1
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Bratkovic D, Gravance C, Ketteridge D, Krishnan R, Navuru D, Sheehan M, Skerrett D, Imperiale M. Open-label, single-center, clinical study evaluating the safety, tolerability and clinical effects of pentosan polysulfate sodium in subjects with mucopolysaccharidosis I. J Inherit Metab Dis 2024; 47:355-365. [PMID: 38467596 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Lysosomal enzyme deficiency in mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) I results in glycosaminoglycan (GAG) accumulation leading to pain and limited physical function. Disease-modifying treatments for MPS I, enzyme replacement, and hematopoietic stem cell therapy (HSCT), do not completely resolve MPS I symptoms, particularly skeletal manifestations. The GAG reduction, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and tissue remodeling properties of pentosan polysulfate sodium (PPS) may provide disease-modifying treatment for musculoskeletal symptoms and joint inflammation in MPS I following ERT and/or HSCT. The safety and efficacy of PPS were evaluated in four subjects with MPS I aged 14-19 years, previously treated with ERT and/or HSCT. Subjects received doses of 0.75 mg/kg or 1.5 mg/kg PPS via subcutaneous injections weekly for 12 weeks, then every 2 weeks for up to 72 weeks. PPS was well tolerated at both doses with no serious adverse events. MPS I GAG fragment (UA-HNAc [1S]) levels decreased at 73 weeks. Cartilage degradation biomarkers serum C-telopeptide of crosslinked collagen (CTX) type I (CTX-I) and type II (CTX-II) and urine CTX-II decreased in all subjects through 73 weeks. PROMIS scores for pain interference, pain behavior, and fatigue decreased in all subjects through 73 weeks. Physical function, measured by walking distance and dominant hand function, improved at 49 and 73 weeks. Decreased GAG fragments and cartilage degradation biomarkers, and positive PROMIS outcomes support continued study of PPS as a potential disease-modifying treatment for MPS I with improved pain and function outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drago Bratkovic
- Metabolic Unit, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Curtis Gravance
- Paradigm Biopharmaceuticals Ltd., North Adelaide, Victoria, Australia
| | - David Ketteridge
- Metabolic Unit, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ravi Krishnan
- Paradigm Biopharmaceuticals Ltd., North Adelaide, Victoria, Australia
| | - Divya Navuru
- Paradigm Biopharmaceuticals Ltd., North Adelaide, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Sheehan
- Paradigm Biopharmaceuticals Ltd., North Adelaide, Victoria, Australia
| | - Donna Skerrett
- Paradigm Biopharmaceuticals Ltd., North Adelaide, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Imperiale
- Paradigm Biopharmaceuticals Ltd., North Adelaide, Victoria, Australia
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2
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Minns AF, Qi Y, Yamamoto K, Lee K, Ahnström J, Santamaria S. The C-terminal domains of ADAMTS1 contain exosites involved in its proteoglycanase activity. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:103048. [PMID: 36813235 PMCID: PMC10033314 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.103048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A disintegrin-like and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type 1 motifs (ADAMTS1) is a protease involved in fertilization, cancer, cardiovascular development, and thoracic aneurysms. Proteoglycans such as versican and aggrecan have been identified as ADAMTS1 substrates, and Adamts1 ablation in mice typically results in versican accumulation; however, previous qualitative studies have suggested that ADAMTS1 proteoglycanase activity is weaker than that of other family members such as ADAMTS4 and ADAMTS5. Here, we investigated the functional determinants of ADAMTS1 proteoglycanase activity. We found that ADAMTS1 versicanase activity is approximately 1000-fold lower than ADAMTS5 and 50-fold lower than ADAMTS4 with a kinetic constant (kcat/Km) of 3.6 × 103 M-1 s-1 against full-length versican. Studies on domain-deletion variants identified the spacer and cysteine-rich domains as major determinants of ADAMTS1 versicanase activity. Additionally, we confirmed that these C-terminal domains are involved in the proteolysis of aggrecan as well as biglycan, a small leucine-rich proteoglycan. Glutamine scanning mutagenesis of exposed positively charged residues on the spacer domain loops and loop substitution with ADAMTS4 identified clusters of substrate-binding residues (exosites) in β3-β4 (R756Q/R759Q/R762Q), β9-β10 (residues 828-835), and β6-β7 (K795Q) loops. This study provides a mechanistic foundation for understanding the interactions between ADAMTS1 and its proteoglycan substrates and paves the way for development of selective exosite modulators of ADAMTS1 proteoglycanase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Frederick Minns
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Yawei Qi
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kazuhiro Yamamoto
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Karen Lee
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Josefin Ahnström
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Salvatore Santamaria
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom.
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3
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Li S, Yu H, Long S, Li J, He Y, Zheng X, Yang S, Tang Y, Xie Q, Zheng W. Research advances in the treatment of bone marrow edema syndrome. J Clin Densitom 2023; 26:101367. [PMID: 37005106 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocd.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow edema syndrome (BMES) is a relatively uncommon clinical condition. It has been poorly reported in the literature. Hence, doctors are not sufficiently aware of the disease and are prone to misdiagnosis and mistreatment, which can undoubtedly prolong the course of the disease, reduce the quality of life of patients and even affect their function. This paper reviews the literature and summarizes the treatment options for bone marrow edema syndrome, such as symptomatic treatment, extracorporeal shock waves therapy (ESWT), pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEFs), hyperbaric oxygen (HBO), vitamin D, iloprost, bisphosphonates, denosumab, and surgery, etc. This informs clinicians in treating bone marrow edema syndrome, hopefully improving patients' quality of life and shortening the duration of their disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihong Li
- People's Liberation Army General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Huimin Yu
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiwei Long
- People's Liberation Army General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Li
- People's Liberation Army General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang He
- Chengdu Xindu District Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaolong Zheng
- People's Liberation Army General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuang Yang
- People's Liberation Army General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Yingchao Tang
- People's Liberation Army General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingyun Xie
- People's Liberation Army General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China.
| | - Wei Zheng
- People's Liberation Army General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China.
