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Conditionally immortalised equine skeletal muscle cell lines for in vitro analysis. Biochem Biophys Rep 2022; 33:101391. [PMID: 36504704 PMCID: PMC9727643 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2022.101391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Thoroughbred racehorse performance is largely influenced by a major quantitative trait locus at the myostatin (MSTN) gene which determines aptitude for certain race distances due to a promoter region insertion mutation influencing functional phenotypes in skeletal muscle. To develop an in vitro system for functional experiments we established three novel equine skeletal muscle cell lines reflecting the variation in phenotype associated with MSTN genotype (CC/II, CT/IN and TT/NN for SNP g.66493737C > T/SINE insertion 227 bp polymorphism). Primary equine skeletal muscle myoblasts, isolated from Thoroughbred horse gluteus medius, were conditionally immortalised and evaluated to determine whether cell phenotype and metabolic function were comparable to functional characteristics previously reported for ex vivo skeletal muscle isolated from Thoroughbred horses with each genotype. Results Primary myoblasts conditionally immortalised with the temperature sensitive SV40TtsA58 lentivirus vector successfully proliferated and could revert to their primary cell phenotype and differentiate into multinucleated myotubes. Skeletal muscle fibre type, MSTN gene expression, mitochondrial abundance, and mitochondrial function of the three MSTN genotype cell lines, were consistent with equivalent characterisation of ex vivo skeletal muscle samples with these genotypes. Furthermore, addition of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) to the cell lines improved mitochondrial function, an observation consistent with ex vivo skeletal muscle samples with these genotypes following supplementation with CoQ10 in the diet. Conclusions The observation that the phenotypic characteristics and metabolic function of the cells lines are equivalent to ex vivo skeletal muscle indicates that this in vitro system will enable efficient and cost-effective analyses of equine skeletal muscle for a range of different applications including understanding metabolic function, testing of nutritional supplements, drug test development and gene doping test development. In the multi-billion-euro international Thoroughbred horse industry research advances in the biological function of skeletal muscle are likely to have considerable impact. Furthermore, this novel genotype-specific system may be adapted and applied to human biomedicine to improve understanding of the effects of myostatin in human physiology and medicine.
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Rivas DA, Peng F, Benard T, Ramos da Silva AS, Fielding RA, Margolis LM. miR-19b-3p is associated with a diametric response to resistance exercise in older adults and regulates skeletal muscle anabolism via PTEN inhibition. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 321:C977-C991. [PMID: 34705586 PMCID: PMC8714992 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00190.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Understanding paradoxical responses to anabolic stimulation and identifying the mechanisms for this inconsistency in mobility-limited older adults may provide new targets for the treatment of sarcopenia. Our laboratory has discovered that dysregulation in microRNA (miRNA) that target anabolic pathways is a potential mechanism resulting in age-associated decreases in skeletal muscle mass and function (sarcopenia). The objective of the current study was to assess circulating miRNA expression profiles in diametric response of leg lean mass in mobility-limited older individuals after a 6-mo progressive resistance exercise training intervention (PRET) and determine the influence of differentially expressing miRNA on regulation of skeletal muscle mass. Participants were dichotomized by gain (Gainers; mean +561.4 g, n = 33) or loss (Losers; mean −589.8 g, n = 40) of leg lean mass after PRET. Gainers significantly increased fat-free mass 2.4% vs. −0.4% for Losers. Six miRNA (miR-1-3p, miR-19b-3p, miR-92a, miR-126, miR-133a-3p, and miR-133b) were significantly identified to be differentially expressed between Gainers and Losers, with miR-19b-3p being the miRNA most highly associated with increases in fat-free mass. Using an aging mouse model, we then assessed if miR-19b-3p expression was different in young mice with larger muscle mass compared with older mice. Circulating and skeletal muscle miR-19b-3p expression was higher in young compared with old mice and was positively associated with muscle mass and grip strength. We then used a novel integrative approach to determine if differences in circulating miR-19b-3p potentially translate to augmented anabolic response in human skeletal muscle cells in vitro. Results from this analysis identified that overexpression of miR-19b-3p targeted and downregulated PTEN by 64% to facilitate significant ∼50% increase in muscle protein synthetic rate as measured with SUnSET. The combine results of these three models identify miR-19b-3p as a potent regulator of muscle anabolism that may contribute to an inter-individual response to PRET in mobility-limited older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donato A Rivas
- Nutrition, Exercise Physiology and Sarcopenia Laboratory; Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Fei Peng
- Nutrition, Exercise Physiology and Sarcopenia Laboratory; Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Townsend Benard
- Nutrition, Exercise Physiology and Sarcopenia Laboratory; Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Adelino Sanchez Ramos da Silva
- Nutrition, Exercise Physiology and Sarcopenia Laboratory; Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States.,School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roger A Fielding
- Nutrition, Exercise Physiology and Sarcopenia Laboratory; Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Lee M Margolis
- Nutrition, Exercise Physiology and Sarcopenia Laboratory; Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States.,Military Nutrition Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, United States
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3
