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Zhang L, Jiang Q, Huang D, Bin Y, Luo D, Gao Y. Study on the mechanism of enhanced anaerobic ammonia oxidation performance by extracellular electron acceptor biochar. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024; 45:4062-4072. [PMID: 37477378 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2023.2240489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACTAnaerobic ammonia oxidation process has the advantages of energy and cost reduction, therefore, it has been considered as one of the main alternatives to conventional biological denitrification process in recent years. Biochar has been applied in the anammox process for nitrogen removal efficiency. But, due to its extracellular electron transfer capacity and abundance of redox-specific functional groups, which served as extracellular electron acceptor to anaerobically oxidize NH4+ is still controversy. In this study, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation was investigated when biochar was used as electron acceptor in the wastewater. According to the optimal process variables determined in the batch tests, when the influent NH4+-N concentration in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction was 30-50 mg/L and the biochar dosing was at 10 g/L, it showed some promotion in the long-term experiments. The anaerobic ammonia oxidation process with biochar as the electron acceptor reached more than 60% NH4+-N removal efficiency in the system, and the ΔNO3--N/ΔNH4+-N ratio reached 0.19 which tended to the theoretical value. After 20 days, the voltage in the system keeps fluctuating about 4 mV, indicated that the functional bacteria using biochar as the electron acceptor gradually dominated the system. In addition, the abundance of norank_f__norank_o__SBR1031 in the Chloroflexi phylum has increased significantly at 29.92%, while the abundance of the major genus Candidatus_Kuenenia in AnAOB has decreased slightly at 11.47%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Jiang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Diannan Huang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Bin
- Appraisal Center for Environment and Engineering, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Luo
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunan Gao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, People's Republic of China
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2
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Chen X, Jiang L, Aghilinasrollahabadi K, Proano CA, Meisler S, Anderson MO, Xue J, Li G. Impacts of crude glycerol on anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) process in wastewater treatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 394:130271. [PMID: 38158091 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
This work investigated the impact of a waste-derived carbon source, crude glycerol (CG), on Anammox. Batch bioassays were conducted to identify inhibitory component(s) in CG, and the relationship between Anammox activity and the concentration of CG, pure glycerol, and methanol were assessed. The results showed that the half-maximal inhibitory concentration of CG and methanol are 434.5 ± 51.8 and 143.0 ± 19.6 mg chemical oxygen demand (COD) L-1, respectively, while pure glycerol at 0-2283 mg COD L-1 had no significant adverse effect on Anammox. The results suggested methanol is the major inhibitor in CG via a non-competitive inhibition mechanism. COD/total inorganic nitrogen ratio of > 1.3 was observed to cause a significant Anammox inhibition (>20 %), especially at low substrate level. These results are valuable for evaluating the feasibility of using CG for nitrogen removal in water resource recovery facilities, promoting sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojue Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, 4298 Campus Dr., College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Liu Jiang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, 4298 Campus Dr., College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | | | - Camila A Proano
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, 4298 Campus Dr., College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Seth Meisler
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, 4298 Campus Dr., College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Marya O Anderson
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, 4298 Campus Dr., College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Jinkai Xue
- Cold-Region Water Resource Recovery Laboratory (CRWRRL), Environmental Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Parkway, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Guangbin Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, 4298 Campus Dr., College Park, MD 20742, USA.
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3
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Zhang W, Wu H, Ping Q, Wen R, Jin Y. Application of positively charged red mud-based carriers for anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria biofilm formation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 338:122692. [PMID: 37797924 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Enrichment of anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB) in the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process remains a challenge in engineering applications. In this study, for faster enrichment of AnAOB, red mud-based carriers were positively charged with FeCl3 and microbial promoters. The experimental results showed that the average nitrogen removal rates of the red mud-based carriers (RMGA), FeCl3-modified red mud-based carriers (RMGA-Fe), and microbial promoter-modified red mud-based carriers (RMGA-MA) increased by 24.4%-175% compared with the commercially available K3 carriers. Combining the results of SEM and laser confocal microscope, electrostatic attraction played a leading role on loading AnAOB. The increase in the surface roughness and specific area of the carriers after the attachment and the presence of Fe2+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ plasma were necessary for the subsequent growth of AnAOB, while the leaching of Cr(VI) promoted the nitrogen removal effect of AnAOB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China.
| | - Huihao Wu
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Qiuzhe Ping
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Ruolan Wen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Yue Jin
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China
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4
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Wright CL, Lehtovirta-Morley LE. Nitrification and beyond: metabolic versatility of ammonia oxidising archaea. THE ISME JOURNAL 2023; 17:1358-1368. [PMID: 37452095 PMCID: PMC10432482 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-023-01467-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia oxidising archaea are among the most abundant living organisms on Earth and key microbial players in the global nitrogen cycle. They carry out oxidation of ammonia to nitrite, and their activity is relevant for both food security and climate change. Since their discovery nearly 20 years ago, major insights have been gained into their nitrogen and carbon metabolism, growth preferences and their mechanisms of adaptation to the environment, as well as their diversity, abundance and activity in the environment. Despite significant strides forward through the cultivation of novel organisms and omics-based approaches, there are still many knowledge gaps on their metabolism and the mechanisms which enable them to adapt to the environment. Ammonia oxidising microorganisms are typically considered metabolically streamlined and highly specialised. Here we review the physiology of ammonia oxidising archaea, with focus on aspects of metabolic versatility and regulation, and discuss these traits in the context of nitrifier ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe L Wright
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
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5
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Booth JM, Fusi M, Marasco R, Daffonchio D. The microbial landscape in bioturbated mangrove sediment: A resource for promoting nature-based solutions for mangroves. Microb Biotechnol 2023. [PMID: 37209285 PMCID: PMC10364319 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, soils and sediments are affected by the bioturbation activities of benthic species. The consequences of these activities are particularly impactful in intertidal sediment, which is generally anoxic and nutrient-poor. Mangrove intertidal sediments are of particular interest because, as the most productive forests and one of the most important stores of blue carbon, they provide global-scale ecosystem services. The mangrove sediment microbiome is fundamental for ecosystem functioning, influencing the efficiency of nutrient cycling and the abundance and distribution of key biological elements. Redox reactions in bioturbated sediment can be extremely complex, with one reaction creating a cascade effect on the succession of respiration pathways. This facilitates the overlap of different respiratory metabolisms important in the element cycles of the mangrove sediment, including carbon, nitrogen, sulphur and iron cycles, among others. Considering that all ecological functions and services provided by mangrove environments involve microorganisms, this work reviews the microbial roles in nutrient cycling in relation to bioturbation by animals and plants, the main mangrove ecosystem engineers. We highlight the diversity of bioturbating organisms and explore the diversity, dynamics and functions of the sediment microbiome, considering both the impacts of bioturbation. Finally, we review the growing evidence that bioturbation, through altering the sediment microbiome and environment, determining a 'halo effect', can ameliorate conditions for plant growth, highlighting the potential of the mangrove microbiome as a nature-based solution to sustain mangrove development and support the role of this ecosystem to deliver essential ecological services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny M Booth
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), Red Sea Research Centre (RSRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Coastal Research Group, Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa
| | - Marco Fusi
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), Red Sea Research Centre (RSRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Centre for Conservation and Restoration Science, School of Applied Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK
- Joint Nature Conservation Committee, Peterborough, UK
| | - Ramona Marasco
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), Red Sea Research Centre (RSRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Daniele Daffonchio
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), Red Sea Research Centre (RSRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
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6
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Ren ZQ, Hong HF, Li GF, Du XN, Zhang LG, Huang BC, Fan NS, Jin RC. A review on characterizing the metabolite property of anammox sludge by spectroscopy. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 817:153065. [PMID: 35031359 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most promising autotrophic biological nitrogen removal technology, anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) has gained intense attention for the past decades and several full-scale facilities have been implemented worldwide. However, anammox bacteria are easily affected by disturbed external environmental factors, which commonly leads to the fluctuations in reactor performance. The response of anammox sludge to external stress results in changes in components and structural characteristics of intracellular and extracellular polymer substances. Real-time and convenient spectral analysis of anammox sludge metabolites can give early warning of performance deterioration under external stresses, which is of great significance to the stable operation of bioreactor. This review summarized the research progress on characterizing the intracellular and extracellular metabolites of anammox sludge through spectroscopic techniques. The correlation between anammox sludge activity and its key metabolites was analyzed. Also, the limitations and future prospects of applying spectral analytical techniques for anammox bioreactor monitoring were discussed and outlooked. This review may provide valuable information for both scientific study and engineering application of anammox based nitrogen removal technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Qi Ren
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - He-Fang Hong
- Taizhou Municipal Ecology and Environment Bureau Linhai Branch, Taizhou 317000, China
| | - Gui-Feng Li
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Xue-Ning Du
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Li-Ge Zhang
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Bao-Cheng Huang
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Nian-Si Fan
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Ren-Cun Jin
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China.
