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He D, Zheng S, Cao J, Deng J, Ding R, Xu Y, Cheng X. CircCOX6A1 suppresses osteogenic differentiation and aggravates osteoporosis via miR-512-3p/DYRK2 axis. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:636. [PMID: 38727863 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09532-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis (OP), characterized by compromised bone integrity and increased fracture risk, poses a significant health challenge. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as crucial regulators in various pathophysiological processes, prompting investigation into their role in osteoporosis. This study aimed to elucidate the involvement of circCOX6A1 in OP progression and understand its underlying molecular mechanisms. The primary objective was to explore the impact of circCOX6A1 on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and its potential interactions with miR-512-3p and DYRK2. METHODS GSE161361 microarray analysis was employed to assess circCOX6A1 expression in OP patients. We utilized in vitro and in vivo models, including BMSC cultures, osteogenic differentiation assays, and an OVX-induced mouse model of OP. Molecular techniques such as quantitative RT-PCR, western blotting, and functional assays like alizarin red staining (ARS) were employed to evaluate circCOX6A1 effects on BMSC proliferation, apoptosis, and osteogenic differentiation. The interaction between circCOX6A1, miR-512-3p, and DYRK2 was investigated through dual luciferase reporter assays, RNA immunoprecipitation, and RNA pull-down assays. RESULTS CircCOX6A1 was found to be upregulated in osteoporosis patients, and its expression inversely correlated with osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. CircCOX6A1 knockdown enhanced osteogenic differentiation, as evidenced by increased mineralized nodule formation and upregulation of osteogenic markers. In vivo, circCOX6A1 knockdown ameliorated osteoporosis progression in OVX mice. Mechanistically, circCOX6A1 acted as a sponge for miR-512-3p, subsequently regulating DYRK2 expression. CONCLUSION This study provides compelling evidence for the role of circCOX6A1 in osteoporosis pathogenesis. CircCOX6A1 negatively regulates BMSC osteogenic differentiation through the miR-512-3p/DYRK2 axis, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target for mitigating OP progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingwen He
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1 Minde Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Sikuan Zheng
- School of Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Jian Cao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1 Minde Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Jianjian Deng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1 Minde Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Rui Ding
- School of Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Yanjie Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1 Minde Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
| | - Xigao Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1 Minde Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
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Du X, Chen Z, Shui W. Research progress of circRNA as a biomarker of osteoporosis. Front Genet 2024; 15:1378026. [PMID: 38798702 PMCID: PMC11119285 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1378026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis, as a chronic metabolic bone disease, has the characteristic of insidious disease progression, which often leads to relatively delayed disease diagnosis. Therefore, early screening for osteoporosis has become a major public health challenge. The latest research indicates that circRNA is widely involved in the regulation of bone metabolism and is closely related to the occurrence and development of osteoporosis. Based on its high degree of sequence conservation and stability, circRNA has the potential to become a new clinical biomarker. The study of biomarkers is generally based on body fluid samples or adjacent tissue samples, with blood being the most commonly used, which can be divided into sources such as serum, plasma, peripheral blood monocytes, and plasma exosomes. Therefore, this article aims to review the research status of circRNA as a biomarker of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Du
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhongyao Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Shui
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Dong C, Hui P, Wu Z, Li J, Man X. CircRNA LOC729852 promotes bladder cancer progression by regulating macrophage polarization and recruitment via the miR-769-5p/IL-10 axis. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18225. [PMID: 38506082 PMCID: PMC10951884 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) function as tumour promoters or suppressors in bladder cancer (BLCA) by regulating genes involved in macrophage recruitment and polarization. However, the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the biological role of circLOC729852 in BLCA. CircLOC729852 was upregulated in BLCA tissues and correlated with increased proliferation, migration and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) of BCLA cells. MiR-769-5p was identified as a target for circLOC729852, which can upregulate IL-10 expression by directly binding to and suppressing miR-769-5p. Furthermore, our results indicated that the circLOC729852/miR-769-5p/IL-10 axis modulates autophagy signalling in BLCA cells and promotes the recruitment and M2 polarization of TAMs by activating the JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway. In addition, circLOC729852 also promoted the growth of BLCA xenografts and M2 macrophage infiltration in vivo. Thus, circLOC729852 functions as an oncogene in BLCA by inducing secretion of IL-10 by the M2 TAMs, which then facilitates tumour cell growth and migration. Taken together, circLOC729852 is a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for BLCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changming Dong
- Department of Urology, China Medical UniversityThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
- Department of UrologyThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningPR China
| | - Pengyu Hui
- Department of UrologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Zhengqi Wu
- Department of Urology, China Medical UniversityThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Department of Urology, China Medical UniversityThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Xiaojun Man
- Department of Urology, China Medical UniversityThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
- Department of UrologyThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningPR China
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4
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Wang X, Gong W, Li R, Li L, Wang J. Preparation of genetically or chemically engineered exosomes and their therapeutic effects in bone regeneration and anti-inflammation. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1329388. [PMID: 38314353 PMCID: PMC10834677 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1329388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The treatment of bone or cartilage damage and inflammation-related diseases has been a long-standing research hotspot. Traditional treatments such as surgery and cell therapy have only displayed limited efficacy because they can't avoid potential deterioration and ensure cell activity. Recently, exosomes have become a favorable tool for various tissue reconstruction due to their abundant content of proteins, lipids, DNA, RNA and other substances, which can promote bone regeneration through osteogenesis, angiogenesis and inflammation modulation. Besides, exosomes are also promising delivery systems because of stability in the bloodstream, immune stealth capacity, intrinsic cell-targeting property and outstanding intracellular communication. Despite having great potential in therapeutic delivery, exosomes still show some limitations in clinical studies, such as inefficient targeting ability, low yield and unsatisfactory therapeutic effects. In order to overcome the shortcomings, increasing studies have prepared genetically or chemically engineered exosomes to improve their properties. This review focuses on different methods of preparing genetically or chemically engineered exosomes and the therapeutic effects of engineering exosomes in bone regeneration and anti-inflammation, thereby providing some references for future applications of engineering exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Wang
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Weitao Gong
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Rongrong Li
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lin Li
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Lanzhou, China
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Baniasadi M, Talebi S, Mokhtari K, Zabolian AH, Khosroshahi EM, Entezari M, Dehkhoda F, Nabavi N, Hashemi M. Role of non-coding RNAs in osteoporosis. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 253:155036. [PMID: 38134836 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.155036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis, a prevalent bone disorder influenced by genetic and environmental elements, significantly increases the likelihood of fractures and bone weakness, greatly affecting the lives of those afflicted. Yet, the exact epigenetic processes behind the onset of osteoporosis are still unclear. Growing research indicates that epigenetic changes could act as vital mediators that connect genetic tendencies and environmental influences, thereby increasing the risk of osteoporosis and bone fractures. Within these epigenetic factors, certain types of RNA, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), have been recognized as key regulatory elements. These RNA types wield significant influence on gene expression through epigenetic regulation, directing various biological functions essential to bone metabolism. This extensive review compiles current research uncovering the complex ways in which miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs are involved in the development of osteoporosis, especially in osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Gaining a more profound understanding of the roles these three RNA classes play in osteoporosis could reveal new diagnostic methods and treatment approaches for this incapacitating condition. In conclusion, this review delves into the complex domain of epigenetic regulation via non-coding RNA in osteoporosis. It sheds light on the complex interactions and mechanisms involving miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs within osteoblasts and osteoclasts, offering an in-depth understanding of the less explored aspects of osteoporosis pathogenesis. These insights not only reveal the complexity of the disease but also offer significant potential for developing new diagnostic methods and targeted treatments. Therefore, this review marks a crucial step in deciphering the elusive complexities of osteoporosis, leading towards improved patient care and enhanced quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Baniasadi
- Department of Orthopedics, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sina Talebi
- Department of Orthopedics, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Khatere Mokhtari
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan,Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Zabolian
- Department of Orthopedics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Mohandesi Khosroshahi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Farshid Dehkhoda
- Department of Orthopedics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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6
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Yan B, Li Z, Su H, Xue H, Qiu D, Xu Z, Tan G. Regulatory mechanisms of autophagy-related ncRNAs in bone metabolic diseases. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1178310. [PMID: 38146458 PMCID: PMC10749346 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1178310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone metabolic diseases have been tormented and are plaguing people worldwide due to the lack of effective and thorough medical interventions and the poor understanding of their pathogenesis. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are heterogeneous transcripts that cannot encode the proteins but can affect the expressions of other genes. Autophagy is a fundamental mechanism for keeping cell viability, recycling cellular contents through the lysosomal pathway, and maintaining the homeostasis of the intracellular environment. There is growing evidence that ncRNAs, autophagy, and crosstalk between ncRNAs and autophagy play complex roles in progression of metabolic bone disease. This review investigated the complex mechanisms by which ncRNAs, mainly micro RNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), regulate autophagic pathway to assist in treating bone metabolism disorders. It aimed at identifying the autophagy role in bone metabolism disorders and understanding the role, potential, and challenges of crosstalk between ncRNAs and autophagy for bone metabolism disorders treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghan Yan
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhichao Li
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Hui Su
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Haipeng Xue
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Daodi Qiu
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhanwang Xu
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Guoqing Tan
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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7
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Mercier-Guery A, Millet M, Merle B, Collet C, Bagouet F, Borel O, Sornay-Rendu E, Szulc P, Vignot E, Gensburger D, Fontanges E, Croset M, Chapurlat R. Dysregulation of MicroRNAs in Adult Osteogenesis Imperfecta: The miROI Study. J Bone Miner Res 2023; 38:1665-1678. [PMID: 37715362 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
As epigenetic regulators of gene expression, circulating micro-RiboNucleic Acids (miRNAs) have been described in several bone diseases as potential prognostic markers. The aim of our study was to identify circulating miRNAs potentially associated with the severity of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) in three steps. We have screened by RNA sequencing for the miRNAs that were differentially expressed in sera of a small group of OI patients versus controls and then conducted a validation phase by RT-qPCR analysis of sera of a larger patient population. In the first phase of miROI, we found 79 miRNAs that were significantly differentially expressed. We therefore selected 19 of them as the most relevant. In the second phase, we were able to validate the significant overexpression of 8 miRNAs in the larger OI group. Finally, we looked for a relationship between the level of variation of the validated miRNAs and the clinical characteristics of OI. We found a significant difference in the expression of two microRNAs in those patients with dentinogenesis imperfecta. After reviewing the literature, we found 6 of the 8 miRNAs already known to have a direct action on bone homeostasis. Furthermore, the use of a miRNA-gene interaction prediction model revealed a 100% probability of interaction between 2 of the 8 confirmed miRNAs and COL1A1 and/or COL1A2. This is the first study to establish the miRNA signature in OI, showing a significant modification of miRNA expression potentially involved in the regulation of genes involved in the physiopathology of OI. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Mercier-Guery