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Balliu B, Carcamo-Orive I, Gloudemans MJ, Nachun DC, Durrant MG, Gazal S, Park CY, Knowles DA, Wabitsch M, Quertermous T, Knowles JW, Montgomery SB. An integrated approach to identify environmental modulators of genetic risk factors for complex traits. Am J Hum Genet 2021; 108:1866-1879. [PMID: 34582792 PMCID: PMC8546041 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2021.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex traits and diseases can be influenced by both genetics and environment. However, given the large number of environmental stimuli and power challenges for gene-by-environment testing, it remains a critical challenge to identify and prioritize specific disease-relevant environmental exposures. We propose a framework for leveraging signals from transcriptional responses to environmental perturbations to identify disease-relevant perturbations that can modulate genetic risk for complex traits and inform the functions of genetic variants associated with complex traits. We perturbed human skeletal-muscle-, fat-, and liver-relevant cell lines with 21 perturbations affecting insulin resistance, glucose homeostasis, and metabolic regulation in humans and identified thousands of environmentally responsive genes. By combining these data with GWASs from 31 distinct polygenic traits, we show that the heritability of multiple traits is enriched in regions surrounding genes responsive to specific perturbations and, further, that environmentally responsive genes are enriched for associations with specific diseases and phenotypes from the GWAS Catalog. Overall, we demonstrate the advantages of large-scale characterization of transcriptional changes in diversely stimulated and pathologically relevant cells to identify disease-relevant perturbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brunilda Balliu
- Department of Computational Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Ivan Carcamo-Orive
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Michael J Gloudemans
- Biomedical Informatics Training Program and Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Daniel C Nachun
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Matthew G Durrant
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Steven Gazal
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Chong Y Park
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - David A Knowles
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY 10013, USA; Department of Computer Science, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Martin Wabitsch
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ulm University, Ulm 89075, Germany
| | - Thomas Quertermous
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Joshua W Knowles
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Stephen B Montgomery
- Department of Pathology and Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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4
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Brunetti J, Koenig S, Monnier A, Frieden M. Nanopattern surface improves cultured human myotube maturation. Skelet Muscle 2021; 11:12. [PMID: 33952323 PMCID: PMC8097894 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-021-00268-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In vitro maturation of human primary myoblasts using 2D culture remains a challenging process and leads to immature fibers with poor internal organization and function. This would however represent a valuable system to study muscle physiology or pathophysiology from patient myoblasts, at a single-cell level. METHODS Human primary myoblasts were cultured on 800-nm wide striated surface between two layers of Matrigel, and in a media supplemented with an inhibitor of TGFβ receptor. Gene expression, immunofluorescence, and Ca2+ measurements upon electrical stimulations were performed at various time points during maturation to assess the organization and function of the myotubes. RESULTS We show that after 10 days in culture, myotubes display numerous functional acetylcholine receptor clusters and express the adult isoforms of myosin heavy chain and dihydropyridine receptor. In addition, the myotubes are internally well organized with striations of α-actinin and STIM1, and occasionally ryanodine receptor 1. We also demonstrate that the myotubes present robust Ca2+ responses to repetitive electrical stimulations. CONCLUSION The present method describes a fast and efficient system to obtain well matured and functional myotubes in 2D culture allowing thorough analysis of single-cell Ca2+ signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Brunetti
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stéphane Koenig
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Arthur Monnier
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maud Frieden
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Carcamo-Orive I, Henrion MYR, Zhu K, Beckmann ND, Cundiff P, Moein S, Zhang Z, Alamprese M, D’Souza SL, Wabitsch M, Schadt EE, Quertermous T, Knowles JW, Chang R. Predictive network modeling in human induced pluripotent stem cells identifies key driver genes for insulin responsiveness. PLoS Comput Biol 2020; 16:e1008491. [PMID: 33362275 PMCID: PMC7790417 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) precedes the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and increases cardiovascular disease risk. Although genome wide association studies (GWAS) have uncovered new loci associated with T2D, their contribution to explain the mechanisms leading to decreased insulin sensitivity has been very limited. Thus, new approaches are necessary to explore the genetic architecture of insulin resistance. To that end, we generated an iPSC library across the spectrum of insulin sensitivity in humans. RNA-seq based analysis of 310 induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) clones derived from 100 individuals allowed us to identify differentially expressed genes between insulin resistant and sensitive iPSC lines. Analysis of the co-expression architecture uncovered several insulin sensitivity-relevant gene sub-networks, and predictive network modeling identified a set of key driver genes that regulate these co-expression modules. Functional