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7
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Yang XR, Li H, Su JQ, Zhou GW. Anammox Bacteria Are Potentially Involved in Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation Coupled to Iron(III) Reduction in the Wastewater Treatment System. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:717249. [PMID: 34566922 PMCID: PMC8461334 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.717249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation coupled to nitrite reduction (termed as Anammox) was demonstrated as an efficient pathway to remove nitrogen from a wastewater treatment system. Recently, anaerobic ammonium oxidation was also identified to be linked to iron(III) reduction (termed Feammox) with dinitrogen, nitrite, or nitrate as end-product, reporting to enhance nitrogen removal from the wastewater treatment system. However, little is known about the role of Anammox bacteria in the Feammox process. Here, slurry from wastewater reactor amended with ferrihydrite was employed to investigate activity of Anammox bacteria in the Feammox process using the 15N isotopic tracing technique combined with 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. A significantly positive relationship between rates of 15N2 production and iron(III) reduction indicated the occurrence of Feammox during incubation. Relative abundances of Anammox bacteria including Brocadia, Kuenenia, Jettenia, and unclassified Brocadiaceae were detected with low relative abundances, whereas Geobacteraceae dominated in the treatment throughout the incubation. 15N2 production rates significantly positively correlated with relative abundances of Geobacter, unclassified Geobacteraceae, and Anammox bacteria, revealing their contribution to nitrogen generation via Feammox. Overall, these findings suggested Anammox bacteria or cooperation between Anammox bacteria and iron(III) reducers serves a potential role in Feammox process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ru Yang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Xiamen, China.,Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Xiamen, China
| | - Hu Li
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Xiamen, China.,Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Xiamen, China
| | - Jian-Qiang Su
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Xiamen, China.,Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Xiamen, China
| | - Guo-Wei Zhou
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Xiamen, China.,Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Xiamen, China.,School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, China
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8
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Hasan MN, Altaf MM, Khan NA, Khan AH, Khan AA, Ahmed S, Kumar PS, Naushad M, Rajapaksha AU, Iqbal J, Tirth V, Islam S. Recent technologies for nutrient removal and recovery from wastewaters: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 277:130328. [PMID: 33794428 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Water scarcity and its pollution has become a concern in recent times. The disposal of nutrient-rich (nitrogen and phosphorous) wastewater is also one of the main cause of water pollution through eutrophication, reduced dissolved oxygen that poses threat to aquatic ecosystems. As a result, nutrient removal has become a mandate apart from the removal of organics. However, the removal of nutrients from sewage is a challenging task. Conversely, conventional biological treatment processes provide little relief in nutrient removal. The treated effluents from conventional biological processes do not achieve the stringent nutrient removal disposal standard limits and become primary cause of pollution in the receiving water bodies. This has stressed upon the need for eco-friendly, low-energy and cost-efficient nutrient removal treatment technologies. Various biological treatment combinations or variants are in use for the efficient removal of nutrients. The biological processes in itself or in combination with chemical processes are preferred over technologies based solely on physico-chemical processes for its treatment performance at lower cost. This review summarizes the existing treatment processes and their possible up-gradation with the aim to accomplish the marked effluent standards for the nutrients. The concept of conventional systems and advanced systems for nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorous) removal which are already developed or under development are deeply discussed. Further, the challenges of each treatment systems are abridged. Finally, the possible suggestions for the modification/retrofitting of existing treatment systems for achieving stringent disposal standards are pointed out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Najibul Hasan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Mohd Musheer Altaf
- Department of Life Science, Institute of Information Management and Technology, Aligarh, India
| | - Nadeem A Khan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Afzal Husain Khan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Jazan University, 114, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abid Ali Khan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Sirajuddin Ahmed
- Department of Civil Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - P Senthil Kumar
- SSN-Centre for Radiation, Environmental Science and Technology (SSN-CREST), Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mu Naushad
- Advanced Materials Research Chair, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Yonsei Frontier Lab, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea; International Research Centre of Nanotechnology for Himalayan Sustainability (IRCNHS), Shoolini University, Solan, 173212, Himachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Anushka Upamali Rajapaksha
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Center, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka; Instrument Center, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka
| | - Jibran Iqbal
- College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, P.O. Box 144534, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vineet Tirth
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, 61411, Saudi Arabia; Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Asir, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saiful Islam
- Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, 61411, Saudi Arabia
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Rampuria A, Kulshreshtha NM, Gupta A, Brighu U. Novel microbial nitrogen transformation processes in constructed wetlands treating municipal sewage: a mini-review. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:40. [PMID: 33544217 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03001-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Traditionally nitrogen transformation in constructed wetlands (CWs) has been attributed to the activities of aerobic autotrophic nitrifiers followed by anoxic heterotrophic denitrifiers. However, the nitrogen balances in such systems are far from being explained as a large fraction of the losses remain unaccounted for. The classical nitrification-denitrification theory has been successfully employed in certain unit processes by culturing fast-growing bacteria, but the CWs offer an ideal environment for slow-growing bacteria that may be beneficially exploited to achieve enhanced nitrogen removal by manipulating the environmental conditions in their favor. In the last three decades, many novel microorganisms have been isolated from CWs that have led to the discovery of some other routes that have made researchers believe could play a significant role in nitrogen transformation processes. The increased understanding of novel discerned pathways like anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX), heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification, which are mediated by specialized bacteria has indicated that these microorganisms could be enriched by applying selection pressures within CWs for achieving high rates of nitrogen removal. Understanding these novel nitrogen transformation processes along with the associated microbial population can provide new dimensions to the design of CWs for enhanced nitrogen removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aakanksha Rampuria
- Department of Civil Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India
| | | | | | - Urmila Brighu
- Department of Civil Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India
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10
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Effect of biomass immobilization and reduced graphene oxide on the microbial community changes and nitrogen removal at low temperatures. Sci Rep 2021; 11:840. [PMID: 33436937 PMCID: PMC7804202 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80747-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The slow growth rate and high optimal temperatures for the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria are significant limitations of the anammox processes application in the treatment of mainstream of wastewater entering wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). In this study, we investigate the nitrogen removal and microbial community changes in sodium alginate (SA) and sodium alginate–reduced graphene oxide (SA-RGO) carriers, depending on the process temperature, with a particular emphasis on the temperature close to the mainstream of wastewater entering the WWTP. The RGO addition to the SA matrix causes suppression of the beads swelling, which intern modifies the mechanical properties of the gel beads. The effect of the temperature drop on the nitrogen removal rate was reduced for biomass entrapped in SA and SA-RGO gel beads in comparison to non-immobilized biomass, this suggests a ‘‘protective” effect caused by immobilization. However, analyses performed using next-generation sequencing (NGS) and qPCR revealed that the microbial community composition and relative gene abundance changed significantly, after the implementation of the new process conditions. The microbial community inside the gel beads was completely remodelled, in comparison with inoculum, and denitrification contributed to the nitrogen transformation inside the beads.
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11
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Niederdorfer R, Hausherr D, Palomo A, Wei J, Magyar P, Smets BF, Joss A, Bürgmann H. Temperature modulates stress response in mainstream anammox reactors. Commun Biol 2021; 4:23. [PMID: 33398049 PMCID: PMC7782526 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01534-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Autotrophic nitrogen removal by anaerobic ammonium oxidizing (anammox) bacteria is an energy-efficient nitrogen removal process in wastewater treatment. However, full-scale deployment under mainstream conditions remains challenging for practitioners due to the high stress susceptibility of anammox bacteria towards fluctuations in dissolved oxygen (DO) and temperature. Here, we investigated the response of microbial biofilms with verified anammox activity to DO shocks under 20 °C and 14 °C. While pulse disturbances of 0.3 mg L-1 DO prompted only moderate declines in the NH4+ removal rates, 1.0 mg L-1 DO led to complete but reversible inhibition of the NH4+ removal activity in all reactors. Genome-centric metagenomics and metatranscriptomics were used to investigate the stress response on various biological levels. We show that temperature regime and strength of DO perturbations induced divergent responses from the process level down to the transcriptional profile of individual taxa. Community-wide gene expression differed significantly depending on the temperature regime in all reactors, and we found a noticeable impact of DO disturbances on genes involved in transcription, translation, replication and posttranslational modification at 20 °C but not 14 °C. Genome-centric analysis revealed that different anammox species and other key biofilm taxa differed in their transcriptional responses to distinct temperature regimes and DO disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Niederdorfer
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute for Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of Surface Waters-Research and Management, 6047, Kastanienbaum, Switzerland.
