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Tam LM, Rand MD. Review: myogenic and muscle toxicity targets of environmental methylmercury exposure. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:1645-1658. [PMID: 38546836 PMCID: PMC11105986 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03724-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
A number of environmental toxicants are noted for their activity that leads to declined motor function. However, the role of muscle as a proximal toxicity target organ for environmental agents has received considerably less attention than the toxicity targets in the nervous system. Nonetheless, the effects of conventional neurotoxicants on processes of myogenesis and muscle maintenance are beginning to resolve a concerted role of muscle as a susceptible toxicity target. A large body of evidence from epidemiological, animal, and in vitro studies has established that methylmercury (MeHg) is a potent developmental toxicant, with the nervous system being a preferred target. Despite its well-recognized status as a neurotoxicant, there is accumulating evidence that MeHg also targets muscle and neuromuscular development as well as contributes to the etiology of motor defects with prenatal MeHg exposure. Here, we summarize evidence for targets of MeHg in the morphogenesis and maintenance of skeletal muscle that reveal effects on MeHg distribution, myogenesis, myotube formation, myotendinous junction formation, neuromuscular junction formation, and satellite cell-mediated muscle repair. We briefly recapitulate the molecular and cellular mechanisms of skeletal muscle development and highlight the pragmatic role of alternative model organisms, Drosophila and zebrafish, in delineating the molecular underpinnings of muscle development and MeHg-mediated myotoxicity. Finally, we discuss how toxicity targets in muscle development may inform the developmental origins of health and disease theory to explain the etiology of environmentally induced adult motor deficits and accelerated decline in muscle fitness with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lok Ming Tam
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
| | - Matthew D Rand
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
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2
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Kolonay DW, Sattler KM, Strawser C, Rafael-Fortney J, Mihaylova MM, Miller KE, Lepper C, Baskin KK. Temporal regulation of the Mediator complex during muscle proliferation, differentiation, regeneration, aging, and disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1331563. [PMID: 38690566 PMCID: PMC11058648 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1331563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Genesis of skeletal muscle relies on the differentiation and fusion of mono-nucleated muscle progenitor cells into the multi-nucleated muscle fiber syncytium. The temporally-controlled cellular and morphogenetic changes underlying this process are initiated by a series of highly coordinated transcription programs. At the core, the myogenic differentiation cascade is driven by muscle-specific transcription factors, i.e., the Myogenic Regulatory Factors (MRFs). Despite extensive knowledge on the function of individual MRFs, very little is known about how they are coordinated. Ultimately, highly specific coordination of these transcription programs is critical for their masterfully timed transitions, which in turn facilitates the intricate generation of skeletal muscle fibers from a naïve pool of progenitor cells. The Mediator complex links basal transcriptional machinery and transcription factors to regulate transcription and could be the integral component that coordinates transcription factor function during muscle differentiation, growth, and maturation. In this study, we systematically deciphered the changes in Mediator complex subunit expression in skeletal muscle development, regeneration, aging, and disease. We incorporated our in vitro and in vivo experimental results with analysis of publicly available RNA-seq and single nuclei RNA-seq datasets and uncovered the regulation of Mediator subunits in different physiological and temporal contexts. Our experimental results revealed that Mediator subunit expression during myogenesis is highly dynamic. We also discovered unique temporal patterns of Mediator expression in muscle stem cells after injury and during the early regeneration period, suggesting that Mediator subunits may have unique contributions to directing muscle stem cell fate. Although we observed few changes in Mediator subunit expression in aging muscles compared to younger muscles, we uncovered extensive heterogeneity of Mediator subunit expression in dystrophic muscle nuclei, characteristic of chronic muscle degeneration and regeneration cycles. Taken together, our study provides a glimpse of the complex regulation of Mediator subunit expression in the skeletal muscle cell lineage and serves as a springboard for mechanistic studies into the function of individual Mediator subunits in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic W. Kolonay
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Kristina M. Sattler
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Corinne Strawser
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Jill Rafael-Fortney
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Maria M. Mihaylova
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Katherine E. Miller
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Christoph Lepper
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Kedryn K. Baskin
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
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3
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Nguyen TH, Limpens M, Bouhmidi S, Paprzycki L, Legrand A, Declèves AE, Heher P, Belayew A, Banerji CRS, Zammit PS, Tassin A. The DUX4-HIF1α Axis in Murine and Human Muscle Cells: A Link More Complex Than Expected. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3327. [PMID: 38542301 PMCID: PMC10969790 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25063327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
FacioScapuloHumeral muscular Dystrophy (FSHD) is one of the most prevalent inherited muscle disorders and is linked to the inappropriate expression of the DUX4 transcription factor in skeletal muscles. The deregulated molecular network causing FSHD muscle dysfunction and pathology is not well understood. It has been shown that the hypoxia response factor HIF1α is critically disturbed in FSHD and has a major role in DUX4-induced cell death. In this study, we further explored the relationship between DUX4 and HIF1α. We found that the DUX4 and HIF1α link differed according to the stage of myogenic differentiation and was conserved between human and mouse muscle. Furthermore, we found that HIF1α knockdown in a mouse model of DUX4 local expression exacerbated DUX4-mediated muscle fibrosis. Our data indicate that the suggested role of HIF1α in DUX4 toxicity is complex and that targeting HIF1α might be challenging in the context of FSHD therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy-Hang Nguyen
- Laboratory of Respiratory Physiology, Pathophysiology and Rehabilitation, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Maelle Limpens
- Laboratory of Respiratory Physiology, Pathophysiology and Rehabilitation, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Sihame Bouhmidi
- Laboratory of Respiratory Physiology, Pathophysiology and Rehabilitation, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Lise Paprzycki
- Laboratory of Respiratory Physiology, Pathophysiology and Rehabilitation, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Alexandre Legrand
- Laboratory of Respiratory Physiology, Pathophysiology and Rehabilitation, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Anne-Emilie Declèves
- Department of Metabolic and Molecular Biochemistry, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Philipp Heher
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College London, Guy’s Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Alexandra Belayew
- Laboratory of Respiratory Physiology, Pathophysiology and Rehabilitation, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Christopher R. S. Banerji
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College London, Guy’s Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
- The Alan Turing Institute, The British Library, London NW1 2DB, UK
| | - Peter S. Zammit
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College London, Guy’s Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Alexandra Tassin
- Laboratory of Respiratory Physiology, Pathophysiology and Rehabilitation, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
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Miretti S, Manenti I, Toschi P, Macchi E, Martignani E, Accornero P, Baratta M. Bovine Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cells: Isolation, Growth, and Differentiation. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2749:165-174. [PMID: 38133783 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3609-1_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle in cattle occupies a large part of the animal's body mass and develops into an important source of nutrients for human nutrition. Recently, the attention on bovine myogenic cells is increased to develop strategies of cultured in vitro meat as an alternative food source, more sustainable, ethical, and healthy than traditional meat production. At present, investigating the proliferation and differentiation of bovine skeletal muscle myogenic cells in vitro maintains its importance in the study of the mechanisms underlying the physiological and pathological events affecting the skeletal muscle, but it is of particular interest in animal husbandry and the food industry fields.In cell-based biological research, cell lines are one of the favored experimental tools because a population of cells could proliferate indefinitely in vitro under different stimuli, but they are limited to addressing the relevant biological properties of a cell population. On the other hand, primary cells from normal animal tissues undergo a limited number of divisions in vitro before they enter senescence but preserve their original characteristics and functions, and researchers can acquire the opportunity to study the individual donors and not just cells.In this chapter, we provide a basic protocol to isolate satellite cells from the skeletal muscle of cattle to obtain a good number of myogenic cells that can grow in in vitro conditions and undergo multiple rounds of cell division (myoblasts) before entering differentiation (myotubes). Furthermore, the robust expansion of these cells leads to the possibility to investigate physiological events or disorders related to the skeletal muscle tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Miretti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy.
