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Gasperini S, Greco G, Angelini S, Hrelia P, Fimognari C, Lenzi M. Antimutagenicity and Antioxidant Activity of Castanea sativa Mill. Bark Extract. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2465. [PMID: 37896225 PMCID: PMC10610242 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Castanea sativa Mill. (Cs), a plant traditionally employed in nutrition and to treat various respiratory and gastrointestinal infections, possesses cancer chemopreventive characteristics. In particular, Cs bark extract previously demonstrated antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic activities against a leukemic lymphoblastic cell line. Starting from this evidence, the aim of this paper was to investigate the possibility to affect also the earlier phases of the carcinogenic process by evaluating Cs bark extract's antimutagenic properties, in particular using the "In Vitro Mammalian Cell Micronucleus Test" on TK6 cells performed by flow cytometry. For this purpose, since an ideal chemopreventive agent should be virtually nontoxic, the first step was to exclude the extract's genotoxicity. Afterwards, the antimutagenic effect of the extract was evaluated against two known mutagens, the clastogen mitomycin C (MMC) and the aneugen vinblastine (VINB). Our results indicate that Cs bark extract protected cells from MMC-induced damage (micronuclei frequency fold increase reduction from 2.9 to 1.8) but not from VINB. Moreover, we demonstrated that Cs bark extract was a strong antioxidant and significantly reduced MMC-induced ROS levels by over 2 fold. Overall, our research supports the assumption that Cs bark extract can counteract MMC mutagenicity by possibly scavenging ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Gasperini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Via San Donato 15, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (S.G.); (S.A.); (P.H.); (M.L.)
| | - Giulia Greco
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Sabrina Angelini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Via San Donato 15, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (S.G.); (S.A.); (P.H.); (M.L.)
| | - Patrizia Hrelia
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Via San Donato 15, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (S.G.); (S.A.); (P.H.); (M.L.)
| | - Carmela Fimognari
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Corso d’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Monia Lenzi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Via San Donato 15, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (S.G.); (S.A.); (P.H.); (M.L.)
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Lenzi M, Turrini E, Catanzaro E, Cocchi V, Guerrini A, Hrelia P, Gasperini S, Stefanelli C, Abdi Bellau ML, Pellicioni V, Tacchini M, Greco G, Fimognari C. In Vitro Investigation of the Anticancer Properties of Ammodaucus Leucotrichus Coss. & Dur.. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1491. [PMID: 36558942 PMCID: PMC9785806 DOI: 10.3390/ph15121491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the pharmacological activity of Ammodaucus leucotrichus Coss. & Dur., a small annual species that grows in the Saharan and sub-Saharan countries. In the present study, we investigated whether the standardized ethanolic extract of A. leucotrichus fruits and R-perillaldehyde, a monoterpenoid isolated from A. leucotrichus fruits, are able to affect different processes involved in different phases of cancer development. In particular, we explored their genoprotective, proapoptotic, antiproliferative, and cytodifferentiating potential on different human cell models. We analyzed the genoprotective and proapoptotic activity on human lymphoblast cells (TK6) using the micronucleus test, and the cytodifferentiation effects on human promyelocytic cells (HL60) through the evaluation of different markers of differentiation forward granulocytes or monocytes. The results showed that the extract and perillaldehyde were able to induce apoptosis and protect from clastogen-induced DNA damage. To our best knowledge, this is the first report on the ability of A. leucotrichus and perillaldehyde to induce apoptosis and protect DNA from the toxicity of different compounds. Data reported in this work are the starting point for their pharmacological use. Going forward, efforts to determine their effects on other events associated with cancer development, such as angiogenesis and metastasization, will provide important information and improve our understanding of their potential in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monia Lenzi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, via San Donato 15, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Eleonora Turrini
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Corso d’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Elena Catanzaro
- Cell Death Investigation and Therapy (CDIT) Laboratory, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Veronica Cocchi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, via San Donato 15, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandra Guerrini
- Pharmaceutical Biology Lab., Research Unit 7 of Terra&Acqua Tech Technopole Lab., Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Piazzale Luciano Chiappini 3, 44123 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Patrizia Hrelia