validation in human adipocytes and skeletal muscle cells (SKMCs) confirmed the relevance of the key driver candidate genes for insulin responsiveness. Insulin resistance is characterized by a defective response (“resistance”) to normal insulin concentrations to uptake the glucose present in the blood, and is the underlying condition that leads to type 2 diabetes (T2D) and increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. It is estimated that 25–33% of the US population are insulin resistant enough to be at risk of serious clinical consequences. For more than a decade, large population studies have tried to discover the genes that participate in the development of insulin resistance, but without much success. It is now increasingly clear that the complex genetic nature of insulin resistance requires novel approaches centered in patient specific cellular models. To fill this gap, we have generated an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) library from individuals with accurate measurements of insulin sensitivity, and performed gene expression and key driver analyses. Our work demonstrates that iPSCs can be used as a revolutionary technology to model insulin resistance and to discover key genetic drivers. Moreover, they can develop our basic knowledge of the disease, and are ultimately expected to increase the therapeutic targets to treat insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Carcamo-Orive
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute, and Diabetes Research Center, Stanford, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (ICO); (JWK); (RC)
| | - Marc Y. R. Henrion
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Malawi—Liverpool—Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Kuixi Zhu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- The Center for Innovations in Brain Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Noam D. Beckmann
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Paige Cundiff
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sara Moein
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- The Center for Innovations in Brain Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Zenan Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Melissa Alamprese
- Department of Neurology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- The Center for Innovations in Brain Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Sunita L. D’Souza
- Department of Cellular, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Martin Wabitsch
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Eric E. Schadt
- Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Thomas Quertermous
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute, and Diabetes Research Center, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Joshua W. Knowles
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute, and Diabetes Research Center, Stanford, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (ICO); (JWK); (RC)
| | - Rui Chang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- The Center for Innovations in Brain Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- INTelico Therapeutics LLC, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- * E-mail: (ICO); (JWK); (RC)
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Nagashima T, Hadiwidjaja S, Ohsumi S, Murata A, Hisada T, Kato R, Okada Y, Honda H, Shimizu K. In Vitro Model of Human Skeletal Muscle Tissues with Contractility Fabricated by Immortalized Human Myogenic Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 4:e2000121. [DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202000121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takunori Nagashima
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Nagoya 464‐8603 Japan
| | - Stacy Hadiwidjaja
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Nagoya 464‐8603 Japan
| | - Saki Ohsumi
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Nagoya 464‐8603 Japan
| | - Akari Murata
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Nagoya 464‐8603 Japan
| | - Takumi Hisada
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Nagoya University Nagoya 464‐8601 Japan
| | - Ryuji Kato
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Nagoya University Nagoya 464‐8601 Japan
| | - Yohei Okada
- Department of Neurology Aichi Medical University School of Medicine Aichi 480‐1195 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Honda
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Nagoya 464‐8603 Japan
| | - Kazunori Shimizu
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Nagoya 464‐8603 Japan
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7
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Derivation and Characterization of Immortalized Human Muscle Satellite Cell Clones from Muscular Dystrophy Patients and Healthy Individuals. Cells 2020; 9:cells9081780. [PMID: 32722643 PMCID: PMC7465805 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients, absence of dystrophin causes muscle wasting by impacting both the myofiber integrity and the properties of muscle stem cells (MuSCs). Investigation of DMD encompasses the use of MuSCs issued from human skeletal muscle. However, DMD-derived MuSC usage is restricted by the limited number of divisions that human MuSCs can undertake in vitro before losing their myogenic characteristics and by the scarcity of human material available from DMD muscle. To overcome these limitations, immortalization of MuSCs appears as a strategy. Here, we used CDK4/hTERT expression in primary MuSCs and we derived MuSC clones from a series of clinically and genetically characterized patients, including eight DMD patients with various mutations, four congenital muscular dystrophies and three age-matched control muscles. Immortalized cultures were sorted into single cells and expanded as clones into homogeneous populations. Myogenic characteristics and differentiation potential were tested for each clone. Finally, we screened various promoters to identify the preferred gene regulatory unit that should be used to ensure stable expression in the human MuSC clones. The 38 clonal immortalized myogenic cell clones provide a large collection of controls and DMD clones with various genetic defects and are available to the academic community.
