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Papandreou A, Singh N, Gianfrancesco L, Budinger D, Barwick K, Agrotis A, Luft C, Shao Y, Lenaerts AS, Gregory A, Jeong SY, Hogarth P, Hayflick S, Barral S, Kriston-Vizi J, Gissen P, Kurian MA, Ketteler R. Cardiac glycosides restore autophagy flux in an iPSC-derived neuronal model of WDR45 deficiency. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.09.13.556416. [PMID: 37745522 PMCID: PMC10515824 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.13.556416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Beta-Propeller Protein-Associated Neurodegeneration (BPAN) is one of the commonest forms of Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation, caused by mutations in the gene encoding the autophagy-related protein, WDR45. The mechanisms linking autophagy, iron overload and neurodegeneration in BPAN are poorly understood and, as a result, there are currently no disease-modifying treatments for this progressive disorder. We have developed a patient-derived, induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-based midbrain dopaminergic neuronal cell model of BPAN (3 patient, 2 age-matched controls and 2 isogenic control lines) which shows defective autophagy and aberrant gene expression in key neurodegenerative, neurodevelopmental and collagen pathways. A high content imaging-based medium-throughput blinded drug screen using the FDA-approved Prestwick library identified 5 cardiac glycosides that both corrected disease-related defective autophagosome formation and restored BPAN-specific gene expression profiles. Our findings have clear translational potential and emphasise the utility of iPSC-based modelling in elucidating disease pathophysiology and identifying targeted therapeutics for early-onset monogenic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apostolos Papandreou
- Developmental Neurosciences, Zayed Centre for Research into Rare Disease in Children, University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Neurology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Nivedita Singh
- Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Lorita Gianfrancesco
- Developmental Neurosciences, Zayed Centre for Research into Rare Disease in Children, University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Dimitri Budinger
- Developmental Neurosciences, Zayed Centre for Research into Rare Disease in Children, University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Katy Barwick
- Developmental Neurosciences, Zayed Centre for Research into Rare Disease in Children, University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Alexander Agrotis
- Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Christin Luft
- Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ying Shao
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Serena Barral
- Developmental Neurosciences, Zayed Centre for Research into Rare Disease in Children, University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Janos Kriston-Vizi
- Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Paul Gissen
- Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Genetics & Genomic Medicine Programme, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Manju A Kurian
- Developmental Neurosciences, Zayed Centre for Research into Rare Disease in Children, University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- Department of Neurology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Robin Ketteler
- Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Human Medicine, Medical School Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- These authors contributed equally
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Dubey H, Ray A, Dubey A, Gulati K. S-Nitrosoglutathione Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Improves Retention Memory Dysfunctions in Intra-Cerebroventricular-Streptozotocin Rat Model of Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease via Activation of BDNF and Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor-2 Antioxidant Signaling Pathway. Neuropsychobiology 2024; 83:101-113. [PMID: 38744261 DOI: 10.1159/000538348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and transcription nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (NRF-2) play an important role in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the interactive involvement of BDNF and NRF-2 in respect to antioxidant mechanisms in different parts of the AD brain is still unclear. Considering the above condition, used S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) to examine whether it modulates the BDNF and NRF-2 levels to activate signaling pathway to promote antioxidant levels in AD brains. METHOD AD was induced by intracerebroventricular infusion of streptozotocin (ICV-STZ, 3 mg/kg) in Wistar rats. The effect of GSNO was analyzed by evaluating the retention of memory in months 1, 2, and 3. After the behavior study, rats were sacrificed and accessed the amyloid beta (Aβ)-40, Aβ42, glutathione (GSH), BDNF, and NRF-2 levels in the hippocampus, cortex, and amygdala tissue. RESULTS Pretreatment with GSNO (50 µg/kg/intraperitoneal/day) restored the BDNF, and NRF-2 levels toward normalcy as compared with ICV-STZ + saline-treated animals. Also, GSNO treatment reversed the oxidative stress and increased the GSH levels toward normal levels. Further, reduced Aβ levels and neuronal loss in different brain regions. As a result, GSNO treatment improved the cognitive deficits in ICV-STZ-treated rats. CONCLUSION The results showed that endogenous nitric oxide donor GSNO improved the cognitive deficits and ICV-STZ-induced AD pathological conditions, possibly via attenuating the oxidative stress. Hence, the above finding supported that GSNO treatment may activate BDNF and NRF-2 antioxidant signaling pathways in the AD brain to normalize oxidative stress, which is the main causative factor for ICV-STZ-induced AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harikesh Dubey
- Departments of Pharmacology, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
- The Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Arunabha Ray
- Departments of Pharmacology, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
- Departments of Pharmacology, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (HIMSR), Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Anamika Dubey
- Departments of Pharmacology, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Kavita Gulati
- Departments of Pharmacology, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
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Blaszkiewicz M, Tao T, Mensah-Arhin K, Willows JW, Bates R, Huang W, Cao L, Smith RL, Townsend KL. Gene therapy approaches for obesity-induced adipose neuropathy: Device-targeted AAV-mediated neurotrophic factor delivery to adipocytes in subcutaneous adipose. Mol Ther 2024; 32:1407-1424. [PMID: 38429927 PMCID: PMC11081869 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Maintaining functional adipose innervation is critical for metabolic health. We found that subcutaneous white adipose tissue (scWAT) undergoes peripheral neuropathy (PN) with obesity, diabetes, and aging (reduced small-fiber innervation and nerve/synaptic/growth-cone/vesicle markers, altered nerve activity). Unlike with nerve injuries, peripheral nerves do not regenerate with PN, and therefore new therapies are needed for treatment of this condition affecting 20-30 million Americans. Here, we validated a gene therapy approach using an adipocyte-tropic adeno-associated virus (AAV; serotype Rec2) to deliver neurotrophic factors (brain-derived neurotrophic factor [BDNF] and nerve growth factor [NGF]) directly to scWAT to improve tissue-specific PN as a proof-of-concept approach. AAVRec2-BDNF intra-adipose delivery improved tissue innervation in obese/diabetic mice with PN, but after longer periods of dietary obesity there was reduced efficacy, revealing a key time window for therapies. AAVRec2-NGF also increased scWAT innervation in obese mice and was more effective than BDNF, likely because Rec2 targeted adipocytes, the tissue's endogenous NGF source. AAVRec2-NGF also worked well even after 25 weeks of dietary obesity, unlike BDNF, which likely needs a vector that targets its physiological cellular source (stromal vascular fraction cells). Given the differing effects of AAVs carrying NGF versus BDNF, a combined therapy may be ideal for PN.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tianyi Tao
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Kofi Mensah-Arhin
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jake W Willows
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Rhiannon Bates
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Rosemary L Smith
- College of Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
| | - Kristy L Townsend
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; College of Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA.
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Wu SH, Shi WQ, Li YH, Liu RH, Hu DY, Zheng LQ, Ma WL. Effect of Guanxin Danshen Dripping Pills on Coronary Heart Disease Comorbid with Depression or Anxiety: The ADECODE-Real World Study. Chin J Integr Med 2024; 30:443-448. [PMID: 37947990 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-023-3628-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of Guanxin Danshen Dripping Pill (GXDSDP) in treating anxiety and depression in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). METHODS A total of 1,428 patients diagnosed with CHD screened for anxiety, depression, and quality of life (QOL) at baseline received 0.4 g of GXDSDP treatment 3 times per day and returned for monthly reassessment. Patients were recruited after stable treatment for CHD and received assessment of General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) for evaluating anxiety, depression, and QOL. Patients were followed up 3 times, once every 4 weeks, during outpatient visits for 12 weeks. RESULTS At the third follow-up (F3), the anxiety symptom of 63.79% (673/1,055) of the patients improved to sub-clinical level, and the GAD-7 score improved significantly (8.11 vs. 3.87, P<0.01); 57.52% (585/1,017) patients' depressive symptoms improved to sub-clinical level, with a significant improvement in PHQ-9 score (8.69 vs. 4.41, P<0.01) at F3. All aspects of QOL significantly improved at the end of treatment compared to those at baseline (all P<0.01) as assessed by SAQ: physical limitation (31.17 vs. 34.14), anginal stability (2.74 vs. 4.14), anginal frequency (8.16 vs. 9.10), treatment satisfaction (13.43 vs. 16.29), and disease perception (8.69 vs. 11.02). CONCLUSIONS A fixed dosage of GXDSDP may be a potential treatment option for CHD patients comorbid with anxiety or depression. (Registration No. ChiCTR2100051523).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Hao Wu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Wei-Qi Shi
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Yu-Hang Li
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Ru-Hui Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Da-Yi Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Li-Qiang Zheng
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China.
| | - Wen-Lin Ma
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China.
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Zhang S, Pu Y, Liu J, Li L, An C, Wu Y, Zhang W, Zhang W, Qu S, Yan W. Exploring the multifaceted potential of (R)-ketamine beyond antidepressant applications. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1337749. [PMID: 38666026 PMCID: PMC11043571 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1337749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
(R, S)- and (S)-ketamine have made significant progress in the treatment of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and have become a research focus in recent years. However, they both have risks of psychomimetic effects, dissociative effects, and abuse liability, which limit their clinical use. Recent preclinical and clinical studies have shown that (R)-ketamine has a more efficient and lasting antidepressant effect with fewer side effects compared to (R, S)- and (S)-ketamine. However, a recent small-sample randomized controlled trial found that although (R)-ketamine has a lower incidence of adverse reactions in adult TRD treatment, its antidepressant efficacy is not superior to the placebo group, indicating its antidepressant advantage still needs further verification and clarification. Moreover, an increasing body of research suggests that (R)-ketamine might also have significant applications in the prevention and treatment of medical fields or diseases such as cognitive disorders, perioperative anesthesia, ischemic stroke, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, osteoporosis, substance use disorders, inflammatory diseases, COVID-19, and organophosphate poisoning. This article briefly reviews the mechanism of action and research on antidepressants related to (R)-ketamine, fully revealing its application potential and development prospects, and providing some references and assistance for subsequent expanded research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senbing Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xianning Central Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, China
| | - Yanzhu Pu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianning Liu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lewen Li
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chibing An
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xianning Central Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, China
| | - Yumin Wu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenxia Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Song Qu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenjun Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Primak A, Bozov K, Rubina K, Dzhauari S, Neyfeld E, Illarionova M, Semina E, Sheleg D, Tkachuk V, Karagyaur M. Morphogenetic theory of mental and cognitive disorders: the role of neurotrophic and guidance molecules. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1361764. [PMID: 38646100 PMCID: PMC11027769 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1361764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Mental illness and cognitive disorders represent a serious problem for the modern society. Many studies indicate that mental disorders are polygenic and that impaired brain development may lay the ground for their manifestation. Neural tissue development is a complex and multistage process that involves a large number of distant and contact molecules. In this review, we have considered the key steps of brain morphogenesis, and the major molecule families involved in these process. The review provides many indications of the important contribution of the brain development process and correct functioning of certain genes to human mental health. To our knowledge, this comprehensive review is one of the first in this field. We suppose that this review may be useful to novice researchers and clinicians wishing to navigate the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Primak
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kirill Bozov
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kseniya Rubina
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Stalik Dzhauari
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Neyfeld
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of the Higher Education “A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Illarionova
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Semina
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitriy Sheleg
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of the Higher Education “A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vsevolod Tkachuk
