resistance to ROS-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahavir Singh
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Aniruddh Kapoor
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Aruni Bhatnagar
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
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Sawicka A, Hartl D, Goiser M, Pusch O, Stocsits RR, Tamir IM, Mechtler K, Seiser C. H3S28 phosphorylation is a hallmark of the transcriptional response to cellular stress. Genome Res 2014; 24:1808-20. [PMID: 25135956 PMCID: PMC4216922 DOI: 10.1101/gr.176255.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The selectivity of transcriptional responses to extracellular cues is reflected by the deposition of stimulus-specific chromatin marks. Although histone H3 phosphorylation is a target of numerous signaling pathways, its role in transcriptional regulation remains poorly understood. Here, for the first time, we report a genome-wide analysis of H3S28 phosphorylation in a mammalian system in the context of stress signaling. We found that this mark targets as many as 50% of all stress-induced genes, underlining its importance in signal-induced transcription. By combining ChIP-seq, RNA-seq, and mass spectrometry we identified the factors involved in the biological interpretation of this histone modification. We found that MSK1/2-mediated phosphorylation of H3S28 at stress-responsive promoters contributes to the dissociation of HDAC corepressor complexes and thereby to enhanced local histone acetylation and subsequent transcriptional activation of stress-induced genes. Our data reveal a novel function of the H3S28ph mark in the activation of mammalian genes in response to MAP kinase pathway activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sawicka
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dominik Hartl
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Malgorzata Goiser
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter, 1030 Vienna, Austria; Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Oliver Pusch
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Ido M Tamir
- Campus Science Support Facilities GmbH, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Karl Mechtler
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, 1030 Vienna, Austria; Protein Chemistry Facility, IMBA Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Seiser
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter, 1030 Vienna, Austria;
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Statil suppresses cancer cell growth and proliferation by the inhibition of tumor marker AKR1B10. Anticancer Drugs 2014; 25:930-7. [DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Reductive detoxification of acrolein as a potential role for aldehyde reductase (AKR1A) in mammals. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 452:136-41. [PMID: 25152401 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.08.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Aldehyde reductase (AKR1A), a member of the aldo-keto reductase superfamily, suppresses diabetic complications via a reduction in metabolic intermediates; it also plays a role in ascorbic acid biosynthesis in mice. Because primates cannot synthesize ascorbic acid, a principle role of AKR1A appears to be the reductive detoxification of aldehydes. In this study, we isolated and immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) from wild-type (WT) and human Akr1a-transgenic (Tg) mice and used them to investigate the potential roles of AKR1A under culture conditions. Tg MEFs showed higher methylglyoxal- and acrolein-reducing activities than WT MEFs and also were more resistant to cytotoxicity. Enzymatic analyses of purified rat AKR1A showed that the efficiency of the acrolein reduction was about 20% that of glyceraldehyde. Ascorbic acid levels were quite low in the MEFs, and while the administration of ascorbic acid to the cells increased the intracellular levels of ascorbic acid, it had no affect on the resistance to acrolein. Endoplasmic reticulum stress and protein carbonylation induced by acrolein treatment were less evident in Tg MEFs than in WT MEFs. These data collectively indicate that one of the principle roles of AKR1A in primates is the reductive detoxification of aldehydes, notably acrolein, and protection from its detrimental effects.
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Davies SS, Guo L. Lipid peroxidation generates biologically active phospholipids including oxidatively N-modified phospholipids. Chem Phys Lipids 2014; 181:1-33. [PMID: 24704586 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2014.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Revised: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Peroxidation of membranes and lipoproteins converts "inert" phospholipids into a plethora of oxidatively modified phospholipids (oxPL) that can act as signaling molecules. In this review, we will discuss four major classes of oxPL: mildly oxygenated phospholipids, phospholipids with oxidatively truncated acyl chains, phospholipids with cyclized acyl chains, and phospholipids that have been oxidatively N-modified on their headgroups by reactive lipid species. For each class of oxPL we will review the chemical mechanisms of their formation, the evidence for their formation in biological samples, the biological activities and signaling pathways associated with them, and the catabolic pathways for their elimination. We will end by briefly highlighting some of the critical questions that remain about the role of oxPL in physiology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean S Davies
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, United States.
