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Sumaira S, Vijayarathna S, Hemagirri M, Adnan M, Hassan MI, Patel M, Gupta R, Shanmugapriya, Chen Y, Gopinath SC, Kanwar JR, Sasidharan S. Plant bioactive compounds driven microRNAs (miRNAs): A potential source and novel strategy targeting gene and cancer therapeutics. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:1140-1158. [PMID: 39022680 PMCID: PMC11250886 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Irrespective of medical technology improvements, cancer ranks among the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Although numerous cures and treatments exist, creating alternative cancer therapies with fewer adverse side effects is vital. Since ancient times, plant bioactive compounds have already been used as a remedy to heal cancer. These plant bioactive compounds and their anticancer activity can also deregulate the microRNAs (miRNAs) in the cancerous cells. Therefore, the deregulation of miRNAs in cancer cells by plant bioactive compounds and the usage of the related miRNA could be a promising approach for cancer cure, mainly to prevent cancer and overcome chemotherapeutic side effect problems. Hence, this review highlights the function of plant bioactive compounds as an anticancer agent through the underlying mechanism that alters the miRNA expression in cancer cells, ultimately leading to apoptosis. Moreover, this review provides insight into using plant bioactive compounds -driven miRNAs as an anticancer agent to develop miRNA-based cancer gene therapy. They can be the potential resource for gene therapy and novel strategies targeting cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahreen Sumaira
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Soundararajan Vijayarathna
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Manisekaran Hemagirri
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail, P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Mitesh Patel
- Research and Development Cell and Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Vadodara, 391760, Gujarat, India
| | - Reena Gupta
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Department. Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, India
| | - Shanmugapriya
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Yeng Chen
- Department of Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Subash C.B. Gopinath
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Jagat R. Kanwar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), 174001, Bilaspur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Sreenivasan Sasidharan
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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Alnefaie SM, Alwagdani NM, Althobaiti RA, Almansori KM, Alalawi Y, Al-Kharashi EI, Al-Ameer A, Hadi MA. The relationship between phytoestrogen-rich supplements and breast cancer: A multicenter case-control study in Saudi Arabia. Int J Health Sci (Qassim) 2024; 18:35-42. [PMID: 39282130 PMCID: PMC11393387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives The prospective effect of phytoestrogen-rich supplements has been explored by many researchers in an attempt to reduce breast cancer (BC) risk worldwide. In Saudi Arabia, some widely used supplements have high phytoestrogen content. Therefore, we aimed to (1) assess the relationship between phytoestrogen supplements (PSs) that are widely used among women of Saudi Arabia and BC and (2) assess the relationship based on the menstrual status. Methods The study took place during 2020-2022 to assess several PSs using a case-control design that included five centers from different provinces around the country. A questionnaire was answered by the participants that included 381 (46%) cases (diagnosed with BC) and 449 (54%) controls (free of BC). The PS items were assessed individually and on the multivariant analysis model. Results Of the 12 phytoestrogen-rich supplements, soy milk showed a significant decrease in BC risk. However, Echinacea showed an increased risk of BC among its users. A subgroup analysis based on the menstrual status demonstrated an increased risk of BC among licorice root and green tea users on premenopausal and postmenopausal women, respectively. Conclusion Soy isoflavones continue to show a significant risk reduction that could be used for a modified approach to reduce the risk of BC. However, Echinacea, licorice root, and green tea have shown to increase the risk of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nawaf M Alwagdani
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashed A Althobaiti
- Department of General Surgery, Alhada Hospital for Armed Forces, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled M Almansori
- Department of General Surgery, Alhada Hospital for Armed Forces, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousef Alalawi
- Department of General Surgery, King Salman Hospital for Armed Forces, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eyad I Al-Kharashi
- Department of General Surgery, SB-Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Al-Ameer
- Department of General Surgery, King Abdullah Hospital, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Abdel Hadi
- Department of Surgery, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Lotfi MS, Rassouli FB. Natural Flavonoid Apigenin, an Effective Agent Against Nervous System Cancers. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:5572-5583. [PMID: 38206472 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-03917-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a serious public health concern worldwide, and nervous system (NS) cancers are among the most life-threatening malignancies. Efforts have been devoted to introduce natural anticancer agents with minimal side effects. Apigenin is an edible flavonoid that is abundantly found in many vegetables and fruits. Various pharmaceutical activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, antimicrobial, and anticancer effects have been reported for apigenin. This review provides insights into the therapeutic effects of apigenin and flavonoids with similar structure on glioblastoma and neuroblastoma. Current evidence indicates that apigenin has the unique ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, and its antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, neurogenic, and neuroprotective effects have made this flavonoid a great option for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. Meanwhile, apigenin has low toxicity on normal neuronal cells, while induces cytotoxicity on NS cancer cells via triggering several signal pathways and molecular targets. Anticancer effects of apigenin have been contributed to various mechanisms such as induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and inhibition of migration, invasion, and angiogenesis. Although apigenin is a promising pharmaceutical agent, its low bioavailability is an important issue that must be solved before introducing to clinic. Recently, nano-delivery of apigenin by liposomes and poly lactic-co-glycolide nanoparticles has greatly improved functionality of this agent. Hence, investigating pharmaceutical effects of apigenin-loaded nanocarriers on NS cancer cell lines and animal models is recommended for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad-Sadegh Lotfi
- Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh B Rassouli
- Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
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Abutayeh RF, Altah M, Mehdawi A, Al-Ataby I, Ardakani A. Chemopreventive Agents from Nature: A Review of Apigenin, Rosmarinic Acid, and Thymoquinone. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:6600-6619. [PMID: 39057035 PMCID: PMC11276303 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46070393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer, a major challenge to global health and healthcare systems, requires the study of alternative and supportive treatments due to the limitations of conventional therapies. This review examines the chemopreventive potential of three natural compounds: rosmarinic acid, apigenin, and thymoquinone. Derived from various plants, these compounds have demonstrated promising chemopreventive properties in in vitro, in vivo, and in silico studies. Specifically, they have been shown to inhibit cancer cell growth, induce apoptosis, and modulate key signaling pathways involved in cancer progression. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the current research on these phytochemicals, elucidating their mechanisms of action, therapeutic efficacy, and potential as adjuncts to traditional cancer therapies. This information serves as a valuable resource for researchers and healthcare providers interested in expanding their knowledge within the field of alternative cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Fawaz Abutayeh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11937, Jordan;
| | - Maram Altah
- School of Pharmacy, Al-Qadisiyah College, Amman 11118, Jordan;
| | - Amani Mehdawi
- School of Pharmacy, Al-Qadisiyah College, Amman 11118, Jordan;
| | - Israa Al-Ataby
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11937, Jordan;
| | - Adel Ardakani
- College of Pharmacy, Amman Arab University, Amman 11953, Jordan;
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5
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Naponelli V, Rocchetti MT, Mangieri D. Apigenin: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential against Cancer Spreading. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5569. [PMID: 38791608 PMCID: PMC11122459 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to its propensity to metastasize, cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Thanks in part to their intrinsic low cytotoxicity, the effects of the flavonoid family in the prevention and treatment of various human cancers, both in vitro and in vivo, have received increasing attention in recent years. It is well documented that Apigenin (4',5,7-trihydroxyflavone), among other flavonoids, is able to modulate key signaling molecules involved in the initiation of cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis, including JAK/STAT, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, MAPK/ERK, NF-κB, and Wnt/β-catenin pathways, as well as the oncogenic non-coding RNA network. Based on these premises, the aim of this review is to emphasize some of the key events through which Apigenin suppresses cancer proliferation, focusing specifically on its ability to target key molecular pathways involved in angiogenesis, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), maintenance of cancer stem cells (CSCs), cell cycle arrest, and cancer cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Naponelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Plesso Biotecnologico Integrato, Via Volturno 39, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Rocchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Domenica Mangieri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
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Méndez-Luna D, Guzmán-Velázquez S, Padilla-Martínez II, García-Sánchez JR, Bello M, García-Vázquez JB, Mendoza-Figueroa HL, Correa-Basurto J. GPER binding site detection and description: A flavonoid-based docking and molecular dynamics simulations study. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2024; 239:106474. [PMID: 38307214 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2024.106474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Flavonoids, a phenolic compounds class widely distributed in the plant kingdom, have attracted much interest for their implications on several health and disease processes. Usually, the consumption of this type of compounds is approximately 1 g/d, primarily obtained from cereals, chocolate, and dry legumes ensuring its beneficial role in maintaining the homeostasis of the human body. In this context, in cancer disease prominent data points to the role of flavonoids as adjuvant treatment aimed at the regression of the disease. GPER, an estrogen receptor on the cell surface, has been postulated as a probable orchestrator of the beneficial effects of several flavonoids through modulation/inhibition of various mechanisms that lead to cancer progression. Therefore, applying pocket and cavity protein detection and docking and molecular dynamics simulations (MD), we generate, from a cluster composed of 39 flavonoids, crucial insights into the potential role as GPER ligands, of Puerarin, Isoquercetin, Kaempferol 3-O-glucoside and Petunidin 3-O-glucoside, aglycones whose sugar moiety delimits a new described sugar-acceptor sub-cavity into the cavity binding site on the receptor, as well as of the probable activation mechanism of the receptor and the pivotal residues involved in it. Altogether, our results shed light on the potential use of the aforementioned flavonoids as GPER ligands and for further evaluations in in vitro and in vivo assays to elucidate their probable anti-cancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Méndez-Luna
- Laboratorio de Diseño y Desarrollo de Nuevos Fármacos e Innovación Biotecnológica, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, Col. Casco de Santo Tomas, Alcaldía Miguel Hidalgo, C.P. 11340 Ciudad de México, Mexico; Departamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Zacatenco, Av. Wilfrido Massieu 399, Col. Nueva Industrial Vallejo, Alcaldía Gustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07738 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Sonia Guzmán-Velázquez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Zacatenco, Av. Wilfrido Massieu 399, Col. Nueva Industrial Vallejo, Alcaldía Gustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07738 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Itzia-Irene Padilla-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Química Supramolecular y Nanociencias, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Acueducto s/n, Barrio la Laguna Ticomán, Alcaldía Gustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07340 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - José-Rubén García-Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular y Estrés Oxidativo, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón, s/n, Col. Casco de Santo Tomas, Alcaldía Miguel Hidalgo, C.P. 11340 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Martiniano Bello
- Laboratorio de Diseño y Desarrollo de Nuevos Fármacos e Innovación Biotecnológica, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, Col. Casco de Santo Tomas, Alcaldía Miguel Hidalgo, C.P. 11340 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Juan-Benjamín García-Vázquez
- Laboratorio de Diseño y Desarrollo de Nuevos Fármacos e Innovación Biotecnológica, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, Col. Casco de Santo Tomas, Alcaldía Miguel Hidalgo, C.P. 11340 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Humberto-Lubriel Mendoza-Figueroa
- Laboratorio de Diseño y Desarrollo de Nuevos Fármacos e Innovación Biotecnológica, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, Col. Casco de Santo Tomas, Alcaldía Miguel Hidalgo, C.P. 11340 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - José Correa-Basurto
- Laboratorio de Diseño y Desarrollo de Nuevos Fármacos e Innovación Biotecnológica, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, Col. Casco de Santo Tomas, Alcaldía Miguel Hidalgo, C.P. 11340 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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7
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Chen R, Jiang Z, Cheng Y, Ye J, Li S, Xu Y, Ye Z, Shi Y, Ding J, Zhao Y, Zheng H, Wu F, Lin G, Xie C, Yao Q, Kou L. Multifunctional iron-apigenin nanocomplex conducting photothermal therapy and triggering augmented immune response for triple negative breast cancer. Int J Pharm 2024; 655:124016. [PMID: 38503397 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) presents a formidable challenge due to its low sensitivity to many chemotherapeutic drugs and a relatively low overall survival rate in clinical practice. Photothermal therapy has recently garnered substantial interest in cancer treatment, owing to its swift therapeutic effectiveness and minimal impact on normal cells. Metal-polyphenol nanostructures have recently garnered significant attention as photothermal transduction agents due to their facile preparation and favorable photothermal properties. In this study, we employed a coordinated approach involving Fe3+ and apigenin, a polyphenol compound, to construct the nanostructure (nFeAPG), with the assistance of β-CD and DSPE-PEG facilitating the formation of the complex nanostructure. In vitro research demonstrated that the formed nFeAPG could induce cell death by elevating intracellular oxidative stress, inhibiting antioxidative system, and promoting apoptosis and ferroptosis, and near infrared spectrum irradiation further strengthen the therapeutic outcome. In 4T1 tumor bearing mice, nFeAPG could effectively accumulate into tumor site and exhibit commendable control over tumor growth. Futher analysis demonstrated that nFeAPG ameliorated the suppressed immune microenvironment by augmenting the response of DC cells and T cells. This study underscores that nFeAPG encompasses a multifaceted capacity to combat TNBC, holding promise as a compelling therapeutic strategy for TNBC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijie Chen
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Zewei Jiang
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Yingfeng Cheng
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jinyao Ye
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Innovation and Application of Intelligent Radiotherapy Technology, Wenzhou 325000, China; Zhejiang-Hong Kong Precision Theranostics of Thoracic Tumors Joint Laboratory, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Shize Li
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Yitianhe Xu
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Zhanzheng Ye
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Yifan Shi
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jie Ding
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Yingyi Zhao
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Hailun Zheng
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Fugen Wu
- Department of Pediatric, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Taizhou, China
| | - Guangyong Lin
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China.
