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Ran Z, Wu S, Ma Z, Chen X, Liu J, Yang J. Advances in exosome biomarkers for cervical cancer. Cancer Med 2022; 11:4966-4978. [PMID: 35578572 PMCID: PMC9761094 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) ranks as the fourth most frequently diagnosed malignancy in females worldwide. Exosomes are a subclass of extracellular vesicles released by nearly all types of cells that act as cargo transport vehicles, carrying proteins, and genetic material (such as miRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and mRNAs) derived from their parent cells may affect receiving cells and thus have emerged as key players in several biological processes, including inflammatory pathways. In this review, we concentrated on the findings of exosome investigations in CC, particularly their components. They direct the actions of CC cells by inducing surface molecules associated with various biological pathways. We summarized the current knowledge of exosomal RNAs and proteins from CC cells and discussed the feasibility of exosomes as potential biomarkers for CC. We suggest that cancer-derived exosomes promote metastasis in CC by supporting EMT, controlling the proliferation, invasion, or migration of cancer cells, as well as influencing immune escape and aiding angiogenesis. Overall, cancer-derived exosomes are critical in the progression of CC, and further studies are necessary to advance our understanding of the clinical value of exosomes in CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Ran
- Department of ResearchShanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu HospitalShanghaiChina,Inspection and Quarantine Department, The College of Medical TechnologyShanghai University of Medicine & Health SciencesShanghaiChina,The Genius Medicine Consortium (TGMC)ShanghaiChina
| | - Shaobo Wu
- Inspection and Quarantine Department, The College of Medical TechnologyShanghai University of Medicine & Health SciencesShanghaiChina,The Genius Medicine Consortium (TGMC)ShanghaiChina
| | - Zijng Ma
- Inspection and Quarantine Department, The College of Medical TechnologyShanghai University of Medicine & Health SciencesShanghaiChina,The Genius Medicine Consortium (TGMC)ShanghaiChina
| | - Xiuwen Chen
- Inspection and Quarantine Department, The College of Medical TechnologyShanghai University of Medicine & Health SciencesShanghaiChina,The Genius Medicine Consortium (TGMC)ShanghaiChina
| | - Jing Liu
- Inspection and Quarantine Department, The College of Medical TechnologyShanghai University of Medicine & Health SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Jingcheng Yang
- The Genius Medicine Consortium (TGMC)ShanghaiChina,State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences and Shanghai Cancer CenterFudan UniversityShanghaiChina,Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision MedicineGuangzhouChina
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2
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Zhou ZW, Long HZ, Xu SG, Li FJ, Cheng Y, Luo HY, Gao LC. Therapeutic Effects of Natural Products on Cervical Cancer: Based on Inflammatory Pathways. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:899208. [PMID: 35645817 PMCID: PMC9136176 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.899208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a protective response of the body to an irritant. When an inflammatory response occurs, immune cells are recruited to the injury, eliminating the irritation. The excessive inflammatory response can cause harm to the organism. Inflammation has been found to contribute to cervical cancer if there is a problem with the regulation of inflammatory response. Cervical cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors globally, and the incidence tends to be younger. The harm of cervical cancer cannot be ignored. The standard treatments for cervical cancer include surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, the prognosis for this treatment is poor, so it is urgent to find a safer and more effective treatment. Natural products are considered excellent candidates for the treatment of cervical cancer. In this review, we first describe the mechanisms by which inflammation induces cervical cancer. Subsequently, we highlight natural products that can treat cervical cancer through inflammatory pathways. We also introduce natural products for the treatment of cervical cancer in clinical trials. Finally, methods to improve the anticancer properties of natural products were added, and the development status of natural products was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Wei Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, University of South China, Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Changsha, China
| | - Hui-Zhi Long
- School of Pharmacy, University of South China, Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Changsha, China
| | - Shuo-Guo Xu
- School of Pharmacy, University of South China, Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Changsha, China
| | - Feng-Jiao Li
- School of Pharmacy, University of South China, Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, University of South China, Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Changsha, China
| | - Hong-Yu Luo
- School of Pharmacy, University of South China, Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Changsha, China
| | - Li-Chen Gao
- School of Pharmacy, University of South China, Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Changsha, China