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8
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Rausch M, Böhringer D, Steinmann M, Schubert DW, Schrüfer S, Mark C, Fabry B. Measurement of Skeletal Muscle Fiber Contractility with High-Speed Traction Microscopy. Biophys J 2019; 118:657-666. [PMID: 31952805 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe a technique for simultaneous quantification of the contractile forces and cytosolic calcium dynamics of muscle fibers embedded in three-dimensional biopolymer gels under auxotonic loading conditions. We derive a scaling law for linear elastic matrices such as basement membrane extract hydrogels (Matrigel) that allows us to measure contractile force from the shape of the relaxed and contracted muscle cell and the Young's modulus of the matrix without further knowledge of the matrix deformations surrounding the cell and without performing computationally intensive inverse force reconstruction algorithms. We apply our method to isolated mouse flexor digitorum brevis (FDB) fibers that are embedded in 10 mg/mL Matrigel. Upon electrical stimulation, individual FDB fibers show twitch forces of 0.37 ± 0.15 μN and tetanic forces (100-Hz stimulation frequency) of 2.38 ± 0.71 μN, corresponding to a tension of 0.44 ± 0.25 kPa and 2.53 ± 1.17 kPa, respectively. Contractile forces of FDB fibers increase in response to caffeine and the troponin-calcium stabilizer tirasemtiv, similar to responses measured in whole muscle. From simultaneous high-speed measurements of cell length changes and cytosolic calcium concentration using confocal line scanning at a frequency of 2048 Hz, we show that twitch and tetanic force responses to electric pulses follow the low-pass filtered calcium signal. In summary, we present a technically simple high-speed method for measuring contractile forces and cytosolic calcium dynamics of single muscle fibers. We expect that our method will help to reduce preparation time, costs, and the number of sacrificed animals needed for experiments such as drug testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Rausch
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - David Böhringer
- Department of Physics, Institute for Polymer Materials, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Dirk W Schubert
- Department of Materials Science, Institute for Polymer Materials, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan Schrüfer
- Department of Materials Science, Institute for Polymer Materials, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Mark
- Department of Physics, Institute for Polymer Materials, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ben Fabry
- Department of Physics, Institute for Polymer Materials, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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9
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Shima A, Morimoto Y, Sweeney HL, Takeuchi S. Three-dimensional contractile muscle tissue consisting of human skeletal myocyte cell line. Exp Cell Res 2018; 370:168-173. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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10
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Bachmann C, Jungbluth H, Muntoni F, Manzur AY, Zorzato F, Treves S. Cellular, biochemical and molecular changes in muscles from patients with X-linked myotubular myopathy due to MTM1 mutations. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 26:320-332. [PMID: 28007904 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Centronuclear myopathies are early-onset muscle diseases caused by mutations in several genes including MTM1, DNM2, BIN1, RYR1 and TTN. The most severe and often fatal X-linked form of myotubular myopathy (XLMTM) is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the ubiquitous lipid phosphatase myotubularin, an enzyme specifically dephosphorylating phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate and phosphatidylinositol-3,5-bisphosphate. Because XLMTM patients have a predominantly muscle-specific phenotype a number of pathogenic mechanisms have been proposed, including a direct effect of the accumulated lipid on the skeletal muscle calcium channel ryanodine receptor 1, a negative effect on the structure of intracellular organelles and defective autophagy. Animal models knocked out for MTM1 show severe reduction of ryanodine receptor 1 mediated calcium release but, since knocking out genes in animal models does not necessarily replicate the human phenotype, we considered it important to study directly the effect of MTM1 mutations on patient muscle cells. The results of the present study show that at the level of myotubes MTM1 mutations do not dramatically affect calcium homeostasis and calcium release mediated through the ryanodine receptor 1, though they do affect myotube size and nuclear content. On the other hand, mature muscles such as those obtained from patient muscle biopsies exhibit a significant decrease in expression of the ryanodine receptor 1, a decrease in muscle-specific microRNAs and a considerable up-regulation of histone deacetylase-4. We hypothesize that the latter events consequent to the primary genetic mutation, are the cause of the severe decrease in muscle strength that characterizes these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Bachmann