| | - Congying Xie
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Innovation and Application of Intelligent Radiotherapy Technology, Wenzhou 325000, China; Zhejiang-Hong Kong Precision Theranostics of Thoracic Tumors Joint Laboratory, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Qing Yao
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Longfa Kou
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou 325027, China.
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8
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Mahato R, Behera DK, Patra B, Das S, Lakra K, Pradhan SN, Abbas SJ, Ali SI. Plant-based natural products in cancer therapeutics. J Drug Target 2024; 32:365-380. [PMID: 38315449 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2024.2315474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Various cells in our body regularly divide to replace old cells and dead cells. For a living cell to be growing, cell division and differentiation is highly essential. Cancer is characterised by uncontrollable cell division and invasion of other tissues due to dysregulation in the cell cycle. An accumulation of genetic changes or mutations develops through different physical (UV and other radiations), chemical (chewing and smoking of tobacco, chemical pollutants/mutagens), biological (viruses) and hereditary factors that can lead to cancer. Now, cancer is considered as a major death-causing factor worldwide. Due to advancements in technology, treatment like chemotherapy, radiation therapy, bone marrow transplant, immunotherapy, hormone therapy and many more in the rows. Although, it also has some side effects like fatigue, hair fall, anaemia, nausea and vomiting, constipation. Modern improved drug therapies come with severe side effects. There is need for safer, more effective, low-cost treatment with lesser side-effects. Biologically active natural products derived from plants are the emerging strategy to deal with cancer proliferation. Moreover, they possess anti-carcinogenic, anti-proliferative and anti-mutagenic properties with reduced side effects. They also detoxify and remove reactive substances formed by carcinogenic agents. In this article, we discuss different plant-based products and their mechanism of action against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohini Mahato
- School of Life Sciences, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Burla, Odisha, India
| | - Dillip Kumar Behera
- School of Life Sciences, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Burla, Odisha, India
| | - Biswajit Patra
- School of Life Sciences, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Burla, Odisha, India
- P.G. Department of Botany, Fakir Mohan University, Balasore, Odisha, India
| | - Shradhanjali Das
- School of Life Sciences, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Burla, Odisha, India
| | - Kulwant Lakra
- Department of Community Medicine, Veer Surendra Sai Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Sambalpur, Odisha, India
| | | | - Sk Jahir Abbas
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sk Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, India
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Yasmin R, Gogoi S, Bora J, Chakraborty A, Dey S, Ghaziri G, Bhattacharjee S, Singh LH. Novel Insight into the Cellular and Molecular Signalling Pathways on Cancer Preventing Effects of Hibiscus sabdariffa: A Review. J Cancer Prev 2023; 28:77-92. [PMID: 37830114 PMCID: PMC10564632 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2023.28.3.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
A category of diseases known as cancer includes abnormal cell development and the ability to infiltrate or spread to other regions of the body, making them a major cause of mortality worldwide. Chemotherapy, radiation, the use of cytotoxic medicines, and surgery are the mainstays of cancer treatment today. Plants or products produced from them hold promise as a source of anti-cancer medications that have fewer adverse effects. Due to the presence of numerous phytochemicals that have been isolated from various parts of the Hibiscus sabdariffa (HS) plant, including anthocyanin, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, polyphenols, organic acids, caffeic acids, citric acids, protocatechuic acid, and others, extracts of this plant have been reported to have anti-cancer effects. These compounds have been shown to reduce cancer cell proliferation, induce apoptosis, and cause cell cycle arrest. They also increase the expression levels of the cell cycle inhibitors (p53, p21, and p27) and the pro-apoptotic proteins (BAD, Bax, caspase 3, caspase 7, caspase 8, and caspase 9). This review highlights various intracellular signalling pathways involved in cancer preventive potential of HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raihana Yasmin
- Department of Zoology, Royal Global University, Guwahati, India
| | - Sangeeta Gogoi
- Department of Zoology, Royal Global University, Guwahati, India
| | - Jumi Bora
- Department of Zoology, Royal Global University, Guwahati, India
| | - Arijit Chakraborty
- Department of Sports Physiology and Nutrition, National Sports University, Imphal, India
| | - Susmita Dey
- Department of Zoology, Royal Global University, Guwahati, India
| | - Ghazal Ghaziri
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Surajit Bhattacharjee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dr. BR Ambedkar English Model School, Agartala, India
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10
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Hosseinzadeh A, Poursoleiman F, Biregani AN, Esmailzadeh A. Flavonoids target different molecules of autophagic and metastatic pathways in cancer cells. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:114. [PMID: 37308913 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02960-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the success of cancer therapy, it has encountered a major obstacle due to the complicated nature of cancer, namely resistance. The recurrence and metastasis of cancer occur when anti-cancer therapeutic agents fail to eradicate all cancer cells. Cancer therapy aims to find the best agent that targets all cancer cells, including those sensitive or resistant to treatment. Flavonoids, natural products from our diet, show anti-cancer effects in different studies. They can inhibit metastasis and the recurrence of cancers. This review discusses metastasis, autophagy, anoikis in cancer cells, and their dynamic relationship. We present evidence that flavonoids can block metastasis and induce cell death in cancer cells. Our research suggests that flavonoids can serve as potential therapeutic agents in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysooda Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Faezeh Poursoleiman
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akram Naghdipour Biregani
- Department of Nutrition, School of Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Scinences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmailzadeh
- Students' Scientific Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
- Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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11
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Atoum D, Fernandez-Pastor I, Young L, Edrada-Ebel R. Use of Multivariate Analysis to Unravel the Differences between Two Chamomile Varieties and Their Anticancer and Antioxidant Activities. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2297. [PMID: 37375922 DOI: 10.3390/plants12122297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plants from the Asteraceae family were commonly used to treat various diseases. The metabolomic profile of this family consisted of bioactive flavonoids and other phenolics. Chamomile is a member of the Asteraceae family. Jordanian and European chamomile are two varieties of Matricaria chamomilla (German chamomile), which were grown under different environmental conditions, were studied. Many examples of plant varieties with significant distinction in the secondary metabolite they afford have been described in the literature. Multivariate statistical analysis was employed to measure the depth of this variation in two chamomile varieties. METHODS From both types, crude extracts were prepared using solvents of different polarities and tested for their biological activity. The semipolar fraction of the European variety showed anticancer and antioxidant activity. Meanwhile, the semipolar fraction of the Jordanian type exhibited only antioxidant activity. Both extracts were fractionated, and then the biological activity was again assayed. RESULTS European and Jordanian chamomile fractions produced dicaffeoylquinic acid isomers exhibiting antioxidant capability. Additionally, Z-glucoferulic acid was produced from the European chamomile, demonstrating antioxidant activity. The European samples afforded two major compounds, chrysosplenetin and apigenin, that displayed anticancer activity. CONCLUSIONS Different environmental conditions between Jordanian and European chamomile affected the type of isolated compounds. Structure elucidation was performed with HPLC-MS coupled with dereplication techniques and 2D NMR experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Atoum
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
| | - Ignacio Fernandez-Pastor
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
- Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores de Andalucía, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Avda. del Conocimiento 34, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Louise Young
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - RuAngelie Edrada-Ebel
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
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12
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Kulaphisit M, Pomlok K, Saenjum C, Mungkornasawakul P, Trisuwan K, Wipasa J, Inta A, Smith DR, Lithanatudom P. The anti-leukemic activity of a luteolin-apigenin enriched fraction from an edible and ethnomedicinal plant, Elsholtzia stachyodes, is exerted through an ER stress/autophagy/cell cycle arrest/ apoptotic cell death signaling axis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 160:114375. [PMID: 36753951 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elsholtzia is a genus in the family Lamiaceae, and some species in this genus are commonly used for food and in ethnomedicinal formulations by some ethnic groups of China and Thailand. Despite their apparent utility, few studies have been conducted to evaluate their potential as sources of medicinally active agents. PURPOSE We aimed to investigate the cytotoxicity of ethanolic extracts from three selected edible plant species of the genus Elsholtzia and the most promising extract was further characterized for the bioactive constituents and signaling mechanisms associated with the anti-leukemic activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ethanolic extracts were screened for cytotoxicity using flow cytometry. HPLC and LC-MS were used to analyze the chemical constituents of the most potent fraction from E. stachyodes. The relevant mechanism of action was assessed by western blot and multispectral imaging flow cytometry (MIFC). RESULTS The most potent anti-leukemic activity was observed with the ethanolic extract from E. stachyodes. Luteolin and apigenin were characterized as the major constituents in the fraction from E. stachyodes. Mechanistically, the luteolin-apigenin enriched fraction (LAEF) induced the UPR, increased autophagic flux, induced cell cycle arrest and apoptotic cell death. LAEF showed significantly less cytotoxicity towards peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) as compared to leukemia cell lines. CONCLUSION This study is the first to report E. stachyodes as a new source of luteolin and apigenin which are capable of triggering leukemic cell death. This could lead to a novel strategy against leukemia using ethnomedicinal plant extracts as an alternative or supplemental anti-cancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattapong Kulaphisit
- PhD Degree Program in Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Kumpanat Pomlok