| | - Lilu Guo
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, United States
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Bioflavonoid ellagic acid inhibits aldose reductase: Implications for prevention of diabetic complications. J Funct Foods 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2013.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Yao HB, Xu Y, Chen LG, Guan TP, Ma YY, He XJ, Xia YJ, Tao HQ, Shao QS. AKR1B10, a good prognostic indicator in gastric cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol 2013; 40:318-24. [PMID: 24406159 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2013.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2013] [Revised: 12/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to investigate the correlation between AKR1B10 expression and clinicopathological features of gastric cancer (GC). METHODS Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to determine AKR1B10 mRNA expression. AKR1B10 protein levels were measured by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS RT-PCR analysis confirmed that AKR1B10 was significantly down-regulated in gastric cancer compared with paired, normal mucosa. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the percentage of AKR1B10-positive specimens was lower in gastric carcinoma compared with normal specimens. The frequency of AKR1B10-positive GC specimens was higher in patients with tumor size <5 cm, no lymph node metastasis, no distant metastasis and lower tumor stages The mean survival time for patients in the AKR1B10-positive group was significantly higher compared with the AKR1B1-negative group. The 5-year survival rate for the AKR1B10-positive group was also significantly higher than for the AKR1B1-negative group. Cox regression analysis revealed that AKR1B10 expression is an independent prognostic factor of GC. CONCLUSIONS Expression of AKR1B10 in gastric cancer was significantly associated with tumor size, lymph node metastasis, distance metastasis and TNM stage, and AKR1B10 may be a good prognostic indicator in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- H B Yao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Y Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - L G Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - T P Guan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Y Y Ma
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - X J He
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Y J Xia
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - H-Q Tao
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Q S Shao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
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Salabei JK, Hill BG. Implications of autophagy for vascular smooth muscle cell function and plasticity. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 65:693-703. [PMID: 23938401 PMCID: PMC3859773 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Revised: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are fundamental in regulating blood pressure and distributing oxygen and nutrients to peripheral tissues. They also possess remarkable plasticity, with the capacity to switch to synthetic, macrophage-like, or osteochondrogenic phenotypes when cued by external stimuli. In arterial diseases such as atherosclerosis and restenosis, this plasticity seems to be critical and, depending on the disease context, can be deleterious or beneficial. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms regulating VSMC phenotype and survival is essential for developing new therapies for vascular disease as well as understanding how secondary complications due to surgical interventions develop. In this regard, the cellular process of autophagy is increasingly being recognized as a major player in vascular biology and a critical determinant of VSMC phenotype and survival. Although autophagy was identified in lesional VSMCs in the 1960s, our understanding of the implications of autophagy in arterial diseases and the stimuli promoting its activation in VSMCs is only now being elucidated. In this review, we highlight the evidence for autophagy occurring in VSMCs in vivo, elaborate on the stimuli and processes regulating autophagy, and discuss the current understanding of the role of autophagy in vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua K Salabei
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Bradford G Hill
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