- Departments of Biomedicine and Anesthesia, Basel University Hospital, Basel University, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Heinz Jungbluth
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Neuromuscular Service, Evelina Children's Hospital, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.,Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK.,Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, Muscle Signalling Section, King's College, London, UK
| | - Francesco Muntoni
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre and MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Adnan Y Manzur
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre and MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Francesco Zorzato
- Departments of Biomedicine and Anesthesia, Basel University Hospital, Basel University, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Life Sciences, General Pathology section, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Susan Treves
- Departments of Biomedicine and Anesthesia, Basel University Hospital, Basel University, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Life Sciences, General Pathology section, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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11
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Thorley M, Duguez S, Mazza EMC, Valsoni S, Bigot A, Mamchaoui K, Harmon B, Voit T, Mouly V, Duddy W. Skeletal muscle characteristics are preserved in hTERT/cdk4 human myogenic cell lines. Skelet Muscle 2016; 6:43. [PMID: 27931240 PMCID: PMC5146814 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-016-0115-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background hTERT/cdk4 immortalized myogenic human cell lines represent an important tool for skeletal muscle research, being used as therapeutically pertinent models of various neuromuscular disorders and in numerous fundamental studies of muscle cell function. However, the cell cycle is linked to other cellular processes such as integrin regulation, the PI3K/Akt pathway, and microtubule stability, raising the question as to whether genetic modification related to the cell cycle results in secondary effects that could undermine the validity of these cell models. Results Here we subjected five healthy and disease muscle cell isolates to transcriptomic analysis, comparing immortalized lines with their parent primary populations in both differentiated and undifferentiated states, and testing their myogenic character by comparison with non-myogenic (CD56-negative) cells. Principal component analysis of global gene expression showed tight clustering of immortalized myoblasts to their parent primary populations, with clean separation from the non-myogenic reference. Comparison was made to publicly available transcriptomic data from studies of muscle human pathology, cell, and animal models, including to derive a consensus set of genes previously shown to have altered regulation during myoblast differentiation. Hierarchical clustering of samples based on gene expression of this consensus set showed that immortalized lines retained the myogenic expression patterns of their parent primary populations. Of 2784 canonical pathways and gene ontology terms tested by gene set enrichment analysis, none were significantly enriched in immortalized compared to primary cell populations. We observed, at the whole transcriptome level, a strong signature of cell cycle shutdown associated with senescence in one primary myoblast population, whereas its immortalized clone was protected. Conclusions Immortalization had no observed effect on the myogenic cascade or on any other cellular processes, and it was protective against the systems level effects of senescence that are observed at higher division counts of primary cells. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13395-016-0115-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Thorley
- INSERM, CNRS, Institute of Myology, Center of Research in Myology, Sorbonne Universities, UPMC Univ Paris 6, Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Duguez
- INSERM, CNRS, Institute of Myology, Center of Research in Myology, Sorbonne Universities, UPMC Univ Paris 6, Paris, France.,Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine, Altnagelvin Hospital Campus, Ulster University, Londonderry, Northern Ireland UK
| | - Emilia Maria Cristina Mazza
- Department of Life Sciences, Center for Genome Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Sara Valsoni
- Department of Life Sciences, Center for Genome Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Anne Bigot
- INSERM, CNRS, Institute of Myology, Center of Research in Myology, Sorbonne Universities, UPMC Univ Paris 6, Paris, France
| | - Kamel Mamchaoui
- INSERM, CNRS, Institute of Myology, Center of Research in Myology, Sorbonne Universities, UPMC Univ Paris 6, Paris, France
| | - Brennan Harmon
- Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010 USA
| | - Thomas Voit
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, UK
| | - Vincent Mouly
- INSERM, CNRS, Institute of Myology, Center of Research in Myology, Sorbonne Universities, UPMC Univ Paris 6, Paris, France
| | - William Duddy