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3
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Li M, Wu C, Muhammad JS, Yan D, Tsuneyama K, Hatta H, Cui ZG, Inadera H. Melatonin sensitises shikonin-induced cancer cell death mediated by oxidative stress via inhibition of the SIRT3/SOD2-AKT pathway. Redox Biol 2020; 36:101632. [PMID: 32863233 PMCID: PMC7358455 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent research suggests that melatonin (Mel), an endogenous hormone and natural supplement, possesses anti-proliferative effects and can sensitise cells to anti-cancer therapies. Although shikonin (SHK) also possesses potential anti-cancer properties, the poor solubility and severe systemic toxicity of this compound hinders its clinical usage. In this study, we combined Mel and SHK, a potentially promising chemotherapeutic drug combination, with the aim of reducing the toxicity of SHK and enhancing the overall anti-cancer effects. We demonstrate for the first time that Mel potentiates the cytotoxic effects of SHK on cancer cells by inducing oxidative stress via inhibition of the SIRT3/SOD2-AKT pathway. Particularly, Mel-SHK treatment induced oxidative stress, increased mitochondrial calcium accumulation and reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential in various cancer cells, leading to apoptosis. This drug combination also promoted endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, leading to AKT dephosphorylation. In HeLa cells, Mel-SHK treatment reduced SIRT3/SOD2 expression and SOD2 activity, while SIRT3 overexpression dramatically reduced Mel-SHK-induced oxidative stress, ER stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis. Hence, we propose the combination of Mel and SHK as a novel candidate chemotherapeutic regimen that targets the SIRT3/SOD2-AKT pathway in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengling Li
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Chengai Wu
- Institute of Orthopaedic Trauma, Xicheng District Xinjiekou East Street on the 31st, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Jibran Sualeh Muhammad
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dan Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Koichi Tsuneyama
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hideki Hatta
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Zheng-Guo Cui
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan; Department of Environmental Health, University of Fukui School of Medical Science, University of Fukui, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan.
| | - Hidekuni Inadera
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
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4
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Li Y, Ding Y, Ding N, Zhang H, Lu M, Cui X, Yu X. MicroRNA-625-5p Sponges lncRNA MALAT1 to Inhibit Cervical Carcinoma Cell Growth by Suppressing NF-κB Signaling. Cell Biochem Biophys 2020; 78:217-225. [PMID: 32152961 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-020-00904-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The exact expression profile and potential involvement of miR-625-5p in the tumor biology of cervical carcinoma are still elusive. In this study, we aimed to analyze the expression status and possible involvements of miR-625-5p in both clinical tissue samples and cell culture of cervical carcinoma. The relative expression levels of miR-625-5p and NF-κB transcript were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Cell proliferation was measured using Cell Counting Kit-8. The protein levels of Cyclin D1, CDK4, NF-κB, and GAPDH were examined by Western blotting. The regulatory effects of miR-625-5p on NF-κB and MALAT1 were interrogated by luciferase reporter assay. We demonstrated that miR-625-5p was downregulated and predicted better survival in cervical carcinoma. Ectopic over-expression of miR-625-5p inhibited cell growth via targeting NF-κB. We further identified MALAT1 as the competitive endogenous long non-coding RNA for miR-625-5p, and over-expression of MALAT1 attenuated the inhibitory effect of miR-625-5p on NF-κB signaling in cervical carcinoma. Our study characterized the suppressive expression of miR-625-5p in cervical carcinoma and unraveled the importance of MALAT1/miR-625-5p/NF-κB signaling in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Li
- Department of Gynaecology, Zibo Central Hospital, No. 54 Gongqingtuan West Road, Zhangdian District, Zibo, 255036, Shandong, China
| | - Yumei Ding
- Department of Gynaecology, Zibo Central Hospital, No. 54 Gongqingtuan West Road, Zhangdian District, Zibo, 255036, Shandong, China
| | - Ning Ding
- Department of Gynaecology, Zibo Central Hospital, No. 54 Gongqingtuan West Road, Zhangdian District, Zibo, 255036, Shandong, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology, Zibo Central Hospital, No. 54 Gongqingtuan West Road, Zhangdian District, Zibo, 255036, Shandong, China
| | - Ming Lu
- Department of Gynaecology, Zibo Central Hospital, No. 54 Gongqingtuan West Road, Zhangdian District, Zibo, 255036, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaorong Cui
- Department of Gynaecology, Zibo Central Hospital, No. 54 Gongqingtuan West Road, Zhangdian District, Zibo, 255036, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaohui Yu
- Department of Gynaecology, Zibo Central Hospital, No. 54 Gongqingtuan West Road, Zhangdian District, Zibo, 255036, Shandong, China.
