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Agliardi C, Guerini FR, Bolognesi E, Zanzottera M, Clerici M. VDR Gene Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Autoimmunity: A Narrative Review. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:916. [PMID: 37508347 PMCID: PMC10376382 DOI: 10.3390/biology12070916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The vitamin D/Vitamin D receptor (VDR) axis is crucial for human health as it regulates the expression of genes involved in different functions, including calcium homeostasis, energy metabolism, cell growth and differentiation, and immune responses. In particular, the vitamin D/VDR complex regulates genes of both innate and adaptive immunity. Autoimmune diseases are believed to arise from a genetic predisposition and the presence of triggers such as hormones and environmental factors. Among these, a role for Vitamin D and molecules correlated to its functions has been repeatedly suggested. Four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the VDR gene, ApaI, BsmI, TaqI, and FokI, in particular, have been associated with autoimmune disorders. The presence of particular VDR SNP alleles and genotypes, thus, was observed to modulate the likelihood of developing diverse autoimmune conditions, either increasing or reducing it. In this work, we will review the scientific literature suggesting a role for these different factors in the pathogenesis of autoimmune conditions and summarize evidence indicating a possible VDR SNP involvement in the onset of these diseases. A better understanding of the role of the molecular mechanisms linking Vitamin D/VDR and autoimmunity might be extremely useful in designing novel therapeutic avenues for these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mario Clerici
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, LAMMB, 20148 Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Kashyap J, Kumari N, Ponnusamy K, Tyagi RK. Hereditary Vitamin D-Resistant Rickets (HVDRR) associated SNP variants of vitamin D receptor exhibit malfunctioning at multiple levels. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2023; 1866:194891. [PMID: 36396100 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2022.194891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D receptor (VDR) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily. It is a primary regulator of calcium and phosphate homeostasis required for skeleton and bone mineralization. Vitamin D in active form 1α,25 dihydroxyvitamin-D3 mediates its cellular functions by binding to VDR. Active VDR forms heterodimers with partner RXR (retinoid X receptor) to execute its physiological actions. HVDRR (Hereditary Vitamin D-Resistant Rickets) is a rare genetic disorder that occurs because of generalized resistance to the 1α,25(OH)2D3. HVDRR is caused by the polymorphic variations in VDR gene leading to defective intestinal calcium absorption and mineralization of newly forming bones. Using point and deletion SNPs of VDR we have studied several HVDRR-associated SNP variants for their subcellular dynamics, transcriptional functions, 'genome bookmarking', heterodimeric interactions with RXR, and receptor stability. We previously reported that VDR is a 'mitotic bookmarking factor' that remains constitutively associated with the mitotic chromatin to inherit 'transcriptional memory', however the mechanistic details remained unclear. We document that 'genome bookmarking' property by VDR is critically impaired by naturally occurring HVDRR-associated point and deletion variants found in patients. Furthermore, these HVDRR-associated SNP variants of VDR were found to be compromised in transcriptional function, nuclear translocation, protein stability and intermolecular interactions with its heterodimeric partner RXR. Intriguingly, majority of these disease-allied functional defects failed to be rescued by RXR. Our findings suggest that the HVDRR-associated SNP variations influence the normal functioning of the receptor, and this derived understanding may help in the management of disease with precisely designed small molecule modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Kashyap
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Neha Kumari
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | | | - Rakesh K Tyagi
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India; Special Centre for Systems Medicine (Concurrent Faculty), Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
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Biomarkers Regulated by Lipid-Soluble Vitamins in Glioblastoma. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142873. [PMID: 35889829 PMCID: PMC9322598 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM), a highly lethal form of adult malignant gliomas with little clinical advancement, raises the need for alternative therapeutic approaches. Lipid-soluble vitamins have gained attention in malignant brain tumors owing to their pleiotropic properties and their anti-cancer potential have been reported in a number of human GBM cell lines. The aim of this paper is to systematically review and describe the roles of various biomarkers regulated by lipid-soluble vitamins, such as vitamins A, D, E, and K, in the pathophysiology of GBM. Briefly, research articles published between 2005 and 2021 were systematically searched and selected from five databases (Scopus, PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE via Ovid, and Web of Science) based on the study’s inclusion and exclusion criteria. In addition, a number of hand-searched research articles identified from Google Scholar were also included for the analysis. A total of 40 differentially expressed biomarkers were identified from the 19 eligible studies. The results from the analysis suggest that retinoids activate cell differentiation and suppress the biomarkers responsible for stemness in human GBM cells. Vitamin D appears to preferentially modulate several cell cycle biomarkers, while vitamin E derivatives seem to predominantly modulate biomarkers related to apoptosis. However, vitamin K1 did not appear to induce any significant changes to the Raf/MEK/ERK signaling or apoptotic pathways in human GBM cell lines. From the systematic analysis, 12 biomarkers were identified that may be of interest for further studies, as these were modulated by one or two of these lipid-soluble vitamins.
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Moreno-Torres M, Guzmán C, Petrov PD, Jover R. Valproate and Short-Chain Fatty Acids Activate Transcription of the Human Vitamin D Receptor Gene through a Proximal GC-Rich DNA Region Containing Two Putative Sp1 Binding Sites. Nutrients 2022; 14:2673. [PMID: 35807853 PMCID: PMC9268083 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The vitamin D receptor (VDR) mediates 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 pleiotropic biological actions through transcription regulation of target genes. The expression levels of this ligand-activated nuclear receptor are regulated by multiple mechanisms both at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Vitamin D3 is the natural VDR activator, but other molecules and signaling pathways have also been reported to regulate VDR expression and activity. In this study, we identify valproic acid (VPA) and natural short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) as novel transcriptional activators of the human VDR (hVDR) gene. We further report a comprehensive characterization of VPA/SCFA-responsive elements in the 5' regulatory region of the hVDR gene. Two alternative promoter DNA regions (of 2.4 and 3.8 kb), as well as subsequent deletion fragments, were cloned in pGL4-LUC reporter vector. Transfection of these constructs in HepG2 and human Upcyte hepatocytes followed by reporter assays demonstrated that a region of 107 bp (from -107 to -1) upstream of the transcription start site in exon 1a is responsible for most of the increase in transcriptional activity in response to VPA/SCFAs. This short DNA region is GC-rich, does not contain an apparent TATA box, and includes two bona fide binding sites for the transcription factor Sp1. Our results substantiate the hypothesis that VPA and SCFAs facilitate the activity of Sp1 on novel Sp1 responsive elements in the hVDR gene, thus promoting VDR upregulation and signaling. Elevated hepatic VDR levels have been associated with liver steatosis and, therefore, our results may have clinical relevance in epileptic pediatric patients on VPA therapy. Our results could also be suggestive of VDR upregulation by SCFAs produced by gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Moreno-Torres
- Unidad de Hepatología Experimental, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (C.G.); (P.D.P.)
- CIBEREHD, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carla Guzmán
- Unidad de Hepatología Experimental, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (C.G.); (P.D.P.)
| | - Petar D. Petrov
- Unidad de Hepatología Experimental, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (C.G.); (P.D.P.)
| | - Ramiro Jover
- Unidad de Hepatología Experimental, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (C.G.); (P.D.P.)
- CIBEREHD, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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Kashyap J, Tyagi RK. Mitotic genome bookmarking by nuclear receptor VDR advocates transmission of cellular transcriptional memory to progeny cells. Exp Cell Res 2022; 417:113193. [PMID: 35523304 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Mitosis is an essential process for the self-renewal of cells that is accompanied by dynamic changes in nuclear architecture and chromatin organization. Despite all the changes, the cell manages to re-establish all the parental epigenetic marks, post-mitotically. Recent reports suggest that some sequence-specific transcription factors remain attached to mitotic chromatin during cell division to ensure timely reactivation of a subset of transcription factors necessary to maintain cell identity. These mitotically associated factors are suggested to act as 'genome bookmarking factors' and the phenomenon is termed 'genome bookmarking'. Here, we studied this phenomenon with Vitamin D Receptor (VDR), a key regulator of calcium and phosphate homeostasis and a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily. This study, for the first time, has confirmed VDR as a mitotic bookmarking factor that may be playing a crucial role in the maintenance of cell identity and genome bookmarking. Full 'DNA binding domain (DBD)' present in VDR was identified as essential for enrichment of VDR on mitotic chromatin. Furthermore, the study also demonstrates that VDR evokes mitotic chromatin binding behaviour in its heterodimeric partner Retinoid X receptor (RXR). Interestingly, for promoting bookmarking behaviour in RXR, both DBD and/or ligand-binding domain (LBD) in conjunction with hinge region of VDR were required. Additionally, ChIP analysis showed that VDR remains associated with DR3 (direct repeat 3) region of its specific target gene promoter CYP24A1(Cytochrome P450 family 24 subfamily A member1), during mitosis. Altogether, our study illustrates a novel function of VDR in the epigenetic transmission and control of expression of target proteome for maintenance of cell identity and traits in progeny cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Kashyap
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Rakesh K Tyagi
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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Gleba JJ, Kłopotowska D, Banach J, Turlej E, Mielko KA, Gębura K, Bogunia-Kubik K, Kutner A, Wietrzyk J. Polymorphism of VDR Gene and the Sensitivity of Human Leukemia and Lymphoma Cells to Active Forms of Vitamin D. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14020387. [PMID: 35053549 PMCID: PMC8774213 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14020387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Developing new therapeutic strategies is necessary for leukemias and lymphomas treatment. Therefore, the study aimed to determine the use of an active form of vitamin D3 calcitriol and its analog tacalcitol as an anticancer drug. Most of all, selecting the molecular factor responsible for the cell’s sensitivity to the tested agents. A biomarker that could be use in the future to select patients for therapy and improve survival outcomes. We examined nine cell lines and evaluated the proteins involved in the biological activity of calcitriol and tacalcitol: the classical vitamin D receptor and 1,25D3-MARRS, as well as polymorphism in the VDR gene receptor. Results showed that VDR polymorphism may predispose to response to calcitriol and tacalcitol anticancer therapy. Abstract The active forms of vitamin D3 (calcitriol and tacalcitol) coupled to the vitamin D receptor (VDR) are known to exhibit anti-cancer properties. However, not all cancer cells are sensitive to the active forms of vitamin D3 and its analogs. The study aimed to determine whether polymorphism of VDR is responsible for the sensitivity of human leukemia and lymphoma cells to calcitriol and tacalcitol. The impact of calcitriol and tacalcitol on the proliferation and morphology of nine different leukemia and lymphoma cell lines was determined. Only MV-4-11, Thp-1, and HL-60 cell lines sensitive to proliferation inhibition by calcitriol and tacalcitol showed morphology changes. Subsequently, the levels of the VDR and 1,25D3-MARRS proteins of calcitriol and tacalcitol binding receptors and the VDR receptor polymorphism in human leukemia and lymphoma cells were ascertained. Contrary to the current understanding, higher levels of VDR are not responsible for the greater sensitivity of cells to calcitriol and tacalcitol. Importantly, we first showed that sensitivity to calcitriol and tacalcitol in leukemias and lymphomas could be determined by the VDR polymorphism. The FokI polymorphism and the presence of the “bat” haplotype were observed only in the sensitive cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Joanna Gleba
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, 53–114 Wroclaw, Poland; (D.K.); (J.B.); (J.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-904-207-2571
| | - Dagmara Kłopotowska
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, 53–114 Wroclaw, Poland; (D.K.); (J.B.); (J.W.)
| | - Joanna Banach
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, 53–114 Wroclaw, Poland; (D.K.); (J.B.); (J.W.)
| | - Eliza Turlej
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, 53–114 Wroclaw, Poland; (D.K.); (J.B.); (J.W.)