- PhD Degree Program in Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Chalermpong Saenjum
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Analytical Science and Technology for Biodiversity-based Economic and Society, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | | | - Kongkiat Trisuwan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Jiraprapa Wipasa
- Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Angkana Inta
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Duncan R Smith
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Pathrapol Lithanatudom
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Analytical Science and Technology for Biodiversity-based Economic and Society, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
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13
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Duan N, Hu X, Zhou R, Li Y, Wu W, Liu N. A Review on Dietary Flavonoids as Modulators of the Tumor Microenvironment. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2200435. [PMID: 36698331 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is the local environment where malignant cells strive and survive, composed of cancer cells and their surroundings, regulating essential tumor survival, and promotion functions. Dietary flavonoids are abundantly present in common vegetables and fruits and exhibit good anti-cancer activities, which significantly inhibit tumorigenesis by targeting TME constituents and their interaction with cancer cells. This review aims to synthesize information concerning the modulation of TME by dietary flavonoids, as well as to provide insights into the molecular basis of its potential anti-tumor activities, with an emphasis on its ability to control intracellular signaling cascades that regulate the TME processes, involving cell proliferation, invasion and migration, continuous angiogenesis, and immune inflammation. This study will provide a theoretical basis for the development of the leading compound targeting TME for anti-cancer therapies from these dietary flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namin Duan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Xiaohui Hu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yuru Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Wenhui Wu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Ning Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.,National R&D Branch Center for Freshwater Aquatic Products Processing Technology, Shanghai, 201306, China.,National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Food Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.,Marine Biomedical Science and Technology Innovation Platform of Lin-gang Special Area, Shanghai, 201306, China
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14
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Multifaceted Pharmacological Potentials of Curcumin, Genistein, and Tanshinone IIA through Proteomic Approaches: An In-Depth Review. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010249. [PMID: 36612248 PMCID: PMC9818426 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytochemicals possess various intriguing pharmacological properties against diverse pathological conditions. Extensive studies are on-going to understand the structural/functional properties of phytochemicals as well as the molecular mechanisms of their therapeutic function against various disease conditions. Phytochemicals such as curcumin (Cur), genistein (Gen), and tanshinone-IIA (Tan IIA) have multifaceted therapeutic potentials and various efforts are in progress to understand the molecular dynamics of their function with different tools and technologies. Cur is an active lipophilic polyphenol with pleiotropic function, and it has been shown to possess various intriguing properties including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anticancer, and anti-genotoxic properties besides others beneficial properties. Similarly, Gen (an isoflavone) exhibits a wide range of vital functions including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, pro-apoptotic, anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenic activities etc. In addition, Tan IIA, a lipophilic compound, possesses antioxidant, anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer activities, and so on. Over the last few decades, the field of proteomics has garnered great momentum mainly attributed to the recent advancement in mass spectrometry (MS) techniques. It is envisaged that the proteomics technology has considerably contributed to the biomedical research endeavors lately. Interestingly, they have also been explored as a reliable approach to understand the molecular intricacies related to phytochemical-based therapeutic interventions. The present review provides an overview of the proteomics studies performed to unravel the underlying molecular intricacies of various phytochemicals such as Cur, Gen, and Tan IIA. This in-depth study will help the researchers in better understanding of the pharmacological potential of the phytochemicals at the proteomics level. Certainly, this review will be highly instrumental in catalyzing the translational shift from phytochemical-based biomedical research to clinical practice in the near future.
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15
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Flavones: Six Selected Flavones and Their Related Signaling Pathways That Induce Apoptosis in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810965. [PMID: 36142874 PMCID: PMC9505532 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a horrific disease that, to date, has no cure. It is caused by various factors and takes many lives. Apoptosis is a programmed cell death mechanism and if it does not function correctly in cancer cells, it can lead to severe disease. There are various signaling pathways for regulating apoptosis in cancer cells. Flavonoids are non-artificial natural bioactive compounds that are gaining attention as being capable of for inducing apoptosis in cancer cells. Among these, in this study, we focus on flavones. Flavones are a subclass of the numerous available flavonoids and possess several bioactive functions. Some of the most reported and well-known critical flavones, namely apigenin, acacetin, baicalein, luteolin, tangeretin, and wogonin, are discussed in depth in this review. Our main aim is to investigate the effects of the selected flavones on apoptosis and cell signaling pathways that contribute to death due to various types of cancers.
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Abid R, Ghazanfar S, Farid A, Sulaman SM, Idrees M, Amen RA, Muzammal M, Shahzad MK, Mohamed MO, Khaled AA, Safir W, Ghori I, Elasbali AM, Alharbi B. Pharmacological Properties of 4', 5, 7-Trihydroxyflavone (Apigenin) and Its Impact on Cell Signaling Pathways. Molecules 2022; 27:4304. [PMID: 35807549 PMCID: PMC9267958 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant bioactive compounds, particularly apigenin, have therapeutic potential and functional activities that aid in the prevention of infectious diseases in many mammalian bodies and promote tumor growth inhibition. Apigenin is a flavonoid with low toxicities and numerous bioactive properties due to which it has been considered as a traditional medicine for decades. Apigenin shows synergistic effects in combined treatment with sorafenib in the HepG2 human cell line (HCC) in less time and statistically reduces the viability of tumor cells, migration, gene expression and apoptosis. The combination of anti-cancerous drugs with apigenin has shown health promoting potential against various cancers. It can prevent cell mobility, maintain the cell cycle and stimulate the immune system. Apigenin also suppresses mTOR activity and raises the UVB-induced phagocytosis and reduces the cancerous cell proliferation and growth. It also has a high safety threshold, and active (anti-cancer) doses can be gained by consuming a vegetable and apigenin rich diet. Apigenin also boosted autophagosome formation, decreased cell proliferation and activated autophagy by preventing the activity of the PI3K pathway, specifically in HepG2 cells. This paper provides an updated overview of apigenin's beneficial anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, and anticancer effects, making it a step in the right direction for therapeutics. This study also critically analyzed the effect of apigenin on cancer cell signaling pathways including the PI3K/AKT/MTOR, JAK/STAT, NF-κB and ERK/MAPK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rameesha Abid
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Sialkot, Sialkot 51310, Pakistan
- National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Center, Islamabad 44100, Pakistan; (S.G.); (M.I.)
| | - Shakira Ghazanfar
- National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Center, Islamabad 44100, Pakistan; (S.G.); (M.I.)
| | - Arshad Farid
- Gomal Center of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan;
| | | | - Maryam Idrees
- National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Center, Islamabad 44100, Pakistan; (S.G.); (M.I.)
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Muzammal
- Gomal Center of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Khurram Shahzad
- Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Department, International Islamic University, Islamabad 44100, Pakistan;
| | | | | | - Waqas Safir
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China;
| | - Ifra Ghori
- Department of Biotechnology, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan;
| | - Abdelbaset Mohamed Elasbali
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Sciences-Qurayyat, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bandar Alharbi
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Science, University of Hail, Hail 81481, Saudi Arabia;
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17
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Al-Otaibi AM, Al-Gebaly AS, Almeer R, Albasher G, Al-Qahtani WS, Abdel Moneim AE. Potential of green-synthesized selenium nanoparticles using apigenin in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:47539-47548. [PMID: 35182347 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19166-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The utilization of novel compounds as cancer treatments offers enormous potential in this field. The advantages of nanomedicine-based therapy include efficient cellular uptake and selective cell targeting. In this study, we employ selenium nanoparticles' green-synthesized by apigenin (SeNPs-apigenin) to treat breast cancer. We used various assays to show that SeNPs-apigenin can reduce MCF-7 cell viability and trigger apoptosis in vitro. Flow cytometry and PCR methods were used to detect apoptosis, while cell migration and invasion methods were used to quantify the possible effect of SeNPs-apigenin therapy on cell migration and invasion. According to cytotoxicity testing, the SeNPs-apigenin treatment can successfully limit MCF-7 cell proliferation and viability in a concentration-dependent manner. Flow cytometric and PCR analyses revealed that SeNPs-apigenin treatment induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells, demonstrating that SeNPs-apigenin treatment could directly target Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3 and result in the discharge of cytochrome C from mitochondria into the cytosol, accompanied by the initiation of cell death, leading to permanent DNA damage and killing of MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, treatment with SeNPs-apigenin increased reactive oxygen species production and oxidative stress in MCF-7 cells. Our findings indicate that SeNPs-apigenin has cytotoxic potential in the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aljohra M Al-Otaibi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma S Al-Gebaly
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rafa Almeer
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gadah Albasher
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wedad S Al-Qahtani
- Department of Forensic Sciences, College of Forensic Justice, Naif Arab University for Security Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed E Abdel Moneim
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.