| | - Isabella Manenti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Toschi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Macchi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Accornero
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Mario Baratta
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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Singh A, Singh SK, Kumar V, Gupta J, Kumar M, Sarma DK, Singh S, Kumawat M, Verma V. Derivation and Characterization of Novel Cytocompatible Decellularized Tissue Scaffold for Myoblast Growth and Differentiation. Cells 2023; 13:41. [PMID: 38201245 PMCID: PMC10778107 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The selection of an appropriate scaffold is imperative for the successful development of alternative animal protein in the form of cultured meat or lab-grown meat. Decellularized tissues have been suggested as a potential scaffold for cultured meat production owing to their capacity to support an optimal environment and niche conducive to cell proliferation and growth. This approach facilitates the systematic development of 3D tissues in the laboratory. Decellularized scaffold biomaterials have characteristics of high biocompatibility, biodegradation, and various bioactivities, which could potentially address the limitations associated with synthetic bio-scaffold materials. The present study involved the derivation and characterization of a decellularized scaffold from mushroom tissue following subsequent assessment of the scaffold's capacity to support myogenic differentiation. Mushroom sections were soaked in nuclease and detergent solution for 4 days. Furthermore, decellularization was confirmed by histology and DAPI staining, which showed the removal of cellular components and nuclei. Myoblast cells were seeded onto decellularized tissue, which exhibited excellent cytocompatibility and promoted myogenic growth and differentiation. The study's findings can serve as a foreground for the generation of an edible and natural scaffold for producing a safe and disease-free source of alternative animal protein, potentially reducing the burden on the health sector caused by conventional animal protein production and consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshuman Singh
- Stem Cell Research Centre, Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Suraj Kumar Singh
- Stem Cell Research Centre, Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB), Hyderabad 500032, India
| | - Jalaj Gupta
- Stem Cell Research Centre, Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- ICMR—National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal 462030, India (D.K.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Devojit Kumar Sarma
- ICMR—National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal 462030, India (D.K.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Samradhi Singh
- ICMR—National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal 462030, India (D.K.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Manoj Kumawat
- ICMR—National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal 462030, India (D.K.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Vinod Verma
- Stem Cell Research Centre, Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, India
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6
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Osana S, Kitajima Y, Naoki S, Murayama K, Takada H, Tabuchi A, Kano Y, Nagatomi R. The aminopeptidase LAP3 suppression accelerates myogenic differentiation via the AKT-TFE3 pathway in C2C12 myoblasts. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:2103-2119. [PMID: 37435895 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle maintenance depends largely on muscle stem cells (satellite cells) that supply myoblasts required for muscle regeneration and growth. The ubiquitin-proteasome system is the major intracellular protein degradation pathway. We previously reported that proteasome dysfunction in skeletal muscle significantly impairs muscle growth and development. Furthermore, the inhibition of aminopeptidase, a proteolytic enzyme that removes amino acids from the termini of peptides derived from proteasomal proteolysis, impairs the proliferation and differentiation ability of C2C12 myoblasts. However, no evidence has been reported on the role of aminopeptidases with different substrate specificities on myogenesis. In this study, therefore, we investigated whether the knockdown of aminopeptidases in differentiating C2C12 myoblasts affects myogenesis. The knockdown of the X-prolyl aminopeptidase 1, aspartyl aminopeptidase, leucyl-cystinyl aminopeptidase, methionyl aminopeptidase 1, methionyl aminopeptidase 2, puromycine-sensitive aminopeptidase, and arginyl aminopeptidase like 1 gene in C2C12 myoblasts resulted in defective myogenic differentiation. Surprisingly, the knockdown of leucine aminopeptidase 3 (LAP3) in C2C12 myoblasts promoted myogenic differentiation. We also found that suppression of LAP3 expression in C2C12 myoblasts resulted in the inhibition of proteasomal proteolysis, decreased intracellular branched-chain amino acid levels, and enhanced mTORC2-mediated AKT phosphorylation (S473). Furthermore, phosphorylated AKT induced the translocation of TFE3 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, promoting myogenic differentiation through increased expression of myogenin. Overall, our study highlights the association of aminopeptidases with myogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shion Osana
- Department of Sports and Medical Science, Kokushikan University, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Japan
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yasuo Kitajima
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Suzuki Naoki
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Murayama
- Division of Biomedical Measurements and Diagnostics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Takada
- Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health and Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ayaka Tabuchi
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kano
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Nagatomi
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health and Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, Japan
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7
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Liu W, Hao Z, Florkowski WJ, Wu L, Yang Z. A Review of the Challenges Facing Global Commercialization of the Artificial Meat Industry. Foods 2022; 11:3609. [PMID: 36429201 PMCID: PMC9689746 DOI: 10.3390/foods11223609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The sustained growth of global meat consumption incentivized the development of the meat substitute industry. However, long-term global commercialization of meat substitutes faces challenges that arise from technological innovation, limited consumer awareness, and an imperfect regulatory environment. Many important questions require urgent answers. This paper presents a review of issues affecting meat substitute manufacturing and marketing, and helps to bridge important gaps which appear in the literature. To date, global research on meat substitutes focuses mainly on technology enhancement, cost reduction, and commercialization with a few studies focused on a regulatory perspective. Furthermore, the studies on meat substitute effects on environmental pollution reduction, safety, and ethical risk perception are particularly important. A review of these trends leads to conclusions which anticipate the development of a much broader market for the meat substitute industry over the long term, the gradual discovery of solutions to technical obstacles, upgraded manufacturing, the persistent perception of ethical risk and its influence on consumer willingness to accept meat substitutes, and the urgent need for constructing an effective meat substitute regulatory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Liu
- College of Economics and Management, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai 201306, China
- Shanghai Social Survey Center, Shanghai Ocean University Branch, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Zhipeng Hao
- College of Economics and Management, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai 201306, China
- Shanghai Social Survey Center, Shanghai Ocean University Branch, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Wojciech J. Florkowski
- Department of Agricultural & Applied Economics, University of Georgia, 1109 Experiment Street, 212 Stuckey, Griffin, GA 30223-1797, USA
| | - Linhai Wu
- Institute of Food Safety Risk Management, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhengyong Yang
- College of Economics and Management, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai 201306, China
- Shanghai Social Survey Center, Shanghai Ocean University Branch, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai 201306, China
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8
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The Impact of Spermidine on C2C12 Myoblasts Proliferation, Redox Status and Polyamines Metabolism under H2O2 Exposure. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231910986. [PMID: 36232289 PMCID: PMC9569770 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231910986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A central feature of the skeletal muscle is its ability to regenerate through the activation, by environmental signals, of satellite cells. Once activated, these cells proliferate as myoblasts, and defects in this process profoundly affect the subsequent process of regeneration. High levels of reactive oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) with the consequent formation of oxidized macromolecules increase myoblasts’ cell death and strongly contribute to the loss of myoblast function. Recently, particular interest has turned towards the beneficial effects on muscle of the naturally occurring polyamine spermidine (Spd). In this work, we tested the hypothesis that Spd, upon oxidative challenge, would restore the compromised myoblasts’ viability and redox status. The effects of Spd in combination with aminoguanidine (Spd-AG), an inhibitor of bovine serum amine oxidase, on murine C2C12 myoblasts treated with a mild dose of H2O2 were evaluated by analyzing: (i) myoblast viability and recovery from wound scratch; (ii) redox status and (iii) polyamine (PAs) metabolism. The treatment of C2C12 myoblasts with Spd-AG increased cell number and accelerated scratch wound closure, while H2O2 exposure caused redox status imbalance and cell death. The combined treatment with Spd-AG showed an antioxidant effect on C2C12 myoblasts, partially restoring cellular total antioxidant capacity, reducing the oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratio and increasing cell viability through a reduction in cell death. Moreover, Spd-AG administration counteracted the induction of polyamine catabolic genes and PA content decreased due to H2O2 challenges. In conclusion, our data suggest that Spd treatment has a protective role in skeletal muscle cells by restoring redox balance and promoting recovery from wound scratches, thus making myoblasts able to better cope with an oxidative insult.
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9
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Cell alignment modulated by surface nano-topography - Roles of cell-matrix and cell-cell interactions. Acta Biomater 2022; 142:149-159. [PMID: 35124266 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.01.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The propensity of cells to align in particular directions is relevant to a number of areas, including tissue engineering and biohybrid robotics. Cell alignment is modulated through various extracellular conditions including surface topographies, mechanical cues from cell-matrix interactions, and cell-cell interactions. Understanding of these conditions provides guidance for desirable cellular structure constructions. In this study, we examine the roles of surface topographies and cell-cell interactions in inducing cell alignment. We employed wavy surface topographies at the nanometer scale as a model extracellular environment for cell culture. The results show that, within a certain range of wavelengths and amplitudes of the surface topographies, cell alignment is dependent on cell confluency. This dependence on both topology and confluency suggests interplay between cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions in inducing cell alignment. Images of sparsely distributed and confluent cells also demonstrated clear differences in the structures of their focal adhesion complexes. To understand this effect, we introduced anti-N-cadherin to cell culture to inhibit cell-cell interactions. The results show that, when anti-N-cadherin was applied, cells on wavy surfaces required greater confluency to achieve the same alignment compared to that in the absence of anti-N-cadherin. The understanding of the cell alignment mechanisms will be important in numerous potential applications such as scaffold design, tissue repair, and development of biohybrid robotic systems. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Cell alignment plays a critical role in numerous biological functions. Advances in tissue engineering utilizes cell alignment to restore, maintain, or even replace different types of biological tissues. The clinical impact that tissue engineering has made is facilitated by advancements in the understanding of interactions between scaffolds, biological factors, and cells. This work further elucidates the role of cell-cell interactions in promoting the organization of biological tissues.