- Department of Experimental Biology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27 B, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Karolina Anna Mielko
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, 53–114 Wroclaw, Poland; (D.K.); (J.B.); (J.W.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Norwida 4/6, 50-373 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Gębura
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunogenetics and Pharmacogenetics, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, 53–114 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.G.); (K.B.-K.)
| | - Katarzyna Bogunia-Kubik
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunogenetics and Pharmacogenetics, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, 53–114 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.G.); (K.B.-K.)
| | - Andrzej Kutner
- Department of Bioanalysis and Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Joanna Wietrzyk
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, 53–114 Wroclaw, Poland; (D.K.); (J.B.); (J.W.)
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Li J, Witonsky D, Sprague E, Alleyne D, Bielski MC, Lawrence KM, Kupfer SS. Genomic and epigenomic active vitamin D responses in human colonic organoids. Physiol Genomics 2021; 53:235-248. [PMID: 33900108 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00150.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Active vitamin D, 1α,25(OH)2D3, is a nuclear hormone with roles in colonic homeostasis and carcinogenesis; yet, mechanisms underlying these effects are incompletely understood. Human organoids are an ideal system to study genomic and epigenomic host-environment interactions. Here, we use human colonic organoids to measure 1α,25(OH)2D3 responses on genome-wide gene expression and chromatin accessibility over time. Human colonic organoids were cultured and treated in triplicate with 100 nM 1α,25(OH)2D3 or vehicle control for 4 h and 18 h for chromatin accessibility, and 6 h and 24 h for gene expression. ATAC- and RNA-sequencing were performed. Differentially accessible peaks were analyzed using DiffBind and edgeR; differentially expressed genes were analyzed using DESeq2. Motif enrichment was determined using HOMER. At 6 h and 24 h, 2,870 and 2,721 differentially expressed genes, respectively (false discovery rate, FDR < 5%), were identified with overall stronger responses with 1α,25(OH)2D3. Similarly, 1α,25(OH)2D3 treatment led to stronger chromatin accessibility especially at 4 h. The vitamin D receptor (VDR) motif was strongly enriched among accessible chromatin peaks with 1α,25(OH)2D3 treatment accounting for 30.5% and 11% of target sequences at 4 h and 18 h, respectively (FDR < 1%). A number of genes such as CYP24A1, FGF19, MYC, FOS, and TGFBR2 showed significant transcriptional and chromatin accessibility responses to 1α,25(OH)2D3 treatment with accessible chromatin located distant from promoters for some gene regions. Assessment of chromatin accessibility and transcriptional responses to 1α,25(OH)2D3 yielded new observations about vitamin D genome-wide effects in the colon facilitated by application of human colonic organoids. This framework can be applied to study host-environment interactions between individuals and populations in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinchao Li
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - David Witonsky
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Emily Sprague
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Dereck Alleyne
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Maggie C Bielski
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kristi M Lawrence
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sonia S Kupfer
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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Zhao L, Mao Z, Mou D, Huang L, Yang M, Ding D, Yan H, Fang Z, Che L, Zhuo Y, Jiang X, Xu S, Lin Y, Li J, Huang C, Zou Y, Li L, Wu D, Feng B. Maternal cholecalciferol supplementation during gestation improves antioxidant capacities in gilts and piglets. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2021.1961616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lianpeng Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhengyu Mao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Daolin Mou
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Long Huang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Yang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dajing Ding
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Yan
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhengfeng Fang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lianqiang Che
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Zhuo
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuemei Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shengyu Xu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Lin
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chao Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanfeng Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lixia Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - De Wu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Feng
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Vitamin D high doses supplementation could represent a promising alternative to prevent or treat COVID-19 infection. CLÍNICA E INVESTIGACIÓN EN ARTERIOSCLEROSIS (ENGLISH EDITION) 2020. [PMCID: PMC7833195 DOI: 10.1016/j.artere.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Although we lack enough evidence to justify supplementing with vitamin D in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 infection, it is increasingly feasible that this hypothesis is valid. Two general underlying mechanisms should be considered. One would be the anti-infectious and immunomodulatory action that it exerts by improving intercellular barriers by stimulating innate immunity, as well as by modulating adaptive immunity. Also, vitamin D reduces the production of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-2 and interferon-gamma (INFγ). More recently, multiple pleiotropic effects have been demonstrated on the actions of vitamin D at the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory level with positive results in studies with influenza, coronavirus, and other respiratory infections. An inverse relationship between serum vitamin D levels and the prevalence of the respiratory infectious disease has been described. Of interest, another mechanistic approach responds to considering the inhibition of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), which is exacerbated in COVID-19 infection because the virus binds to the enzyme ACE2, making more angiotensin II available to cause damage. Vitamin D inhibits mediators of RAAS – present in all cells of the body – and by inhibiting ACE activity and increasing ACE2, it lowers angiotensin II levels. We present studies with proposals for recommended doses of vitamin D, and although a single guideline is not specified, the possible benefits are promising. Finally, the purpose of this review is to share this idea with health professionals to ignite the debate and call for critical reflection, so that it can contribute to the undertaking of more and better clinical designs to validate the benefits of using high doses of vitamin D for the benefit of public health and especially in times of crisis for COVID-19.
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Cataldi S, Arcuri C, Lazzarini A, Nakashidze I, Ragonese F, Fioretti B, Ferri I, Conte C, Codini M, Beccari T, Curcio F, Albi E. Effect of 1α,25(OH) 2 Vitamin D 3 in Mutant P53 Glioblastoma Cells: Involvement of Neutral Sphingomyelinase1. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3163. [PMID: 33126474 PMCID: PMC7694157 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is one the most aggressive primary brain tumors in adults, and, despite the fact that radiation and chemotherapy after surgical approaches have been the treatments increasing the survival rates, the prognosis of patients remains poor. Today, the attention is focused on highlighting complementary treatments that can be helpful in improving the classic therapeutic approaches. It is known that 1α,25(OH)2 vitamin D3, a molecule involved in bone metabolism, has many serendipidy effects in cells. It targets normal and cancer cells via genomic pathway by vitamin D3 receptor or via non-genomic pathways. To interrogate possible functions of 1α,25(OH)2 vitamin D3 in multiforme glioblastoma, we used three cell lines, wild-type p53 GL15 and mutant p53 U251 and LN18 cells. We demonstrated that 1α,25(OH)2 vitamin D3 acts via vitamin D receptor in GL15 cells and via neutral sphingomyelinase1, with an enrichment of ceramide pool, in U251 and LN18 cells. Changes in sphingomyelin/ceramide content were considered to be possibly responsible for the differentiating and antiproliferative effect of 1α,25(OH)2 vitamin D in U251 and LN18 cells, as shown, respectively, in vitro by immunofluorescence and in vivo by experiments of xenotransplantation in eggs. This is the first time 1α,25(OH)2 vitamin D3 is interrogated for the response of multiforme glioblastoma cells in dependence on the p53 mutation, and the results define neutral sphingomyelinase1 as a signaling effector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuela Cataldi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (S.C.); (I.N.); (C.C.); (M.C.); (T.B.)
| | - Cataldo Arcuri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy;
| | | | - Irina Nakashidze
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (S.C.); (I.N.); (C.C.); (M.C.); (T.B.)
| | - Francesco Ragonese
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, Via Elce di Sotto 8, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (F.R.); (B.F.)
| | - Bernard Fioretti
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, Via Elce di Sotto 8, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (F.R.); (B.F.)
| | - Ivana Ferri
- Division of Pathological Anatomy and Histology, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Carmela Conte
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (S.C.); (I.N.); (C.C.); (M.C.); (T.B.)
| | - Michela Codini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (S.C.); (I.N.); (C.C.); (M.C.); (T.B.)
| | - Tommaso Beccari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (S.C.); (I.N.); (C.C.); (M.C.); (T.B.)
| | - Francesco Curcio
- Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy;
| | - Elisabetta Albi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (S.C.); (I.N.); (C.C.); (M.C.); (T.B.)