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4
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Smith MM, Melrose J. Pentosan Polysulfate Affords Pleotropic Protection to Multiple Cells and Tissues. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:437. [PMID: 36986536 PMCID: PMC10132487 DOI: 10.3390/ph16030437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Pentosan polysulfate (PPS), a small semi-synthetic highly sulfated heparan sulfate (HS)-like molecule, shares many of the interactive properties of HS. The aim of this review was to outline the potential of PPS as an interventional therapeutic protective agent in physiological processes affecting pathological tissues. PPS is a multifunctional molecule with diverse therapeutic actions against many disease processes. PPS has been used for decades in the treatment of interstitial cystitis and painful bowel disease, it has tissue-protective properties as a protease inhibitor in cartilage, tendon and IVD, and it has been used as a cell-directive component in bioscaffolds in tissue engineering applications. PPS regulates complement activation, coagulation, fibrinolysis and thrombocytopenia, and it promotes the synthesis of hyaluronan. Nerve growth factor production in osteocytes is inhibited by PPS, reducing bone pain in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis (OA/RA). PPS also removes fatty compounds from lipid-engorged subchondral blood vessels in OA/RA cartilage, reducing joint pain. PPS regulates cytokine and inflammatory mediator production and is also an anti-tumor agent that promotes the proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and the development of progenitor cell lineages that have proven to be useful in strategies designed to effect repair of the degenerate intervertebral disc (IVD) and OA cartilage. PPS stimulates proteoglycan synthesis by chondrocytes in the presence or absence of interleukin (IL)-1, and stimulates hyaluronan production by synoviocytes. PPS is thus a multifunctional tissue-protective molecule of potential therapeutic application for a diverse range of disease processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret M. Smith
- Raymond Purves Laboratory, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Faculty of Health and Science, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia;
| | - James Melrose
- Raymond Purves Laboratory, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Faculty of Health and Science, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia;
- Graduate Schools of Biomedical Engineering, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, Northern Campus, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
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5
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Krishnan R, Stapledon CJM, Mostafavi H, Freitas JR, Liu X, Mahalingam S, Zaid A. Anti-inflammatory actions of Pentosan polysulfate sodium in a mouse model of influenza virus A/PR8/34-induced pulmonary inflammation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1030879. [PMID: 36845136 PMCID: PMC9947849 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1030879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction There is an unmet medical need for effective anti-inflammatory agents for the treatment of acute and post-acute lung inflammation caused by respiratory viruses. The semi-synthetic polysaccharide, Pentosan polysulfate sodium (PPS), an inhibitor of NF-kB activation, was investigated for its systemic and local anti-inflammatory effects in a mouse model of influenza virus A/PR8/1934 (PR8 strain) mediated infection. Methods Immunocompetent C57BL/6J mice were infected intranasally with a sublethal dose of PR8 and treated subcutaneously with 3 or 6 mg/kg PPS or vehicle. Disease was monitored and tissues were collected at the acute (8 days post-infection; dpi) or post-acute (21 dpi) phase of disease to assess the effect of PPS on PR8-induced pathology. Results In the acute phase of PR8 infection, PPS treatment was associated with a reduction in weight loss and improvement in oxygen saturation when compared to vehicle-treated mice. Associated with these clinical improvements, PPS treatment showed a significant retention in the numbers of protective SiglecF+ resident alveolar macrophages, despite uneventful changes in pulmonary leukocyte infiltrates assessed by flow cytometry. PPS treatment in PR8- infected mice showed significant reductions systemically but not locally of the inflammatory molecules, IL-6, IFN-g, TNF-a, IL-12p70 and CCL2. In the post-acute phase of infection, PPS demonstrated a reduction in the pulmonary fibrotic biomarkers, sICAM-1 and complement factor C5b9. Discussion The systemic and local anti-inflammatory actions of PPS may regulate acute and post-acute pulmonary inflammation and tissue remodeling mediated by PR8 infection, which warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Krishnan
- Research and Development, Paradigm Biopharmaceuticals Ltd., Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Helen Mostafavi
- Emerging Viruses, Inflammation and Therapeutics Group, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
- Global Virus Network (GVN) Center for Excellence in Arboviruses, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Joseph R. Freitas
- Emerging Viruses, Inflammation and Therapeutics Group, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
- Global Virus Network (GVN) Center for Excellence in Arboviruses, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Xiang Liu
- Emerging Viruses, Inflammation and Therapeutics Group, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
- Global Virus Network (GVN) Center for Excellence in Arboviruses, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Suresh Mahalingam
- Emerging Viruses, Inflammation and Therapeutics Group, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
- Global Virus Network (GVN) Center for Excellence in Arboviruses, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Ali Zaid
- Emerging Viruses, Inflammation and Therapeutics Group, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
- Global Virus Network (GVN) Center for Excellence in Arboviruses, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
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Kim H, Seo J, Lee Y, Park K, Perry TA, Arden NK, Mobasheri A, Choi H. The current state of the osteoarthritis drug development pipeline: a comprehensive narrative review of the present challenges and future opportunities. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2022; 14:1759720X221085952. [PMID: 36504595 PMCID: PMC9732806 DOI: 10.1177/1759720x221085952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this narrative review article, we critically assess the current state of the osteoarthritis (OA) drug development pipeline. We discuss the current state-of-the-art in relation to the development and evaluation of candidate disease-modifying OA drugs (DMOADs) and the limitations associated with the tools and methodologies that are used to assess outcomes in OA clinical trials. We focus on the definition of DMOADs, highlight the need for an updated definition in the form of a consensus statement from all the major stakeholders, including academia, industry, regulatory agencies, and patient organizations, and provide a summary of the results of recent clinical trials of novel DMOAD candidates. We propose that DMOADs should be more appropriately targeted and investigated according to the emerging clinical phenotypes and molecular endotypes of OA. Based on the findings from recent clinical trials, we propose key topics and directions for the development of future DMOADs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heungdeok Kim
- Institute of Bio Innovation Research, Kolon
Life Science, Inc., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jinwon Seo
- Institute of Bio Innovation Research, Kolon
Life Science, Inc., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yunsin Lee
- Institute of Bio Innovation Research, Kolon
Life Science, Inc., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kiwon Park
- Institute of Bio Innovation Research, Kolon
Life Science, Inc., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Thomas A. Perry
- Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis Versus
Arthritis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford,
UK
| | - Nigel K. Arden
- Versus Arthritis Centre for Sport, Exercise and
Osteoarthritis, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK,Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Orthopaedic
Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Ali Mobasheri
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and
Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland,Department of Regenerative Medicine, State
Research Institute Center for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania,Department of Orthopedics and Department of
Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht,
Utrecht, The Netherlands,Department of Joint Surgery, The First
Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China,World Health Organization Collaborating Center
for Public Health Aspects of Musculoskeletal Health and Aging, Université de
Liège, Liège, Belgium
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7
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Cuffaro D, Ciccone L, Rossello A, Nuti E, Santamaria S. Targeting Aggrecanases for Osteoarthritis Therapy: From Zinc Chelation to Exosite Inhibition. J Med Chem 2022; 65:13505-13532. [PMID: 36250680 PMCID: PMC9620172 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease. In 1999, two members of the A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin Motifs (ADAMTS) family of metalloproteinases, ADAMTS4 and ADAMTS5, or aggrecanases, were identified as the enzymes responsible for aggrecan degradation in cartilage. The first aggrecanase inhibitors targeted the active site by chelation of the catalytic zinc ion. Due to the generally disappointing performance of zinc-chelating inhibitors in preclinical and clinical studies, inhibition strategies tried to move away from the active-site zinc in order to improve selectivity. Exosite inhibitors bind to proteoglycan-binding residues present on the aggrecanase ancillary domains (called exosites). While exosite inhibitors are generally more selective than zinc-chelating inhibitors, they are still far from fulfilling their potential, partly due to a lack of structural and functional data on aggrecanase exosites. Filling this gap will inform the design of novel potent, selective aggrecanase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doretta Cuffaro
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lidia Ciccone
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Armando Rossello
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisa Nuti
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Salvatore Santamaria
- Department
of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial
College London, Du Cane Road, London W12
0NN, U.K.