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Nahand JS, Moghoofei M, Salmaninejad A, Bahmanpour Z, Karimzadeh M, Nasiri M, Mirzaei HR, Pourhanifeh MH, Bokharaei‐Salim F, Mirzaei H, Hamblin MR. Pathogenic role of exosomes and microRNAs in HPV-mediated inflammation and cervical cancer: A review. Int J Cancer 2020; 146:305-320. [PMID: 31566705 PMCID: PMC6999596 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most common cause of cancer death in women. The most important risk factor for the development of CC is cervical infection with human papilloma virus (HPV). Inflammation is a protective strategy that is triggered by the host against pathogens such as viral infections that acts rapidly to activate the innate immune response. Inflammation is beneficial if it is brief and well controlled; however, if the inflammation is excessive or it becomes of chronic duration, it can produce detrimental effects. HPV proteins are involved, both directly and indirectly, in the development of chronic inflammation, which is a causal factor in the development of CC. However, other factors may also have a potential role in stimulating chronic inflammation. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) (a class of noncoding RNAs) are strong regulators of gene expression. They have emerged as key players in several biological processes, including inflammatory pathways. Abnormal expression of miRNAs may be linked to the induction of inflammation that occurs in CC. Exosomes are a subset of extracellular vesicles shed by almost all types of cells, which can function as cargo transfer vehicles. Exosomes contain proteins and genetic material (including miRNAs) derived from their parent cells and can potentially affect recipient cells. Exosomes have recently been recognized to be involved in inflammatory processes and can also affect the immune response. In this review, we discuss the role of HPV proteins, miRNAs and exosomes in the inflammation associated with CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javid Sadri Nahand
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Moghoofei
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Arash Salmaninejad
- Drug Applied Research Center, Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Bahmanpour
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Karimzadeh
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Nasiri
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Pourhanifeh
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. Iran
| | - Farah Bokharaei‐Salim
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. Iran
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 40 Blossom Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
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6
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HPV-Mediated Resistance to TNF and TRAIL Is Characterized by Global Alterations in Apoptosis Regulatory Factors, Dysregulation of Death Receptors, and Induction of ROS/RNS. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20010198. [PMID: 30625987 PMCID: PMC6337392 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20010198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Persistent infection with high-risk human papilloma virus (HR-HPV) is the main risk factor for the development of invasive cervical cancer although is not sufficient to cause cervical cancer. Several host and environmental factors play a key role in cancer initiation/progression, including cytokines and other immune-response mediators. Here, we characterized the response to the individual and combined action of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) on HPV-transformed cells and human keratinocytes ectopically expressing E6 and E7 early proteins from different HPV types. We showed that keratinocytes expressing HPV early proteins exhibited global alterations in the expression of proteins involved in apoptosis regulation/execution, including TNF and TRAIL receptors. Besides, we provided evidence that TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1) was down-regulated and may be retained in the cytoplasm of keratinocytes expressing HPV16 oncoproteins. Finally, fluorescence analysis demonstrated that cytokine treatment induced the production and release of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) in cells expressing HPV oncogenes. Alterations in ROS/RNS production and apoptosis regulatory factors expression in response to inflammatory mediators may favor the accumulation of genetic alterations in HPV-infected cells. Altogether, our results suggested that these events may contribute to lesion progression and cancer onset.
