1
|
Xu L, Lu Y, Jiang J, Chen Q, Xu Y, Mi Q, Xiang H, Lu L, Li X, Gao Q, Li L. The 14-3-3 protein nt GF14e interacts with CIPK2 and increases low potassium stress in tobacco. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2024; 19:2359257. [PMID: 38825861 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2024.2359257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Potassium (K+) plays a role in enzyme activation, membrane transport, and osmotic regulation processes. An increase in potassium content can significantly improve the elasticity and combustibility of tobacco and reduce the content of harmful substances. Here, we report that the expression analysis of Nt GF14e, a 14-3-3 gene, increased markedly after low-potassium treatment (LK). Then, chlorophyll content, POD activity and potassium content, were significantly increased in overexpression of Nt GF14e transgenic tobacco lines compared with those in the wild type plants. The net K+ efflux rates were severely lower in the transgenic plants than in the wild type under LK stress. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis identified 5708 upregulated genes and 2787 downregulated genes between Nt GF14e overexpressing transgenic tobacco plants. The expression levels of some potassium-related genes were increased, such as CBL-interacting protein kinase 2 (CIPK2), Nt CIPK23, Nt CIPK25, H+-ATPase isoform 2 a (AHA2a), Nt AHA4a, Stelar K+ outward rectifier 1(SKOR1), and high affinity K+ transporter 5 (HAK5). The result of yeast two-hybrid and luciferase complementation imaging experiments suggested Nt GF14e could interact with CIPK2. Overall, these findings indicate that NtGF14e plays a vital roles in improving tobacco LK tolerance and enhancing potassium nutrition signaling pathways in tobacco plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, R&D Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifei Lu
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agriculture University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiarui Jiang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, R&D Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Chen
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agriculture University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Xu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, R&D Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qili Mi
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, R&D Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiying Xiang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, R&D Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Lu
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agriculture University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, R&D Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Gao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, R&D Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqin Li
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agriculture University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gan X, Sengottaiyan P, Park KH, Assmann SM, Albert R. A network-based modeling framework reveals the core signal transduction network underlying high carbon dioxide-induced stomatal closure in guard cells. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002592. [PMID: 38691548 PMCID: PMC11090369 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Stomata are pores on plant aerial surfaces, each bordered by a pair of guard cells. They control gas exchange vital for plant survival. Understanding how guard cells respond to environmental signals such as atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels is not only insightful to fundamental biology but also relevant to real-world issues of crop productivity under global climate change. In the past decade, multiple important signaling elements for stomatal closure induced by elevated CO2 have been identified. Yet, there is no comprehensive understanding of high CO2-induced stomatal closure. In this work, we assemble a cellular signaling network underlying high CO2-induced stomatal closure by integrating evidence from a comprehensive literature analysis. We further construct a Boolean dynamic model of the network, which allows in silico simulation of the stomatal closure response to high CO2 in wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana plants and in cases of pharmacological or genetic manipulation of network nodes. Our model has a 91% accuracy in capturing known experimental observations. We perform network-based logical analysis and reveal a feedback core of the network, which dictates cellular decisions in closure response to high CO2. Based on these analyses, we predict and experimentally confirm that applying nitric oxide (NO) induces stomatal closure in ambient CO2 and causes hypersensitivity to elevated CO2. Moreover, we predict a negative regulatory relationship between NO and the protein phosphatase ABI2 and find experimentally that NO inhibits ABI2 phosphatase activity. The experimental validation of these model predictions demonstrates the effectiveness of network-based modeling and highlights the decision-making role of the feedback core of the network in signal transduction. We further explore the model's potential in predicting targets of signaling elements not yet connected to the CO2 network. Our combination of network science, in silico model simulation, and experimental assays demonstrates an effective interdisciplinary approach to understanding system-level biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Gan
- Institute for AI in Medicine, School of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Palanivelu Sengottaiyan
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Kyu Hyong Park
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Sarah M Assmann
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Réka Albert
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Scheible N, Henning PM, McCubbin AG. Calmodulin-Domain Protein Kinase PiCDPK1 Interacts with the 14-3-3-like Protein NtGF14 to Modulate Pollen Tube Growth. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:451. [PMID: 38337984 PMCID: PMC10857193 DOI: 10.3390/plants13030451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Calcium-mediated signaling pathways are known to play important roles in the polar growth of pollen tubes. The calcium-dependent protein kinase, PiCDPK1, has been shown to be involved in regulating this process through interaction with a guanine dissociation inhibitor, PiRhoGDI1. To more fully understand the role of PiCDPK1 in pollen tube extension, we designed a pull-down study to identify additional substrates of this kinase. These experiments identified 123 putative interactors. Two of the identified proteins were predicted to directly interact with PiCDPK1, and this possibility was investigated in planta. The first, NtGF14, a 14-3-3-like protein, did not produce a noticeable phenotype when overexpressed in pollen alone but partially rescued the spherical tube phenotype caused by PiCDPK1 over-expression when co-over-expressed with the kinase. The second, NtREN1, a GTPase activating protein (GAP), severely inhibited pollen tube germination when over-expressed, and its co-over-expression with PiCDPK1 did not substantially affect this phenotype. These results suggest a novel in vivo interaction between NtGF14 and PiCDPK1 but do not support the direct interaction between PiCDPK1 and NtREN1. We demonstrate the utility of the methodology used to identify potential protein interactions while confirming the necessity of additional studies to confirm their validity. Finally, additional support was found for intersection between PiCDPK1 and RopGTPase pathways to control polar growth at the pollen tube tip.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrew G. McCubbin
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (N.S.); (P.M.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Feng YX, Lin YJ, Tian P, Yu XZ. Proline interacts with Ca 2+-dependent signaling to enhance chromium tolerance in rice by manipulating nitrate reductase and sucrose phosphate synthase. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126655. [PMID: 37660866 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
The entrance of chromium (Cr) into the agricultural system would exert a negative influence on the carbon/nitrogen metabolism (CNM) of plants. In this study, we investigated the role of exogenous proline-mediated Ca2+-dependent signaling in the regulation of CNM in rice subjected to Cr(VI) stress, with emphasis on the involvement of nitrate reductase (NR) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS). Results demonstrated that proline effectively mitigated the growth inhibition of rice imposed by Cr(VI) stress, which is achieved by a reduction in cytoplasmic Ca and Cr content and the activation of the downstream Ca2+-dependent signaling pathway. Additionally, proline displayed a positive effect in modulating the expression and activities of NR and SPS under Cr(VI) stress, which are attributed to the cross-regulation between calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) and 14-3-3 proteins (14-3-3s). Consequently, nitrogen use efficiency and sucrose content in rice under Cr(VI) + proline treatments were higher than Cr(VI) treatments. Gene expression variation factors underscored that the regulation of proline on NR is crucial to the Ca2+-dependent signaling pathway, initiated by the interaction between CDPKs and 14-3-3s in rice plants during Cr(VI) stress. These results reveal that proline interacts with Ca2+-dependent signaling pathways to enhance Cr tolerance in rice by regulating NR and SPS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xi Feng
- College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Juan Lin
- College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Tian
- College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Zhang Yu
- College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhu R, Cao B, Sun M, Wu J, Li J. Genome-Wide Identification and Evolution of the GRF Gene Family and Functional Characterization of PbGRF18 in Pear. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14690. [PMID: 37834136 PMCID: PMC10572701 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteins encoded by the G-box regulating factor (GRF, also called 14-3-3) gene family are involved in protein-protein interactions and mediate signaling transduction, which play important roles in plant growth, development, and stress responses. However, there were no detailed investigations of the GRF gene family in pear at present. In this study, we identified 25 GRF family members in the pear genome. Based on a phylogenetic analysis, the 25 GRF genes were clustered into two groups; the ε group and the non-ε group. Analyses of the exon-intron structures and motifs showed that the gene structures were conserved within each of the ε and non-ε groups. Gene duplication analysis indicated that most of the PbGRF gene expansion that occurred in both groups was due to WGD/segmental duplication. Phosphorylation sites analysis showed that the main phosphorylation sites of PbGRF proteins were serine residues. For gene expression, five PbGRF genes (PbGRF7, PbGRF11, PbGRF16, PbGRF21, and PbGRF23) were highly expressed in fruits, and PbGRF18 was highly expressed in all tissues. Further analysis revealed that eight PbGRF genes were significantly differentially expressed after treatment with different sugars; the expression of PbGRF7, PbGRF8, and PbGRF11 significantly increased, implying the involvement of these genes in sugar signaling. In addition, subcellular localization studies showed that the tested GRF proteins localize to the plasma membrane, and transgenic analysis showed that PbGRF18 can increase the sugar content in tomato leaves and fruit. The results of our research establish a foundation for functional determination of PbGRF proteins, and will help to promote a further understanding of the regulatory network in pear fruit development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongxiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China (M.S.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Phytochemicals and Sustainable Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Beibei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China (M.S.)
| | - Manyi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China (M.S.)
| | - Jun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China (M.S.)