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8
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Smith MM, Hayes AJ, Melrose J. Pentosan Polysulphate (PPS), a Semi-Synthetic Heparinoid DMOAD With Roles in Intervertebral Disc Repair Biology emulating The Stem Cell Instructive and Tissue Reparative Properties of Heparan Sulphate. Stem Cells Dev 2022; 31:406-430. [PMID: 35102748 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2022.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This review highlights the attributes of pentosan polysulphate (PPS) in the promotion of intervertebral disc (IVD) repair processes. PPS has been classified as a disease modifying osteoarthritic drug (DMOAD) and many studies have demonstrated its positive attributes in the countering of degenerative changes occurring in cartilaginous tissues during the development of osteoarthritis (OA). Degenerative changes in the IVD also involve inflammatory cytokines, degradative proteases and cell signalling pathways similar to those operative in the development of OA in articular cartilage. PPS acts as a heparan sulphate (HS) mimetic to effect its beneficial effects in cartilage. The IVD contains small cell membrane HS-proteoglycans (HSPGs) such as syndecan, and glypican and a large multifunctional HS/chondroitin sulphate (CS) hybrid proteoglycan (HSPG2/perlecan) that have important matrix stabilising properties and sequester, control and present growth factors from the FGF, VEGF, PDGF and BMP families to cellular receptors to promote cell proliferation, differentiation and matrix synthesis. HSPG2 also has chondrogenic properties and stimulates the synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM) components, expansion of cartilaginous rudiments and has roles in matrix stabilisation and repair. Perlecan is a perinuclear and nuclear proteoglycan in IVD cells with roles in chromatin organisation and control of transcription factor activity, immunolocalises to stem cell niches in cartilage, promotes escape of stem cells from quiescent recycling, differentiation and attainment of pluripotency and migratory properties. These participate in tissue development and morphogenesis, ECM remodelling and repair. PPS also localises in the nucleus of stromal stem cells, promotes development of chondroprogenitor cell lineages, ECM synthesis and repair and discal repair by resident disc cells. The availability of recombinant perlecan and PPS offer new opportunities in repair biology. These multifunctional agents offer welcome new developments in repair strategies for the IVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret M Smith
- The University of Sydney Raymond Purves Bone and Joint Research Laboratories, 247198, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia;
| | - Anthony J Hayes
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, University of Cardiff, UK, Bioimaging Unit, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland;
| | - James Melrose
- Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, Raymond Purves Lab, Sydney Medical School Northern, Level 10, Kolling Institute B6, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia, 2065.,University of New South Wales, 7800, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of NSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, 2052;
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9
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Balic Z, Misra S, Willard B, Reinhardt DP, Apte SS, Hubmacher D. Alternative splicing of the metalloprotease ADAMTS17 spacer regulates secretion and modulates autoproteolytic activity. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21310. [PMID: 33484187 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001120rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
ADAMTS proteases mediate biosynthesis and breakdown of secreted extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules in numerous physiological and disease processes. In addition to their catalytic domains, ADAMTS proteases contain ancillary domains, which mediate substrate recognition and ECM binding and confer distinctive properties and roles to individual ADAMTS proteases. Although alternative splicing can greatly expand the structural and functional diversity of ADAMTS proteases, it has been infrequently reported and functional consequences have been rarely investigated. Here, we characterize the structural and functional impact of alternative splicing of ADAMTS17, mutations in which cause Weill-Marchesani syndrome 4. Two novel ADAMTS17 splice variants, ADAMTS17A and ADAMTS17B, were investigated by structural modeling, mass spectrometry, and biochemical approaches. Our results identify a novel disulfide-bridged insertion in the ADAMTS17A spacer that originates from inclusion of a novel exon. This insertion results in differential autoproteolysis of ADAMTS17, and thus, predicts altered proteolytic activity against other substrates. The second variant, ADAMTS17B, results from an in-frame exon deletion and prevents ADAMTS17B secretion. Thus, alternative splicing of the ADAMTS spacer significantly regulates the physiologically relevant proteolytic activity of ADAMTS17, either by altering proteolytic specificity (ADAMTS17A) or by altering cellular localization (ADAMTS17B).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zerina Balic
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Belinda Willard
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Suneel S Apte
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Dirk Hubmacher
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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10
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Krishnan R, Duiker M, Rudd PA, Skerrett D, Pollard JGD, Siddel C, Rifat R, Ng JHK, Georgius P, Hererro LJ, Griffin P. Pentosan polysulfate sodium for Ross River virus-induced arthralgia: a phase 2a, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021; 22:271. [PMID: 33711991 PMCID: PMC7955617 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-021-04123-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alphaviruses, such as Ross River (RRV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV), cause significant global morbidity, with outbreaks of crippling joint inflammation and pain, leaving patients incapacitated for months to years. With no available vaccine or specific therapeutic for any alphaviral disease, and a growing economic and public health burden, there is a serious need for the development of specific therapies. Methods This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of pentosan polysulfate sodium (PPS) in subjects with RRV-induced arthralgia in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Twenty subjects were randomized 2:1 to subcutaneous PPS (2 mg/kg) or placebo (sodium chloride 0.9%) twice weekly for 6 weeks. Safety evaluation included physical examination, concomitant medications, and laboratory findings. Efficacy assessments included change from baseline in joint function (hand grip strength and RAPID3) and quality of life (SF-36) at Days 15, 29, 39 and 81 after treatment initiation. Inflammatory and cartilage degradation biomarkers were exploratory endpoints. Results PPS was well tolerated, with a similar proportion of subjects reporting at least one treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE) in the treatment and placebo groups. Injection site reactions were the most common TEAE and occurred more frequently in the PPS group. Dominant hand grip strength and SF-36 scores improved with PPS at all time points assessed, with hand grip strength improvement of 6.99 kg (p = 0.0189) higher than placebo at Day 15. PPS showed significant improvements versus placebo in adjusted mean relative change from baseline for RAPID3 Pain (p = 0.0197) and Total (p = 0.0101) scores at Day 15. At the conclusion of the study overall joint symptoms, assessed by RAPID3, showed near remission in 61.5% of PPS subjects versus 14.3% of placebo subjects. Additionally, PPS treatment improved COMP, CTX-II, CCL1, CXCL12, CXCL16 and CCL17 biomarker levels versus placebo. Conclusions Overall, the improvements in strength and joint symptoms warrant further evaluation of PPS as a specific treatment for RRV-induced and other forms of arthritis. Trial registration This trial is registered at the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry #ACTRN12617000893303. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12891-021-04123-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Krishnan
- Paradigm Biopharmaceuticals Ltd., Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Melanie Duiker
- Paradigm Biopharmaceuticals Ltd., Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Penny A Rudd
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Donna Skerrett
- Paradigm Biopharmaceuticals Ltd., Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | - Rifat Rifat
- Rich River Health Group, Echuca, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jennifer H K Ng
- Clinical Trials Unit (Griffith Health), Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia and Gold Coast University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Peter Georgius
- Sunshine Coast Clinical Research, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lara J Hererro
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Paul Griffin
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Mater Misericordiae Ltd., Level 3, Aubigny Place, Raymond Terrace, South Brisbane, Queensland, 4101, Australia.