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10
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Taylor DF, Bishop DJ. Transcription Factor Movement and Exercise-Induced Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Human Skeletal Muscle: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1517. [PMID: 35163441 PMCID: PMC8836245 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In response to exercise, the oxidative capacity of mitochondria within skeletal muscle increases through the coordinated expression of mitochondrial proteins in a process termed mitochondrial biogenesis. Controlling the expression of mitochondrial proteins are transcription factors-a group of proteins that regulate messenger RNA transcription from DNA in the nucleus and mitochondria. To fulfil other functions or to limit gene expression, transcription factors are often localised away from DNA to different subcellular compartments and undergo rapid movement or accumulation only when required. Although many transcription factors involved in exercise-induced mitochondrial biogenesis have been identified, numerous conflicting findings and gaps exist within our knowledge of their subcellular movement. This review aims to summarise and provide a critical analysis of the published literature regarding the exercise-induced movement of transcription factors involved in mitochondria biogenesis in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David J. Bishop
- Institute for Health and Sport (iHeS), Footscray Park, Victoria University, Melbourne 8001, Australia;
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11
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Hu LY, Mileti CJ, Loomis T, Brashear SE, Ahmad S, Chellakudam RR, Wohlgemuth RP, Gionet-Gonzales MA, Leach JK, Smith LR. Skeletal muscle progenitors are sensitive to collagen architectural features of fibril size and cross linking. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 321:C330-C342. [PMID: 34191625 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00065.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Muscle stem cells (MuSCs) are essential for the robust regenerative capacity of skeletal muscle. However, in fibrotic environments marked by abundant collagen and altered collagen organization, the regenerative capability of MuSCs is diminished. MuSCs are sensitive to their extracellular matrix environment but their response to collagen architecture is largely unknown. The present study aimed to systematically test the effect of underlying collagen structures on MuSC functions. Collagen hydrogels were engineered with varied architectures: collagen concentration, cross linking, fibril size, and fibril alignment, and the changes were validated with second harmonic generation imaging and rheology. Proliferation and differentiation responses of primary mouse MuSCs and immortal myoblasts (C2C12s) were assessed using EdU assays and immunolabeling skeletal muscle myosin expression, respectively. Changing collagen concentration and the corresponding hydrogel stiffness did not have a significant influence on MuSC proliferation or differentiation. However, MuSC differentiation on atelocollagen gels, which do not form mature pyridinoline cross links, was increased compared with the cross-linked control. In addition, MuSCs and C2C12 myoblasts showed greater differentiation on gels with smaller collagen fibrils. Proliferation rates of C2C12 myoblasts were also higher on gels with smaller collagen fibrils, whereas MuSCs did not show a significant difference. Surprisingly, collagen alignment did not have significant effects on muscle progenitor function. This study demonstrates that MuSCs are capable of sensing their underlying extracellular matrix (ECM) structures and enhancing differentiation on substrates with less collagen cross linking or smaller collagen fibrils. Thus, in fibrotic muscle, targeting cross linking and fibril size rather than collagen expression may more effectively support MuSC-based regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Ya Hu
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Cassidy J Mileti
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Taryn Loomis
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Sarah E Brashear
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Sarah Ahmad
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Rosemary R Chellakudam
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Ross P Wohlgemuth
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, California
| | | | - J Kent Leach
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Lucas R Smith
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, California.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of California, Davis, California
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12
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Shahin-Shamsabadi A, Selvaganapathy PR. π-SACS: pH Induced Self-Assembled Cell Sheets Without the Need for Modified Surfaces. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:5346-5356. [PMID: 33455283 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The ability to form tissue-like constructs that have high cell density with proper cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions is critical for many applications including tissue models for drug discovery and tissue regeneration. Newly emerging bioprinting methods sometimes lack the high cellular density needed to provide biophysical cues to orchestrate cellular behavior to recreate tissue architecture and function. Alternate methods using self-assembly can be used to create tissue-like constructs with high cellular density and well-defined microstructure in the form of spheroids, organoids, or cell sheets. Cell sheets have a particularly interesting architecture in the context of tissue regeneration and repair as they can be applied as patches to integrate with surrounding tissues. Until now, the preparation of these sheets has involved culturing on specialized substrates that can be triggered by temperature or phase change (hydrophobic to hydrophilic) to release cells growing on them and form sheets. Here a new technique is proposed that allows delamination of cells and secreted ECM and rapid self-assembly into a cell sheet using a simple pH trigger and without the need to use responsive surfaces or applying external stimuli such as electrical and magnetic fields, only with routine tissue culture plates. This technique can be used with cells that are capable of syncytialization and fusion such as skeletal muscle cells and placenta cells. Using C2C12 myoblast cells we show that the pH trigger induces a rapid delamination of the cells as a continuous layer that self-assembles into a thick dense sheet. The delamination process has little effect on cell viability and maturation and preserves the ECM components that allow sheets to adhere to each other within a short incubation time enabling formation of thicker constructs when multiple sheets are stacked (double- and quadruple-layer constructs are formed here). These thick grafts can be used for regeneration purposes or as in vitro models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - P Ravi Selvaganapathy
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Ontario L8S4K1, Canada.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, Ontario L8S4L7, Canada
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13
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Deshmukh DV, Pasquero N, Rathore G, Zvick J, Bar‐Nur O, Dual J, Tibbitt MW. Screening method to identify hydrogel formulations that facilitate myotube formation from encapsulated primary myoblasts. Bioeng Transl Med 2020; 5:e10181. [PMID: 33005743 PMCID: PMC7510461 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogel-based three-dimensional (3D) cellular models are attractive for bioengineering and pharmaceutical development as they can more closely resemble the cellular function of native tissue outside of the body. In general, these models are composed of tissue specific cells embedded within a support material, such as a hydrogel. As hydrogel properties directly affect cell function, hydrogel composition is often tailored to the cell type(s) of interest and the functional objective of the model. Here, we develop a parametric analysis and screening method to identify suitable encapsulation conditions for the formation of myotubes from primary murine myoblasts in methacryloyl gelatin (GelMA) hydrogels. The effect of the matrix properties on the myotube formation was investigated by varying GelMA weight percent (wt%, which controls gel modulus), cell density, and Matrigel concentration. Contractile myotubes form via myoblast fusion and are characterized by myosin heavy chain (MyHC) expression. To efficiently screen the gel formulations, we developed a fluorescence-based plate reader assay to quantify MyHC staining in the gel samples, as a metric of myotube formation. We observed that lower GelMA wt% resulted in increased MyHC staining (myotube formation). The cell density did not significantly affect MyHC staining, while the inclusion of Matrigel increased MyHC staining, however, a concentration dependent effect was not observed. These findings were supported by the observation of spontaneously contracting myotubes in samples selected in the initial screen. This work provides a method to rapidly screen hydrogel formulations for the development of 3D cellular models and provides specific guidance on the formulation of gels for myotube formation from primary murine myoblasts in 3D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhananjay V. Deshmukh
- Macromolecular Engineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Process EngineeringETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- Institue for Mechanical Systems, Department of Mechanical and Process EngineeringETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Nils Pasquero
- Macromolecular Engineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Process EngineeringETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Gajraj Rathore
- Macromolecular Engineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Process EngineeringETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Joel Zvick
- Laboratory of Regenerative and Movement Biology, Department of Health Sciences and TechnologyETH ZurichSchwerzenbachSwitzerland
| | - Ori Bar‐Nur
- Laboratory of Regenerative and Movement Biology, Department of Health Sciences and TechnologyETH ZurichSchwerzenbachSwitzerland
| | - Jurg Dual
- Institue for Mechanical Systems, Department of Mechanical and Process EngineeringETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Mark W. Tibbitt
- Macromolecular Engineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Process EngineeringETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
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14
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Baci D, Chirivì M, Pace V, Maiullari F, Milan M, Rampin A, Somma P, Presutti D, Garavelli S, Bruno A, Cannata S, Lanzuolo C, Gargioli C, Rizzi R, Bearzi C. Extracellular Vesicles from Skeletal Muscle Cells Efficiently Promote Myogenesis in Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061527. [PMID: 32585911 PMCID: PMC7349204 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent advances, offered by cell therapy in the regenerative medicine field, offer a revolutionary potential for the development of innovative cures to restore compromised physiological functions or organs. Adult myogenic precursors, such as myoblasts or satellite cells, possess a marked regenerative capacity, but the exploitation of this potential still encounters significant challenges in clinical application, due to low rate of proliferation in vitro, as well as a reduced self-renewal capacity. In this scenario, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can offer not only an inexhaustible source of cells for regenerative therapeutic approaches, but also a valuable alternative for in vitro modeling of patient-specific diseases. In this study we established a reliable protocol to induce the myogenic differentiation of iPSCs, generated from pericytes and fibroblasts, exploiting skeletal muscle-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs), in combination with chemically defined factors. This genetic integration-free approach generates functional skeletal myotubes maintaining the engraftment ability in vivo. Our results demonstrate evidence that EVs can act as biological "shuttles" to deliver specific bioactive molecules for a successful transgene-free differentiation offering new opportunities for disease modeling and regenerative approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisa Baci
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, 00015 Rome, Italy; (D.B.); (M.C.); (V.P.); (M.M.); (A.R.); (D.P.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Maila Chirivì
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, 00015 Rome, Italy; (D.B.); (M.C.); (V.P.); (M.M.); (A.R.); (D.P.)
| | - Valentina Pace
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, 00015 Rome, Italy; (D.B.); (M.C.); (V.P.); (M.M.); (A.R.); (D.P.)
| | | | - Marika Milan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, 00015 Rome, Italy; (D.B.); (M.C.); (V.P.); (M.M.); (A.R.); (D.P.)
| | - Andrea Rampin
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, 00015 Rome, Italy; (D.B.); (M.C.); (V.P.); (M.M.); (A.R.); (D.P.)
| | - Paolo Somma
- Flow Cytometry Core, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Milan, Italy;
| | - Dario Presutti
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, 00015 Rome, Italy; (D.B.); (M.C.); (V.P.); (M.M.); (A.R.); (D.P.)
| | - Silvia Garavelli
- Institute for Endocrinology and Oncology “Gaetano Salvatore”, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | | | - Stefano Cannata
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (S.C.); (C.G.)
| | - Chiara Lanzuolo
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, 20090 Milan, Italy;
- Fondazione Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Cesare Gargioli
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (S.C.); (C.G.)
| | - Roberto Rizzi
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, 20090 Milan, Italy;
- Fondazione Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (R.R.); (C.B.); Tel.: +39-02-0066-0230 (R.R.); +39-02-0066-0230 (C.B.)
| | - Claudia Bearzi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, 00015 Rome, Italy; (D.B.); (M.C.); (V.P.); (M.M.); (A.R.); (D.P.)
- Fondazione Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (R.R.); (C.B.); Tel.: +39-02-0066-0230 (R.R.); +39-02-0066-0230 (C.B.)