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, via San Donato 15, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sofia Gasperini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, via San Donato 15, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Stefanelli
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Corso d’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | | | - Valentina Pellicioni
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Corso d’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Massimo Tacchini
- Pharmaceutical Biology Lab., Research Unit 7 of Terra&Acqua Tech Technopole Lab., Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Piazzale Luciano Chiappini 3, 44123 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giulia Greco
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Carmela Fimognari
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Corso d’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
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Abstract
The existing concepts of antimutagenesis are briefly reviewed. Published reports on antimutagenic and proapoptotic properties of some polyphenols and compounds of other chemical groups obtained in representative in vitro and in vivo experiments on eukaryotic test systems are discussed. The relationships between the antimutagenic and proapoptotic properties of the analyzed compounds (naringin, apigenin, resveratrol, curcumin, N-acetylcysteine, etc.) are considered in favor of the hypothesis on induced cell death as an antimutagenic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- N V Eremina
- V. V. Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A K Zhanataev
- V. V. Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A D Durnev
- V. V. Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
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Cocchi V, Hrelia P, Lenzi M. Antimutagenic and Chemopreventive Properties of 6-(Methylsulfinyl) Hexyl Isothiocyanate on TK6 Human Cells by Flow Cytometry. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1242. [PMID: 32973500 PMCID: PMC7461824 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
6-(methylsulfinyl) hexyl isothiocyanate (6-MITC), is the main bioactive compound present in Wasabia japonica rhizome. Several scientific studies have shown that 6-MITC possesses interesting antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiplatelet and antioxidant properties which therefore suggested us it could have an interesting chemopreventive potential. In a recent publication, we demonstrated, in two different leukemia cell lines, its ability to modulate several mechanisms supporting its antitumor activity. For this reason, we thought useful to continue the research, by investigating the potential antimutagenic activity of 6-MITC and thus better define its profile as a possible chemopreventive agent. 6-MITC antimutagenic effect against two known mutagenic agents: the clastogen Mitomycin C (MMC) and the aneuplodogen Vinblastine (VINB), was analyzed, in terms of micronuclei frequency decrease, after short- and long- time treatment on TK6 human cells, using a new automated protocol of the “In Vitro Mammalian Cell Micronucleous Test” by flow cytometry. The results showed a different behavior of the isothiocyante. In particular, 6-MITC was unable to counteract the MMC genotoxicity, but when it was associated with VINB a statistically significant decrease in the micronuclei frequency was registered. Overall, the results obtained suggest a potential antimutagenic activity of 6-MITC, in particular against the aneuploidogen agents. This ability, to inhibit or counteract the mutations at the cellular level has a great therapeutic value and it represents a mechanism through a chemopreventive agent can express its activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Cocchi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Patrizia Hrelia
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Monia Lenzi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Shkarupa VM, Klymenko SV, Talko VV. Modification of radiation induced chromosome damage in Allium test by sodium humate. Probl Radiac Med Radiobiol 2016; 21:159-171. [PMID: 28027550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cytogenetic analysis of the effects of sodium humate in induced γ irradiation mutagenesis in Allium test. MATERIALS AND METHODS Analysis of the root meristem cells of Allium cepa L. seeds carried by ana telophase. Inves tigated the effect of sodium humate (100 mg/l) on cytogenetic effects γ irradiation (137Cs) at doses of 5, 10 and 20 Gy. RESULTS Antimutagenic effect of sodium humate was revealed, what allows to consider it as potential therapeutic modifier of radiation damage. Antimutagenic effect of sodium humate increased with increasing irradiation dose. Spotted differential activity of the drug with respect to various types of aberrations are most effectively reducing the frequency of radiation markers mutagenesis - chromosomal aberrations manifested in lower efficiency of long term survivors against potential changes of chromosomes compared with short lived. CONCLUSIONS Revealed different mechanisms for implementing antimutagenic properties of sodium humate in con dition of γ irradiation induced mutagenesis in Allium test.