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital E. Herriot, Service de Rhumatologie et Pathologie Osseuse, Lyon, France
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, INSERM UMR 1033; LYOS Pathophysiology, Diagnosis & Treatments of Musculoskeletal Disorders, Lyon, France
| | - Marjorie Millet
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, INSERM UMR 1033; LYOS Pathophysiology, Diagnosis & Treatments of Musculoskeletal Disorders, Lyon, France
| | - Blandine Merle
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, INSERM UMR 1033; LYOS Pathophysiology, Diagnosis & Treatments of Musculoskeletal Disorders, Lyon, France
| | - Corinne Collet
- CHU Robert Debré, Université de Paris Cité, Département de Génétique, CHU Lariboisière, Paris, France
- INSERM UMR1132, CHU Lariboisière, Paris, France
| | - Flora Bagouet
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital E. Herriot, Service de Rhumatologie et Pathologie Osseuse, Lyon, France
| | - Olivier Borel
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, INSERM UMR 1033; LYOS Pathophysiology, Diagnosis & Treatments of Musculoskeletal Disorders, Lyon, France
| | - Elisabeth Sornay-Rendu
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, INSERM UMR 1033; LYOS Pathophysiology, Diagnosis & Treatments of Musculoskeletal Disorders, Lyon, France
| | - Pawel Szulc
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, INSERM UMR 1033; LYOS Pathophysiology, Diagnosis & Treatments of Musculoskeletal Disorders, Lyon, France
| | - Emmanuelle Vignot
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital E. Herriot, Service de Rhumatologie et Pathologie Osseuse, Lyon, France
| | - Deborah Gensburger
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital E. Herriot, Service de Rhumatologie et Pathologie Osseuse, Lyon, France
| | - Elisabeth Fontanges
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital E. Herriot, Service de Rhumatologie et Pathologie Osseuse, Lyon, France
| | - Martine Croset
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, INSERM UMR 1033; LYOS Pathophysiology, Diagnosis & Treatments of Musculoskeletal Disorders, Lyon, France
| | - Roland Chapurlat
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital E. Herriot, Service de Rhumatologie et Pathologie Osseuse, Lyon, France
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, INSERM UMR 1033; LYOS Pathophysiology, Diagnosis & Treatments of Musculoskeletal Disorders, Lyon, France
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Du Y, Zhong H, Yu C, Lv Y, Yao Y, Peng Z, Lu S. Mir-142-5p inhibits the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by targeting Lhx8. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19878. [PMID: 37809754 PMCID: PMC10559276 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP), a common systemic bone metabolism disease with a high incidence rate, is a serious health risk factor. Osteogenic differentiation balance is regulated by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and plays a key role in OP occurrence and progression. Although, LIM homeobox 8 (Lhx8) has been identified to affect BMSCs osteogenic differentiation, its roles in OP and the associated mechanism remains unclear. Here, we aimed to elucidate the role and mechanism of Lhx8 in the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. BMSCs isolated from wild type and OP Sprague-Dawley rats were cultured and confirmed via flow cytometry and microscopy. Based on dual-luciferase reporter assay, BMSCs were transfected with miR-142-5p mimics and miR-NC (negative control). Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analyses were performed to determine the role of Lhx8 in BMSCs osteogenic differentiation. Lhx8 expression was significantly reduced in OP, whereas that of miR-142-5p, a possible Lhx8 regulator, was significantly upregulated. Dual-luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that miR-142-5p exerted a direct targeted regulatory effect on Lhx8. Moreover, miR-142-5p mimics significantly inhibited BMSCs osteogenic differentiation as well as Lhx8 expression in vitro, indicating that miR-142-5p may be involved in BMSCs osteogenic differentiation via Lhx8 expression regulation and may serve as a potential diagnostic target for OP. Overall, these findings indicated that miR-142-5p inhibits BMSCs osteogenic differentiation by suppressing Lhx8. These may serve as a foundation for further studies on OP treatment based on miR-142-5p targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Du
- Orthopaedics Department, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Digital Orthopaedics of Yunnan Provincial, Yunnan Provincial Center for Clinical Medicine in Spinal and Spinal Cord Disorders, Kunming, 650034, China
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Hui Zhong
- Orthopaedics Department, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Digital Orthopaedics of Yunnan Provincial, Yunnan Provincial Center for Clinical Medicine in Spinal and Spinal Cord Disorders, Kunming, 650034, China
| | - Chen Yu
- Orthopaedics Department, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Digital Orthopaedics of Yunnan Provincial, Yunnan Provincial Center for Clinical Medicine in Spinal and Spinal Cord Disorders, Kunming, 650034, China
| | - Yan Lv
- Orthopaedics Department, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Digital Orthopaedics of Yunnan Provincial, Yunnan Provincial Center for Clinical Medicine in Spinal and Spinal Cord Disorders, Kunming, 650034, China
- Faculty of Life science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yueyi Yao
- Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, 1168 Chunrongxi Road, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Zhi Peng
- Orthopaedics Department, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Digital Orthopaedics of Yunnan Provincial, Yunnan Provincial Center for Clinical Medicine in Spinal and Spinal Cord Disorders, Kunming, 650034, China
| | - Sheng Lu
- Orthopaedics Department, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Digital Orthopaedics of Yunnan Provincial, Yunnan Provincial Center for Clinical Medicine in Spinal and Spinal Cord Disorders, Kunming, 650034, China
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Philippe S, Delay M, Macian N, Morel V, Pickering ME. Common miRNAs of Osteoporosis and Fibromyalgia: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13513. [PMID: 37686318 PMCID: PMC10488272 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A significant clinical association between osteoporosis (OP) and fibromyalgia (FM) has been shown in the literature. Given the need for specific biomarkers to improve OP and FM management, common miRNAs might provide promising tracks for future prevention and treatment. The aim of this review is to identify miRNAs described in OP and FM, and dysregulated in the same direction in both pathologies. The PubMed database was searched until June 2023, with a clear mention of OP, FM, and miRNA expression. Clinical trials, case-control, and cross-sectional studies were included. Gray literature was not searched. Out of the 184 miRNAs found in our research, 23 are shared by OP and FM: 7 common miRNAs are dysregulated in the same direction for both pathologies (3 up-, 4 downregulated). The majority of these common miRNAs are involved in the Wnt pathway and the cholinergic system and a possible link has been highlighted. Further studies are needed to explore this relationship. Moreover, the harmonization of technical methods is necessary to confirm miRNAs shared between OP and FM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soline Philippe
- Platform of Clinical Investigation Department, Inserm CIC 1405, University Hospital Clermont-Ferrand, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (S.P.); (M.D.); (N.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Marine Delay
- Platform of Clinical Investigation Department, Inserm CIC 1405, University Hospital Clermont-Ferrand, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (S.P.); (M.D.); (N.M.); (V.M.)
- Inserm 1107, Neuro-Dol, University Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Nicolas Macian
- Platform of Clinical Investigation Department, Inserm CIC 1405, University Hospital Clermont-Ferrand, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (S.P.); (M.D.); (N.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Véronique Morel
- Platform of Clinical Investigation Department, Inserm CIC 1405, University Hospital Clermont-Ferrand, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (S.P.); (M.D.); (N.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Marie-Eva Pickering
- Rheumatology Department, University Hospital Clermont-Ferrand, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Hu X, Yang L, Du Y, Meng X, Shi Y, Zeng J. Astragalus polysaccharide promotes osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells by facilitating ANKFY1 expression through miR-760 inhibition. Bone Joint Res 2023; 12:476-485. [PMID: 37532241 PMCID: PMC10396440 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.128.bjr-2022-0248.r2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) participates in various processes, such as the enhancement of immunity and inhibition of tumours. APS can affect osteoporosis (OP) by regulating the osteogenic differentiation of human bone mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs). This study was designed to elucidate the mechanism of APS in hBMSC proliferation and osteoblast differentiation. Methods Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting were performed to determine the expression of microRNA (miR)-760 and ankyrin repeat and FYVE domain containing 1 (ANKFY1) in OP tissues and hBMSCs. Cell viability was measured using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. The expression of cyclin D1 and osteogenic marker genes (osteocalcin (OCN), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2)) was evaluated using quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Mineral deposits were detected through Alizarin Red S staining. In addition, Western blotting was performed to detect the ANKFY1 protein levels following the regulation of miR-760. The relationship between miR-760 and ANKFY1 was determined using a luciferase reporter assay. Results The expression of miR-760 was upregulated in OP tissues, whereas ANKFY1 expression was downregulated. APS stimulated the differentiation and proliferation of hBMSCs by: increasing their viability; upregulating the expression levels of cyclin D1, ALP, OCN, and RUNX2; and inducing osteoblast mineralization. Moreover, APS downregulated the expression of miR-760. Overexpression of miR-760 was found to inhibit the promotive effect of APS on hBMSC differentiation and proliferation, while knockdown of miR-760 had the opposite effect. ANKFY1 was found to be the direct target of miR-760. Additionally, ANKFY1 participated in the APS-mediated regulation of miR-760 function in hBMSCs. Conclusion APS promotes the osteogenic differentiation and proliferation of hBMSCs. Moreover, APS alleviates the effects of OP by downregulating miR-760 and upregulating ANKFY1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianfeng Hu
- Department of General Practice, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of General Practice, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanhua Du
- Department of General Practice, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangping Meng
- Department of General Practice, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Shi
- Department of General Practice, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Juan Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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11
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Yu YF, Yao PQ, Wang ZK, Xie WW. MiR-137 promotes TLR4/NF-κB pathway activity through targeting KDM4A, inhibits osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and aggravates osteoporosis. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:444. [PMID: 37344864 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-03918-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE As the global population ages rapidly, osteoporotic fractures have become an important public health problem. Previous studies have suggested that miR-137 is involved in the regulation of bone formation, but its specific regulatory mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to explore the expression, role, and regulatory mechanism of miR-137 in the osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs). METHODS hBMSCs were induced into osteoblasts at first, and the expression level of miR-137 at different time points was detected. After knockdown and overexpression of miR-137, the effect of miR-137 on the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs was examined through alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and Alizarin Red staining. Western blotting was performed to detect the expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), osteocalcin (OCN), and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway. Bioinformatics websites were used to predict the target binding sites for miR-137 and KDM4A, and the results were validated using luciferase reporter gene experiments. Moreover, the ALP activity, calcium nodule formation, and activation of Runx2, OCN, and TLR4/NF-κB pathways were observed after knockdown of KDM4A. RESULTS The expression of miR-137 decreased during osteogenic differentiation. Knockdown of miR-137 expression increased the osteogenic ability of hBMSCs, while overexpression of it weakened the ability. Through the activation of the TLR4/NF-κB pathway, miR-137 inhibited osteogenic differentiation. KDM4A was identified as a predicted target gene of miR-137. After knocking down KDM4A expression, the osteogenic ability of hBMSCs was diminished, and the TLR4/NF-κB pathway was activated. Furthermore, the osteogenic ability of hBMSCs was partially restored and the activation level of TLR4/NF-κB was reduced after miR-137 knockdown. CONCLUSION MiR-137 enhances the activity of the TLR4/NF-κB pathway by targeting KDM4A, thereby inhibiting the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs and exacerbating osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Feng Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Songshan Lake Central Hospital of Dongguan City, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Pei-Quan Yao
- Department of Orthopedics, Songshan Lake Central Hospital of Dongguan City, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi-Kun Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Songshan Lake Central Hospital of Dongguan City, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen-Wei Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Songshan Lake Central Hospital of Dongguan City, Dongguan, Guangdong, China.