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Ferder L, Martín Giménez VM, Inserra F, Tajer C, Antonietti L, Mariani J, Manucha W. Vitamin D supplementation as a rational pharmacological approach in the COVID-19 pandemic. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 319:L941-L948. [PMID: 32996774 PMCID: PMC7839598 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00186.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has reached most of the countries worldwide causing death, which often results from an inflammatory storm associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). This has prompted researchers to seek specific novel and definitive treatments urgently. In this context, it is interesting to evaluate the preventive and therapeutic effects of existing pharmacological agents that could be useful. In this regard, vitamin D supplementation, particularly in individuals likely to be deficient, may be a promising option. Vitamin D is a hormone that modulates many of the same inflammatory and oxidative signaling pathways triggered during COVID-19. For example, vitamin D suppresses the actions of the renin-angiotensin system, which has a determining role in the pathophysiology of the inflammatory response related to COVID-19. This paper analyzes the evidence that vitamin D supplementation might be a valuable preventive/therapeutic measure in groups at risk for or infected with COVID-19. It also discusses how clinical studies could be best designed to evaluate the possible advantages of vitamin D supplementation for the benefit of public health during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- León Ferder
- Maimónides University, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Virna Margarita Martín Giménez
- Institute of Research in Chemical Sciences, School of Chemical and Technological Sciences, Cuyo Catholic University, San Juan, Argentina
| | | | - Carlos Tajer
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital El Cruce Néstor C. Kirchner, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura Antonietti
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital El Cruce Néstor C. Kirchner, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Arturo Jauretche National University, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Javier Mariani
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital El Cruce Néstor C. Kirchner, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Walter Manucha
- Pathology Department, Pharmacology Area, Medical Sciences College, National University of Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina.,National Scientific and Technical Research Council, Institute of Medical and Experimental Biology of Cuyo (IMBECU, CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina
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12
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Mäder P, Kattner L. Sulfoximines as Rising Stars in Modern Drug Discovery? Current Status and Perspective on an Emerging Functional Group in Medicinal Chemistry. J Med Chem 2020; 63:14243-14275. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Mäder
- Endotherm GmbH, Science Park 2, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Lars Kattner
- Endotherm GmbH, Science Park 2, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
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Singh M, Vaughn C, Sasaninia K, Yeh C, Mehta D, Khieran I, Venketaraman V. Understanding the Relationship between Glutathione, TGF-β, and Vitamin D in Combating Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infections. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9092757. [PMID: 32858837 PMCID: PMC7563738 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9092757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a pervasive global health threat. A significant proportion of the world's population that is affected by latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is at risk for reactivation and subsequent transmission to close contacts. Despite sustained efforts in eradication, the rise of multidrug-resistant strains of Mycobacteriumtuberculosis (M. tb) has rendered traditional antibiotic therapy less effective at mitigating the morbidity and mortality of the disease. Management of TB is further complicated by medications with various off-target effects and poor compliance. Immunocompromised patients are the most at-risk in reactivation of a LTBI, due to impairment in effector immune responses. Our laboratory has previously reported that individuals suffering from Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and HIV exhibited compromised levels of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH). Restoring the levels of GSH resulted in improved control of M. tb infection. The goal of this review is to provide insights on the diverse roles of TGF- β and vitamin D in altering the levels of GSH, granuloma formation, and clearance of M. tb infection. We propose that these pathways represent a potential avenue for future investigation and development of new TB treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohkam Singh
- Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA; (M.S.); (C.V.); (K.S.)
| | - Charles Vaughn
- Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA; (M.S.); (C.V.); (K.S.)
| | - Kayvan Sasaninia
- Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA; (M.S.); (C.V.); (K.S.)
| | - Christopher Yeh
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA; (C.Y.); (D.M.); (I.K.)
| | - Devanshi Mehta
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA; (C.Y.); (D.M.); (I.K.)
| | - Ibrahim Khieran
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA; (C.Y.); (D.M.); (I.K.)
| | - Vishwanath Venketaraman
- Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA; (M.S.); (C.V.); (K.S.)
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA; (C.Y.); (D.M.); (I.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-909-706-3736
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Vitamin D high doses supplementation could represent a promising alternative to prevent or treat COVID-19 infection. CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN ARTERIOSCLEROSIS 2020; 32:267-277. [PMID: 32718670 PMCID: PMC7256522 DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2020.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Si bien carecemos de suficiente evidencia que justifique suplementar con vitamina D en la prevención y/o tratamiento de la infección por COVID-19, a la fecha resulta cada vez más factible que esta hipótesis sea válida. Dos mecanismos básicos generales deberían ser considerados. Uno sería la acción antiinfecciosa e inmunomoduladora que ejerce mejorando las barreras intercelulares por estímulo de la inmunidad innata, así también por modulación de la inmunidad adaptativa. También, la vitamina D reduce la producción de citoquinas inflamatorias como IL-2 e interferón gamma (INF-γ). Más recientemente se han demostrado múltiples efectos pleiotrópicos sobre las acciones de la vitamina D a nivel antiinflamatorio e inmunomodulador. Esto explica resultados positivos en estudios con influenza, coronavirus y otras infecciones respiratorias. Se ha descrito relación inversa entre niveles séricos de vitamina D y prevalencia de patología infecciosa respiratoria. De interés, otro abordaje mecanístico responde a considerar la inhibición del sistema renina-angiotensina-aldosterona, que se exacerba en la infección por COVID-19 debido a que el virus se une a la enzima ECA2, quedando disponible más angiotensina II para causar daño. La vitamina D inhibe mediadores del SRAA —presente en todas las células del organismo—, y al inhibir la actividad ECA y aumentar la ECA2, disminuye los niveles de angiotensina II. Presentamos estudios con propuestas de dosis recomendadas de vitamina D, y aunque no quede concretada una única guía, los posibles beneficios son promisorios. Finalmente, el propósito de la presente revisión es compartir esta idea con profesionales de la salud para encender el debate y llamar a la reflexión crítica, de modo tal que se pueda contribuir con el emprendimiento de diseños clínicos adecuados para validar los beneficios de utilizar altas dosis de vitamina D en beneficio de la salud pública, sobre todo en tiempos de esta emergencia por COVID-19.
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Fedotova JO. Vitamin D 3 treatment differentially affects anxiety-like behavior in the old ovariectomized female rats and old ovariectomized female rats treated with low dose of 17β-estradiol. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2019; 20:49. [PMID: 30967121 PMCID: PMC6454671 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-019-0774-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Estrogen deficiency effects on affective-related behavior are restricted to certain periods of age after ovary removal. Among other nutraceuticals, one of such «natural» substances for treatment of affective-related diseases could be vitamin D3. It is a great interest to evaluate the effects of repeated cholecalciferol administration on anxiety-related behavior in the old female rats with long-term estrogen deficiency. The present study was performed to determine the behavioral effects of cholecalciferol treatment at different doses as an adjunctive therapy alone or in a combination with low dose of 17β-estradiol on anxiety-like behavior of the old (16-18 months) female rats at 12 weeks after ovariectomy. METHODS Vitamin D3 supplementation individually (as cholecalciferol at doses of 1.0, 2.5 or 5.0 mg/kg/day, s.c.) or in co-administration with of 17β-estradiol (17β-E2, 0.5 μg/rat, s.c.) were given to the old ovariectomized (OVX) rats at 12 weeks after ovariectomy. Anxiety-related state was tested in the elevated plus maze (EPM) and light-dark test (LDT), as well behavioral reactivity was registered in the open field test (OFT). Moreover, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels in the blood serum of these OVX rats treated with Vitamin D3 or Vitamin D3 plus 17β-E2 were measured. RESULTS The results of the present study indicated that Vitamin D3 supplementation at dose of 1.0 mg/kg/day decreased manifestations of anxiety-like profile in the old OVX rats. Treatment with Vitamin D3 (1.0 mg/kg/day) plus 17β-E2 in resulted in more profound anxiolytic-like effects the old OVX rats than effects of both drugs administered alone. Moreover, treatment with cholecalciferol (1.0 mg/kg/day, s.c.) in the old ovariectomized rats after ovariectomy at 12 weeks produced elevated estradiol and 25-OH-VD3 levels for these rats as compared to the old OVX females treated with oil solvent. CONCLUSIONS Using the preclinical study, chronic cholecalciferol, 17β-E2 and their combination treatment were shown to be effective for anxiety-like treatment in the old subjects with long-term estrogen deficiency.
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Muscogiuri G, Bhattoa HP. Vitamin D and endocrine disorders: routine laboratory diagnostic implications. EJIFCC 2018; 29:111-116. [PMID: 30050394 PMCID: PMC6053810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The role of vitamin D in calcium-phosphorus metabolism regulation is the most highlighted, nonetheless there is enormous literature on the extra-skeletal effects of vitamin D, and lately new insight into the role of vitamin D in endocrine disease mechanisms has seen light of day. The present narrative review gives an overview of the proposed roles of vitamin D in the etiology of Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Grave's disease, Addison's disease and primary hyperthyroidism. The implications as pertaining to the routine laboratory practice are readily applicable to this patient group as well, and do not pose any additional challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, Federico II University, Medical School of Naples, Italy
| | - Harjit Pal Bhattoa
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
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Jiang J, Zhang Y, Indra AK, Ganguli-Indra G, Le MN, Wang H, Hollins RR, Reilly DA, Carlson MA, Gallo RL, Gombart AF, Xie J. 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3-eluting nanofibrous dressings induce endogenous antimicrobial peptide expression. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2018; 13:1417-1432. [PMID: 29972648 PMCID: PMC6219435 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2018-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to develop a nanofiber-based dressing capable of local sustained delivery of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) and augmenting human CAMP induction. MATERIALS & METHODS Nanofibrous wound dressings containing 1,25(OH)2D3 were successfully prepared by electrospinning, which were examined in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo. RESULTS 1,25(OH)2D3 was successfully loaded into nanofibers with encapsulation efficiency larger than 90%. 1,25(OH)2D3 showed a sustained release from nanofibers over 4 weeks. Treatment of U937 and HaCaT cells with 1,25(OH)2D3-loaded poly(ϵ-caprolactone) nanofibers significantly induced hCAP18/LL37 expression in monocytes and keratinocytes, skin wounds of humanized transgenic mice and artificial wounds of human skin explants. CONCLUSION 1,25(OH)2D3 containing nanofibrous dressings could enhance innate immunity by inducing antimicrobial peptide production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Jiang
- Department of Surgery, Transplant & Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Nutrition Graduate Program, School of Biological & Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health & Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Arup K Indra
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Gitali Ganguli-Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Mai N Le
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Hongjun Wang
- Department of Surgery, Transplant & Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Ronald R Hollins
- Department of Surgery – Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Debra A Reilly
- Department of Surgery – Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Mark A Carlson
- Department of Surgery – General Surgery & Genetics, Cell Biology & Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Department of Surgery, VA Nebraska – Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Richard L Gallo
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Adrian F Gombart
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Nutrition Graduate Program, School of Biological & Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health & Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Jingwei Xie
- Department of Surgery, Transplant & Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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The associations between VDR BsmI polymorphisms and risk of vitamin D deficiency, obesity and insulin resistance in adolescents residing in a tropical country. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178695. [PMID: 28617856 PMCID: PMC5472260 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene is expressed abundantly in different tissues; including adipocytes and pancreatic beta cells. The rs1544410 or BsmI single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the intronic region of the VDR gene has been previously associated with vitamin D levels, obesity and insulin resistance. Aims This study was aimed to examine the association between BsmI polymorphism and risk of vitamin D deficiency, obesity and insulin resistance in adolescents living in a tropical country. Methods Thirteen-year-old adolescents were recruited via multistage sampling from twenty-three randomly selected schools across the city of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (n = 941). Anthropometric measurements were obtained. Obesity was defined as body mass index higher than the 95th percentile of the WHO chart. Levels of fasting serum vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D)), glucose and insulin were measured. HOMA-IR was calculated as an indicator for insulin resistance. Genotyping was performed using the Sequenom MassARRAY platform (n = 807). The associations between BsmI and vitamin D, anthropometric parameters and HOMA-IR were examined using analysis of covariance and logistic regression. Result Those with AA genotype of BsmI had significantly lower levels of 25(OH)D (p = 0.001) compared to other genotypes. No significant differences was found across genotypes for obesity parameters. The AA genotype was associated with higher risk of vitamin D deficiency (p = 0.03) and insulin resistance (p = 0.03) compared to GG. The A allele was significantly associated with increased risk of vitamin D deficiency compared to G allele (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.63 (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.03–2.59, p = 0.04). In those with concurrent vitamin D deficiency, having an A allele significantly increased their risk of having insulin resistance compared to G allele (adjusted OR = 2.66 (95% CI 1.36–5.19, p = 0.004). Conclusion VDR BsmI polymorphism was significantly associated with vitamin D deficiency and insulin resistance, but not with obesity in this population.