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11
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van Vliet DM, Lin Y, Bale NJ, Koenen M, Villanueva L, Stams AJM, Sánchez-Andrea I. Pontiella desulfatans gen. nov., sp. nov., and Pontiella sulfatireligans sp. nov., Two Marine Anaerobes of the Pontiellaceae fam. nov. Producing Sulfated Glycosaminoglycan-like Exopolymers. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8060920. [PMID: 32570748 PMCID: PMC7356697 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8060920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, we isolated two marine strains, F1T and F21T, which together with Kiritimatiella glycovorans L21-Fru-ABT are the only pure cultures of the class Kiritimatiellae within the phylum Verrucomicrobiota. Here, we present an in-depth genome-guided characterization of both isolates with emphasis on their exopolysaccharide synthesis. The strains only grew fermentatively on simple carbohydrates and sulfated polysaccharides. Strains F1T, F21T and K. glycovorans reduced elemental sulfur, ferric citrate and anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate during anaerobic growth on sugars. Both strains produced exopolysaccharides during stationary phase, probably with intracellularly stored glycogen as energy and carbon source. Exopolysaccharides included N-sulfated polysaccharides probably containing hexosamines and thus resembling glycosaminoglycans. This implies that the isolates can both degrade and produce sulfated polysaccharides. Both strains encoded an unprecedently high number of glycoside hydrolase genes (422 and 388, respectively), including prevalent alpha-L-fucosidase genes, which may be necessary for degrading complex sulfated polysaccharides such as fucoidan. Strain F21T encoded three putative glycosaminoglycan sulfotransferases and a putative sulfate glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis gene cluster. Based on phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic analyses, we propose the taxa Pontiella desulfatans F1T gen. nov., sp. nov. and Pontiella sulfatireligans F21T sp. nov. as representatives of the Pontiellaceae fam. nov. within the class Kiritimatiellae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daan M. van Vliet
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands; (D.M.v.V.); (A.J.M.S.)
| | - Yuemei Lin
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands;
| | - Nicole J. Bale
- Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ) and Utrecht University, Landsdiep 4, 1797 SZ ’t Horntje (Texel), The Netherlands; (N.J.B.); (M.K.); (L.V.)
| | - Michel Koenen
- Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ) and Utrecht University, Landsdiep 4, 1797 SZ ’t Horntje (Texel), The Netherlands; (N.J.B.); (M.K.); (L.V.)
| | - Laura Villanueva
- Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ) and Utrecht University, Landsdiep 4, 1797 SZ ’t Horntje (Texel), The Netherlands; (N.J.B.); (M.K.); (L.V.)
| | - Alfons J. M. Stams
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands; (D.M.v.V.); (A.J.M.S.)
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Irene Sánchez-Andrea
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands; (D.M.v.V.); (A.J.M.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-317-483486
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12
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Logue T, Lizotte-Waniewski M, Brew K. Thermodynamic profiles of the interactions of suramin, chondroitin sulfate, and pentosan polysulfate with the inhibitory domain of TIMP-3. FEBS Lett 2019; 594:94-103. [PMID: 31359422 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular levels of soluble TIMP-3 are low, reflecting its binding by extracellular matrix (ECM) components including sulfated glycosaminoglycans (SGAGs) and endocytosis via low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1. Since TIMP-3 inhibits ECM degradation, the ability of SGAGs to elevate extracellular TIMP-3 is significant for osteoarthritis treatment. Previous studies of such interactions have utilized immobilized TIMP-3 or ligands. Here, we report the thermodynamics of the interactions of the sGAG-binding N-domain of TIMP-3 with chondroitin sulfate, pentosan polysulfate, and suramin in solution using isothermal titration calorimetry. All three interactions are driven by a favorable negative enthalpy change combined with an unfavorable decrease in entropy. The heat capacity changes (ΔCp ) for all of the interactions are zero, indicating an insignificant contribution from hydrophobic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Logue
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
| | - Michelle Lizotte-Waniewski
- Integrated Medical Sciences Department, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
| | - Keith Brew
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
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13
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Exosites in Hypervariable Loops of ADAMTS Spacer Domains control Substrate Recognition and Proteolysis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10914. [PMID: 31358852 PMCID: PMC6662762 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47494-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
ADAMTS (A Disintegrin-like and Metalloproteinase domain with Thrombospondin type 1 Motif)-1, -4 and -5 share the abilities to cleave large aggregating proteoglycans including versican and aggrecan. These activities are highly relevant to cardiovascular disease and osteoarthritis and during development. Here, using purified recombinant ADAMTS-1, -4 and -5, we quantify, compare, and define the molecular basis of their versicanase activity. A novel sandwich-ELISA detecting the major versican cleavage fragment was used to determine, for the first time, kinetic constants for versican proteolysis. ADAMTS-5 (kcat/Km 35 × 105 M−1 s−1) is a more potent (~18-fold) versicanase than ADAMTS-4 (kcat/Km 1.86 × 105 M−1 sec−1), whereas ADAMTS-1 versicanase activity is comparatively low. Deletion of the spacer domain reduced versicanase activity of ADAMTS-5 19-fold and that of ADAMTS-4 167-fold. Co-deletion of the ADAMTS-5 cysteine-rich domain further reduced versicanase activity to a total 153-fold reduction. Substitution of two hypervariable loops in the spacer domain of ADAMTS-5 (residues 739–744 and 837–844) and ADAMTS-4 (residues 717–724 and 788–795) with those of ADAMTS-13, which does not cleave proteoglycans, caused spacer-dependent reductions in versicanase activities. Our results demonstrate that these loops contain exosites critical for interaction with and processing of versican. The hypervariable loops of ADAMTS-5 are shown to be important also for its aggrecanase activity. Together with previous work on ADAMTS-13 our results suggest that the spacer domain hypervariable loops may exercise significant control of ADAMTS proteolytic activity as a general principle. Identification of specific exosites also provides targets for selective inhibitors.
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14
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Disintegrin and metalloproteinases (ADAMs and ADAM-TSs), the emerging family of proteases in heart physiology and pathology. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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15
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Sampson MJ, Kabbani M, Krishnan R, Nganga M, Theodoulou A, Krishnan J. Improved clinical outcome measures of knee pain and function with concurrent resolution of subchondral Bone Marrow Edema Lesion and joint effusion in an osteoarthritic patient following Pentosan Polysulphate Sodium treatment: a case report. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2017; 18:396. [PMID: 28899386 PMCID: PMC5596862 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-017-1754-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background At present, there are no registered products for the treatment of subchondral Bone Marrow Edema Lesion (BML) and associated knee pain. Patients who do not respond to current anti-inflammatory therapies are left with limited treatment options, and may resort to operative management with Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA). We report the use of Pentosan Polysulphate Sodium (PPS) for the treatment of BMLs of the knee. Case presentation We report the case of a 70-year-old female with knee osteoarthritis presenting with a high level of knee pain, scoring 8 on the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), and functional limitation demonstrating a poor Lysholm Knee Score of 37. MRI scans of the knee revealed subchondral BML in the medial femoral condyle and medial tibial plateau. The patient was administered a course of Pentosan Polysulphate Sodium (PPS) intramuscularly twice weekly, for 3 weeks. MRI scans 2 weeks post-treatment showed complete resolution of the bone marrow edema at the medial femoral condyle and medial tibial plateau with concomitant recovery from pain (NRS pain score of 0), and a 43% improvement of the Lysholm Knee Score. In addition, marked reduction in joint effusion was also demonstrated in the MRI scan post PPS therapy. Conclusion The MRI interpretations demonstrate improved clinical outcome measures ensuing therapeutic intervention with PPS, and warranting further investigation into the efficacy of PPS in the treatment of BML associated pain and dysfunction in the osteoarthritic population via randomized controlled trial, or equivalent rigorous methodological technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Sampson
- Benson Radiology, 120 Greenhill Road, Unley, South Australia, 5061, Australia.,College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Sturt Road, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia
| | - Margie Kabbani
- The International Musculoskeletal Research Institute Inc, 13 Laffers Road, Belair, South Australia, 5052, Australia
| | - Ravi Krishnan
- Paradigm BioPharmaceuticals Ltd, Level 2, 517 Flinders Lane, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Michael Nganga
- The International Musculoskeletal Research Institute Inc, 13 Laffers Road, Belair, South Australia, 5052, Australia.,College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Sturt Road, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia
| | - Annika Theodoulou
- The International Musculoskeletal Research Institute Inc, 13 Laffers Road, Belair, South Australia, 5052, Australia.,College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Sturt Road, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia
| | - Jeganath Krishnan
- The International Musculoskeletal Research Institute Inc, 13 Laffers Road, Belair, South Australia, 5052, Australia. .,College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Sturt Road, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia.