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15
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Ding R, Horie M, Nagasaka S, Ohsumi S, Shimizu K, Honda H, Nagamori E, Fujita H, Kawamoto T. Effect of cell-extracellular matrix interaction on myogenic characteristics and artificial skeletal muscle tissue. J Biosci Bioeng 2020; 130:98-105. [PMID: 32278672 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2020.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Although various types of artificial skeletal muscle tissue have been reported, the contractile forces generated by tissue-engineered artificial skeletal muscles remain to be improved for biological model and clinical applications. In this study, we investigated the effects of extracellular matrix (ECM) and supplementation of a small molecule, which has been reported to enhance α7β1 integrin expression (SU9516), on cell migration speed, cell fusion rate, myoblast (mouse C2C12 cells) differentiation and contractile force generation of tissue-engineered artificial skeletal muscles. When cells were cultured on varying ECM coated-surfaces, we observed significant enhancement in the migration speed, while the myotube formation (differentiation ratio) decreased in all except for cells cultured on Matrigel coated-surfaces. In contrast, SU9516 supplementation resulted in an increase in both the myotube width and differentiation ratio. Following combined culture with a Matrigel-coated surface and SU9516 supplementation, myotube width was further increased. Additionally, contractile forces produced by the tissue-engineered artificial skeletal muscles was augmented following combined culture. These findings indicate that regulation of the cell-ECM interaction is a promising approach to improve the function of tissue-engineered artificial skeletal muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Ding
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-Cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masanobu Horie
- Division of Biochemical Engineering, Radioisotope Research Center, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-Cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Sumire Nagasaka
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Saki Ohsumi
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Kazunori Shimizu
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Honda
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan; Innovative Research Center for Preventive Medical Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Eiji Nagamori
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Omiya, Asahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
| | - Hideaki Fujita
- WPI, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takuo Kawamoto
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-Cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Division of Biological Chemistry, Radioisotope Research Center, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-Cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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16
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Acosta FM, Jia UTA, Stojkova K, Pacelli S, Brey EM, Rathbone C. Divergent effects of myogenic differentiation and diabetes on the capacity for muscle precursor cell adipogenic differentiation in a fibrin matrix. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 526:21-28. [PMID: 32192775 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The development of ectopic adipose tissue in skeletal muscle is associated with several skeletal muscle and metabolic pathologies, including Type II Diabetes Mellitus. The adipogenic differentiation of muscle precursor cells (MPCs) has been postulated to occur in skeletal muscle in vivo in a three-dimensional (3-D) configuration; therefore, it is appropriate to investigate this phenomenon using 3-D matrices in vitro. The capacity for MPC adipogenic differentiation in a 3-D environment was investigated in fibrin hydrogels by treating MPCs derived from healthy or diabetic animals with adipogenic induction medias that differed in their ability to increase lipid accumulation and activate the expression of genes associated with adipogenic differentiation (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG), adiponectin (ADIPOQ), and fatty acid synthase (FAS)). The capacity for adipogenic differentiation was diminished, but not prevented, if myogenic differentiation preceded MPC exposure to adipogenic induction conditions. Conversely, adipogenic differentiation was greater in hydrogels containing MPCs from diabetic rats as compared to those derived from lean rats, as evidenced by an increase in lipid accumulation and adipogenic gene expression. Collectively, the data herein support a role for the MPCs in adipogenesis in a 3-D environment and that they may contribute to the ectopic accumulation of adipose tissue. The observation that the potential for adipogenic differentiation is maintained even after a period of myogenic differentiation alludes to the possibility that adipogenesis may occur during different phases of muscle development. Finally, the increase in adipogenic differentiation in hydrogels containing MPCs derived from diabetic animals provides strong evidence that a pathological environment in vivo increases their capacity for adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca M Acosta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA; UTSA-UTHSCSA Joint Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - U-Ter Aonda Jia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA; UTSA-UTHSCSA Joint Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Katerina Stojkova
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - Settimio Pacelli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - Eric M Brey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - Christopher Rathbone
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA.
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17
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Orellana N, Sánchez E, Benavente D, Prieto P, Enrione J, Acevedo CA. A New Edible Film to Produce In Vitro Meat. Foods 2020; 9:foods9020185. [PMID: 32069986 PMCID: PMC7073543 DOI: 10.3390/foods9020185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro meat is a novel concept of food science and biotechnology. Methods to produce in vitro meat employ muscle cells cultivated on a scaffold in a serum-free medium using a bioreactor. The microstructure of the scaffold is a key factor, because muscle cells must be oriented to generate parallel alignments of fibers. This work aimed to develop a new scaffold (microstructured film) to grow muscle fibers. The microstructured edible films were made using micromolding technology. A micromold was tailor-made using a laser cutting machine to obtain parallel fibers with a diameter in the range of 70-90 µm. Edible films were made by means of solvent casting using non-mammalian biopolymers. Myoblasts were cultured on flat and microstructured films at three cell densities. Cells on the microstructured films grew with a muscle fiber morphology, but in the case of using the flat film, they only produced unorganized cell proliferation. Myogenic markers were assessed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. After 14 days, the expression of desmin, myogenin, and myosin heavy chain were significantly higher in microstructured films compared to the flat films. The formation of fiber morphology and the high expression of myogenic markers indicated that a microstructured edible film can be used for the production of in vitro meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Orellana
- Centro de Biotecnología, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile; (N.O.); (E.S.)
| | - Elizabeth Sánchez
- Centro de Biotecnología, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile; (N.O.); (E.S.)
| | - Diego Benavente
- Departamento de Ingeniería en Diseño, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile; (D.B.); (P.P.)
| | - Pablo Prieto
- Departamento de Ingeniería en Diseño, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile; (D.B.); (P.P.)
| | - Javier Enrione
- Biopolymer Research and Engineering Lab, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Los Andes, Monseñor Álvaro del Portillo 12455, Las Condes, Santiago 7550000, Chile;
| | - Cristian A. Acevedo
- Centro de Biotecnología, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile; (N.O.); (E.S.)
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile
- Correspondence:
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18
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Mierzejewski B, Archacka K, Grabowska I, Florkowska A, Ciemerych MA, Brzoska E. Human and mouse skeletal muscle stem and progenitor cells in health and disease. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2020; 104:93-104. [PMID: 32005567 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The proper functioning of tissues and organs depends on their ability to self-renew and repair. Some of the tissues, like epithelia, renew almost constantly while in the others this process is induced by injury or diseases. The stem or progenitor cells responsible for tissue homeostasis have been identified in many organs. Some of them, such as hematopoietic or intestinal epithelium stem cells, are multipotent and can differentiate into various cell types. Others are unipotent. The skeletal muscle tissue does not self-renew spontaneously, however, it presents unique ability to regenerate in response to the injury or disease. Its repair almost exclusively relies on unipotent satellite cells. However, multiple lines of evidence document that some progenitor cells present in the muscle can be supportive for skeletal muscle regeneration. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on the complicated landscape of stem and progenitor cells that exist in skeletal muscle and support its regeneration. We compare the cells from two model organisms, i.e., mouse and human, documenting their similarities and differences and indicating methods to test their ability to undergo myogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Mierzejewski
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1St, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Archacka
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1St, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Grabowska
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1St, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anita Florkowska
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1St, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Anna Ciemerych
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1St, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Edyta Brzoska
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1St, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
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19
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Quero F, Quintro A, Orellana N, Opazo G, Mautner A, Jaque N, Valdebenito F, Flores M, Acevedo C. Production of Biocompatible Protein Functionalized Cellulose Membranes by a Top-Down Approach. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:5968-5978. [PMID: 33405719 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Protein functionalized cellulose fibrils were isolated from the tunic of Pyura chilensis and subsequently used to produce protein functionalized cellulose membranes. Bleached cellulose membranes were also obtained and used as reference material. FTIR and Raman spectroscopy demonstrated that the membranes are mostly constituted of cellulose along with the presence of residual proteins and pigments. Protein functionalized cellulose membranes were found to possess ∼3.1% of protein at their surface as measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis were used to identify and semiquantify the amount of residual sand grains present within the structure of the membranes. The presence of residual proteins was found not to significantly affect the tensile mechanical properties of the membranes. Streaming ζ-potential was used to assess surface charges of the membranes. Below pH 4, nonbleached cellulose membranes possessed highly negative surfaces charges and also significantly less negative surface charges at physiological pH when compared to bleached cellulose membranes. No significant difference was found with respect to growth kinetics of myoblasts at the surface of the membranes for cell culturing times of 48 and 72 h. After 48 h of culture, protein functionalized cellulose-based membranes that possess ∼3.1% of proteins at their surface (H1) were, however, found to promote higher cell density, cell spreading, and more orientated shape cell morphology when compared to the other cellulose-based membranes (H3 and B) evaluated in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck Quero
- Laboratorio de Nanocelulosa y Biomateriales, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Biotecnología y Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Avenida Beauchef 851, Santiago 8370456, Chile.,Millennium Nucleus on Smart Soft Mechanical Metamaterials, Avenida Beauchef 851, Santiago 8370456, Chile
| | - Abraham Quintro
- Laboratorio de Nanocelulosa y Biomateriales, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Biotecnología y Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Avenida Beauchef 851, Santiago 8370456, Chile
| | - Nicole Orellana
- Centro de Biotecnología "Dr. Daniel Alkalay Lowitt", Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2390123, Chile
| | - Genesis Opazo
- Laboratorio de Nanocelulosa y Biomateriales, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Biotecnología y Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Avenida Beauchef 851, Santiago 8370456, Chile
| | - Andreas Mautner
- Polymer and Composite Engineering (PaCE) Group, Institute of Materials Chemistry and Research, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Straße 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nestor Jaque
- Laboratorio de Nanocelulosa y Biomateriales, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Biotecnología y Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Avenida Beauchef 851, Santiago 8370456, Chile
| | - Fabiola Valdebenito
- Laboratorio de Nanocelulosa y Biomateriales, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Biotecnología y Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Avenida Beauchef 851, Santiago 8370456, Chile
| | - Marcos Flores
- Laboratorio de Superficies y Nanomateriales, Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Avenida Beauchef 850, Santiago 8370448, Chile
| | - Cristian Acevedo
- Centro de Biotecnología "Dr. Daniel Alkalay Lowitt", Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2390123, Chile.,Departamento de Física, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2390123, Chile
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20
