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Giordo R, Ahmadi FAM, Husaini NA, Al-Nuaimi NRA, Ahmad SM, Pintus G, Zayed H. microRNA 21 and long non-coding RNAs interplays underlie cancer pathophysiology: A narrative review. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:831-852. [PMID: 38586315 PMCID: PMC10995982 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a diverse group of functional RNA molecules that lack the ability to code for proteins. Despite missing this traditional role, ncRNAs have emerged as crucial regulators of various biological processes and have been implicated in the development and progression of many diseases, including cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are two prominent classes of ncRNAs that have emerged as key players in cancer pathophysiology. In particular, miR-21 has been reported to exhibit oncogenic roles in various forms of human cancer, including prostate, breast, lung, and colorectal cancer. In this context, miR-21 overexpression is closely associated with tumor proliferation, growth, invasion, angiogenesis, and chemoresistance, whereas miR-21 inactivation is linked to the regression of most tumor-related processes. Accordingly, miR-21 is a crucial modulator of various canonical oncogenic pathways such as PTEN/PI3K/Akt, Wnt/β-catenin, STAT, p53, MMP2, and MMP9. Moreover, interplays between lncRNA and miRNA further complicate the regulatory mechanisms underlying tumor development and progression. In this regard, several lncRNAs have been found to interact with miR-21 and, by functioning as competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) or miRNA sponges, can modulate cancer tumorigenesis. This work presents and discusses recent findings highlighting the roles and pathophysiological implications of the miR-21-lncRNA regulatory axis in cancer occurrence, development, and progression. The data collected indicate that specific lncRNAs, such as MEG3, CASC2, and GAS5, are strongly associated with miR-21 in various types of cancer, including gastric, cervical, lung, and glioma. Indeed, these lncRNAs are well-known tumor suppressors and are commonly downregulated in different types of tumors. Conversely, by modulating various mechanisms and oncogenic signaling pathways, their overexpression has been linked with preventing tumor formation and development. This review highlights the significance of these regulatory pathways in cancer and their potential for use in cancer therapy as diagnostic and prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Giordo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43B, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Fatemeh Abdullah M. Ahmadi
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, Member of QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nedal Al Husaini
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, Member of QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Noora Rashid A.M. Al-Nuaimi
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, Member of QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Salma M.S. Ahmad
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, Member of QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Gianfranco Pintus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43B, 07100, Sassari, Italy
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, University City Rd, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, Member of QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
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Zhang T, Zhang J, Yang G, Hu J, Wang H, Jiang R, Yao G. Long non-coding RNA PWRN1 affects ovarian follicular development by regulating the function of granulosa cells. Reprod Biomed Online 2024; 48:103697. [PMID: 38430661 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2023.103697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION What is the role of Prader-Willi region non-protein coding RNA 1 (PWRN1) in ovarian follicular development and its molecular mechanism? DESIGN The expression and localization of PWRN1 were detected in granulosa cells from patients with different ovarian functions, and the effect of interfering with PWRN1 expression on cell function was detected by culturing granulosa cells in vitro. Furthermore, the effects of interfering with PWRN1 expression on ovarian function of female mice were explored through in-vitro and in-vivo experiments. RESULTS The expression of PWRN1 was significantly lower in granulosa cells derived from patients with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) compared with patients with normal ovarian function. By in-vitro culturing of primary granulosa cells or the KGN cell line, the results showed that the downregulation of PWRN1 promoted granulosa cell apoptosis, caused cell cycle arrested in S-phase, generated high levels of autophagy and led to significant decrease in steroidogenic capacity, including inhibition of oestradiol and progesterone production. In addition, SIRT1 overexpression could partially reverse the inhibitory effect of PWRN1 downregulation on cell proliferation. The results of in-vitro culturing of newborn mouse ovary showed that the downregulation of PWRN1 could slow down the early follicular development. Further, by injecting AAV-sh-PWRN1 in mouse ovarian bursa, the oestrous cycle of mouse was affected, and the number of oocytes retrieved after ovulation induction and embryos implanted after mating was significantly reduced. CONCLUSION This study systematically elucidated the novel mechanism by which lncRNA PWRN1 participates in the regulation of granulosa cell function and