| | - Damian Hausherr
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute for Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of Process Engineering, 8600, Duebendorf, Switzerland
| | - Alejandro Palomo
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jing Wei
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Air Pollution & Environmental Technology, 8600, Duebendorf, Switzerland
| | - Paul Magyar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Barth F Smets
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Adriano Joss
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute for Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of Process Engineering, 8600, Duebendorf, Switzerland
| | - Helmut Bürgmann
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute for Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of Surface Waters-Research and Management, 6047, Kastanienbaum, Switzerland
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12
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Zhu XL, Bai YH, Wu J, Xu LZJ, Cheng YF, Fan NS, Jin RC. Whether glycine betaine improves the thermotolerance of mesophilic anammox consortia. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2020; 41:3309-3317. [PMID: 30999824 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2019.1606856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
While the application of mesophilic anammox process is currently the state of the art, the feasibility of a thermophilic anammox bioprocess is still unclear. In this study, we investigate whether glycine betaine (GB) addition can enhance the thermotolerance of mesophilic anammox biomass in the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors fed with synthetic wastewater at a nitrogen loading of approximately 4 kg N m-3 d-1. The results showed that during a long-term operation at 45°C with GB (0, 0.1, 1, 2 mM) addition, anammox performance became worse with the final effluent concentrations of NO2 -N of 145 ± 11.6 mg L-1 and nitrogen removal efficiency decreased from 92.3-6.9%. Specific anammox activity decreased from 392.1 ± 12.1-6.0 ± 0.8 mg N g-1 VSS d-1, which were not significantly higher than those in the control reactor. The content of heme c showed a stronger downward trend in T1 (with GB addition) than in the control reactor T0. The qPCR results showed that the relative abundance of Candidatus Kuenenia decreased in both the experimental (from 53.5-28.8%) and control reactors (from 54.1-35.1%). Overall, continuous addition of exogenous GB did not improve the thermotolerance of mesophilic anammox consortia at 45°C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ling Zhu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Hui Bai
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lian-Zeng-Ji Xu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Fei Cheng
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Nian-Si Fan
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ren-Cun Jin
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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13
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Bias of marker genes in PCR of anammox bacteria in natural habitats. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239736. [PMID: 33002008 PMCID: PMC7529225 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of anammox bacteria is mostly relied on PCR with various marker genes. However, the community composition revealed by different marker genes and whether the marker genes influence the resulted community composition remain unclear. We compared the community structure of anammox bacteria in enriched and natural environments revealed by 16S rRNA and functional genes (hzo, hzsA and hzsB) from public database and published papers. The genus of Ca. Scalindua showed the lowest similarities with other genera, especially for the hzsA gene (66.9%-68.6%). The 16S rRNA gene is the most commonly used marker gene in natural habitats with 151 out 221 papers in total. The anammox bacterial community composition is distributed according to the source of habitat regardless the use of various marker genes. The role of marker gene is limited with explanatory of 5.4% for variance of community composition, versus 20.5% of habitat. The effect of marker gene is mainly acted on freshwater habitat, which shows significant different community composition revealed by 16S rRNA and hzo, with Ca. Brocadia and Ca. Jettenia as dominant genus, respectively.
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Abbas T, Zhang Q, Zou X, Tahir M, Wu D, Jin S, Di H. Soil anammox and denitrification processes connected with N cycling genes co-supporting or contrasting under different water conditions. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 140:105757. [PMID: 32361577 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria (anammox) are the hidden culprit behind the excessive nitrogen loss under a favorable environment, since their detection and abundance get disturbed by several unknown factors. This study intends to find the gap between actual anammox working capacity under different water conditions and fertilizers in the laboratory. The 15N-isotopic tracer technique was used to measure anammox and denitrification rate, and anammox community structure was analyzed through high-throughput sequencing with cytochrome cd-1 nitrite reductase functional gene (an_nirS gene, initially found in Candidatus Scalindua). The experiment consisted of four treatments, i.e., (I) CK_ Control, (II) UR_Urea, (III) PM_Pig Manure, and (IV) SRF_ Slow release fertilizer, under two water conditions, i.e., (a) Continuous flooding_ CF, (b) Alternate wetting and drying_ AWD. Results showed that anammox under CF decreased over time by -40.24%, and denitrification increased up to 39.25%. However, anammox activity under AWD increased up to 10.62% with the availability of NO2-, and surprisingly accompanied by the reduction in denitrification loss (-31.97%), being the most critical factor. We found that soil nifH and AOB genes were strongly favorable for anammox activity, while we observed the presence of anammox and AOB genes co-existing at the same time in paddy soil. The high-throughput sequencing with an_nirS functional gene showed a much higher diversity of anammox genera ever reported, mostly uncultured and unidentified. We concluded that water management is more prominent than fertilizer for anammox, and the most critical factor is the duration of AWD cycle, because of short term air supply could boost anammox activity and gene abundance, and could reduce denitrifier activity as well as nirK gene abundance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Touqeer Abbas
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Qichun Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
| | - Xiang Zou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Muhammad Tahir
- Department of Soil, Water, & Climate, Univ. of Minnesota, 1991 Upper Buford Cir, Falcon Heights, MN 55108, USA
| | - Dan Wu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Shuquan Jin
- Ecology and Environment Institute, Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Science, Ningbo 315040, PR China
| | - Hongjie Di
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
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15
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Zhou Z, Chen J, Gu W, Gu JD. Biogeographic pattern of the nirS gene-targeted anammox bacterial community and composition in the northern South China Sea and a coastal Mai Po mangrove wetland. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:3167-3181. [PMID: 32036435 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10415-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Functional genes, namely hzo/hao, nirS, hzs, and ccs gene, are efficient with high specificity for detecting anammox bacteria. Sc-nirS and An-nirS primer sets were proposed for targeting Scalindua/non-Scalindua anammox bacterial groups; previously, they have not been assessed for biogeographic study on marine-terrestrial transitional systems, specifically marine and terrestrial ecosystems. Here, we report phylogenetic distribution pattern of anammox bacteria in both northern South China Sea (nSCS) and Mai Po wetland (a coastal mangrove) using nirS gene-based primers. A well-delineated biogeographic distribution pattern from ocean to continental shelf was evident by combining both gene-based analyses as previously depicted using 16S rRNA as the biomarker. Furthermore, factors affecting the abundance and composition of An-nirS genes in Mai Po wetland were identified as substrate (NO3-/NO2- concentration) and anoxic/oxic condition in association to depth. An-nirS gene abundance was from 2.6 × 103 to 1.2-1.4 × 104 copies/g dry sediment in nSCS; and it was around 5 × 103 and 1-2 × 104 copies/g dry sediment in surface and subsurface sediments of Mai Po wetland, respectively. In addition, nirS gene abundance and distribution pattern of denitrifiers and anammox bacteria in the wetland indicates a competition relationship between them. Mangrove vegetation affected the community composition of An-nirS gene considerably, and a more homogeneous distribution pattern was observed in the mangrove forest than intertidal mudflats. Sc/An-nirS gene-based biogeographic insights on anammox bacteria have shed lights on the compositional and potential functional dynamics and emphasized the importance of molecular tools on refining the current microbial ecological patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Zhou
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Toxicology, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, No.24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Gu
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 29 Jinying Road, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Dong Gu
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Toxicology, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Application of the Anammox in China-A Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17031090. [PMID: 32050414 PMCID: PMC7037791 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17031090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) has been one of the most innovative discoveries for the treatment of wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen concentrations. The process has significant advantages for energy saving and sludge reduction, also capital costs and greenhouse gases emissions are reduced. Recently, the use of anammox has rapidly become mainstream in China. This study reviews the engineering applications of the anammox process in China, including various anammox-based technologies, selection of anammox reactors and attempts to apply them to different wastewater treatment plants. This review discusses the control and implementation of stable reactor operation and analyzes challenges facing mainstream anammox applications. Finally, a unique and novel perspective on the development and application of anammox in China is presented.
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17
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Reis AC, Kolvenbach BA, Chami M, Gales L, Egas C, Corvini PFX, Nunes OC. Comparative genomics reveals a novel genetic organization of the sad cluster in the sulfonamide-degrader 'Candidatus Leucobacter sulfamidivorax' strain GP. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:885. [PMID: 31752666 PMCID: PMC6868719 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6206-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Microbial communities recurrently establish metabolic associations resulting in increased fitness and ability to perform complex tasks, such as xenobiotic degradation. In a previous study, we have described a sulfonamide-degrading consortium consisting of a novel low-abundant actinobacterium, named strain GP, and Achromobacter denitrificans PR1. However, we found that strain GP was unable to grow independently and could not be further purified. Results Previous studies suggested that strain GP might represent a new putative species within the Leucobacter genus (16S rRNA gene similarity < 97%). In this study, we found that average nucleotide identity (ANI) with other Leucobacter spp. ranged between 76.8 and 82.1%, further corroborating the affiliation of strain GP to a new provisional species. The average amino acid identity (AAI) and percentage of conserved genes (POCP) values were near the lower edge of the genus delimitation thresholds (65 and 55%, respectively). Phylogenetic analysis of core genes between strain GP and Leucobacter spp. corroborated these findings. Comparative genomic analysis indicates that strain GP may have lost genes related to tetrapyrrole biosynthesis and thiol transporters, both crucial for the correct assembly of cytochromes and aerobic growth. However, supplying exogenous heme and catalase was insufficient to abolish the dependent phenotype. The actinobacterium harbors at least two copies of a novel genetic element containing a sulfonamide monooxygenase (sadA) flanked by a single IS1380 family transposase. Additionally, two homologs of sadB (4-aminophenol monooxygenase) were identified in the metagenome-assembled draft genome of strain GP, but these were not located in the vicinity of sadA nor of mobile or integrative elements. Conclusions Comparative genomics of the genus Leucobacter suggested the absence of some genes encoding for important metabolic traits in strain GP. Nevertheless, although media and culture conditions were tailored to supply its potential metabolic needs, these conditions were insufficient to isolate the PR1-dependent actinobacterium further. This study gives important insights regarding strain GP metabolism; however, gene expression and functional studies are necessary to characterize and further isolate strain GP. Based on our data, we propose to classify strain GP in a provisional new species within the genus Leucobacter, ‘Candidatus Leucobacter sulfamidivorax‘.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C Reis
- Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering - LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Ecopreneurship, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland, Gruendenstrasse 40, 4132, Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Boris A Kolvenbach
- Institute for Ecopreneurship, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland, Gruendenstrasse 40, 4132, Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Mohamed Chami
- BioEM lab, C-Cina, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Luís Gales
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde - i3S, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular - IBMC, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar - ICBAS, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Conceição Egas
- Next Generation Sequencing Unit, Biocant, BiocantPark, Núcleo 04, Lote 8, 3060-197, Cantanhede, Portugal.,Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, Rua Larga, Pólo I, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Philippe F-X Corvini
- Institute for Ecopreneurship, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland, Gruendenstrasse 40, 4132, Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Olga C Nunes
- Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering - LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal.