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Nicholas C, Davis J, Fisher T, Segal T, Petti M, Sun Y, Wolfe A, Neal-Perry G. Maternal Vitamin D Deficiency Programs Reproductive Dysfunction in Female Mice Offspring Through Adverse Effects on the Neuroendocrine Axis. Endocrinology 2016; 157:1535-45. [PMID: 26741195 PMCID: PMC5393357 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D (VitD) deficiency affects more than 1 billion people worldwide with a higher prevalence in reproductive-aged women and children. The physiological effects of maternal VitD deficiency on the reproductive health of the offspring has not been studied. To determine whether maternal VitD deficiency affects reproductive physiology in female offspring, we monitored the reproductive physiology of C57BL/6J female offspring exposed to diet-induced maternal VitD deficiency at three specific developmental stages: 1) in utero, 2) preweaning, or 3) in utero and preweaning. We hypothesized that exposure to maternal VitD deficiency disrupts reproductive function in exposed female offspring. To test this hypothesis, we assessed vaginal opening and cytology and ovary and pituitary function as well as gonadotropin and gonadal steroid levels in female offspring. The in utero, preweaning, and in utero and preweaning VitD deficiency did not affect puberty. However, all female mice exposed to maternal VitD deficiency developed prolonged and irregular estrous cycles characterized by oligoovulation and extended periods of diestrus. Despite similar gonadal steroid levels and GnRH neuron density, females exposed to maternal VitD deficiency released less LH on the evening of proestrus. When compared with control female offspring, there was no significant difference in the ability of females exposed to maternal VitD deficiency to respond robustly to exogenous GnRH peptide or controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. These findings suggest that maternal VitD deficiency programs reproductive dysfunction in adult female offspring through adverse effects on hypothalamic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cari Nicholas
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology (C.N.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (M.P.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York 10461; Medical College of Wisconsin (J.D.), Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226; Seattle Reproductive Medicine (T.F.), Seattle, Washington 98109; Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility (T.S.), University Hospitals Case Medical Center University Hospitals Ahuja Medical Center, Beachwood, Ohio 44106; Department of Pediatrics and Physiology (A.W.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205; and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Y.S., G.N.-P.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-6460
| | - Joseph Davis
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology (C.N.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (M.P.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York 10461; Medical College of Wisconsin (J.D.), Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226; Seattle Reproductive Medicine (T.F.), Seattle, Washington 98109; Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility (T.S.), University Hospitals Case Medical Center University Hospitals Ahuja Medical Center, Beachwood, Ohio 44106; Department of Pediatrics and Physiology (A.W.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205; and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Y.S., G.N.-P.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-6460
| | - Thomas Fisher
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology (C.N.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (M.P.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York 10461; Medical College of Wisconsin (J.D.), Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226; Seattle Reproductive Medicine (T.F.), Seattle, Washington 98109; Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility (T.S.), University Hospitals Case Medical Center University Hospitals Ahuja Medical Center, Beachwood, Ohio 44106; Department of Pediatrics and Physiology (A.W.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205; and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Y.S., G.N.-P.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-6460
| | - Thalia Segal
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology (C.N.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (M.P.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York 10461; Medical College of Wisconsin (J.D.), Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226; Seattle Reproductive Medicine (T.F.), Seattle, Washington 98109; Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility (T.S.), University Hospitals Case Medical Center University Hospitals Ahuja Medical Center, Beachwood, Ohio 44106; Department of Pediatrics and Physiology (A.W.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205; and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Y.S., G.N.-P.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-6460
| | - Marilena Petti
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology (C.N.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (M.P.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York 10461; Medical College of Wisconsin (J.D.), Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226; Seattle Reproductive Medicine (T.F.), Seattle, Washington 98109; Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility (T.S.), University Hospitals Case Medical Center University Hospitals Ahuja Medical Center, Beachwood, Ohio 44106; Department of Pediatrics and Physiology (A.W.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205; and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Y.S., G.N.-P.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-6460
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology (C.N.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (M.P.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York 10461; Medical College of Wisconsin (J.D.), Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226; Seattle Reproductive Medicine (T.F.), Seattle, Washington 98109; Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility (T.S.), University Hospitals Case Medical Center University Hospitals Ahuja Medical Center, Beachwood, Ohio 44106; Department of Pediatrics and Physiology (A.W.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205; and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Y.S., G.N.-P.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-6460
| | - Andrew Wolfe
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology (C.N.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (M.P.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York 10461; Medical College of Wisconsin (J.D.), Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226; Seattle Reproductive Medicine (T.F.), Seattle, Washington 98109; Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility (T.S.), University Hospitals Case Medical Center University Hospitals Ahuja Medical Center, Beachwood, Ohio 44106; Department of Pediatrics and Physiology (A.W.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205; and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Y.S., G.N.-P.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-6460
| | - Genevieve Neal-Perry
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology (C.N.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (M.P.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York 10461; Medical College of Wisconsin (J.D.), Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226; Seattle Reproductive Medicine (T.F.), Seattle, Washington 98109; Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility (T.S.), University Hospitals Case Medical Center University Hospitals Ahuja Medical Center, Beachwood, Ohio 44106; Department of Pediatrics and Physiology (A.W.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205; and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Y.S., G.N.-P.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-6460
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The Non-Genomic Actions of Vitamin D. Nutrients 2016; 8:135. [PMID: 26950144 PMCID: PMC4808864 DOI: 10.3390/nu8030135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Since its discovery in 1920, a great deal of effort has gone into investigating the physiological actions of vitamin D and the impact its deficiency has on human health. Despite this intense interest, there is still disagreement on what constitutes the lower boundary of adequacy and on the Recommended Dietary Allowance. There has also been a major push to elucidate the biochemistry of vitamin D, its metabolic pathways and the mechanisms that mediate its action. Originally thought to act by altering the expression of target genes, it was realized in the mid-1980s that some of the actions of vitamin D were too rapid to be accounted for by changes at the genomic level. These rapid non-genomic actions have attracted as much interest as the genomic actions and they have spawned additional questions in an already busy field. This mini-review attempts to summarise the in vitro and in vivo work that has been conducted to characterise the rapid non-genomic actions, the mechanisms that give rise to these properties and the roles that these play in the overall action of vitamin D at the cellular level. Understanding the effects of vitamin D at the cellular level should enable the design of elegant human studies to extract the full potential of vitamin D to benefit human health.