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Calzia D, Ottaggio L, Cora A, Chiappori G, Cuccarolo P, Cappelli E, Izzotti A, Tavella S, Degan P. Characterization of C2C12 cells in simulated microgravity: Possible use for myoblast regeneration. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:3508-3518. [PMID: 31549411 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Muscle loss is a major problem for many in lifetime. Muscle and bone degeneration has also been observed in individuals exposed to microgravity and in unloading conditions. C2C12 myoblst cells are able to form myotubes, and myofibers and these cells have been employed for muscle regeneration purposes and in myogenic regeneration and transplantation studies. We exposed C2C12 cells in an random position machine to simulate microgravity and study the energy and the biochemical challenges associated with this treatment. Simulated microgravity exposed C2C12 cells maintain positive proliferation indices and delay the differentiation process for several days. On the other hand this treatment significantly alters many of the biochemical and the metabolic characteristics of the cell cultures including calcium homeostasis. Recent data have shown that these perturbations are due to the inhibition of the ryanodine receptors on the membranes of intracellular calcium stores. We were able to reverse this perturbations treating cells with thapsigargin which prevents the segregation of intracellular calcium ions in the mitochondria and in the sarco/endoplasmic reticula. Calcium homeostasis appear a key target of microgravity exposure. In conclusion, in this study we reported some of the effects induced by the exposure of C2C12 cell cultures to simulated microgravity. The promising information obtained is of fundamental importance in the hope to employ this protocol in the field of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Calzia
- Department of Pharmacy (DIFAR), Biochemistry Laboratory, Univiversity of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Laura Ottaggio
- Mutagenesis and Preventive Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cora
- Mutagenesis and Preventive Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giorgia Chiappori
- Mutagenesis and Preventive Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paola Cuccarolo
- Mutagenesis and Preventive Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Rare Diseases, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Enrico Cappelli
- Department of Integrated Pediatric and Hemato-oncological Sciences, Haematology Unit, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alberto Izzotti
- Mutagenesis and Preventive Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Sara Tavella
- Department of Integrated Oncological Therapies, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), Univiversity of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paolo Degan
- Mutagenesis and Preventive Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
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21
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Grabowska I, Zimowska M, Maciejewska K, Jablonska Z, Bazga A, Ozieblo M, Streminska W, Bem J, Brzoska E, Ciemerych MA. Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Cells in Matrigel Impacts the Regeneration of Severely Damaged Skeletal Muscles. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3313. [PMID: 31284492 PMCID: PMC6651806 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In case of large injuries of skeletal muscles the pool of endogenous stem cells, i.e., satellite cells, might be not sufficient to secure proper regeneration. Such failure in reconstruction is often associated with loss of muscle mass and excessive formation of connective tissue. Therapies aiming to improve skeletal muscle regeneration and prevent fibrosis may rely on the transplantation of different types of stem cell. Among such cells are adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) which are relatively easy to isolate, culture, and manipulate. Our study aimed to verify applicability of ADSCs in the therapies of severely injured skeletal muscles. We tested whether 3D structures obtained from Matrigel populated with ADSCs and transplanted to regenerating mouse gastrocnemius muscles could improve the regeneration. In addition, ADSCs used in this study were pretreated with myoblasts-conditioned medium or anti-TGFβ antibody, i.e., the factors modifying their ability to proliferate, migrate, or differentiate. Analyses performed one week after injury allowed us to show the impact of 3D cultured control and pretreated ADSCs at muscle mass and structure, as well as fibrosis development immune response of the injured muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Grabowska
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Zimowska
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Maciejewska
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Jablonska
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Bazga
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michal Ozieblo
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wladyslawa Streminska
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Bem
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Edyta Brzoska
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria A Ciemerych
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
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22
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Vajanthri KY, Sidu RK, Poddar S, Singh AK, Mahto SK. Combined substrate micropatterning and FFT analysis reveals myotube size control and alignment by contact guidance. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2019; 76:269-285. [DOI: 10.1002/cm.21527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Yellappa Vajanthri
- Tissue Engineering and Biomicrofluidics Laboratory, School of Biomedical EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University) Varanasi Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Sidu
- Tissue Engineering and Biomicrofluidics Laboratory, School of Biomedical EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University) Varanasi Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Suruchi Poddar
- Tissue Engineering and Biomicrofluidics Laboratory, School of Biomedical EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University) Varanasi Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Ashish Kumar Singh
- School of Biochemical EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University) Varanasi Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Mahto
- Tissue Engineering and Biomicrofluidics Laboratory, School of Biomedical EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University) Varanasi Uttar Pradesh India
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials and Tissue EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University) Varanasi Uttar Pradesh India
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23
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Fabrication of Silver Nanoparticles Using a Gas Phase Nanocluster Device and Preliminary Biological Uses. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11122574. [PMID: 30567288 PMCID: PMC6316590 DOI: 10.3390/ma11122574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles can be used in a large variety of applications, including magnetic sensing, biological, superconductivity, tissue engineering, and other fields. In this study, we explore the fabrication of gas phase silver nanoparticles using a sputtering evaporation source. This setup composed of a dual magnetron cluster source holds several advantages over other techniques. The system has independent control over the cluster concentration and a wide range of cluster size and materials that can be used for the clusters and for the matrix where it can be embedded. Characterization of these silver nanoparticles was done using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We obtain a lateral width of 10.6 nm with a dispersion of 0.24 nm. With atomic force microscopy (AFM) a Gaussian fit of this distribution yields and average height of 6.3 nm with a standard deviation of 1.4 nm. We confirm that the deposited silver nanoparticles have a homogenous area distribution, that they have a defined shape and size distribution, and that they are single standing nanoparticles. Given that the scientific literature is not precise regarding the toxic concentration of the nanoparticles, devices such as ours can help clarify these questions. In order to explore further biological applications, we have done preliminary experiments of cell spreading (myoblast adhesion), obtaining interesting morphological changes correlated with the silver concentration on the surface. With a deposited silver concentration ranging from 100–620 ng/cm2, the cells showed morphological changes in a short time of 2 h. We conclude that this high precision nanoparticle fabrication technique is adequate for further biological research.
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Sapoznik E, Niu G, Zhou Y, Prim PM, Criswell TL, Soker S. A real-time monitoring platform of myogenesis regulators using double fluorescent labeling. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192654. [PMID: 29444187 PMCID: PMC5812636 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Real-time, quantitative measurement of muscle progenitor cell (myoblast) differentiation is an important tool for skeletal muscle research and identification of drugs that support skeletal muscle regeneration. While most quantitative tools rely on sacrificial approach, we developed a double fluorescent tagging approach, which allows for dynamic monitoring of myoblast differentiation through assessment of fusion index and nuclei count. Fluorescent tagging of both the cell cytoplasm and nucleus enables monitoring of cell fusion and the formation of new myotube fibers, similar to immunostaining results. This labeling approach allowed monitoring the effects of Myf5 overexpression, TNFα, and Wnt agonist on myoblast differentiation. It also enabled testing the effects of surface coating on the fusion levels of scaffold-seeded myoblasts. The double fluorescent labeling of myoblasts is a promising technique to visualize even minor changes in myogenesis of myoblasts in order to support applications such as tissue engineering and drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etai Sapoznik
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Guoguang Niu
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Yu Zhou
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Peter M. Prim
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Tracy L. Criswell
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Shay Soker
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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25
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Milner DJ, Bionaz M, Monaco E, Cameron JA, Wheeler MB. Myogenic potential of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from porcine adipose tissue. Cell Tissue Res 2018; 372:507-522. [PMID: 29318389 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-017-2764-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Advances in stem cell biology and materials science have provided a basis for developing tissue engineering methods to repair muscle injury. Among stem cell populations with potential to aid muscle repair, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASC) hold great promise. To evaluate the possibility of using porcine ASC for muscle regeneration studies, we co-cultured porcine ASC with murine C2C12 myoblasts. These experiments demonstrated that porcine ASC display significant myogenic potential. Co-culture of ASC expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) with C2C12 cells resulted in GFP+ myotube formation, indicating fusion of ASC with myoblasts to form myotubes. The presence of porcine lamin A/C positive nuclei in myotubes and RTqPCR analysis of porcine myogenin and desmin expression confirmed that myotube nuclei derived from ASC contribute to muscle gene expression. Co-culturing GFP+ASC with porcine satellite cells demonstrated enhanced myogenic capability of ASC, as the percentage of labeled myotubes increased compared to mouse co-cultures. Enhancing myogenic potential of ASC through soluble factor treatment or expansion of ASC with innate myogenic capacity should allow for their therapeutic use to regenerate muscle tissue lost to disease or injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek J Milner
- Carl R. Woese Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1207 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Massimo Bionaz
- Carl R. Woese Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1207 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Elisa Monaco
- Carl R. Woese Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1207 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Jo Ann Cameron
- Carl R. Woese Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1207 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Matthew B Wheeler
- Carl R. Woese Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1207 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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26
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Enrione J, Blaker JJ, Brown DI, Weinstein-Oppenheimer CR, Pepczynska M, Olguín Y, Sánchez E, Acevedo CA. Edible Scaffolds Based on Non-Mammalian Biopolymers for Myoblast Growth. MATERIALS 2017; 10:ma10121404. [PMID: 29292759 PMCID: PMC5744339 DOI: 10.3390/ma10121404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In vitro meat has recently emerged as a new concept in food biotechnology. Methods to produce in vitro meat generally involve the growth of muscle cells that are cultured on scaffolds using bioreactors. Suitable scaffold design and manufacture are critical to downstream culture and meat production. Most current scaffolds are based on mammalian-derived biomaterials, the use of which is counter to the desire to obviate mammal slaughter in artificial meat production. Consequently, most of the knowledge is related to the design and control of scaffold properties based on these mammalian-sourced materials. To address this, four different scaffold materials were formulated using non-mammalian sources, namely, salmon gelatin, alginate, and additives including gelling agents and plasticizers. The scaffolds were produced using a freeze-drying process, and the physical, mechanical, and biological properties of the scaffolds were evaluated. The most promising scaffolds were produced from salmon gelatin, alginate, agarose, and glycerol, which exhibited relatively large pore sizes (~200 μm diameter) and biocompatibility, permitting myoblast cell adhesion (~40%) and growth (~24 h duplication time). The biodegradation profiles of the scaffolds were followed, and were observed to be less than 25% after 4 weeks. The scaffolds enabled suitable myogenic response, with high cell proliferation, viability, and adequate cell distribution throughout. This system composed of non-mammalian edible scaffold material and muscle-cells is promising for the production of in vitro meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Enrione
- Biopolymer Research and Engineering Lab (BiopREL), Universidad de los Andes, Avenida Monseñor Alvaro del Portillo 12455, Las Condes, Santiago 7550000, Chile.