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Chanalaris A, Doherty C, Marsden BD, Bambridge G, Wren SP, Nagase H, Troeberg L. Suramin Inhibits Osteoarthritic Cartilage Degradation by Increasing Extracellular Levels of Chondroprotective Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases 3. Mol Pharmacol 2017; 92:459-468. [PMID: 28798097 PMCID: PMC5588548 DOI: 10.1124/mol.117.109397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a common degenerative joint disease for which no disease-modifying drugs are currently available. Attempts to treat the disease with small molecule inhibitors of the metalloproteinases that degrade the cartilage matrix have been hampered by a lack of specificity. We aimed to inhibit cartilage degradation by augmenting levels of the endogenous metalloproteinase inhibitor, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-3, through blocking its interaction with the endocytic scavenger receptor, low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1). We discovered that suramin (C51H40N6O23S6) bound to TIMP-3 with a KD value of 1.9 ± 0.2 nM and inhibited its endocytosis via LRP1, thus increasing extracellular levels of TIMP-3 and inhibiting cartilage degradation by the TIMP-3 target enzyme, adamalysin-like metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5. NF279 (8,8'-[carbonylbis(imino-4,1-phenylenecarbonylimino-4,1-phenylenecarbonylimino)]bis-1,3,5-naphthalenetrisulfonic acid hexasodium salt), a structural analog of suramin, has an increased affinity for TIMP-3 and increased ability to inhibit TIMP-3 endocytosis and protect cartilage. Suramin is thus a promising scaffold for the development of novel therapeutics to increase TIMP-3 levels and inhibit cartilage degradation in osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasios Chanalaris
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, (A.C., C.D., G.B., H.N., L.T.), Structural Genomics Consortium (B.D.M.), and Alzheimer's Research UK Oxford Drug Discovery Institute (S.P.W.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Christine Doherty
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, (A.C., C.D., G.B., H.N., L.T.), Structural Genomics Consortium (B.D.M.), and Alzheimer's Research UK Oxford Drug Discovery Institute (S.P.W.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Brian D Marsden
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, (A.C., C.D., G.B., H.N., L.T.), Structural Genomics Consortium (B.D.M.), and Alzheimer's Research UK Oxford Drug Discovery Institute (S.P.W.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriel Bambridge
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, (A.C., C.D., G.B., H.N., L.T.), Structural Genomics Consortium (B.D.M.), and Alzheimer's Research UK Oxford Drug Discovery Institute (S.P.W.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen P Wren
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, (A.C., C.D., G.B., H.N., L.T.), Structural Genomics Consortium (B.D.M.), and Alzheimer's Research UK Oxford Drug Discovery Institute (S.P.W.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Hideaki Nagase
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, (A.C., C.D., G.B., H.N., L.T.), Structural Genomics Consortium (B.D.M.), and Alzheimer's Research UK Oxford Drug Discovery Institute (S.P.W.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Linda Troeberg
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, (A.C., C.D., G.B., H.N., L.T.), Structural Genomics Consortium (B.D.M.), and Alzheimer's Research UK Oxford Drug Discovery Institute (S.P.W.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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17
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Kar S, Smith DW, Gardiner BS, Grodzinsky AJ. Systems Based Study of the Therapeutic Potential of Small Charged Molecules for the Inhibition of IL-1 Mediated Cartilage Degradation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168047. [PMID: 27977731 PMCID: PMC5158201 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory cytokines are key drivers of cartilage degradation in post-traumatic osteoarthritis. Cartilage degradation mediated by these inflammatory cytokines has been extensively investigated using in vitro experimental systems. Based on one such study, we have developed a computational model to quantitatively assess the impact of charged small molecules intended to inhibit IL-1 mediated cartilage degradation. We primarily focus on the simplest possible computational model of small molecular interaction with the IL-1 system-direct binding of the small molecule to the active site on the IL-1 molecule itself. We first use the model to explore the uptake and release kinetics of the small molecule inhibitor by cartilage tissue. Our results show that negatively charged small molecules are excluded from the negatively charged cartilage tissue and have uptake kinetics in the order of hours. In contrast, the positively charged small molecules are drawn into the cartilage with uptake and release timescales ranging from hours to days. Using our calibrated computational model, we subsequently explore the effect of small molecule charge and binding constant on the rate of cartilage degradation. The results from this analysis indicate that the small molecules are most effective in inhibiting cartilage degradation if they are either positively charged and/or bind strongly to IL-1α, or both. Furthermore, our results showed that the cartilage structural homeostasis can be restored by the small molecule if administered within six days following initial tissue exposure to IL-1α. We finally extended the scope of the computational model by simulating the competitive inhibition of cartilage degradation by the small molecule. Results from this model show that small molecules are more efficient in inhibiting cartilage degradation by binding directly to IL-1α rather than binding to IL-1α receptors. The results from this study can be used as a template for the design and development of more pharmacologically effective osteoarthritis drugs, and to investigate possible therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saptarshi Kar
- School of Computer Science and Software Engineering, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - David W. Smith
- School of Computer Science and Software Engineering, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Bruce S. Gardiner
- Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Alan J. Grodzinsky
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
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18
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Doherty CM, Visse R, Dinakarpandian D, Strickland DK, Nagase H, Troeberg L. Engineered Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases-3 Variants Resistant to Endocytosis Have Prolonged Chondroprotective Activity. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:22160-22172. [PMID: 27582494 PMCID: PMC5063997 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.733261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-3 (TIMP-3) is a central inhibitor of matrix-degrading and sheddase families of metalloproteinases. Extracellular levels of the inhibitor are regulated by the balance between its retention on the extracellular matrix and its endocytic clearance by the scavenger receptor low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1). Here, we used molecular modeling to predict TIMP-3 residues potentially involved in binding to LRP1 based on the proposed LRP1 binding motif of 2 lysine residues separated by about 21 Å and mutated the candidate lysine residues to alanine individually and in pairs. Of the 22 mutants generated, 13 displayed a reduced rate of uptake by HTB94 chondrosarcoma cells. The two mutants (TIMP-3 K26A/K45A and K42A/K110A) with lowest rates of uptake were further evaluated and found to display reduced binding to LRP1 and unaltered inhibitory activity against prototypic metalloproteinases. TIMP-3 K26A/K45A retained higher affinity for sulfated glycosaminoglycans than K42A/K110A and exhibited increased affinity for ADAMTS-5 in the presence of heparin. Both mutants inhibited metalloproteinase-mediated degradation of cartilage at lower concentrations and for longer than wild-type TIMP-3, indicating that their increased half-lives improved their ability to protect cartilage. These mutants may be useful in treating connective tissue diseases associated with increased metalloproteinase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine M Doherty