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim Karagyaur
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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Staszkiewicz R, Gładysz D, Sobański D, Bolechała F, Golec E, Dammermann W, Grabarek BO. The Impacts of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration of the Spine, Alcohol Consumption, Smoking Tobacco Products, and Glycemic Disorders on the Expression Profiles of Neurotrophins-3 and -4. Biomedicines 2024; 12:427. [PMID: 38398029 PMCID: PMC10886622 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In the etiology of discogenic pain, attention is paid to the role of neurotrophic factors, which include classic neurotrophins (NTs). This study aimed to assess changes in the concentrations of NT-3 and NT-4 in the intervertebral discs (IVDs) of the lumbosacral (L/S) spine depending on the advancement of degenerative changes, pain severity, habits, and comorbidities. The study group included 113 patients who underwent microdiscectomy due to degenerative IVD disease of the L/S spine. The severity of degenerative IVD changes was assessed using the five-point Pfirrmann scale, and the pain intensity was assessed according to the visual analog scale (VAS). In turn, the control group included 81 participants from whom IVDs of the L/S section of the spine were collected post-mortem during forensic autopsy or organ donation. At the mRNA level, we noted NT-3 overexpression in the test samples compared with the controls (fold change (FC) = 9.12 ± 0.56; p < 0.05), while NT-4 transcriptional activity was decreased in the test samples compared with the controls (FC = 0.33 ± 0.07; p < 0.05). However, at the protein level, the concentrations of NT-3 (134 ± 5.78 pg/mL vs. 6.78 ± 1.17 pg/mL; p < 0.05) and NT-4 (316.77 ± 8.19 pg/mL vs. 76.92 ± 4.82 pg/mL; p < 0.05) were significantly higher in the test samples compared with the control samples. Nevertheless, the concentration of both proteins did not statistically significantly change depending on the advancement of degenerative changes and the pain intensity (p > 0.05). In addition, higher levels of NT-3 and NT-4 were noted in IVD samples from patients who consumed alcohol, smoked tobacco, were overweight/obese, or had comorbid diabetes compared with patients without these risk factors (p < 0.05). Our analysis confirmed that differences in the degenerative process of IVD, energy metabolism, and lifestyle are related to changes in the concentration profiles of NT-3 and NT-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Staszkiewicz
- Collegium Medicum, WSB University, 41-300 Dabrowa Gornicza, Poland;
- Department of Neurosurgery, 5th Military Clinical Hospital, SP ZOZ Polyclinic in Cracow, 30-901 Cracow, Poland;
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, Academy of Silesia, 40-555 Katowice, Poland
| | - Dorian Gładysz
- Department of Neurosurgery, 5th Military Clinical Hospital, SP ZOZ Polyclinic in Cracow, 30-901 Cracow, Poland;
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, Academy of Silesia, 40-555 Katowice, Poland
| | - Dawid Sobański
- Collegium Medicum, WSB University, 41-300 Dabrowa Gornicza, Poland;
- Department of Neurosurgery, Szpital sw. Rafala in Cracow, 30-693 Cracow, Poland
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski University in Cracow, 30-705 Cracow, Poland
| | - Filip Bolechała
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-531 Cracow, Poland;
| | - Edward Golec
- Department of Rehabilitation in Orthopaedics, Faculty of Motor Rehabilitation, Bronisław Czech University of Physical Education, 31-571 Cracow, Poland;
| | - Werner Dammermann
- Center of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Brandenburg, 03048 Brandenburg, Germany;
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, 16816 Neuruppin, Germany
| | - Beniamin Oskar Grabarek
- Collegium Medicum, WSB University, 41-300 Dabrowa Gornicza, Poland;
- Gyncentrum, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Virology, Department of Molecular Biology, 40-851 Katowice, Poland
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Tsare EPG, Klapa MI, Moschonas NK. Protein-protein interaction network-based integration of GWAS and functional data for blood pressure regulation analysis. Hum Genomics 2024; 18:15. [PMID: 38326862 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-023-00565-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is valuable to analyze the genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data for a complex disease phenotype in the context of the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, as the related pathophysiology results from the function of interacting polyprotein pathways. The analysis may include the design and curation of a phenotype-specific GWAS meta-database incorporating genotypic and eQTL data linking to PPI and other biological datasets, and the development of systematic workflows for PPI network-based data integration toward protein and pathway prioritization. Here, we pursued this analysis for blood pressure (BP) regulation. METHODS The relational scheme of the implemented in Microsoft SQL Server BP-GWAS meta-database enabled the combined storage of: GWAS data and attributes mined from GWAS Catalog and the literature, Ensembl-defined SNP-transcript associations, and GTEx eQTL data. The BP-protein interactome was reconstructed from the PICKLE PPI meta-database, extending the GWAS-deduced network with the shortest paths connecting all GWAS-proteins into one component. The shortest-path intermediates were considered as BP-related. For protein prioritization, we combined a new integrated GWAS-based scoring scheme with two network-based criteria: one considering the protein role in the reconstructed by shortest-path (RbSP) interactome and one novel promoting the common neighbors of GWAS-prioritized proteins. Prioritized proteins were ranked by the number of satisfied criteria. RESULTS The meta-database includes 6687 variants linked with 1167 BP-associated protein-coding genes. The GWAS-deduced PPI network includes 1065 proteins, with 672 forming a connected component. The RbSP interactome contains 1443 additional, network-deduced proteins and indicated that essentially all BP-GWAS proteins are at most second neighbors. The prioritized BP-protein set was derived from the union of the most BP-significant by any of the GWAS-based or the network-based criteria. It included 335 proteins, with ~ 2/3 deduced from the BP PPI network extension and 126 prioritized by at least two criteria. ESR1 was the only protein satisfying all three criteria, followed in the top-10 by INSR, PTN11, CDK6, CSK, NOS3, SH2B3, ATP2B1, FES and FINC, satisfying two. Pathway analysis of the RbSP interactome revealed numerous bioprocesses, which are indeed functionally supported as BP-associated, extending our understanding about BP regulation. CONCLUSIONS The implemented workflow could be used for other multifactorial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evridiki-Pandora G Tsare
- Department of General Biology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
- Metabolic Engineering and Systems Biology Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), Patras, Greece
| | - Maria I Klapa
- Metabolic Engineering and Systems Biology Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), Patras, Greece.
| | - Nicholas K Moschonas
- Department of General Biology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.
- Metabolic Engineering and Systems Biology Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), Patras, Greece.
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Khan F, Khan S, Nabeka H, Mimuro H, Nishizono A, Hamada F, Matsuda S. Neurotoxic stimulation alters prosaposin levels in the salivary systems of rats. Cell Tissue Res 2024; 395:159-169. [PMID: 38082139 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-023-03847-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Prosaposin (PSAP), a potent neurotrophic factor, is found in neuronal and non-neuronal tissues and various biological fluids. Neuropathological conditions often alter PSAP production in neural tissues. However, little is known about its alterations in non-neural tissues, particularly in the salivary glands, which are natural reservoirs of various neurotrophic factors. In this study, we explored whether neurotoxic stimulation by kainic acid (KA), a glutamate analog, altered PSAP levels in the salivary system of rats. The results revealed that KA injection did not alter total saliva production. However, KA-induced neurotoxic stimulation significantly increased the PSAP level in the secreted saliva but decreased it in the serum. In addition, KA-induced elevated immunoreactivities of PSAP and its receptors have been observed in the granular convoluted tubule (GCT) cells of the submandibular gland (SMG), a major salivary secretory organ. Indeed, a large number of PSAP-expressing immunogold particles were observed in the secretory granules of the SMG. Furthermore, KA-induced overexpression of PSAP was co-localized with secretogranin in secretory acini (mostly in GCT cells) and the ductal system of the SMG, suggesting the release of excess PSAP from the salivary glands into the oral cavity. In conclusion, the salivary system produces more PSAP during neurotoxic conditions, which may play a protective role in maintaining the secretory function of the salivary glands and may work in distant organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzana Khan
- Research Center for Global and Local Infectious Diseases, Oita University, Yufu, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
- Department of Developmental Biology and Functional Genomics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Sakirul Khan
- Research Center for Global and Local Infectious Diseases, Oita University, Yufu, Oita, 879-5593, Japan.
- Department of Developmental Biology and Functional Genomics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan.
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Oita, 879-5593, Japan.
| | - Hiroaki Nabeka
- Department of Developmental Biology and Functional Genomics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Clinical Pharmacy, Matsuyama University, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8578, Japan
| | - Hitomi Mimuro
- Research Center for Global and Local Infectious Diseases, Oita University, Yufu, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Akira Nishizono
- Research Center for Global and Local Infectious Diseases, Oita University, Yufu, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Hamada
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Seiji Matsuda
- Department of Developmental Biology and Functional Genomics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
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Wu JJ, Zhang L, Liu D, Xia J, Yang Y, Tang F, Chen L, Ao H, Peng C. Ginsenoside Rg1, lights up the way for the potential prevention of Alzheimer's disease due to its therapeutic effects on the drug-controllable risk factors of Alzheimer's disease. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:116955. [PMID: 37536646 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In traditional Chinese medicine, Shen Nong, BenCao Jing, and Compendium of Materia Medica (Bencao Gangmu), Panax ginseng, and its prescriptions have been used for the treatment of dementia, depression, weight loss, Xiaoke disease (similar to diabetes), and vertigo. All these diseases are associated with the drug-controllable risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD), including depression, obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. Ginsenoside Rg1, one of the main active ingredients of P. ginseng and its congener Panax notoginseng, possesses therapeutic potentials against AD and associated diseases. This suggests that ginsenoside Rg1 might have the potential for AD prevention and treatment. Although the anti-AD effects of ginsenoside Rg1 have received more attention, a systematic review of its effects on depression, obesity, diabetes, and hypertension is not available. AIM OF THE REVIEW This systematic literature review comprehensively summarized existing literature on the therapeutic potentials of ginsenoside Rg1 in AD prevention for the propose of providing a foundation of future research aimed at enabling the use of such drugs in clinical practice. METHODS Information on ginsenoside Rg1 was collected from relevant published articles identified through a literature search in electronic scientific databases (PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar). The keywords used were "Ginsenoside Rg1," "Panax ginseng," "Source," "Alzheimer's disease," "Brain disorders," "Depression," "Obesity," "Diabetes," and "Hypertension." RESULTS The monomer ginsenoside Rg1 can be relatively easily obtained and has therapeutic potentials against AD. In vitro and in vivo experiments have demonstrated the therapeutic potentials of ginsenoside Rg1 against the drug-controllable risk factors of AD including depression, obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. Thus, ginsenoside Rg1 alleviates diseases resulting from AD risk factors by regulating multiple targets and pathways. CONCLUSIONS Ginsenoside Rg1 has the potentials to prevent AD by alleviating depression, obesity, diabetes, and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao-Jiao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Dong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jia Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Fei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Lu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Hui Ao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China; Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
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Jang K, Garraway SM. A review of dorsal root ganglia and primary sensory neuron plasticity mediating inflammatory and chronic neuropathic pain. NEUROBIOLOGY OF PAIN (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.) 2024; 15:100151. [PMID: 38314104 PMCID: PMC10837099 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2024.100151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Pain is a sensory state resulting from complex integration of peripheral nociceptive inputs and central processing. Pain consists of adaptive pain that is acute and beneficial for healing and maladaptive pain that is often persistent and pathological. Pain is indeed heterogeneous, and can be expressed as nociceptive, inflammatory, or neuropathic in nature. Neuropathic pain is an example of maladaptive pain that occurs after spinal cord injury (SCI), which triggers a wide range of neural plasticity. The nociceptive processing that underlies pain hypersensitivity is well-studied in the spinal cord. However, recent investigations show maladaptive plasticity that leads to pain, including neuropathic pain after SCI, also exists at peripheral sites, such as the dorsal root ganglia (DRG), which contains the cell bodies of sensory neurons. This review discusses the important role DRGs play in nociceptive processing that underlies inflammatory and neuropathic pain. Specifically, it highlights nociceptor hyperexcitability as critical to increased pain states. Furthermore, it reviews prior literature on glutamate and glutamate receptors, voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSC), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling in the DRG as important contributors to inflammatory and neuropathic pain. We previously reviewed BDNF's role as a bidirectional neuromodulator of spinal plasticity. Here, we shift focus to the periphery and discuss BDNF-TrkB expression on nociceptors, non-nociceptor sensory neurons, and non-neuronal cells in the periphery as a potential contributor to induction and persistence of pain after SCI. Overall, this review presents a comprehensive evaluation of large bodies of work that individually focus on pain, DRG, BDNF, and SCI, to understand their interaction in nociceptive processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeongran Jang