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Pratt-Hyatt M, Lickteig AJ, Klaassen CD. Tissue distribution, ontogeny, and chemical induction of aldo-keto reductases in mice. Drug Metab Dispos 2013; 41:1480-7. [PMID: 23660342 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.113.051904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aldo-keto reductases (Akrs) are a conserved group of NADPH-dependent oxido-reductase enzymes. This study provides a comprehensive examination of the tissue distribution of the 16 substrate-metabolizing Akrs in mice, their expression during development, and whether they are altered by chemicals that activate distinct transcriptional factor pathways. Akr1c6, 1c14, 1c20, and 1c22 are primarily present in liver; Akr1a4, 1c18, 1c21, and 7a5 in kidney; Akr1d1 in liver and kidney; Akr1b7 in small intestine; Akr1b3 and Akr1e1 in brain; Akr1b8 in testes; Akr1c14 in ovaries; and Akrs1c12, 1c13, and 1c19 are expressed in numerous tissues. Liver expression of Akr1d1 and Akr1c is lowest during prenatal and postnatal development. However, by 20 days of age, liver Akr1d1 increases 120-fold, and Akr1c mRNAs increase as much as 5-fold (Akr1c19) to 1000-fold (Akr1c6). Treatment of mice with chemical activators of transcription factors constitutive androgen receptor (CAR), pregnane X receptor (PXR), and the nuclear factor-erythroid-2 (Nrf2) transcription factor alters liver mRNAs of Akrs. Specifically, CAR activation by 1,4-bis[2-(3,5-dichloropyridyloxy)]benzene (TCPOBOP) increases mRNAs of Akr1b7, Akr1c6, Akr1c19, and Akr1d1, whereas PXR activation by 5-pregnenolone-16α-carbonitrile (PCN) increases the mRNA of Akr1b7 and suppresses mRNAs of Akr1c13 and Akr1c20. The Nrf2 activator 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9-dien-28-imidazolide (CDDO-Im) induces mRNAs of Akr1c6 and Akr1c19. Moreover, Nrf2-null and Nrf2 overexpressing mice demonstrate that this induction is Nrf2-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Pratt-Hyatt
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, 1000 Hixon, MS 1063, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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Tang J, Du Y, Petrash JM, Sheibani N, Kern TS. Deletion of aldose reductase from mice inhibits diabetes-induced retinal capillary degeneration and superoxide generation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62081. [PMID: 23614016 PMCID: PMC3628579 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Accepted: 03/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Pharmacologic inhibition of aldose reductase (AR) previously has been studied with respect to diabetic retinopathy with mixed results. Since drugs can have off-target effects, we studied the effects of AR deletion on the development and molecular abnormalities that contribute to diabetic retinopathy. Since recent data suggests an important role for leukocytes in the development of the retinopathy, we determined also if AR in leukocytes contributes to leukocyte-mediated death of retinal endothelial cells in diabetes. Methods Wild-type (WT; C57BL/6J) and AR deficient (AR−/−) mice were made diabetic with streptozotocin. Mice were sacrificed at 2 and 10 months of diabetes to evaluate retinal vascular histopathology, to quantify retinal superoxide production and biochemical and physiological abnormalities in the retina, and to assess the number of retinal endothelial cells killed by blood leukocytes in a co-culture system. Results Diabetes in WT mice developed the expected degeneration of retinal capillaries, and increased generation of superoxide by the retina. Leukocytes from diabetic WT mice also killed more retinal endothelial cells than did leukocytes from nondiabetic animals (p<0.0001). Deletion of AR largely (P<0.05) inhibited the diabetes-induced degeneration of retinal capillaries, as well as the increase in superoxide production by retina. AR-deficiency significantly inhibited the diabetes-induced increase in expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in retina, but had no significant effect on expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), phosphorylated p38 MAPK, or killing of retinal endothelial cells by leukocytes. Conclusions AR contributes to the degeneration of retinal capillaries in diabetic mice. Deletion of the enzyme inhibits the diabetes-induced increase in expression of iNOS and of superoxide production, but does not correct a variety of other pro-inflammatory abnormalities associated with the development of diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Tang
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Ophthalmology, Heilongjiang Province Hospital, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
| | - Yunpeng Du
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - J. Mark Petrash
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Nader Sheibani
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Timothy S. Kern