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Jiaming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China (M.S.)
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ding Y, Yang H, Wu S, Fu D, Li M, Gong Z, Yang S. CPK28-NLP7 module integrates cold-induced Ca 2+ signal and transcriptional reprogramming in Arabidopsis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn7901. [PMID: 35767615 PMCID: PMC9242591 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn7901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to cold triggers a spike in cytosolic calcium (Ca2+) that often leads to transcriptional reprogramming in plants. However, how this Ca2+ signal is perceived and relayed to the downstream cold signaling pathway remains unknown. Here, we show that the CALCIUM-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE 28 (CPK28) initiates a phosphorylation cascade to specify transcriptional reprogramming downstream of cold-induced Ca2+ signal. Plasma membrane (PM)-localized CPK28 is activated rapidly upon cold shock within 10 seconds in a Ca2+-dependent manner. CPK28 then phosphorylates and promotes the nuclear translocation of NIN-LIKE PROTEIN 7 (NLP7), a transcription factor that specifies the transcriptional reprogramming of cold-responsive gene sets in response to Ca2+, thereby positively regulating plant response to cold stress. This study elucidates a previously unidentified mechanism by which the CPK28-NLP7 regulatory module integrates cold-evoked Ca2+ signal and transcriptome and thus uncovers a key strategy for the rapid perception and transduction of cold signals from the PM to the nucleus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanglin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shifeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Diyi Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Minze Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhizhong Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- School of Life Science, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
| | - Shuhua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu X, Zhou Y, Du M, Liang X, Fan F, Huang G, Zou Y, Bai J, Lu D. The calcium-dependent protein kinase CPK28 is targeted by the ubiquitin ligases ATL31 and ATL6 for proteasome-mediated degradation to fine-tune immune signaling in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:679-697. [PMID: 34599338 PMCID: PMC8774090 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koab242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Immune responses are triggered when pattern recognition receptors recognize microbial molecular patterns. The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase BOTRYTIS-INDUCED KINASE1 (BIK1) acts as a signaling hub of plant immunity. BIK1 homeostasis is maintained by a regulatory module in which CALCIUM-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE28 (CPK28) regulates BIK1 turnover via the activities of two E3 ligases. Immune-induced alternative splicing of CPK28 attenuates CPK28 function. However, it remained unknown whether CPK28 is under proteasomal control. Here, we demonstrate that CPK28 undergoes ubiquitination and 26S proteasome-mediated degradation, which is enhanced by flagellin treatment. Two closely related ubiquitin ligases, ARABIDOPSIS TÓXICOS EN LEVADURA31 (ATL31) and ATL6, specifically interact with CPK28 at the plasma membrane; this association is enhanced by flagellin elicitation. ATL31/6 directly ubiquitinate CPK28, resulting in its proteasomal degradation. Furthermore, ATL31/6 promotes the stability of BIK1 by mediating CPK28 degradation. Consequently, ATL31/6 positively regulate BIK1-mediated immunity. Our findings reveal another mechanism for attenuating CPK28 function to maintain BIK1 homeostasis and enhance immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050021, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050021, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mingshuo Du
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050021, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Xuelian Liang
- Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Fenggui Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050021, China
| | - Guozhong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050021, China
| | - Yanmin Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050021, China
| | - Jiaojiao Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050021, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dongping Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050021, China
- Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yip Delormel T, Avila-Ospina L, Davanture M, Zivy M, Lang J, Valentin N, Rayapuram N, Hirt H, Colcombet J, Boudsocq M. In vivo identification of putative CPK5 substrates in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 314:111121. [PMID: 34895550 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.111121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Calcium signaling mediates most developmental processes and stress responses in plants. Among plant calcium sensors, the calcium-dependent protein kinases display a unique structure harboring both calcium sensing and kinase responding activities. AtCPK5 is an essential member of this family in Arabidopsis that regulates immunity and abiotic stress tolerance. To understand the underlying molecular mechanisms, we implemented a biochemical approach to identify in vivo substrates of AtCPK5. We generated transgenic lines expressing a constitutively active form of AtCPK5 under the control of a dexamethasone-inducible promoter. Lines expressing a kinase-dead version were used as a negative control. By comparing the phosphoproteome of the kinase-active and kinase-dead lines upon dexamethasone treatment, we identified 5 phosphopeptides whose abundance increased specifically in the kinase-active lines. Importantly, we showed that all 5 proteins were phosphorylated in vitro by AtCPK5 in a calcium-dependent manner, suggesting that they are direct targets of AtCPK5. We also detected several interaction patterns between the kinase and the candidates in the cytosol, membranes or nucleus, consistent with the ubiquitous localization of AtCPK5. Finally, we further validated the two phosphosites S245 and S280 targeted by AtCPK5 in the E3 ubiquitin ligase ATL31. Altogether, those results open new perspectives to decipher AtCPK5 biological functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Yip Delormel
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Univ Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91405, Orsay, France; Université de Paris, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91405, Orsay, France.
| | - Liliana Avila-Ospina
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Univ Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91405, Orsay, France; Université de Paris, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91405, Orsay, France.
| | - Marlène Davanture
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Génétique Quantitative et Évolution (GQE) - Le Moulon, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Michel Zivy
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Génétique Quantitative et Évolution (GQE) - Le Moulon, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Julien Lang
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Univ Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91405, Orsay, France; Université de Paris, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91405, Orsay, France.
| | - Nicolas Valentin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Univ Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91405, Orsay, France; Université de Paris, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91405, Orsay, France.
| | - Naganand Rayapuram
- Center for Desert Agriculture, 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Heribert Hirt
- Center for Desert Agriculture, 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Jean Colcombet
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Univ Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91405, Orsay, France; Université de Paris, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91405, Orsay, France.
| | - Marie Boudsocq
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Univ Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91405, Orsay, France; Université de Paris, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91405, Orsay, France.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Quantitative Phosphoproteomics of cipk3/ 9/ 23/ 26 Mutant and Wild Type in Arabidopsis thaliana. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12111759. [PMID: 34828365 PMCID: PMC8623713 DOI: 10.3390/genes12111759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
CBL-interacting protein kinases 3/9/23/26 (CIPK3/9/23/26) are central regulation components of magnesium ion homeostasis. CBL2/3 interacts with CIPK3/9/23/26, which phosphorylates their downstream targets, suggesting that protein phosphorylation is a key factor influencing the maintenance of cellular magnesium homeostasis in higher plants. The cipk3/9/23/26 quadruple mutant is very sensitive to high levels of magnesium. In this study, TMT quantitative phosphoproteomics were used to compare the global variations in phosphoproteins in wild type and cipk3/9/23/26 quadruple mutant seedlings of Arabidopsis thaliana, and 12,506 phosphorylation modification sites on 4537 proteins were identified, of which 773 phosphorylated proteins exhibited significant variations at the phosphorylation level under magnesium sensitivity. Subsequently, we used bioinformatics methods to systematically annotate and analyze the data. Certain transporters and signaling components that could be associated with magnesium sensitivity, such as ATP-binding cassette transporters and mitogen-activated protein kinases, were identified. The results of this study further our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of CIPK3/9/23/26 in mediating magnesium homeostasis.