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Frazier-Bowers SA, Long S, Tucker M. Primary failure of eruption and other eruption disorders—Considerations for management by the orthodontist and oral surgeon. Semin Orthod 2016. [DOI: 10.1053/j.sodo.2015.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Synthesis and preliminary biological evaluation of new antiproliferative aromatic analogues of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 86:381-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Muscogiuri G, Mitri J, Mathieu C, Badenhoop K, Tamer G, Orio F, Mezza T, Vieth R, Colao A, Pittas A. Mechanisms in endocrinology: vitamin D as a potential contributor in endocrine health and disease. Eur J Endocrinol 2014; 171:R101-10. [PMID: 24872497 DOI: 10.1530/eje-14-0158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It has been suggested that vitamin D may play a role in the pathogenesis of several endocrine diseases, such as hyperparathyroidism, type 1 diabetes (T1DM), type 2 diabetes (T2DM), autoimmune thyroid diseases, Addison's disease and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In this review, we debate the role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of endocrine diseases. METHODS Narrative overview of the literature synthesizing the current evidence retrieved from searches of computerized databases, hand searches and authoritative texts. RESULTS Evidence from basic science supports a role for vitamin D in many endocrine conditions. In humans, inverse relationships have been reported not only between blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone concentrations but also with risk of T1DM, T2DM, and PCOS. There is less evidence for an association with Addison's disease or autoimmune thyroid disease. Vitamin D supplementation may have a role for prevention of T2DM, but the available evidence is not consistent. CONCLUSIONS Although observational studies support a potential role of vitamin D in endocrine disease, high quality evidence from clinical trials does not exist to establish a place for vitamin D supplementation in optimizing endocrine health. Ongoing randomized controlled trials are expected to provide insights into the efficacy and safety of vitamin D in the management of endocrine disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Department of Clinical Medicine and SurgeryUniversity 'Federico II' Naples, Via Sergio Pansini, 5-80131 Napoli, ItalyDivision of EndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USADepartment of EndocrinologyUZ Gasthuisberg, 3000 Leuven, BelgiumDivision Endocrinology and DiabetologyDepartment of Medicine 1, University Hospital of the Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, GermanyDivision of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of Internal Medicine, Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Medeniyet University, Istanbul, TurkeyEndocrinologyUniversity 'Parthenope' Naples, Naples, ItalyEndocrinology of Fertile AgeUniversity Hospital 'S. Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona' Salerno, ItalyEndocrinology and Metabolic DiseasesUniversità Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, ItalyDepartments of Nutritional SciencesLaboratory Medicine and PathobiologyUniversity of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joanna Mitri
- Department of Clinical Medicine and SurgeryUniversity 'Federico II' Naples, Via Sergio Pansini, 5-80131 Napoli, ItalyDivision of EndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USADepartment of EndocrinologyUZ Gasthuisberg, 3000 Leuven, BelgiumDivision Endocrinology and DiabetologyDepartment of Medicine 1, University Hospital of the Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, GermanyDivision of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of Internal Medicine, Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Medeniyet University, Istanbul, TurkeyEndocrinologyUniversity 'Parthenope' Naples, Naples, ItalyEndocrinology of Fertile AgeUniversity Hospital 'S. Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona' Salerno, ItalyEndocrinology and Metabolic DiseasesUniversità Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, ItalyDepartments of Nutritional SciencesLaboratory Medicine and PathobiologyUniversity of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chantal Mathieu
- Department of Clinical Medicine and SurgeryUniversity 'Federico II' Naples, Via Sergio Pansini, 5-80131 Napoli, ItalyDivision of EndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USADepartment of EndocrinologyUZ Gasthuisberg, 3000 Leuven, BelgiumDivision Endocrinology and DiabetologyDepartment of Medicine 1, University Hospital of the Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, GermanyDivision of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of Internal Medicine, Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Medeniyet University, Istanbul, TurkeyEndocrinologyUniversity 'Parthenope' Naples, Naples, ItalyEndocrinology of Fertile AgeUniversity Hospital 'S. Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona' Salerno, ItalyEndocrinology and Metabolic DiseasesUniversità Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, ItalyDepartments of Nutritional SciencesLaboratory Medicine and PathobiologyUniversity of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Klaus Badenhoop
- Department of Clinical Medicine and SurgeryUniversity 'Federico II' Naples, Via Sergio Pansini, 5-80131 Napoli, ItalyDivision of EndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USADepartment of EndocrinologyUZ Gasthuisberg, 3000 Leuven, BelgiumDivision Endocrinology and DiabetologyDepartment of Medicine 1, University Hospital of the Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, GermanyDivision of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of Internal Medicine, Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Medeniyet University, Istanbul, TurkeyEndocrinologyUniversity 'Parthenope' Naples, Naples, ItalyEndocrinology of Fertile AgeUniversity Hospital 'S. Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona' Salerno, ItalyEndocrinology and Metabolic DiseasesUniversità Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, ItalyDepartments of Nutritional SciencesLaboratory Medicine and PathobiologyUniversity of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gonca Tamer
- Department of Clinical Medicine and SurgeryUniversity 'Federico II' Naples, Via Sergio Pansini, 5-80131 Napoli, ItalyDivision of EndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USADepartment of EndocrinologyUZ Gasthuisberg, 3000 Leuven, BelgiumDivision Endocrinology and DiabetologyDepartment of Medicine 1, University Hospital of the Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, GermanyDivision of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of Internal Medicine, Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Medeniyet University, Istanbul, TurkeyEndocrinologyUniversity 'Parthenope' Naples, Naples, ItalyEndocrinology of Fertile AgeUniversity Hospital 'S. Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona' Salerno, ItalyEndocrinology and Metabolic DiseasesUniversità Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, ItalyDepartments of Nutritional SciencesLaboratory Medicine and PathobiologyUniversity of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Francesco Orio
- Department of Clinical Medicine and SurgeryUniversity 'Federico II' Naples, Via Sergio Pansini, 5-80131 Napoli, ItalyDivision of EndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USADepartment of EndocrinologyUZ Gasthuisberg, 3000 Leuven, BelgiumDivision Endocrinology and DiabetologyDepartment of Medicine 1, University Hospital of the Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, GermanyDivision of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of Internal Medicine, Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Medeniyet University, Istanbul, TurkeyEndocrinologyUniversity 'Parthenope' Naples, Naples, ItalyEndocrinology of Fertile AgeUniversity Hospital 'S. Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona' Salerno, ItalyEndocrinology and Metabolic DiseasesUniversità Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, ItalyDepartments of Nutritional SciencesLaboratory Medicine and PathobiologyUniversity of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaDepartment of Clinical Medicine and SurgeryUniversity 'Federico II' Naples, Via Sergio Pansini, 5-80131 Napoli, ItalyDivision of EndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USADepartment of EndocrinologyUZ Gasthuisberg, 3000 Leuven, BelgiumDivision Endocrinology and DiabetologyDepartment of Medicine 1, University Hospital of the Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, GermanyDivision of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of Internal Medicine, Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Medeniyet University, Istanbul, TurkeyEndocrinologyUniversity 'Parthenope' Naples, Naples, ItalyEndocrinology of Fertile AgeUniversity Hospital 'S. Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona' Salerno, ItalyEndocrinology and Metabolic DiseasesUniversità Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, ItalyDepartments of Nutritional SciencesLaboratory Medicine and PathobiologyUniversity of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Teresa Mezza
- Department of Clinical Medicine and SurgeryUniversity 'Federico II' Naples, Via Sergio Pansini, 5-80131 Napoli, ItalyDivision of EndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USADepartment of EndocrinologyUZ Gasthuisberg, 3000 Leuven, BelgiumDivision Endocrinology and DiabetologyDepartment of Medicine 1, University Hospital of the Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, GermanyDivision of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of Internal Medicine, Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Medeniyet University, Istanbul, TurkeyEndocrinologyUniversity 'Parthenope' Naples, Naples, ItalyEndocrinology of Fertile AgeUniversity Hospital 'S. Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona' Salerno, ItalyEndocrinology and Metabolic DiseasesUniversità Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, ItalyDepartments of Nutritional SciencesLaboratory Medicine and PathobiologyUniversity of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Reinhold Vieth
- Department of Clinical Medicine and SurgeryUniversity 'Federico II' Naples, Via Sergio Pansini, 5-80131 Napoli, ItalyDivision of EndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USADepartment of EndocrinologyUZ Gasthuisberg, 3000 Leuven, BelgiumDivision Endocrinology and DiabetologyDepartment of Medicine 1, University Hospital of the Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, GermanyDivision of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of Internal Medicine, Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Medeniyet University, Istanbul, TurkeyEndocrinologyUniversity 'Parthenope' Naples, Naples, ItalyEndocrinology of Fertile AgeUniversity Hospital 'S. Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona' Salerno, ItalyEndocrinology and Metabolic DiseasesUniversità Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, ItalyDepartments of Nutritional SciencesLaboratory Medicine and PathobiologyUniversity of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaDepartment of Clinical Medicine and SurgeryUniversity 'Federico II' Naples, Via Sergio Pansini, 5-80131 Napoli, ItalyDivision of EndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USADepartment of EndocrinologyUZ Gasthuisberg, 3000 Leuven, BelgiumDivision Endocrinology and DiabetologyDepartment of Medicine 1, University Hospital of the Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, GermanyDivision of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of Internal Medicine, Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Medeniyet University, Istanbul, TurkeyEndocrinologyUniversity 'Parthenope' Naples, Naples, ItalyEndocrinology of Fertile AgeUniversity Hospital 'S. Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona' Salerno, ItalyEndocrinology and Metabolic DiseasesUniversità Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, ItalyDepartments of Nutritional SciencesLaboratory Medicine and PathobiologyUniversity of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Department of Clinical Medicine and SurgeryUniversity 'Federico II' Naples, Via Sergio Pansini, 5-80131 Napoli, ItalyDivision of EndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USADepartment of EndocrinologyUZ Gasthuisberg, 3000 Leuven, BelgiumDivision Endocrinology and DiabetologyDepartment of Medicine 1, University Hospital of the Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, GermanyDivision of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of Internal Medicine, Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Medeniyet University, Istanbul, TurkeyEndocrinologyUniversity 'Parthenope' Naples, Naples, ItalyEndocrinology of Fertile AgeUniversity Hospital 'S. Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona' Salerno, ItalyEndocrinology and Metabolic DiseasesUniversità Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, ItalyDepartments of Nutritional SciencesLaboratory Medicine and PathobiologyUniversity of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anastassios Pittas
- Department of Clinical Medicine and SurgeryUniversity 'Federico II' Naples, Via Sergio Pansini, 5-80131 Napoli, ItalyDivision of EndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USADepartment of EndocrinologyUZ Gasthuisberg, 3000 Leuven, BelgiumDivision Endocrinology and DiabetologyDepartment of Medicine 1, University Hospital of the Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, GermanyDivision of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of Internal Medicine, Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Medeniyet University, Istanbul, TurkeyEndocrinologyUniversity 'Parthenope' Naples, Naples, ItalyEndocrinology of Fertile AgeUniversity Hospital 'S. Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona' Salerno, ItalyEndocrinology and Metabolic DiseasesUniversità Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, ItalyDepartments of Nutritional SciencesLaboratory Medicine and PathobiologyUniversity of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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24
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Féron F, Marqueste T, Bianco J, Gueye Y, Chabas JF, Decherchi P. [Repairing the spinal cord with vitamin D: a promising strategy]. Biol Aujourdhui 2014; 208:69-75. [PMID: 24948020 DOI: 10.1051/jbio/2014008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
In 2014, a phase II randomised, double blind clinical trial assessing the efficacy of cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) in patients with a cervical trauma will be set up. This trial stems from previous studies showing that vitamin D supplementation improves functional recovery in rat models of peripheral or central nerve injury. In a first series of experiments, we used a rat model of peripheral nerve trauma to demonstrate the therapeutic efficiency of vitamin D. We first demonstrated that ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) increases the number and the diameter of newly formed axons and improves the response of metabosensitive fibers from tibialis muscle, in a model of transected peroneal nerve. Then, we compared vitamin D2 and vitamin D3 and observed that the latter is more efficient. At the dose of 500 IU/kg/day, vitamin D3 induces a dramatic functional recovery. We also demonstrated that vitamin D3 increases the number of preserved or newly formed axons in the proximal end, the mean axon diameter in the distal end, neurite myelination in both the distal and proximal ends as well as the expression of genes involved in axogenesis and myelination. In parallel, we assessed the therapeutic role of vitamin D on the central nervous system. In a first study, using a rat model of spinal cord compression at the T10 thoracic level, we delivered vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) orally at the dose of 50 IU/kg/day or 200 IU/kg/day. When compared to control animals, vitamin D-treated rats displayed, three months after injury, a significant improvement of ventilatory frequency and a reduction of H reflex indicating functional improvements at three months post-injury. In a second study, we used a rat model of cervical hemisection (C2) with a higher dose of oral vitamin D3 (500 IU/kg/day) delivered weekly, during 12 weeks. We observed an improved locomotor recovery, a reduced spasticity and a significantly higher rate of axons crossing the lesion site in treated animals. However, it must be pointed out that the functional improvement is reduced when vitamin D is provided one week after the trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Féron
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, NICN UMR 7259, 13344 Marseille, France
| | - Tanguy Marqueste
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS UMR 7287, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - John Bianco
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, NICN UMR 7259, 13344 Marseille, France
| | - Yatma Gueye
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, NICN UMR 7259, 13344 Marseille, France
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25
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Guo W, Fang Z, Li H, Liu Y. Synthesis of 24(28)-Methylene-1α-Hydroxyvitamin D3, a Novel Vitamin D3 Analogue. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2014. [DOI: 10.3184/174751914x13941144023496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
24(28)-Methylene-1α-hydroxyvitamin D3 was synthesised in 13 steps from vitamin D2. The key step of the synthesis involved the Wittig–Horner olefination of a nor-vitamin D2 aldehyde with diethylphosphono-3-methyl-2-butanone. The resulting enone was followed by reduced methylenation, photoisomerisation and deprotection then gave the target compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P.R. China
| | - Zhijie Fang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P.R. China
| | - Hongliang Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P.R. China
| | - Yanan Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P.R. China
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26
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Association of VDR-gene variants with factors related to the metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and vitamin D deficiency. Gene 2014; 542:129-33. [PMID: 24680778 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 03/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is rising alarmingly in the Saudi Arabian population. This study was conducted to assess the association between vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms and genetic susceptibility to components of the metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and vitamin D deficiency in the Saudi Arabian population. Five-hundred-seventy Saudi individuals (285 MetS and 285 controls) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. TaqI, BsmI, ApaI and FokI single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the VDR gene were genotyped. The CT genotype and allele T of BsmI were associated with lower HDL-C levels [OR 0.60 (0.37, 0.96), p=0.03] and obesity [OR 1.4 (1.0, 1.90), p=0.04], respectively. The CT genotype and the dominant model CT+TT of BsmI were associated with increased risk of diabetes [OR 1.7 (1.2, 2.4), p=0.007], and [OR 1.5 (1.1, 2.2), p=0.01], respectively. On the contrary, the CT and CT+CC genotypes of FokI exhibited an association with a reduced risk of diabetes [OR 0.70 (0.49, 0.99), p=0.05] and [OR 0.67 (0.48, 0.94), p=0.02], respectively. The allele C of FokI was associated with lower risk of developing T2DM [OR 0.73 (0.56, 0.95), p=0.02]. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was lower in subjects with the AC genotype of ApaI [OR, 0.34 (0.14, 0.80), p=0.01]. Components of the MetS such as obesity, low HDL and T2DM were associated with the VDR gene. FokI and BsmI have protective and facilitative effects on the risk for T2DM, while the ApaI genotype was associated with reduced vitamin D deficiency.