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Cleveland VAMC Research Service 151, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Lee S, Birukov KG, Romanoski CE, Springstead JR, Lusis AJ, Berliner JA. Role of phospholipid oxidation products in atherosclerosis. Circ Res 2012; 111:778-99. [PMID: 22935534 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.111.256859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing clinical evidence that phospholipid oxidation products (Ox-PL) play a role in atherosclerosis. This review focuses on the mechanisms by which Ox-PL interact with endothelial cells, monocyte/macrophages, platelets, smooth muscle cells, and HDL to promote atherogenesis. In the past few years major progress has been made in identifying these mechanisms. It has been recognized that Ox-PL promote phenotypic changes in these cell types that have long-term consequences for the vessel wall. Individual Ox-PL responsible for specific cellular effects have been identified. A model of the configuration of bioactive truncated Ox-PL within membranes has been developed that demonstrates that the oxidized fatty acid moiety protrudes into the aqueous phase, rendering it accessible for receptor recognition. Receptors and signaling pathways for individual Ox-PL species are now determined and receptor independent signaling pathways identified. The effects of Ox-PL are mediated both by gene regulation and transcription independent processes. It has now become apparent that Ox-PL affects multiple genes and pathways, some of which are proatherogenic and some are protective. However, at concentrations that are likely present in the vessel wall in atherosclerotic lesions, the effects promote atherogenesis. There have also been new insights on enzymes that metabolize Ox-PL and the significance of these enzymes for atherosclerosis. With the knowledge we now have of the regulation and effects of Ox-PL in different vascular cell types, it should be possible to design experiments to test the role of specific Ox-PL on the development of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangderk Lee
- Department of Pathology, University of California-Los Angeles, MRL 4760, 675 Charles E. Young Dr. S., Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Faucher F, Jia Z. High-resolution structure of AKR1a4 in the apo form and its interaction with ligands. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 2012; 68:1271-4. [PMID: 23143230 PMCID: PMC3515362 DOI: 10.1107/s1744309112037128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Aldo-keto reductase 1a4 (AKR1a4; EC 1.1.1.2) is the mouse orthologue of human aldehyde reductase (AKR1a1), the founding member of the AKR family. As an NADPH-dependent enzyme, AKR1a4 catalyses the conversion of D-glucuronate to L-gulonate. AKR1a4 is involved in ascorbate biosynthesis in mice, but has also recently been found to interact with SMAR1, providing a novel mechanism of ROS regulation by ATM. Here, the crystal structure of AKR1a4 in its apo form at 1.64 Å resolution as well as the characterization of the binding of AKR1a4 to NADPH and P44, a peptide derived from SMAR1, is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédérick Faucher
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Zongchao Jia
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
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Pastel E, Pointud JC, Volat F, Martinez A, Lefrançois-Martinez AM. Aldo-Keto Reductases 1B in Endocrinology and Metabolism. Front Pharmacol 2012; 3:148. [PMID: 22876234 PMCID: PMC3410611 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2012.00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The aldose reductase (AR; human AKR1B1/mouse Akr1b3) has been the focus of many research because of its role in diabetic complications. The starting point of these alterations is the massive entry of glucose in polyol pathway where it is converted into sorbitol by this enzyme. However, the issue of AR function in non-diabetic condition remains unresolved. AR-like enzymes (AKR1B10, Akr1b7, and Akr1b8) are highly related isoforms often co-expressed with bona fide AR, making functional analysis of one or the other isoform a challenging task. AKR1B/Akr1b members share at least 65% protein identity and the general ability to reduce many redundant substrates such as aldehydes provided from lipid peroxidation, steroids and their by-products, and xenobiotics in vitro. Based on these properties, AKR1B/Akr1b are generally considered as detoxifying enzymes. Considering that divergences should be more informative than similarities to help understanding their physiological functions, we chose to review specific hallmarks of each human/mouse isoforms by focusing on tissue distribution and specific mechanisms of gene regulation. Indeed, although the AR shows ubiquitous expression, AR-like proteins exhibit tissue-specific patterns of expression. We focused on three organs where certain isoforms are enriched, the adrenal gland, enterohepatic, and adipose tissues and tried to connect recent enzymatic and regulation data with endocrine and metabolic functions of these organs. We presented recent mouse models showing unsuspected physiological functions in the regulation of glucido-lipidic metabolism and adipose tissue homeostasis. Beyond the widely accepted idea that AKR1B/Akr1b are detoxification enzymes, these recent reports provide growing evidences that they are able to modify or generate signal molecules. This conceptually shifts this class of enzymes from unenviable status of scavenger to upper class of messengers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Pastel