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18
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Wang Y, Xu L, Wang S, Ye F, Zhu G. Global Distribution of Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation (Anammox) Bacteria - Field Surveys in Wetland, Dryland, Groundwater Aquifer and Snow. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2583. [PMID: 31798550 PMCID: PMC6861858 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) expanded our knowledge on the microbial nitrogen cycle. Previous studies report that anammox bacteria are distributed in a wide range of habitats and plays significant roles in the global nitrogen cycle. However, most studies focus only on individual ecosystems or datasets from public databases. To date, our understanding of how anammox bacteria respond to environmental properties and are distributed in different habitats on a global scale, remain unclear. To explore the global distribution of anammox bacteria, samples were collected from different habitats at different locations globally, including wetlands, drylands, groundwater aquifers and snow from 10 countries across six continents. We then used high-throughput amplicon sequencing targeting the functional gene hydrazine synthase (HZS) and generated community profiles. Results showed that Candidatus Brocadia is detected as the dominant genus on a global scale, accounting for 80.0% to 99.9% of the retrieved sequences in different habitats. The Jettenia-like sequences were the second most abundant group, accounting for no more than 19.9% of the retrieved sequences in all sites. The samples in drylands, wetlands and groundwater aquifers showed similar community composition and diversity, with the snow samples being the most different. Deterministic processes seem stronger in regulating the community composition of anammox bacteria, which is supported by the higher proportion explained by local-scale factors. Groundwater aquifers showed high gene abundance and the most complex co-occurrence network among the four habitat types, suggesting that it might be the preferred habitat of anammox bacteria. There is little competition between anammox bacterial species based on co-occurrence analysis. Hence, we could infer that environmental factors such as anaerobic and stable conditions, instead of substrate limitations, may be vital factors determining the anammox bacteria community. These results provide a better understanding of the global distribution of anammox bacteria and the ecological factors that affect their community structuring in diverse habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liya Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shanyun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Ye
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guibing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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19
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Ni L, Lin X, Yan H, Wang Y. A novel anammox granules-circulating expanded granular sludge bed reactor for the efficient circulation and retention of floating anammox granules. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 235:316-326. [PMID: 31265977 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.06.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In application of anammox process, the operation of the conventional expanded granular sludge bed reactor (EGSBconv.) is severely limited by the blocking and decay of floating anammox granules.To address this emerging issue, a novel three-phase separator configuration was designed and an anammox granules circulating EGSB (EGSBGC) was proposed in this study. In the EGSBGC, an influent scour on floating granules, whose effect was confirmed by simulation with a three-dimensional flow model, was obtained by integrating the external three-phase separator with the influent and the external cycle. After 166-d operation, the nitrogen removal efficiency of the EGSBGC reached 75.6%, being 1.28-times that of the EGSBconv. (58.9%). The sludge concentration in the main body of the EGSBGC reached 3112 ± 65 mg/L, compared with 2613 ± 42 mg/L in the EGSBconv. (p < 0.05). Moreover, the severe granules blockage and decay problem that is frequently encountered in the EGSBconv. no longer occurred in the EGSBGC. The relative abundance of anammox bacteria in granules from the three-phase separator of the EGSBGC was 29.7%, significantly higher than that from the EGSBconv. (16.1%, p < 0.05). The blockage and decay of granules in the three-phase separator of the EGSBconv. led to an obvious proliferation of heterotrophic bacteria, with their relative abundance increased by 9.4% compared with the seed sludge (38.6% vs. 29.2%). This study proposed a practical three-phase separator configuration to sustain efficient and stable operation of anammox processes toward the promotion of granules circulation, retention and reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfeng Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Ximao Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Hexiang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Yayi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
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20
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Effects of Ca2+ Concentration on Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation Reactor Microbial Community Structure. WATER 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/w11071341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) reaction removes nitrogen from wastewater, the performance of which is influenced by Ca2+; however, the effect of Ca2+ on microbial community structure is unclear. Therefore, the effects of Ca2+ concentration on the treatment performance of an anammox reactor and microbial community structure of anammox sludge were investigated. Ca2+ concentration minimally influenced the removal efficiency of NO2−–N and NH4+–N, but substantially influenced total N removal. Changing the Ca2+ concentration (between 25 and 125 mg/L) caused the average removal rate of total nitrogen to fluctuate by 3.3 percentage points. There were five major bacterial phyla in the anammox sludge: Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria, Planctomycete, and Chlorobi. Microbiological analysis revealed that the genera Acidobacterium, Anaerolinea, and Denitratisoma were positively correlated with Ca2+ concentration, and improved treatment performance of the anammox reactor. Moreover, uncultured Chlorobi bacterium clone RUGL1-218 (GQ421108.1) and uncultured sludge bacterium A21b (KT182572.1) may be key microorganisms for the immobilization of anammox bacteria. These findings offer a theoretical basis for improved wastewater treatment using the anammox process.