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Sandra M. Garraway
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
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12
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Abey NO, Ebuehi OAT, Imaga NA. Effect of perinatal dietary protein deficiency on some neurochemicals and cytoarchitectural balance, in F1 and F2 generations of rats. Nutr Neurosci 2023:1-16. [PMID: 37995096 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2023.2285085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACTProtein deficiency, characterized by an inadequate intake of protein in the diet that fails to meet the body's physiological requirements across various stages, can lead to detrimental outcomes. This is of interest due to the persistent low protein content in staple foods and suboptimal dietary patterns. The study sought to assess the intergenerational repercussions of dietary protein deficiency on specific neurochemicals and the cytoarchitecture of the brain within the F1 and F2 generations of rats. The rats were categorized into four groups based on the protein content percentage in their diets: 21% protein diet (21%PD), 10% protein diet (10%PD), 5% protein diet (5%PD), and control diet. Neurobehavior was assessed, while brain serotonin and dopamine levels were measured using HPLC. BDNF and GDNF expression in the hippocampal and prefrontal (PFC) sections, Immunohistochemical investigations of the morphological impact on the hippocampus and PFC, were also analyzed. The protein-deficient groups displayed anxiety, loss of striatal serotonin and increased dopamine levels, degenerated pyramidal cells in the hippocampus, and a prominent reduction in cellular density in the PFC. BDNF and GDNF levels in the PFC were reduced in the 5%PD group. GFAP astrocyte expression was observed to be increased in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampal sections, indicating heightened reactivity. The density of hypertrophied cells across generations further suggests the presence of neuroinflammation. Changes in brain structure, neurotransmitter levels, and neurotrophic factor levels may indicate intergenerational alterations in critical regions, potentially serving as indicators of the brain's adaptive response to address protein deficiency across successive generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nosarieme Omoregie Abey
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Osaretin Albert Taiwo Ebuehi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Ngozi Awa Imaga
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Nigeria
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Tshering Dhendup L, Sutapa D, Lee J, Mohammad AA, Sen A. Neurological potency of native plants from sub-Himalayan West Bengal through reverse pharmacology. Bioinformation 2023; 19:995-998. [PMID: 37969663 PMCID: PMC10640792 DOI: 10.6026/97320630019995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and epilepsy, pose a growing global health challenge due to an aging population. These conditions share common processes, including protein accumulation, oxidative stress, and neuro-inflammation, making their treatment complex and costly. Network pharmacology, an innovative approach integrating systems biology and computational biology, offers insights into multi-target formulations and the repurposing of existing medications for neurodegenerative diseases. We shortlisted 730 bioactive compounds from 25 traditional Himalayan plants, assessed their drug-like properties using ADME criteria, and predicted their potential target proteins through reverse docking and pharmacophore mapping. Our study identified 287 compounds with high gastrointestinal absorption and good blood-brain barrier permeability. These compounds were subjected to target prediction, yielding a list of 171 potential target proteins. Functional annotation and pathway enrichment analysis highlighted their involvement in steroid hormone-related pathways, MAPK signaling, FOXO signaling, TNF signaling, VEGF signaling, and neurotrophin signaling. Importantly, one plant, Valeriana jatamansi, exhibited an association with beta-amyloid binding activity, a potential therapeutic approach for AD. From our study we could understand how these plants modulate our body to manage these diseases. However, further in vitro and in vivo validation is needed before commercial and public use of this data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lepcha Tshering Dhendup
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohanpur, Siliguri-734013, India
| | - Datta Sutapa
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohanpur, Siliguri-734013, India
| | - Joongku Lee
- Department of Environmental and Forest Resources, Chungnam National University, Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ajmal Ali Mohammad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Sciences,King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arnab Sen
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohanpur, Siliguri-734013, India
- Bioinformatics Facility Centre, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohanpur, Siliguri-734013, India
- Biswa Bangla Genome Centre, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohanpur, Siliguri-734013, India
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Qu X, Zhang L, Wang L. Pterostilbene as a Therapeutic Alternative for Central Nervous System Disorders: A Review of the Current Status and Perspectives. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:14432-14457. [PMID: 37786984 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Neurological disorders are diverse, have complex causes, and often result in disability; yet, effective treatments remain scarce. The resveratrol derivative pterostilbene possesses numerous physiological activities that hold promise as a novel therapy for the central nervous system (CNS) disorders. This review aimed to summarize the protective mechanisms of pterostilbene in in vitro and in vivo models of CNS disorders and the pharmacokinetics and safety to assess its possible effects on CNS disorders. Available evidence supports the protective effects of pterostilbene in CNS disorders involving mechanisms such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, regulation of lipid metabolism and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, improvement of synaptic function and neurogenesis, induction of glioma cell cycle arrest, and inhibition of glioma cell migration and invasion. Studies have identified possible molecular targets and pathways for the protective actions of pterostilbene in CNS disorders including the AMPK/STAT3, Akt, NF-κB, MAPK, and ERK signaling pathways. The possible pharmacological effects and molecular pathways of pterostilbene in CNS disorders are critically discussed in this review. Future studies should aim to increase our understanding of pterostilbene in animal models and humans to further evaluate its role in CNS disorders and the detailed mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning, P.R. China
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15
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Narducci D, Charou D, Rogdakis T, Zota I, Bafiti V, Zervou M, Katsila T, Gravanis A, Prousis KC, Charalampopoulos I, Calogeropoulou T. A quest for the stereo-electronic requirements for selective agonism for the neurotrophin receptors TrkA and TrkB in 17-spirocyclic-dehydroepiandrosterone derivatives. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1244133. [PMID: 37840771 PMCID: PMC10568017 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1244133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The neurotrophin system plays a pivotal role in the development, morphology, and survival of the nervous system, and its dysregulation has been manifested in numerous neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory diseases. Neurotrophins NGF and BDNF are major growth factors that prevent neuronal death and synaptic loss through binding with high affinity to their specific tropomyosin-related kinase receptors namely, TrkA and TrkB, respectively. The poor pharmacokinetic properties prohibit the use of neurotrophins as therapeutic agents. Our group has previously synthesized BNN27, a prototype small molecule based on dehydroepiandrosterone, mimicking NGF through the activation of the TrkA receptor. Methods To obtain a better understanding of the stereo-electronic requirements for selective activation of TrkA and TrkB receptors, 27 new dehydroepiandrosterone derivatives bearing a C17-spiro-dihydropyran or cyclobutyl moiety were synthesized. The new compounds were evaluated for their ability (a) to selectively activate the TrkA receptor and its downstream signaling kinases Akt and Erk1/2 in PC12 cells, protecting these cells from serum deprivation-induced cell death, and (b) to induce phosphorylation of TrkB and to promote cell survival under serum deprivation conditions in NIH3T3 cells stable transfected with the TrkB receptor and primary cortical astrocytes. In addition the metabolic stability and CYP-mediated reaction was assessed. Results Among the novel derivatives, six were able to selectively protect PC12 cells through interaction with the TrkA receptor and five more to selectively protect TrkB-expressing cells via interaction with the TrkB receptor. In particular, compound ENT-A025 strongly induces TrkA and Erk1/2 phosphorylation, comparable to NGF, and can protect PC12 cells against serum deprivation-induced cell death. Furthermore, ENT-A065, ENT-A066, ENT-A068, ENT-A069, and ENT-A070 showed promising pro-survival effects in the PC12 cell line. Concerning TrkB agonists, ENT-A009 and ENT-A055 were able to induce phosphorylation of TrkB and reduce cell death levels in NIH3T3-TrkB cells. In addition, ENT-A076, ENT-A087, and ENT-A088 possessed antiapoptotic activity in NIH-3T3-TrkB cells exclusively mediated through the TrkB receptor. The metabolic stability and CYP-mediated reaction phenotyping of the potent analogs did not reveal any major liabilities. Discussion We have identified small molecule selective agonists of TrkA and TrkB receptors as promising lead neurotrophin mimetics for the development of potential therapeutics against neurodegenerative conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Narducci
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - Despoina Charou
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Thanasis Rogdakis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Ioanna Zota
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Vivi Bafiti
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Zervou
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - Theodora Katsila
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - Achille Gravanis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Kyriakos C. Prousis
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Charalampopoulos
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
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Carrera I, Corzo L, Martínez-Iglesias O, Naidoo V, Cacabelos R. Neuroprotective Effect of Nosustrophine in a 3xTg Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1306. [PMID: 37765114 PMCID: PMC10535028 DOI: 10.3390/ph16091306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegeneration, characterized by the progressive deterioration of neurons and glial cells, is a feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The present study aims to demonstrate that the onset and early progression of neurodegenerative processes in transgenic mice models of AD can be delayed by a cocktail of neurotrophic factors and derived peptides named Nosustrophine, a nootropic supplement made by a peptide complex extracted from the young porcine brain, ensuring neuroprotection and improving neuro-functional recovery. Experimental 3xTg-APP/Bin1/COPS5 transgenic mice models of AD were treated with Nosustrophine at two different early ages, and their neuropathological hallmark and behavior response were analyzed. Results showed that Nosustrophine increased the activity of the immune system and reduced pathological changes in the hippocampus and cortex by halting the development of amyloid plaques, mainly seen in mice of 3-4 months of age, indicating that its effect is more preventive than therapeutic. Taken together, the results indicate the potent neuroprotective activity of Nosustrophine and its stimulating effects on neuronal plasticity. This study shows for the first time an effective therapy using nootropic supplements against degenerative diseases, although further investigation is needed to understand their molecular pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Carrera
- EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science and Genomic Medicine, 15165 Bergondo, Corunna, Spain; (L.C.); (O.M.-I.); (V.N.); (R.C.)
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17
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Hersant H, He S, Maliha P, Grossberg G. Over the Counter Supplements for Memory: A Review of Available Evidence. CNS Drugs 2023; 37:797-817. [PMID: 37603263 DOI: 10.1007/s40263-023-01031-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
In 2021, the Global Brain Health Supplement Industry Market size was valued at US$7.6 billion. It is predicted to increase to US$15.59 billion by 2030. Memory and its enhancement are a segment of the market that comprised the highest global revenue share in 2021. In the USA alone, dietary supplement sales reached US$18 billion in 2018. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) does not have the authority to approve dietary supplements' safety, effectiveness, or labeling before products go on the market. The FDA often does not even review supplements before they go to market. Supplement manufacturers are thus responsible for ensuring their products are safe and that their claims are truthful. An extensive review of current supplements on the market was performed by surveying memory products for sale at local and national pharmacies and grocery stores. A list of 103 supplements was compiled and the ingredients in these memory supplements were reviewed. The 18 most common ingredients in these supplements were identified. Each of the supplements included at least one of the 18 most common ingredients. Scientific data relative to these ingredients and their effect on memory was searched using PubMed and Cochrane library databases. Currently, there is no compelling evidence for use of apoaequorin, coenzyme Q10, coffee extracts, L-theanine, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin B6, vitamin B9, or vitamin B12 supplementation for memory. On the other hand, there is some current evidence for memory benefit from supplementation with ashwagandha, choline, curcumin, ginger, Lion's Mane, polyphenols, phosphatidylserine, and turmeric. There are current studies with mixed results regarding the benefit of carnitine, gingko biloba, Huperzine A, vitamin D, and vitamin E supplementation for memory. Dietary supplements geared toward improving cognition are a billion-dollar industry that continues to grow despite lacking a solid scientific foundation for their marketing claims. More rigorous studies are needed relative to the long-term use of these supplements in homogenous populations with standardized measurements of cognition. Health care providers need to be aware of any and all supplements their older adult patients may be consuming and be educated about their side effects and interactions with prescription medications. Lastly, the FDA needs to take an active position relative to monitoring marketed supplements regarding safety, purity and claims of efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley Hersant
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1438 South Grand Boulevard, Saint Louis, MO, 63104, USA.