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18
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Adel M, Zahmatkeshan M, Akbarzadeh A, Rabiee N, Ahmadi S, Keyhanvar P, Rezayat SM, Seifalian AM. Chemotherapeutic effects of Apigenin in breast cancer: Preclinical evidence and molecular mechanisms; enhanced bioavailability by nanoparticles. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS 2022; 34:e00730. [PMID: 35686000 PMCID: PMC9171451 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2022.e00730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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19
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Choi HI, An GY, Yoo E, Baek M, Binas B, Chai JC, Lee YS, Jung KH, Chai YG. The bromodomain inhibitor JQ1 up-regulates the long non-coding RNA MALAT1 in cultured human hepatic carcinoma cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7779. [PMID: 35546353 PMCID: PMC9095596 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11868-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The epigenetic reader, bromodomain-containing 4 (BRD4), is overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and BRD4 inhibition is considered as a new therapeutic approach. The BRD inhibitor JQ1 is known to inhibit the enrichment of BRD4 at enhancer sites. Gene network analyses have implicated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the effects of JQ1, but the precise molecular events remain unexplored. Here, we report that in HepG2 cells, JQ1 significantly reduced various proliferation-related lncRNAs, but up-regulated the known liver tumor marker, MALAT1. Using ChIP-sequencing data, ChIP-qPCR, luciferase reporter assays, and chromatin conformation capture (3C), we characterized the MALAT1 gene locus. We found that JQ1 elicited a rearrangement of its chromatin looping conformation, which involved the putative enhancers E1, E2, E3, the gene body, and the promoter. We further found that the forkhead box protein A2 (FOXA2) binds to E2 and the promoter; suppression of FOXA2 expression resulted in MALAT1 up-regulation and increased cell proliferation. These results suggest that the inhibition of MALAT1 may improve the effect of BET inhibitors as an anti-cancer therapy and that FOXA2 would be a suitable target for that approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae In Choi
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04673, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga Yeong An
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04673, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunyoung Yoo
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04673, Republic of Korea
| | - Mina Baek
- Department of Molecular and Life Science, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, 15588, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Natural Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Bert Binas
- Department of Molecular and Life Science, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Choul Chai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Seek Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Hwa Jung
- Convergence Technology Campus of Korea Polytechnic II, Incheon, 21417, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Gyu Chai
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04673, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Molecular and Life Science, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, 15588, Republic of Korea.
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Drețcanu G, Știrbu I, Leoplold N, Cruceriu D, Danciu C, Stănilă A, Fărcaș A, Borda IM, Iuhas C, Diaconeasa Z. Chemical Structure, Sources and Role of Bioactive Flavonoids in Cancer Prevention: A Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11091117. [PMID: 35567117 PMCID: PMC9101215 DOI: 10.3390/plants11091117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
There has been a major shift in the collective mindset around the world in recent decades, both in terms of food and in terms of the treatment of chronic diseases. Increasing numbers of people are choosing to prevent rather than treat, which is why many consumers are choosing plant-based diets, mainly due to their bioactive compounds. A significant case of bioactive compound is flavonoids-a wide subclass of an even wider class of phytochemicals: polyphenols. Flavonoids are a broad topic of study for researchers due to their potential in the prevention and treatment of a broad range of cancers. The aim of this review is to inform/update the reader on the diversity, accessibility and importance of flavonoids as biomolecules that are essential for optimal health, focusing on the potential of these compounds in the prevention of various types of cancer. Along with conventional sources, this review presents some of the possible methods for obtaining significant amounts of flavonoids based on a slightly different approach, genetic manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgiana Drețcanu
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Calea Mănăştur, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (G.D.); (A.S.); (A.F.); (Z.D.)
| | - Ioana Știrbu
- Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai University, Kogalniceanu 1, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.Ș.); (N.L.)
| | - Nicolae Leoplold
- Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai University, Kogalniceanu 1, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.Ș.); (N.L.)
| | - Daniel Cruceriu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Babes-Bolyai University, 5-7 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute “Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta”, 34-36 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Corina Danciu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Andreea Stănilă
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Calea Mănăştur, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (G.D.); (A.S.); (A.F.); (Z.D.)
| | - Anca Fărcaș
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Calea Mănăştur, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (G.D.); (A.S.); (A.F.); (Z.D.)
| | - Ileana Monica Borda
- Sixth Department of Medical Specialties, Medical Rehabilitation, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Cristian Iuhas
- Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-264-596893
| | - Zorița Diaconeasa
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Calea Mănăştur, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (G.D.); (A.S.); (A.F.); (Z.D.)
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Role of Induced Programmed Cell Death in the Chemopreventive Potential of Apigenin. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073757. [PMID: 35409117 PMCID: PMC8999072 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The flavonoid apigenin (4′,5,7-trihydroxyflavone), which is one of the most widely distributed phytochemicals in the plant kingdom, is one of the most thoroughly investigated phenolic components. Previous studies have attributed the physiological effects of apigenin to its anti-allergic, antibacterial, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiviral, and blood-pressure-lowering properties, and its documented anticancer properties have been attributed to the induction of apoptosis and autophagy, the inhibition of inflammation, angiogenesis, and cell proliferation, and the regulation of cellular responses to oxidative stress and DNA damage. The most well-known mechanism for the compound’s anticancer effects in human cancer cell lines is apoptosis, followed by autophagy, and studies have also reported that apigenin induces novel cell death mechanisms, such as necroptosis and ferroptosis. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to review the therapeutic potential of apigenin as a chemopreventive agent, as well as the roles of programmed cell death mechanisms in the compound’s chemopreventive properties.
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Abou Baker DH. An ethnopharmacological review on the therapeutical properties of flavonoids and their mechanisms of actions: A comprehensive review based on up to date knowledge. Toxicol Rep 2022; 9:445-469. [PMID: 35340621 PMCID: PMC8943219 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids -a class of low molecular weight secondary metabolites- are ubiquitous and cornucopia throughout the plant kingdom. Structurally, the main structure consists of C6-C3-C6 rings with different substitution patterns so that many sub-classes are obtained, for example: flavonols, flavonolignans, flavonoid glycosides, flavans, anthocyanidins, aurones, anthocyanidins, flavones, neoflavonoids, chalcones, isoflavones, flavones and flavanones. Flavonoids are evaluated to have drug like nature since they possess different therapeutic activities, and can act as cardioprotective, antiviral, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anticancer, and also work against Alzheimer's disease and others. However, information on the relationship between their structure and biological activity is scarce. Therefore, the present review tries to summarize all the therapeutic activities of flavonoids, their mechanisms of action and the structure activity relationship. Latest updated ethnopharmacological review of the therapeutic effects of flavonoids. Flavonoids are attracting attention because of their therapeutic properties. Flavonoids are valuable candidates for drug development against many dangerous diseases. This overview summarizes the most important therapeutic effect and mechanism of action of flavonoids. General knowledge about the structure activity relationship of flavonoids is summarized. Substitution of chemical groups in the structure of flavonoids can significantly change their biological and chemical properties. The chemical properties of the basic flavonoid structure should be considered in a drug-based structural program.
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State of the Art and Future Implications of SH003: Acting as a Therapeutic Anticancer Agent. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14041089. [PMID: 35205836 PMCID: PMC8870567 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14041089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer ranks as the first leading cause of death globally. Despite the various types of cancer treatments, negative aspects of the treatments, such as side effects and drug resistance, have been a continuous dilemma for patients. Thus, natural compounds and herbal medicines have earned profound interest as chemopreventive agents for reducing burden for patients. SH003, a novel herbal medicine containing Astragalus membranaceus, Angelica gigas, and Trichosanthes kirilowii, showed the potential to act as an anticancer agent in previous research studies. A narrative review was conducted to present the significant highlights of the total 15 SH003 studies from the past nine years. SH003 has shown positive results in both in vivo and vitro studies against various types of cancer cells; furthermore, the first clinical trial was performed to identify the maximum tolerated dose among solid cancer patients. So far, the potential of SH003 as a chemotherapeutic agent has been well-documented in research studies; continuous work on SH003's efficacy and safety is required to facilitate better cancer patient care but is part of the knowledge needed to understand whether SH003 has the potential to become a pharmaceutical.
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Kim TW, Lee HG. Apigenin Induces Autophagy and Cell Death by Targeting EZH2 under Hypoxia Conditions in Gastric Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413455. [PMID: 34948250 PMCID: PMC8706813 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a major obstacle to gastric cancer (GC) therapy and leads to chemoresistance as GC cells are frequently exposed to the hypoxia environment. Apigenin, a flavonoid found in traditional medicine, fruits, and vegetables and an HDAC inhibitor, is a powerful anti-cancer agent against various cancer cell lines. However, detailed mechanisms involved in the treatment of GC using APG are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the biological activity of and molecular mechanisms involved in APG-mediated treatment of GC under hypoxia. APG promoted autophagic cell death by increasing ATG5, LC3-II, and phosphorylation of AMPK and ULK1 and down-regulating p-mTOR and p62 in GC. Furthermore, our results show that APG induces autophagic cell death via the activation of the PERK signaling, indicating an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response. The inhibition of ER stress suppressed APG-induced autophagy and conferred prolonged cell survival, indicating autophagic cell death. We further show that APG induces ER stress- and autophagy-related cell death through the inhibition of HIF-1α and Ezh2 under normoxia and hypoxia. Taken together, our findings indicate that APG activates autophagic cell death by inhibiting HIF-1α and Ezh2 under hypoxia conditions in GC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Woo Kim
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi, Seoul 130-701, Korea
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
- Department of Biomolecular Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
- Correspondence: (T.W.K.); (H.G.L.); Tel.: +82-2-961-0329 (T.W.K.); +82-42-860-4182 (H.G.L.); Fax: +82-2-961-1165 (T.W.K.); +82-42-860-4593 (H.G.L.)
| | - Hee Gu Lee
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Department of Biomolecular Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
- Correspondence: (T.W.K.); (H.G.L.); Tel.: +82-2-961-0329 (T.W.K.); +82-42-860-4182 (H.G.L.); Fax: +82-2-961-1165 (T.W.K.); +82-42-860-4593 (H.G.L.)