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Affiliation(s)
- V M Shkarupa
- National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, 56 Pyrohova str., Vinnytsya, 21018, Ukraine
| | - S V Klymenko
- State Institution National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Melnykov str., 53, Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
| | - V V Talko
- State Institution National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Melnykov str., 53, Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
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Jovtchev G, Gateva S, Stankov A. Lilium compounds kaempferol and jatropham can modulate cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of radiomimetic zeocin in plants and human lymphocytes In vitro. Environ Toxicol 2016; 31:751-764. [PMID: 25504804 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Revised: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Organisms are constantly exposed to the detrimental effect of environmental DNA-damaging agents. The harmful effects of environmental genotoxins could be decreased in a viable way by antimutagenesis. One of the modern approaches to reduce the mutagenic burden is based on exogenous natural and synthetic compounds that possess protective and antimutagenic potential against genotoxins. The natural compounds kaempferol and jatropham isolated from Lilium candidum were tested with respect to their potential to protect cells against the radiomimetic zeocin, as well as to their cytotoxic and genotoxic activities in two types of experimental eukaryotic test systems: Hordeum vulgare and human lymphocytes in vitro. Mitotic index (MI) was used as an endpoint for cytotoxicity; the frequency of chromosome aberrations (MwA) and the number of induced micronuclei (MN), as endpoints for genotoxicity/clastogenicity. Formation of aberration "hot spots" was also used as an indicator for genotoxicity in H. vulgare. Both kaempferol and jatropham were shown to possess a potential to modulate and decrease the cytotoxic and genotoxic/clastogenic effect of zeocin depending on the experimental design and the test system. Our data could be useful for health research programs, particularly in clarifying the pharmacological potential and activity of natural plant compounds. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 751-764, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Jovtchev
- Department of Environmental Mutagenesis and Genetic Risk Assessment, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, BAS, 2 Gagarin Street, Sofia, 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Svetla Gateva
- Department of Environmental Mutagenesis and Genetic Risk Assessment, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, BAS, 2 Gagarin Street, Sofia, 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Alexander Stankov
- Department of Environmental Mutagenesis and Genetic Risk Assessment, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, BAS, 2 Gagarin Street, Sofia, 1113, Bulgaria
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Jeong M, Park JM, Han YM, Kangwan N, Kwon SO, Kim BN, Kim WH, Hahm KB. Dietary Intervention of Artemisia and Green Tea Extracts to Rejuvenate Helicobacter pylori-Associated Chronic Atrophic Gastritis and to Prevent Tumorigenesis. Helicobacter 2016; 21:40-59. [PMID: 25864522 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT As nonmicrobial dietary approach is capable of controlling Helicobacter pylori infection, we evaluated the efficacy of long-term dietary administration of Artemisia and/or green tea extracts on H. pylori-initiated, high-salt-promoted chronic atrophic gastritis and gastric tumorigenesis mouse model. METHODS Helicobacter pylori-infected and high-salt-diet-administered C57BL/6 mice were administered with Artemisia extracts (MP group) and/or green tea extracts (GT group) for 36 weeks in addition to the control group (ES group, gastroprotective drug, ecabet sodium 30 mg/kg, diet pellet). Gross and pathological gastric lesions were evaluated after 24 and 36 weeks, respectively, and their underlying molecular changes were measured in gastric homogenates. Detailed mechanisms were further evaluated in in vitro cell models. RESULTS The erythematous and nodular changes and mucosal ulcerative and erosive lesions were noted in the control group at 24 weeks. MP, GT, MPGT, and ES groups all showed significantly ameliorated pathologic lesion compared to the control group (p < .05). After the 36 weeks, scattered nodular masses with some central ulcers and thin gastric surface were noted in the control stomach, whereas no tumorous lesion and milder atrophic changes were observed in all MP, GT, and MPGT groups except ES group (p < .05). On molecular analysis, increased expressions of COX-2, TNF-α, IL-6, lipid peroxide, and activated STAT3 relevant to H. pylori infection were significantly decreased with MPGT administration (p < .01), whereas HSP70 was significantly increased. PGDH expressions, core tumor suppressor involved in carcinogenesis, were significantly decreased with H. pylori infection (p < .05), but significantly increased in MPGT group (p < .05). Increased mucosal apoptotic index noted in the control group was significantly decreased with MP and/or GT along with significantly preserved gastric gastroprotective mediators (p < .01) such as mucins, HSP27, and HSP70. H. pylori-induced serum TNF-α and NF-κB activations were significantly decreased with MPGT administration (p < .05). CONCLUSION Long-term dietary intake of MP and/or GT can be an effective strategy either to rejuvenate H. pylori atrophic gastritis or to suppress tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Migyeong Jeong