| | - Sean He
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1438 South Grand Boulevard, Saint Louis, MO, 63104, USA
| | - Peter Maliha
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1438 South Grand Boulevard, Saint Louis, MO, 63104, USA
| | - George Grossberg
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1438 South Grand Boulevard, Saint Louis, MO, 63104, USA
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Esalatmanesh S, Kashani L, Akhondzadeh S. Effects of Antidepressant Medication on Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor Concentration and Neuroplasticity in Depression: A Review of Preclinical and Clinical Studies. Avicenna J Med Biotechnol 2023; 15:129-138. [PMID: 37538241 PMCID: PMC10634295 DOI: 10.18502/ajmb.v15i3.12921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is the most prevalent and debilitating disease with great impact on societies. Evidence suggests Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) plays an important role in pathophysiology of depression. Depression is associated with altered synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis. BDNF is the main regulatory protein that affects neuronal plasticity in the hippocampus. A wealth of evidence shows decreased levels of BDNF in depressed patients. Important literature demonstrated that BDNF-TrkB signaling plays a key role in therapeutic action of antidepressants. Numerous studies have reported anti-depressant effects on serum/plasma levels of BDNF and neuroplasticity which may be related to improvement of depressive symptoms. Most of the evidence suggested increased levels of BDNF after antidepressant treatment. This review will summarize recent findings on the association between BDNF, neuroplasticity, and antidepressant response in depression. Also, we will review recent studies that evaluate the association between postpartum depression as a subtype of depression and BDNF levels in postpartum women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ladan Kashani
- Arash Women Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahin Akhondzadeh
- Psychiatric Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Machairiotis N, Vrachnis D, Antonakopoulos N, Loukas N, Fotiou A, Pergialiotis V, Stavros S, Mantzou A, Maroudias G, Iavazzo C, Kanaka-Gantenbein C, Drakakis P, Troupis T, Vlasis K, Vrachnis N. Detection and Quantification of Neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) and Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) Levels in Early Second Trimester Amniotic Fluid: Investigation into a Possible Correlation with Abnormal Fetal Growth Velocity Patterns. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4131. [PMID: 37373824 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12124131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal fetal growth is associated with adverse perinatal and long-term outcomes. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these conditions are still to be clarified. Nerve growth factor (NGF) and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) are two neurotrophins that are mainly involved in the neuroprotection process, namely promotion of growth and differentiation, maintenance, and survival of neurons. During pregnancy, they have been correlated with placental development and fetal growth. In this study, we aimed to determine the early 2nd trimester amniotic fluid levels of NGF and NT-3 and to investigate their association with fetal growth. METHODS This is a prospective observational study. A total of 51 amniotic fluid samples were collected from women undergoing amniocentesis early in the second trimester and were stored at -80 °C. Pregnancies were followed up until delivery and birth weight was recorded. Based on birth weight, the amniotic fluid samples were divided into three groups: appropriate for gestational age (AGA), small for gestational age (SGA), and large for gestational age (LGA). NGF and NT-3 levels were determined by using Elisa kits. RESULTS NGF concentrations were similar between the studied groups; median values were 10.15 pg/mL, 10.15 pg/mL, and 9.14 pg/mL in SGA, LGA, and AGA fetuses, respectively. Regarding NT-3, a trend was observed towards increased NT-3 levels as fetal growth velocity decreased; median concentrations were 11.87 pg/mL, 15.9 pg/mL, and 23.5 pg/mL in SGA, AGA, and LGA fetuses, respectively, although the differences among the three groups were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that fetal growth disturbances do not induce increased or decreased production of NGF and NT-3 in early second trimester amniotic fluid. The trend observed towards increased NT-3 levels as fetal growth velocity decreased shows that there may be a compensatory mechanism in place that operates in conjunction with the brain-sparing effect. Further associations between these two neurotrophins and fetal growth disturbances are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Machairiotis
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General University Hospital "Attikon", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Dionysios Vrachnis
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10676 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Antonakopoulos
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General University Hospital "Attikon", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Patras, Medical School, University of Patras, 26500 Patra, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Loukas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tzaneio General Hospital, 18536 Piraeus, Greece
| | - Alexandros Fotiou
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General University Hospital "Attikon", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Vasilios Pergialiotis
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10676 Athens, Greece
| | - Sofoklis Stavros
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General University Hospital "Attikon", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Aimilia Mantzou
- First Department of Pediatrics, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10676 Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Maroudias
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tzaneio General Hospital, 18536 Piraeus, Greece
| | - Christos Iavazzo
- Gynecologic Oncology Department, Metaxa Memorial Cancer Hospital, 18537 Piraeus, Greece
| | - Christina Kanaka-Gantenbein
- First Department of Pediatrics, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10676 Athens, Greece
| | - Petros Drakakis
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General University Hospital "Attikon", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Theodore Troupis
- Gynecologic Oncology Department, Metaxa Memorial Cancer Hospital, 18537 Piraeus, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Vlasis
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10676 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Vrachnis
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General University Hospital "Attikon", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
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Zhang J, Liu R, Xu A. Whole transcriptome sequencing analysis of blood plasma-derived exosomes from immune-related hearing loss. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 120:110361. [PMID: 37244117 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early diagnosis of immune-related hearing loss and timely treatment can prevent structural damage to the inner ear and contribute to hearing retention. Exosomal miRNAs, lncRNAs and proteins have great prospects as novel biomarkers for clinical diagnosis. Our study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of exosomes or exosomal ceRNA regulatory networks in immune-related hearing loss. METHODS An immune-related hearing loss mice model was constructed by injection with inner ear antigen, and then the blood plasma samples of the mice were collected for exosomes isolation by ultra-centrifugation. Subsequently, the different exosomes were sent for whole transcriptome sequencing using Illumina platform. Finally, a ceRNA pair was chosen for validation by RT-qPCR and dual luciferase reporter gene assay. RESULTS The exosomes were successfully extracted from the blood samples of the control and the immune-related hearing loss mice. After sequencing, 94 differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs, 612 DEmRNAs, and 100 DEmiRNAs were found in the immune-related hearing loss-associated exosomes. Afterwards, ceRNA regulatory networks consisting of 74 lncRNAs, 28 miRNAs and 256 mRNAs were proposed, and the genes in the ceRNA regulatory networks were significantly enriched in 34 GO terms of biological processes and 9 KEGG pathways. Finally, Gm9866 and Dusp7 were significantly up-regulated, while miR-185-5p level was declined in the exosomes from immune-related hearing loss, and Gm9866, miR-185-5p and Dusp7 interacted with each other. CONCLUSIONS Gm9866-miR-185-5p-Dusp7 was confirmed to be closely correlated with the occurrence and progression of immune-related hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhong Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing 401147, China; Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong 250033, China
| | - Ruiyue Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong 250033, China; Department of Otolaryngology, Heze Municipal Hospital, Shandong 27400, China
| | - Anting Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong 250033, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology, Shandong University, Shandong 250033, China.
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21
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Yang Z, Zhou Y. The repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in Alzheimer's disease patients with behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia: a case report. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:354. [PMID: 37221495 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04864-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is a noninvasive intervention, can significantly reduce behavioral and psychological symptoms and cognitive impairment in AD patients. Only few cases have been reported the adverse reactions after the treatment. This report described the different adverse reactions after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation with different parameters. PATIENT PRESENTATION This article reports a patient with dementia complicated with mental behavior disorder who was treated with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in spite of poor drug response. First, 1 Hz rTMS was initiated. After 1 month, the patient showed improved symptoms of mental behavior, decreased cognitive function and prolonged sleep duration. After switched to 10 Hz rTMS, the patient's cognitive function and mental behavior abnormalities improved, and the sleep time returned to normal. However, epilepsy occurred after one session and was changed to 0.8 Hz rTMS treatment. The patient's symptoms improved and did not have seizure. CONCLUSION Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation has a positive effect on cognitive function and Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms Of Dementia, and adverse reactions are inevitable. Playing personalized treatment according to the patients can reduce occurrence of adverse reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yang
- University of South China, Heng Yang, 421001, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Neurology Department, The First Hospital Of Chang Sha, Chang Sha City, 410000, China.
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22
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Hassamal S. Chronic stress, neuroinflammation, and depression: an overview of pathophysiological mechanisms and emerging anti-inflammatories. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1130989. [PMID: 37252156 PMCID: PMC10213648 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1130989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In a subset of patients, chronic exposure to stress is an etiological risk factor for neuroinflammation and depression. Neuroinflammation affects up to 27% of patients with MDD and is associated with a more severe, chronic, and treatment-resistant trajectory. Inflammation is not unique to depression and has transdiagnostic effects suggesting a shared etiological risk factor underlying psychopathologies and metabolic disorders. Research supports an association but not necessarily a causation with depression. Putative mechanisms link chronic stress to dysregulation of the HPA axis and immune cell glucocorticoid resistance resulting in hyperactivation of the peripheral immune system. The chronic extracellular release of DAMPs and immune cell DAMP-PRR signaling creates a feed forward loop that accelerates peripheral and central inflammation. Higher plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines, most consistently interleukin IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, are correlated with greater depressive symptomatology. Cytokines sensitize the HPA axis, disrupt the negative feedback loop, and further propagate inflammatory reactions. Peripheral inflammation exacerbates central inflammation (neuroinflammation) through several mechanisms including disruption of the blood-brain barrier, immune cellular trafficking, and activation of glial cells. Activated glial cells release cytokines, chemokines, and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species into the extra-synaptic space dysregulating neurotransmitter systems, imbalancing the excitatory to inhibitory ratio, and disrupting neural circuitry plasticity and adaptation. In particular, microglial activation and toxicity plays a central role in the pathophysiology of neuroinflammation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies most consistently show reduced hippocampal volumes. Neural circuitry dysfunction such as hypoactivation between the ventral striatum and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex underlies the melancholic phenotype of depression. Chronic administration of monoamine-based antidepressants counters the inflammatory response, but with a delayed therapeutic onset. Therapeutics targeting cell mediated immunity, generalized and specific inflammatory signaling pathways, and nitro-oxidative stress have enormous potential to advance the treatment landscape. Future clinical trials will need to include immune system perturbations as biomarker outcome measures to facilitate novel antidepressant development. In this overview, we explore the inflammatory correlates of depression and elucidate pathomechanisms to facilitate the development of novel biomarkers and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Hassamal
- California University of Sciences and Medicine, Colton, CA, United States
- Clinicaltriallink, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- California Neuropsychiatric Institute, Ontario, CA, United States
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23
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Blanco HM, Perez CN, Banchio C, Alvarez SE, Ciuffo GM. Neurite outgrowth induced by stimulation of angiotensin II AT 2 receptors in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells involves c-Src activation. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15656. [PMID: 37144208 PMCID: PMC10151373 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma, the most common extracranial solid tumor occurring in childhood, originates from the aberrant proliferation of neural crest cells. Accordingly, the mechanism underling neuronal differentiation could provide new strategies for neuroblastoma treatment. It is well known that neurite outgrowth could be induced by Angiotensin II (Ang II) AT2 receptors; however, the signaling mechanism and its possible interaction with NGF (neural growth factor) receptors remain unclear. Here, we show that Ang II and CGP42112A (AT2 receptor agonist) promote neuronal differentiation by inducing neurite outgrowth and βIII-tubulin expression in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. In addition, we demonstrate that treatment with PD123319 (AT2 receptor antagonist) reverts Ang II or CGP42112A-induced differentiation. By using specific pharmacological inhibitors we established that neurite outgrowth induced by CGP42112A requires the activation of MEK (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase), SphK (sphingosine kinase) and c-Src but not PI3K (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase). Certainly, CGP42112A stimulated a rapid and transient (30 s, 1 min) phosphorylation of c-Src at residue Y416 (indicative of activation), following by a Src deactivation as indicated by phosphorylation of Y527. Moreover, inhibition of the NGF receptor tyrosine kinase A (TrkA) reduced neurite outgrowth induced by Ang II and CGP42112A. In summary, we demonstrated that AT2 receptor-stimulated neurite outgrowth in SH-SY5Y cells involves the induction of MEK, SphK and c-Src and suggests a possible transactivation of TrkA. In that regard, AT2 signaling pathway is a key player in neuronal differentiation and might be a potential target for therapeutic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helga M. Blanco
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL), Ejército de los Andes 950, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
| | - Celia N. Perez
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL), Ejército de los Andes 950, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas (IMIBIO-SL), CONICET, Argentina
| | - Claudia Banchio
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR, CONICET) Ocampo y Esmeralda, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), 2000 Rosario, Argentina
| | - Sergio E. Alvarez
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL), Ejército de los Andes 950, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas (IMIBIO-SL), CONICET, Argentina
- Corresponding author. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas (IMIBIO-SL CONICET), Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Ejército de los Andes 950, 5700 San Luis, Argentina.
| | - Gladys M. Ciuffo
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL), Ejército de los Andes 950, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas (IMIBIO-SL), CONICET, Argentina
- Corresponding author. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas (IMIBIO-SL CONICET), Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Ejército de los Andes 950, 5700 San Luis, Argentina.
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Munni YA, Dash R, Mitra S, Dash N, Shima M, Moon IS. Mechanistic study of Coriandrum sativum on neuritogenesis and synaptogenesis based on computationally guided in vitro analyses. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 306:116165. [PMID: 36641106 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Acceleration of neurite outgrowth and halting neurodegeneration are the most critical factors that are negatively regulated in various neurodegenerative diseases or injuries in the central nervous system (CNS). Functional foods or nutrients are considered alternative sources of bioactive components to alleviate various CNS injuries by promoting neuritogenesis and synaptogenesis, while their exact molecular mechanism remains unexplored. AIM OF THE STUDY Coriandrum sativum L. (CS) is one of the popular herbs in the Apiaceae family, of which CNS modulating action is a well-documented traditionally but detailed study on memory boosting function yet remains unexplored. Consequently, this study aims to analyze the neurogenic and synaptogenic modulation of CS aqueous ethanol (CSAE) extract in the primary hippocampal neurons. MATERIALS AND METHODS Primary hippocampal neurons were cultured and allowed to incubate with CSAE or vehicle. To observe the early neuronal differentiation, axonal and dendritic arborization, and synapse formation, neurons were immune-stained against indicated antibodies or stained directly with a lipophilic dye (1, 1'-dioctadecyl-3, 3, 3', 3'-tetramethyl indocarbocyanine perchlorate, DiL). Meanwhile, western blot was used to validate the synaptogenesis effect of CSAE compared to vehicle. Additionally, molecular docking and system pharmacology approaches were applied to confirm the possible secondary metabolites and pathways by which CSAE promotes neuritogenesis. RESULTS Results show that CSAE can induce neuritogenesis and synaptogenesis at 30 μg/mL concentration. The treatment impacts early neuronal polarization, axonal and dendritic arborization, synaptogenesis, and synaptic plasticity via NMDARs expressions in primary neurons. In silico network pharmacology of CS metabolites show that the CSAE-mediated neurogenic effect is likely dependent on the NTRK2 (TrkB) mediated neurotrophin signaling pathway. Indeed, the observed neurogenic activity of CSAE is markedly reduced upon the co-treatment with a TrkB-specific inhibitor. Furthermore, molecular docking following binding energy calculation shows that one of the CS metabolites, scoparone, has a high affinity to bind in the BDNF mimetic binding site of TrkB, suggesting its role in TrkB activation. Scoparone was found to enhance neuritogenesis, but not to the same extent as CSAE. Moreover, the expression of TrkB signaling-related proteins (BCL2, CASP3, GSK3, and BDNF), which was found to be modulated by scoparone, was significantly affected by the co-treatment of TrkB inhibitor (ANA-12). These results further suggest that the modulation of neuritogenesis by scoparone is TrkB-dependent. CONCLUSIONS This study provides deeper insights into the molecular mechanism of CS in boosting neuronal growth and memory function, which might implicate the prevention of many neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeasmin Akter Munni
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Raju Dash
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea; Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Sarmistha Mitra
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Nayan Dash
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, 4381, Bangladesh
| | - Mutakabrun Shima
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Molecular Pharmacology, East West University, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Il Soo Moon
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea.