- INSERM, CNRS, Institute of Myology, Center of Research in Myology, Sorbonne Universities, UPMC Univ Paris 6, Paris, France.,Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine, Altnagelvin Hospital Campus, Ulster University, Londonderry, Northern Ireland UK
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12
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Sekulic-Jablanovic M, Ullrich ND, Goldblum D, Palmowski-Wolfe A, Zorzato F, Treves S. Functional characterization of orbicularis oculi and extraocular muscles. J Gen Physiol 2016; 147:395-406. [PMID: 27069119 PMCID: PMC4845688 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201511542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Facial muscles are skeletal muscles that control facial expression. Sekulic-Jablanovic et al. characterize orbicularis oculi and extraocular muscles and find divergence in the expression of key molecules for muscle function between facial, extraocular, and quadriceps muscles. The orbicularis oculi are the sphincter muscles of the eyelids and are involved in modulating facial expression. They differ from both limb and extraocular muscles (EOMs) in their histology and biochemistry. Weakness of the orbicularis oculi muscles is a feature of neuromuscular disorders affecting the neuromuscular junction, and weakness of facial muscles and ptosis have also been described in patients with mutations in the ryanodine receptor gene. Here, we investigate human orbicularis oculi muscles and find that they are functionally more similar to quadriceps than to EOMs in terms of excitation–contraction coupling components. In particular, they do not express the cardiac isoform of the dihydropyridine receptor, which we find to be highly expressed in EOMs where it is likely responsible for the large depolarization-induced calcium influx. We further show that human orbicularis oculi and EOMs express high levels of utrophin and low levels of dystrophin, whereas quadriceps express dystrophin and low levels of utrophin. The results of this study highlight the notion that myotubes obtained by explanting satellite cells from different muscles are not functionally identical and retain the physiological characteristics of their muscle of origin. Furthermore, our results indicate that sparing of facial and EOMs in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy is the result of the higher levels of utrophin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijana Sekulic-Jablanovic
- Department of Anesthesia, Basel University Hospital, 4031 Basel, Switzerland Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nina D Ullrich
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David Goldblum
- Eye Clinic, Basel University and Basel University Hospital, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anja Palmowski-Wolfe
- Eye Clinic, Basel University and Basel University Hospital, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Zorzato
- Department of Anesthesia, Basel University Hospital, 4031 Basel, Switzerland Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital, 4031 Basel, Switzerland Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, General Pathology Section, University of Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Susan Treves
- Department of Anesthesia, Basel University Hospital, 4031 Basel, Switzerland Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital, 4031 Basel, Switzerland Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, General Pathology Section, University of Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
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13
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Santos-Zas I, Gurriarán-Rodríguez U, Cid-Díaz T, Figueroa G, González-Sánchez J, Bouzo-Lorenzo M, Mosteiro CS, Señarís J, Casanueva FF, Casabiell X, Gallego R, Pazos Y, Mouly V, Camiña JP. β-Arrestin scaffolds and signaling elements essential for the obestatin/GPR39 system that determine the myogenic program in human myoblast cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:617-35. [PMID: 26211463 PMCID: PMC11108386 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-1994-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Obestatin/GPR39 signaling stimulates skeletal muscle repair by inducing the expansion of satellite stem cells as well as myofiber hypertrophy. Here, we describe that the obestatin/GPR39 system acts as autocrine/paracrine factor on human myogenesis. Obestatin regulated multiple steps of myogenesis: myoblast proliferation, cell cycle exit, differentiation and recruitment to fuse and form multinucleated hypertrophic myotubes. Obestatin-induced mitogenic action was mediated by ERK1/2 and JunD activity, being orchestrated by a G-dependent mechanism. At a later stage of myogenesis, scaffolding proteins β-arrestin 1 and 2 were essential for the activation of cell cycle exit and differentiation through the transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Upon obestatin stimulus, β-arrestins are recruited to the membrane, where they functionally interact with GPR39 leading to Src activation and signalplex formation to EGFR transactivation by matrix metalloproteinases. This signalplex regulated the mitotic arrest by p21 and p57 expression and the mid- to late stages of differentiation through JNK/c-Jun, CAMKII, Akt and p38 pathways. This finding not only provides the first functional activity for β-arrestins in myogenesis but also identify potential targets for therapeutic approaches by triggering specific signaling arms of the GPR39 signaling involved in myogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Icía Santos-Zas