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Xu D, Kang D, Yu T, Ding A, Lin Q, Zhang M, Hu Q, Zheng P. A secret of high-rate mass transfer in anammox granular sludge: "Lung-like breathing". WATER RESEARCH 2019; 154:189-198. [PMID: 30797127 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The granulation of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) biomass can play a key role in developing stable and high-rate working of anammox process. It is important to know the working mechanism of anammox granular sludge (AnGS) for the optimization of reactor performance. In this study, a "lung-like breathing" determinator was invented to investigate the working behavior of AnGS in the bioreactor. The results showed that the AnGS had a regular expansion and contraction phenomenon, which was called "lung-like breathing". With the biological loading rate (BLR) at 0.114 kg-N/(kg-VSS·d), the expansion and contraction amplitude (ExCA) was 1.29 ± 0.05%, and the expansion and contraction frequency (ExCF) was 39.3 ± 1.6 times/h. The AnGS cultivated in a bioreactor with higher nitrogen removal rate (NRR) was found to have the higher ExCA and ExCF when determinated at the same BLR, and the "lung-like breathing" behavior of one type of AnGS was revealed to bear a significantly (p < 0.05) positive correlation with the specific anammox activity (SAA). The mass transfer flux from "lung-like breathing" was far greater than that from molecular diffusion, which was regarded as a vital mechanism for the AnGS to demonstrate its high activity. These findings provided theoretical basis and technical parameters for the optimization of anammox nitrogen removal process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Xu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Da Kang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Aqiang Ding
- Department of Environmental Science College of Resource and Environmental Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiujian Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Qianyi Hu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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22
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Kawagoshi Y, Yamashita Y, Van Duc L, Hama T, Ito H. Changes of nitrogen-removal performance and that of the bacterial community in a mixed culture comprising freshwater and marine anammox bacteria under averaged environmental condition. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 217:609-617. [PMID: 30447609 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen-removal processes using anammox bacteria are expected to achieve high-rate removal while remaining economical, and their practical applications have been investigated. However, anammox bacteria still have unfavorable characteristics for practical use, including susceptibility to a change in environmental conditions. In this study, with an aim of exploring the adaptability of mixed anammox bacteria to environmental conditions, the shift of nitrogen-removal performance and bacterial community in a mixed culture comprising freshwater anammox bacteria (FAB) and marine anammox bacteria (MAB) were investigated by a continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR). The CSTR inoculated with the mixed anammox bacteria was operated for 180 days under an averaged condition between freshwater and marine conditions with a temperature of 27.5 °C and a synthetic medium with 15 g/L NaCl was used. Nitrogen-removal performance became stable after 114 days and more than 90% of nitrogen that was loaded into the reactor was removed in the range of nitrogen loading rate 0.07-0.42 kg N/m3/d. After operating at 0.42 kg N/m3/d for one month, a biomass sample was taken and its bacterial community was analyzed by clone-library analysis using a partial sequence of 16S rRNA. Among the clones of anammox bacteria that were made by an anammox-bacteria-specific primer, 97% of them were MAB and only 3% were FAB. These results indicate that the bacterial community including anammox bacteria was evidently changed due to environmental conditions and that the averaged condition in this study was suitable for marine bacteria rather than freshwater bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasunori Kawagoshi
- Center for Water Cycle, Marine Environment and Disaster Management (CWMD), Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
| | - Yuki Yamashita
- Kyushukensetsu Consultant Co., Ltd, 936-1 Magari, Oita 870-0946, Japan
| | - Luong Van Duc
- Center for Water Cycle, Marine Environment and Disaster Management (CWMD), Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Takehide Hama
- Center for Water Cycle, Marine Environment and Disaster Management (CWMD), Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ito
- Center for Water Cycle, Marine Environment and Disaster Management (CWMD), Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
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Wu Y, Wang Y, De Costa YG, Tong Z, Cheng JJ, Zhou L, Zhuang WQ, Yu K. The co-existence of anammox genera in an expanded granular sludge bed reactor with biomass carriers for nitrogen removal. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 103:1231-1242. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9494-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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24
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Ma X, Wang Y. Anammox bacteria exhibit capacity to withstand long-term starvation stress: A proteomic-based investigation of survival mechanisms. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 211:952-961. [PMID: 30119026 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.07.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Although anammox bacteria are commonly exposed to long-term starvation during transportation and preservation process, physiological changes in these organisms during long-term starvation are not well understood, nor are the molecular bases of their starvation survival strategies. To reveal survival mechanisms during long-term anaerobic and anoxic starvation (60 days at 20 ± 1 °C), metaproteomic technology was utilized to identify differentially expressed proteins in Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis. Our results showed that Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis exhibits a capacity to withstand long-term starvation stress. Although activity decay rates of 0.0129 d-1 and 0.0049 d-1 were observed for anammox sludge in anoxic and anaerobic starvation, the relative abundance of Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis, the shape of anammox granules, and the fraction of viable cells remained constant under both anaerobic and anoxic starvation conditions. Metaproteomics results illustrated that Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis maintained stable levels of most intracellular proteins, especially enzymes involved in principal metabolic pathways after 60-d of anaerobic or anoxic starvation, thereby allowing cells to regain metabolic activities once substrates became available. Induction of starvation proteins could be a survival strategy employed by Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis to resist long-term starvation stresses. During anaerobic starvation, 34 proteins were upregulated, five of which were associated with carbohydrate catabolism and oxidation of organic compounds, thereby increasing potential for utilization of endogenous carbon sources to produce energy. During anoxic starvation, only two proteins were upregulated, which may be attributed to insufficient energy for the synthesis of starvation-induced proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Insititue of Pollution Contrl and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Yayi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Insititue of Pollution Contrl and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
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25
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Ni L, Wang Y, Lin X, Yan Y, Zhang Y, Wang W. Enhancement of the adaptability of anammox granules to zinc shock by appropriate organic carbon treatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 268:496-504. [PMID: 30114669 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals, which are commonly present in high ammonia-containing wastewater, can cause inhibitory effects to anammox reaction. This study proposes a novel approach to enhance the adaptability of anammox granules to heavy metal [Zn(II)] shock by organic carbon (sodium acetate, NaAc) treatment, paying special attention to optimization of the treatment dosage and duration. For granules treated with 200 mg chemical oxygen demand (COD)/L NaAc for 2 d, the activity recovery (six cycles) efficiency after Zn(II) (40 mg/L) shock reached 127.4%. The extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) production increased by 168% and heterotrophic bacteria mildly proliferated (increased by 14%) in such granules compared with the control. The dramatic recovery capacity was likely due to the entrapment and barrier function of EPS and the outer-layer proliferated heterotrophic bacteria. This finding offers a useful process to enable maximum adaptability of anammox granules from heavy metals shocks, allowing anammox technology to be more widely applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfeng Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Yayi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
| | - Ximao Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Yuan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Yao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Weigang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
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26
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Ali M, Shaw DR, Zhang L, Haroon MF, Narita Y, Emwas AH, Saikaly PE, Okabe S. Aggregation ability of three phylogenetically distant anammox bacterial species. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 143:10-18. [PMID: 29933181 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria are well known for their aggregation ability. However, very little is known about cell surface physicochemical properties of anammox bacteria and thus their aggregation abilities have not been quantitatively evaluated yet. Here, we investigated the aggregation abilities of three different anammox bacterial species: "Candidatus Brocadia sinica", "Ca. Jettenia caeni" and "Ca. Brocadia sapporoensis". Planktonic free-living enrichment cultures of these three anammox species were harvested from the membrane bioreactors (MBRs). The physicochemical properties (e.g., contact angle, zeta potential, and surface thermodynamics) were analyzed for these anammox bacterial species and used in the extended DLVO theory to understand the force-distance relationship. In addition, their extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance. The results revealed that the "Ca. B. sinica" cells have the most hydrophobic surface and less hydrophilic functional groups in EPS than other anammox strains, suggesting better aggregation capability. Furthermore, aggregate formation and anammox bacterial populations were monitored when planktonic free-living cells were cultured in up-flow column reactors under the same conditions. Rapid development of microbial aggregates was observed with the anammox bacterial population shifts to a dominance of "Ca. B. sinica" in all three reactors. The dominance of "Ca. B. sinica" could be explained by its better aggregation ability and the superior growth kinetic properties (higher growth rate and affinity to nitrite). The superior aggregation ability of "Ca. B. sinica" indicates significant advantages (efficient and rapid start-up of anammox reactors due to better biomass retention as granules and consequently stable performance) in wastewater treatment application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ali
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, Water Desalination and Reuse Center, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North 13, West-8, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Dario Rangel Shaw
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, Water Desalination and Reuse Center, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lei Zhang
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North 13, West-8, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Mohamed Fauzi Haroon
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Yuko Narita
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North 13, West-8, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Abdul-Hamid Emwas
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Core Labs, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pascal E Saikaly
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, Water Desalination and Reuse Center, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Satoshi Okabe
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North 13, West-8, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan.
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Zhou Z, Wei Q, Yang Y, Li M, Gu JD. Practical applications of PCR primers in detection of anammox bacteria effectively from different types of samples. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:5859-5871. [PMID: 29802476 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9078-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Research on anammox (anaerobic ammonium oxidizing) bacteria is important due to their biogeochemical and industrial application significance since the first discovery made over two decades ago. By coupling NH4+ and NO2- biochemically to form N2 gas, anammox bacteria contribute significantly to global marine and terrestrial nitrogen balance (responsible for 50, 9~40, and 4~37% of the nitrogen loss for marine, lakes, and paddy soil) and are also useful in energy-conserving nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment. PCR-based detection and quantification of anammox bacteria are an easy, essential, and widely accessible technique used ubiquitously for studying them in many environmental niches. In this article, we make a summary on practical applications of 16S rRNA and functional gene PCR primers, including hydrazine dehydrogenase (Hzo), nitrite reductase (NirS), hydrazine synthase (Hzs), and cytochrome c biogenesis proteins (Ccs) in detection of them. PCR primer performances in both practical applications and tests in silico are also presented for comparison. For detecting general and specific anammox bacterial groups, selection of appropriate PCR primers for different environmental samples and practical application guidance on choice of appropriate primer pairs for different purposes are also offered. This article provides practical information on selection and application of PCR technique in detection of anammox bacteria from the diverse environments to further promote convenient applications of this technique in research and other purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Zhou
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Toxicology, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaoyan Wei
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchun Yang
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Toxicology, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Li
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ji-Dong Gu
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Toxicology, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China.
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28
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The Zeolite-Anammox Treatment Process for Nitrogen Removal from Wastewater—A Review. WATER 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/w9110901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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29
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Zhang L, Narita Y, Gao L, Ali M, Oshiki M, Ishii S, Okabe S. Microbial competition among anammox bacteria in nitrite-limited bioreactors. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 125:249-258. [PMID: 28865374 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Phylogenetically diverse anammox bacteria have been detected in most of anoxic natural and engineered ecosystems and thus regarded as key players in the global nitrogen cycle. However, ecological niche differentiation of anammox bacteria remains unresolved despite its ecological and practical importance. In this study, the microbial competitions for a common substrate (nitrite) among three anammox species (i.e. "Candidatus Brocadia sinica", "Candidatus Jettenia caeni" and "Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis") were systematically investigated in nitrite-limited gel-immobilized column reactors (GICR) and membrane bioreactors (MBRs) under different nitrogen loading rates (NLRs). 16 S rRNA gene-based population dynamics revealed that "Ca. J. caeni" could proliferate only at low NLRs, whereas "Ca. B. sinica" outcompeted other two species at higher NLRs in both types of reactors. Furthermore, FISH analysis revealed that "Ca. J. caeni" was mainly present as spherical microclusters at the inner part (low NO2- environment), whereas "Ca. B. sinica" was present throughout the gel beads and granules. This spatial distribution supports the outcomes of the competition experiments. However, the successful competition of "Ca. J. caeni" at low NLR could not be explained with the Monod model probably due to inaccuracy of kinetic parameters such as half saturation constant (Ks) for nitrite and a difference in the maintenance rate (m). In addition, the growth of "Ca. K. stuttgartiensis" could not be observed in any experimental conditions, suggesting possible unknown factor(s) is missing. Taken together, NLR was one of factors determining ecological niche differentiation of "Ca. B. sinica" and "Ca. J. caeni".