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Xu X, Zhou R, Ying J, Li X, Lu R, Qu Y, Mu D. Irisin prevents hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in rats by inhibiting oxidative stress and protecting the blood-brain barrier. Peptides 2023; 161:170945. [PMID: 36623553 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2023.170945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is associated with excessive inflammation, blood-brain barrier dysfunction, and oxidative stress. Irisin can reduce inflammation and ameliorate oxidative stress; however, its effects on hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in newborns are unknown. Newborn Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to hypoxic-ischemic injury and irisin treatment. TUNEL staining assays, the albumin-Evans blue dye extravasation method, an antioxidants detection kit, quantitative reverse-transcriptase PCR, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, Western blot analysis, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy were used to investigate the possible mechanisms underlying the prevention of HIE by irisin. We discovered that rats affected by HIE and administered irisin had lower levels of IL-6 (but not TNF-α or IL-1β) less oxidative stress, and enhanced blood-brain barrier integrity. Irisin can effectively attenuate brain damage by reducing oxidative stress and protecting the blood-brain barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanpei Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Inner Mongolia Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Hohhot 010011, China
| | - Ruixi Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Junjie Ying
- Department of Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Xiaoxue Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ruifeng Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Yi Qu
- Department of Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dezhi Mu
- Department of Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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26
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Saini S, Khurana S, Saini D, Rajput S, Thakur CJ, Singh J, Jaswal A, Kapoor Y, Kumar V, Saini A. In silico analysis of genomic landscape of SARS-CoV-2 and its variant of concerns (Delta and Omicron) reveals changes in the coding potential of miRNAs and their target genes. Gene X 2023; 853:147097. [PMID: 36470485 PMCID: PMC9721428 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.147097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 related morbidities and mortalities are still continued due to the emergence of new variants of SARS-CoV-2. In the last few years, viral miRNAs have been the centre of study to understand the disease pathophysiology. In this work, we aimed to predict the change in coding potential of the viral miRNAs in SARS-CoV-2's VOCs, Delta and Omicron compared to the Reference (Wuhan origin) strain using bioinformatics tools. After ab-intio based screening by the Vmir tool and validation, we retrieved 22, 6, and 6 pre-miRNAs for Reference, Delta, and Omicron. Most of the predicted unique pre-miRNAs of Delta and Omicron were found to be encoded from the terminal and origin of the genomic sequence, respectively. Mature miRNAs identified by MatureBayes from the unique pre-miRNAs were used for target identification using miRDB. A total of 1786, 216, and 143 high-confidence target genes were captured for GO (Gene Ontology) and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) analysis. The GO and KEGG pathways terms analysis revealed the involvement of Delta miRNAs targeted genes in the pathways such as Human cytomegalovirus infection, Breast cancer, Apoptosis, Neurotrophin signaling, and Axon guidance whereas the Sphingolipid signaling pathway was found for the Omicron. Furthermore, we focussed our analysis on target genes that were validated through GEO's (Gene Expression Omnibus) DEGs (Differentially Expressed Genes) dataset, in which FGL2, TNSF12, OGN, GDF11, and BMP11 target genes were found to be down-regulated by Reference miRNAs and YAE1 and RSU1 by Delta. Few genes were also observed to be validated among in up-regulated gene set of the GEO dataset, in which MMP14, TNFRSF21, SGMS1, and TMEM192 were related to Reference whereas ZEB2 was detected in all three strains. This study thus provides an in-silico based analysis that deciphered the unique pre-miRNAs in Delta and Omicron compared to Reference. However, the findings need future wet lab studies for validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Saini
- Department of Bioinformatics, Goswami Ganesh Dutta Sanatan Dharma College, Sector 32, Chandigarh 160030, India,Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Sector 25, Chandigarh 160014, India,Corresponding authors at: Department of Bioinformatics, Goswami Ganesh Dutta Sanatan Dharma College, Sector 32, Chandigarh 160030, India (S. Saini)
| | - Savi Khurana
- Department of Bioinformatics, Goswami Ganesh Dutta Sanatan Dharma College, Sector 32, Chandigarh 160030, India
| | - Dikshant Saini
- Department of Bioinformatics, Goswami Ganesh Dutta Sanatan Dharma College, Sector 32, Chandigarh 160030, India
| | - Saru Rajput
- Department of Bioinformatics, Goswami Ganesh Dutta Sanatan Dharma College, Sector 32, Chandigarh 160030, India
| | - Chander Jyoti Thakur
- Department of Bioinformatics, Goswami Ganesh Dutta Sanatan Dharma College, Sector 32, Chandigarh 160030, India
| | - Jeevisha Singh
- Department of Bioinformatics, Goswami Ganesh Dutta Sanatan Dharma College, Sector 32, Chandigarh 160030, India
| | - Akanksha Jaswal
- Department of Bioinformatics, Goswami Ganesh Dutta Sanatan Dharma College, Sector 32, Chandigarh 160030, India
| | - Yogesh Kapoor
- Department of Engineering and Technology, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Varinder Kumar
- Department of Bioinformatics, Goswami Ganesh Dutta Sanatan Dharma College, Sector 32, Chandigarh 160030, India
| | - Avneet Saini
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Sector 25, Chandigarh 160014, India,Corresponding authors at: Department of Bioinformatics, Goswami Ganesh Dutta Sanatan Dharma College, Sector 32, Chandigarh 160030, India (S. Saini)
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Neurotrophic Factors as Regenerative Therapy for Neurodegenerative Diseases: Current Status, Challenges and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043866. [PMID: 36835277 PMCID: PMC9968045 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), multiple sclerosis (MS), spinal cord injury (SCI), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), are characterized by acute or chronic progressive loss of one or several neuronal subtypes. However, despite their increasing prevalence, little progress has been made in successfully treating these diseases. Research has recently focused on neurotrophic factors (NTFs) as potential regenerative therapy for neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we discuss the current state of knowledge, challenges, and future perspectives of NTFs with a direct regenerative effect in chronic inflammatory and degenerative disorders. Various systems for delivery of NTFs, such as stem and immune cells, viral vectors, and biomaterials, have been applied to deliver exogenous NTFs to the central nervous system, with promising results. The challenges that currently need to be overcome include the amount of NTFs delivered, the invasiveness of the delivery route, the blood-brain barrier permeability, and the occurrence of side effects. Nevertheless, it is important to continue research and develop standards for clinical applications. In addition to the use of single NTFs, the complexity of chronic inflammatory and degenerative diseases may require combination therapies targeting multiple pathways or other possibilities using smaller molecules, such as NTF mimetics, for effective treatment.
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28
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Üstündağ FD, Ünal İ, Üstündağ ÜV, Cansız D, Beler M, Alturfan AA, Tiber PM, Emekli-Alturfan E. Morphine ameliorates pentylenetetrazole-induced locomotor pattern in zebrafish embryos; mechanism involving regulation of opioid receptors, suppression of oxidative stress, and inflammation in epileptogenesis. Toxicol Mech Methods 2023; 33:151-160. [PMID: 35866229 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2022.2105182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is becoming an increasingly important model in epilepsy research. Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) is a convulsant agent that induces epileptic seizure-like state in zebrafish and zebrafish embryos and is most commonly used in antiepileptic drug discovery research to evaluate seizure mechanisms. Classical antiepileptic drugs, such as valproic acid (VPA) reduce PTZ-induced epileptiform activities. Opioid system has been suggested to play a role in epileptogenesis. The aim of our study is to determine the effects of morphine in PTZ-induced epilepsy model in zebrafish embryos by evaluating locomotor activity and parameters related to oxidant-antioxidant status, inflammation, and cholinergic system as well as markers of neuronal activity c-fos, bdnf, and opioid receptors. Zebrafish embryos at 72 hpf were exposed to PTZ (20 mM), VPA (1 mM), and Morphine (MOR) (100 µM). MOR and VPA pretreated groups were treated with either MOR (MOR + PTZ) or VPA (VPA + PTZ) for 20 min before PTZ expoure. Locomotor activity was quantified as total distance moved (mm), average speed (mm/sec) and exploration rate (%) and analyzed using ToxTrac tracking programme. Oxidant-antioxidant system parameters, acetylcholinesterase activity, and sialic acid leves were evaluated using spectrophotometric methods. The expression of c-fos, bdnf, oprm1, and oprd1 were evaluated by RT-PCR. MOR pretreatment ameliorated PTZ-induced locomotor pattern as evidenced by improved average speed, exploration rate and distance traveled. We report the restoration of inflammatory and oxidant-antioxidant system parameters, c-fos, bdnf, and opioid receptor oprm1 as the possible mechanisms involved in the ameliorative effect of MOR against PTZ-induced epileptogenic process in zebrafish embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fümet Duygu Üstündağ
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - İsmail Ünal
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Health Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ünsal Veli Üstündağ
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical Biochemistry, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Derya Cansız
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical Biochemistry, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Merih Beler
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Health Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - A Ata Alturfan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pınar Mega Tiber
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ebru Emekli-Alturfan
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
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29
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Modulatory Effect of Neurotrophic Factors on the TRPV1 Expression: Possible Mechanisms Involved in the Antiepileptic Effect of Exercise. ARCHIVES OF NEUROSCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.5812/ans-134555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Background: Epilepsy is one of the most important diseases of the central nervous system, for which has no definitive treatment. Neurotrophic factors increase the survival of nerve cells and improve the treatment of neurological diseases. Identifying factors that affect the increase of neurotrophins in the brain is an important goal for brain health and function. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of exercise on neurotrophic factors by influencing the expression of vanilloid receptor type 1 (TRPV1). Methods: Convulsions were induced by injecting pentylenetetrazol (PTZ; 35 mg/kg) five hours after exercise. Animals were divided into five groups: sham (Sham), seizure (PTZ), exercise (EX), exercise with seizure induction (EX+PTZ), and exercise before seizure induction (EX-PTZ). The exercise was 30 minutes of forced running on a treadmill, five days a week for four weeks. Results: The average percentage of NGF cells in the exercise groups (EX), exercise with seizure induction (EX+PTZ), and exercise before seizure induction (EX-PTZ), and GDNF in the exercise group with seizure induction (EX+PTZ) had a significant increase compared to the seizure group (PTZ). Also, TRPV1 activity in exercise groups (EX), exercise with seizure induction (EX+PTZ), and exercise before seizure induction (EX-PTZ) showed a significant increase compared to the seizure group (PTZ). Conclusions: Our findings suggested the possible antiepileptic and antiepileptogenesis effects of exercise through activation of neurotrophic factors and TRPV1 modulation.
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Elia A, Fossati S. Autonomic nervous system and cardiac neuro-signaling pathway modulation in cardiovascular disorders and Alzheimer's disease. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1060666. [PMID: 36798942 PMCID: PMC9926972 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1060666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The heart is a functional syncytium controlled by a delicate and sophisticated balance ensured by the tight coordination of its several cell subpopulations. Accordingly, cardiomyocytes together with the surrounding microenvironment participate in the heart tissue homeostasis. In the right atrium, the sinoatrial nodal cells regulate the cardiac impulse propagation through cardiomyocytes, thus ensuring the maintenance of the electric network in the heart tissue. Notably, the central nervous system (CNS) modulates the cardiac rhythm through the two limbs of the autonomic nervous system (ANS): the parasympathetic and sympathetic compartments. The autonomic nervous system exerts non-voluntary effects on different peripheral organs. The main neuromodulator of the Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) is norepinephrine, while the principal neurotransmitter of the Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS) is acetylcholine. Through these two main neurohormones, the ANS can gradually regulate cardiac, vascular, visceral, and glandular functions by turning on one of its two branches (adrenergic and/or cholinergic), which exert opposite effects on targeted organs. Besides these neuromodulators, the cardiac nervous system is ruled by specific neuropeptides (neurotrophic factors) that help to preserve innervation homeostasis through the myocardial layers (from epicardium to endocardium). Interestingly, the dysregulation of this neuro-signaling pathway may expose the cardiac tissue to severe disorders of different etiology and nature. Specifically, a maladaptive remodeling of the cardiac nervous system may culminate in a progressive loss of neurotrophins, thus leading to severe myocardial denervation, as observed in different cardiometabolic and neurodegenerative diseases (myocardial infarction, heart failure, Alzheimer's disease). This review analyzes the current knowledge on the pathophysiological processes involved in cardiac nervous system impairment from the perspectives of both cardiac disorders and a widely diffused and devastating neurodegenerative disorder, Alzheimer's disease, proposing a relationship between neurodegeneration, loss of neurotrophic factors, and cardiac nervous system impairment. This overview is conducive to a more comprehensive understanding of the process of cardiac neuro-signaling dysfunction, while bringing to light potential therapeutic scenarios to correct or delay the adverse cardiovascular remodeling, thus improving the cardiac prognosis and quality of life in patients with heart or neurodegenerative disorders.