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Eremina NV, Zhanataev AK, Durnev AD. Induced Cell Death as a Possible Pathway of Antimutagenic Action. Bull Exp Biol Med 2021; 171:1-14. [PMID: 34050413 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-021-05161-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The existing concepts of antimutagenesis are briefly reviewed. Published reports on antimutagenic and proapoptotic properties of some polyphenols and compounds of other chemical groups obtained in representative in vitro and in vivo experiments on eukaryotic test systems are discussed. The relationships between the antimutagenic and proapoptotic properties of the analyzed compounds (naringin, apigenin, resveratrol, curcumin, N-acetylcysteine, etc.) are considered in favor of the hypothesis on induced cell death as an antimutagenic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- N V Eremina
- V. V. Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A K Zhanataev
- V. V. Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A D Durnev
- V. V. Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
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Javed Z, Sadia H, Iqbal MJ, Shamas S, Malik K, Ahmed R, Raza S, Butnariu M, Cruz-Martins N, Sharifi-Rad J. Apigenin role as cell-signaling pathways modulator: implications in cancer prevention and treatment. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:189. [PMID: 33794890 PMCID: PMC8017783 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01888-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease orchestrated by various extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. In recent years, there has been a keen interest towards the development of natural extracts-based cancer therapeutics with minimum adverse effects. In pursuit of effective strategy, a wide variety of natural products-derived compounds have been addressed for their anticancer effects. Apigenin is a naturally-occurring flavonoid present abundantly in various fruits and vegetables. Decades of research have delineated the pharmacological and biological properties of apigenin. Specifically, the apigenin-mediated anticancer activities have been documented in various types of cancer, but the generalized scientific evidence encompassing various molecular interactions and processes, such as regulation of the apoptotic machinery, aberrant cell signaling and oncogenic protein network have not been comprehensively covered. In this sense, in this review we have attempted to focus on the apigenin-mediated regulation of oncogenic pathways in various cancers. We have also addressed the cutting-edge research which has unveiled the remarkable abilities of apigenin to interact with microRNAs to modulate key cellular processes, with special emphasis on the nano-formulations of apigenin that can help their targeted delivery and can be a therapeutic solution for the treatment of various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshan Javed
- Office for Research Innovation and Commercialization, Lahore Garrison University, Sector-C, Phase VI, DHA, Lahore, 54792 Pakistan
| | - Haleema Sadia
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Quetta, 87100 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Javed Iqbal
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Shamas
- Department of Zoology, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Kausar Malik
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rais Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Raza
- Office for Research Innovation and Commercialization, Lahore Garrison University, Sector-C, Phase VI, DHA, Lahore, 54792 Pakistan
| | - Monica Butnariu
- Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of Romania” From Timisoara, Calea Aradului 119, 300645 Timis, Romania
| | - Natalia Cruz-Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hern.Ni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador
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Aziz MA, Sarwar MS, Akter T, Uddin MS, Xun S, Zhu Y, Islam MS, Hongjie Z. Polyphenolic molecules targeting STAT3 pathway for the treatment of cancer. Life Sci 2021; 268:118999. [PMID: 33421525 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is accounted as the second-highest cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Numerous preclinical and clinical investigations have consistently highlighted the role of natural polyphenolic compounds against various cancers. A plethora of potential bioactive polyphenolic molecules, primarily flavonoids, phenolic acids, lignans and stilbenes, have been explored from the natural sources for their chemopreventive and chemoprotective activities. Moreover, combinations of these polyphenols with current chemotherapeutic agents have also demonstrated their strong role against both progression and resistance of malignancies. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a ubiquitously-expressed signaling molecule in almost all body cells. Thousands of literatures have revealed that STAT3 plays significant roles in promoting the cellular proliferation, differentiation, cell cycle progression, metastasis, angiogenesis and immunosuppression as well as chemoresistance through the regulation of its downstream target genes such as Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, cyclin D1, c-Myc and survivin. For its key role in cancer development, researchers considered STAT3 as a major target for cancer therapy that mainly focuses on abrogating the expression (activation or phosphorylation) of STAT3 in tumor cells both directly and indirectly. Polyphenolic molecules have explicated their protective actions in malignant cells via targeting STAT3 both in vitro and in vivo. In this article, we reviewed how polyphenolic compounds as well as their combinations with other chemotherapeutic drugs inhibit cancer cells by targeting STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdul Aziz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shahid Sarwar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh.
| | - Tahmina Akter
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Song Xun
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Mohammad Safiqul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Zhang Hongjie
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
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The natural flavones, acacetin and apigenin, induce Cdk-Cyclin mediated G2/M phase arrest and trigger ROS-mediated apoptosis in glioblastoma cells. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:539-549. [PMID: 33394232 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-06087-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Brain and CNS-related cancers are rare; however, 0.3 million incidences and 0.24 million deaths in 2018 demonstrates the unrelenting associated dangers. Glioblastoma is a brain cancer of star-shaped glial cells. It is almost universally fatal within 2 years of diagnosis despite maximal medical therapies. This study aims to evaluate the in-depth anticancer activity of acacetin and apigenin on glioblastoma cells (U87). In the present report, we have isolated two flavonoids, acacetin and apigenin; and studied the in-depth anticancer activity on U87 cells. Selective cytotoxicity of acacetin and apigenin was observed towards the U87 cells (IC50: 43.73 ± 1.19 and 48.18 ± 1.37 μM, respectively). The flow cytometer-based result revealed the induction of G2/M phase arrest along with the increase in sub G1 population upon compound treatment. Annexin-V-FLUOS and DAPI staining also confirmed the apoptosis-inducing effects of compounds. Flow cytometer and confocal microscopy-based DCFH-DA staining showed ROS-inducing effect of the compounds. The up-regulation of p21 and down-regulation of Cyclin-A1, Cyclin-B1, and Cdk-1 revealed the G2/M phase arrest mechanism of acacetin and apigenin. Furthermore, western blotting result confirmed the activation of intrinsic pathway of apoptosis upon acacetin treatment and activation of both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of apoptosis upon apigenin treatment through the regulation of Bax, t-Bid, caspase 8, caspase 9, caspase 3, and PARP. The obtained result showed a significant effect (P < 0.05) of acacetin and apigenin on U87 cells. Acacetin and apigenin-induced ROS is responsible for the induction of cell cycle arrest and activation of caspase-cascade pathways in U87 cells.
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Ahmed SA, Parama D, Daimari E, Girisa S, Banik K, Harsha C, Dutta U, Kunnumakkara AB. Rationalizing the therapeutic potential of apigenin against cancer. Life Sci 2020; 267:118814. [PMID: 33333052 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the remarkable advances made in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer during the past couple of decades, it remains the second largest cause of mortality in the world, killing approximately 9.6 million people annually. The major challenges in the treatment of the advanced stage of this disease are the development of chemoresistance, severe adverse effects of the drugs, and high treatment cost. Therefore, the development of drugs that are safe, efficacious, and cost-effective remains a 'Holy Grail' in cancer research. However, the research over the past four decades shed light on the cancer-preventive and therapeutic potential of natural products and their underlying mechanism of action. Apigenin is one such compound, which is known to be safe and has significant potential in the prevention and therapy of this disease. AIM To assess the literature available on the potential of apigenin and its analogs in modulating the key molecular targets leading to the prevention and treatment of different types of cancer. METHOD A comprehensive literature search has been carried out on PubMed for obtaining information related to the sources and analogs, chemistry and biosynthesis, physicochemical properties, biological activities, bioavailability and toxicity of apigenin. KEY FINDINGS The literature search resulted in many in vitro, in vivo and a few cohort studies that evidenced the effectiveness of apigenin and its analogs in modulating important molecular targets and signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT/mTOR, JAK/STAT, NF-κB, MAPK/ERK, Wnt/β-catenin, etc., which play a crucial role in the development and progression of cancer. In addition, apigenin was also shown to inhibit chemoresistance and radioresistance and make cancer cells sensitive to these agents. Reports have further revealed the safety of the compound and the adaptation of nanotechnological approaches for improving its bioavailability. SIGNIFICANCE Hence, the present review recapitulates the properties of apigenin and its pharmacological activities against different types of cancer, which warrant further investigation in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semim Akhtar Ahmed
- Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Cotton University, Pan Bazar, Guwahati, Assam 781001, India
| | - Dey Parama
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Enush Daimari
- Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Cotton University, Pan Bazar, Guwahati, Assam 781001, India
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Kishore Banik
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Choudhary Harsha
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Uma Dutta
- Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Cotton University, Pan Bazar, Guwahati, Assam 781001, India.
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
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Apigenin inhibits proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cell by upregulation of cleaved caspases-3/8 and downregulation of pSTAT-3/pJAK-1/pJAK-2. GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Ashrafizadeh M, Bakhoda MR, Bahmanpour Z, Ilkhani K, Zarrabi A, Makvandi P, Khan H, Mazaheri S, Darvish M, Mirzaei H. Apigenin as Tumor Suppressor in Cancers: Biotherapeutic Activity, Nanodelivery, and Mechanisms With Emphasis on Pancreatic Cancer. Front Chem 2020; 8:829. [PMID: 33195038 PMCID: PMC7593821 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is the most lethal malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract. Due to its propensity for early local and distant spread, affected patients possess extremely poor prognosis. Currently applied treatments are not effective enough to eradicate all cancer cells, and minimize their migration. Besides, these treatments are associated with adverse effects on normal cells and organs. These therapies are not able to increase the overall survival rate of patients; hence, finding novel adjuvants or alternatives is so essential. Up to now, medicinal herbs were utilized for therapeutic goals. Herbal-based medicine, as traditional biotherapeutics, were employed for cancer treatment. Of them, apigenin, as a bioactive flavonoid that possesses numerous biological properties (e.g., anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects), has shown substantial anticancer activity. It seems that apigenin is capable of suppressing the proliferation of cancer cells via the induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Besides, apigenin inhibits metastasis via down-regulation of matrix metalloproteinases and the Akt signaling pathway. In pancreatic cancer cells, apigenin sensitizes cells in chemotherapy, and affects molecular pathways such as the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1). Herein, the biotherapeutic activity of apigenin and its mechanisms toward cancer cells are presented in the current review to shed some light on anti-tumor activity of apigenin in different cancers, with an emphasis on pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Bakhoda
- Student Research Committee, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Zahra Bahmanpour
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Khandan Ilkhani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Centre for Micro-BioRobotics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Pisa, Italy.,Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Samaneh Mazaheri
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
| | - Maryam Darvish
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Science, Arak, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Bozorgi A, Khazaei S, Khademi A, Khazaei M. Natural and herbal compounds targeting breast cancer, a review based on cancer stem cells. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020; 23:970-983. [PMID: 32952942 PMCID: PMC7478260 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2020.43745.10270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are known as the major reason for therapy resistance. Recently, natural herbal compounds are suggested to have a significant role in inhibiting the breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs). The aim of this study was to explore the effective natural herbal compounds against BCSCs.This review article was designed based on the BCSCs, mechanisms of therapy resistance and natural herbal compounds effective to inhibit their activity. Therefore, Science direct, PubMed and Scopus databases were explored and related original articles were investigated from 2010 to 2019. BCSCs use different mechanisms including special membrane transporters, anti-apoptotic, pro-survival, and self-renewal- related signaling pathways. Natural herbal compounds could disturb these mechanisms, therefore may inhibit or eradicate the BCSCs. Studies show that a broad range of plants, either as a food or medicine, contain anti-cancer agents that phenolic components and their different derivatives share a large quantity. Natural herbal compounds play a pivotal role in the eradication of BCSCs, through the inhibition of biological activities and induction of apoptosis. Although it is necessary to conduct more clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Bozorgi
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Saber Khazaei
- Dental Research Center, Dental Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Abbasali Khademi
- Dental Research Center, Dental Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mozafar Khazaei
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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A STAT3 of Addiction: Adipose Tissue, Adipocytokine Signalling and STAT3 as Mediators of Metabolic Remodelling in the Tumour Microenvironment. Cells 2020; 9:cells9041043. [PMID: 32331320 PMCID: PMC7226520 DOI: 10.3390/cells9041043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic remodelling of the tumour microenvironment is a major mechanism by which cancer cells survive and resist treatment. The pro-oncogenic inflammatory cascade released by adipose tissue promotes oncogenic transformation, proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis and evasion of apoptosis. STAT3 has emerged as an important mediator of metabolic remodelling. As a downstream effector of adipocytokines and cytokines, its canonical and non-canonical activities affect mitochondrial functioning and cancer metabolism. In this review, we examine the central role played by the crosstalk between the transcriptional and mitochondrial roles of STAT3 to promote survival and further oncogenesis within the tumour microenvironment with a particular focus on adipose-breast cancer interactions.