Collapse
|
10
|
Bredow M, Monaghan J. Differential regulation of the calcium-dependent protein kinase CPK28 by site-specific modification. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 186:1358-1361. [PMID: 34624107 PMCID: PMC8260116 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A protein kinase with roles in immune homeostasis and stem elongation is regulated by site-specific phosphorylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Bredow
- Department of Biology, Queen’s University, Kingston ON, K7L 3N6
- Present address: Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames Iowa, 50011, USA
| | - Jacqueline Monaghan
- Department of Biology, Queen’s University, Kingston ON, K7L 3N6
- Author for communication:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bredow M, Bender KW, Johnson Dingee A, Holmes DR, Thomson A, Ciren D, Tanney CAS, Dunning KE, Trujillo M, Huber SC, Monaghan J. Phosphorylation-dependent subfunctionalization of the calcium-dependent protein kinase CPK28. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2024272118. [PMID: 33941701 PMCID: PMC8126791 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2024272118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+)-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs or CPKs) are a unique family of Ca2+ sensor/kinase-effector proteins with diverse functions in plants. In Arabidopsis thaliana, CPK28 contributes to immune homeostasis by promoting degradation of the key immune signaling receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase BOTRYTIS-INDUCED KINASE 1 (BIK1) and additionally functions in vegetative-to-reproductive stage transition. How CPK28 controls these seemingly disparate pathways is unknown. Here, we identify a single phosphorylation site in the kinase domain of CPK28 (Ser318) that is differentially required for its function in immune homeostasis and stem elongation. We show that CPK28 undergoes intermolecular autophosphorylation on Ser318 and can additionally be transphosphorylated on this residue by BIK1. Analysis of several other phosphorylation sites demonstrates that Ser318 phosphorylation is uniquely required to prime CPK28 for Ca2+ activation at physiological concentrations of Ca2+, possibly through stabilization of the Ca2+-bound active state as indicated by intrinsic fluorescence experiments. Together, our data indicate that phosphorylation of Ser318 is required for the activation of CPK28 at low intracellular [Ca2+] to prevent initiation of an immune response in the absence of infection. By comparison, phosphorylation of Ser318 is not required for stem elongation, indicating pathway-specific requirements for phosphorylation-based Ca2+-sensitivity priming. We additionally provide evidence for a conserved function for Ser318 phosphorylation in related group IV CDPKs, which holds promise for biotechnological applications by generating CDPK alleles that enhance resistance to microbial pathogens without consequences to yield.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Bredow
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Kyle W Bender
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Integrative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
| | | | - Danalyn R Holmes
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Alysha Thomson
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Danielle Ciren
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Cailun A S Tanney
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Katherine E Dunning
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Marco Trujillo
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Steven C Huber
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Integrative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Liu J, Cao S, Ding G, Wang B, Li Y, Zhao Y, Shao Q, Feng J, Liu S, Qin L, Xiao Y. The role of 14-3-3 proteins in cell signalling pathways and virus infection. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:4173-4182. [PMID: 33793048 PMCID: PMC8093981 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
14-3-3 proteins are highly conserved in species ranging from yeast to mammals and regulate numerous signalling pathways via direct interactions with proteins carrying phosphorylated 14-3-3-binding motifs. Recent studies have shown that 14-3-3 proteins can also play a role in viral infections. This review summarizes the biological functions of 14-3-3 proteins in protein trafficking, cell-cycle control, apoptosis, autophagy and other cell signal transduction pathways, as well as the associated mechanisms. Recent findings regarding the role of 14-3-3 proteins in viral infection and innate immunity are also reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Liu
- Department of Fundamental Veterinary MedicineCollege of Animal Science and Veterinary MedicineShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and PreventionShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’anChina
| | - Shengliang Cao
- Department of Fundamental Veterinary MedicineCollege of Animal Science and Veterinary MedicineShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and PreventionShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’anChina
| | - Guofei Ding
- Department of Fundamental Veterinary MedicineCollege of Animal Science and Veterinary MedicineShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and PreventionShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’anChina
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Fundamental Veterinary MedicineCollege of Animal Science and Veterinary MedicineShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and PreventionShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’anChina
| | - Yingchao Li
- Department of Fundamental Veterinary MedicineCollege of Animal Science and Veterinary MedicineShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and PreventionShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’anChina
| | - Yuzhong Zhao
- Department of Fundamental Veterinary MedicineCollege of Animal Science and Veterinary MedicineShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and PreventionShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’anChina
| | - Qingyuan Shao
- Department of Fundamental Veterinary MedicineCollege of Animal Science and Veterinary MedicineShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and PreventionShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’anChina
| | - Jian Feng
- Department of Fundamental Veterinary MedicineCollege of Animal Science and Veterinary MedicineShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and PreventionShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’anChina
| | - Sidang Liu
- Department of Fundamental Veterinary MedicineCollege of Animal Science and Veterinary MedicineShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and PreventionShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’anChina
| | - Liting Qin
- Shandong New Hope Liuhe Group Co., Ltd.QingdaoChina
- Qingdao Jiazhi Biotechnology Co., Ltd.QingdaoChina
| | - Yihong Xiao
- Department of Fundamental Veterinary MedicineCollege of Animal Science and Veterinary MedicineShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and PreventionShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’anChina
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sciorra MD, Fantino E, Grossi CEM, Ulloa RM. Characterization of two group III potato CDPKs, StCDPK22 and StCDPK24, that contain three EF-Hand motifs in their CLDs. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 162:716-729. [PMID: 33799183 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Four members of the potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) family StCDPK22/23/24 and StCDPK27, present three functional EF-hands motifs in their calmodulin-like domain (CLD). StCDPK22/23/24 are clustered in clade III-b1 with tomato and Arabidopsis CDPKs that lack the first EF-hand motif, while StCDPK27 is clustered in clade III-b3 with CDPKs that lack EF-hand 2. Members of each clade share similar intron-exon structures and acylation profiles. 3D model predictions suggested that StCDPK22 and StCDPK24 are active kinases that undergo a conformational switch in the presence of Ca2+ even when lacking one functional EF-hand motif; however, assays performed with recombinant proteins indicated that StCDPK24:6xHis was active in all the conditions tested, and its activity was enhanced in the presence of Ca2+, but StCDPK22:6xHis had scarce or null activity. Both kinases share with AtCPK8 the same autophosphorylation pattern in the autoinhibitory (AD) and C-terminal variable (CTV) domains, suggesting that it could be a characteristic of clade III-b1. RT-qPCR analysis revealed that StCDPK22 is mainly expressed in early stages of tuberization, but not limited to, while StCDPK24 expression is more ubiquitous. In silico analysis predicted several abiotic stress-responsive elements in its promoters. Accordingly, StCDPK24 expression peaked at 10 h in in vitro plants exposed to salt shock and then declined. Moreover, a significant increase was observed at 2 h in stems of salt-treated greenhouse plants, suggesting that this CDPK could participate in the early events of the signaling cascade triggered in response to salt.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Daniel Sciorra
- Laboratorio de Transducción de Señales en Plantas, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular (INGEBI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (C.A.B.A.), Argentina