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7
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Khan R, Khan A, Ali A, Idrees M. The interplay between viruses and TRIM family proteins. Rev Med Virol 2019; 29:e2028. [PMID: 30609250 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Novel therapeutic options are urgently needed to improve the global treatment of viral infections. Tripartite motif (TRIM) family proteins are involved in various biological and cellular functions including differentiation, development, proliferation, oncogenesis, innate immunity, and viral autophagy. Various TRIM proteins show antiviral properties against different viral infections and are now transitioning from ubiquitin proteins to an efficient and emerging therapeutic class of proteins. TRIM proteins combat viruses by targeting them at pre/post transcription levels. This review summarizes the comprehensive roles of different TRIM proteins along with their expression systems and their applications towards antiviral therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramisha Khan
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Centre for Applied Molecular Biology (CAMB), 87-West Canal Bank Road Thokar Niaz Baig, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Amna Khan
- Institute of Quality and Technology Management, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Ali
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Centre for Applied Molecular Biology (CAMB), 87-West Canal Bank Road Thokar Niaz Baig, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.,Department of Genetics, Hazara University, Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Idrees
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Centre for Applied Molecular Biology (CAMB), 87-West Canal Bank Road Thokar Niaz Baig, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.,Hazara University, Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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Tilborghs S, Corthouts J, Verhoeven Y, Arias D, Rolfo C, Trinh XB, van Dam PA. The role of Nuclear Factor-kappa B signaling in human cervical cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2017; 120:141-150. [PMID: 29198328 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Nuclear Factor kappaB (NF-kB) family consists of transcription factors that play a complex and essential role in the regulation of immune responses and inflammation. NF-kB has recently generated considerable interest as it has been implicated in human cancer initiation, progression and resistance to treatment. In the present comprehensive review the different aspects of NF-kB signaling in the carcinogenesis of cancer of the uterine cervix are discussed. NF-kB functions as part of a network, which determines the pattern of its effects on the expression of several other genes (such as crosstalks with reactive oxygen species, p53, STAT3 and miRNAS) and thus its function. Activation of NF-kB triggered by a HPV infection is playing an important role in the innate and adaptive immune response of the host. The virus induces down regulation of NF-kB to liquidate the inhibitory activity for its replication triggered by the immune system leading a status of persistant HPV infection. During the progression to high grade intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer NF-KB becomes constitutionally activated again. Mutations in NF-kB genes are rare in solid tumors but mutations of upstream signaling molecules such as RAS, EGFR, PGF, HER2 have been implicated in elevated NF-kB signaling. NF-kB can stimulate transcription of proliferation regulating genes (eg. cyclin D1 and c-myc), genes involved in metastasis, VEGF dependent angiogenesis and cell immortality by telomerase. NF-kB activation can also induce the expression of activation-induced cytodine deaminase (AID) and the APOBEC proteins, providing a mechanistic link between the NF-kB pathway and mutagenic characteristic of cervical cancer. Inhibition of NF-kB has the potential to be used to reverse resistance to radiotherapy and systemic anti-cancer medication, but currently no clinicaly active NF-kB targeting strategies are available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Tilborghs
- Multidisciplinary Oncologic Centre Antwerp (MOCA) Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Jerome Corthouts
- Multidisciplinary Oncologic Centre Antwerp (MOCA) Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Yannick Verhoeven
- Multidisciplinary Oncologic Centre Antwerp (MOCA) Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - David Arias
- Phase I - Early Clinical Trials Unit & Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Antwerp University, Belgium
| | - Christian Rolfo
- Multidisciplinary Oncologic Centre Antwerp (MOCA) Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium; Phase I - Early Clinical Trials Unit & Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Antwerp University, Belgium
| | - Xuan Bich Trinh
- Multidisciplinary Oncologic Centre Antwerp (MOCA) Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium; Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Antwerp University Hospital & Centre of Oncologic Research (CORE), Antwerp University, Belgium
| | - Peter A van Dam
- Multidisciplinary Oncologic Centre Antwerp (MOCA) Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium; Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Antwerp University Hospital & Centre of Oncologic Research (CORE), Antwerp University, Belgium.
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9
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Chandrasekaran KS, Sathyanarayanan A, Karunagaran D. miR-214 activates TP53 but suppresses the expression of RELA, CTNNB1, and STAT3 in human cervical and colorectal cancer cells. Cell Biochem Funct 2017; 35:464-471. [PMID: 29023799 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