- Área de Endocrinología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Servicio Gallego de Salud (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Uxía Gurriarán-Rodríguez
- Área de Endocrinología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Servicio Gallego de Salud (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Health Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Tania Cid-Díaz
- Área de Endocrinología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Servicio Gallego de Salud (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Gabriela Figueroa
- Área de Endocrinología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Servicio Gallego de Salud (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jessica González-Sánchez
- Área de Endocrinología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Servicio Gallego de Salud (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Mónica Bouzo-Lorenzo
- Área de Endocrinología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Servicio Gallego de Salud (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carlos S Mosteiro
- Área de Endocrinología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Servicio Gallego de Salud (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Señarís
- Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, CHUS, SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Felipe F Casanueva
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, USC, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Xesús Casabiell
- Departamento de Fisiología, USC, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rosalía Gallego
- Departamento de Ciencias Morfológicas, USC, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Yolanda Pazos
- Área de Endocrinología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Servicio Gallego de Salud (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Vincent Mouly
- Institut de Myologie, INSERM, and Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Jesús P Camiña
- Área de Endocrinología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Servicio Gallego de Salud (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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14
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Wang M, Keogh A, Treves S, Idle JR, Beyoğlu D. The metabolomic profile of gamma-irradiated human hepatoma and muscle cells reveals metabolic changes consistent with the Warburg effect. PeerJ 2016; 4:e1624. [PMID: 26823999 PMCID: PMC4730869 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.1624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The two human cell lines HepG2 from hepatoma and HMCL-7304 from striated muscle were γ-irradiated with doses between 0 and 4 Gy. Abundant γH2AX foci were observed at 4 Gy after 4 h of culture post-irradiation. Sham-irradiated cells showed no γH2AX foci and therefore no signs of radiation-induced double-strand DNA breaks. Flow cytometry indicated that 41.5% of HepG2 cells were in G2/M and this rose statistically significantly with increasing radiation dose reaching a plateau at ∼47%. Cell lysates from both cell lines were subjected to metabolomic analysis using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GCMS). A total of 46 metabolites could be identified by GCMS in HepG2 cell lysates and 29 in HMCL-7304 lysates, most of which occurred in HepG2 cells. Principal Components Analysis (PCA) showed a clear separation of sham, 1, 2 and 4 Gy doses. Orthogonal Projection to Latent Structures-Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA) revealed elevations in intracellular lactate, alanine, glucose, glucose 6-phosphate, fructose and 5-oxoproline, which were found by univariate statistics to be highly statistically significantly elevated at both 2 and 4 Gy compared with sham irradiated cells. These findings suggested upregulation of cytosolic aerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect), with potential shunting of glucose through aldose reductase in the polyol pathway, and consumption of reduced Glutathione (GSH) due to γ-irradiation. In HMCL-7304 myotubes, a putative Warburg effect was also observed only at 2 Gy, albeit a lesser magnitude than in HepG2 cells. It is anticipated that these novel metabolic perturbations following γ-irradiation of cultured cells will lead to a fuller understanding of the mechanisms of tissue damage following ionizing radiation exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Institute of Integrated TCM and West Medicine, Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, P.R. China; Hepatology Research Group, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Adrian Keogh
- Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern , Bern , Switzerland
| | - Susan Treves
- Departments of Anesthesia and Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel , Basel , Switzerland
| | - Jeffrey R Idle
- Hepatology Research Group, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern , Bern , Switzerland
| | - Diren Beyoğlu