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Chen S, Huang W, He T, Zhang M, Jin X, Jiang L, Xu H, Chen K. Exploring the Causality Between Plasma Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Neurological Diseases: A Mendelian Randomization Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 96:135-148. [PMID: 37742652 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a protein synthesized in the brain and widely expressed in the nervous system. Previous studies have demonstrated a controversial role of BDNF in neurological diseases. OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to assess the association between BDNF levels and the risk of neurological diseases by Mendelian randomization analysis. METHODS From a genome-wide association analysis of plasma proteins comprising 3,301 European participants, we isolated 25 genetic variations as instrumental variables for BDNF levels. Summary statistics data on six common neurological diseases as outcome variables. Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was used to assess whether plasma BDNF is causally related to neurological diseases. We also performed sensitivity analysis to ensure the robustness of the results and reverse MR to exclude potential reverse causality. RESULTS We confirmed the significant causal relationship between BDNF levels and the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) (OR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.85, 0.98; p = 0.013). Other methods have also shown similar results. We infer that BDNF also reduces the risk of epilepsy (OR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.90, 0.98; p = 0.004). In reverse MR analysis, we also found that AD can affect the level of BDNF. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests higher plasma BDNF was associated with the reduced risk of AD. Moreover, higher plasma BDNF is a protective factor on AD and focal epilepsy. The results provide credence to the idea that BDNF may play a significant role in the development of focal epilepsy and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihao Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenting Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Tao He
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Mulan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xing Jin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | | | - Huiqin Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Keyang Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Zhu Q, Jiang F, Song Y, Lu L, He F, Huang S, Huang Z, Yao J, Lei N, Huang J, Lu S. Small noncoding RNA dysregulation is implicated in manganism in a rat model of methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl-induced unrepaired striatum damage. J Toxicol Sci 2023; 48:535-546. [PMID: 37778982 DOI: 10.2131/jts.48.535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of excessively high manganese levels within the brain can contribute to a series of Parkinsonian symptoms referred to as manganism. The gasoline antiknock additive Methylcyclopentadienyl Manganese Tricarbonyl (MMT) is an environmental source of manganese exposure and can induce manganism in rats. While some prior reports have demonstrated the differential expression of small noncoding RNAs (sncRNAs) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), the degree of sncRNA dysfunction in manganism has yet to be clearly documented. As sncRNAs such as transfer RNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) and ribosomal RNA-derived small RNAs (rsRNAs) exhibit high levels of modifications such as 3' terminal 3'-phosphate and 2',3'-cyclic phosphate modifications that disrupt the process of adapter ligation and m1A, m3C, m1G, and m22G RNA methylation, these transcripts are not detected in traditional small RNA-sequencing studies. Here, differential sncRNA expression was analyzed by comparing a rat model of MMT-induced unrepaired striatum damage to appropriate control samples via PANDORA-Seq, which can detect highly modified sncRNAs. Following the removal of sncRNA modifications, this approach identified 599 sncRNAs that were differentially expressed in the striatum of MMT-exposed rats relative to controls, as well as 1155 sncRNAs that were differentially expressed in Mn-treated and control rats. Additional functional analyses were performed to predict the putative targets of these sncRNAs, implicating a role for such sncRNA dysregulation in the pathogenesis of manganism in this rat model system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifeng Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, China
- Department of Centre for Translational Medical Research in Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Fan Jiang
- Department of Rehabilitation medicine, the First Institute of Clinical Medicine Guangxi Medical University, China
| | - Yuanbo Song
- Department of Centre for Translational Medical Research in Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Lili Lu
- Department of Centre for Translational Medical Research in Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Fajian He
- RnD Department, Wilking Biotechnology Co., Ltd, China
| | - Shuqi Huang
- RnD Department, Wilking Biotechnology Co., Ltd, China
| | - Zhaoying Huang
- Department of Neurology, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Jing Yao
- Department of Centre for Translational Medical Research in Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Ningning Lei
- Department of Centre for Translational Medical Research in Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Jianmin Huang
- Department of Neurology, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Shijin Lu
- Department of Centre for Translational Medical Research in Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, China
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Sharma HS, Muresanu DF, Nozari A, Lafuente JV, Buzoianu AD, Tian ZR, Huang H, Feng L, Bryukhovetskiy I, Manzhulo I, Wiklund L, Sharma A. Neuroprotective Effects of Nanowired Delivery of Cerebrolysin with Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Monoclonal Antibodies to Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase in Brain Pathology Following Alzheimer's Disease Exacerbated by Concussive Head Injury. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2023; 32:139-192. [PMID: 37480461 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-32997-5_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Concussive head injury (CHI) is one of the major risk factors in developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) in military personnel at later stages of life. Breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in CHI leads to extravasation of plasma amyloid beta protein (ΑβP) into the brain fluid compartments precipitating AD brain pathology. Oxidative stress in CHI or AD is likely to enhance production of nitric oxide indicating a role of its synthesizing enzyme neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in brain pathology. Thus, exploration of the novel roles of nanomedicine in AD or CHI reducing NOS upregulation for neuroprotection are emerging. Recent research shows that stem cells and neurotrophic factors play key roles in CHI-induced aggravation of AD brain pathologies. Previous studies in our laboratory demonstrated that CHI exacerbates AD brain pathology in model experiments. Accordingly, it is quite likely that nanodelivery of NOS antibodies together with cerebrolysin and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) will induce superior neuroprotection in AD associated with CHI. In this review, co-administration of TiO2 nanowired cerebrolysin - a balanced composition of several neurotrophic factors and active peptide fragments, together with MSCs and monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to neuronal NOS is investigated for superior neuroprotection following exacerbation of brain pathology in AD exacerbated by CHI based on our own investigations. Our observations show that nanowired delivery of cerebrolysin, MSCs and neuronal NOS in combination induces superior neuroprotective in brain pathology in AD exacerbated by CHI, not reported earlier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari Shanker Sharma
- International Experimental Central Nervous System Injury & Repair (IECNSIR), Department of Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Dafin F Muresanu
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- "RoNeuro" Institute for Neurological Research and Diagnostic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ala Nozari
- Anesthesiology & Intensive Care, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - José Vicente Lafuente
- LaNCE, Department of Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Anca D Buzoianu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Z Ryan Tian
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Hongyun Huang
- Beijing Hongtianji Neuroscience Academy, Beijing, China
| | - Lianyuan Feng
- Department of Neurology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Igor Bryukhovetskiy
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Igor Manzhulo
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Lars Wiklund
- International Experimental Central Nervous System Injury & Repair (IECNSIR), Department of Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Aruna Sharma
- International Experimental Central Nervous System Injury & Repair (IECNSIR), Department of Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Antidepressive Effect of Natural Products and Their Derivatives Targeting BDNF-TrkB in Gut-Brain Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314968. [PMID: 36499295 PMCID: PMC9737781 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern neurological approaches enable detailed studies on the pathophysiology and treatment of depression. An imbalance in the microbiota-gut-brain axis contributes to the pathogenesis of depression. This extensive review aimed to elucidate the antidepressive effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-targeting therapeutic natural products and their derivatives on the gut-brain axis. This information could facilitate the development of novel antidepressant drugs. BDNF is crucial for neuronal genesis, growth, differentiation, survival, plasticity, and synaptic transmission. Signaling via BDNF and its receptor tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) plays a vital role in the etiopathogenesis of depression and the therapeutic mechanism of antidepressants. This comprehensive review provides information to researchers and scientists for the identification of novel therapeutic approaches for neuropsychiatric disorders, especially depression and stress. Future research should aim to determine the possible causative role of BDNF-TrkB in the gut-brain axis in depression, which will require further animal and clinical research as well as the development of analytical approaches.
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Modeling Movement Disorders via Generation of hiPSC-Derived Motor Neurons. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233796. [PMID: 36497056 PMCID: PMC9737271 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Generation of motor neurons (MNs) from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) overcomes the limited access to human brain tissues and provides an unprecedent approach for modeling MN-related diseases. In this review, we discuss the recent progression in understanding the regulatory mechanisms of MN differentiation and their applications in the generation of MNs from hiPSCs, with a particular focus on two approaches: induction by small molecules and induction by lentiviral delivery of transcription factors. At each induction stage, different culture media and supplements, typical growth conditions and cellular morphology, and specific markers for validation of cell identity and quality control are specifically discussed. Both approaches can generate functional MNs. Currently, the major challenges in modeling neurological diseases using iPSC-derived neurons are: obtaining neurons with high purity and yield; long-term neuron culture to reach full maturation; and how to culture neurons more physiologically to maximize relevance to in vivo conditions.
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Figueiredo CA, Düsedau HP, Steffen J, Ehrentraut S, Dunay MP, Toth G, Reglödi D, Heimesaat MM, Dunay IR. The neuropeptide PACAP alleviates T. gondii infection-induced neuroinflammation and neuronal impairment. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:274. [PMCID: PMC9675261 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02639-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cerebral infection with the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is responsible for inflammation of the central nervous system (CNS) contributing to subtle neuronal alterations. Albeit essential for brain parasite control, continuous microglia activation and recruitment of peripheral immune cells entail distinct neuronal impairment upon infection-induced neuroinflammation. PACAP is an endogenous neuropeptide known to inhibit inflammation and promote neuronal survival. Since PACAP is actively transported into the CNS, we aimed to assess the impact of PACAP on the T. gondii-induced neuroinflammation and subsequent effects on neuronal homeostasis. Methods Exogenous PACAP was administered intraperitoneally in the chronic stage of T. gondii infection, and brains were isolated for histopathological analysis and determination of pathogen levels. Immune cells from the brain, blood, and spleen were analyzed by flow cytometry, and the further production of inflammatory mediators was investigated by intracellular protein staining as well as expression levels by RT-qPCR. Neuronal and synaptic alterations were assessed on the transcriptional and protein level, focusing on neurotrophins, neurotrophin-receptors and signature synaptic markers. Results Here, we reveal that PACAP administration reduced the inflammatory foci and the number of apoptotic cells in the brain parenchyma and restrained the activation of microglia and recruitment of monocytes. The neuropeptide reduced the expression of inflammatory mediators such as IFN-γ, IL-6, iNOS, and IL-1β. Moreover, PACAP diminished IFN-γ production by recruited CD4+ T cells in the CNS. Importantly, PACAP promoted neuronal health via increased expression of the neurotrophin BDNF and reduction of p75NTR, a receptor related to neuronal cell death. In addition, PACAP administration was associated with increased expression of transporters involved in glutamatergic and GABAergic signaling that are particularly affected during cerebral toxoplasmosis. Conclusions Together, our findings unravel the beneficial effects of exogenous PACAP treatment upon infection-induced neuroinflammation, highlighting the potential implication of neuropeptides to promote neuronal survival and minimize synaptic prejudice. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12974-022-02639-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caio Andreeta Figueiredo
- grid.5807.a0000 0001 1018 4307Institute of Inflammation and Neurodegeneration, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-Von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Henning Peter Düsedau
- grid.5807.a0000 0001 1018 4307Institute of Inflammation and Neurodegeneration, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-Von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Steffen
- grid.5807.a0000 0001 1018 4307Institute of Inflammation and Neurodegeneration, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-Von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Ehrentraut
- grid.5807.a0000 0001 1018 4307Institute of Inflammation and Neurodegeneration, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-Von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Miklos P. Dunay
- grid.483037.b0000 0001 2226 5083Department and Clinic of Surgery and Ophthalmology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gabor Toth
- grid.9008.10000 0001 1016 9625Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dora Reglödi
- grid.9679.10000 0001 0663 9479Department of Anatomy, MTA-PTE PACAP Research Team and Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pecs Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Markus M. Heimesaat
- grid.6363.00000 0001 2218 4662Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ildiko Rita Dunay
- grid.5807.a0000 0001 1018 4307Institute of Inflammation and Neurodegeneration, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-Von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany ,grid.418723.b0000 0001 2109 6265Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences – CBBS, Magdeburg, Germany
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Salasova A, Monti G, Andersen OM, Nykjaer A. Finding memo: versatile interactions of the VPS10p-Domain receptors in Alzheimer’s disease. Mol Neurodegener 2022; 17:74. [PMID: 36397124 PMCID: PMC9673319 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-022-00576-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The family of VPS10p-Domain (D) receptors comprises five members named SorLA, Sortilin, SorCS1, SorCS2 and SorCS3. While their physiological roles remain incompletely resolved, they have been recognized for their signaling engagements and trafficking abilities, navigating a number of molecules between endosome, Golgi compartments, and the cell surface. Strikingly, recent studies connected all the VPS10p-D receptors to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) development. In addition, they have been also associated with diseases comorbid with AD such as diabetes mellitus and major depressive disorder. This systematic review elaborates on genetic, functional, and mechanistic insights into how dysfunction in VPS10p-D receptors may contribute to AD etiology, AD onset diversity, and AD comorbidities. Starting with their functions in controlling cellular trafficking of amyloid precursor protein and the metabolism of the amyloid beta peptide, we present and exemplify how these receptors, despite being structurally similar, regulate various and distinct cellular events involved in AD. This includes a plethora of signaling crosstalks that impact on neuronal survival, neuronal wiring, neuronal polarity, and synaptic plasticity. Signaling activities of the VPS10p-D receptors are especially linked, but not limited to, the regulation of neuronal fitness and apoptosis via their physical interaction with pro- and mature neurotrophins and their receptors. By compiling the functional versatility of VPS10p-D receptors and their interactions with AD-related pathways, we aim to further propel the AD research towards VPS10p-D receptor family, knowledge that may lead to new diagnostic markers and therapeutic strategies for AD patients.