High Mobility Group AT-hook 1 (HMGA1) was identified as a target of miR-214 in human cervical and colorectal cancers (CaCx and CRC) in a previous study. While the expression of miR-214 remains suppressed, HMGA1 behaves as a potent oncogene and plays crucial roles in several aberrant signalling pathways by interacting with intermediates like RELA, CTNNB1, STAT3, and TP53 in CaCx and CRC. Hypothetically, miR-214 should be able to regulate the stabilization of some of these intermediates through the regulation of HMGA1. This was assessed by ectopically expressing miR-214 or complementarily, by inhibiting the expression of HMGA1. In promoter luciferase assays, miR-214 inhibited NF-κB and Wnt activities but elevated TP53 activity in cancer cells. Further, miR-214 suppressed the expression of HMGA1, RELA, CTNNB1, and STAT3 while elevating TP53 levels, similar to when small interfering RNA (siRNA) against HMGA1 was used, as revealed by Western blotting. It is suggested that poor expression of miR-214, commonly reported in CaCx and CRC tissues, may not only result in the sustained expression of HMGA1 but also that of RELA, CTNNB1, and STAT3, and a congruent suppression of TP53 during cancer initiation/progression. These several states are, however, reversed when miR-214 is reintroduced and could explain the tumour suppressive functions observed in earlier studies. Further studies are, however, required to reveal how microRNA-mediated regulation of HMGA1 expression may affect individual signalling pathways in CaCx and CRC. Current results reveal that miR-214 is not only able to regulate the expression of its direct target, HMGA1, but also that of a few signalling intermediates like TP53, RELA, CTNNB1, and STAT3, with which HMGA1 interacts. These intermediates play crucial roles in signalling pathways commonly deregulated in human CaCx and CRC. Hence, it is proposed that miR-214 might act as a tumour suppressor by regulating several aberrant signalling pathways through HMGA1. This knowledge has the potential to help design novel therapeutic strategies in CaCx and CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Subramanian Chandrasekaran
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anusha Sathyanarayanan
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Devarajan Karunagaran
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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10
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Ying Z, Wu Z, Li X, Dang H, Yin N, Gao C. NF-κB inhibition rescues Toll-like receptor 9 expression in human papillomavirus type 11 infected HaCaT cells. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2017; 10:9460-9467. [PMID: 31966819 PMCID: PMC6965996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are related to human papillomavirus (HPV) infections including condyloma acuminatum (CA). This study was designed to investigate the mechanism of TLR9 and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) in CA. METHODS Expression of TLR9 protein in CA patients was detected and compared with those in CA relapse-free (CaRF) patients and normal control. HaCaT cells were transfected with HPV11 genome and NF-κB p65 siRNA or IκB kinase inhibitor BMS345541. Expression of NF-κB and TLR9 were detected using both PCR and Western blot methods. RESULTS TLR9 was downregulated in CA specimens as compared to CaRF and normal controls. HPV11 transfection into HaCaT (HPV11.HaCaT) cells reduced TLR9 expression and activated NF-κB p65 expression. However, administration of NF-κB p65 siRNA or IκB kinase inhibitor BMS345541 significantly inhibited NF-κB p65 expression and rescued the expression of TLR9. CONCLUSION Inhibition of NF-κB activation could rescue TLR9 expression in HPV11.HaCaT cells. TLR9/NF-κB mechanism may provide new target for clinical treatment of CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuolin Ying
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, China
| | - Zhouwei Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Dang
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, China
| | - Na Yin
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, China
| | - Chuang Gao
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, China
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11
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HPV16-E2 protein modifies self-renewal and differentiation rate in progenitor cells of human immortalized keratinocytes. Virol J 2017; 14:65. [PMID: 28372578 PMCID: PMC5376701 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-017-0736-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer is the fourth cause of death worldwide by cancer in women and is a disease associated to persistent infection with human papillomavirus (HPV), particularly from two high-risk types HPV16 and 18. The virus initiates its replicative cycle infecting cells located in the basal layer of the epithelium, where a small population of epithelial stem cells is located performing important functions of renewal and maintenance of the tissue. Viral E2 gene is one of the first expressed after infection and plays relevant roles in the replicative cycle of the virus, modifying fundamental processes in the infected cells. Thus, the aim of the present study was to demonstrate the presence of hierarchic subpopulations in HaCaT cell line and evaluate the effect of HPV16-E2 expression, on their biological processes. METHODS HaCaT-HPV16-E2 cells were generated by transduction of HaCaT cell line with a lentiviral vector. The α6-integrin-CD71 expression profile was established by immunostaining and flow cytometric analysis. After sorting, cell subpopulations were analyzed in biological assays for self-renewal, clonogenicity and expression of stemness factors (RT-qPCR). RESULTS We identified in HaCaT cell line three different subpopulations that correspond to early differentiated cells (α6-integrindim), transitory amplifying cells (α6-integrinbri/CD71bri) and progenitor cells (α6-integrinbri/CD71dim). The last subpopulation showed stem cell characteristics, such as self-renewal ability, clonogenicity and expression of the well-known stem cell factors SOX2, OCT4 and NANOG, suggesting they are stem-like cells. Interestingly, the expression of HPV16-E2 in HaCaT cells changed its α6-integrin-CD71 immunophenotype modifying the relative abundance of the cell subpopulations, reducing significantly the percentage of α6-integrinbri/CD71dim cells. Moreover, the expression of the stem cell markers was also modified, increasing the expression of SOX2 and NANOG, but decreasing notably the expression of OCT4. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrated the presence of a small subpopulation with epithelial "progenitor cells" characteristics in the HaCaT cell line, and that HPV16-E2 expression on these cells induces early differentiation.