follicular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongwei Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junya Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingyi Hu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huihui Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ran Jiang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guidong Yao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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Li P, Ding H, Han S, Ding S, Yang Y. Long noncoding RNA LINC00858 aggravates the progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via regulating the miR-425-5p/ABL2 axis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27337. [PMID: 38496838 PMCID: PMC10944188 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most fatal cancers with high morbidity and mortality, which severely affects people's lives. Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 858 (LINC00858) was confirmed to promote the progression of colorectal cancer and lung cancer. However, the role of lncRNA LINC00858 is still unknown in ESCC. Herein, the main purpose of research was to explore LINC00858 function and its impact on ESCC cell biological behaviors. RT-qPCR was used to test the expression of LINC00858, miR-425-5p and ABL proto-oncogene 2 (ABL2) in ESCC cells. Functional experiments such as EdU assay, CCK-8 assay, transwell assay and Western blot assay were conducted to investigate the biological behaviors of ESCC cells. Luciferase reporter assay and RIP assay were implemented to determine the binding situation among RNAs. LINC00858 expression was abnormally high in ESCC cells and down-regulation of LINC00858 could restrain the proliferation, invasion, migration and EMT process of ESCC cells. Furthermore, miR-425-5p was proved to be sponged by LINC00858 and was down-regulated in ESCC cells. Besides, we discovered that miR-425-5p could target ABL2. Moreover, knockdown of ABL2 reversed the promoting function of miR-425-5p inhibitor on ESCC progression. LINC00858 aggravated ESCC progression via regulating the miR-425-5p/ABL2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, China
| | - Hui Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, China
| | - Shuangyin Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, China
| | - Songze Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, China
| | - Yuxiu Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, China
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Fei M, Li X, Liang S, Zhou S, Wu H, Sun L, Liu Y, Hu Q, Liu L, Wang J. LncRNA PWRN1 inhibits the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma by activating PKM2 activity. Cancer Lett 2024; 584:216620. [PMID: 38218456 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent and leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been demonstrated to play vital roles in cancer development and progression. The lncRNA PWRN1 (PWRN1), acts as a tumor suppressor factor, which is low expressed in some cancers. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of PWRN1, especially the regulatory relationship with RNA binding protein in HCC remain largely unknown. In the present study, we demonstrated that PWRN1 was significantly down-regulated in HCC and correlated with better prognosis; furthermore, gain-of-function experiments showed that PWRN1 inhibited the proliferation of HCC cells. We further found that PWRN1 up-regulated pyruvate kinase activity and thus hinders the proliferation of HCC in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) was bound to it and maintained the high activity state of PKM2, thereby hindering PKM2 from entering the nucleus in the form of low-activity dimers, reducing the expression of c-Myc downstream gene LDHA, leading to a decrease in lactate levels, and inhibiting the growth of tumor cells. In addition, PWRN1 was found to inhibit aerobic glycolysis. Finally, TEPP-46, a pyruvate kinase activator, appeared to inhibit HCC proliferation by maintaining tetramer stability and increasing pyruvate kinase activity. Taken together, our results provide new insights into the biology hindering HCC proliferation and indicate that PWRN1 in combination with PKM2 activators might represent a novel therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Fei
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Swan Lake Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xianying Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Swan Lake Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui Province, China
| | - Shuhang Liang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Swan Lake Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui Province, China
| | - Shuo Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Swan Lake Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui Province, China
| | - Huihui Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Swan Lake Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui Province, China
| | - Linmao Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Swan Lake Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yao Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Swan Lake Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui Province, China
| | - Qingsong Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Swan Lake Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Lianxin Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Swan Lake Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Jiabei Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Swan Lake Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui Province, China.