- From the Arthritis Research UK Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Visse
- From the Arthritis Research UK Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom
| | - Deendayal Dinakarpandian
- the School of Computing and Engineering, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Missouri 64111, and
| | | | - Hideaki Nagase
- From the Arthritis Research UK Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom
| | - Linda Troeberg
- From the Arthritis Research UK Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom,
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19
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Oehme D, Ghosh P, Goldschlager T, Itescu S, Shimon S, Wu J, McDonald C, Troupis JM, Rosenfeld JV, Jenkin G. Reconstitution of degenerated ovine lumbar discs by STRO-3-positive allogeneic mesenchymal precursor cells combined with pentosan polysulfate. J Neurosurg Spine 2016; 24:715-26. [PMID: 26799116 DOI: 10.3171/2015.8.spine141097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Disc degeneration and associated low-back pain are major causes of suffering and disability. The authors examined the potential of mesenchymal precursor cells (MPCs), when formulated with pentosan polysulfate (PPS), to ameliorate disc degeneration in an ovine model. METHODS Twenty-four sheep had annular incisions made at L2-3, L3-4, and L4-5 to induce degeneration. Twelve weeks after injury, the nucleus pulposus of a degenerated disc in each animal was injected with ProFreeze and PPS formulated with either a low dose (0.1 million MPCs) or a high dose (0.5 million MPCs) of cells. The 2 adjacent injured discs in each spine were either injected with PPS and ProFreeze (PPS control) or not injected (nil-injected control). The adjacent noninjured L1-2 and L5-6 discs served as noninjured control discs. Disc height indices (DHIs) were obtained at baseline, before injection, and at planned death. After necropsy, 24 weeks after injection, the spines were subjected to MRI and morphological, histological, and biochemical analyses. RESULTS Twelve weeks after the annular injury, all the injured discs exhibited a significant reduction in mean DHI (low-dose group 17.19%; high-dose group 18.01% [p < 0.01]). Twenty-four weeks after injections, the discs injected with the low-dose MPC+PPS formulation recovered disc height, and their mean DHI was significantly greater than the DHI of PPS- and nil-injected discs (p < 0.001). Although the mean Pfirrmann MRI disc degeneration score for the low-dose MPC+PPS-injected discs was lower than that for the nil- and PPS-injected discs, the differences were not significant. The disc morphology scores for the nil- and PPS-injected discs were significantly higher than the normal control disc scores (p < 0.005), whereas the low-dose MPC+PPS-injected disc scores were not significantly different from those of the normal controls. The mean glycosaminoglycan content of the nuclei pulposus of the low-dose MPC+PPS-injected discs was significantly higher than that of the PPS-injected controls (p < 0.05) but was not significantly different from the normal control disc glycosaminoglycan levels. Histopathology degeneration frequency scores for the low-dose MPC+PPS-injected discs were lower than those for the PPS- and Nil-injected discs. The corresponding high-dose MPC+PPS-injected discs failed to show significant improvements in any outcome measure relative to the controls. CONCLUSIONS Intradiscal injections of a formulation composed of 0.1 million MPCs combined with PPS resulted in positive effects in reducing the progression of disc degeneration in an ovine model, as assessed by improvements in DHI and morphological, biochemical, and histopathological scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Oehme
- The Ritchie Centre, MIMR-PHI Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria
| | - Peter Ghosh
- The Ritchie Centre, MIMR-PHI Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria;,Proteobioactives, Pty Ltd, Brookvale, New South Wales;,Mesoblast Ltd, Melbourne
| | - Tony Goldschlager
- The Ritchie Centre, MIMR-PHI Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria;,Mesoblast Ltd, Melbourne
| | | | - Susan Shimon
- Proteobioactives, Pty Ltd, Brookvale, New South Wales
| | - Jiehua Wu
- Proteobioactives, Pty Ltd, Brookvale, New South Wales
| | - Courtney McDonald
- The Ritchie Centre, MIMR-PHI Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria
| | | | - Jeffrey V Rosenfeld
- Department of Surgery, Monash University, Clayton; and.,Department of Neurosurgery, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Graham Jenkin
- The Ritchie Centre, MIMR-PHI Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria
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20
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Antibody-based exosite inhibitors of ADAMTS-5 (aggrecanase-2). Biochem J 2015; 471:391-401. [PMID: 26303525 PMCID: PMC4613496 DOI: 10.1042/bj20150758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We isolated four antibody-based exosite inhibitors of adamalysin-like metalloproteinases with thrombospondin (TS) motifs (ADAMTS)-5, a multi-domain metalloproteinase, from a phage display library. One of them binds to the spacer domain (Sp) and inhibits the enzyme action selectively on natural substrate proteoglycans, but not on peptides. Adamalysin-like metalloproteinases with thrombospondin (TS) motifs (ADAMTS)-5 is the multi-domain metalloproteinase that most potently degrades aggrecan proteoglycan in the cartilage and its activity is implicated in the development of osteoarthritis (OA). To generate specific exosite inhibitors for it, we screened a phage display antibody library in the presence of the zinc-chelating active site-directed inhibitor GM6001 (Ilomastat) and isolated four highly selective inhibitory antibodies. Two antibodies were mapped to react with exosites in the catalytic/disintegrin domains (Cat/Dis) of the enzyme, one in the TS domain and one in the spacer domain (Sp). The antibody reacting with the Sp blocked the enzyme action only when aggrecan or the Escherichia coli-expressed aggrecan core protein were substrates, but not against a peptide substrate. The study with this antibody revealed the importance of the Sp for effective aggrecanolytic activity of ADAMTS-5 and that this domain does not interact with sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) but with the protein moiety of the proteoglycan. An antibody directed against the Cat/Dis of ADAMTS-5 was effective in a cell-based model of aggrecan degradation; however, the anti-Sp antibody was ineffective. Western blot analysis of endogenous ADAMTS-5 expressed by human chondrocytes showed the presence largely of truncated forms of ADAMTS-5, thus explaining the lack of efficacy of the anti-Sp antibody. The possibility of ADAMTS-5 truncation must then be taken into account when considering developing anti-ancillary domain antibodies for therapeutic purposes.