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Lin L, Zhao W, Sun B, Wang X, Liu Q. Overexpression of TRIM24 is correlated with the progression of human cervical cancer. Am J Transl Res 2017; 9:620-628. [PMID: 28337289 PMCID: PMC5340696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
TRIM24, originally known as intermediary factor 1-alpha, is involved in the development of several cancers. This study aimed to evaluate the expression level and prognostic value of TRIM24 in cervical cancer. In the present study, we showed that the expression of TRIM24 was markedly upregulated in cervical cancer cell lines and cancerous specimens at both transcriptional and translational levels. TRIM24 expression was analyzed in 147 archived cervical cancer specimens using immunohistochemistry, and the correlation between TRIM24 expression and clinicopathological parameters was evaluated. Statistical analysis suggested that TRIM24 expression was significantly correlated with clinical stage and (P=0.007) and lymphatic metastasis (P=0.001). Patients with higher TRIM24 expression had shorter overall (P=0.005) and recurrence-free (P=0.011) survival time. Moreover, we found that silencing TRIM24 by short hairpin RNAi caused an inhibition of cell migration and invasion. Further study indicated that TRIM24 induced cervical cancer cell migration and invasion was through the NF-κB and AKT signaling pathways. In conclusion, TRIM24 is overexpressed in cervical cancer and regulates malignant cell metastasis, which makes TRIM24 a candidate therapeutic target for cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Weihua Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Bo Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Qiao Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518000, China
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Rahmatulina MR, Nechaeva IA, Shalva M. Experience destructive therapy anogenital warts. VESTNIK DERMATOLOGII I VENEROLOGII 2016. [DOI: 10.25208/0042-4609-2016-92-5-96-101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. To assess the efficiency and tolerability of the Mardil Zinc Max, solution for external application, in topical therapy of patients with anogenital warts. Materials and methods. The study involved 58 women and 12 men at the age of 18 to 57 years old, suffering from anogenital warts. the diagnosis was confirmed by identification of human papillomavirus by the polymerase chain reaction in real time. All the patients were treated by the chemical destruction of anogenital warts with the 1.5% solution of zinc chloropropionate in 50% 2-chloropropionic acid (Mardil Zinc Max) by a single application of the solution on the pathological eruptions. The results of treatment were assessed in 2 weeks, in 1, 3, 6 and 9 months after the destructive therapy. Results. In 2 weeks 62 (88.6%) patients showed a clinical cure with complete tissue regeneration in the lesions, in 8 (11,4%) cases in areas of the preparation erosions were visualized in the epithelialization phase, and they completely resolved within 1 week. recurrences of anogenital warts were detected in 1 (1,4%) patient in the observation period up to 3 months and in 2 (2,8%) patients during 9 months after carrying out the destruction. Adverse drug events have not been identified in the course of therapy and follow-up. Conclusions. As a result of the treatment of anogenital warts with the Mardil Zinc Max high rate of performance and security was set (100%), as well as the low percentage (4,2%) of development of relapses.
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Sun B, Chen L, Fu H, Guo L, Guo H, Zhang N. Upregulation of RICTOR gene transcription by the proinflammatory cytokines through NF-κB pathway contributes to the metastasis of renal cell carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:4457-66. [PMID: 26500094 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4296-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis accounts for more than 50 % of deaths among renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients, and therefore, it is important to study the biology of metastasis and identify metastasis-associated biomarkers for risk prognosis and stratification of patients for an individualized therapy of RCC. In cultured RCC cells, knockdown of Rictor by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) inhibited cell migration and invasion, probably due to impairments in activation of Akt. Pretreatment with tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) or interleukin 6 (IL-6) enhanced the expression of Rictor and the migration of renal cancer cells. Mechanistic analysis showed that TNFα induced the activation of NF-κB in RCC cells. Luciferase reporter analysis revealed a NF-κB responding element (-301 to -51 bp) at the promoter region of Rictor. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analysis further confirmed that TNFα-induced binding of p65 with the promoter of Rictor. In a xenograft model, knockdown of Rictor-blocked RCC cells metastasis to the mouse lungs and livers. Taken together, our results suggest that the proinflammatory cytokine TNFα promotes the expression of Rictor through the NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Sun
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Liwei Chen
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Fu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Guo
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Guo
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ning Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China. .,Research Center of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China.
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