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Ran LY, Kong YT, Xiang JJ, Zeng Q, Zhang CY, Shi L, Qiu HT, Liu C, Wu LL, Li YL, Chen JM, Ai M, Wang W, Kuang L. Serum extracellular vesicle microRNA dysregulation and childhood trauma in adolescents with major depressive disorder. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2022; 22:959-971. [PMID: 35659238 PMCID: PMC9589301 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2022.7110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) seriously endangers adolescent mental and physical health. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are mediators of cellular communication and are involved in many physiological brain processes. Although EV miRNAshave been implicated in adults with major psychiatric disorders, investigation into their effects in adolescent MDDremains scarce. In discovery set, we conducted a genome-wide miRNA sequencing of serum EVs from 9 untreated adolescents with MDD and 8 matched healthy controls (HCs), identifying 32 differentially expressed miRNAs (18 upregulated and 14 downregulated). In the validation set, 8 differentially expressed and highly enriched miRNAs were verified in independent samples using RT-PCR, with 4 (miR-450a-2-3p, miR-3691-5p, miR-556-3p, and miR-2115-3p) of the 8 miRNAs found to be significantly elevated in 34 untreated adolescents with MDD compared with 38 HCs and consistent with the sequencing results. After the Bonferroni correction, we found that three miRNAs (miR-450a-2-3p, miR-556-3p, and miR-2115-3p) were still significantly different. Among them, miR-450a-2-3p showed the most markeddifferential expression and was able to diagnose disease with 67.6% sensitivity and 84.2% specificity. Furthermore, miR-450a-2-3p partially mediated the associations between total childhood trauma, emotional abuse, and physical neglect and adolescent MDD. We also found that the combination of miR-450a-2-3p and emotional abuse could effectively diagnose MDD in adolescents with 82.4% sensitivity and 81.6% specificity. Our data demonstrate the association of serum EV miRNA dysregulation with MDD pathophysiology and, furthermore, show that miRNAs may mediate the relationship between early stress and MDD susceptibility. We also provide a valid integrated model for the diagnosis of adolescent MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu-Yi Ran
- Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi-Ting Kong
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiao-Jiao Xiang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Zeng
- Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chen-Yu Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hai-Tang Qiu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuan Liu
- Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin-Li Wu
- Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ya-Lan Li
- Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian-Mei Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ming Ai
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wo Wang
- Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Kuang
- Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Abstract
Cellular senescence is characterized by cell cycle arrest, resistance to apoptosis, and a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) whereby cells secrete pro-inflammatory and tissue-remodeling factors. Given that the SASP exacerbates age-associated pathologies, some aging interventions aim at selectively eliminating senescent cells. In this study, a drug library screen uncovered TrkB (NTRK2) inhibitors capable of triggering apoptosis of several senescent, but not proliferating, human cells. Senescent cells expressed high levels of TrkB, which supported senescent cell viability, and secreted the TrkB ligand BDNF. The reduced viability of senescent cells after ablating BDNF signaling suggested an autocrine function for TrkB and BDNF, which activated ERK5 and elevated BCL2L2 levels, favoring senescent cell survival. Treatment with TrkB inhibitors reduced the accumulation of senescent cells in aged mouse organs. We propose that the activation of TrkB by SASP factor BDNF promotes cell survival and could be exploited therapeutically to reduce the senescent-cell burden.
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Mohibbullah M, Pringgo Wicaksono MY, Hannan MA, Dash R, Nur Meinita MD, Choi JS, Hong YK, Moon IS. The Edible Seaweed Gelidium amansii Promotes Structural Plasticity of Hippocampal Neurons and Improves Scopolamine-Induced Learning and Memory Impairment in Mice. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2022; 22:CNSNDDT-EPUB-126264. [PMID: 36093815 DOI: 10.2174/1871527321666220909142158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gelidium amansii has been gaining profound interest in East Asian countries due to its enormous commercial value for agar production and its extensive pharmacological properties. Previous studies have shown that the ethanol extract of Gelidium amansii (GAE) has promising neurotrophic effects in in vitro conditions. OBJECTIVES The present study aimed at investigating the protective effects of GAE against scopolamine-induced cognitive deficits and its modulatory effects on hippocampal plasticity in mice. METHODS For memory-related behavioral studies, the passive avoidance test and radial arm maze paradigm were conducted. The brain slices of the hippocampus CA1 neurons of experimental mice were then prepared to perform Golgi staining for analyzing spine density and its characteristic shape, and immunohistochemistry for assessing the expression of different pre- and postsynaptic proteins. RESULTS Following oral administration of GAE (0.5 mg/g body weight), mice with memory deficits exhibited a significant increase in the latency time on the passive avoidance test and a decrease in the number of working and reference memory errors and latency time on the radial arm maze test. Microscopic observations of Golgi-impregnated tissue sections and immunohistochemistry of hippocampal slices showed that neurons from GAE-treated mice displayed higher spine density and spine dynamics, increased synaptic contact, and the recruitment of memory-associated proteins such as N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NR2A and NR2B) and postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95) when compared with the control group. CONCLUSION With these memory-protective functions and a modulatory role in underlying memory-related events, GAE could be a potential functional food and a promising source of pharmacological agents for the prevention and treatment of memory-related brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mohibbullah
- Department of Fishing and Post Harvest Technology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh
- Seafood Research Center, Silla University, #605, Advanced Seafood Processing Complex, Wonyang-ro, Amnam-dong, Seo-gu, Busan 49277, Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Division of Bioindustry, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Busan 46958, Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Namku, Busan 608-737, Korea
| | | | - Md Abdul Hannan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, 38066, Korea
| | - Raju Dash
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, Gyeongbuk 38066, Korea
| | - Maria Dyah Nur Meinita
- Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Center for Maritime Biosciences Studies, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto 53123, Indonesia
| | - Jae-Suk Choi
- Seafood Research Center, Silla University, #605, Advanced Seafood Processing Complex, Wonyang-ro, Amnam-dong, Seo-gu, Busan 49277, Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Division of Bioindustry, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Busan 46958, Korea
| | - Yong-Ki Hong
- Department of Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Namku, Busan 608-737, Korea
| | - Il Soo Moon
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, Gyeongbuk 38066, Korea
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Purushotham SS, Reddy NMN, D'Souza MN, Choudhury NR, Ganguly A, Gopalakrishna N, Muddashetty R, Clement JP. A perspective on molecular signalling dysfunction, its clinical relevance and therapeutics in autism spectrum disorder. Exp Brain Res 2022; 240:2525-2567. [PMID: 36063192 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-022-06448-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are neurodevelopmental disorders that have become a primary clinical and social concern, with a prevalence of 2-3% in the population. Neuronal function and behaviour undergo significant malleability during the critical period of development that is found to be impaired in ID/ASD. Human genome sequencing studies have revealed many genetic variations associated with ASD/ID that are further verified by many approaches, including many mouse and other models. These models have facilitated the identification of fundamental mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of ASD/ID, and several studies have proposed converging molecular pathways in ASD/ID. However, linking the mechanisms of the pathogenic genes and their molecular characteristics that lead to ID/ASD has progressed slowly, hampering the development of potential therapeutic strategies. This review discusses the possibility of recognising the common molecular causes for most ASD/ID based on studies from the available models that may enable a better therapeutic strategy to treat ID/ASD. We also reviewed the potential biomarkers to detect ASD/ID at early stages that may aid in diagnosis and initiating medical treatment, the concerns with drug failure in clinical trials, and developing therapeutic strategies that can be applied beyond a particular mutation associated with ASD/ID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushmitha S Purushotham
- Neuroscience Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, 560064, India
| | - Neeharika M N Reddy
- Neuroscience Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, 560064, India
| | - Michelle Ninochka D'Souza
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science Campus, CV Raman Avenue, Bangalore, 560 012, India.,The University of Trans-Disciplinary Health Sciences and Technology (TDU), Bangalore, 560064, India
| | - Nilpawan Roy Choudhury
- Neuroscience Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, 560064, India
| | - Anusa Ganguly
- Neuroscience Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, 560064, India
| | - Niharika Gopalakrishna
- Neuroscience Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, 560064, India
| | - Ravi Muddashetty
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science Campus, CV Raman Avenue, Bangalore, 560 012, India.,The University of Trans-Disciplinary Health Sciences and Technology (TDU), Bangalore, 560064, India
| | - James P Clement
- Neuroscience Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, 560064, India.
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42
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Learning and memory impairment and transcriptomic profile in hippocampus of offspring after maternal fructose exposure during gestation and lactation. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 169:113394. [PMID: 36049592 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Increased fructose intake is a global issue, especially in mothers. Maternal fructose exposure during gestation and lactation can affect learning and memory in offspring; however, the detailed mechanism is still unknown. The hippocampus is a mind locale liable for learning and memory. Here, we established a maternal high-fructose diet model by administering 13% and 40% fructose water, applied the Morris Water Maze test on postnatal day 60 offspring, and performed full-length RNA sequencing using the Oxford Nanopore Technologies platform to explore the changes in gene expression in the hippocampus. The results showed that learning and memory in offspring were negatively affected. Compared with the control group, 369 differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) were identified in the 13% fructose group, and 501 DETs were identified in the 40% fructose group. Gene Ontology enriched term and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enriched pathway analyses identified several terms and pathways related to brain development and cognitive function. Furthermore, we confirmed that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was down-regulated and neuron degeneration was enhanced. In summary, our results indicate that maternal fructose exposure during gestation and lactation can impair learning and memory in offspring and affect brain function at the transcriptome level.
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Szarowicz CA, Steece-Collier K, Caulfield ME. New Frontiers in Neurodegeneration and Regeneration Associated with Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and the rs6265 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23148011. [PMID: 35887357 PMCID: PMC9319713 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23148011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor is an extensively studied neurotrophin implicated in the pathology of multiple neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders including, but not limited to, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s disease, traumatic brain injury, major de-pressive disorder, and schizophrenia. Here we provide a brief summary of current knowledge on the role of BDNF and the common human single nucleotide polymorphism, rs6265, in driving the pathogenesis and rehabilitation in these disorders, as well as the status of BDNF-targeted therapies. A common trend has emerged correlating low BDNF levels, either detected within the central nervous system or peripherally, to disease states, suggesting that BDNF replacement therapies may hold clinical promise. In addition, we introduce evidence for a distinct role of the BDNF pro-peptide as a biologically active ligand and the need for continuing studies on its neurological function outside of that as a molecular chaperone. Finally, we highlight the latest research describing the role of rs6265 expression in mechanisms of neurodegeneration as well as paradoxical advances in the understanding of this genetic variant in neuroregeneration. All of this is discussed in the context of personalized medicine, acknowledging there is no “one size fits all” therapy for neurodegenerative or psychiatric disorders and that continued study of the multiple BDNF isoforms and genetic variants represents an avenue for discovery ripe with therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlye A. Szarowicz
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA; (C.A.S.); (K.S.-C.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Kathy Steece-Collier
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA; (C.A.S.); (K.S.-C.)