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North 13, West 8, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Yuko Narita
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North 13, West 8, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Lin Gao
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North 13, West 8, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North 13, West 8, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan; Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mamoru Oshiki
- Department of Civil Engineering, Nagaoka National College of Technology, 888 Nishikatakaimachi, Nagaoka, Niigata, 940-0834, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ishii
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North 13, West 8, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan; Department of Soil, Water, and Climate, BioTechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, 140 Gortner Laboratory of BioChemistry, 1479 Gortner Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108-6106, USA
| | - Satoshi Okabe
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North 13, West 8, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan.
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30
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Effect of influent substrate ratio on anammox granular sludge: performance and kinetics. Biodegradation 2017; 28:437-452. [DOI: 10.1007/s10532-017-9807-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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31
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Mao N, Ren H, Geng J, Ding L, Xu K. Engineering application of anaerobic ammonium oxidation process in wastewater treatment. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 33:153. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-017-2313-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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32
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Guo Y, Liu S, Tang X, Yang F. Role of c-di-GMP in anammox aggregation and systematic analysis of its turnover protein in Candidatus Jettenia caeni. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 113:181-190. [PMID: 28214775 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process has been recognized as a promising sewage treatment approach. Considering the susceptibility, it is meaningful to study the behaviors of anammox bacteria under the unfavorable conditions. Here, we found that anammox bacteria more probably tended to aggregation by the regulation of c-di-GMP against the unfavorable environmental stresses (low temperature, aerobic condition and low pH). Further using multiple protein sequence alignment, we systematically examined the functionality of thirteen genes encoding putative c-di-GMP metabolic enzymes in anammox organism Candidatus Jettenia caeni, revealing most of the predicted enzymes were predicted to be active. Particularly, ectopic expression of jcaA, a gene encoding a protein with both GGDEF domain and EAL domain, suggested that it encoded a functional enzyme capable of both synthesizing and degrading c-di-GMP, which was clearly confirmed by in vitro enzymatic assays and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Furthermore, the catalytic mechanism was simulated by the means of three-dimensional homology modeling and molecular docking. The identification of c-di-GMP turnover and its role in granulation for anammox organism provides a new perspective for regulation of its aggregation capability and further promotion of anammox performance in the application of wastewater treatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, 100871, China; School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Sitong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, 100871, China; School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Xi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Fenglin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
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33
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Yapsakli K, Aktan CK, Mertoglu B. Anammox-zeolite system acting as buffer to achieve stable effluent nitrogen values. Biodegradation 2016; 28:69-79. [PMID: 27807679 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-016-9778-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
For a successful nitrogen removal, Anammox process needs to be established in line with a stable partial nitritation pretreatment unit since wastewater influent is mostly unsuitable for direct treatment by Anammox. Partial nitritation is, however, a critical bottleneck for the nitrogen removal since it is often difficult to maintain the right proportions of NO2-N and NH4-N during long periods of time for Anammox process. This study investigated the potential of Anammox-zeolite biofilter to buffer inequalities in nitrite and ammonium nitrogen in the influent feed. Anammox-zeolite biofilter combines the ion-exchange property of zeolite with the biological removal by Anammox process. Continuous-flow biofilter was operated for 570 days to test the response of Anammox-zeolite system for irregular ammonium and nitrite nitrogen entries. The reactor demonstrated stable and high nitrogen removal efficiencies (approximately 95 %) even when the influent NO2-N to NH4-N ratios were far from the stoichiometric ratio for Anammox reaction (i.e. NO2-N to NH4-N ranging from 0 to infinity). This is achieved by the sorption of surplus NH4-N by zeolite particles in case ammonium rich influent came in excess with respect to Anammox stoichiometry. Similarly, when ammonium-poor influent is fed to the reactor, ammonium desorption took place due to shifts in ion-exchange equilibrium and deficient amount were supplied by previously sorbed NH4-N. Here, zeolite acted as a preserving reservoir of ammonium where both sorption and desorption took place when needed and this caused the Anammox-zeolite system to act as a buffer system to generate a stable effluent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kozet Yapsakli
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, Goztepe, 34722, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Cigdem Kalkan Aktan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, Goztepe, 34722, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bulent Mertoglu
- Department of Bioengineering, Marmara University, Goztepe, 34722, Istanbul, Turkey
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34
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Wang Y, Ma X, Zhou S, Lin X, Ma B, Park HD, Yan Y. Expression of the nirS, hzsA, and hdh Genes in Response to Nitrite Shock and Recovery in Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:6940-6947. [PMID: 27233005 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b00546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis were subjected to distinct nitrite shocks (66 (control), 200, 300, 400, and 500 mg N/L), and the responses of mRNA levels of cytochrome cd1 nitrite/nitric oxide oxidoreductase (nirS), hydrazine synthase (hzsA), and hydrazine dehydrogenase (hdh) were assessed. Changes in the hydrazine dehydrogenase (HDH) protein level were monitored. At 200 mg NO2(-)-N/L, the normalized specific anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing activity (nSAA) slightly increased relative to the control despite a significant decrease in nirS, hzsA, and hdh mRNA levels. When nitrite increased to 300 and 400 mg N/L, increased nirS, hzsA, and hdh mRNA levels were observed, but the nSAA decreased, relative to the 200 mg NO2(-)-N/L exposure. HDH protein detection revealed that Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis attempted to yield high enzyme levels by stimulating mRNA synthesis to resist the nitrite-induced stress. On 500 mg NO2(-)-N/L shock, the nirS, hzsA, and hdh mRNA levels decreased, alongside decreased nSAA and HDH levels. Although the mRNA levels did not always coincide with activities, our findings advance understanding of the mechanisms that anammox bacteria use to cope with nitrite inhibition at the transcriptional and translational levels, which will improve the diagnostic accuracy of bioreactor failures when nitrite accumulation occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University , Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University , Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University , Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Ximao Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University , Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Bin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology , Beijing 100124, P. R. China
| | - Hee-Deung Park
- School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University , Anam-Dong, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul 136-713, South Korea
| | - Yuan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University , Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
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35
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Jin Y, Wang D, Zhang W. Effects of substrates on N2O emissions in an anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) reactor. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:741. [PMID: 27376009 PMCID: PMC4909664 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-2392-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
N2O emission in the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process is of growing concern. In this study, effects of substrate concentrations on N2O emissions were investigated in an anammox reactor. Extremely high N2O emissions of 1.67 % were led by high NH4-N concentrations. Results showed that N2O emissions have a positive correlation with NH4-N concentrations in the anammox reactor. Reducing NH4-N concentrations by recycling pump resulted in decreasing N2O emissions. In addition, further studies were performed to identify a key biological process that is contributed to N2O emissions from the anammox reactor. Based on the results obtained, Nitrosomonas, which can oxidize ammonia to nitrite, was deemed as the main sources of N2O emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Jin
- />Guangxi Key Laboratory of New Energy and Building Energy Saving, College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Guilin University of Technology, 12, Jiangan Road, Guilin, 541004 China
| | - Dunqiu Wang
- />Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004 China
- />Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004 China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- />Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004 China
- />Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004 China
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36
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Kallistova AY, Dorofeev AG, Nikolaev YA, Kozlov MN, Kevbrina MV, Pimenov NV. Role of anammox bacteria in removal of nitrogen compounds from wastewater. Microbiology (Reading) 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261716020089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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37
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De Prá MC, Kunz A, Bortoli M, Scussiato LA, Coldebella A, Vanotti M, Soares HM. Kinetic models for nitrogen inhibition in ANAMMOX and nitrification process on deammonification system at room temperature. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 202:33-41. [PMID: 26700756 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study were fitted the best kinetic model for nitrogen removal inhibition by ammonium and/or nitrite in three different nitrogen removal systems operated at 25 °C: a nitrifying system (NF) containing only ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB), an ANAMMOX system (AMX) containing only ANAMMOX bacteria, and a deammonification system (DMX) containing both AOB and ANAMMOX bacteria. NF system showed inhibition by ammonium and was best described by Andrews model. The AMX system showed a strong inhibition by nitrite and Edwards model presented a best system representation. For DMX system, the increased substrate concentration (until 1060 mg NH3-N/L) tested was not limiting for the ammonia consumption rate and the Monod model was the best model to describe this process. The AOB and ANAMMOX sludges combined in the DMX system displayed a better activity, substrate affinity and excellent substrate tolerance than in nitrifying and ANAMMOX process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina C De Prá