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21
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Dubail J, Apte SS. Insights on ADAMTS proteases and ADAMTS-like proteins from mammalian genetics. Matrix Biol 2015; 44-46:24-37. [PMID: 25770910 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian ADAMTS superfamily comprises 19 secreted metalloproteinases and 7 ADAMTS-like proteins, each the product of a distinct gene. Thus far, all appear to be relevant to extracellular matrix function or to cell-matrix interactions. Most ADAMTS functions first emerged from analysis of spontaneous human and animal mutations and genetically engineered animals. The clinical manifestations of Mendelian disorders resulting from mutations in ADAMTS2, ADAMTS10, ADAMTS13, ADAMTS17, ADAMTSL2 and ADAMTSL4 identified essential roles for each gene, but also suggested potential cooperative functions of ADAMTS proteins. These observations were extended by analysis of spontaneous animal mutations, such as in bovine ADAMTS2, canine ADAMTS10, ADAMTS17 and ADAMTSL2 and mouse ADAMTS20. These human and animal disorders are recessive and their manifestations appear to result from a loss-of-function mechanism. Genome-wide analyses have determined an association of some ADAMTS loci such as ADAMTS9 and ADAMTS7, with specific traits and acquired disorders. Analysis of genetically engineered rodent mutations, now achieved for over half the superfamily, has provided novel biological insights and animal models for the respective human genetic disorders and suggested potential candidate genes for related human phenotypes. Engineered mouse mutants have been interbred to generate combinatorial mutants, uncovering cooperative functions of ADAMTS proteins in morphogenesis. Specific genetic models have provided crucial insights on mechanisms of osteoarthritis (OA), a common adult-onset degenerative condition. Engineered mutants will facilitate interpretation of exome variants identified in isolated birth defects and rare genetic conditions, as well as in genome-wide screens for trait and disease associations. Mammalian forward and reverse genetics, together with genome-wide analysis, together constitute a powerful force for revealing the functions of ADAMTS proteins in physiological pathways and health disorders. Their continuing use, together with genome-editing technology and the ability to generate stem cells from mutants, presents numerous opportunities for advancing basic knowledge, human disease pathways and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanne Dubail
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Suneel S Apte
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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Theocharis AD, Gialeli C, Bouris P, Giannopoulou E, Skandalis SS, Aletras AJ, Iozzo RV, Karamanos NK. Cell-matrix interactions: focus on proteoglycan-proteinase interplay and pharmacological targeting in cancer. FEBS J 2014; 281:5023-42. [PMID: 25333340 PMCID: PMC5036392 DOI: 10.1111/febs.12927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Proteoglycans are major constituents of extracellular matrices, as well as cell surfaces and basement membranes. They play key roles in supporting the dynamic extracellular matrix by generating complex structural networks with other macromolecules and by regulating cellular phenotypes and signaling. It is becoming evident, however, that proteolytic enzymes are required partners for matrix remodeling and for modulating cell signaling via matrix constituents. Proteinases contribute to all stages of diseases, particularly cancer development and progression, and contextually participate in either the removal of damaged products or in the processing of matrix molecules and signaling receptors. The dynamic interplay between proteoglycans and proteolytic enzymes is a crucial biological step that contributes to the pathophysiology of cancer and inflammation. Moreover, proteoglycans are implicated in the expression and secretion of proteolytic enzymes and often modulate their activities. In this review, we describe the emerging biological roles of proteoglycans and proteinases, with a special emphasis on their complex interplay. We critically evaluate this important proteoglycan-proteinase interactome and discuss future challenges with respect to targeting this axis in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achilleas D. Theocharis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Res. Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26110 Patras, Greece
| | - Chrisostomi Gialeli
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Res. Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26110 Patras, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Bouris
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Res. Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26110 Patras, Greece
| | - Efstathia Giannopoulou
- Clinical Oncology Laboratory, Division of Oncology, University Hospital of Patras, Patras Medical School, Patras 26110, Greece
| | - Spyros S. Skandalis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Res. Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26110 Patras, Greece
| | - Alexios J. Aletras
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Res. Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26110 Patras, Greece
| | - Renato V. Iozzo
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA
| | - Nikos K. Karamanos
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Res. Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26110 Patras, Greece
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23
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Troeberg L, Lazenbatt C, Anower-E-Khuda MF, Freeman C, Federov O, Habuchi H, Habuchi O, Kimata K, Nagase H. Sulfated glycosaminoglycans control the extracellular trafficking and the activity of the metalloprotease inhibitor TIMP-3. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 21:1300-1309. [PMID: 25176127 PMCID: PMC4210636 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2014.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2014] [Revised: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3 (TIMP-3) is an important regulator of extracellular matrix (ECM) turnover. TIMP-3 binds to sulfated ECM glycosaminoglycans or is endocytosed by cells via low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP-1). Here, we report that heparan sulfate (HS) and chondroitin sulfate E (CSE) selectively regulate postsecretory trafficking of TIMP-3 by inhibiting its binding to LRP-1. HS and CSE also increased TIMP-3 affinity for glycan-binding metalloproteinases, such as adamalysin-like metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5 (ADAMTS-5), by reducing the dissociation rate constants. The sulfation pattern was crucial for these activities because monosulfated or truncated heparin had a reduced ability to bind to TIMP-3 and increase its affinity for ADAMTS-5. Therefore, sulfation of ECM glycans regulates the levels and inhibitory activity of TIMP-3 and modulates ECM turnover, and small mimicries of sulfated glycans may protect the tissue from the excess destruction seen in diseases such as osteoarthritis, cancer, and atherosclerosis. The metalloprotease inhibitor TIMP-3 binds to sulfated extracellular glycans This inhibits cellular uptake of TIMP-3 by the endocytic receptor LRP-1 Glycans also increase TIMP-3 affinity for selected target proteases The sulfation of matrix glycans therefore modulates TIMP-3 activity and ECM turnover
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Troeberg
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK.
| | - Christopher Lazenbatt
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK
| | - Md Ferdous Anower-E-Khuda
- Aichi Medical University Research Complex for Medicine Frontiers, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195, Japan
| | - Craig Freeman
- Division of Immunology and Genetics, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Oleg Federov
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Hiroko Habuchi
- Advanced Medical Research Centre, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195, Japan
| | - Osami Habuchi
- Advanced Medical Research Centre, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195, Japan
| | - Koji Kimata
- Aichi Medical University Research Complex for Medicine Frontiers, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195, Japan
| | - Hideaki Nagase
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK
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Purcell BP, Lobb D, Charati MB, Dorsey SM, Wade RJ, Zellers KN, Doviak H, Pettaway S, Logdon CB, Shuman J, Freels PD, Gorman JH, Gorman RC, Spinale FG, Burdick JA. Injectable and bioresponsive hydrogels for on-demand matrix metalloproteinase inhibition. NATURE MATERIALS 2014; 13:653-61. [PMID: 24681647 PMCID: PMC4031269 DOI: 10.1038/nmat3922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 342] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been extensively explored to treat pathologies where excessive MMP activity contributes to adverse tissue remodelling. Although MMP inhibition remains a relevant therapeutic target, MMP inhibitors have not translated to clinical application owing to the dose-limiting side effects following systemic administration of the drugs. Here, we describe the synthesis of a polysaccharide-based hydrogel that can be locally injected into tissues and releases a recombinant tissue inhibitor of MMPs (rTIMP-3) in response to MMP activity. Specifically, rTIMP-3 is sequestered in the hydrogels through electrostatic interactions and is released as crosslinks are degraded by active MMPs. Targeted delivery of the hydrogel/rTIMP-3 construct to regions of MMP overexpression following a myocardial infarction significantly reduced MMP activity and attenuated adverse left ventricular remodelling in a porcine model of myocardial infarction. Our findings demonstrate that local, on-demand MMP inhibition is achievable through the use of an injectable and bioresponsive hydrogel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan P. Purcell
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - David Lobb
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, University of South Carolina School of Medicine and the WJB Dorn Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Columbia, SC
| | - Manoj B. Charati
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Shauna M. Dorsey
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Ryan J. Wade
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Kia N. Zellers
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, University of South Carolina School of Medicine and the WJB Dorn Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Columbia, SC
| | - Heather Doviak
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, University of South Carolina School of Medicine and the WJB Dorn Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Columbia, SC
| | - Sara Pettaway
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, University of South Carolina School of Medicine and the WJB Dorn Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Columbia, SC
| | - Christina B. Logdon
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, University of South Carolina School of Medicine and the WJB Dorn Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Columbia, SC