- CHA Cancer Prevention Research Center, CHA Bio Complex, CHA University, Pangyo, Korea
| | - Jong-Min Park
- CHA Cancer Prevention Research Center, CHA Bio Complex, CHA University, Pangyo, Korea
| | - Young-Min Han
- CHA Cancer Prevention Research Center, CHA Bio Complex, CHA University, Pangyo, Korea
| | - Napapan Kangwan
- CHA Cancer Prevention Research Center, CHA Bio Complex, CHA University, Pangyo, Korea
| | - Sang-Oh Kwon
- S&D Research and Development Institute, Osong, Korea
| | - Bok-Nam Kim
- Department of Tourism Food Service Cuisine, Hallym Polytechnic University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Won-Hee Kim
- Digestive Disease Center, CHA University Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Ki-Baik Hahm
- CHA Cancer Prevention Research Center, CHA Bio Complex, CHA University, Pangyo, Korea.,Digestive Disease Center, CHA University Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam, Korea
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Rocha RS, Kassuya CAL, Formagio ASN, Mauro MDO, Andrade-Silva M, Monreal ACD, Cunha-Laura AL, Vieira MDC, Oliveira RJ. Analysis of the anti-inflammatory and chemopreventive potential and description of the antimutagenic mode of action of the Annona crassiflora methanolic extract. Pharm Biol 2015; 54:35-47. [PMID: 25885939 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2015.1014567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Annona crassiflora Mart. (Annonaceae) is a medicinal plant that is widely used in folk medicine, which leads to its investigation as a potential source of new pharmacological principles. OBJECTIVE This study describes the anti-inflammatory, antiallodynic, and antimutagenic/chemopreventive activities of the leaves A. crassiflora methanolic extract. Its antimutagenic mode of action was analyzed in a plant or animal experimental model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Total flavonoids were quantified by spectrophotometry at 415 nm and its composition was analyzed by (1)H NMR spectra. Animals received orally, 30, 100, and 300 mg/kg of extract in both tests, carrageenan-induced paw edema and myeloperoxidase activity. Animals were treated with 100 and 300 mg/kg, in all the analyzed tests, pleural cell migration and protein exudation, carrageenan-induced cell migration into the pouch, induction of joint inflammation and carrageenan-induced allodynia response in the mouse paw. To evaluate the antimutagenic/chemopreventive activity through the Allium cepa test, we used 5, 10, and 15 mg/L of extract, and for the micronucleus test in the peripheral blood, we used the dose of 15 mg/kg. RESULTS The fractionation of the ethyl acetate (EA) fraction, resulting from the partition of the methanol extract of the A. crassiflora, afforded through chromatographic methods resulted in the isolation of kaempferol 3-O-β-glucoside and kaempferol 3-O-β-diglucoside. Oral treatment with 100 and 300 mg/kg of extract significantly inhibited the carrageenan-induced edema formation, with inhibitions of 53 ± 7% and 47 ± 10%; in MPO activity, the observed inhibitions were 60 ± 7% for 100 mg/kg treatment and 63 ± 7% for 300 mg/kg. The ACME reduced significantly the total leukocytes (an inhibition of 78 ± 9% with 100 mg/kg and 90 ± 7% with 300 mg/kg) and protein levels (approximately 100% inhibition with both doses) in the pleurisy model. In carrageenan-induced leukocyte migration into the pouch, the extract inhibited leukocyte migration only when administered 300 mg/kg per dose (the reduction was 43 ± 5%). Pretreatment with extract failed to reduce the zymosan-induced edema formation and did not inhibit the carrageenan-induced mechanical allodynia. Damage reduction in Allium cepa tested with different concentrations (5, 10, and 15 mg/L) was 66.17, 75.75, and 69.19% for the pre-treatment; 72.72, 33.33, and 22.22% for the simple simultaneous treatment; 100.50, 93.93, and 102.52% for the simultaneous treatment with pre-incubation; 89.39, 79.79, and 84.34%; for the post-treatment, and 86.36, 81.31, and 93.43% for the continuous treatment. The antimutagenic evaluation in the micronucleous test showed a damage reduction of 75.00 and 64.58% for the pre-treatment and simultaneous protocols, respectively. The post-treatment protocol increased the cyclophosphamide effects in 45.83%. CONCLUSION These results suggest that this medicinal plant has chemopreventive and anti-inflammatory therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Schroder Rocha
- a Center of Studies in Stem Cells, Cell Therapy and Genetic Toxicology (CeTroGen), University Hospital (NHU), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) , Campo Grande , MS , Brazil
- b Center of Biological and Health Sciences (CCBS), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) , Campo Grande , MS , Brazil
| | | | | | - Mariana de Oliveira Mauro
- a Center of Studies in Stem Cells, Cell Therapy and Genetic Toxicology (CeTroGen), University Hospital (NHU), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) , Campo Grande , MS , Brazil
- e Midwest Pro Network - Graduate Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) , Campo Grande , MS , Brazil
| | - Magaiver Andrade-Silva
- c Faculty of Health Sciences (FCS), Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD) , Dourados , MS , Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Duenhas Monreal