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Singh D, Khan MA, Siddique HR. Apigenin, A Plant Flavone Playing Noble Roles in Cancer Prevention Via Modulation of Key Cell Signaling Networks. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2020; 14:298-311. [DOI: 10.2174/1574892814666191026095728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Cancer is a global health problem and the continuous rise in incidence and
mortality due to cancer carries a real economic burden to all countries. Accumulation of genetic mutation,
exposure of environmental carcinogens and food habits due to change in lifestyles are the key
reasons for cancer. Targeting cancer cells, we need a multitargeting molecule with low/no toxicity.
Objective :
To review the current update of the research status of chemopreventive/therapeutic molecule,
Apigenin.
Methods:
Compare the results of the published articles and granted patents on this compound. We also
discuss the pros and cons of the present research and future direction.
Results:
Cancer cells have characteristic alterations and dysregulation of various cell signaling pathways
that control cell homeostasis, proliferation, motility, and survival in normal cells. Natural flavonoids
are the compounds well known for their anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-cancerous
properties. Apigenin, along with several other physiological effects, has a very low intrinsic toxicity
and striking effects on the proliferation of cancer cells. Interestingly, this multitargeting molecule is
getting wide acceptance among researchers. It is evident from the recent patents filed in this compound.
At present, three patents have been granted only on the anticancer properties of apigenin.
Conclusion:
This mini-review will explain the present research status of apigenin and will further
shine some light on how apigenin performs its anti-cancerous actions by interfering with the key cellsignaling
pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Singh
- Molecular Cancer Genetics & Translational Research Lab, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, India
| | - Mohammad A. Khan
- Molecular Cancer Genetics & Translational Research Lab, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, India
| | - Hifzur R. Siddique
- Molecular Cancer Genetics & Translational Research Lab, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, India
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Singh N, Shaik FA, Myal Y, Chelikani P. Chemosensory bitter taste receptors T2R4 and T2R14 activation attenuates proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 465:199-214. [PMID: 31894529 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-019-03679-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The emerging significance of the bitter taste receptors (T2Rs) role in the extraoral tissues alludes to their potential role in many pathophysiological conditions. The dysregulation of T2R expression and function in disease conditions has now been demonstrated in airways diseases, neurological disorders, and in some cancers. However, the role of T2Rs in the pathophysiology of breast cancer is unexplored thus far. Previously, we demonstrated differential expression of the 25 T2Rs in breast cancer (BC) cells. Based on our previous findings we selected two T2Rs, T2R4 and T2R14 for this work. The objective of the current study is to investigate the expression of T2R4 and T2R14 in BC clinical samples and to examine their physiological role using highly metastatic BC and non-cancerous cell lines. Using approaches, which involve receptor knockdown, pharmacological activation and biochemical assays we report that (i) T2R4 and T2R14 expression patterns are dissimilar, with decreased levels of T2R4 and increased levels of T2R14 in BC clinical samples compared to non-cancerous controls. (ii) Activation of T2Rs with their respective agonist elicited physiological responses in metastatic breast cancer cells, and no responses were seen in non-tumorigenic breast epithelial cells. (iii) Agonist activation of T2Rs (irrespective of T2R subtype) induced anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, and anti-migratory responses in highly metastatic breast cancer cells. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that the chemosensory T2R signaling network is involved in evoking physiological responses in the metastatic breast cancer cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Singh
- Manitoba Chemosensory Biology Research Group, Department of Oral Biology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, D319, 780 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0W3, Canada
| | - Feroz Ahmed Shaik
- Manitoba Chemosensory Biology Research Group, Department of Oral Biology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, D319, 780 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0W3, Canada
| | - Yvonne Myal
- Department of Pathology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Prashen Chelikani
- Manitoba Chemosensory Biology Research Group, Department of Oral Biology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, D319, 780 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0W3, Canada.
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Park W, Park S, Song G, Lim W. Inhibitory Effects of Osthole on Human Breast Cancer Cell Progression via Induction of Cell Cycle Arrest, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and ER Stress. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11112777. [PMID: 31731635 PMCID: PMC6893636 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in women. Although, recently, the number of pathological studies of breast cancer have increased, it is necessary to identify a novel compound that targets multiple signaling pathways involved in breast cancer. METHODS The effects of osthole on cell viability, apoptosis, mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress proteins of BT-474 and MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines were investigated. Signal transduction pathways in both cells in response to osthole were determined by western blot analyses. RESULTS Here, we demonstrated that osthole inhibited cellular proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest through modulation of cell cycle regulatory genes in BT-474 and MCF-7 cells. Additionally, osthole induced loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), intracellular calcium imbalance, and ER stress. Moreover, osthole induced apoptosis by activating the pro-apoptotic protein, Bax, in both cell lines. Osthole regulated phosphorylation of signaling proteins such as Akt and ERK1/2 in human breast cancer cells. Furthermore, osthole-induced activation of JNK protein-mediated apoptosis in both cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, the results of the present study indicated that osthole may ameliorate breast cancer and can be a promising therapeutic agent for treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonhyoung Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (W.P.); (S.P.)
| | - Sunwoo Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (W.P.); (S.P.)
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (W.P.); (S.P.)
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (W.L.); Tel.: +82-2-3290-3012 (G.S.); +82-2-910-4773 (W.L.); Fax: +82-2-3290-4994 (G.S.)
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Korea
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (W.L.); Tel.: +82-2-3290-3012 (G.S.); +82-2-910-4773 (W.L.); Fax: +82-2-3290-4994 (G.S.)
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Yang L, Lin S, Xu L, Lin J, Zhao C, Huang X. Novel activators and small-molecule inhibitors of STAT3 in cancer. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2019; 49:10-22. [PMID: 31677966 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2019.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Excessive activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling is observed in a subset of many cancers, making activated STAT3 a highly promising potential therapeutic target supported by multiple preclinical and clinical studies. However, early-phase clinical trials have produced mixed results with STAT3-targeted cancer therapies, revealing substantial complexity to targeting aberrant STAT3 signaling. This review discusses the diverse mechanisms of oncogenic activation of STAT3, and the small molecule inhibitors of STAT3 in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lehe Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China; Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Shichong Lin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China; Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Lingyuan Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China; Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Jiayuh Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Chengguang Zhao
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
| | - Xiaoying Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
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Ozbey U, Attar R, Romero MA, Alhewairini SS, Afshar B, Sabitaliyevich UY, Hanna-Wakim L, Ozcelik B, Farooqi AA. Apigenin as an effective anticancer natural product: Spotlight on TRAIL, WNT/β-catenin, JAK-STAT pathways, and microRNAs. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:1060-1067. [PMID: 30278099 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Wealth of information gleaned from decades of high-impact research work; scientists have disentangled the complicated web of versatile regulators that underlie cancer development and progression. Use of structural biology approaches and functional genomics have helped us to gain new insights into complex nature of cancer, and it is now clear that genetic/epigenetic mutations, overexpression of oncogenes, inactivation of tumor suppressors, loss of apoptosis, and versatility of protein binding partners have contributory roles in carcinogenesis and metastatic spread. It is becoming progressively more understandable that reprogramming of gene expression during and nontranscriptional changes during cancer development and progression are initiated and controlled by deregulated signal transduction cascades, all of which collectively create an incalculable complexity. Data obtained through preclinical and clinical trials revealed that alterations in the targeted oncogenes and other downstream, and parallel pathways played a central role in the development of resistance against different therapeutics. Phytochemicals have regained limelight, and different natural products are currently being tested for efficacy in preclinical studies. Apigenin, a plant-derived flavonoid has considerable pharmacological value and is reportedly involved in the regulation of different signaling cascades. In this review, we have attempted to summarize rapidly evolving understanding of molecular biologists and pharmacologists about the potential of apigenin in the regulation of deregulated signaling pathways in different cancers. We have emphasized on the regulation of WNT/β-catenin and janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathways. We also comprehensively discuss how apigenin restored apoptosis in tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-resistant cancers. The review also gives a snapshot of microRNAs (miRNAs) that regulate wide-ranging biological processes, and it is now clear that each miRNA can control hundreds of gene targets. Apigenin was noted to upregulate miR-520b and miR-101 in different cancers to inhibit tumor growth. Moreover, apigenin-induced apoptotic rate was significantly higher when used in combination with miR-423-5p inhibitors or miR-138 mimics. Better comprehension of linear and integrated signaling pathways will be helpful in effective therapeutic targeting of deregulated signaling pathways to inhibit/prevent cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulku Ozbey
- Department of Genetics, Health High School, Munzur University, Tunceli, Turkey
| | - Rukset Attar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yeditepe University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mirna Azalea Romero
- Laboratorio de Investigación Clínica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Acapulco, Guerrero, México
| | - Saleh S Alhewairini
- Department of Plant Production and Protection, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Behnaz Afshar
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Natural Resource, University of Gonbad Kavous, Gonbad-e Kavus, Golestan, Iran
| | | | - Lara Hanna-Wakim
- Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, The Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Beraat Ozcelik
- Food Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Park S, Lim W, Song G. Chrysophanol selectively represses breast cancer cell growth by inducing reactive oxygen species production and endoplasmic reticulum stress via AKT and mitogen-activated protein kinase signal pathways. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 360:201-211. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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40
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Sun Y, Zhou P, Chen S, Hu C, Bai Q, Wu H, Chen Y, Zhou P, Zeng X, Liu Z, Chen L. The JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway mediates inhibition of host cell apoptosis by Chlamydia psittaci infection. Pathog Dis 2018; 75:4062151. [PMID: 28981630 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftx088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The JAK-STAT3 signaling pathway is a key regulator of cell growth, motility, migration, invasion and apoptosis in mammalian cells. Infection with intracellular pathogens of the genus Chlamydia can inhibit host cell apoptosis, and here we asked whether the JAK-STAT3 pathway participates in chlamydial anti-apoptotic activity. We found that, compared with uninfected cells, levels of JAK1 and STAT3 mRNA as well as total and phosphorylated JAK1 and STAT3 protein, were significantly increased in C. psittaci-infected HeLa cells. Moreover, the apoptosis rate of infected cells was higher after treatment with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor AG-490 (2-cyano-3-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl)-N-(phenylmethyl)-2-propenamide). Immunoblotting of apoptosis-related proteins showed that C. psittaci infection reduces Bax, but increases Bcl-2, protein levels, resulting in reduced activation of caspase-3, caspase-7, caspase-9 and PARP; AG490 attenuates these effects. Together, our data suggest that the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway facilitates the anti-apoptotic effect of C. psittaci infection by reducing the Bax/Bcl-2 apoptotic switch ratio, and by inhibiting the intracellular activation of key pro-apoptotic enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbin Sun