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Airton Kunz
- Embrapa Swine and Poultry, Concórdia, SC, Brazil; Department of Agricultural Engineering, PGEAGRI/CCET-UNIOESTE, Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Bortoli
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brazil
| | - Lucas A Scussiato
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, PGEAGRI/CCET-UNIOESTE, Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Matias Vanotti
- USDA-ARS, Coastal Plains Soil, Water and Plant Research Center, 29501 Florence, SC, USA
| | - Hugo M Soares
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Oshiki M, Satoh H, Okabe S. Ecology and physiology of anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria. Environ Microbiol 2016; 18:2784-96. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.13134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Revised: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mamoru Oshiki
- Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of Technology Nagaoka College 888 Nishikatakaimachi Nagaoka Niigata 940‐0834 Japan
| | - Hisashi Satoh
- Division of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering Hokkaido University North 13, West‐8 Sapporo Hokkaido 060‐8628 Japan
| | - Satoshi Okabe
- Division of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering Hokkaido University North 13, West‐8 Sapporo Hokkaido 060‐8628 Japan
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39
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Wang S, Hong Y, Wu J, Xu XR, Bin L, Pan Y, Guan F, Wen J. Comparative analysis of two 16S rRNA gene-based PCR primer sets provides insight into the diversity distribution patterns of anammox bacteria in different environments. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:8163-76. [PMID: 26231134 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6814-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Due to the high divergence among 16S rRNA genes of anammox bacteria, different diversity pattern of the community could be resulted from using different primer set. In this study, the efficiencies and specificities of two commonly used sets, Amx368F/Amx820R and Brod541F/Amx820R, were evaluated by exploring the diversity characteristics of anammox bacteria in sediments from marine, estuary, and freshwater wetland. Statistical analysis indicated that the base mispairing rate between bases on 16S rRNA gene sequences retrieved by Amx368F/Amx820R and their corresponding ones on primer Brod541F was quite high, suggesting the different efficiency and specificity of Amx368F/Amx820R and Brod541F/Amx820R. Further experimental results demonstrated that multiple genera of anammox bacteria, including Ca. Scalindua, Ca. Brocadia, and Ca. Kuenenia, were able to be detected by Amx368F/Amx820R, but only Ca. Scalindua could be retrieved by Brod541F/Amx820R. Moreover, the phylogenetic clusters of Ca. Scalindua by Amx368F/Amx820R were different completely from those by Brod541F/Amx820R, presenting a significant complementary effect. By joint application of these two primer sets, the diversity distribution patterns of anammox bacteria in different environments were analyzed. Almost all retrieved sequences from marine sediments belonged to Ca. Scalindua. Sequences from freshwater wetland were affiliated to Ca. Brocadia and two new clusters, while high diversity of anammox bacteria was found in estuary, including Ca. Scalindua, Ca. Brocadia, and Ca. Kuenenia, corresponding to the river-sea intersection environmental feature. In total, these two prime sets have different characteristic for anammox bacteria detecting from environmental samples, and their combined application could achieve better diversity display of anammox community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuailong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, People's Republic of China
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40
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González-Blanco G, Cervantes FJ, Beristain-Cardoso R, Gómez J. Concurrence of Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation and Organotrophic Denitrification in Presence of p-Cresol. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 176:2120-30. [PMID: 26062920 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1702-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study was carried out to evaluate the capacity of anaerobic granular sludge for oxidizing ammonium and p-cresol with nitrate as terminal electron acceptor. Kinetics for the anaerobic oxidation of ammonium and p-cresol is described in this paper. The phenolic compound was very efficiently consumed, achieving 65 % of mineralization. Ammonium and nitrate were also consumed at 83 and 92 %, respectively, being the main product N2. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation was promoted owing to accumulation of nitrite, and it allowed the synergy of anaerobic ammonium oxidation and organotrophic denitrification for the simultaneous removal of ammonium, nitrate, and p-cresol. A carbonaceous intermediate partially identified was transiently accumulated, and it transitorily truncated the respiratory process of denitrification. These experimental results might be considered for defining strategies in order to remove nitrate, ammonium, and phenolic compounds from wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- G González-Blanco
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Iztapalapa, DF, Mexico
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41
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Mattei M, Frunzo L, D’Acunto B, Esposito G, Pirozzi F. Modelling microbial population dynamics in multispecies biofilms including Anammox bacteria. Ecol Modell 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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42
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Shibata H, Branquinho C, McDowell WH, Mitchell MJ, Monteith DT, Tang J, Arvola L, Cruz C, Cusack DF, Halada L, Kopáček J, Máguas C, Sajidu S, Schubert H, Tokuchi N, Záhora J. Consequence of altered nitrogen cycles in the coupled human and ecological system under changing climate: The need for long-term and site-based research. AMBIO 2015; 44:178-93. [PMID: 25037589 PMCID: PMC4357624 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-014-0545-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Revised: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenically derived nitrogen (N) has a central role in global environmental changes, including climate change, biodiversity loss, air pollution, greenhouse gas emission, water pollution, as well as food production and human health. Current understanding of the biogeochemical processes that govern the N cycle in coupled human-ecological systems around the globe is drawn largely from the long-term ecological monitoring and experimental studies. Here, we review spatial and temporal patterns and trends in reactive N emissions, and the interactions between N and other important elements that dictate their delivery from terrestrial to aquatic ecosystems, and the impacts of N on biodiversity and human society. Integrated international and long-term collaborative studies covering research gaps will reduce uncertainties and promote further understanding of the nitrogen cycle in various ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Shibata
- />Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Kita-9, Nishi-9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0809 Japan
| | - Cristina Branquinho
- />Centro de Biologia Ambiental, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Bloco C2, 5° Piso, sala 37, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - William H. McDowell
- />Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of New Hampshire, 56 College Rd., Durham, NH 03824 USA
| | - Myron J. Mitchell
- />College of Environmental Science and Forestry, State University of New York, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA
| | - Don T. Monteith
- />NERC Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster, LA1 4AP UK
| | - Jianwu Tang
- />Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, 7 MBL St., Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA
| | - Lauri Arvola
- />Lammi Biological Station, University of Helsinki, Pääjärventie 320, 16900 Lammi, Finland
| | - Cristina Cruz
- />Centro de Biologia Ambiental, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Bloco C2, 5° Piso, sala 37, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Daniela F. Cusack
- />Department of Geography, University of California - Los Angeles, 1255 Bunche Hall, Box 951524, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Lubos Halada
- />Institute of Landscape Ecology SAS, Branch Nitra, Akademicka 2, POB 22, 949 10 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Jiří Kopáček
- />Institute of Hydrobiology, Biology Centre ASCR, Na Sádkách 7, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Cristina Máguas
- />Center for Environmental Biology, SIIAF - Stable Isotopes and Instrumental Analysis Facility, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Bloco C2, 5° Piso, sala 12, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Samson Sajidu
- />Chemistry Department, Chancellor College, University of Malawi, P.O Box 280, Zomba, Malawi
| | - Hendrik Schubert
- />Institut für Biowissenschaften, Lehrstuhl Ökologie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einsteinstraße 3, 18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - Naoko Tokuchi
- />Field Science Education and Research Center, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Kyoto, 606-8502 Japan
| | - Jaroslav Záhora
- />Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1/1665, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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43
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Liu Y, Ni BJ. Appropriate Fe (II) addition significantly enhances anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) activity through improving the bacterial growth rate. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8204. [PMID: 25644239 PMCID: PMC4316192 DOI: 10.1038/srep08204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) process is often limited by the slow growth rate of Anammox bacteria. As the essential substrate element that required for culturing Anammox sludge, Fe (II) is expected to affect Anammox bacterial growth. This work systematically studied the effects of Fe (II) addition on Anammox activity based on the kinetic analysis of specific growth rate using data from batch tests with an enriched Anammox sludge at different dosing levels. Results clearly demonstrated that appropriate Fe (II) dosing (i.e., 0.09 mM) significantly enhanced the specific Anammox growth rate up to 0.172 d(-1) compared to 0.118 d(-1) at regular Fe (II) level (0.03 mM). The relationship between Fe (II) concentration and specific Anammox growth rate was found to be well described by typical substrate inhibition kinetics, which was integrated into currently well-established Anammox model to describe the enhanced Anammox growth with Fe (II) addition. The validity of the integrated Anammox model was verified using long-term experimental data from three independent Anammox reactors with different Fe (II) dosing levels. This Fe (II)-based approach could be potentially implemented to enhance the process rate for possible mainstream application of Anammox technology, in order for an energy autarchic wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Liu
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Bing-Jie Ni
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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Abbas G, Zhang M, Li W, Zhang J, Zheng P. Performance stability of a lab-scale internal-loop airlift bio-particle reactor under substrate concentration shocks for simultaneous partial nitrification and anaerobic ammonia oxidation. Sep Purif Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2014.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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45