- b Center of Biological and Health Sciences (CCBS), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) , Campo Grande , MS , Brazil
| | - Andréa Luiza Cunha-Laura
- b Center of Biological and Health Sciences (CCBS), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) , Campo Grande , MS , Brazil
- f Master's Programme in Pharmacy, Center of Biological and Health Sciences (CCBS), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) , Campo Grande , MS , Brazil , and
| | - Maria do Carmo Vieira
- d Faculty of Agricultural Sciences (FCA), Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD) , Dourados , MS , Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Juliano Oliveira
- a Center of Studies in Stem Cells, Cell Therapy and Genetic Toxicology (CeTroGen), University Hospital (NHU), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) , Campo Grande , MS , Brazil
- f Master's Programme in Pharmacy, Center of Biological and Health Sciences (CCBS), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) , Campo Grande , MS , Brazil , and
- g Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Midwest Region, School of Medicine "Dr. Hélio Mandetta" (FAMED), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) , Campo Grande , MS , Brazil
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Shkarupa VM, Klymenko SV, Таlko VV. Cytogenetic analysis of radioprotective properties of sodium lignogumate after gamma-exposure in Allium-test. Probl Radiac Med Radiobiol 2014; 19:490-508. [PMID: 25536586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Objective. Comprehensive cytogenetic analysis of the effects of sodium lignohumate in induced γ-irradiation mutagenesis in Allium-test. Materials and methods. Analysis of the root meristem cells of Allium cepa L. seeds carried by ana-telophase. Lignohumate investigated the effect of sodium (100 mg/l) on cytogenetic effects γ-irradiation (137Cs) at doses of 5, 10 and 20 Gy. Results. Polyfunctionality lignohumate sodium antimutagen as provided by the presence not only antioxidant properties, but other antimutagenic mechanisms. Thus Lignohumate sodium exhibits radioprotective properties of the therapeutic. Stimulation of repair processes influenced lignohumate depends on the radiation dose. It is most effective at a dose of 5 Gy. Upon irradiation at doses of 10 Gy and 20 predominate, other mechanisms, including stimulation of apoptosis and repopulation. Spotted differential activity of the drug with respect to various types of aberrations are most effectively reducing the frequency of radiation markers mutagenesis - chromosomal aberrations manifested in lower efficiency of long term survivors against potential changes of chromosomes compared with short-lived. Conclusions. Revealed multiple mechanisms for implementing antimutagenic properties lignohumate sodium γ-irradiation-induced mutagenesis in Allium-test.
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Affiliation(s)
- V M Shkarupa
- State Institution National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Melnykov str., 53, Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine.
| | - S V Klymenko
- State Institution National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Melnykov str., 53, Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine.
| | - V V Таlko
- State Institution National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Melnykov str., 53, Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine.
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Ra Yoon M, Hyun Nam S, Young Kang M. Antioxidative and antimutagenic activities of 70% ethanolic extracts from four fungal mycelia-fermented specialty rices. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2011; 43:118-25. [PMID: 18818745 PMCID: PMC2533716 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.2008056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2008] [Accepted: 04/22/2008] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The health-promoting potential of 70% ethanolic extracts of 4 rice varieties fermented with Monascus ruber, Phellinus linteus, Cordyceps sinensis and Agaricus blazei was evaluated mainly focusing on their antioxidative and antimutagenic capacities based on the following parameters: phenolic compound and phytic acid content; inhibitory activity on lipid peroxidation; scavenging activity on DPPH radical; suppressing ability on mitomycin C-induced mutagenesis in E. coli cells; and protective effect on 4-nitroquinoline oxide-triggered DNA lesion in V79 hamster cells. The fermented rice extracts were superior in overall health-promoting parameters compared to the source material. The higher antimutagenic activity of the fermented rice extracts might be in part caused by a larger amount of antioxidant constituents such as phenolic compounds or phytic acid. Of the fungal species, Monascus ruber was found to impart a marked increase in both the antioxidative and antimutagenic abilities to the source material. The current study suggests a possibility that such fermented rice may contribute to the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases such as cancer through a daily intake of rice-based diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Ra Yoon
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, 1370 Sankyuk-dong, Puk-gu, Daegu 702-701, Korea