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27
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Trejo-Solís C, Pedraza-Chaverrí J, Torres-Ramos M, Jiménez-Farfán D, Cruz Salgado A, Serrano-García N, Osorio-Rico L, Sotelo J. Multiple molecular and cellular mechanisms of action of lycopene in cancer inhibition. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2013; 2013:705121. [PMID: 23970935 PMCID: PMC3736525 DOI: 10.1155/2013/705121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Revised: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies suggest that including fruits, vegetables, and whole grains in regular dietary intake might prevent and reverse cellular carcinogenesis, reducing the incidence of primary tumours. Bioactive components present in food can simultaneously modulate more than one carcinogenic process, including cancer metabolism, hormonal balance, transcriptional activity, cell-cycle control, apoptosis, inflammation, angiogenesis and metastasis. Some studies have shown an inverse correlation between a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and carotenoids and a low incidence of different types of cancer. Lycopene, the predominant carotenoid found in tomatoes, exhibits a high antioxidant capacity and has been shown to prevent cancer, as evidenced by clinical trials and studies in cell culture and animal models. In vitro studies have shown that lycopene treatment can selectively arrest cell growth and induce apoptosis in cancer cells without affecting normal cells. In vivo studies have revealed that lycopene treatment inhibits tumour growth in the liver, lung, prostate, breast, and colon. Clinical studies have shown that lycopene protects against prostate cancer. One of the main challenges in cancer prevention is the integration of new molecular findings into clinical practice. Thus, the identification of molecular biomarkers associated with lycopene levels is essential for improving our understanding of the mechanisms underlying its antineoplastic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Trejo-Solís
- Departamentos de Neuroinmunología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (INNN), C.P. 14269, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
| | - Jose Pedraza-Chaverrí
- Neurobiología Molecular y Celular INNN-UNAM, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (INNN), C.P. 14269, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), C.P. 04510, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
| | - Mónica Torres-Ramos
- Unidad Periferica de NeuroCiencias INNN-UNAM, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (INNN), C.P. 14269, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
| | - Dolores Jiménez-Farfán
- Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), C.P. 04510, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
| | - Arturo Cruz Salgado
- Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), C.P. 04510, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
| | - Norma Serrano-García
- Neurobiología Molecular y Celular INNN-UNAM, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (INNN), C.P. 14269, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), C.P. 04510, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
| | - Laura Osorio-Rico
- Neuroquimica, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (INNN), C.P. 14269, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
| | - Julio Sotelo
- Departamentos de Neuroinmunología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (INNN), C.P. 14269, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
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28
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Muehleisen B, Gallo RL. Vitamin D in allergic disease: shedding light on a complex problem. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2013; 131:324-9. [PMID: 23374263 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.12.1562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Revised: 12/24/2012] [Accepted: 12/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D is unique among nutritional factors because the intake of this special vitamin represents the sum of vitamin D obtained from diet, nutritional supplements, and endogenous production after exposure to sunlight. The current recommended nutritional intake requirements reflect needs based on its established role in calcium absorption and bone health. However, recent studies have revealed that vitamin D has important functions in the immune system and might influence the course of immune-mediated disorders, including atopic dermatitis and asthma. This review discusses the scientific rationale for a role for vitamin D in immune function, gives an update on allergic disease associations with lower vitamin D serum levels, and discusses recent observations relating to vitamin D in immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beda Muehleisen
- Division of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, Calif, USA
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29
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Sultan B, Ramanathan M, Lee J, May L, Lane AP. Sinonasal epithelial cells synthesize active vitamin D, augmenting host innate immune function. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2012; 3:26-30. [PMID: 23038277 DOI: 10.1002/alr.21087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D, long recognized for its role in bone metabolism and calcium homeostasis, has been increasingly shown to augment innate immunity. 1-α-Hydroxylase, the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of active vitamin D, has been shown to have extrarenal expression in multiple cell types, including airway epithelial cells. The purpose of this study is to explore whether sinonasal epithelial cells (SNECs) express 1-α-hydroxylase, allowing for the local production of active vitamin D, thereby augmenting innate immune function. METHODS Human SNECs were grown in culture and stimulated by inactive vitamin D. Expression of 1-α-hydroxylase was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunocytochemistry. Active vitamin D production was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of cathelicidin, an antimicrobial peptide, was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunocytochemistry. RESULTS SNECs constitutively express the enzyme 1-α-hydroxylase resulting in active vitamin D production. SNECs exposed to inactive vitamin D had a significant 8-fold increase in cathelicidin expression when compared to controls. CONCLUSION SNECs can generate active vitamin D, which significantly increases expression of the antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin. © 2013 ARS-AAOA, LLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babar Sultan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287-0910, USA
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30
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Pal D, Banerjee S, Ghosh AK. Dietary-induced cancer prevention: An expanding research arena of emerging diet related to healthcare system. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2012; 3:16-24. [PMID: 22470889 PMCID: PMC3312721 DOI: 10.4103/2231-4040.93561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet plays a vital role in the management of cancer because they are the source of important physiologically functional components. Scientific observations support the idea that dietary supplement can prevent breast cancer recurrences. Strong correlations are established between the high intake of saturated fat and the incidence of different types of cancer. It is found that chronic alcohol consumption is associated with increased risk of cancers of oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, and larynx. Again, some evidences are also found regarding phosphorous, glutamate level in the body, and incidence of cancer. Different physiologically functional components are found in the dietary materials. Fibers, the major dietary components, have long been recognized for the unique properties in the treatment of cancer, which are related to its antineoplastic functions. Antioxidant rich diet has been added to the list of cancer-preventing dietary components. Also, recently published research has shown that natural carotenoids in the diet leads to a normalization of body epithelial cells and protects against the risk of stomach and esophagus cancer, and improves the immune system's response. Again, fruit juices, processed vegetable juices, orange peel, green tea, vitamins, flavonoids, and trace materials have cancer inhibitory properties. Clearly, there has been increasing recognition of chemoprotective functions. Now, it can be recognized for another kind of functionality for the improvement of the health of mankind.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilipkumar Pal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IFTM University, Lodhipur Rajput, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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31
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Luk J, Torrealday S, Neal Perry G, Pal L. Relevance of vitamin D in reproduction. Hum Reprod 2012; 27:3015-27. [PMID: 22824625 PMCID: PMC3695598 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/des248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2011] [Revised: 05/25/2012] [Accepted: 05/31/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The steroid hormone vitamin D is historically recognized for its relevance to bone health and calcium homeostasis. Recent years have witnessed a shift in focus to non-skeletal benefits of vitamin D; in this latter context, an accruing body of literature attests to a relevance of vitamin D to reproductive physiology. This article reviews the existing data about the diverse and previously underappreciated roles for vitamin D in reproductive health. A large body of available literature suggests that vitamin D deficiency may be detrimental to reproductive biology. However, given that our appreciation of vitamin D's role in reproductive physiology is almost entirely shaped by 'associative' studies and that data based on prospective interventional trials are limited, these concepts remain predominantly conjectural. Exact mechanisms whereby vitamin D may participate in the regulation of reproductive physiology remain far from clear. This review underscores a need for appropriately designed intervention trials to address the existing knowledge gaps and to delineate the specific roles of vitamin D signaling in reproductive biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janelle Luk
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, 333 Cedar Street, P.O. Box 208063, Yale University School of Medicine, NewHaven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Saioa Torrealday
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, 333 Cedar Street, P.O. Box 208063, Yale University School of Medicine, NewHaven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Genevieve Neal Perry
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women's Health, NY, USA
- Dominick Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, NY, USA
- Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, NY, USA
| | - Lubna Pal
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, 333 Cedar Street, P.O. Box 208063, Yale University School of Medicine, NewHaven, CT 06520, USA
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Zhu Q, Li N, Han Q, Li Z, Zhang G, Li F, Zhang P, Chen J, Lv Y, Liu Z. Single-nucleotide polymorphism at CYP27B1-1260, but not VDR Taq I, is possibly associated with persistent hepatitis B virus infection. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2012; 16:1115-21. [PMID: 22963605 PMCID: PMC3438824 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2012.0148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D, beyond its role in calcium and bone metabolism, exhibits immunomodulatory effects on innate and adaptive immune pathways and is suggestively related to liver diseases. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in genes involved in vitamin D functions with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. METHODS Five hundred Chinese Han subjects, including 274 chronic HBV patients, 68 HBV infection resolvers, and 158 healthy controls without HBV infection, were studied. The CYP27B1-1260 promoter and the VDR Taq I polymorphisms were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS Although there was no difference between HBV patients and healthy controls, HBV patients and healthy controls had a higher frequency of the CYP27B1-1260 genotype CC (15.0% vs. 2.9%, p=0.004 and 13.3% vs. 2.9%, p=0.006, respectively) and allele C (38.3% vs. 25.7%, p=0.006 and 39.2% vs. 25.7%, p=0.006, respectively) compared with resolvers. The genotype and allele frequencies of the VDR Taq I polymorphism had no difference between patients, resolvers, and healthy controls. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the CYP27B1-1260 promoter polymorphism is possibly associated with the persistence, but not susceptibility to HBV infection in Chinese HBV patients, and that the VDR Taq I polymorphism is not suggested to be related to chronic HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zhu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qunying Han