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12
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Doghish AS, Elballal MS, Elazazy O, Elesawy AE, Shahin RK, Midan HM, Sallam AAM, Elbadry AM, Mohamed AK, Ishak NW, Hassan KA, Ayoub AM, Shalaby RE, Elrebehy MA. miRNAs as potential game-changers in bone diseases: Future medicinal and clinical uses. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 245:154440. [PMID: 37031531 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), short, highly conserved non-coding RNA, influence gene expression by sequential mechanisms such as mRNA breakdown or translational repression. Many biological processes depend on these regulating substances, thus changes in their expression have an impact on the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and result in the emergence of a variety of diseases. Relevant studies have shown in recent years that miRNAs are involved in many stages of bone development and growth. Additionally, abnormal production of miRNA in bone tissues has been closely associated with the development of numerous bone disorders, such as osteonecrosis, bone cancer, and bone metastases. Many pathological processes, including bone loss, metastasis, the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells, and differentiation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, are under the control of miRNAs. By bringing together the most up-to-date information on the clinical relevance of miRNAs in such diseases, this study hopes to further the study of the biological features of miRNAs in bone disorders and explore their potential as a therapeutic target.
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13
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Matai L, Slack FJ. MicroRNAs in Age-Related Proteostasis and Stress Responses. Noncoding RNA 2023; 9:26. [PMID: 37104008 PMCID: PMC10143298 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna9020026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with the accumulation of damaged and misfolded proteins through a decline in the protein homeostasis (proteostasis) machinery, leading to various age-associated protein misfolding diseases such as Huntington's or Parkinson's. The efficiency of cellular stress response pathways also weakens with age, further contributing to the failure to maintain proteostasis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are a class of small, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that bind target messenger RNAs at their 3'UTR, resulting in the post-transcriptional repression of gene expression. From the discovery of aging roles for lin-4 in C. elegans, the role of numerous miRNAs in controlling the aging process has been uncovered in different organisms. Recent studies have also shown that miRNAs regulate different components of proteostasis machinery as well as cellular response pathways to proteotoxic stress, some of which are very important during aging or in age-related pathologies. Here, we present a review of these findings, highlighting the role of individual miRNAs in age-associated protein folding and degradation across different organisms. We also broadly summarize the relationships between miRNAs and organelle-specific stress response pathways during aging and in various age-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frank J. Slack
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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14
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Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Osteoporosis: Molecular Mechanisms Involved and the Relationship with microRNAs. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043772. [PMID: 36835184 PMCID: PMC9963528 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is characterized by the alteration of bone homeostasis due to an imbalance between osteoclastic bone resorption and osteoblastic bone formation. Estrogen deficiency causes bone loss and postmenopausal osteoporosis, the pathogenesis of which also involves oxidative stress, inflammatory processes, and the dysregulation of the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) that control gene expression at post-transcriptional levels. Oxidative stress, due to an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), proinflammatory mediators and altered levels of miRNAs enhance osteoclastogenesis and reduce osteoblastogenesis through mechanisms involving the activation of MAPK and transcription factors. The present review summarizes the principal molecular mechanisms involved in the role of ROS and proinflammatory cytokines on osteoporosis. Moreover, it highlights the interplay among altered miRNA levels, oxidative stress, and an inflammatory state. In fact, ROS, by activating the transcriptional factors, can affect miRNA expression, and miRNAs can regulate ROS production and inflammatory processes. Therefore, the present review should help in identifying targets for the development of new therapeutic approaches to osteoporotic treatment and improve the quality of life of patients.
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15
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Xu L, Duan J, Li M, Zhou C, Wang Q. Circ_0000253 promotes the progression of osteosarcoma via the miR-1236-3p/SP1 axis. J Pharm Pharmacol 2023; 75:227-235. [PMID: 36444162 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgac081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play important roles in modulating tumour progression. This study investigated the role of circ_0000253 in osteosarcoma (OS). METHODS We downloaded the chip dataset GSE140256 from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and the circRNAs differentially expressed in OS tissue and normal tissue samples were analysed. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was carried out to examine circ_0000253 expression in OS tissues and cells. Cell counting kit-8, BrdU and flow cytometry assays were performed to verify the effects of circ_0000253 on OS cell growth and apoptosis. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted to predict, and RNA immunoprecipitation assay and dual-luciferase reporter gene assay were performed to verify the targeted relationships of miR-1236-3p with circ_0000253 and Sp1 transcription factor (SP1) mRNA 3'UTR. The effects of miR-1236-3p and circ_0000253 on SP1 expression in OS cells were detected through Western blot. KEY FINDINGS Circ_0000253 was upregulated in OS tissues and cell lines. Circ_0000253 overexpression facilitated OS cell growth and suppressed apoptosis, whereas knocking down circ_0000253 inhibited OS cell growth and facilitated apoptosis. Circ_0000253 targeted miR-1236-3p directly and negatively modulated its expression. SP1 was miR-1236-3p's target gene and positively regulated by circ_0000253. CONCLUSION Circ_0000253 promotes OS cell proliferation and suppresses cell apoptosis via regulating the miR-1236-3p/SP1 molecular axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Huangshi Central Hospital, Edong Medical Group, Huangshi, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Pathogenesis and Intervention, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Duan
- Department of Orthopedics, Huangshi Central Hospital, Edong Medical Group, Huangshi, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Pathogenesis and Intervention, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Mingwu Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Huangshi Central Hospital, Edong Medical Group, Huangshi, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Pathogenesis and Intervention, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Cong Zhou
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Huangshi Central Hospital, Edong Medical Group, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Qinzhi Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huangshi Central Hospital, Edong Medical Group, Huangshi, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Pathogenesis and Intervention, Huangshi, Hubei, China
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16
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Ageing at Molecular Level: Role of MicroRNAs. Subcell Biochem 2023; 102:195-248. [PMID: 36600135 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-21410-3_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The progression of age triggers a vast number of diseases including cardiovascular, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders. Regardless of our plentiful knowledge about age-related diseases, little is understood about molecular pathways that associate the ageing process with various diseases. Several cellular events like senescence, telomere dysfunction, alterations in protein processing, and regulation of gene expression are common between ageing and associated diseases. Accumulating information on the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) suggests targeting miRNAs can aid our understanding of the interplay between ageing and associated diseases. In the present chapter, we have attempted to explore the information available on the role of miRNAs in ageing of various tissues/organs and diseases and understand the molecular mechanism of ageing.
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17
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Bone-Metabolism-Related Serum microRNAs to Diagnose Osteoporosis in Middle-Aged and Elderly Women. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12112872. [PMID: 36428932 PMCID: PMC9689310 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12112872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP), a chronic systemic metabolic disease prevalent in middle-aged and elderly women, heavily relies on bone mineral density (BMD) measurement as the diagnostic indicator. In this study, we investigated serum microRNAs (miRNAs) as a possible screening tool for PMOP. Methods: This investigation recruited 83 eligible participants from 795 community-dwelling postmenopausal women between June 2020 and August 2021. The miRNA expression profiles in the serum of PMOP patients were evaluated via miRNA microarray (six PMOP patients and four postmenopausal women without osteoporosis (n-PMOP) as controls). Subsequently, results were verified in independent sample sets (47 PMOP patients and 26 n-PMOP controls) using quantitative real-time PCR. In addition, the target genes and main functions of the differentially expressed miRNAs were explored by bioinformatics analysis. Results: Four highly expressed miRNAs in the serum of patients (hsa-miR-144-5p, hsa-miR-506-3p, hsa-miR-8068, and hsa-miR-6851-3p) showed acceptable disease-independent discrimination performance (area under the curve range: 0.747-0.902) in the training set and verification set, outperforming traditional bone turnover markers. Among four key miRNAs, hsa-miR-144-5p is the only one that can simultaneously predict changes in BMD in lumbar spine 1-4, total hip, and femoral neck (β = -0.265, p = 0.022; β = -0.301, p = 0.005; and β = -0.324, p = 0.003, respectively). Bioinformatics analysis suggested that the differentially expressed miRNAs were targeted mainly to YY1, VIM, and YWHAE genes, which are extensively involved in bone metabolism processes. Conclusions: Bone-metabolism-related serum miRNAs, such as hsa-miR-144-5p, hsa-miR-506-3p, hsa-miR-8068, and hsa-miR-6851-3p, can be used as novel biomarkers for PMOP diagnosis independent of radiological findings and traditional bone turnover markers. Further study of these miRNAs and their target genes may provide new insights into the epigenetic regulatory mechanisms of the onset and progression of the disease.