- CNRS, UMR6293/INSERM U1103, Génétique, Reproduction et Développement, Clermont Université Aubière, France
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Ma J, Luo DX, Huang C, Shen Y, Bu Y, Markwell S, Gao J, Liu J, Zu X, Cao Z, Gao Z, Lu F, Liao DF, Cao D. AKR1B10 overexpression in breast cancer: association with tumor size, lymph node metastasis and patient survival and its potential as a novel serum marker. Int J Cancer 2012; 131:E862-71. [PMID: 22539036 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.27618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2011] [Accepted: 03/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Aldo-keto reductase 1B10 (AKR1B10) is a secretory protein that is upregulated with tumorigenic transformation of human mammary epithelial cells. This study demonstrated that AKR1B10 was overexpressed in 20 (71.4%) of 28 ductal carcinomas in situ, 184 (83.6%) of 220 infiltrating carcinomas and 28 (87.5%) of 32 recurrent tumors. AKR1B10 expression in breast cancer was correlated positively with tumor size (p = 0.0012) and lymph node metastasis (p = 0.0123) but inversely with disease-related survival (p = 0.0120). Univariate (p = 0.0077) and multivariate (p = 0.0192) analyses both suggested that AKR1B10, alone or together with tumor size and node status, is a significant prognostic factor for breast cancer. Silencing of AKR1B10 in BT-20 human breast cancer cells inhibited cell growth in culture and tumorigenesis in female nude mice. Importantly, AKR1B10 in the serum of breast cancer patients was significantly increased to 15.18 ± 9.08 ng/ml [n = 50; 95% confidence interval (CI), 12.60-17.76], with a high level up to 58.4 ng/ml, compared to 3.34 ± 2.27 ng/ml in healthy donors (n = 60; 95% CI, 2.78-3.90). In these patients, AKR1B10 levels in serum were correlated with its expression in tumors (r = 0.8066; p < 0.0001). Together our data suggests that AKR1B10 is overexpressed in breast cancer and may be a novel prognostic factor and serum marker for this deadly disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ma
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62794, USA
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Epidermal growth factor induces tumour marker AKR1B10 expression through activator protein-1 signalling in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Biochem J 2012; 442:273-82. [PMID: 22329800 DOI: 10.1042/bj20111322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
AKR1B10 (aldo-keto reductase 1B10) is overexpressed in liver and lung cancer, and plays a critical role in tumour development and progression through promoting lipogenesis and eliminating cytotoxic carbonyls. AKR1B10 is a secretory protein and potential tumour marker; however, little is known about the regulatory mechanism of AKR1B10 expression. The present study showed that AKR1B10 is induced by mitogen EGF (epidermal growth factor) and insulin through the AP-1 (activator protein-1) signalling pathway. In human HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma) cells (HepG2 and Hep3B), EGF (50 ng/ml) and insulin (10 nM) stimulated endogenous AKR1B10 expression and promoter activity. In the AKR1B10 promoter, a putative AP-1 element was found at bp -222 to -212. Deletion or mutation of this AP-1 element abrogated the basal promoter activity and response to EGF and AP-1 proteins. This AP-1 element bound to nuclear proteins extracted from HepG2 cells, and this binding was stimulated by EGF and insulin in a dose-dependent manner. Chromatin immunoprecipitation showed that the AP-1 proteins c-Fos and c-Jun were the predominant factors bound to the AP-1 consensus sequence, followed by JunD and then JunB. The same order was followed in the stimulation of endogenous AKR1B10 expression by AP-1 proteins. Furthermore, c-Fos shRNA (short hairpin RNA) and AP-1 inhibitors/antagonists (U0126 and Tanshinone IIA) inhibited endogenous AKR1B10 expression and promoter activity in HepG2 cells cultured in vitro or inoculated subcutaneously in nude mice. U0126 also inhibited AKR1B10 expression induced by EGF. Taken together, these results suggest that AKR1B10 is up-regulated by EGF and insulin through AP-1 mitogenic signalling and may be implicated in hepatocarcinogenesis.