- College of Public Health, University of South China, 28 West Changsheng Rd., Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- College of Public Health, University of South China, 28 West Changsheng Rd., Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Shenghua Chen
- Medical college, University of South China, 28 West Changsheng Rd., Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Chunsheng Hu
- Outpatient Department, Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Provention, Changsha 421000, China
| | - Qinqin Bai
- College of Public Health, University of South China, 28 West Changsheng Rd., Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Haiying Wu
- The second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, 28 West Changsheng Rd., Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Yuyu Chen
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 421000, China
| | - Pufan Zhou
- College of Public Health, University of South China, 28 West Changsheng Rd., Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Xindian Zeng
- College of Public Health, University of South China, 28 West Changsheng Rd., Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Ziqing Liu
- College of Public Health, University of South China, 28 West Changsheng Rd., Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Lili Chen
- College of Public Health, University of South China, 28 West Changsheng Rd., Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
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Xu L, Zhang Y, Tian K, Chen X, Zhang R, Mu X, Wu Y, Wang D, Wang S, Liu F, Wang T, Zhang J, Liu S, Zhang Y, Tu C, Liu H. Apigenin suppresses PD-L1 expression in melanoma and host dendritic cells to elicit synergistic therapeutic effects. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2018; 37:261. [PMID: 30373602 PMCID: PMC6206930 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0929-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The PD-L1/PD-1 pathway blockade-mediated immune therapy has shown promising efficacy in the treatment of multiple cancers including melanoma. The present study investigated the effects of the flavonoid apigenin on the PD-L1 expression and the tumorigenesis of melanoma. METHODS The influence of flavonoids on melanoma cell growth and apoptosis was investigated using cell proliferation and flow cytometric analyses. The differential IFN-γ-induced PD-L1 expression and STAT1 activation were examined in curcumin and apigenin-treated melanoma cells using immunoblotting or immunofluorescence assays. The effects of flavonoid treatment on melanoma sensitivity towards T cells were investigated using Jurkat cell killing, cytotoxicity, cell viability, and IL-2 secretion assays. Melanoma xenograft mouse model was used to assess the impact of flavonoids on tumorigenesis in vivo. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were used to examine the influence of flavonoids on PD-L1 expression in dendritic cells and cytotoxicity of cocultured cytokine-induced killer cells by cell killing assays. RESULTS Curcumin and apigenin showed growth-suppressive and pro-apoptotic effects on melanoma cells. The IFN-γ-induced PD-L1 upregulation was significantly inhibited by flavonoids, especially apigenin, with correlated reductions in STAT1 phosphorylation. Apigenin-treated A375 cells exhibited increased sensitivity towards T cell-mediated killing. Apigenin also strongly inhibited A375 melanoma xenograft growth in vivo, with enhanced T cell infiltration into tumor tissues. PD-L1 expression in dendritic cells was reduced by apigenin, which potentiated the cytotoxicity of cocultured cytokine-induced killer cells against melanoma cells. CONCLUSIONS Apigenin restricted melanoma growth through multiple mechanisms, among which its suppression of PD-L1 expression exerted a dual effect via regulating both tumor and antigen presenting cells. Our findings provide novel insights into the anticancer effects of apigenin and might have potential clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Cancer Biotherapy & Translational Medicine Center of Liaoning Province, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Kang Tian
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Rongxin Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xindi Mu
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yueguang Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Duchuang Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Fang Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Taishu Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jinrui Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shuyan Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yingqiu Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Caixia Tu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China. .,Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
| | - Han Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China. .,Cancer Biotherapy & Translational Medicine Center of Liaoning Province, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
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Jiang N, Lin JJ, Wang J, Zhang BN, Li A, Chen ZY, Guo S, Li BB, Duan YZ, Yan RY, Yan HF, Fu XY, Zhou JL, Yang HM, Cui Y. Novel treatment strategies for patients with HER2-positive breast cancer who do not benefit from current targeted therapy drugs. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:2183-2192. [PMID: 30186457 PMCID: PMC6122384 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 positive breast cancer (HER2+ BC) is characterized by a high rate of metastasis and drug resistance. The advent of targeted therapy drugs greatly improves the prognosis of HER2+ BC patients. However, drug resistance or severe side effects have limited the application of targeted therapy drugs. To achieve more effective treatment, considerable research has concentrated on strategies to overcome drug resistance. Abemaciclib (CDK4/6 inhibitor), a new antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), src homology 2 (SH2) containing tyrosine phosphatase-1 (SHP-1) and fatty acid synthase (FASN) have been demonstrated to improve drug resistance. In addition, using an effective vector to accurately deliver drugs to tumors has shown good application prospects. Many studies have also found that natural anti-cancer substances produced effective results during in vitro and in vivo anti-HER2+ BC research. This review aimed to summarize the current status of potential clinical drugs that may benefit HER2+ BC patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, 306 Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
- Department of General Surgery, 306 Teaching Hospital of Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Jing Lin
- Department of General Surgery, 306 Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
- Department of General Surgery, 306 Teaching Hospital of Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Hepatology, 302 Teaching Hospital of Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
| | - Bei-Ning Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, 306 Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
- Department of General Surgery, PLA 306 Clinical Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Beijing 230000, P.R. China
| | - Ao Li
- Department of General Surgery, 306 Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
- Department of General Surgery, PLA 306 Clinical Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Beijing 230000, P.R. China
| | - Zheng-Yang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, 306 Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
- Department of General Surgery, 306 Teaching Hospital of Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
| | - Song Guo
- Department of General Surgery, 306 Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
- Department of General Surgery, 306 Teaching Hospital of Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
| | - Bin-Bin Li
- Department of General Surgery, 306 Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
- Department of General Surgery, PLA 306 Clinical Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Beijing 230000, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Zhong Duan
- Department of General Surgery, 306 Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
| | - Ru-Yi Yan
- Department of General Surgery, PLA 306 Clinical Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Beijing 230000, P.R. China
- Department of Pathology, 306 Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Feng Yan
- Department of General Surgery, 306 Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Yan Fu
- Department of General Surgery, 306 Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Lian Zhou
- Department of Pathology, 306 Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
| | - He-Ming Yang
- Department of General Surgery, 306 Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
| | - Yan Cui
- Department of General Surgery, 306 Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
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Jenie RI, Handayani S, Susidarti RA, Udin LZ, Meiyanto E. The Cytotoxic and Antimigratory Activity of Brazilin-Doxorubicin on MCF-7/HER2 Cells. Adv Pharm Bull 2018; 8:507-516. [PMID: 30276148 PMCID: PMC6156471 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2018.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Breast cancer cells with overexpression of HER2 are known to be more aggressive, invasive, and resistant to chemotherapeutic agent. Brazilin, the major compound in the Caesalpinia sappan L. (CS) heartwood, has been studied for it's anticancer activity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic and antimigratory activity of brazilin (Bi) in combination with doxorubicin (Dox) on MCF-7/HER2 cells. Methods: Cytotoxic activities of Bi individually and in combination with Dox were examined by MTT assay. Synergistic effects were analyzed by combination index (CI). Apoptosis and cell cycle profiles were observed by using flow cytometry. Migrating and invading cells were observed by using a Boyden chamber assay. Levels of MMP2 and MMP9 activity were observed by using a gelatin zymography assay. Levels of HER2, Bcl-2, Rac1, and p120 protein expression were observed by using an immunoblotting assay. Results: The results of the MTT assay showed that Bi inhibited MCF-7/HER2 cell growth in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 of 54 ± 3.7 µM. Furthermore, the combination of Bi and Dox showed a synergistic effect (CI <1). Flow cytometric analysis of Bi and its combination with Dox showed cellular accumulation in the G2/M phase and induction of apoptosis through suppression of Bcl-2 protein expression. In the Boyden chamber assay, gelatin zymography, and subsequent immunoblotting assay, the combination Bi and Dox inhibited migration, possibly through downregulation of MMP9, MMP2, HER2, Rac1, and p120 protein expression. Conclusion: We conclude that Bi enhanced cytotoxic activity of Dox and inhibited migration of MCF-7/HER2 cells. Therefore, we believe that it has strong potential to be developed for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer with HER2 overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riris Istighfari Jenie
- Departement of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.,Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
| | - Sri Handayani
- Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.,Research Center for Chemistry, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Indonesia
| | - Ratna Asmah Susidarti
- Departement of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.,Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
| | - Linar Zalinar Udin
- Research Center for Chemistry, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Indonesia
| | - Edy Meiyanto
- Departement of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.,Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
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Younas M, Hano C, Giglioli-Guivarc'h N, Abbasi BH. Mechanistic evaluation of phytochemicals in breast cancer remedy: current understanding and future perspectives. RSC Adv 2018; 8:29714-29744. [PMID: 35547279 PMCID: PMC9085387 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra04879g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers around the globe and accounts for a large proportion of fatalities in women. Despite the advancement in therapeutic and diagnostic procedures, breast cancer still represents a major challenge. Current anti-breast cancer approaches include surgical removal, radiotherapy, hormonal therapy and the use of various chemotherapeutic drugs. However, drug resistance, associated serious adverse effects, metastasis and recurrence complications still need to be resolved which demand safe and alternative strategies. In this scenario, phytochemicals have recently gained huge attention due to their safety profile and cost-effectiveness. These phytochemicals modulate various genes, gene products and signalling pathways, thereby inhibiting breast cancer cell proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis and inducing apoptosis. Moreover, they also target breast cancer stem cells and overcome drug resistance problems in breast carcinomas. Phytochemicals as adjuvants with chemotherapeutic drugs have greatly enhanced their therapeutic efficacy. This review focuses on the recently recognized molecular mechanisms underlying breast cancer chemoprevention with the use of phytochemicals such as curcumin, resveratrol, silibinin, genistein, epigallocatechin gallate, secoisolariciresinol, thymoquinone, kaempferol, quercetin, parthenolide, sulforaphane, ginsenosides, naringenin, isoliquiritigenin, luteolin, benzyl isothiocyanate, α-mangostin, 3,3'-diindolylmethane, pterostilbene, vinca alkaloids and apigenin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Younas
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad-45320 Pakistan +92-51-90644121 +92-51-90644121 +33-767-97-0619
| | - Christophe Hano
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Plant Lignans Team, UPRES EA 1207, Université d'Orléans F 28000 Chartres France
| | | | - Bilal Haider Abbasi
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad-45320 Pakistan +92-51-90644121 +92-51-90644121 +33-767-97-0619
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Plant Lignans Team, UPRES EA 1207, Université d'Orléans F 28000 Chartres France
- EA2106 Biomolecules et Biotechnologies Vegetales, Universite Francois-Rabelais de Tours Tours France
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45