- Hepatology Research Group, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern , Bern , Switzerland
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15
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Olsson K, Cheng AJ, Alam S, Al-Ameri M, Rullman E, Westerblad H, Lanner JT, Bruton JD, Gustafsson T. Intracellular Ca(2+)-handling differs markedly between intact human muscle fibers and myotubes. Skelet Muscle 2015; 5:26. [PMID: 26301072 PMCID: PMC4545874 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-015-0050-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In skeletal muscle, intracellular Ca2+ is an important regulator of contraction as well as gene expression and metabolic processes. Because of the difficulties to obtain intact human muscle fibers, human myotubes have been extensively employed for studies of Ca2+-dependent processes in human adult muscle. Despite this, it is unknown whether the Ca2+-handling properties of myotubes adequately represent those of adult muscle fibers. Methods To enable a comparison of the Ca2+-handling properties of human muscle fibers and myotubes, we developed a model of dissected intact single muscle fibers obtained from human intercostal muscle biopsies. The intracellular Ca2+-handling of human muscle fibers was compared with that of myotubes generated by the differentiation of primary human myoblasts obtained from vastus lateralis muscle biopsies. Results The intact single muscle fibers all demonstrated strictly regulated cytosolic free [Ca2+] ([Ca2+]i) transients and force production upon electrical stimulation. In contrast, despite a more mature Ca2+-handling in myotubes than in myoblasts, myotubes lacked fundamental aspects of adult Ca2+-handling and did not contract. These functional differences were explained by discrepancies in the quantity and localization of Ca2+-handling proteins, as well as ultrastructural differences between muscle fibers and myotubes. Conclusions Intact single muscle fibers that display strictly regulated [Ca2+]i transients and force production upon electrical stimulation can be obtained from human intercostal muscle biopsies. In contrast, human myotubes lack important aspects of adult Ca2+-handling and are thus an inappropriate model for human adult muscle when studying Ca2+-dependent processes, such as gene expression and metabolic processes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13395-015-0050-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Olsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, 141 86 Sweden ; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, von Eulers väg 8, Stockholm, 171 77 Sweden
| | - Arthur J Cheng
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, von Eulers väg 8, Stockholm, 171 77 Sweden
| | - Seher Alam
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, 141 86 Sweden
| | - Mamdoh Al-Ameri
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, 171 76 Sweden
| | - Eric Rullman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, 141 86 Sweden
| | - Håkan Westerblad
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, von Eulers väg 8, Stockholm, 171 77 Sweden
| | - Johanna T Lanner
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, von Eulers väg 8, Stockholm, 171 77 Sweden
| | - Joseph D Bruton
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, von Eulers väg 8, Stockholm, 171 77 Sweden
| | - Thomas Gustafsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, 141 86 Sweden
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16
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Yu FJ, Zeng CJ, Zhang Y, Wang CD, Xiong TY, Fang SG, Zhang HM. Establishment and Cryopreservation of a Giant Panda Skeletal Muscle-Derived Cell Line. Biopreserv Biobank 2015; 13:195-9. [DOI: 10.1089/bio.2014.0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Jian Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chang-Jun Zeng
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, China
- Key Laboratory for Natural Resources Protection and Sustainable Utilization of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Cheng-Dong Wang
- China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda, Wolong, China
| | - Tie-Yi Xiong
- Sichuan Province Natural Resources Science Academy, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory for Natural Resources Protection and Sustainable Utilization of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Sheng-Guo Fang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - He-Min Zhang
- China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda, Wolong, China
- Key Laboratory for Natural Resources Protection and Sustainable Utilization of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
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17
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Characterization of excitation–contraction coupling components in human extraocular muscles. Biochem J 2015; 466:29-36. [DOI: 10.1042/bj20140970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
We show that the expression level of RyR1 in human extraocular muscles (EOMs) is low and that these muscles express different levels of proteins involved in excitation–contraction coupling (ECC) compared with leg muscles (LMs).
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