| | - Jonny J Blaker
- Bio-Active Materials Group, School of Materials, MSS Tower, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Donald I Brown
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción y del Desarrollo, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Avenida Gran Bretaña 1111, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile.
| | - Caroline R Weinstein-Oppenheimer
- Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valparaíso, Avenida Gran Bretaña 1093, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile.
| | - Marzena Pepczynska
- Biopolymer Research and Engineering Lab (BiopREL), Universidad de los Andes, Avenida Monseñor Alvaro del Portillo 12455, Las Condes, Santiago 7550000, Chile.
| | - Yusser Olguín
- Center for Integrative Medicine and Innovative Science (CIMIS), Universidad Andrés Bello, Echaurren 183, Santiago 8320000, Chile.
| | - Elizabeth Sánchez
- Centro de Biotecnología, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile.
| | - Cristian A Acevedo
- Centro de Biotecnología, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile.
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile.
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27
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Shin YC, Kang SH, Lee JH, Kim B, Hong SW, Han DW. Three-dimensional graphene oxide-coated polyurethane foams beneficial to myogenesis. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2017; 29:762-774. [PMID: 28657493 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2017.1348738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The development of three dimensional (3D) scaffolds for promoting and stimulating cell growth is one of the greatest concerns in biomedical and tissue engineering. In the present study, novel biomimetic 3D scaffolds composed of polyurethane (PU) foam and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets were designed, and their potential as 3D scaffolds for skeletal tissue regeneration was explored. The GO-coated PU foams (GO-PU foams) were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. It was revealed that the 3D GO-PU foams consisted of an interconnected foam-like network structure with an approximate 300 μm pore size, and the GO was uniformly distributed in the PU foams. On the other hand, the myogenic stimulatory effects of GO on skeletal myoblasts were also investigated. Moreover, the cellular behaviors of the skeletal myoblasts within the 3D GO-PU foams were evaluated by immunofluorescence analysis. Our findings showed that GO can significantly promote spontaneous myogenic differentiation without any myogenic factors, and the 3D GO-PU foams can provide a suitable 3D microenvironment for cell growth. Furthermore, the 3D GO-PU foams stimulated spontaneous myogenic differentiation via the myogenic stimulatory effects of GO. Therefore, this study suggests that the 3D GO-PU foams are beneficial to myogenesis, and can be used as biomimetic 3D scaffolds for skeletal tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Cheol Shin
- a Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology , Pusan National University , Busan , Korea
| | - Seok Hee Kang
- a Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology , Pusan National University , Busan , Korea
| | - Jong Ho Lee
- b Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute , Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Seoul , Korea
| | - Bongju Kim
- c Dental Life Science Research Institute & Clinical Translational Research Center for Dental Science , Seoul National University Dental Hospital , Seoul , Korea
| | - Suck Won Hong
- a Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology , Pusan National University , Busan , Korea.,d Department of Optics and Mechatronics Engineering, BK21+ Nano-Integrated Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology , Pusan National University , Busan , Korea
| | - Dong-Wook Han
- a Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology , Pusan National University , Busan , Korea.,d Department of Optics and Mechatronics Engineering, BK21+ Nano-Integrated Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology , Pusan National University , Busan , Korea
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28
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Xu H, Zhang J, Lei Y, Han Z, Rong D, Yu Q, Zhao M, Tian J. Low frequency pulsed electromagnetic field promotes C2C12 myoblasts proliferation via activation of MAPK/ERK pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 479:97-102. [PMID: 27629357 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.09.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Low frequency pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) has been shown to affect the activity of various cell types and promote them proliferation. However, its effect on skeletal muscle cells remains to be determined. In our study, we confirmed that PEMF (100 Hz, 1 mT) could promote C2C12 myoblasts proliferation by using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assays, yet hardly any distinction was found in the rate of cell apoptosis between PEMF and control groups by flow cytometry (Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining method). To further study the mechanism of action of PEMF, Western blot was utilized to detect the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. After exposing C2C12 myoblasts to PEMF, we found the phosphorylation level of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) was significantly increased, while p38 MAPK and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathways were not affected. Pretreating the cells with the ERK kinase1/2 (MEK1/2) inhibitor U0126 obviously inhibited the proliferation of C2C12 cells. Taken together, our research for the first time demonstrated that PEMF promoted C2C12 myoblasts proliferation via activating MAPK/ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Haizhu, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Haizhu, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Yutian Lei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Haizhu, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Zhongyu Han
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Haizhu, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Dongming Rong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Haizhu, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Qiang Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Haizhu, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Southern Medical University, Baiyun, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Haizhu, Guangzhou 510280, China.
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29
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Soon CF, Thong KT, Tee KS, Ismail AB, Denyer M, Ahmad MK, Kong YH, Vyomesh P, Cheong SC. A scaffoldless technique for self-generation of three-dimensional keratinospheroids on liquid crystal surfaces. Biotech Histochem 2016; 91:283-95. [PMID: 27008034 DOI: 10.3109/10520295.2016.1158865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a new scaffold-free three-dimensional (3D) cell culture model using cholesteryl ester based lyotropic liquid crystal (LC) substrates. Keratinocytes were deposited randomly on the LC surface where they self-assembled into 3D microtissues or keratinospheroids. The cell density required to form spheroids was optimized. We investigated cell viability using dead/live cell assays. The adhesion characteristics of cells within the microtissues were determined using histological sectioning and immunofluorescence staining. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to characterize the biochemistry of the keratinospheroids. We found that both cells and microtissues could migrate on the LC surface. The viability study indicated approximately 80% viability of cells in the microtissues up to 20 days of culture. Strong intercellular adhesion was observed in the stratification of the multi-layered microspheroids using field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and histochemical staining. The cytoskeleton and vinculins of the cells in the microtissues were expressed diffusely, but the microtissues were enriched with lipids and nucleic acids, which indicates close resemblance to the conditions in vivo. The basic 3D culture model based on LC may be used for cell and microtissue migration studies in response to cytochemical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Soon
- a Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia , Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor , Malaysia.,b Biosensor and Bioengineering Laboratory, MiNT-SRC, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia , Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor , Malaysia
| | - K T Thong
- a Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia , Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor , Malaysia
| | - K S Tee
- a Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia , Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor , Malaysia
| | - A B Ismail
- b Biosensor and Bioengineering Laboratory, MiNT-SRC, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia , Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor , Malaysia
| | - M Denyer
- c School of Medical Sciences, University of Bradford , Bradford , United Kingdom
| | - M K Ahmad
- a Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia , Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor , Malaysia
| | - Y H Kong
- d Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya , Selangor , Malaysia
| | - P Vyomesh
- d Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya , Selangor , Malaysia
| | - S C Cheong
- d Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya , Selangor , Malaysia
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30
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Kawesa S, Vanstone J, Tsilfidis C. A differential response to newt regeneration extract by C2C12 and primary mammalian muscle cells. Skelet Muscle 2015; 5:19. [PMID: 26090089 PMCID: PMC4471912 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-015-0044-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dedifferentiation, a process whereby differentiated cells lose their specialized characteristics and revert to a less differentiated state, plays a key role in the regeneration process in urodele amphibians such as the red spotted newt, Notophthalmus viridescens. Dedifferentiation of fully mature tissues is generally absent in mammalian cells. Previous studies have shown that mouse C2C12 multinucleated myotubes treated with extract derived from regenerating newt forelimbs can re-enter the cell cycle, fragment into mononucleated cells, and proliferate. However, this response has been difficult to replicate. Methods We isolated extract from early newt forelimb regenerates and assessed its effects on differentiation of proliferating primary and C2C12 myoblasts. We also treated fully differentiated primary and C2C12 myotube cultures with extract and assessed cell cycle re-entry and myotube fragmentation. Results We have confirmed the results obtained in C2C12 cells and expanded these studies to also examine the effects of newt regeneration extracts on primary muscle cells. Newt extract can block differentiation of both C2C12 and primary myoblasts. Once differentiation is induced, treatment with newt extract causes cell cycle re-entry and fragmentation of C2C12 myotubes. Downregulation of p21 and muscle-specific markers is also induced. Primary myotubes also fragment in response to extract treatment, and the fragmented cells remain viable for long periods of time in culture. However, unlike C2C12 cells, primary muscle cells do not re-enter the cell cycle in response to treatment with newt extracts. Conclusions Dedifferentiation of fully mature muscle occurs during regeneration in the newt forelimb to contribute cells to the regeneration process. Our study shows that extracts derived from regenerating newt forelimbs can induce dedifferentiation, cell cycle re-entry, and fragmentation of mouse C2C12 cells but can only induce fragmentation in primary muscle cells. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13395-015-0044-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Kawesa