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Vrhovac Madunić I, Madunić J, Antunović M, Paradžik M, Garaj-Vrhovac V, Breljak D, Marijanović I, Gajski G. Apigenin, a dietary flavonoid, induces apoptosis, DNA damage, and oxidative stress in human breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA MB-231 cells. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2018. [PMID: 29541820 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-018-1486-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Apigenin is found in several dietary plant foods such as vegetables and fruits. To investigate potential anticancer properties of apigenin on human breast cancer, ER-positive MCF-7 and triple-negative MDA MB-231 cells were used. Moreover, toxicological safety of apigenin towards normal cells was evaluated in human lymphocytes. Cytotoxicity of apigenin towards cancer cells was evaluated by MTT assay whereas further genotoxic and oxidative stress parameters were measured by comet and lipid peroxidation assays, respectively. In order to examine the type of cell death induced by apigenin, several biomarkers were used. Toxicological safety towards normal cells was evaluated by cell viability and comet assays. After the treatment with apigenin, we observed changes in cell morphology in a dose- (10 to 100 μM) and time-dependent manner. Moreover, apigenin caused cell death in both cell lines leading to significant toxicity and dominantly to apoptosis. Furthermore, apigenin proved to be genotoxic towards the selected cancer cells with a potential to induce oxidative damage to lipids. Of great importance is that no significant cytogenotoxic effects were detected in normal cells. The observed cytogenotoxic and pro-cell death activities of apigenin coupled with its low toxicity towards normal cells indicate that this natural product could be used as a future anticancer modality. Therefore, further analysis to determine the exact mechanism of action and in vivo studies on animal models are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Vrhovac Madunić
- Molecular Toxicology Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Josip Madunić
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a/2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Antunović
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a/2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mladen Paradžik
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signalling, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vera Garaj-Vrhovac
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Davorka Breljak
- Molecular Toxicology Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Inga Marijanović
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a/2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Goran Gajski
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
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46
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Iqbal J, Abbasi BA, Mahmood T, Kanwal S, Ali B, Shah SA, Khalil AT. Plant-derived anticancer agents: A green anticancer approach. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtb.2017.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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47
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Shankar E, Goel A, Gupta K, Gupta S. Plant flavone apigenin: An emerging anticancer agent. CURRENT PHARMACOLOGY REPORTS 2017; 3:423-446. [PMID: 29399439 PMCID: PMC5791748 DOI: 10.1007/s40495-017-0113-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Research in cancer chemoprevention provides convincing evidence that increased intake of vegetables and fruits may reduce the risk of several human malignancies. Phytochemicals present therein provide beneficial anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that serve to improve the cellular microenvironment. Compounds known as flavonoids categorized anthocyanidins, flavonols, flavanones, flavonols, flavones, and isoflavones have shown considerable promise as chemopreventive agents. Apigenin (4', 5, 7-trihydroxyflavone), a major plant flavone, possessing antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties affecting several molecular and cellular targets used to treat various human diseases. Epidemiologic and case-control studies have suggested apigenin reduces the risk of certain cancers. Studies demonstrate that apigenin retain potent therapeutic properties alone and/or increases the efficacy of several chemotherapeutic drugs in combination on a variety of human cancers. Apigenin's anticancer effects could also be due to its differential effects in causing minimal toxicity to normal cells with delayed plasma clearance and slow decomposition in liver increasing the systemic bioavailability in pharmacokinetic studies. Here we discuss the anticancer role of apigenin highlighting its potential activity as a chemopreventive and therapeutic agent. We also highlight the current caveats that preclude apigenin for its use in the human trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eswar Shankar
- Department of Urology, The James and Eilleen Dicke Laboratory, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Urology, The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Aditi Goel
- Department of Biology, School of Undergraduate Studies, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Karishma Gupta
- Department of Urology, The James and Eilleen Dicke Laboratory, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Urology, The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Sanjay Gupta
- Department of Urology, The James and Eilleen Dicke Laboratory, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Urology, The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Division of General Medical Sciences, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Urology, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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48
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Medhat AM, Azab KS, Said MM, El Fatih NM, El Bakary NM. Antitumor and radiosensitizing synergistic effects of apigenin and cryptotanshinone against solid Ehrlich carcinoma in female mice. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317728480. [PMID: 29022496 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317728480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Considerable attention has been paid to the introduction of novel naturally occurring plant-derived radiosensitizer compounds in order to augment the radiation efficacy and improve the treatment outcome of different tumors. This study was therefore undertaken to evaluate the antitumor, antiangiogeneic, and synergistic radiosensitizing effects of apigenin, a dietary flavonoid, and/or cryptotanshinone, a terpenoid isolated from the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza, against the growth of solid Ehrlich carcinoma in female mice. Apigenin (50 mg/kg body weight) and/or cryptotanshinone (40 mg/kg body weight) was intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected into non-irradiated or γ-irradiated (6.5 Gy whole-body γ-irradiation) solid Ehrlich carcinoma-bearing mice for 30 consecutive days. Investigations included molecular targets involved in proliferation, inflammation, angiogenesis, and tumor invasiveness. Treatment with apigenin and/or cryptotanshinone significantly suppressed the growth of solid Ehrlich carcinoma tumors and demonstrated a synergistic radiosensitizing efficacy together with γ-irradiation. These effects were achieved through downregulating the expression of angiogenic and lymphangiogenic regulators, including signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, vascular endothelial growth factor C, and tumor necrosis factor alpha, suppressing matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 activities, which play a key role in tumor invasion and metastasis, and enhancing apoptosis via inducing cleaved caspase-3 and granzyme B levels. Histological findings of solid Ehrlich carcinoma tumors verified the recorded data. In conclusion, a synergistic radiosensitizing efficacy for apigenin and cryptotanshinone was demonstrated against Ehrlich carcinoma in the current in vivo murine model, representing therefore a potential therapeutic strategy for increasing the radiation response of solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina M Medhat
- 1 Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khaled Sh Azab
- 2 Radiation Biology Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M Said
- 1 Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Neama M El Fatih
- 2 Radiation Biology Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nermeen M El Bakary
- 2 Radiation Biology Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
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49
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Yan X, Qi M, Li P, Zhan Y, Shao H. Apigenin in cancer therapy: anti-cancer effects and mechanisms of action. Cell Biosci 2017; 7:50. [PMID: 29034071 PMCID: PMC5629766 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-017-0179-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Apigenin is a common dietary flavonoid that is abundantly present in many fruits, vegetables and Chinese medicinal herbs and serves multiple physiological functions, such as strong anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial and antiviral activities and blood pressure reduction. Therefore, apigenin has been used as a traditional medicine for centuries. Recently, apigenin has been widely investigated for its anti-cancer activities and low toxicity. Apigenin was reported to suppress various human cancers in vitro and in vivo by multiple biological effects, such as triggering cell apoptosis and autophagy, inducing cell cycle arrest, suppressing cell migration and invasion, and stimulating an immune response. In this review, we focus on the most recent advances in the anti-cancer effects of apigenin and their underlying mechanisms, and we summarize the signaling pathways modulated by apigenin, including the PI3K/AKT, MAPK/ERK, JAK/STAT, NF-κB and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. We also discuss combinatorial strategies to enhance the anti-cancer effect of apigenin on various cancers and its use as an adjuvant chemotherapeutic agent to overcome cancer drug resistance or to alleviate other adverse effects of chemotherapy. The functions of apigenin against cancer stem cells are also summarized and discussed. These data demonstrate that apigenin is a promising reagent for cancer therapy. Apigenin appears to have the potential to be developed either as a dietary supplement or as an adjuvant chemotherapeutic agent for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Yan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Plant Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119 China
| | - Miao Qi
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Plant Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119 China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Plant Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119 China
| | - Yihong Zhan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Plant Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119 China
| | - Huanjie Shao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Plant Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119 China
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50
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Masuelli L, Benvenuto M, Mattera R, Di Stefano E, Zago E, Taffera G, Tresoldi I, Giganti MG, Frajese GV, Berardi G, Modesti A, Bei R. In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-tumoral Effects of the Flavonoid Apigenin in Malignant Mesothelioma. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:373. [PMID: 28674496 PMCID: PMC5474957 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a tumor arising from mesothelium. MM patients’ survival is poor. The polyphenol 4′,5,7,-trihydroxyflavone Apigenin (API) is a “multifunctional drug”. Several studies have demonstrated API anti-tumoral effects. However, little is known on the in vitro and in vivo anti-tumoral effects of API in MM. Thus, we analyzed the in vitro effects of API on cell proliferation, cell cycle regulation, pro-survival signaling pathways, apoptosis, and autophagy of human and mouse MM cells. We evaluated the in vivo anti-tumor activities of API in mice transplanted with MM #40a cells forming ascites. API inhibited in vitro MM cells survival, increased reactive oxygen species intracellular production and induced DNA damage. API activated apoptosis but not autophagy. API-induced apoptosis was sustained by the increase of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, increase of p53 expression, activation of both caspase 9 and caspase 8, cleavage of PARP-1, and increase of the percentage of cells in subG1 phase. API treatment affected the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, JNK and p38 MAPKs in a cell-type specific manner, inhibited AKT phosphorylation, decreased c-Jun expression and phosphorylation, and inhibited NF-κB nuclear translocation. Intraperitoneal administration of API increased the median survival of C57BL/6 mice intraperitoneally transplanted with #40a cells and reduced the risk of tumor growth. Our findings may have important implications for the design of MM treatment using API.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Masuelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Sapienza",Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Benvenuto
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata",Rome, Italy
| | - Rosanna Mattera
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata",Rome, Italy
| | - Enrica Di Stefano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Sapienza",Rome, Italy
| | - Erika Zago
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Sapienza",Rome, Italy
| | - Gloria Taffera
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata",Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Tresoldi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata",Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Gabriella Giganti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata",Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vanni Frajese
- Department of Sports Science, Human and Health, University of Rome "Foro Italico",Rome, Italy
| | - Ginevra Berardi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome "Sapienza",Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Modesti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata",Rome, Italy.,Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata",Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Bei
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata",Rome, Italy.,Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata",Rome, Italy
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