| | - Margaret E. Caulfield
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA; (C.A.S.); (K.S.-C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-616-234-0969; Fax: +1- 616-234-0991
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Yang S, Zhu G. 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone and Neuropsychiatric Disorders: A Translational Perspective from the Mechanism to Drug Development. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:1479-1497. [PMID: 34525922 PMCID: PMC9881092 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210915122820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
7,8-Dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF) is a kind of natural flavonoid with the potential to cross the blood-brain barrier. 7,8-DHF effectively mimics the effect of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the brain to selectively activate tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB) and downstream signaling pathways, thus playing a neuroprotective role. The preclinical effects of 7,8-DHF have been widely investigated in neuropsychiatric disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), depression, and memory impairment. Besides the effect on TrkB, 7,8-DHF could also function through fighting against oxidative stress, cooperating with estrogen receptors, or regulating intestinal flora. This review focuses on the recent experimental studies on depression, neurodegenerative diseases, and learning and memory functions. Additionally, the structural modification and preparation of 7,8-DHF were also concluded and proposed, hoping to provide a reference for the follow-up research and clinical drug development of 7,8-DHF in the field of neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, the Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230038, China
| | - Guoqi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, the Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230038, China,Address correspondence to this author at the Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Meishan Road 103, Hefei 230038, China; E-mail:
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Mitra S, Munni YA, Dash R, Sultana A, Moon IS. Unveiling the effect of Withania somnifera on neuronal cytoarchitecture and synaptogenesis: A combined in vitro and network pharmacology approach. Phytother Res 2022; 36:2524-2541. [PMID: 35443091 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Withania somnifera (WS), is known for its remarkable contribution in herbal medicine and Ayurveda, which is therapeutically applied to improve memory and anxiety in patients. However, the pharmacological details of this plant on memory boosting yet remained undefined. This study provides mechanistic insights on the effect of ethanol solution extract of the whole plant of WS (WSEE) on neuritogenesis by combining in vitro and in silico network pharmacology approaches. WSEE promoted significant neuronal growth through early differentiation, axodendritic arborization, and synaptogenesis on primary hippocampal neurons. The network pharmacological study confirmed that the neuritogenic activity is potentially mediated by modulating the neurotrophin signaling pathway, where NRTK1 (TrkA) was revealed as the primary target of WS secondary metabolites. This neurotrophic activity of WSEE was significantly stifled by the presence of TrkA inhibitor, which further confirms the TrkA-dependent activity of WSEE. In addition, a molecular docking study suggested steroidal lactones present in the WS might act as nerve growth factor (NGF)-mimetics, activating TrkA by binding to the NGF-binding domain. As a whole, the findings of the study suggest a significant role of WSEE on neuritogenesis and its potential to function as a therapeutic agent and in drug designing for the prevention and treatment of memory-related neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarmistha Mitra
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeasmin Akter Munni
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Raju Dash
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Armin Sultana
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Il Soo Moon
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, Republic of Korea
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Aragona M, Porcino C, Guerrera MC, Montalbano G, Laurà R, Cometa M, Levanti M, Abbate F, Cobo T, Capitelli G, Vega JA, Germanà A. The BDNF/TrkB Neurotrophin System in the Sensory Organs of Zebrafish. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052621. [PMID: 35269763 PMCID: PMC8910639 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was discovered in the last century, and identified as a member of the neurotrophin family. BDNF shares approximately 50% of its amino acid with other neurotrophins such as NGF, NT-3 and NT-4/5, and its linear amino acid sequences in zebrafish (Danio rerio) and human are 91% identical. BDNF functions can be mediated by two categories of receptors: p75NTR and Trk. Intriguingly, BDNF receptors were highly conserved in the process of evolution, as were the other NTs’ receptors. In this review, we update current knowledge about the distribution and functions of the BDNF-TrkB system in the sensory organs of zebrafish. In fish, particularly in zebrafish, the distribution and functions of BDNF and TrkB in the brain have been widely studied. Both components of the system, associated or segregated, are also present outside the central nervous system, especially in sensory organs including the inner ear, lateral line system, retina, taste buds and olfactory epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marialuisa Aragona
- Zebrafish Neuromorphology Lab, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; (M.A.); (C.P.); (M.C.G.); (G.M.); (R.L.); (M.C.); (M.L.); (F.A.)
| | - Caterina Porcino
- Zebrafish Neuromorphology Lab, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; (M.A.); (C.P.); (M.C.G.); (G.M.); (R.L.); (M.C.); (M.L.); (F.A.)
| | - Maria Cristina Guerrera
- Zebrafish Neuromorphology Lab, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; (M.A.); (C.P.); (M.C.G.); (G.M.); (R.L.); (M.C.); (M.L.); (F.A.)
| | - Giuseppe Montalbano
- Zebrafish Neuromorphology Lab, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; (M.A.); (C.P.); (M.C.G.); (G.M.); (R.L.); (M.C.); (M.L.); (F.A.)
| | - Rosaria Laurà
- Zebrafish Neuromorphology Lab, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; (M.A.); (C.P.); (M.C.G.); (G.M.); (R.L.); (M.C.); (M.L.); (F.A.)
| | - Marzio Cometa
- Zebrafish Neuromorphology Lab, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; (M.A.); (C.P.); (M.C.G.); (G.M.); (R.L.); (M.C.); (M.L.); (F.A.)
| | - Maria Levanti
- Zebrafish Neuromorphology Lab, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; (M.A.); (C.P.); (M.C.G.); (G.M.); (R.L.); (M.C.); (M.L.); (F.A.)
| | - Francesco Abbate
- Zebrafish Neuromorphology Lab, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; (M.A.); (C.P.); (M.C.G.); (G.M.); (R.L.); (M.C.); (M.L.); (F.A.)
| | - Teresa Cobo
- Departamento de Cirugía y Especialidades Médico-Quirúrgicas, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain;
| | - Gabriel Capitelli
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, Viamonte 1053, CABA, Buenos Aires 1056, Argentina;
| | - José A. Vega
- Grupo SINPOS, Universidad de Oviedo, 33003 Oviedo, Spain;
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 7500912, Chile
| | - Antonino Germanà
- Zebrafish Neuromorphology Lab, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; (M.A.); (C.P.); (M.C.G.); (G.M.); (R.L.); (M.C.); (M.L.); (F.A.)
- Correspondence:
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Wang H, Huang H, Jiang N, Zhang Y, Lv J, Liu X. Tenuifolin ameliorates chronic restraint stress-induced cognitive impairment in C57BL/6J mice. Phytother Res 2022; 36:1402-1412. [PMID: 35129236 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The general consensus is that stress affects the central nervous system and can lead to cognitive problems. The root of Polygala tenuifolia (P. tenuifolia) is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine used for improving brain function. Tenuifolin (TEN) is the major constituent of P. tenuifolia and has a promising neuroprotective property. The purpose of this study was to investigate the alleviating effect of TEN on cognitive impairment induced by chronic restraint stress (CRS) and its mechanism. Our results showed that CRS exposure resulted in impaired cognitive performance in C57BL/6J mice, as indicated by decreased responses in Y-maze, novel objects recognition, and step-through passive avoidance tests. TEN treated daily orally (10 and 20 mg/kg) for 30 days reversed these behavior changes. Meanwhile, TEN could significantly regulate interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 levels in the hippocampus. TEN inhibited the toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-kappa B-mediated inflammation, as well as adrenocorticotropic hormone and corticosterone levels in serum. Most importantly, we found that TEN also upregulated the expressions of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, tropomyosin kinase B, glucocorticoid receptor, glutamate receptor 1, and synapse-associated proteins. Collectively, these data suggest that TEN has a potential improvement effect on memory loss caused by CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Wang
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Research Center of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Huang
- Research Center of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Research Center of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Research Center of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jingwei Lv
- Research Center of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xinmin Liu
- Research Center of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Longobardi A, Nicsanu R, Bellini S, Squitti R, Catania M, Tiraboschi P, Saraceno C, Ferrari C, Zanardini R, Binetti G, Di Fede G, Benussi L, Ghidoni R. Cerebrospinal Fluid EV Concentration and Size Are Altered in Alzheimer’s Disease and Dementia with Lewy Bodies. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030462. [PMID: 35159272 PMCID: PMC8834088 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) represent the three major neurodegenerative dementias characterized by abnormal brain protein accumulation. In this study, we investigated extracellular vesicles (EVs) and neurotrophic factors in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 120 subjects: 36 with AD, 30 with DLB, 34 with FTD and 20 controls. Specifically, CSF EVs were analyzed by Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis and neurotrophic factors were measured with ELISA. We found higher EV concentration and lower EV size in AD and DLB groups compared to the controls. Classification tree analysis demonstrated EV size as the best parameter able to discriminate the patients from the controls (96.7% vs. 3.3%, respectively). The diagnostic performance of the EV concentration/size ratio resulted in a fair discrimination level with an area under the curve of 0.74. Moreover, the EV concentration/size ratio was associated with the p-Tau181/Aβ42 ratio in AD patients. In addition, we described altered levels of cystatin C and progranulin in the DLB and AD groups. We did not find any correlation between neurotrophic factors and EV parameters. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest a common involvement of the endosomal pathway in neurodegenerative dementias, giving important insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying these pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Longobardi
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (A.L.); (R.N.); (S.B.); (R.S.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (L.B.)
| | - Roland Nicsanu
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (A.L.); (R.N.); (S.B.); (R.S.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (L.B.)
| | - Sonia Bellini
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (A.L.); (R.N.); (S.B.); (R.S.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (L.B.)
| | - Rosanna Squitti
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (A.L.); (R.N.); (S.B.); (R.S.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (L.B.)
| | - Marcella Catania
- Neurology 5 and Neuropathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.C.); (P.T.); (G.D.F.)
| | - Pietro Tiraboschi
- Neurology 5 and Neuropathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.C.); (P.T.); (G.D.F.)
| | - Claudia Saraceno
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (A.L.); (R.N.); (S.B.); (R.S.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (L.B.)
| | - Clarissa Ferrari
- Service of Statistics, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Roberta Zanardini
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (A.L.); (R.N.); (S.B.); (R.S.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (L.B.)
| | - Giuliano Binetti
- MAC Memory Clinic and Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Di Fede
- Neurology 5 and Neuropathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.C.); (P.T.); (G.D.F.)
| | - Luisa Benussi
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (A.L.); (R.N.); (S.B.); (R.S.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (L.B.)
| | - Roberta Ghidoni
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (A.L.); (R.N.); (S.B.); (R.S.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (L.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-030-3501725
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Nwokwu CD, Xiao AY, Harrison L, Nestorova GG. Identification of microRNA-mRNA regulatory network associated with oxidative DNA damage in human astrocytes. ASN Neuro 2022; 14:17590914221101704. [PMID: 35570825 PMCID: PMC9118907 DOI: 10.1177/17590914221101704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The high lipid content of the brain, coupled with its heavy oxygen dependence and relatively weak antioxidant system, makes it highly susceptible to oxidative DNA damage that contributes to neurodegeneration. This study is aimed at identifying specific ROS-responsive miRNAs that modulate the expression and activity of the DNA repair proteins in human astrocytes, which could serve as potential biomarkers and lead to the development of targeted therapeutic strategies for neurological diseases. Oxidative DNA damage was established after treatment of human astrocytes with 10μM sodium dichromate for 16 h. Comet assay analysis indicated a significant increase in oxidized guanine lesions. RT-qPCR and ELISA assays confirmed that sodium dichromate reduced the mRNA and protein expression levels of the human base-excision repair enzyme, 8-deoxyguanosine DNA glycosylase 1 (hOGG1). Small RNAseq data were generated on an Ion Torrent™ system and the differentially expressed miRNAs were identified using Partek Flow® software. The biologically significant miRNAs were selected using miRNet 2.0. Oxidative-stress-induced DNA damage was associated with a significant decrease in miRNA expression: 231 downregulated miRNAs and 2 upregulated miRNAs (p < 0.05; >2-fold). In addition to identifying multiple miRNA-mRNA pairs involved in DNA repair processes, this study uncovered a novel miRNA-mRNA pair interaction: miR-1248:OGG1. Inhibition of miR-1248 via the transfection of its inhibitor restored the expression levels of hOGG1. Therefore, targeting the identified microRNA candidates could ameliorate the nuclear DNA damage caused by the brain's exposure to mutagens, reduce the incidence and improve the treatment of cancer and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adam Y. Xiao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Lynn Harrison
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
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Moll T, Marshall JNG, Soni N, Zhang S, Cooper-Knock J, Shaw PJ. Membrane lipid raft homeostasis is directly linked to neurodegeneration. Essays Biochem 2021; 65:999-1011. [PMID: 34623437 PMCID: PMC8709890 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20210026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Age-associated neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are an unmet health need, with significant economic and societal implications, and an ever-increasing prevalence. Membrane lipid rafts (MLRs) are specialised plasma membrane microdomains that provide a platform for intracellular trafficking and signal transduction, particularly within neurons. Dysregulation of MLRs leads to disruption of neurotrophic signalling and excessive apoptosis which mirrors the final common pathway for neuronal death in ALS, PD and AD. Sphingomyelinase (SMase) and phospholipase (PL) enzymes process components of MLRs and therefore play central roles in MLR homeostasis and in neurotrophic signalling. We review the literature linking SMase and PL enzymes to ALS, AD and PD with particular attention to attractive therapeutic targets, where functional manipulation has been successful in preclinical studies. We propose that dysfunction of these enzymes is upstream in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and to support this we provide new evidence that ALS risk genes are enriched with genes involved in ceramide metabolism (P=0.019, OR = 2.54, Fisher exact test). Ceramide is a product of SMase action upon sphingomyelin within MLRs, and it also has a role as a second messenger in intracellular signalling pathways important for neuronal survival. Genetic risk is necessarily upstream in a late age of onset disease such as ALS. We propose that manipulation of MLR structure and function should be a focus of future translational research seeking to ameliorate neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Moll
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K
| | - Jack N G Marshall
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K
| | - Nikita Soni
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K
| | - Sai Zhang
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, U.S.A
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, U.S.A
| | - Johnathan Cooper-Knock
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K
| | - Pamela J Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K
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