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Vision Research/Regenerative Medicine Program, 501 Smyth Road, Box 307, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L6 Canada ; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5 Canada
| | - Jason Vanstone
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Vision Research/Regenerative Medicine Program, 501 Smyth Road, Box 307, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L6 Canada ; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5 Canada ; Current address: Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L1 Canada
| | - Catherine Tsilfidis
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Vision Research/Regenerative Medicine Program, 501 Smyth Road, Box 307, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L6 Canada ; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5 Canada
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31
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Hsu HT, Rau LR, Zeng YN, Kang YL, Tsai SW, Wu MH. External vibration enhances macromolecular crowding for construction of aligned three-dimensional collagen fibril scaffolds. Biofabrication 2015; 7:025004. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/7/2/025004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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32
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Brzoska E, Kowalski K, Markowska-Zagrajek A, Kowalewska M, Archacki R, Plaskota I, Stremińska W, Jańczyk-Ilach K, Ciemerych MA. Sdf-1 (CXCL12) induces CD9 expression in stem cells engaged in muscle regeneration. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:46. [PMID: 25890097 PMCID: PMC4445299 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0041-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Understanding the mechanism of stem cell mobilization into injured skeletal muscles is a prerequisite step for the development of muscle disease therapies. Many of the currently studied stem cell types present myogenic potential; however, when introduced either into the blood stream or directly into the tissue, they are not able to efficiently engraft injured muscle. For this reason their use in therapy is still limited. Previously, we have shown that stromal-derived factor-1 (Sdf-1) caused the mobilization of endogenous (not transplanted) stem cells into injured skeletal muscle improving regeneration. Here, we demonstrate that the beneficial effect of Sdf-1 relies on the upregulation of the tetraspanin CD9 expression in stem cells. METHODS The expression pattern of adhesion proteins, including CD9, was analysed after Sdf-1 treatment during regeneration of rat skeletal muscles and mouse Pax7-/- skeletal muscles, that are characterized by the decreased number of satellite cells. Next, we examined the changes in CD9 level in satellite cells-derived myoblasts, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, and embryonic stem cells after Sdf-1 treatment or silencing expression of CXCR4 and CXCR7. Finally, we examined the potential of stem cells to fuse with myoblasts after Sdf-1 treatment. RESULTS In vivo analyses of Pax7-/- mice strongly suggest that Sdf-1-mediates increase in CD9 levels also in mobilized stem cells. In the absence of CXCR4 receptor the effect of Sdf-1 on CD9 expression is blocked. Next, in vitro studies show that Sdf-1 increases the level of CD9 not only in satellite cell-derived myoblasts but also in bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells, as well as embryonic stem cells. Importantly, the Sdf-1 treated cells migrate and fuse with myoblasts more effectively. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that Sdf-1 binding CXCR4 receptor improves skeletal muscle regeneration by upregulating expression of CD9 and thus, impacting at stem cells mobilization to the injured muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Brzoska
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Kamil Kowalski
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland.
| | | | - Magdalena Kowalewska
- Department of Molecular and Translational Oncology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Roentgena 5, 02-781, Warsaw, Poland. .,Department of Immunology, Biochemistry and Nutrition, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Rafał Archacki
- Departament of Systems Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Izabela Plaskota
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Władysława Stremińska
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Jańczyk-Ilach
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Maria A Ciemerych
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland.
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Archacka K, Denkis A, Brzóska E, Świerczek B, Tarczyluk M, Jańczyk-Ilach K, Ciemerych MA, Moraczewski J. Competence of in vitro cultured mouse embryonic stem cells for myogenic differentiation and fusion with myoblasts. Stem Cells Dev 2014; 23:2455-68. [PMID: 24940624 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2013.0582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells are a potential source of various cell types for use in regenerative medicine. Despite accumulating knowledge, there is currently no efficient and reproducible protocol that does not require genetic manipulation for generation of myogenic cells from pluripotent stem cells. Here, we examined whether mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells are able to undergo myogenic differentiation and fusion in response to signals released by differentiating myoblasts. Using ES cells expressing the histone 2B-green fluorescent fusion protein, we were able to detect hybrid myotubes formed by ES cells and differentiating myoblasts. ES cells that fused with myoblasts downregulated the expression of pluripotency markers and induced the expression of myogenic markers, while unfused ES cells did not exhibit this expression pattern. Thus, the signals released by myoblasts were not sufficient to induce myogenic differentiation of ES cells. Although ES cells synthesize many proteins involved in myoblast adhesion and fusion, we did not observe any myotubes formed exclusively by ES cells. We found that ES cells lacked M-cadherin and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, which may account for the low frequency of hybrid myotube formation in ES cell-myoblast co-cultures and the inability of ES cells alone to form myotubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Archacka
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw , Warsaw, Poland
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Lund DK, Mouly V, Cornelison DDW. MMP-14 is necessary but not sufficient for invasion of three-dimensional collagen by human muscle satellite cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2014; 307:C140-9. [PMID: 24898588 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00032.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The twenty-five known matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) and their endogenous inhibitors, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteases (TIMPs), mediate cell invasion through the extracellular matrix (ECM). In a comparative three-dimensional assay, we analyzed human and mouse satellite cells' competence to invade an artificial ECM (collagen I). We identified a single MMP that 1) is expressed by human muscle satellite cells; 2) is induced at the mRNA/protein level by adhesion to collagen I; and 3) is necessary for invasion into a collagen I matrix. Interestingly, murine satellite cells neither express this MMP, nor invade the collagen matrix. However, exogenous human MMP-14 is not sufficient to induce invasion of a collagen matrix by murine cells, emphasizing species differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dane K Lund
- Division of Biology and Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri; and
| | - Vincent Mouly
- Institut de Myologie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - D D W Cornelison
- Division of Biology and Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri; and
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Forterre A, Jalabert A, Berger E, Baudet M, Chikh K, Errazuriz E, De Larichaudy J, Chanon S, Weiss-Gayet M, Hesse AM, Record M, Geloen A, Lefai E, Vidal H, Couté Y, Rome S. Proteomic analysis of C2C12 myoblast and myotube exosome-like vesicles: a new paradigm for myoblast-myotube cross talk? PLoS One 2014; 9:e84153. [PMID: 24392111 PMCID: PMC3879278 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are nanometer-sized microvesicles formed in multivesicular bodies (MVBs) during endosome maturation. Exosomes are released from cells into the microenvironment following fusion of MVBs with the plasma membrane. During the last decade, skeletal muscle-secreted proteins have been identified with important roles in intercellular communications. To investigate whether muscle-derived exosomes participate in this molecular dialog, we determined and compared the protein contents of the exosome-like vesicles (ELVs) released from C2C12 murine myoblasts during proliferation (ELV-MB), and after differentiation into myotubes (ELV-MT). Using a proteomic approach combined with electron microscopy, western-blot and bioinformatic analyses, we compared the protein repertoires within ELV-MB and ELV-MT. We found that these vesicles displayed the classical properties of exosomes isolated from other cell types containing components of the ESCRT machinery of the MVBs, as well as numerous tetraspanins. Specific muscle proteins were also identified confirming that ELV composition also reflects their muscle origin. Furthermore quantitative analysis revealed stage-preferred expression of 31 and 78 proteins in ELV-MB and ELV-MT respectively. We found that myotube-secreted ELVs, but not ELV-MB, reduced myoblast proliferation and induced differentiation, through, respectively, the down-regulation of Cyclin D1 and the up-regulation of myogenin. We also present evidence that proteins from ELV-MT can be incorporated into myoblasts by using the GFP protein as cargo within ELV-MT. Taken together, our data provide a useful database of proteins from C2C12-released ELVs throughout myogenesis and reveals the importance of exosome-like vesicles in skeletal muscle biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Forterre
- CarMeN Laboratory (INSERM 1060, INRA 1362, INSA) University of Lyon, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, Oullins, France
| | - Audrey Jalabert
- CarMeN Laboratory (INSERM 1060, INRA 1362, INSA) University of Lyon, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, Oullins, France
| | - Emmanuelle Berger
- CarMeN Laboratory (INSERM 1060, INRA 1362, INSA) University of Lyon, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, Oullins, France
| | - Mathieu Baudet
- CEA, IRTSV, Laboratoire Biologie à Grande Echelle, Grenoble, France
- INSERM, U1038, Grenoble, France
- Grenoble Alpes University, IRTSV, Laboratoire Biologie à Grande Echelle, Grenoble, France
| | - Karim Chikh
- CarMeN Laboratory (INSERM 1060, INRA 1362, INSA) University of Lyon, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, Oullins, France
| | - Elisabeth Errazuriz
- Centre Commun d’Imagerie de Laënnec (CeCIL), SFR Santé Lyon-Est, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Joffrey De Larichaudy
- CarMeN Laboratory (INSERM 1060, INRA 1362, INSA) University of Lyon, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, Oullins, France
| | - Stéphanie Chanon
- CarMeN Laboratory (INSERM 1060, INRA 1362, INSA) University of Lyon, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, Oullins, France