| | - Elisa Fantino
- Laboratorio de Transducción de Señales en Plantas, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular (INGEBI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (C.A.B.A.), Argentina
| | - Cecilia Eugenia María Grossi
- Laboratorio de Transducción de Señales en Plantas, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular (INGEBI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (C.A.B.A.), Argentina
| | - Rita María Ulloa
- Laboratorio de Transducción de Señales en Plantas, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular (INGEBI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (C.A.B.A.), Argentina; Departamento de Química Biológica, UBA, C.A.B.A, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yang H, You C, Yang S, Zhang Y, Yang F, Li X, Chen N, Luo Y, Hu X. The Role of Calcium/Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinases Signal Pathway in Pollen Tube Growth. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:633293. [PMID: 33767718 PMCID: PMC7985351 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.633293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Pollen tube (PT) growth as a key step for successful fertilization is essential for angiosperm survival and especially vital for grain yield in cereals. The process of PT growth is regulated by many complex and delicate signaling pathways. Among them, the calcium/calcium-dependent protein kinases (Ca2+/CPKs) signal pathway has become one research focus, as Ca2+ ion is a well-known essential signal molecule for PT growth, which can be instantly sensed and transduced by CPKs to control myriad biological processes. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in understanding the Ca2+/CPKs signal pathway governing PT growth. We also discuss how this pathway regulates PT growth and how reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cyclic nucleotide are integrated by Ca2+ signaling networks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat & Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chen You
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Shaoyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat & Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat & Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Biology, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Xue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat & Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ning Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat & Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanmin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat & Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiuli Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat & Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chang L, Tong Z, Peng C, Wang D, Kong H, Yang Q, Luo M, Guo A, Xu B. Genome-wide analysis and phosphorylation sites identification of the 14-3-3 gene family and functional characterization of MeGRF3 in cassava. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2020; 169:244-257. [PMID: 32020618 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The biological functionality of many members of the 14-3-3 gene family is regulated via phosphorylation at multiple amino acid residues. The specific phosphorylation-mediated regulation of these proteins during cassava root tuberization, however, is not well understood. In this study, 15 different 14-3-3 genes (designated MeGRF1 - 15) were identified within the cassava genome. Based upon evolutionary conservation and structural analyses, these cassava 14-3-3 proteins were grouped into ε and non-ε clusters. We found these 15 MeGRF genes to be unevenly distributed across the eight cassava chromosomes. When comparing the expression of these genes during different developmental stages, we found that three of these genes (MeGRF9, 12 and 15) were overexpressed at all developmental stages at 75, 104, 135, 182 and 267 days post-planting relative to the fibrous root stage, whereas two (MeGRF5 and 7) were downregulated during these same points. In addition, the expression of most MeGRF genes changed significantly in the early and middle stages of root tuberization. This suggests that these different MeGRF genes likely play distinct regulatory roles during cassava root tuberization. Subsequently, 18 phosphorylated amino acid residues were detected on nine of these MeGRF proteins. A phosphomimetic mutation at serine-65 in MeGRF3 in Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) slightly influenced starch metabolism in these plants, and significantly affected the role of MeGRF3 in salt stress responses. Together these results indicate that 14-3-3 genes play key roles in responses to abiotic stress and the regulation of starch metabolism, offering valuable insights into the functions of these genes in cassava.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Chang
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
- Hainan Academy of Tropical Agricultural Resource, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
| | - Zheng Tong
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
- Hainan Academy of Tropical Agricultural Resource, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
| | - Cunzhi Peng
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
- Hainan Academy of Tropical Agricultural Resource, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
- Hainan Academy of Tropical Agricultural Resource, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
| | - Hua Kong
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
- Hainan Academy of Tropical Agricultural Resource, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
- Hainan Academy of Tropical Agricultural Resource, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
| | - Minghua Luo
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
- Hainan Academy of Tropical Agricultural Resource, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
| | - Anping Guo
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
- Hainan Academy of Tropical Agricultural Resource, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
| | - Bingqiang Xu
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
- Hainan Academy of Tropical Agricultural Resource, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
- Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Duscha K, Martins Rodrigues C, Müller M, Wartenberg R, Fliegel L, Deitmer JW, Jung M, Zimmermann R, Neuhaus HE. 14-3-3 Proteins and Other Candidates form Protein-Protein Interactions with the Cytosolic C-terminal End of SOS1 Affecting Its Transport Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093334. [PMID: 32397251 PMCID: PMC7246916 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The plasma membrane transporter SOS1 (SALT-OVERLY SENSITIVE1) is vital for plant survival under salt stress. SOS1 activity is tightly regulated, but little is known about the underlying mechanism. SOS1 contains a cytosolic, autoinhibitory C-terminal tail (abbreviated as SOS1 C-term), which is targeted by the protein kinase SOS2 to trigger its transport activity. Here, to identify additional binding proteins that regulate SOS1 activity, we synthesized the SOS1 C-term domain and used it as bait to probe Arabidopsis thaliana cell extracts. Several 14-3-3 proteins, which function in plant salt tolerance, specifically bound to and interacted with the SOS1 C-term. Compared to wild-type plants, when exposed to salt stress, Arabidopsis plants overexpressing SOS1 C-term showed improved salt tolerance, significantly reduced Na+ accumulation in leaves, reduced induction of the salt-responsive gene WRKY25, decreased soluble sugar, starch, and proline levels, less impaired inflorescence formation and increased biomass. It appears that overexpressing SOS1 C-term leads to the sequestration of inhibitory 14-3-3 proteins, allowing SOS1 to be more readily activated and leading to increased salt tolerance. We propose that the SOS1 C-term binds to previously unknown proteins such as 14-3-3 isoforms, thereby regulating salt tolerance. This finding uncovers another regulatory layer of the plant salt tolerance program.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Duscha
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Str., D-67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany; (K.D.); (C.M.R.); (M.M.); (R.W.)
| | - Cristina Martins Rodrigues
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Str., D-67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany; (K.D.); (C.M.R.); (M.M.); (R.W.)
| | - Maria Müller
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Str., D-67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany; (K.D.); (C.M.R.); (M.M.); (R.W.)
| | - Ruth Wartenberg
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Str., D-67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany; (K.D.); (C.M.R.); (M.M.); (R.W.)
| | - Larry Fliegel
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, 347 Medical Sciences Building, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada;
| | - Joachim W. Deitmer
- Department of Zoology, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Str., D-67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany;
| | - Martin Jung
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty, Saarland University, D-66421 Homburg, Germany; (M.J.); (R.Z.)
| | - Richard Zimmermann
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty, Saarland University, D-66421 Homburg, Germany; (M.J.); (R.Z.)