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18
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Zeng L, He H, Sun M, Gong X, Zhou M, Hong Y, Wu Y, Chen X, Chen Q. Runx2 and Nell-1 in dental follicle progenitor cells regulate bone remodeling and tooth eruption. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:486. [PMID: 36175952 PMCID: PMC9524038 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03140-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental follicles are necessary for tooth eruption, surround the enamel organ and dental papilla, and regulate both the formation and resorption of alveolar bone. Dental follicle progenitor cells (DFPCs), which are stem cells found in dental follicles, differentiate into different kinds of cells that are necessary for tooth formation and eruption. Runt‐related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) is a transcription factor that is essential for osteoblasts and osteoclasts differentiation, as well as bone remodeling. Mutation of Runx2 causing cleidocranial dysplasia negatively affects osteogenesis and the osteoclastic ability of dental follicles, resulting in tooth eruption difficulties. Among a variety of cells and molecules, Nel-like molecule type 1 (Nell-1) plays an important role in neural crest-derived tissues and is strongly expressed in dental follicles. Nell-1 was originally identified in pathologically fused and fusing sutures of patients with unilateral coronal synostosis, and it plays indispensable roles in bone remodeling, including roles in osteoblast differentiation, bone formation and regeneration, craniofacial skeleton development, and the differentiation of many kinds of stem cells. Runx2 was proven to directly target the Nell-1 gene and regulate its expression. These studies suggested that Runx2/Nell-1 axis may play an important role in the process of tooth eruption by affecting DFPCs. Studies on short and long regulatory noncoding RNAs have revealed the complexity of RNA-mediated regulation of gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. This ceRNA network participates in the regulation of Runx2 and Nell-1 gene expression in a complex way. However, non-study indicated the potential connection between Runx2 and Nell-1, and further researches are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zeng
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hong He
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China. .,Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
| | - Mingjie Sun
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinyi Gong
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengqi Zhou
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yaya Hong
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongjia Wu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuepeng Chen
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China. .,Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
| | - Qianming Chen
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China. .,Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
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Wang D, Cao H, Hua W, Gao L, Yuan Y, Zhou X, Zeng Z. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Bone Defect Repair. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12070716. [PMID: 35877919 PMCID: PMC9315966 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12070716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The repair of critical bone defects is a hotspot of orthopedic research. With the development of bone tissue engineering (BTE), there is increasing evidence showing that the combined application of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) (MSC-EVs), especially exosomes, with hydrogels, scaffolds, and other bioactive materials has made great progress, exhibiting a good potential for bone regeneration. Recent studies have found that miRNAs, proteins, and other cargo loaded in EVs are key factors in promoting osteogenesis and angiogenesis. In BTE, the expression profile of the intrinsic cargo of EVs can be changed by modifying the gene expression of MSCs to obtain EVs with enhanced osteogenic activity and ultimately enhance the osteoinductive ability of bone graft materials. However, the current research on MSC-EVs for repairing bone defects is still in its infancy, and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Therefore, in this review, the effect of bioactive materials such as hydrogels and scaffolds combined with MSC-EVs in repairing bone defects is summarized, and the mechanism of MSC-EVs promoting bone defect repair by delivering active molecules such as internal miRNAs is further elucidated, which provides a theoretical basis and reference for the clinical application of MSC-EVs in repairing bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxue Wang
- School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (D.W.); (W.H.); (L.G.)
| | - Hong Cao
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; (H.C.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Weizhong Hua
- School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (D.W.); (W.H.); (L.G.)
| | - Lu Gao
- School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (D.W.); (W.H.); (L.G.)
| | - Yu Yuan
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; (H.C.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Xuchang Zhou
- School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (D.W.); (W.H.); (L.G.)
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; (H.C.); (Y.Y.)
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zhipeng Zeng
- School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (D.W.); (W.H.); (L.G.)
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (Z.Z.)
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20
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Ji L, Li X, He S, Chen S. Regulation of osteoclast-mediated bone resorption by microRNA. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:287. [PMID: 35536437 PMCID: PMC11071904 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04298-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Osteoclast-mediated bone resorption is responsible for bone metabolic diseases, negatively impacting people's health and life. It has been demonstrated that microRNA influences the differentiation of osteoclasts by regulating the signaling pathways during osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. So far, the involved mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. This review introduced the pathways involved in osteoclastogenesis and summarized the related microRNAs binding to their specific targets to mediate the downstream pathways in osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. We also discuss the clinical potential of targeting microRNAs to treat osteoclast-mediated bone resorption as well as the challenges of avoiding potential side effects and producing efficient delivery methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shushu He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Song Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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MicroRNA-1270 Inhibits Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion via Targeting IRF8 in Osteoblast-like Cell Lines. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:1182-1190. [PMID: 35723300 PMCID: PMC8947117 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44030077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is the most common bone disease affecting elderly individuals. The diagnosis of this pathology is most commonly made on the basis of bone fractures. Several microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) have been identified as possible biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of OP. miRNAs can regulate gene expression, and determining their functions can provide potential pharmacological targets for treating OP. A previous study showed that miR-1270 was upregulated in monocytes derived from postmenopausal women with OP. Therefore, the present study aimed to uncover the role of miR-1270 in regulating bone metabolism. To reveal the mechanism underlying the regulatory effect of miR-1270 on interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) expression, luciferase assay, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, and Western blot analysis were performed. The results suggest that miR-1270 could regulate the mRNA and protein expression levels of IRF8 by directly binding to its 3′-untranslated region. The effects of miR-1270 overexpression and IRF8 silencing on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were also evaluated. To the best of our knowledge, the current study was the first to support the crucial role of miR-1270 in bone metabolism via modulation of IRF8 expression. In addition, miR-1270 overexpression could attenuate human osteoblast-like cells’ proliferation and migration ability.
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22
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Dissociation of Bone Resorption and Formation in Spaceflight and Simulated Microgravity: Potential Role of Myokines and Osteokines? Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020342. [PMID: 35203551 PMCID: PMC8961781 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The dissociation of bone formation and resorption is an important physiological process during spaceflight. It also occurs during local skeletal unloading or immobilization, such as in people with neuromuscular disorders or those who are on bed rest. Under these conditions, the physiological systems of the human body are perturbed down to the cellular level. Through the absence of mechanical stimuli, the musculoskeletal system and, predominantly, the postural skeletal muscles are largely affected. Despite in-flight exercise countermeasures, muscle wasting and bone loss occur, which are associated with spaceflight duration. Nevertheless, countermeasures can be effective, especially by preventing muscle wasting to rescue both postural and dynamic as well as muscle performance. Thus far, it is largely unknown how changes in bone microarchitecture evolve over the long term in the absence of a gravity vector and whether bone loss incurred in space or following the return to the Earth fully recovers or partly persists. In this review, we highlight the different mechanisms and factors that regulate the humoral crosstalk between the muscle and the bone. Further we focus on the interplay between currently known myokines and osteokines and their mutual regulation.
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Oton-Gonzalez L, Mazziotta C, Iaquinta MR, Mazzoni E, Nocini R, Trevisiol L, D’Agostino A, Tognon M, Rotondo JC, Martini F. Genetics and Epigenetics of Bone Remodeling and Metabolic Bone Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031500. [PMID: 35163424 PMCID: PMC8836080 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone metabolism consists of a balance between bone formation and bone resorption, which is mediated by osteoblast and osteoclast activity, respectively. In order to ensure bone plasticity, the bone remodeling process needs to function properly. Mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into the osteoblast lineage by activating different signaling pathways, including transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)/bone morphogenic protein (BMP) and the Wingless/Int-1 (Wnt)/β-catenin pathways. Recent data indicate that bone remodeling processes are also epigenetically regulated by DNA methylation, histone post-translational modifications, and non-coding RNA expressions, such as micro-RNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs. Mutations and dysfunctions in pathways regulating the osteoblast differentiation might influence the bone remodeling process, ultimately leading to a large variety of metabolic bone diseases. In this review, we aim to summarize and describe the genetics and epigenetics of the bone remodeling process. Moreover, the current findings behind the genetics of metabolic bone diseases are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Oton-Gonzalez
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 64/b, Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (L.O.-G.); (C.M.); (M.R.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Chiara Mazziotta
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 64/b, Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (L.O.-G.); (C.M.); (M.R.I.); (M.T.)
- Center for Studies on Gender Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Iaquinta
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 64/b, Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (L.O.-G.); (C.M.); (M.R.I.); (M.T.)
- Center for Studies on Gender Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elisa Mazzoni
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Riccardo Nocini
- Unit of Otolaryngology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy;
| | - Lorenzo Trevisiol
- Unit of Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Dentistry, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (L.T.); (A.D.)
| | - Antonio D’Agostino
- Unit of Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Dentistry, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (L.T.); (A.D.)
| | - Mauro Tognon
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 64/b, Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (L.O.-G.); (C.M.); (M.R.I.); (M.T.)
| | - John Charles Rotondo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 64/b, Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (L.O.-G.); (C.M.); (M.R.I.); (M.T.)
- Center for Studies on Gender Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Correspondence: (J.C.R.); (F.M.); Tel.: +39-0532-455536 (J.C.R.); +39-0532-455540 (F.M.)
| | - Fernanda Martini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 64/b, Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (L.O.-G.); (C.M.); (M.R.I.); (M.T.)
- Center for Studies on Gender Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Correspondence: (J.C.R.); (F.M.); Tel.: +39-0532-455536 (J.C.R.); +39-0532-455540 (F.M.)