| | - Michèle Weiss-Gayet
- Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (CGPhiMC), CNRS UMR5534, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Anne-Marie Hesse
- CEA, IRTSV, Laboratoire Biologie à Grande Echelle, Grenoble, France
- INSERM, U1038, Grenoble, France
- Grenoble Alpes University, IRTSV, Laboratoire Biologie à Grande Echelle, Grenoble, France
| | - Michel Record
- INSERM-UMR 1037, Centre de Recherche en Cancerologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Toulouse, France
| | - Alain Geloen
- CarMeN Laboratory (INSERM 1060, INRA 1362, INSA) University of Lyon, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, Oullins, France
| | - Etienne Lefai
- CarMeN Laboratory (INSERM 1060, INRA 1362, INSA) University of Lyon, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, Oullins, France
| | - Hubert Vidal
- CarMeN Laboratory (INSERM 1060, INRA 1362, INSA) University of Lyon, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, Oullins, France
| | - Yohann Couté
- CEA, IRTSV, Laboratoire Biologie à Grande Echelle, Grenoble, France
- INSERM, U1038, Grenoble, France
- Grenoble Alpes University, IRTSV, Laboratoire Biologie à Grande Echelle, Grenoble, France
| | - Sophie Rome
- CarMeN Laboratory (INSERM 1060, INRA 1362, INSA) University of Lyon, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, Oullins, France
- * E-mail:
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Anene-Nzelu CG, Peh KY, Fraiszudeen A, Kuan YH, Ng SH, Toh YC, Leo HL, Yu H. Scalable alignment of three-dimensional cellular constructs in a microfluidic chip. LAB ON A CHIP 2013; 13:4124-4133. [PMID: 23969512 DOI: 10.1039/c3lc50730k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
There have been considerable efforts to engineer three-dimensional (3D) microfluidic environments to enhance cellular function over conventional two-dimensional (2D) cultures in microfluidic chips, but few involve topographical features, such as micro/nano-grooves, which are beneficial for cell types of cardiac, skeletal and neuronal lineages. Here we have developed a cost-effective and scalable method to incorporate micro-topographical cues into microfluidic chips to induce cell alignment. Using commercially available optical media as molds for replica molding, we produced large surface areas of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) micro-grooved substrates and plasma-bonded them to multiple microfluidic chips. Besides aligning a 2D monolayer of cells, the micro-grooved substrate can align 3D cellular constructs on chip. C2C12 mouse myoblasts were cultured three-dimensionally in a microfluidic chip with incorporated PDMS micro-grooved substrate remodeled into an aligned 3D cellular construct, where the actin cytoskeleton and nuclei were preferentially oriented along the micro-grooves. Cells within the 3D cellular constructs can align without being in direct contact with the micro-grooves due to synergism between topography and fluid shear stress. Aligned C2C12 3D cellular constructs showed enhanced differentiation into skeletal muscles as compared to randomly aligned ones. This novel method enables the routine inclusion of micro-topographical cues into 2D or 3D microfluidic cultures to generate relevant physiological models for studying tissue morphogenesis and drug screening applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chukwuemeka George Anene-Nzelu
- Department of Bioengineering, National University of Singapore, Block EA, #03-12, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117576, Singapore
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Morphology and growth of mammalian cells in a liquid/liquid culture system supported with oxygenated perfluorodecalin. Biotechnol Lett 2013; 35:1387-94. [PMID: 23666427 PMCID: PMC3730094 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-013-1218-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Adherent A431, BHK-21, and C2C12 cells were cultured on a flexible interface formed between two immiscible liquid phases: (i) hydrophobic perfluorodecalin (PFD) and (ii) aqueous culture medium (DMEM). BHK-21 cells formed multicellular aggregates characterized by irregular shapes. A431, as well as C2C12 cells, grew as tight multicellular sheets of 3-D cells. Enhanced mass transfer and facilitated access of the cells to the O2 dissolved in PFD/DMEM by approx. 250 % and thereby increased the density of BHK-21 cells. Thus the liquid/liquid system is a simple, ready-to-use, and fully scalable (independent of vessel shapes); consequently it is a method for 3-D cultures of adherent animal cells in which the growth of anchorage-dependent cells is not limited by confluence effect.
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Qutachi O, Shakesheff KM, Buttery LD. Delivery of definable number of drug or growth factor loaded poly(dl-lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) microparticles within human embryonic stem cell derived aggregates. J Control Release 2013; 168:18-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Revised: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Lund DK, Cornelison DDW. Enter the matrix: shape, signal and superhighway. FEBS J 2013; 280:4089-99. [PMID: 23374506 DOI: 10.1111/febs.12171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Revised: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian skeletal muscle is notable for both its highly ordered biophysical structure and its regenerative capacity following trauma. Critical to both of these features is the specialized muscle extracellular matrix, comprising both the multiple concentric sheaths of connective tissue surrounding structural units from single myofibers to whole muscles and the dense interstitial matrix that occupies the space between them. Extracellular matrix-dependent interactions affect all activities of the resident muscle stem cell population (the satellite cells), from maintenance of quiescence and stem cell potential to the regulation of proliferation and differentiation. This review focuses on the role of the extracellular matrix in muscle regeneration, with a particular emphasis on regulation of satellite-cell activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dane K Lund
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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Henderson TMA, Ladewig K, Haylock DN, McLean KM, O'Connor AJ. Cryogels for biomedical applications. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:2682-2695. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb20280a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Page H, Flood P, Reynaud EG. Three-dimensional tissue cultures: current trends and beyond. Cell Tissue Res 2012; 352:123-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-012-1441-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2011] [Accepted: 04/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Sun YS, Peng SW, Lin KH, Cheng JY. Electrotaxis of lung cancer cells in ordered three-dimensional scaffolds. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2012; 6:14102-1410214. [PMID: 22288000 PMCID: PMC3267495 DOI: 10.1063/1.3671399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2011] [Accepted: 11/30/2011] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we report a new method to incorporate 3D scaffold with electrotaxis measurement in the microfluidic device. The electrotactic response of lung cancer cells in the 3D foam scaffolds which resemble the in vivo pulmonary alveoli may give more insight on cellular behaviors in vivo. The 3D scaffold consists of ordered arrays of uniform spherical pores in gelatin. We found that cell morphology in the 3D scaffold was different from that in 2D substrate. Next, we applied a direct current electric field (EF) of 338 mV/mm through the scaffold for the study of cells' migration within. We measured the migration directedness and speed of different lung cancer cell lines, CL1-0, CL1-5, and A549, and compared with those examined in 2D gelatin-coated and bare substrates. The migration direction is the same for all conditions but there are clear differences in cell morphology, directedness, and migration speed under EF. Our results demonstrate cell migration under EF is different in 2D and 3D environments and possibly due to different cell morphology and/or substrate stiffness.
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Exploiting extracellular matrix-stem cell interactions: A review of natural materials for therapeutic muscle regeneration. Biomaterials 2012; 33:428-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.09.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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A new extensively characterised conditionally immortal muscle cell-line for investigating therapeutic strategies in muscular dystrophies. PLoS One 2011; 6:e24826. [PMID: 21935475 PMCID: PMC3173493 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0024826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2011] [Accepted: 08/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A new conditionally immortal satellite cell-derived cell-line, H2K 2B4, was generated from the H2Kb-tsA58 immortomouse. Under permissive conditions H2K 2B4 cells terminally differentiate in vitro to form uniform myotubes with a myogenic protein profile comparable with freshly isolated satellite cells. Following engraftment into immunodeficient dystrophin-deficient mice, H2K 2B4 cells regenerated host muscle with donor derived myofibres that persisted for at least 24 weeks, without forming tumours. These cells were readily transfectable using both retrovirus and the non-viral transfection methods and importantly upon transplantation, were able to reconstitute the satellite cell niche with functional donor derived satellite cells. Finally using the Class II DNA transposon, Sleeping Beauty, we successfully integrated a reporter plasmid into the genome of H2K 2B4 cells without hindering the myogenic differentiation. Overall, these data suggest that H2K 2B4 cells represent a readily transfectable stable cell-line in which to investigate future stem cell based therapies for muscle disease.
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Turner NJ, Badylak SF. Regeneration of skeletal muscle. Cell Tissue Res 2011; 347:759-74. [PMID: 21667167 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-011-1185-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2011] [Accepted: 04/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle has a robust capacity for regeneration following injury. However, few if any effective therapeutic options for volumetric muscle loss are available. Autologous muscle grafts or muscle transposition represent possible salvage procedures for the restoration of mass and function but these approaches have limited success and are plagued by associated donor site morbidity. Cell-based therapies are in their infancy and, to date, have largely focused on hereditary disorders such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy. An unequivocal need exists for regenerative medicine strategies that can enhance or induce de novo formation of functional skeletal muscle as a treatment for congenital absence or traumatic loss of tissue. In this review, the three stages of skeletal muscle regeneration and the potential pitfalls in the development of regenerative medicine strategies for the restoration of functional skeletal muscle in situ are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neill J Turner
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Bridgeside Point 2, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
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Brzoska E, Ciemerych MA, Przewozniak M, Zimowska M. Regulation of Muscle Stem Cells Activation. STEM CELL REGULATORS 2011; 87:239-76. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-386015-6.00031-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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