| | - H. Ekkehard Neuhaus
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Str., D-67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany; (K.D.); (C.M.R.); (M.M.); (R.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-631-2052372; Fax: +49-631-205-2600
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Durian G, Sedaghatmehr M, Matallana-Ramirez LP, Schilling SM, Schaepe S, Guerra T, Herde M, Witte CP, Mueller-Roeber B, Schulze WX, Balazadeh S, Romeis T. Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase CPK1 Controls Cell Death by In Vivo Phosphorylation of Senescence Master Regulator ORE1. THE PLANT CELL 2020; 32:1610-1625. [PMID: 32111670 PMCID: PMC7203915 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.19.00810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Calcium-regulated protein kinases are key components of intracellular signaling in plants that mediate rapid stress-induced responses to changes in the environment. To identify in vivo phosphorylation substrates of CALCIUM-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE1 (CPK1), we analyzed the conditional expression of constitutively active CPK1 in conjunction with in vivo phosphoproteomics. We identified Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) ORESARA1 (ORE1), the developmental master regulator of senescence, as a direct CPK1 phosphorylation substrate. CPK1 phosphorylates ORE1 at a hotspot within an intrinsically disordered region. This augments transcriptional activation by ORE1 of its downstream target gene BIFUNCTIONAL NUCLEASE1 (BFN1). Plants that overexpress ORE1, but not an ORE1 variant lacking the CPK1 phosphorylation hotspot, promote early senescence. Furthermore, ORE1 is required for enhanced cell death induced by CPK1 signaling. Our data validate the use of conditional expression of an active enzyme combined with phosphoproteomics to decipher specific kinase target proteins of low abundance, of transient phosphorylation, or in yet-undescribed biological contexts. Here, we have identified that senescence is not just under molecular surveillance manifested by stringent gene regulatory control over ORE1 In addition, the decision to die is superimposed by an additional layer of control toward ORE1 via its posttranslational modification linked to the calcium-regulatory network through CPK1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guido Durian
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- University of Turku, Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Mastoureh Sedaghatmehr
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Cooperative Research Group, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Lilian P Matallana-Ramirez
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Cooperative Research Group, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Silke M Schilling
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sieke Schaepe
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Marco Herde
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Claus-Peter Witte
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Mueller-Roeber
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Waltraud X Schulze
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Department of Metabolic Networks, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Salma Balazadeh
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Cooperative Research Group, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Tina Romeis
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Department Biochemistry of Plant Interactions, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yip Delormel T, Boudsocq M. Properties and functions of calcium-dependent protein kinases and their relatives in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 224:585-604. [PMID: 31369160 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Calcium is a ubiquitous second messenger that mediates plant responses to developmental and environmental cues. Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are key actors of plant signaling that convey calcium signals into physiological responses by phosphorylating various substrates including ion channels, transcription factors and metabolic enzymes. This large diversity of targets confers pivotal roles of CDPKs in shoot and root development, pollen tube growth, stomatal movements, hormonal signaling, transcriptional reprogramming and stress tolerance. On the one hand, specificity in CDPK signaling is achieved by differential calcium sensitivities, expression patterns, subcellular localizations and substrates. On the other hand, CDPKs also target some common substrates to ensure key cellular processes indispensable for plant growth and survival in adverse environmental conditions. In addition, the CDPK-related protein kinases (CRKs) might be closer to some CDPKs than previously anticipated and could contribute to calcium signaling despite their inability to bind calcium. This review highlights the regulatory properties of Arabidopsis CDPKs and CRKs that coordinate their multifaceted functions in development, immunity and abiotic stress responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Yip Delormel
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université d'Evry Val d'Essonne, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marie Boudsocq
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université d'Evry Val d'Essonne, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Phosphorylation of 14-3-3ζ links YAP transcriptional activation to hypoxic glycolysis for tumorigenesis. Oncogenesis 2019; 8:31. [PMID: 31076568 PMCID: PMC6510816 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-019-0143-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic microenvironment deregulates metabolic homeostasis in cancer cells albeit the underlying mechanisms involved in this process remain hitherto enigmatic. 14-3-3ζ/Yes-associated protein (YAP) axis plays a principal role in malignant transformation and tumor development. Here, we report that hypoxia disassembles 14-3-3ζ from YAP and thereby promotes YAP nuclear localization mediated by ERK2, which directly binds to the D-site of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) docking domain in 14-3-3ζ Leu98/100 and phosphorylates 14-3-3ζ at Ser37. When localizing in nucleus, YAP recruits at pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) gene promoter with hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), for which PKM2 transcription is required. 14-3-3ζ Ser37 phosphorylation is instrumental for the hypoxia-induced glucose uptake, lactate production, and clonogenicity of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells, as well as tumorigenesis in mice. The 14-3-3ζ Ser37 phosphorylation positively correlates with p-ERK1/2 activity and HIF-1α expression in clinical samples from patients with PDAC and predicts unfavorable prognosis. Our findings underscore an appreciable linkage between YAP transcriptional activation and hypoxic glycolysis governed by ERK2-dependent 14-3-3ζ Ser37 phosphorylation for malignant progression of PDAC.
Collapse
|
20
|
Bredow M, Monaghan J. Regulation of Plant Immune Signaling by Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinases. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2019; 32:6-19. [PMID: 30299213 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-09-18-0267-fi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Activation of Ca2+ signaling is a universal response to stress that allows cells to quickly respond to environmental cues. Fluctuations in cytosolic Ca2+ are decoded in plants by Ca2+-sensing proteins such as Ca2+-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs). The perception of microbes results in an influx of Ca2+ that activates numerous CDPKs responsible for propagating immune signals required for resistance against disease-causing pathogens. This review describes our current understanding of CDPK activation and regulation, and provides a comprehensive overview of CDPK-mediated immune signaling through interaction with various substrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Bredow
- Biology Department, Queen's University, Kingston ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ito T, Ishida S, Takahashi Y. Autophosphorylation of Ser-6 via an intermolecular mechanism is important for the rapid reduction of NtCDPK1 kinase activity for substrate RSG. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196357. [PMID: 29684069 PMCID: PMC5912773 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) Ca2+-dependent protein kinase 1 (NtCDPK1) is involved in feedback regulation of the plant hormone gibberellin through the phosphorylation of the transcription factor, REPRESSION OF SHOOT GROWTH (RSG). Previously, Ser-6 and Thr-21 were identified as autophosphorylation sites in NtCDPK1. Autophosphorylation of Ser-6 and Thr-21 not only decreases the binding affinity of NtCDPK1 for RSG, but also inhibits the homodimerization of NtCDPK1. Furthermore, autophosphorylation decreases the phosphorylation efficiency of RSG. We demonstrated that Ser-6 and Thr-21 of NtCDPK1 are phosphorylated in response to GAs in plants. The substitution of these autophosphorylation sites with Ala enhances the NtCDPK1 overexpression-induced sensitization of seeds to a GA biosynthetic inhibitor during germination. These findings suggested that autophosphorylation of Ser-6 and Thr-21 prevents excessive phosphorylation of RSG. In this study, we attempted to determine which autophosphorylation site is responsible for the functional regulation of NtCDPK1. Ser-6 was autophosphorylated within 1 min, whereas Thr-21 required over 5 min to be completely autophosphorylated. Furthermore, we found that Ser-6 and Thr-21 were autophosphorylated by inter- and intramolecular mechanisms, respectively, which may be reflected in the faster autophosphorylation of Ser-6. Although both autophosphorylation sites were involved in the reduction of the binding affinity of NtCDPK1 for RSG and the inhibition of NtCDPK1 homodimerization, autophosphorylation of Ser-6 alone was sufficient to decrease the kinase activity of NtCDPK1 for RSG. These results suggest that autophosphorylation of Ser-6 is important for the rapid reduction of NtCDPK1 kinase activity for RSG, whereas that of Thr-21 may play an auxiliary role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Ito
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Sarahmi Ishida
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yohsuke Takahashi
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
van Kleeff PJM, Gao J, Mol S, Zwart N, Zhang H, Li KW, de Boer AH. The Arabidopsis GORK K +-channel is phosphorylated by calcium-dependent protein kinase 21 (CPK21), which in turn is activated by 14-3-3 proteins. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 125:219-231. [PMID: 29475088 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Potassium (K+) is a vital ion for many processes in the plant and fine-tuned ion channels control the K+-fluxes across the plasma membrane. GORK is an outward-rectifying K+-channel with important functions in stomatal closure and in root K+-homeostasis. In this study, post-translational modification of the Arabidopsis GORK ion channel and its regulation by 14-3-3 proteins was investigated. To investigate the possible interaction between GORK and 14-3-3s an in vivo pull-down from an Arabidopsis protein extract with recombinant GORK C-terminus (GORK-C) indeed identified endogenous 14-3-3s (LAMBDA, CHI, NU) as binding partners in a phosphorylation dependent manner. However, a direct interaction between 14-3-3's and GORK-C could not be demonstrated. Since the pull-down of 14-3-3s was phosphorylation dependent, we determined GORK-C as substrate for CPK21 phosphorylation and identified three CPK21 phospho-sites in the GORK protein (T344, S518 and S649). Moreover, interaction of 14-3-3 to CPK21 strongly stimulates its kinase activity; an effect that can result in increased GORK phosphorylation and change in activity. Using the non-invasive vibrating probe technique, we measured the predominantly GORK mediated salt induced K+-efflux from wild-type, gork, cpk21, aha2 and 14-3-3 mutant roots. The mutants cpk21 and aha2 did not show statistical significant differences compared to WT. However, two (out of six) 14-3-3 isoforms, CHI and PHI, have a clear function in the salt induced K+-efflux. In conclusion, our results show that GORK can be phosphorylated by CPK21 and suggest that 14-3-3 proteins control GORK activity through binding with and activation of CPK21.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P J M van Kleeff
- Department of Structural Biology, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - J Gao
- Department of Structural Biology, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - S Mol
- Department of Structural Biology, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - N Zwart
- Department of Structural Biology, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - H Zhang
- Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Utrecht University - H.R. Kruyt gebouw, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - K W Li
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - A H de Boer
- Department of Structural Biology, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Revisiting paradigms of Ca2+ signaling protein kinase regulation in plants. Biochem J 2018; 475:207-223. [DOI: 10.1042/bcj20170022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) serves as a universal second messenger in eukaryotic signal transduction. Understanding the Ca2+ activation kinetics of Ca2+ sensors is critical to understanding the cellular signaling mechanisms involved. In this review, we discuss the regulatory properties of two sensor classes: the Ca2+-dependent protein kinases (CPKs/CDPKs) and the calcineurin B-like (CBL) proteins that control the activity of CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) and identify emerging topics and some foundational points that are not well established experimentally. Most plant CPKs are activated by physiologically relevant Ca2+ concentrations except for those with degenerate EF hands, and new results suggest that the Ca2+-dependence of kinase activation may be modulated by both protein–protein interactions and CPK autophosphorylation. Early results indicated that activation of plant CPKs by Ca2+ occurred by relief of autoinhibition. However, recent studies of protist CDPKs suggest that intramolecular interactions between CDPK domains contribute allosteric control to CDPK activation. Further studies are required to elucidate the mechanisms regulating plant CPKs. With CBL–CIPKs, the two major activation mechanisms are thought to be (i) binding of Ca2+-bound CBL to the CIPK and (ii) phosphorylation of residues in the CIPK activation loop. However, the relative importance of these two mechanisms in regulating CIPK activity is unclear. Furthermore, information detailing activation by physiologically relevant [Ca2+] is lacking, such that the paradigm of CBLs as Ca2+ sensors still requires critical, experimental validation. Developing models of CPK and CIPK regulation is essential to understand how these kinases mediate Ca2+ signaling and to the design of experiments to test function in vivo.