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24
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Jiang Y, Guan Y, Lan Y, Chen S, Li T, Zou S, Hu Z, Ye Q. Mechanosensitive Piezo1 in Periodontal Ligament Cells Promotes Alveolar Bone Remodeling During Orthodontic Tooth Movement. Front Physiol 2021; 12:767136. [PMID: 34880779 PMCID: PMC8645976 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.767136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is a process depending on the remodeling of periodontal tissues surrounding the roots. Orthodontic forces trigger the conversion of mechanical stimuli into intercellular chemical signals within periodontal ligament (PDL) cells, activating alveolar bone remodeling, and thereby, initiating OTM. Recently, the mechanosensitive ion channel Piezo1 has been found to play pivotal roles in the different types of human cells by transforming external physical stimuli into intercellular chemical signals. However, the function of Piezo1 during the mechanotransduction process of PDL cells has rarely been reported. Herein, we established a rat OTM model to study the potential role of Piezo1 during the mechanotransduction process of PDL cells and investigate its effects on the tension side of alveolar bone remodeling. A total of 60 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into three groups: the OTM + inhibitor (INH) group, the OTM group, and the control (CON) group. Nickel-titanium orthodontic springs were applied to trigger tooth movement. Mice were sacrificed on days 0, 3, 7, and 14 after orthodontic movement for the radiographic, histological, immunohistochemical, and molecular biological analyses. Our results revealed that the Piezo1 channel was activated by orthodontic force and mainly expressed in the PDL cells during the whole tooth movement period. The activation of the Piezo1 channel was essential for maintaining the rate of orthodontic tooth movement and facilitation of new alveolar bone formation on the tension side. Reduced osteogenesis-associated transcription factors such as Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), Osterix (OSX), and receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) ratio were examined when the function of Piezo1 was inhibited. In summary, Piezo1 plays a critical role in mediating both the osteogenesis and osteoclastic activities on the tension side during OTM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuzhe Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanchen Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tiancheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shujuan Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiai Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingsong Ye
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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25
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Huang W, Wu Y, Qiao M, Xie Z, Cen X, Huang X, Zhao Z. CircRNA-miRNA networks in regulating bone disease. J Cell Physiol 2021; 237:1225-1244. [PMID: 34796958 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) is a class of endogenous noncoding RNA (ncRNA), presenting as a special covalent closed loop without a 5' cap or 3' tail, maintaining resistance to RNA exonuclease and keeping high stability. Although lowly expressed in most situations, circRNA makes an active difference in regulating physiological or pathological processes by modulating gene expression by regulation of transcription, protein, and miRNA functions through various mechanisms in particular tissues. Recent studies have demonstrated the roles of the miRNA-circRNA network in the development of several bone diseases such as osteoporosis, a multiple-mechanism disease resulting from defective bone quality and low bone mass, osteoarthritis, whose main pathomechanism is inflammation and articular cartilage degradation, as well as osteosarcoma, known as one of the most common bone cancers. However, the specific mechanism of how circRNA along with miRNA influences those diseases is not well documented, showing potential for the development of new therapies for those bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongyao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - MingXin Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuojun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Cen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihe Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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26
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Sibilia V, Bottai D, Maggi R, Pagani F, Chiaramonte R, Giannandrea D, Citro V, Platonova N, Casati L. Sex Steroid Regulation of Oxidative Stress in Bone Cells: An In Vitro Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182212168. [PMID: 34831936 PMCID: PMC8621144 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182212168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Environmental stimuli, including sex hormones and oxidative stress (OS), affect bone balance, modifying the epigenetic profiles of key osteogenic genes. Nonetheless, the interplay between sex steroids, epigenome and OS has yet be fully elucidated. This paper aims to study in vitro the role of sex steroids in OS-induced alteration in bone cells’ homeostasis, and to assess the possible contribution of epigenetic modifications. Toward this purpose, osteoblast (MC3T3-E1) and osteocyte (MLOY-4) cell lines were exposed to two different sources of free oxygen radicals, i.e., tert-butyl hydroperoxide and dexamethasone, and the protective effect of pre-treatment with androgens and estrogens was evaluated. In particular, we analyzed parameters that reflect bone cell homeostasis such as cell viability, cell migration, transcriptomic profile, transcriptional activity, and epigenetic signature. Our findings indicate that estrogens and androgens counteract OS effects. Using partially overlapping strategies, they reduce OS outcomes regarding cell viability, cell migration, the transcriptomic profile of gene families involved in bone remodeling, and epigenetic profile, i.e., H3K4me3 level. Additionally, we demonstrated that the protective effect of steroids against OS on bone homeostasis is partially mediated by the Akt pathway. Overall, these results suggest that the hormonal milieu may influence the mechanisms of age-related bone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Sibilia
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20129 Milano, Italy; (V.S.); (F.P.)
| | - Daniele Bottai
- Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milano, Italy; (D.B.); (R.C.); (D.G.); (V.C.); (N.P.)
| | - Roberto Maggi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Francesca Pagani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20129 Milano, Italy; (V.S.); (F.P.)
| | - Raffaella Chiaramonte
- Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milano, Italy; (D.B.); (R.C.); (D.G.); (V.C.); (N.P.)
| | - Domenica Giannandrea
- Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milano, Italy; (D.B.); (R.C.); (D.G.); (V.C.); (N.P.)
| | - Valentina Citro
- Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milano, Italy; (D.B.); (R.C.); (D.G.); (V.C.); (N.P.)
| | - Natalia Platonova
- Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milano, Italy; (D.B.); (R.C.); (D.G.); (V.C.); (N.P.)
| | - Lavinia Casati
- Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milano, Italy; (D.B.); (R.C.); (D.G.); (V.C.); (N.P.)
- Correspondence:
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27
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Li Z, Xue H, Tan G, Xu Z. Effects of miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs on osteoporosis as regulatory factors of bone homeostasis (Review). Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:788. [PMID: 34505632 PMCID: PMC8441966 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common metabolic bone disorder typically characterized by decreased bone mass and an increased risk of fracture. At present, the detailed molecular mechanism underlying the development of osteoporosis remains to be elucidated. Accumulating evidence shows that non-coding (nc)RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), play significant roles in osteoporosis through the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression as regulatory factors. Previous studies have demonstrated that ncRNAs participate in maintaining bone homeostasis by regulating physiological and developmental processes in osteoblasts, osteoclasts and bone marrow stromal cells. In the present review, the latest research investigating the involvement of miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs in regulating the differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis and autophagy of cells that maintain the bone microenvironment in osteoporosis is summarized. Deeper insight into the aspects of osteoporosis pathogenesis involving the deregulation of ncRNAs could facilitate the development of therapeutic approaches for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Li
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250011, P.R. China
| | - Haipeng Xue
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250011, P.R. China
| | - Guoqing Tan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250011, P.R. China
| | - Zhanwang Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250011, P.R. China
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28
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Rossi M, Rana I, Buonuomo PS, Battafarano G, Mariani E, D'Agostini M, Porzio O, De Martino V, Minisola S, Macchiaiolo M, De Vito R, Vecchio D, Gonfiantini MV, Jenkner A, Bartuli A, Del Fattore A. Dysregulated miRNAs in bone cells of patients with Gorham-Stout disease. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21424. [PMID: 33609323 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001904rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Gorham-Stout disease (GSD) is a very rare disease characterized by increased bone erosion with angiomatous proliferation. The mechanisms underlying this disorder have not been deeply investigated. Due to its rarity, no guidelines are currently available for treatment and management of GSD. We recently evaluated the cellular alterations of the bone remodeling in patients showing that osteoclast precursors displayed increased ability to differentiate into osteoclasts and that affected osteoclasts resorb bone more actively than control cells. Moreover, osteoblasts isolated from a patient showed a defective ability to form mineralized nodules. In this paper, we investigated the molecular pathways involved in the cellular defects of GSD bone cells. For this study, we recruited nine patients and performed miRNome analysis of bone cells. Between the 178 miRNAs robustly expressed in GSD osteoclasts, significant modulation of three miRNAs (miR-1246, miR-1-3p, and miR-137-3p) involved in the regulation of osteoclast formation and activity or in the angiomatous proliferation was found in patients' cells. Interestingly, miR-1246 was also up-regulated in serum exosomes from patients. Analysis of miRNAs from patient osteoblasts suggested alteration of miR-204a-5p, miR-615-3p and miR-378a-3p regulating osteoblast function and differentiation. The resulting miRNA pattern may help to understand better the mechanisms involved in GSD and to identify new potential therapeutic targets for this rare disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Rossi
- Bone Physiopathology Research Unit, Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Ippolita Rana
- Rare Diseases and Medical Genetics Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Sabrina Buonuomo
- Rare Diseases and Medical Genetics Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Battafarano
- Bone Physiopathology Research Unit, Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Eda Mariani
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo D'Agostini
- Clinical Laboratory, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Ottavia Porzio
- Clinical Laboratory, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Viviana De Martino
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Minisola
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Macchiaiolo
- Rare Diseases and Medical Genetics Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Rita De Vito
- Department of Histopathology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Vecchio
- Rare Diseases and Medical Genetics Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Jenkner
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Bartuli
- Rare Diseases and Medical Genetics Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Del Fattore
- Bone Physiopathology Research Unit, Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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29
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Zhang YL, Liu L, Peymanfar Y, Anderson P, Xian CJ. Roles of MicroRNAs in Osteogenesis or Adipogenesis Differentiation of Bone Marrow Stromal Progenitor Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137210. [PMID: 34281266 PMCID: PMC8269269 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) are multipotent cells which can differentiate into chondrocytes, osteoblasts, and fat cells. Under pathological stress, reduced bone formation in favour of fat formation in the bone marrow has been observed through a switch in the differentiation of BMSCs. The bone/fat switch causes bone growth defects and disordered bone metabolism in bone marrow, for which the mechanisms remain unclear, and treatments are lacking. Studies suggest that small non-coding RNAs (microRNAs) could participate in regulating BMSC differentiation by disrupting the post-transcription of target genes, leading to bone/fat formation changes. This review presents an emerging concept of microRNA regulation in the bone/fat formation switch in bone marrow, the evidence for which is assembled mainly from in vivo and in vitro human or animal models. Characterization of changes to microRNAs reveals novel networks that mediate signalling and factors in regulating bone/fat switch and homeostasis. Recent advances in our understanding of microRNAs in their control in BMSC differentiation have provided valuable insights into underlying mechanisms and may have significant potential in development of new therapeutics.
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30
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Li J, Jin F, Cai M, Lin T, Wang X, Sun Y. LncRNA Nron Inhibits Bone Resorption in Periodontitis. J Dent Res 2021; 101:187-195. [PMID: 34157883 DOI: 10.1177/00220345211019689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is the most common chronic oral disease and is characterized by active osteoclast activity and significant alveolar bone resorption. However, the key regulatory factors of periodontal bone loss have yet to be determined, and reasonable intervention methods for periodontitis have not been developed. Currently, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have shown a remarkable ability to maintain normal cell and tissue homeostasis. Interestingly, we recently found that the lncRNA Nron is negatively correlated with alveolar bone resorption in periodontitis model. To explore the role of Nron in periodontal bone loss, osteoclastic-specific Nron knockout mice and osteoclastic-specific Nron transgenic mice were generated. Nron effectively inhibited osteoclastogenesis and alveolar bone resorption. Mechanistically, Nron was found to effectively promote the nuclear transport of NF-κb repressing factor (NKRF). In addition, NKRF in the nucleus significantly repressed the transcription of Nfatc1, which is a major NF-κb signaling molecule. Importantly, local injection of the Nron overexpression vector significantly inhibited osteoclastogenesis and alveolar bone resorption, which indicated the translational application potential of lncRNAs in the treatment of bone resorption in periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Li
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - F Jin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, School of Stomatology, Clinical Research Platform for Interdisciplinary of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - M Cai
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, School of Stomatology, Clinical Research Platform for Interdisciplinary of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - T Lin
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - X Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, School of Stomatology, Clinical Research Platform for Interdisciplinary of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Y Sun
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
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31
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Down-regulated microRNA-199a-3p enhances osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by targeting Kdm3a in ovariectomized rats. Biochem J 2021; 478:721-734. [PMID: 33410908 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a prevalent systemic skeletal disorder entailing bone fragility and increased fracture risk, often emerging in post-menopausal life. Emerging evidence implicates the dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) in the progression of osteoporosis. This study investigated the effect of miR-199a-3p on osteoporosis and its underlying mechanism. We first examplished an ovariectomized (OVX)-induced rat osteoporosis model, and then isolated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from bone marrow of the model rats. The overexpression and knock down of miR-199a-3p were conducted in OVX rats and MSCs to verify the role of miR-199a-3p on MSC differentiation. Calcium nodules were measured using alizarin red S (ARS) staining. RT-qPCR and Western blot assay were performed to measure the expression of miR-199a-3p, Kdm3a and osteogenic differentiation-related markers in rat tissues and cells. The correlation between miR-199a-3p and Kdm3a was confirmed using dual-luciferase reporter assay. The enrichment of Kdm3a at the Erk2 and Klf2 promoter was assessed using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay. Isolated MSCs were positive for CD29, CD44, CD90, and CD45, suggesting successful isolation of MSCs. There was increased expression of miR-199a-3p and inhibited osteogenic differentiation in OVX rats. Kdm3a was negatively targeted by miR-199a-3p. Our results also demonstrated that Kdm3a elevated the expression of Erk2 and Erk2 by promoting Erk2 and Klf2 demethylation, which further contributed to osteogenic differentiation. Overall, our results revealed a regulatory network of miR-199a-3p in osteogenic differentiation, highlighting miR-199a-3p as a potential target for therapeutic interventions in osteoporosis.