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Walker DM, Kajon AE, Torres SM, Carter MM, McCash CL, Swenberg JA, Upton PB, Hardy AW, Olivero OA, Shearer GM, Poirier MC, Walker VE. WR1065 mitigates AZT-ddI-induced mutagenesis and inhibits viral replication. Environ Mol Mutagen 2009; 50:460-472. [PMID: 19334055 PMCID: PMC3197270 DOI: 10.1002/em.20482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The success of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) in treating HIV-1 infection and reducing mother-to-child transmission of the virus during pregnancy is accompanied by evidence that NRTIs cause long-term health risks for cancer and mitochondrial disease. Thus, agents that mitigate toxicities of the current combination drug therapies are needed. Previous work had shown that the NRTI-drug pair zidovudine (AZT)-didanosine (ddI) was highly cytotoxic and mutagenic; thus, we conducted preliminary studies to investigate the ability of the active moiety of amifostine, WR1065, to protect against the deleterious effects of this NRTI-drug pair. In TK6 cells exposed to 100 muM AZT-ddI (equimolar) for 3 days with or without 150 muM WR1065, WR1065 enhanced long-term cell survival and significantly reduced AZT-ddI-induced mutations. Follow-up studies were conducted to determine if coexposure to AZT and WR1065 abrogated the antiretroviral efficacy of AZT. In human T-cell blasts infected with HIV-1 in culture, inhibition of p24 protein production was observed in cells treated with 10 muM AZT in the absence or presence of 5-1,000 muM WR1065. Surprisingly, WR1065 alone exhibited dose-related inhibition of HIV-1 p24 protein production. WR1065 also had antiviral efficacy against three species of adenovirus and influenza A and B. Intracellular levels of unbound WR1065 were measured following in vitro/in vivo drug exposure. These pilot study results indicate that WR1065, at low intracellular levels, has cytoprotective and antimutagenic activities against the most mutagenic pair of NRTIs and has broad spectrum antiviral effects. These findings suggest that the activities have a possible common mode of action that merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dale M. Walker
- BioMosaics, Inc., Burlington, Vermont
- Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Adriana E. Kajon
- Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Salina M. Torres
- Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico
- College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Meghan M. Carter
- Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | | | - James A. Swenberg
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Patricia B. Upton
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Andrew W. Hardy
- AMRV, CCR, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ofelia A. Olivero
- CDI Section, LCBG, CCR, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Gene M. Shearer
- AMRV, CCR, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Miriam C. Poirier
- CDI Section, LCBG, CCR, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Vernon E. Walker
- BioMosaics, Inc., Burlington, Vermont
- Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico
- College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
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Hernaez J, Xu M, Dashwood R. Effects of tea and chlorophyllin on the mutagenicity of N-hydroxy-IQ: studies of enzyme inhibition, molecular complex formation, and degradation/scavenging of the active metabolites. Environ Mol Mutagen 1997; 30:468-474. [PMID: 9435888 PMCID: PMC2266694 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-2280(1997)30:4<468::aid-em12>3.0.co;2-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Green tea and black tea inhibit the formation of carcinogen-DNA adducts and colonic aberrant crypts in rats given 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4, 5-f]quinoline (IQ), a mutagen from cooked meat. The Salmonella mutagenicity assay was used in the present study to test individual constituents of tea as inhibitors of 2-hydroxyamino-3-methylimidazo[4, 5-f]quinoline (N-hydroxy-IQ), a direct-acting metabolite of IQ. Testing of pure compounds at doses relevant to their levels in tea identified epigallocatechin (EGC) and epigalocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) as the primary antimutagens. Studies of the inhibitory mechanisms established that the rate of degradation of N-hydroxy-IQ under aqueous conditions was not increased significantly in the presence of tea, in contrast to the results obtained with the complexing agent chlorophyllin (CHL), which rapidly degraded the mutagen. Interaction between N-hydroxy-IQ and several tea constituents was detected in spectrophotometric studies, but the binding constants were only on the order of 1 x 10(3) M-1, suggesting that mechanisms other than complex formation might prevail under the conditions of the Salmonella assay. Comparison of the results in two different strains of Salmonella typhimurium, TA98 and TA98/1,8-DNP6, indicated that the antimutagenic activity of EGCG was dependent, at least in part, on a functional O-acetyltransferase activity in the bacteria. These studies suggest that tea constituents inhibit the enzyme(s) which generate the aryl nitrenium ion and directly scavenge the reactive electrophile, whereas CHL complexes with heterocyclic amines and facilitates the degradation of active metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hernaez
- Department of Environmental Biochemistry, University of Hawaii, Honolulu 96822, USA
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