Collapse
|
24
|
Chen Y, Zhou X, Chang S, Chu Z, Wang H, Han S, Wang Y. Calcium-dependent protein kinase 21 phosphorylates 14-3-3 proteins in response to ABA signaling and salt stress in rice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 493:1450-1456. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.09.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
25
|
Almadanim MC, Gonçalves NM, Rosa MTG, Alexandre BM, Cordeiro AM, Rodrigues M, Saibo NJM, Soares CM, Romão CV, Oliveira MM, Abreu IA. The rice cold-responsive calcium-dependent protein kinase OsCPK17 is regulated by alternative splicing and post-translational modifications. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017; 1865:231-246. [PMID: 29100789 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Plant calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are key proteins implicated in calcium-mediated signaling pathways of a wide range of biological events in the organism. The action of each particular CDPK is strictly regulated by many mechanisms in order to ensure an accurate signal translation and the activation of the adequate response processes. In this work, we investigated the regulation of a CDPK involved in rice cold stress response, OsCPK17, to better understand its mode of action. We identified two new alternative splicing (AS) mRNA forms of OsCPK17 encoding truncated versions of the protein, missing the CDPK activation domain. We analyzed the expression patterns of all AS variants in rice tissues and examined their subcellular localization in onion epidermal cells. The results indicate that the AS of OsCPK17 putatively originates truncated forms of the protein with distinct functions, and different subcellular and tissue distributions. Additionally, we addressed the regulation of OsCPK17 by post-translational modifications in several in vitro experiments. Our analysis indicated that OsCPK17 activity depends on its structural rearrangement induced by calcium binding, and that the protein can be autophosphorylated. The identified phosphorylation sites mostly populate the OsCPK17 N-terminal domain. Exceptions are phosphosites T107 and S136 in the kinase domain and S558 in the C-terminal domain. These phosphosites seem conserved in CDPKs and may reflect a common regulatory mechanism for this protein family.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Cecília Almadanim
- ITQB-NOVA, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Nuno M Gonçalves
- ITQB-NOVA, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Margarida T G Rosa
- ITQB-NOVA, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Bruno M Alexandre
- IBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - André M Cordeiro
- ITQB-NOVA, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Mafalda Rodrigues
- ITQB-NOVA, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Nelson J M Saibo
- ITQB-NOVA, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal; IBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Cláudio M Soares
- ITQB-NOVA, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Célia V Romão
- ITQB-NOVA, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - M Margarida Oliveira
- ITQB-NOVA, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal; IBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Isabel A Abreu
- ITQB-NOVA, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal; IBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ormancey M, Thuleau P, Mazars C, Cotelle V. CDPKs and 14-3-3 Proteins: Emerging Duo in Signaling. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 22:263-272. [PMID: 28065409 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are Ca2+-sensors that play pivotal roles in plant development and stress responses. They have the unique ability to directly translate intracellular Ca2+ signals into reversible phosphorylation events of diverse substrates which can mediate interactions with 14-3-3 proteins to modulate protein functions. Recent studies have revealed roles for the coordinated action of CDPKs and 14-3-3s in regulating diverse aspects of plant biology including metabolism, development, and stress responses. We review here the underlying interaction and cross-regulation of the two signaling proteins, and we discuss how this insight has led to the emerging concept of CDPK/14-3-3 signaling modules that could contribute to response specificity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Ormancey
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, Auzeville, BP 42617, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Patrice Thuleau
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, Auzeville, BP 42617, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Christian Mazars
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, Auzeville, BP 42617, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Valérie Cotelle
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, Auzeville, BP 42617, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Bender KW, Blackburn RK, Monaghan J, Derbyshire P, Menke FLH, Zipfel C, Goshe MB, Zielinski RE, Huber SC. Autophosphorylation-based Calcium (Ca 2+) Sensitivity Priming and Ca 2+/Calmodulin Inhibition of Arabidopsis thaliana Ca 2+-dependent Protein Kinase 28 (CPK28). J Biol Chem 2017; 292:3988-4002. [PMID: 28154194 PMCID: PMC5354511 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.763243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant calcium (Ca2+)-dependent protein kinases (CPKs) represent the primary Ca2+-dependent protein kinase activities in plant systems. CPKs are composed of a dual specificity (Ser/Thr and Tyr) kinase domain tethered to a calmodulin-like domain (CLD) via an autoinhibitory junction (J). Although regulation of CPKs by Ca2+ has been extensively studied, the contribution of autophosphorylation in controlling CPK activity is less well understood. Furthermore, whether calmodulin (CaM) contributes to CPK regulation, as is the case for Ca2+/CaM-dependent protein kinases outside the plant lineage, remains an open question. We therefore screened a subset of plant CPKs for CaM binding and found that CPK28 is a high affinity Ca2+/CaM-binding protein. Using synthetic peptides and native gel electrophoresis, we coarsely mapped the CaM-binding domain to a site within the CPK28 J domain that overlaps with the known site of intramolecular interaction between the J domain and the CLD. Peptide kinase activity of fully dephosphorylated CPK28 was Ca2+-responsive and was inhibited by Ca2+/CaM. Using in situ autophosphorylated protein, we expand on the known set of CPK28 autophosphorylation sites, and we demonstrate that, unexpectedly, autophosphorylated CPK28 had enhanced kinase activity at physiological concentrations of Ca2+ compared with the dephosphorylated protein, suggesting that autophosphorylation functions to prime CPK28 for Ca2+ activation and might also allow CPK28 to remain active when Ca2+ levels are low. Furthermore, CPK28 autophosphorylation substantially reduced sensitivity of the kinase to Ca2+/CaM inhibition. Overall, our analyses uncover new complexities in the control of CPK28 and provide mechanistic support for Ca2+ signaling specificity through Ca2+ sensor priming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle W Bender
- From the Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801,
| | - R Kevin Blackburn
- the Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695
| | | | - Paul Derbyshire
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom, and
| | - Frank L H Menke
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom, and
| | - Cyril Zipfel
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom, and
| | - Michael B Goshe
- the Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695
| | - Raymond E Zielinski
- From the Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801,
| | - Steven C Huber
- From the Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801.,the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Shkryl YN, Veremeichik GN, Makhazen DS, Silantieva SA, Mishchenko NP, Vasileva EA, Fedoreyev SA, Bulgakov VP. Increase of anthraquinone content in Rubia cordifolia cells transformed by native and constitutively active forms of the AtCPK1 gene. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2016; 35:1907-1916. [PMID: 27251124 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-016-2005-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Overexpression of both native and mutant forms of AtCPK1 in Rubia cordifolia cells increased anthraquinone production and transcript abundance of the RcIPPI, RcOSBL, RcOSBS , and RcICS genes to different extents. Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are involved in various cell processes and are regulated by a calcium signal system. CDPKs also function in plant defense against stress factors such as pathogens, temperature, and salinity. In this study, we compared the effect of heterologous expression of two forms of the Arabidopsis AtCPK1 gene, native and constitutively active (Ca(2+)-independent), on anthraquinone production in transgenic Rubia cordifolia cells. Significant qualitative and quantitative differences were found in the content of anthraquinone derivatives in control and AtCPK1-transgenic calli. Expression of the AtCPK1 gene increased anthraquinone production by 3 and 12 times for native and constitutively active forms, respectively, compared with control cells. In addition, we identified and quantified the expression of genes encoding key enzymes of the anthraquinone biosynthesis pathway, including isochorismate synthase (ICS), o-succinylbenzoate synthase (OSBS), o-succinylbenzoate ligase (OSBL), and isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase (IPPi). In all AtCPK1-transgenic cell lines, expression of ICS, OSBS, OSBL, and IPPi increased considerably at 14-15 days of subculture and decreased at the end of cultivation (30 days). The results suggest that both native and constitutively active AtCPK1 forms induced anthraquinone accumulation at the logarithmic growth stage via enhancement of expression of genes involved in the metabolism of anthraquinones or their regulatory mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yury N Shkryl
- Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 Stoletija St., Vladivostok, 690022, Russia.
- Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, 690950, Russia.
| | - G N Veremeichik
- Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 Stoletija St., Vladivostok, 690022, Russia
| | - D S Makhazen
- Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 Stoletija St., Vladivostok, 690022, Russia
| | - S A Silantieva
- Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 Stoletija St., Vladivostok, 690022, Russia
| | - N P Mishchenko
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia
| | - E A Vasileva
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia
| | - S A Fedoreyev
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia
| | - V P Bulgakov
- Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 Stoletija St., Vladivostok, 690022, Russia
- Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, 690950, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Salie MJ, Zhang N, Lancikova V, Xu D, Thelen JJ. A Family of Negative Regulators Targets the Committed Step of de Novo Fatty Acid Biosynthesis. THE PLANT CELL 2016; 28:2312-2325. [PMID: 27559025 PMCID: PMC5059801 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.16.00317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) catalyzes the committed step of de novo fatty acid biosynthesis. In prokaryotes, green algae, and most plants, this enzyme is a heteromeric complex requiring four different subunits for activity. The plant complex is recalcitrant to conventional purification schemes and hence the structure and composition of the full assembly have been unclear. In vivo coimmunoprecipitation using subunit-specific antibodies identified a novel family of proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana annotated as biotin/lipoyl attachment domain containing (BADC) proteins. Results from yeast two-hybrid and coexpression in Escherichia coli confirmed that all three BADC isoforms interact with the two biotin carboxyl carrier protein (BCCP) isoforms of Arabidopsis ACCase. These proteins resemble BCCP subunits but are not biotinylated due to a mutated biotinylation motif. We demonstrate that BADC proteins significantly inhibit ACCase activity in both E. coli and Arabidopsis. Targeted gene silencing of BADC isoform 1 in Arabidopsis significantly increased seed oil content when normalized to either mass or individual seed. We conclude the BADC proteins are ancestral BCCPs that gained a new function as negative regulators of ACCase after initial loss of the biotinylation motif. A functional model is proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Salie
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, Columbia, Missouri 65211
| | - Ning Zhang
- Informatics Institute and Department of Computer Science, University of Missouri-Columbia, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, Columbia, Missouri 65211
| | - Veronika Lancikova
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, Columbia, Missouri 65211
| | - Dong Xu
- Informatics Institute and Department of Computer Science, University of Missouri-Columbia, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, Columbia, Missouri 65211
| | - Jay J Thelen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, Columbia, Missouri 65211
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Simeunovic A, Mair A, Wurzinger B, Teige M. Know where your clients are: subcellular localization and targets of calcium-dependent protein kinases. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:3855-72. [PMID: 27117335 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are at the forefront of decoding transient Ca(2+) signals into physiological responses. They play a pivotal role in many aspects of plant life starting from pollen tube growth, during plant development, and in stress response to senescence and cell death. At the cellular level, Ca(2+) signals have a distinct, narrow distribution, thus requiring a conjoined localization of the decoders. Accordingly, most CDPKs have a distinct subcellular distribution which enables them to 'sense' the local Ca(2+) concentration and to interact specifically with their targets. Here we present a comprehensive overview of identified CDPK targets and discuss them in the context of kinase-substrate specificity and subcellular distribution of the CDPKs. This is particularly relevant for calcium-mediated phosphorylation where different CDPKs, as well as other kinases, were frequently reported to be involved in the regulation of the same target. However, often these studies were not performed in an in situ context. Thus, considering the specific expression patterns, distinct subcellular distribution, and different Ca(2+) affinities of CDPKs will narrow down the number of potential CDPKs for one given target. A number of aspects still remain unresolved, giving rise to pending questions for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Simeunovic
- Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of Vienna, Althanstr. 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Mair
- Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of Vienna, Althanstr. 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard Wurzinger
- Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of Vienna, Althanstr. 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Teige
- Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of Vienna, Althanstr. 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wang X, Chang L, Tong Z, Wang D, Yin Q, Wang D, Jin X, Yang Q, Wang L, Sun Y, Huang Q, Guo A, Peng M. Proteomics Profiling Reveals Carbohydrate Metabolic Enzymes and 14-3-3 Proteins Play Important Roles for Starch Accumulation during Cassava Root Tuberization. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19643. [PMID: 26791570 PMCID: PMC4726164 DOI: 10.1038/srep19643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cassava is one of the most important root crops as a reliable source of food and carbohydrates. Carbohydrate metabolism and starch accumulation in cassava storage root is a cascade process that includes large amounts of proteins and cofactors. Here, comparative proteomics were conducted in cassava root at nine developmental stages. A total of 154 identified proteins were found to be differentially expressed during starch accumulation and root tuberization. Many enzymes involved in starch and sucrose metabolism were significantly up-regulated, and functional classification of the differentially expressed proteins demonstrated that the majority were binding-related enzymes. Many proteins were took part in carbohydrate metabolism to produce energy. Among them, three 14-3-3 isoforms were induced to be clearly phosphorylated during storage root enlargement. Overexpression of a cassava 14-3-3 gene in Arabidopsis thaliana confirmed that the older leaves of these transgenic plants contained higher sugar and starch contents than the wild-type leaves. The 14-3-3 proteins and their binding enzymes may play important roles in carbohydrate metabolism and starch accumulation during cassava root tuberization. These results not only deepened our understanding of the tuberous root proteome, but also uncovered new insights into carbohydrate metabolism and starch accumulation during cassava root enlargement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuchu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China.,College of Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Lili Chang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China.,College of Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Zheng Tong
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China
| | - Dongyang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China.,College of Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Qi Yin
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China.,College of Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China
| | - Xiang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China
| | - Liming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China
| | - Yong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China
| | - Qixing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China
| | - Anping Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China
| | - Ming Peng
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China.,College of Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Wilson RS, Swatek KN, Thelen JJ. Regulation of the Regulators: Post-Translational Modifications, Subcellular, and Spatiotemporal Distribution of Plant 14-3-3 Proteins. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:611. [PMID: 27242818 PMCID: PMC4860396 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
14-3-3 proteins bind to and modulate the activity of phosphorylated proteins that regulate a variety of metabolic processes in eukaryotes. Multiple 14-3-3 isoforms are expressed in most organisms and display redundancy in both sequence and function. Plants contain the largest number of 14-3-3 isoforms. For example, Arabidopsis thaliana contains thirteen 14-3-3 genes, each of which is expressed. Interest in the plant 14-3-3 field has swelled over the past decade, largely due to the vast number of possibilities for 14-3-3 metabolic regulation. As the field progresses, it is essential to understand these proteins' activities at both the spatiotemporal and subcellular levels. This review summarizes current knowledge of 14-3-3 proteins in plants, including 14-3-3 interactions, regulatory functions, isoform specificity, and post-translational modifications. We begin with a historical overview and structural analysis of 14-3-3 proteins, which describes the basic principles of 14-3-3 function, and then discuss interactions and regulatory effects of plant 14-3-3 proteins in specific tissues and subcellular compartments. We conclude with a summary of 14-3-3 phosphorylation and current knowledge of the functional effects of this modification in plants.