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32
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Bover J, Ureña-Torres P, Cozzolino M, Rodríguez-García M, Gómez-Alonso C. The Non-invasive Diagnosis of Bone Disorders in CKD. Calcif Tissue Int 2021; 108:512-527. [PMID: 33398414 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-020-00781-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal bone metabolism is an integral part of the chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD). For several reasons, the difficult bone compartment was neglected for some time, but there has been renewed interest as a result of the conception of bone as a new endocrine organ, the increasing recognition of the cross-talk between bone and vessels, and, especially, the very high risk of osteoporotic fractures (and associated mortality) demonstrated in patients with CKD. Therefore, it has been acknowledged in different guidelines that action is needed in respect of fracture risk assessment and the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis in the context of CKD and CKD-MBD, even beyond renal osteodystrophy. These updated guidelines clearly underline the need to improve a non-invasive approach to these bone disorders in order to guide treatment decisions aimed at not only controlling CKD-MBD but also decreasing the risk of fracture. In this report, we review the current role of the most often clinically used or promising biochemical circulating biomarkers such as parathyroid hormone, alkaline phosphatases, and other biochemical markers of bone activity as alternatives to some aspects of bone histomorphometry. We also mention the potential role of classic and new imaging techniques for CKD patients. Information on many aspects is still scarce and heterogeneous, but many of us consider that it is indeed time for action, recognizing our definitely limited ability to base certain treatment decisions only on our current non-comprehensive knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Bover
- Department of Nephrology, Fundació Puigvert and Universitat Autònoma, IIB Sant Pau, REDinREN, C. Cartagena 340-350, 08025, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Pablo Ureña-Torres
- Department of Dialysis, AURA Nord Saint Ouen and Department of Renal Physiology, Necker Hospital, University of Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Mario Cozzolino
- Renal Division, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Minerva Rodríguez-García
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, REDinREN, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Carlos Gómez-Alonso
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Metabolismo Óseo y Mineral, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
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Li R, Dong Y, Li F. ETS Proto-Oncogene 1 Suppresses MicroRNA-128 Transcription to Promote Osteogenic Differentiation Through the HOXA13/β-Catenin Axis. Front Physiol 2021; 12:626248. [PMID: 33746773 PMCID: PMC7965964 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.626248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
ETS proto-oncogene 1 (ETS1) has been implicated in osteoporosis (OP), but the exact molecular mechanisms are complex. This work focuses on the impact of ETS1 on the osteogenic differentiation and the molecules involved. A mouse pre-osteoblast cell line MC3T3-E1 was used for in vitro experiments. ETS1 was upregulated during the process of osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. Overexpression of ETS1 promoted expression of osteogenic markers, alkaline phosphate concentration, and calcareous accumulation in cells. ETS1 was found to specifically bind to miR-128 promoter to suppress its transcription, while miR-128 could target homeobox A13 (HOXA13). Therefore, ETS1 suppressed miR-128 transcription to upregulate HOXA13 expression. Overexpression of HOXA13 promoted the osteogenic differentiation ability of cells and increased the protein level of β-catenin. Either overexpression of miR-128 or downregulation of β-catenin by CWP232228, a β-catenin-specific antagonist, blocked the promoting roles of ETS1 in cells. To conclude, this study provided evidence that ETS1 suppresses miR-128 transcription to activate the following HOXA13/β-catenin axis, therefore promoting osteogenic differentiation ability of MC3T3-E1 cells. This finding may offer novel ideas for OP treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renyao Li
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Dong
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Feipeng Li
- Naton Biotech (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
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Zhang J, Zhang T, Tang B, Li J, Zha Z. The miR-187 induced bone reconstruction and healing in a mouse model of osteoporosis, and accelerated osteoblastic differentiation of human multipotent stromal cells by targeting BARX2. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 219:153340. [PMID: 33550149 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple microRNAs (miRNAs) have been proven to regulate osteogenic differentiation by affecting the Runx2 signaling pathway. The intervention of miRNA can delay the progress of osteoporosis (OP) and induce fracture repair by affecting bone regeneration. However, the function and mechanism of miR-187 in osteoporotic fractures are still unknown. METHODS We first established the OP mouse model. Next, the BMD value was certified by iDXA. The miR-187 level in the OP mice and serum of OP patients was identified through qRT-PCR. Bone repair and bone healing were assessed through toluidine blue staining and X-ray, and BARX2 expression was also confirmed. Osteogenesis-related proteins, ALP activity, and the matrix mineralization state were evaluated by western blot, ALP staining, and Alizarin Red staining in hMSCs after transfection with miR-187 mimics, miR-187 inhibitor, or human BarH-like homeobox 2 (BARX2) siRNA. Moreover, the interplay between miR-187 and BARX2 was identified through the dual-luciferase reporter. RESULTS The BMD value was notably reduced in the OP mice, and miR-187 was markedly downregulated in the OP mice and serum of OP patients. Meanwhile, we proved that miR-187 induced bone reconstruction and healing, and downregulated BARX2 in the OP mouse model. We also proved that BARX2 was a direct target of miR-187, and could be significantly downregulated by miR-187. Furthermore, miR-187 induced osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs by targeting BARX2. CONCLUSIONS The miR-187 might have a significant therapeutic effect in osteoporotic fractures. miR-187 accelerated osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs by directly regulating BARX2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Institute of Orthopedic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000, China; Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Guizhou Orthopedics Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550001, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Guizhou Orthopedics Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550001, China
| | - Bensen Tang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Guizhou Orthopedics Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550001, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Guizhou Orthopedics Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550001, China
| | - Zhengang Zha
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Institute of Orthopedic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000, China.
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Dietary Anti-Aging Polyphenols and Potential Mechanisms. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020283. [PMID: 33668479 PMCID: PMC7918214 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
For years, the consumption of a diet rich in fruits and vegetables has been considered healthy, increasing longevity, and decreasing morbidities. With the assistance of basic research investigating the potential mechanisms, it has become clear that the beneficial effects of plant-based foods are mainly due to the large amount of bioactive phenolic compounds contained. Indeed, substantial dietary intervention studies in humans have supported that the supplementation of polyphenols have various health-promoting effects, especially in the elderly population. In vitro examinations on the anti-aging mechanisms of polyphenols have been widely performed, using different types of natural and synthetic phenolic compounds. The aim of this review is to critically evaluate the experimental evidence demonstrating the beneficial effects of polyphenols on aging-related diseases. We highlight the potential anti-aging mechanisms of polyphenols, including antioxidant signaling, preventing cellular senescence, targeting microRNA, influencing NO bioavailability, and promoting mitochondrial function. While the trends on utilizing polyphenols in preventing aging-related disorders are getting growing attention, we suggest the exploration of the beneficial effects of the combination of multiple polyphenols or polyphenol-rich foods, as this would be more physiologically relevant to daily life.
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Abstract
In chronic kidney disease (CKD), disturbance of several metabolic regulatory mechanisms cause premature ageing, accelerated cardiovascular disease (CVD), and mortality. Single-target interventions have repeatedly failed to improve the prognosis for CKD patients. Epigenetic interventions have the potential to modulate several pathogenetic processes simultaneously. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is a robust predictor of CVD and all-cause mortality and implicated in pathogenic processes associated with CVD in CKD.