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhu Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guoyu Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pingping Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jinghong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes related to Diseases, Institute of Endemic Diseases, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi Lv
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
- Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhengwen Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
- Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
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Park MR, Lee JH, Park MS, Hwang JE, Shim HJ, Cho SH, Chung IJ, Bae WK. Suppressive effect of 19-nor-1α-25-dihydroxyvitamin D2 on gastric cancer cells and peritoneal metastasis model. J Korean Med Sci 2012; 27:1037-43. [PMID: 22969249 PMCID: PMC3429820 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2012.27.9.1037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Accepted: 06/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The active metabolite of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (calcitriol), inhibits the growth of several types of human cancer cells in vitro, but its therapeutic use is limited because it causes hypercalcemia. Among its analogs, 19-nor-1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(2) (paricalcitol), has fewer calcemic effects and exhibits an activity equipotent to that of calcitriol. We assessed the antitumor and anti-inflammatory effects of paricalcitol in gastric cancer cells, and evaluated the potential role of vitamin D in the treatment of peritoneal metastatic gastric cancer. In this study, treatment with paricalcitol inhibited gastric cancer cell growth and induced cell cycle arrest. Paricalcitol also induced apoptosis and showed anti-inflammatory activity. Moreover, the growth of intraperitoneal metastases in vivo was reduced in mice treated with paricalcitol. (18)F-FDG uptake was significantly lower in the paricalcitol group compared to control group (SUV; control group 13.2 ± 5.3 vs paricalcitol group 4.5 ± 3.0). Intraperitoneal tumor volume was significantly lower in paricalcitol treated mice (control group 353.2 ± 22.9 mm(3) vs paricalcitol group 252.0 ± 8.4 mm(3)). These results suggest that the vitamin D analog, paricalcitol, has anticancer activity on gastric cancer cells by regulation of the cell cycle, apoptosis, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Ra Park
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
- Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Ji Hee Lee
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Myung Suk Park
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jun Eul Hwang
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hyun Jeong Shim
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sang Hee Cho
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Ik-Joo Chung
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Woo Kyun Bae
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
- Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
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Dicken CL, Israel DD, Davis JB, Sun Y, Shu J, Hardin J, Neal-Perry G. Peripubertal vitamin D(3) deficiency delays puberty and disrupts the estrous cycle in adult female mice. Biol Reprod 2012; 87:51. [PMID: 22572998 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.111.096511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism(s) by which vitamin D(3) regulates female reproduction is minimally understood. We tested the hypothesis that peripubertal vitamin D(3) deficiency disrupts hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian physiology. To test this hypothesis, we used wild-type mice and Cyp27b1 (the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3)) null mice to study the effect of vitamin D(3) deficiency on puberty and reproductive physiology. At the time of weaning, mice were randomized to a vitamin D(3)-replete or -deficient diet supplemented with calcium. We assessed the age of vaginal opening and first estrus (puberty markers), gonadotropin levels, ovarian histology, ovarian responsiveness to exogenous gonadotropins, and estrous cyclicity. Peripubertal vitamin D(3) deficiency significantly delayed vaginal opening without affecting the number of GnRH-immunopositive neurons or estradiol-negative feedback on gonadotropin levels during diestrus. Young adult females maintained on a vitamin D(3)-deficient diet after puberty had arrested follicular development and prolonged estrous cycles characterized by extended periods of diestrus. Ovaries of vitamin D(3)-deficient Cyp27b1 null mice responded to exogenous gonadotropins and deposited significantly more oocytes into the oviducts than mice maintained on a vitamin D(3)-replete diet. Estrous cycles were restored when vitamin D(3)-deficient Cyp27b1 null young adult females were transferred to a vitamin D(3)-replete diet. This study is the first to demonstrate that peripubertal vitamin D(3) sufficiency is important for an appropriately timed pubertal transition and maintenance of normal female reproductive physiology. These data suggest vitamin D(3) is a key regulator of neuroendocrine and ovarian physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cary L Dicken
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women's Health, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
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Caiozzi G, Wong BS, Ricketts ML. Dietary modification of metabolic pathways via nuclear hormone receptors. Cell Biochem Funct 2012; 30:531-51. [PMID: 23027406 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.2842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2011] [Revised: 04/07/2012] [Accepted: 05/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear hormone receptors (NHRs), as ligand-dependent transcription factors, have emerged as important mediators in the control of whole body metabolism. Because of the promiscuous nature of several members of this superfamily that have been found to bind ligand with lower affinity than the classical steroid NHRs, they consequently display a broader ligand selectivity. This promiscuous nature has facilitated various bioactive dietary components being able to act as agonist ligands for certain members of the NHR superfamily. By binding to these NHRs, bioactive dietary components are able to mediate changes in various metabolic pathways, including, glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride homeostasis among others. This review will provide a general overview of the nuclear hormone receptors that have been shown to be activated by dietary components. The physiological consequences of such receptor activation by these dietary components will then be discussed in more detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianella Caiozzi
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition and Veterinary Sciences, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA
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Sato-Deguchi E, Imafuku S, Chou B, Ishii K, Hiromatsu K, Nakayama J. Topical vitamin D₃ analogues induce thymic stromal lymphopoietin and cathelicidin in psoriatic skin lesions. Br J Dermatol 2012; 167:77-84. [PMID: 22384824 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.10917.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease of unknown aetiology, and an active form of vitamin D(3) (1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3)) and its analogues (VD3As) are widely used topical reagents for psoriasis treatment. Besides their well-known calcium homeostasis functions, VD3As have been shown to have various immune-modulating effects including the induction of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), a master cytokine for inducing Th2 inflammation, in mouse models, but not yet in human psoriasis. VD3As also have been shown to induce cathelicidin, an antimicrobial peptide and strong inducer of innate immunity. Cathelicidin is overexpressed in psoriatic skin lesions; however, its role in this disease seems as yet inconclusive. OBJECTIVES To clarify whether topical VD3As induce TSLP and cathelicidin, and to examine the modulation of expression patterns of related cytokines in human psoriatic lesions. METHODS Skin biopsy samples from psoriatic lesions with or without VD3A treatment were subjected to immunohistochemical staining and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analyses to measure the expression levels of various cytokines. RESULTS Significantly higher levels of TSLP, thymus and activation-related chemokine and CCR4 expression were observed in VD3A+ skin samples than in VD3A- samples. In contrast, significantly lower levels of interleukin (IL)-12/23 p40, IL-1α, IL-1β and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α expression were observed in the VD3A+ samples than in the VD3A- samples. Expression of cathelicidin was elevated in VD3A+ samples. CONCLUSIONS Topical VD3As induce TSLP and cathelicidin in psoriatic lesions, resulting in suppression of IL-12/23 p40, IL-1α, IL-1β and TNF-α, thereby ameliorating psoriatic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Sato-Deguchi
- Departments of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
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Bhatia V, Mula RV, Falzon M. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D(3) regulates PTHrP expression via transcriptional, post-transcriptional and post-translational pathways. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2011; 342:32-40. [PMID: 21664243 PMCID: PMC3148329 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2011.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2011] [Revised: 05/03/2011] [Accepted: 05/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) increases the growth and osteolytic potential of prostate cancer cells, making it important to control PTHrP expression. PTHrP expression is suppressed by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25D). The aim of this study was to identify the pathways via which 1,25D exerts these effects. Our main findings are that 1,25D regulates PTHrP levels via multiple pathways in PC-3 and C4-2 (human prostate cancer) cell lines, and regulation is dependent on VDR expression. The human PTHrP gene has three promoters (P); PC-3 cells preferentially utilize P2 and P3, while C4-2 cells preferentially utilize P1. 1,25D regulates PTHrP transcriptional activity from both P1 and P3. The 1,25D-mediated decrease in PTHrP mRNA levels also involves a post-transcriptional pathway since 1,25D decreases PTHrP mRNA stability. 1,25D also suppresses PTHrP expression directly at the protein level by increasing its degradation. Regulation of PTHrP levels is dependent on VDR expression, as using siRNAs to deplete VDR expression negates the 1,25D-mediated downregulation of PTHrP expression. These results indicate the importance of maintaining adequate 1,25D levels and VDR status to control PTHrP levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandanajay Bhatia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Ramanjaneya V. Mula
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Miriam Falzon
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Sealy Center for Cancer Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
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Lambrinoudaki I, Kaparos G, Armeni E, Alexandrou A, Damaskos C, Logothetis E, Creatsa M, Antoniou A, Kouskouni E, Triantafyllou N. BsmI vitamin D receptor’s polymorphism and bone mineral density in men and premenopausal women on long-term antiepileptic therapy. Eur J Neurol 2010; 18:93-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2010.03103.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Bergren T, Heuberger R. Vitamin D and breast cancer prevention: practical guidelines for clinicians. Nurs Womens Health 2010; 14:368-375. [PMID: 20955525 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-486x.2010.01575.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