Collapse
|
33
|
Qin C, Cheng L, Shen J, Zhang Y, Cao H, Lu D, Shen C. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the 14-3-3 Family Genes in Medicago truncatula. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:320. [PMID: 27047505 PMCID: PMC4801894 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The 14-3-3 gene family, which is conserved in eukaryotes, is involved in protein-protein interactions and mediates signal transduction. However, detailed investigations of the 14-3-3 gene family in Medicago truncatula are largely unknown. In this study, the identification and study of M. truncatula 14-3-3-family genes were performed based on the latest M. truncatula genome. In the M. truncatula genome, 10 14-3-3 family genes were identified, and they can be grouped into ε and non-ε groups. An exon-intron analysis showed that the gene structures are conserved in the same group. The protein structure analysis showed that 14-3-3 proteins in M. truncatula are composed of nine typical antiparallel α-helices. The expression patterns of Mt14-3-3 genes indicated that they are expressed in all tissues. Furthermore, the gene expression levels of Mt14-3-3 under hormone treatment and Sinorhizobium meliloti infection showed that the Mt14-3-3 genes were involve in nodule formation. Our findings lay a solid foundation for further functional studies of 14-3-3 in M. truncatula.
Collapse
|
34
|
Nemoto K, Takemori N, Seki M, Shinozaki K, Sawasaki T. Members of the Plant CRK Superfamily Are Capable of Trans- and Autophosphorylation of Tyrosine Residues. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:16665-77. [PMID: 25969537 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.617274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein phosphorylation on Tyr residues is a key post-translational modification in mammals. In plants, recent studies have identified Tyr-specific protein phosphatase and Tyr-phosphorylated proteins in Arabidopsis by phosphoproteomic screenings, implying that plants have a Tyr phosphorylation signal pathway. However, little is known about the protein kinases (PKs) involved in Tyr phosphorylation in plants. Here, we demonstrate that Arabidopsis calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK/CPK)-related PKs (CRKs) have high Tyr-autophosphorylation activity and that they can phosphorylate Tyr residue(s) on substrate proteins in Arabidopsis. To identify PKs for Tyr phosphorylation, we examined the autophosphorylation activity of 759 PKs using an Arabidopsis protein array based on a wheat cell-free system. In total, we identified 38 PKs with Tyr-autophosphorylation activity. The CRK family was a major protein family identified. A cell-free substrate screening revealed that these CRKs phosphorylate β-tubulin (TBB) 2, TBB7, and certain transcription factors (TFs) such as ethylene response factor 13 (ERF13). All five CRKs tested showed Tyr-auto/trans-phosphorylation activity and especially two CRKs, CRK2 and CRK3, showed a high ERF13 Tyr-phosphorylation activity. A cell-based transient expression assay revealed that Tyr(16/)Tyr(207) sites in ERF13 were phosphorylated by CRK3 and that Tyr phosphorylation of endogenous TBBs occurs in CRK2 overexpressing cells. Furthermore, crk2 and crk3 mutants showed a decrease in the Tyr phosphorylation level of TBBs. These results suggest that CRKs have Tyr kinase activity, and these might be one of the major PKs responsible for protein Tyr phosphorylation in Arabidopsis plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keiichirou Nemoto
- From the Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577 and
| | - Nobuaki Takemori
- From the Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577 and
| | - Motoaki Seki
- the Plant Genomic Network Research Team and CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Kazuo Shinozaki
- the Gene Discovery Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, and
| | - Tatsuya Sawasaki
- From the Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577 and
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Cotelle V, Leonhardt N. 14-3-3 Proteins in Guard Cell Signaling. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:1210. [PMID: 26858725 PMCID: PMC4729941 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.01210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Guard cells are specialized cells located at the leaf surface delimiting pores which control gas exchanges between the plant and the atmosphere. To optimize the CO2 uptake necessary for photosynthesis while minimizing water loss, guard cells integrate environmental signals to adjust stomatal aperture. The size of the stomatal pore is regulated by movements of the guard cells driven by variations in their volume and turgor. As guard cells perceive and transduce a wide array of environmental cues, they provide an ideal system to elucidate early events of plant signaling. Reversible protein phosphorylation events are known to play a crucial role in the regulation of stomatal movements. However, in some cases, phosphorylation alone is not sufficient to achieve complete protein regulation, but is necessary to mediate the binding of interactors that modulate protein function. Among the phosphopeptide-binding proteins, the 14-3-3 proteins are the best characterized in plants. The 14-3-3s are found as multiple isoforms in eukaryotes and have been shown to be involved in the regulation of stomatal movements. In this review, we describe the current knowledge about 14-3-3 roles in the regulation of their binding partners in guard cells: receptors, ion pumps, channels, protein kinases, and some of their substrates. Regulation of these targets by 14-3-3 proteins is discussed and related to their function in guard cells during stomatal movements in response to abiotic or biotic stresses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Cotelle
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPSCastanet-Tolosan, France
- *Correspondence: Valérie Cotelle,
| | - Nathalie Leonhardt
- UMR7265, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Service de Biologie Végétale et de Microbiologie Environnementales, Institut de Biologie Environnementale et Biotechnologie, CNRS–CEA–Université Aix-MarseilleSaint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Cotelle V, Leonhardt N. 14-3-3 Proteins in Guard Cell Signaling. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015. [PMID: 26858725 DOI: 10.3389/fpis.2015.01210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Guard cells are specialized cells located at the leaf surface delimiting pores which control gas exchanges between the plant and the atmosphere. To optimize the CO2 uptake necessary for photosynthesis while minimizing water loss, guard cells integrate environmental signals to adjust stomatal aperture. The size of the stomatal pore is regulated by movements of the guard cells driven by variations in their volume and turgor. As guard cells perceive and transduce a wide array of environmental cues, they provide an ideal system to elucidate early events of plant signaling. Reversible protein phosphorylation events are known to play a crucial role in the regulation of stomatal movements. However, in some cases, phosphorylation alone is not sufficient to achieve complete protein regulation, but is necessary to mediate the binding of interactors that modulate protein function. Among the phosphopeptide-binding proteins, the 14-3-3 proteins are the best characterized in plants. The 14-3-3s are found as multiple isoforms in eukaryotes and have been shown to be involved in the regulation of stomatal movements. In this review, we describe the current knowledge about 14-3-3 roles in the regulation of their binding partners in guard cells: receptors, ion pumps, channels, protein kinases, and some of their substrates. Regulation of these targets by 14-3-3 proteins is discussed and related to their function in guard cells during stomatal movements in response to abiotic or biotic stresses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Cotelle
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Nathalie Leonhardt
- UMR7265, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Service de Biologie Végétale et de Microbiologie Environnementales, Institut de Biologie Environnementale et Biotechnologie, CNRS-CEA-Université Aix-Marseille Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| |
Collapse
|