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Matsunaga T, Wada Y, Endo S, Soda M, El-Kabbani O, Hara A. Aldo-Keto Reductase 1B10 and Its Role in Proliferation Capacity of Drug-Resistant Cancers. Front Pharmacol 2012; 3:5. [PMID: 22319498 PMCID: PMC3269042 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2012.00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2011] [Accepted: 01/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The human aldo–keto reductase AKR1B10, originally identified as an aldose reductase-like protein and human small intestine aldose reductase, is a cytosolic NADPH-dependent reductase that metabolizes a variety of endogenous compounds, such as aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes and dicarbonyl compounds, and some drug ketones. The enzyme is highly expressed in solid tumors of several tissues including lung and liver, and as such has received considerable interest as a relevant biomarker for the development of those tumors. In addition, AKR1B10 has been recently reported to be significantly up-regulated in some cancer cell lines (medulloblastoma D341 and colon cancer HT29) acquiring resistance toward chemotherapeutic agents (cyclophosphamide and mitomycin c), suggesting the validity of the enzyme as a chemoresistance marker. Although the detailed information on the AKR1B10-mediated mechanisms leading to the drug resistance process is not well understood so far, the enzyme has been proposed to be involved in functional regulations of cell proliferation and metabolism of drugs and endogenous lipids during the development of chemoresistance. This article reviews the current literature focusing mainly on expression profile and roles of AKR1B10 in the drug resistance of cancer cells. Recent developments of AKR1B10 inhibitors and their usefulness in restoring sensitivity to anticancer drugs are also reviewed.
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Usatyuk PV, Natarajan V. Hydroxyalkenals and oxidized phospholipids modulation of endothelial cytoskeleton, focal adhesion and adherens junction proteins in regulating endothelial barrier function. Microvasc Res 2012; 83:45-55. [PMID: 21570987 PMCID: PMC3196796 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2011.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2011] [Revised: 04/27/2011] [Accepted: 04/28/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Lipid peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids generates bioactive aldehydes, which exhibit pro- and anti-inflammatory effects in cells and tissues. Accumulating evidence indicates that 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), a major aldehyde derived from lipid peroxidation of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids trigger signals that modulates focal adhesion and adherens junction proteins thereby inducing endothelial barrier dysfunction. Similarly, oxidized phospholipids (Ox-PLs) generated by lipid peroxidation of phospholipids with polyunsaturated fatty acids have been implicated in atherogenesis, inflammation and gene expression. Interestingly, physiological concentration of Ox-PLs is anti-inflammatory and protect against endotoxin- and ventilator-associated acute lung injury. Thus, excess generation of bioactive hydroxyalkenals and Ox-PLs during oxidative stress contributes to pathophysiology of various diseases by modulating signaling pathways that regulate pro- and anti-inflammatory responses and barrier regulation. This review summarizes the role of 4-HNE and Ox-PLs affecting cell signaling pathways and endothelial barrier dysfunction through modulation of the activities of proteins/enzymes by Michael adducts formation, enhancing the level of protein tyrosine phosphorylation of the target proteins, and by reorganization of cytoskeletal, focal adhesion, and adherens junction proteins. A better understanding of molecular mechanisms of hydroxyalkenals- and Ox-PLs-mediated pro-and anti-inflammatory responses and barrier function may lead to development of novel therapies to ameliorate oxidative stress related cardio-pulmonary disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter V. Usatyuk
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
- Institute for Personalized Respiratory Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Viswanathan Natarajan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
- Institute for Personalized Respiratory Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
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