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Ren LF, Ni SQ, Liu C, Liang S, Zhang B, Kong Q, Guo N. Effect of zero-valent iron on the start-up performance of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:2925-34. [PMID: 25226835 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3553-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The long start-up time of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process hinders the widespread application of anammox technology in practical wastewater treatment when anammox seed sludge is not available. Meanwhile, the production of nitrate cannot meet the increasingly more strict discharge standards. To combine the chemical nitrate reduction to ammonium with biological nitrogen removal, two anammox upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors packed with different types of zero-valent iron (ZVI), microscale ZVI (mZVI) and nanoscale ZVI (nZVI), were developed to accelerate the start-up of anammox process. The results revealed that anammox start-up time shortened from 126 to 105 and 84 days with the addition of mZVI and nZVI. The nitrogen removal performance was also improved remarkably by adding ZVI, especially in the start-up stage. The value of dissolved oxygen showed that ZVI could be regarded as a useful deoxidant to create anaerobic condition for the proliferation of anammox bacteria. ZVI was favorable for the secretion of EPS, which would represent the activity of anammox bacteria. The result of real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) further confirmed that the proliferation of anammox bacteria was enhanced by ZVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Fei Ren
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, 27 ShandaNanlu, Jinan, 250100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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46
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Ren LF, Liang S, Ngo HH, Guo W, Ni SQ, Liu C, Zhao YK, Hira D. Enhancement of anammox performance in a novel non-woven fabric membrane bioreactor (nMBR). RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra16802c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
As well as a membrane separator, a non-woven fabric module could be employed as a biomass carrier to enhance microorganism proliferation and nitrogen removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Fei Ren
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100
- PR China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100
- PR China
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering
- University of Technology Sydney
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Wenshan Guo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering
- University of Technology Sydney
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Shou-Qing Ni
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100
- PR China
| | - Cui Liu
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics
- Texas Tech University
- Lubbock
- USA
| | - Yuan-Kun Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100
- PR China
| | - Daisuke Hira
- Department of Applied Life Science
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Life Science
- Sojo University
- Kumamoto 860-0082
- Japan
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47
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Ali M, Oshiki M, Awata T, Isobe K, Kimura Z, Yoshikawa H, Hira D, Kindaichi T, Satoh H, Fujii T, Okabe S. Physiological characterization of anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacterium 'Candidatus Jettenia caeni'. Environ Microbiol 2014; 17:2172-89. [PMID: 25367004 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.12674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2014] [Revised: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
To date, six candidate genera of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria have been identified, and numerous studies have been conducted to understand their ecophysiology. In this study, we examined the physiological characteristics of an anammox bacterium in the genus 'Candidatus Jettenia'. Planctomycete KSU-1 was found to be a mesophilic (20-42.5°C) and neutrophilic (pH 6.5-8.5) bacterium with a maximum growth rate of 0.0020 h(-1) . Planctomycete KSU-1 cells showed typical physiological and structural features of anammox bacteria; i.e. (29) N2 gas production by coupling of (15) NH4 (+) and (14) NO2 (-) , accumulation of hydrazine with the consumption of hydroxylamine and the presence of anammoxosome. In addition, the cells were capable of respiratory ammonification with oxidation of acetate. Notably, the cells contained menaquinone-7 as a dominant respiratory quinone. Proteomic analysis was performed to examine underlying core metabolisms, and high expressions of hydrazine synthase, hydrazine dehydrogenase, hydroxylamine dehydrogenase, nitrite/nitrate oxidoreductase and carbon monoxide dehydrogenase/acetyl-CoA synthase were detected. These proteins require iron or copper as a metal cofactor, and both were dominant in planctomycete KSU-1 cells. On the basis of these experimental results, we proposed the name 'Ca. Jettenia caeni' sp. nov. for the bacterial clade of the planctomycete KSU-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ali
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North-13, West-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Mamoru Oshiki
- Department of Civil Engineering, Nagaoka National College of Technology, 888 Nishikatakaimachi, Nagaoka, Niigata, 940-0834, Japan
| | - Takanori Awata
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan
| | - Kazuo Isobe
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Science, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Zenichiro Kimura
- Biomass Refinery Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 3-11-32, Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Yoshikawa
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North-13, West-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hira
- Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Biotechnology and Life Science, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Kumamoto, 860-0082, Japan
| | - Tomonori Kindaichi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan
| | - Hisashi Satoh
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North-13, West-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Takao Fujii
- Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Biotechnology and Life Science, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Kumamoto, 860-0082, Japan
| | - Satoshi Okabe
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North-13, West-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan
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48
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Jasper JT, Jones ZL, Sharp JO, Sedlak DL. Nitrate removal in shallow, open-water treatment wetlands. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:11512-11520. [PMID: 25208126 DOI: 10.1021/es502785t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The diffuse biomat formed on the bottom of shallow, open-water unit process wetland cells contains suboxic zones that provide conditions conducive to NO3(-) removal via microbial denitrification, as well as anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox). To assess these processes, nitrogen cycling was evaluated over a 3-year period in a pilot-scale wetland cell receiving nitrified municipal wastewater effluent. NO3(-) removal varied seasonally, with approximately two-thirds of the NO3(-) entering the cell removed on an annual basis. Microcosm studies indicated that NO3(-) removal was mainly attributable to denitrification within the diffuse biomat (i.e., 80 ± 20%), with accretion of assimilated nitrogen accounting for less than 3% of the NO3(-) removed. The importance of denitrification to NO3(-) removal was supported by the presence of denitrifying genes (nirS and nirK) within the biomat. While modest when compared to the presence of denitrifying genes, a higher abundance of the anammox-specific gene hydrazine synthase (hzs) at the biomat bottom than at the biomat surface, the simultaneous presence of NH4(+) and NO3(-) within the biomat, and NH4(+) removal coupled to NO2(-) and NO3(-) removal in microcosm studies, suggested that anammox may have been responsible for some NO3(-) removal, following reduction of NO3(-) to NO2(-) within the biomat. The annual temperature-corrected areal first-order NO3(-) removal rate (k20 = 59.4 ± 6.2 m yr(-1)) was higher than values reported for more than 75% of vegetated wetlands that treated water in which NO3(-) was the primary nitrogen species (e.g., nitrified secondary wastewater effluent and agricultural runoff). The inclusion of open-water cells, originally designed for the removal of trace organic contaminants and pathogens, in unit-process wetlands may enhance NO3(-) removal as compared to existing vegetated wetland systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin T Jasper
- ReNUWIt Engineering Research Center ‡Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of California at Berkeley Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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49
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Chen H, Ma C, Yang GF, Wang HZ, Yu ZM, Jin RC. Floatation of flocculent and granular sludge in a high-loaded anammox reactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 169:409-415. [PMID: 25069095 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.06.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2014] [Revised: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The floatation of flocculent and granular sludge was investigated in this study. An anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor was operated for 665 days. During this time, the maximum nitrogen removal rate was 52.6 kg Nm(-3) d(-1). Floccule floatation occurred between days 100 and 140, which potentially resulted from the sudden increase in gas yield and the poor settling ability of the floccules. Increasing the shear rate from 0.084 to 0.135 s(-1) was effective at eliminating floccule floatation. In addition, granule floatation occurred between days 572 and 665, which likely resulted from the formation of hollows within the granules. Floatation may be effectively prevented by maintaining a shear rate of more than 0.778 s(-1). Furthermore, the mechanisms of granule floatation and the floatation processes were proposed. Overall, controlling the shear force may effectively overcome sludge floatation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Chun Ma
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Guang-Feng Yang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Hui-Zhong Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Yu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Ren-Cun Jin
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China.
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50
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Sonthiphand P, Hall MW, Neufeld JD. Biogeography of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria. Front Microbiol 2014; 5:399. [PMID: 25147546 PMCID: PMC4123730 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria are able to oxidize ammonia and reduce nitrite to produce N2 gas. After being discovered in a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), anammox bacteria were subsequently characterized in natural environments, including marine, estuary, freshwater, and terrestrial habitats. Although anammox bacteria play an important role in removing fixed N from both engineered and natural ecosystems, broad scale anammox bacterial distributions have not yet been summarized. The objectives of this study were to explore global distributions and diversity of anammox bacteria and to identify factors that influence their biogeography. Over 6000 anammox 16S rRNA gene sequences from the public database were analyzed in this current study. Data ordinations indicated that salinity was an important factor governing anammox bacterial distributions, with distinct populations inhabiting natural and engineered ecosystems. Gene phylogenies and rarefaction analysis demonstrated that freshwater environments and the marine water column harbored the highest and the lowest diversity of anammox bacteria, respectively. Co-occurrence network analysis indicated that Ca. Scalindua strongly connected with other Ca. Scalindua taxa, whereas Ca. Brocadia co-occurred with taxa from both known and unknown anammox genera. Our survey provides a better understanding of ecological factors affecting anammox bacterial distributions and provides a comprehensive baseline for understanding the relationships among anammox communities in global environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael W Hall
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Josh D Neufeld
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo Waterloo, ON, Canada
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