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Horita M, Farquharson C, Stephen LA. The role of miR-29 family in disease. J Cell Biochem 2021; 122:696-715. [PMID: 33529442 PMCID: PMC8603934 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that can bind to the target sites in the 3’‐untranslated region of messenger RNA to regulate posttranscriptional gene expression. Increasing evidence has identified the miR‐29 family, consisting of miR‐29a, miR‐29b‐1, miR‐29b‐2, and miR‐29c, as key regulators of a number of biological processes. Moreover, their abnormal expression contributes to the etiology of numerous diseases. In the current review, we aimed to summarize the differential expression patterns and functional roles of the miR‐29 family in the etiology of diseases including osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, cardiorenal, and immune disease. Furthermore, we highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting members of miR‐29 family in these diseases. We present miR‐29s as promoters of osteoblast differentiation and apoptosis but suppressors of chondrogenic and osteoclast differentiation, fibrosis, and T cell differentiation, with clear avenues for therapeutic manipulation. Further research will be crucial to identify the precise mechanism of miR‐29 family in these diseases and their full potential in therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Horita
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland, UK
| | - Colin Farquharson
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland, UK
| | - Louise A Stephen
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland, UK
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De Martinis M, Sirufo MM, Ginaldi L. Osteoporosis: Current and Emerging Therapies Targeted to Immunological Checkpoints. Curr Med Chem 2021; 27:6356-6372. [PMID: 31362684 PMCID: PMC8206194 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190730113123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a skeletal pathology characterized by compromised bone strength leading to increased risk of fracture, mainly the spine and hip fractures. Osteoporosis affects more than 200 million people worldwide and because of the skeletal fractures it causes, represents a major cause of morbidity, disability and mortality in older people. Recently, the new discoveries of osteoimmunology have clarified many of the pathogenetic mechanisms of osteoporosis, helping to identify new immunological targets for its treatment opening the way for new and effective therapies with biological drugs. Currently, there are basically two monoclonal antibodies for osteoporosis therapy: denosumab and romosozumab. Here, we focus on the modern approach to the osteoporosis management and in particular, on current and developing biologic drugs targeted to new immunological checkpoints, in the landscape of osteoimmunology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo De Martinis
- Department of Life, Health, & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Maria Maddalena Sirufo
- Department of Life, Health, & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Lia Ginaldi
- Department of Life, Health, & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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Kang M, Huang CC, Lu Y, Shirazi S, Gajendrareddy P, Ravindran S, Cooper LF. Bone regeneration is mediated by macrophage extracellular vesicles. Bone 2020; 141:115627. [PMID: 32891867 PMCID: PMC8107826 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Multiple local and systemic factors including inflammation influence bone regeneration. Several lines of evidence demonstrate that macrophages contribute to the immunological regulation of MSC and osteoblast function during bone regeneration. Recent studies demonstrate that macrophage polarization influences this regulatory process. In this manuscript, we investigated the paracrine functional role of naïve (M0), M1 and M2 polarized macrophage derived EVs in bone repair. Treatment of rat calvaria defects with no EVs, M0 EVs, M1 EVs, or M2 EVs revealed polarization-specific control of bone regeneration by macrophage EVs at 3 and 6 weeks. M0 and M2 EVs promoted repair/regeneration and M1 EVs inhibited bone repair. Pathway-specific studies conducted in cell culture showed that M1 EVs negatively regulated the BMP signaling pathway, specifically BMP2 and BMP9. In parallel, miRNA sequencing studies showed similar miRNA cargo in M0 and M2 EVs and different miRNA cargo in M1 EVs. Functional examination of M1 macrophage EV-enriched miR-155 demonstrated that miR-155 mimic treatment reduced MSC osteogenic differentiation as measured by reduced BMP2, BMP9 and RUNX2 expression when compared to controls. Conversely, treatment of MSCs with the M2 macrophage EV-enriched miR-378a mimic increased MSC osteoinductive gene expression when compared to controls. These functional studies implicate polarized macrophage EV miRNAs in the positive or negative regulation of bone regeneration that was observed in vivo. Overall, the results presented in this study indicate that macrophage polarization influences EV cargo and related EV function in the paracrine regulation of bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miya Kang
- Departments of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America
| | - Chun-Chieh Huang
- Departments of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America
| | - Yu Lu
- Departments of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America
| | - Sajjad Shirazi
- Departments of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America
| | - Praveen Gajendrareddy
- Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America
| | - Sriram Ravindran
- Departments of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America
| | - Lyndon F Cooper
- Departments of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America.
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Ramesh T. Osteogenic differentiation potential of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells enhanced by bacoside-A. Cell Biochem Funct 2020; 39:148-158. [PMID: 33137853 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell therapy is growing rapidly to treat numerous diseases including bone-associated diseases. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are most commonly preferred to treat bone diseases because it possesses high osteogenic potency. Though, to obtain maximum osteogenic efficiency of MSCs is challenging. Therefore, this study was planned to evaluate the osteogenic efficiency of human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) by bacoside-A. This study was investigated the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and expressions of the genes specific to osteogenic regulation mainly runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), osterix (Osx), osteocalcin (OCN) and collagen type Iα1 (Col I α1) in hBMSCs cultured under osteogenic conditions at different concentrations of bacoside-A for 14 days. The results of this study depicted significant upregulation in the activity of ALP and expressions of osteogenic regulator genes in bacoside-A treated cells when compared with control cells. Besides, expressions of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and Wnt/β-catenin were evaluated; these expressions were also significantly increased in bacoside-A treated cells when compared with control cells. This result provides a further supporting evidence of bacoside-A role on osteogenesis in hBMSCs. The present study suggest that bacoside-A will be applied to ameliorate the process of osteogenesis in hBMSCs to repair damaged bone structure during MSC-based therapy; this will be an excellent and auspicious treatment for bone-associated disorders including osteoporosis. Significance of the study Osteoporosis is a bone metabolic disorder characterized by an imbalance between the activity of osteoblastic bone formation and osteoclastic bone resorption that disrupts the bone microarchitecture. Current anti-osteoporotic drugs are inhibiting bone resorption, but they are unable to restore the bone structure due to extreme bone remodelling process and causes numerous side effects. The finding of natural bioactive compounds with osteogenic property is very essential for osteoporosis treatment. This study was reported that bacoside-A ameliorated osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs through upregulation of osteogenic differentiation genes and Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway. This result is indicating that bacoside-A may be useful for osteoporosis treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiyagarajan Ramesh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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41
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miR-124-3p promotes BMSC osteogenesis via suppressing the GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway in diabetic osteoporosis rats. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2020; 56:723-734. [PMID: 33085064 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-020-00502-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate miRNAs' effects, targeting the Wnt signaling pathway, on osteogenic differentiation to provide new targets for diabetic osteoporosis treatments. Twelve male rats were divided into a normal rat group (NOR group) and a model rat group (MOD group). Cluster analysis of differentially expressed miRNAs and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis were performed. Primary rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were divided into a high-glucose group and a low-glucose group, and osteogenic differentiation was induced. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and Alizarin Red staining were used for pathological analysis of the cells. Western blot analysis was used to measure GSK-3β, β-catenin, p-β-catenin, c-Myc, and CyclinD1 expression. Immunofluorescence (IF) was used to analyze the effect of GSK-3β inhibitor (CHIR99021) on β-catenin and CyclinD1 expressions levels in BMSCs. A total of 428 differentially expressed miRNAs were found between the NOR and MOD groups. KEGG analysis showed that the target genes were mostly enriched in signaling pathways, including PI3K-Akt, focal adhesion, AGE-RAGE, HIF-1, and Wnt. qPCR verification demonstrated that miR-124-3p exhibited the greatest difference in expression level. In BMSCs, miR-124-3p overexpression could reverse the inhibited expression of BMSC osteogenic markers, including Alpl, Bglap, and Runx2, induced by high glucose. Western blot analysis revealed that the transfection of miR-124-3p mimics could further reverse the upregulated p-β-catenin and GSK-3β levels and the downregulated c-Myc and CyclinD1 levels induced by high glucose. IF results revealed that BMSCs treated CHIR99021 under high glucose showed the reduced GSK-3β and increased β-catenin and CyclinD1 expression levels. Our research highlighted miRNAs' important roles in regulating the Wnt pathway and provided new information for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic osteoporosis.
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Li X, Kong Q. [The regulatory role of microRNA in osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and its application as a therapeutic target and diagnostic tool in orthopedic diseases]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2020; 34:1332-1340. [PMID: 33063501 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.201912092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective To summarize the research progress of the regulatory role of microRNA (miRNA) in osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and its application as a therapeutic target and diagnostic tool in orthopedic diseases. Methods The recent literature on the regulation of MSCs osteogenic differentiation by miRNAs was extensively reviewed, and its regulatory mechanism and its application as a therapeutic target and diagnostic tool in orthopedic diseases were reviewed. Results miRNAs are small endogenous non-coding RNAs with a length of 20-22 nucleotides, which play an important role in the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. Osteogenesis begins with the differentiation of MSCs into mature osteoblasts, and each stage of dynamic homeostasis of bone metabolism is associated with the regulation of different miRNAs. miRNAs are regulated from the post-transcriptional level by mRNAs cleavage, degradation, translational repression, or methylation. In addition, current studies suggest that miRNAs can be used as a new diagnostic tool and therapeutic target for orthopedic diseases. Conclusion Further study on the regulation mechanism of miRNAs will provide more ideas for finding new therapeutic targets and diagnostic tools for orthopedic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China
| | - Qingquan Kong
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China
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Mäkitie RE, Hackl M, Weigl M, Frischer A, Kämpe A, Costantini A, Grillari J, Mäkitie O. Unique, Gender-Dependent Serum microRNA Profile in PLS3 Gene-Related Osteoporosis. J Bone Miner Res 2020; 35:1962-1973. [PMID: 32453450 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Plastin 3 (PLS3), encoded by PLS3, is a newly recognized regulator of bone metabolism, and mutations in the encoding gene result in severe childhood-onset osteoporosis. Because it is an X chromosomal gene, PLS3 mutation-positive males are typically more severely affected whereas females portray normal to increased skeletal fragility. Despite the severe skeletal pathology, conventional metabolic bone markers tend to be normal and are thus insufficient for diagnosing or monitoring patients. Our study aimed to explore serum microRNA (miRNA) concentrations in subjects with defective PLS3 function to identify novel markers that could differentiate subjects according to mutation status and give insight into the molecular mechanisms by which PLS3 regulates skeletal health. We analyzed fasting serum samples for a custom-designed panel comprising 192 miRNAs in 15 mutation-positive (five males, age range 8-76 years, median 41 years) and 14 mutation-negative (six males, age range 8-69 years, median 40 years) subjects from four Finnish families with different PLS3 mutations. We identified a unique miRNA expression profile in the mutation-positive subjects with seven significantly upregulated or downregulated miRNAs (miR-93-3p, miR-532-3p, miR-133a-3p, miR-301b-3p, miR-181c-5p, miR-203a-3p, and miR-590-3p; p values, range .004-.044). Surprisingly, gender subgroup analysis revealed the difference to be even more distinct in female mutation-positive subjects (congruent p values, range .007-.086) than in males (p values, range .127-.843) in comparison to corresponding mutation-negative subjects. Although the seven identified miRNAs have all been linked to bone metabolism and two of them (miR-181c-5p and miR-203a-3p) have bioinformatically predicted targets in the PLS3 3' untranslated region (3'-UTR), none have previously been reported to associate with PLS3. Our results indicate that PLS3 mutations are reflected in altered serum miRNA levels and suggest there is crosstalk between PLS3 and these miRNAs in bone metabolism. These provide new understanding of the pathomechanisms by which mutations in PLS3 lead to skeletal disease and may provide novel avenues for exploring miRNAs as biomarkers in PLS3 osteoporosis or as target molecules in future therapeutic applications. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riikka E Mäkitie
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College, London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matthias Hackl
- TAmiRNA GmbH, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Cluster of Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Amelie Frischer
- Austrian Cluster of Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria.,Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anders Kämpe
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alice Costantini
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johannes Grillari
- Austrian Cluster of Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria.,Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Vienna, Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory on Biotechnology of Skin Aging, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Outi Mäkitie
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Children's Hospital and Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Comprehensive Analysis of Differentially Expressed Circular RNAs in Patients with Senile Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fracture. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:4951251. [PMID: 33083467 PMCID: PMC7556071 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4951251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Aim Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been found to contribute to the regulation of many diseases and are abundantly expressed in various organisms. The present study is aimed at systematically characterizing the circRNA expression profiles in patients with senile osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) and predicting the potential functions of the regulatory networks correlated with these differentially expressed circRNAs. Methods The circRNA expression profile in patients with senile OVCF was explored by using RNA sequencing. The prediction of the enriched signaling pathways and circRNA-miRNA networks was conducted by bioinformatics analysis. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to validate the selected differentially expressed circRNAs from 20 patients with senile OVCF relative to 20 matched healthy controls. Results A total of 884 differentially expressed circRNAs were identified, of which 554 were upregulated and 330 were downregulated. The top 15 signaling pathways associated with these differentially expressed circRNAs were predicted. The result of qRT-PCR of the selected circRNAs was consistent with RNA sequencing. Conclusions CircRNAs are differentially expressed in patients with senile OVCF, which might contribute to the pathophysiological mechanism of senile osteoporosis.