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41
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Frazier-Bowers SA, Puranik CP, Mahaney MC. The etiology of eruption disorders - further evidence of a 'genetic paradigm'. Semin Orthod 2010; 16:180-185. [PMID: 20830195 DOI: 10.1053/j.sodo.2010.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The clinical spectrum of tooth eruption disorders includes both syndromic and non-syndromic problems ranging from delayed eruption to a complete failure of eruption. A defect in the differential apposition/resorption mechanism in alveolar bone can cause conditions such as tooth ankylosis, primary failure of eruption, failure of eruption due to inadequate arch length and canine impaction. As our knowledge of the molecular events underlying normal tooth eruption has increased, so too has our understanding of clinical eruption disorders. The recent finding that one gene, parathyroid hormone receptor 1 (PTH1R), is causative for familial cases of primary failure of eruption (PFE) suggests that other disturbances in tooth eruption may have a genetic etiology. In this report, we evaluated the current terminology (ankylosis, PFE, secondary retention, etc.) used to describe non-syndromic eruption disorders, in light of this genetic discovery. We observed that some individuals previously diagnosed with ankylosis were subsequently found to have alterations in the PTH1R gene, indicating the initial misdiagnosis of ankylosis and the necessary re-classification of PFE. We further investigated the relationship of the PTH1R gene, using a network pathway analysis, to determine its connectivity to previously identified genes that are critical to normal tooth eruption. We found that PTH1R acts in a pathway with genes such as PTHrP that have been shown to be important in bone remodeling, hence eruption, in a rat model. Thus, recent advances in our understanding of normal and abnormal tooth eruption should allow us in the future to develop a clinical nomenclature system based more on the molecular genetic cause of the eruption failures versus the clinical appearance of the various eruption disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia A Frazier-Bowers
- Department of Orthodontics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, Tel: (919) 966-2762, ,
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Abstract
Autophagy is an ancient mechanism of protein degradation and a novel antimicrobial strategy. With respect to host defences against mycobacteria, autophagy plays a crucial role in antimycobacterial resistance, and contributes to immune surveillance of intracellular pathogens and vaccine efficacy. Vitamin D3 contributes to host immune responses against Mycobacterium tuberculosis through LL-37/hCAP-18, which is the only cathelicidin identified to date in humans. In this review, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of host immune strategies against mycobacteria, including vitamin D-mediated innate immunity and autophagy activation. This review also addresses our current understanding regarding the autophagy connection to principal innate machinery, such as ubiquitin- or inflammasome-involved pathways. Integrated dialog between autophagy and innate immunity may contribute to adequate host immune defences against mycobacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Kyeong Jo
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Jungku, Daejeon, Korea.
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43
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Gombart AF. The vitamin D-antimicrobial peptide pathway and its role in protection against infection. Future Microbiol 2010; 4:1151-65. [PMID: 19895218 DOI: 10.2217/fmb.09.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency has been correlated with increased rates of infection. Since the early 19th century, both environmental (i.e., sunlight) and dietary sources (cod liver) of vitamin D have been identified as treatments for TB. The recent discovery that vitamin D induces antimicrobial peptide gene expression explains, in part, the 'antibiotic' effect of vitamin D and has greatly renewed interest in the ability of vitamin D to improve immune function. Subsequent work indicates that this regulation is biologically important for the response of the innate immune system to wounds and infection and that deficiency may lead to suboptimal responses toward bacterial and viral infections. The regulation of the cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide gene is a human/primate-specific adaptation and is not conserved in other mammals. The capacity of the vitamin D receptor to act as a high-affinity receptor for vitamin D and a low-affinity receptor for secondary bile acids and potentially other novel nutritional compounds suggests that the evolutionary selection to place the cathelicidin gene under control of the vitamin D receptor allows for its regulation under both endocrine and xenobiotic response systems. Future studies in both humans and humanized mouse models will elucidate the importance of this regulation and lead to the development of potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian F Gombart
- Linus Pauling Institute, Department of Biochemisty & Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, 97331-7305, USA.
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44
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Possible renoprotection by vitamin D in chronic renal disease: beyond mineral metabolism. Nat Rev Nephrol 2009; 5:691-700. [DOI: 10.1038/nrneph.2009.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Hughes PJ, Brown G. Interplay between signalling pathways mediates 1,25alpha-dihydroxyvitamin D3-driven monocytic differentiation--JNKs are important. Leuk Res 2009; 33:1298-300. [PMID: 19428105 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2009.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2009] [Revised: 03/16/2009] [Accepted: 03/16/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Chung I, Han G, Seshadri M, Gillard BM, Yu WD, Foster BA, Trump DL, Johnson CS. Role of vitamin D receptor in the antiproliferative effects of calcitriol in tumor-derived endothelial cells and tumor angiogenesis in vivo. Cancer Res 2009; 69:967-75. [PMID: 19141646 PMCID: PMC2752059 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-08-2307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol), the major active form of vitamin D, is antiproliferative in tumor cells and tumor-derived endothelial cells (TDEC). These actions of calcitriol are mediated at least in part by vitamin D receptor (VDR), which is expressed in many tissues including endothelial cells. To investigate the role of VDR in calcitriol effects on tumor vasculature, we established TRAMP-2 tumors subcutaneously into either VDR wild-type (WT) or knockout (KO) mice. Within 30 days post-inoculation, tumors in KO mice were larger than those in WT (P < 0.001). TDEC from WT expressed VDR and were able to transactivate a reporter gene whereas TDEC from KO mice were not. Treatment with calcitriol resulted in growth inhibition in TDEC expressing VDR. However, TDEC from KO mice were relatively resistant, suggesting that calcitriol-mediated growth inhibition on TDEC is VDR-dependent. Further analysis of the TRAMP-C2 tumor sections revealed that the vessels in KO mice were enlarged and had less pericyte coverage compared with WT (P < 0.001). Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging showed an increase in vascular volume of TRAMP tumors grown in VDR KO mice compared with WT mice (P < 0.001) and FITC-dextran permeability assay suggested a higher extent of vascular leakage in tumors from KO mice. Using ELISA and Western blot analysis, there was an increase of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha, vascular endothelial growth factor, angiopoietin 1, and platelet-derived growth factor-BB levels observed in tumors from KO mice. These results indicate that calcitriol-mediated antiproliferative effects on TDEC are VDR-dependent and loss of VDR can lead to abnormal tumor angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivy Chung
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - Guangzhou Han
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - Mukund Seshadri
- Department of Cancer Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - Bryan M. Gillard
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - Wei-dong Yu
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - Barbara A. Foster
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - Donald L. Trump
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - Candace S. Johnson
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
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Carless M, Kraska T, Lintell N, Neale R, Green A, Griffiths L. Polymorphisms of theVDRgene are associated with presence of solar keratoses on the skin. Br J Dermatol 2008; 159:804-10. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08745.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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49
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Gissel T, Rejnmark L, Mosekilde L, Vestergaard P. Intake of vitamin D and risk of breast cancer--a meta-analysis. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2008; 111:195-9. [PMID: 18590821 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2008.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2008] [Revised: 05/29/2008] [Accepted: 06/05/2008] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D insufficiency has been shown to be associated with a number of conditions including diabetes, multiple sclerosis and the overall risk of cancer. We aimed at studying the association between vitamin D intake and risk of breast cancer in a meta-analysis. We searched Pubmed, Embase, and Web of Science using the MESH terms "vitamin D" and "breast cancer". A total of 1731 studies were identified, but only 6 studies contained original data on the association between intake of vitamin D and risk of breast cancer. Overall there was no association between amount of vitamin D and risk of breast cancer (RR=0.98, 95% CI: 0.93-1.03, test for heterogeneity p<0.01). However, most studies reported on very low intakes of vitamin D (typically in the range 100-400 IU/day). Restricting the analyses to intakes > or =400 IU/day yielded a more homogenous result with a trend towards less breast cancer with > or =400 IU/day vs. the lowest intake (typically <50-150 IU/day), RR=0.92, 95% CI: 0.87-0.97, p for heterogeneity 0.14. In conclusion there may be a trend towards fewer cases of breast cancer with higher intakes of vitamin D (> or =400 IU/day). However, more research is needed, preferably in the form of randomized-controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Gissel
- The Osteoporosis Clinic, Aarhus Amtssygehus, Aarhus University Hospital, Tage Hansens Gade 2, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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Hormone receptor-related gene polymorphisms and prostate cancer risk in North Indian population. Mol Cell Biochem 2008; 314:25-35. [PMID: 18483761 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-008-9761-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2007] [Accepted: 04/07/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyse the frequency and type of mutations in the coding region of androgen receptor (AR) and to determine the role of polymorphisms in the intron 1 of ERalpha, exon 5 of ERbeta, intron 7 of progesterone, exon 7 of the aromatase (CYP19) and exon 9 of VDR genes in the risk of prostate cancer. PCR-RFLP analysis of all above the genes was on 100 prostate cancer patients and an equal number of matching controls. The study also included PCR-SSCP analyses of exons 2-8 of AR gene. The genotype containing -/- allele of ERalpha gene was statistically significant for the risk of prostate cancer pose (OR, 2.70; 95% CI, 1.08-6.70, P = 0.032) Rr genotype of ERbeta gene also have a higher risk (OR, 1.65; 95% CI, 0.52-5.23) for prostate cancer. The Cys allele of CYP19 gene was also associated with statistically significant increased risk of prostate cancer (OR; 2.28, 95% CI, 1.20-4.35, P = 0.012). tt genotype of codon 352 of VDR gene showed an OR of 0.43 for (95% CI, 0.13-1.39) and an OR for Tt genotype was 0.65 (95% CI, 0.36-1.16). Taken together, the results showed that in North Indian population, ERalpha and CYP19 genes may be playing a role in the risk of prostate cancer.
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