| | - James Shuman
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, University of South Carolina School of Medicine and the WJB Dorn Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Columbia, SC
| | - Parker D. Freels
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, University of South Carolina School of Medicine and the WJB Dorn Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Columbia, SC
| | - Joseph H. Gorman
- Gorman Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Robert C. Gorman
- Gorman Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Francis G. Spinale
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, University of South Carolina School of Medicine and the WJB Dorn Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Columbia, SC
| | - Jason A. Burdick
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Corresponding Author: University of Pennsylvania, Department of Bioengineering, 240 Skirkanich Hall, 210 S. 33 Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104; Tel: 215-898-8537; Fax: 215-573-2071;
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25
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Oehme D, Ghosh P, Shimmon S, Wu J, McDonald C, Troupis JM, Goldschlager T, Rosenfeld JV, Jenkin G. Mesenchymal progenitor cells combined with pentosan polysulfate mediating disc regeneration at the time of microdiscectomy: a preliminary study in an ovine model. J Neurosurg Spine 2014; 20:657-69. [PMID: 24702507 DOI: 10.3171/2014.2.spine13760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT Following microdiscectomy, discs generally fail to undergo spontaneous regeneration and patients may experience chronic low-back pain and recurrent disc prolapse. In published studies, formulations of mesenchymal progenitor cells combined with pentosan polysulfate (MPCs+PPS) have been shown to regenerate disc tissue in animal models, suggesting that this approach may provide a useful adjunct to microdiscectomy. The goal of this preclinical laboratory study was to determine if the transplantation of MPCs+PPS, embedded in a gelatin/fibrin scaffold (SCAF), and transplanted into a defect created by microdiscectomy, could promote disc regeneration. METHODS A standardized microdiscectomy procedure was performed in 18 ovine lumbar discs. The subsequent disc defects were randomized to receive either no treatment (NIL), SCAF only, or the MPC+PPS formulation added to SCAF (MPCs+PPS+SCAF). Necropsies were undertaken 6 months postoperatively and the spines analyzed radiologically (radiography and MRI), biochemically, and histologically. RESULTS No adverse events occurred throughout the duration of the study. The MPC+PPS+SCAF group had significantly less reduction in disc height compared with SCAF-only and NIL groups (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). Magnetic resonance imaging Pfirrmann scores in the MPC+PPS+SCAF group were significantly lower than those in the SCAF group (p = 0.0213). The chaotropic solvent extractability of proteoglycans from the nucleus pulposus of MPC+PPS+SCAF-treated discs was significantly higher than that from the SCAF-only discs (p = 0.0312), and using gel exclusion chromatography, extracts from MPC+PPS+SCAF-treated discs also contained a higher percentage of proteoglycan aggregates than the extracts from both other groups. Analysis of the histological sections showed that 66% (p > 0.05) of the MPC+PPS+SCAF-treated discs exhibited less degeneration than the NIL or SCAF discs. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate the capacity of MPCs in combination with PPS, when embedded in a gelatin sponge and sealed with fibrin glue in a microdiscectomy defect, to restore disc height, disc morphology, and nucleus pulposus proteoglycan content.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Oehme
- The Ritchie Centre, Monash Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria
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26
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Yamamoto K, Owen K, Parker AE, Scilabra SD, Dudhia J, Strickland DK, Troeberg L, Nagase H. Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1)-mediated endocytic clearance of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs-4 (ADAMTS-4): functional differences of non-catalytic domains of ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-5 in LRP1 binding. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:6462-6474. [PMID: 24474687 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.545376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Degradation of the cartilage proteoglycan aggrecan is an early event in the development of osteoarthritis, and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs-4 (ADAMTS-4) and ADAMTS-5 are considered to be the major aggrecan-degrading enzymes. We have recently found that ADAMTS-5 is rapidly endocytosed via low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) and degraded by chondrocytes. Here we report that this regulatory mechanism also applies to ADAMTS-4, although its rate of endocytosis is slower than that of ADAMTS-5. Domain deletion mutagenesis of ADAMTS-4 identified that the cysteine-rich and spacer domains are responsible for binding to LRP1, whereas the thrombospondin 1 and spacer domains are responsible in ADAMTS-5. The estimated t½ value of ADAMTS-4 endocytosis was about 220 min, whereas that of ADAMTS-5 was 100 min. The difference in half-lives between the two enzymes is explained by the 13-fold lower affinity of ADAMTS-4 for LRP1 compared with that of ADAMTS-5. Studies using soluble ligand binding clusters of LRP1 showed that ADAMTS-4 binds to clusters II and IV with similar KD,app values of 98 and 73 nm, respectively, whereas ADAMTS-5 binds to cluster II, III, and IV with KD,app values of 3.5, 41, and 9 nm, respectively. Thus, ADAMTS-5 competitively inhibits ADAMTS-4 endocytosis but not vice versa. This study highlights that the affinity between a ligand and LRP1 dictates the rate of internalization and suggests that LRP1 is a major traffic controller of the two aggrecanases, especially under inflammatory conditions, where the protein levels of ADAMTS-4 increase, but those of ADAMTS-5 do not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Yamamoto
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom.
| | - Kathryn Owen
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, 65 Aspenlea Road, London W6 8LH, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew E Parker
- Respiratory and Inflammation Department, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TF, United Kingdom
| | - Simone D Scilabra
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom; Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, 65 Aspenlea Road, London W6 8LH, United Kingdom
| | - Jayesh Dudhia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Services, Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield, Herts AL9 7TA, United Kingdom
| | - Dudley K Strickland
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - Linda Troeberg
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom; Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, 65 Aspenlea Road, London W6 8LH, United Kingdom
| | - Hideaki Nagase
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom; Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, 65 Aspenlea Road, London W6 8LH, United Kingdom
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27
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Frith JE, Cameron AR, Menzies DJ, Ghosh P, Whitehead DL, Gronthos S, Zannettino AC, Cooper-White JJ. An injectable hydrogel incorporating mesenchymal precursor cells and pentosan polysulphate for intervertebral disc regeneration. Biomaterials 2013; 34:9430-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.08.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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28
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Schuchman EH, Ge Y, Lai A, Borisov Y, Faillace M, Eliyahu E, He X, Iatridis J, Vlassara H, Striker G, Simonaro CM. Pentosan polysulfate: a novel therapy for the mucopolysaccharidoses. PLoS One 2013; 8:e54459. [PMID: 23365668 PMCID: PMC3554761 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pentosan polysulfate (PPS) is an FDA-approved, oral medication with anti-inflammatory and pro-chondrogenic properties. We have previously shown that animal models of the mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) exhibit significant inflammatory disease, contributing to cartilage degeneration. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) only partly reduced inflammation, and anti-TNF-alpha antibody therapy significantly enhanced clinical and pathological outcomes. Here we describe the use of PPS for the treatment of MPS type VI rats. Methodology/Principal Findings Treatment began during prenatal development and at 1 and 6 months of age. All animals were treated until they were 9 months old. Significant reductions in the serum and tissue levels of several inflammatory markers (e.g., TNF-alpha, MIP-1alpha and RANTES/CCL5) were observed, as was reduced expression of inflammatory markers in cultured articular chondrocytes. ADAMTS-5/aggrecanase-2 levels also were reduced in chondrocytes, consistent with an elevation of serum tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1. Marked improvements in motility and grooming behavior occurred, along with a reduction in eye and nasal secretions and a lessening of the tracheal deformities. MicroCT and radiographic analyses further revealed that the treated MPS skulls were longer and thinner, and that the teeth malocclusions, misalignments and mineral densities were improved. MicroCT analysis of the femurs and vertebrae revealed improvements in trabecular bone mineral densities, number and spacing in a subset of treated MPS animals. Biomechanical assessments of PPS-treated spines showed partially restored torsional behaviors, suggesting increased spinal stability. No improvements were observed in cortical bone or femur length. The positive changes in the PPS-treated MPS VI rats occurred despite glycosaminoglycan accumulation in their tissues. Conclusions Based on these findings we conclude that PPS could be a simple and effective therapy for MPS that might provide significant clinical benefits alone and in combination with other therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward H. Schuchman
- Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Yi Ge
- Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Alon Lai
- Orthopedics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Yury Borisov
- Orthopedics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Meghan Faillace
- Orthopedics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Efrat Eliyahu
- Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Xingxuan He
- Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - James Iatridis
- Orthopedics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Helen Vlassara
- Medicine and Geriatrics and Palliative Care, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Gary Striker
- Medicine and Geriatrics and Palliative Care, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Calogera M. Simonaro
- Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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