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Zhang Y, Jiao Y, Li Y, Tian Q, Du X, Deng Y. Comprehensive analysis of microRNAs in the mantle central and mantle edge provide insights into shell formation in pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 252:110508. [PMID: 32992005 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2020.110508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNA molecules with post-transcriptional regulatory activity in various biological processes. Pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii is one of the main species cultured for marine pearl production in China and Japan. In this study, we constructed two small RNA libraries of mantle central (MC) and mantle edge (ME) from P. f. martensii and obtained 24,175,537 and 21,593,898 clean reads, respectively. A total of 258 miRNAs of P. f. martensii (Pm-miRNA) were identified, and 93 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) including 49 known Pm-miRNAs and 44 novel Pm-miRNAs were obtained from the MC and ME. The target transcripts of these DEMs were obviously enriched in neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway, and others. After over-expression of Pm-miR-124 and Pm-miR-9a-5p in the MC by mimic injection into the muscle of P. f. martensii, nacre exhibited a disorderly growth as detected by scanning electron microscopy. Pm-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha subunit, Pm-neuropeptide Y and Pm-chitin synthase were investigated as the targets of Pm-miR-124; and Pm-tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 2 and Pm-chitin synthase were investigated as the targets of Pm-miR-9a-5p. These predicted target transcripts were down-regulated after the over-expression of Pm-miR-124 and Pm-miR-9a-5p in MC. This study comprehensively analyzed the miRNAs in mantle tissues to enhance our understanding of the regulatory mechanism underlying shell formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zhang
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Yu Jiao
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Science and Innovation Center for Pearl Culture, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Yiping Li
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Qunli Tian
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Xiaodong Du
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Science and Innovation Center for Pearl Culture, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Yuewen Deng
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Science and Innovation Center for Pearl Culture, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
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The roles of miRNA, lncRNA and circRNA in the development of osteoporosis. Biol Res 2020; 53:40. [PMID: 32938500 PMCID: PMC7493179 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-020-00309-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common metabolic bone disease, influenced by genetic and environmental factors, that increases bone fragility and fracture risk and, therefore, has a serious adverse effect on the quality of life of patients. However, epigenetic mechanisms involved in the development of osteoporosis remain unclear. There is accumulating evidence that epigenetic modifications may represent mechanisms underlying the links of genetic and environmental factors with increased risk of osteoporosis and bone fracture. Some RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), have been shown to be epigenetic regulators with significant involvement in the control of gene expression, affecting multiple biological processes, including bone metabolism. This review summarizes the results of recent studies on the mechanisms of miRNA-, lncRNA-, and circRNA-mediated osteoporosis associated with osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Deeper insights into the roles of these three classes of RNA in osteoporosis could provide unique opportunities for developing novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to this disease.
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Ko NY, Chen LR, Chen KH. The Role of Micro RNA and Long-Non-Coding RNA in Osteoporosis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144886. [PMID: 32664424 PMCID: PMC7402348 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a major concern worldwide and can be attributed to an imbalance between osteoblastic bone formation and osteoclastic bone resorption due to the natural aging process. Heritable factors account for 60-80% of optimal bone mineralization; however, the finer details of pathogenesis remain to be elucidated. Micro RNA (miRNA) and long-non-coding RNA (lncRNA) are two targets that have recently come into the spotlight due to their ability to control gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and provide epigenetic modification. miRNAs are a class of non-coding RNAs that are approximately 18-25 nucleotides long. It is thought that up to 60% of human protein-coding genes may be regulated by miRNAs. They have been found to regulate gene expression that controls osteoblast-dependent bone formation and osteoclast-related bone remodeling. lncRNAs are highly structured RNA transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides that do not translate into proteins. They have very complex secondary and tertiary structures and the same degradation processes as messenger RNAs. The fact that they have a rapid turnover is due to their sponge function in binding the miRNAs that lead to a degradation of the lncRNA itself. They can act as signaling, decoy, and framework molecules, or as primers. Current evidence suggests that lncRNAs can act as chromatin and transcriptional as well as post-transcriptional regulators. With regards to osteoporosis, lncRNA is thought to be involved in the proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammatory response of the bone. This review, which is based on a systematic appraisal of the current literature, provides current molecular and genetic opinions on the roles of miRNAs and lncRNAs in osteoporosis. Further research into the epigenetic modification and the regulatory roles of these molecules will bring us closer to potential disease-modifying treatment for osteoporosis. However, more issues regarding the detailed actions of miRNAs and lncRNAs in osteoporosis remain unknown and controversial and warrant future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Yu Ko
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 104, Taiwan; (N.-Y.K.); (L.-R.C.)
| | - Li-Ru Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 104, Taiwan; (N.-Y.K.); (L.-R.C.)
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hu Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Tzu-Chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu-Chi Medical Foundation, Taipei 231, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-66289779
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Food for Bone: Evidence for a Role for Delta-Tocotrienol in the Physiological Control of Osteoblast Migration. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134661. [PMID: 32629979 PMCID: PMC7370057 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone remodeling and repair require osteogenic cells to reach the sites that need to be rebuilt, indicating that stimulation of osteoblast migration could be a promising osteoanabolic strategy. We showed that purified δ-tocotrienol (δ-TT, 10 μg/mL), isolated from commercial palm oil (Elaeis guineensis) fraction, stimulates the migration of both MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells and primary human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) as detected by wound healing assay or Boyden chamber assay respectively. The ability of δ-TT to promote MC3T3-E1 cells migration is dependent on Akt phosphorylation detected by Western blotting and involves Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway activation. In fact, δ-TT increased β-catenin transcriptional activity, measured using a Nano luciferase assay and pretreatment with procaine (2 µM), an inhibitor of the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway, reducing the wound healing activity of δ-TT on MC3T3-E1 cells. Moreover, δ-TT treatment increased the expression of β-catenin specific target genes, such as Osteocalcin and Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2, involved in osteoblast differentiation and migration, and increased alkaline phosphatase and collagen content, osteoblast differentiation markers. The ability of δ-TT to enhance the recruitment of BMSC, and to promote MC3T3-E1 differentiation and migratory behavior, indicates that δ-TT could be considered a promising natural anabolic compound.
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Donati S, Ciuffi S, Palmini G, Brandi ML. Circulating miRNAs: A New Opportunity in Bone Fragility. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10060927. [PMID: 32570976 PMCID: PMC7355961 DOI: 10.3390/biom10060927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis, one of the leading causes of bone fractures, is characterized by low bone mass and structural deterioration of bone tissue, which are associated with a consequent increase in bone fragility and predisposition to fracture. Current screening tools are limited in estimating the proper assessment of fracture risk, highlighting the need to discover novel more suitable biomarkers. Genetic and environmental factors are both implicated in this disease. Increasing evidence suggests that epigenetics and, in particular, miRNAs, may represent a link between these factors and an increase of fracture risk. miRNAs are a class of small noncoding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression. In the last decade, several miRNAs have been associated with the development of osteoporosis and bone fracture risk, opening up new possibilities in precision medicine. Recently, these molecules have been identified in several biological fluids, and the possible existence of a circulating miRNA (c-miRNA) signature years before the fracture occurrence is suggested. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the c-miRNAs suggested as promising biomarkers for osteoporosis up until now, which could be helpful for early diagnosis and monitoring of treatment response, as well as fracture risk assessment, in osteoporotic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Donati
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Study of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.D.); (S.C.); (G.P.)
| | - Simone Ciuffi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Study of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.D.); (S.C.); (G.P.)
| | - Gaia Palmini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Study of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.D.); (S.C.); (G.P.)
| | - Maria Luisa Brandi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Study of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.D.); (S.C.); (G.P.)
- Unit of Bone and Mineral Diseases, University Hospital of Florence, Largo Palagi 1, 50139 Florence, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-055-7946304; Fax: +39-055-7946303
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Wang XJ, Liu JW, Liu J. MiR-655-3p inhibits the progression of osteoporosis by targeting LSD1 and activating BMP-2/Smad signaling pathway. Hum Exp Toxicol 2020; 39:1390-1404. [PMID: 32431171 DOI: 10.1177/0960327120924080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is one of the most common chronic metabolic bone diseases in the seniors and postmenopausal women. Plenty of microRNAs (miRNAs) have been confirmed to be involved in OP progression. However, the role of miR-655-3p in osteogenic differentiation and bone formation was still unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the cellular function of miR-655-3p and its underlying mechanism in OP. We found that miR-655-3p expression was downregulated in both ovariectomized (OVX) mice bone tissues and MC3T3-E1 cells treated with simulated microgravity (MG). MiR-655-3p overexpression facilitated cell differentiation but suppressed cell apoptosis of MC3T3-E1 cells induced by simulated MG. Mechanistically, we confirmed that lysine-specific histone demethylase 1 (LSD1) is a downstream target gene of miR-655-3p. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-655-3p activated the bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2)/decapentaplegic homolog (Smad) signaling pathway by suppressing LSD1 expression. Moreover, LSD1 knockdown accelerated osteogenic differentiation and inhibited apoptosis in MC3T3-E1 cells under simulated MG. Additionally, the OVX mouse model was established to investigate the role of miR-655-3p/LSD1 axis in vivo. The results demonstrated that LSD1 could reverse the effects triggered by the injection of adeno-associated virus-miR-655-3p on OP development. Further investigations revealed that miR-655-3p boosted osteogenic differentiation through LSD1/BMP-2/Smad signaling pathway. In summary, these findings implied a potential value of miR-655-3p in OP therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- X-J Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Baodi Hospital, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - J-W Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - J Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Dianjiang Chongqing, Chongqing, China
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