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Esposito R, Lanzós A, Uroda T, Ramnarayanan S, Büchi I, Polidori T, Guillen-Ramirez H, Mihaljevic A, Merlin BM, Mela L, Zoni E, Hovhannisyan L, McCluggage F, Medo M, Basile G, Meise DF, Zwyssig S, Wenger C, Schwarz K, Vancura A, Bosch-Guiteras N, Andrades Á, Tham AM, Roemmele M, Medina PP, Ochsenbein AF, Riether C, Kruithof-de Julio M, Zimmer Y, Medová M, Stroka D, Fox A, Johnson R. Tumour mutations in long noncoding RNAs enhance cell fitness. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3342. [PMID: 37291246 PMCID: PMC10250536 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39160-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are linked to cancer via pathogenic changes in their expression levels. Yet, it remains unclear whether lncRNAs can also impact tumour cell fitness via function-altering somatic "driver" mutations. To search for such driver-lncRNAs, we here perform a genome-wide analysis of fitness-altering single nucleotide variants (SNVs) across a cohort of 2583 primary and 3527 metastatic tumours. The resulting 54 mutated and positively-selected lncRNAs are significantly enriched for previously-reported cancer genes and a range of clinical and genomic features. A number of these lncRNAs promote tumour cell proliferation when overexpressed in in vitro models. Our results also highlight a dense SNV hotspot in the widely-studied NEAT1 oncogene. To directly evaluate the functional significance of NEAT1 SNVs, we use in cellulo mutagenesis to introduce tumour-like mutations in the gene and observe a significant and reproducible increase in cell fitness, both in vitro and in a mouse model. Mechanistic studies reveal that SNVs remodel the NEAT1 ribonucleoprotein and boost subnuclear paraspeckles. In summary, this work demonstrates the utility of driver analysis for mapping cancer-promoting lncRNAs, and provides experimental evidence that somatic mutations can act through lncRNAs to enhance pathological cancer cell fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Esposito
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010, Bern, Switzerland.
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland.
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso", CNR, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Andrés Lanzós
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School of Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tina Uroda
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland
- Conway Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - Sunandini Ramnarayanan
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland
- Conway Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland
- The SFI Centre for Research Training in Genomics Data Science, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Isabel Büchi
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Taisia Polidori
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hugo Guillen-Ramirez
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland
- Conway Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - Ante Mihaljevic
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Bernard Mefi Merlin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lia Mela
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Eugenio Zoni
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lusine Hovhannisyan
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Finn McCluggage
- School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Matúš Medo
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Giulia Basile
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Dominik F Meise
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Zwyssig
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Corina Wenger
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kyriakos Schwarz
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Adrienne Vancura
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Núria Bosch-Guiteras
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School of Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Álvaro Andrades
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, 18016, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Granada, 18014, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, University of Granada, Granada, 18071, Spain
| | - Ai Ming Tham
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland
- Conway Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - Michaela Roemmele
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Pedro P Medina
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, 18016, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Granada, 18014, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, University of Granada, Granada, 18071, Spain
| | - Adrian F Ochsenbein
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Carsten Riether
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marianna Kruithof-de Julio
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yitzhak Zimmer
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Michaela Medová
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Deborah Stroka
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Archa Fox
- School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Rory Johnson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010, Bern, Switzerland.
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland.
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland.
- Conway Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland.
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Wang Z, Xie W, Guan H. Diverse Functions of MiR-425 in Human Cancer. DNA Cell Biol 2023; 42:113-129. [PMID: 36796000 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2022.0557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
miRNAs are a type of small endogenous noncoding RNA composed of 20-22 nucleotides that can regulate gene expression by targeting the 3' untranslated region of mRNA. Many investigations have discovered that miRNAs have a role in the development and progression of human cancer. Several aspects of tumor development are affected by miR-425, including growth, apoptosis, invasion, migration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and drug resistance. In this article, we discuss the properties and research development of miR-425, focusing on the regulation and function of miR-425 in various cancers. Furthermore, we discuss the clinical implications of miR-425. This review may broaden our horizon for better understanding the role of miR-425 as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenjie Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongzai Guan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Proteins and Proteases of Prader-Willi Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review and Perspectives. Biosci Rep 2022; 42:231361. [PMID: 35621394 PMCID: PMC9208313 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20220610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prader–Willi Syndrome (PWS) is a rare complex genetic disease that is associated with pathological disorders that include endocrine disruption, developmental, neurological, and physical problems as well as intellectual, and behavioral dysfunction. In early stage, PWS is characterized by respiratory distress, hypotonia, and poor sucking ability, causing feeding concern and poor weight gain. Additional features of the disease evolve over time. These include hyperphagia, obesity, developmental, cognitive delay, skin picking, high pain threshold, short stature, growth hormone deficiency, hypogonadism, strabismus, scoliosis, joint laxity, or hip dysplasia. The disease is associated with a shortened life expectancy. There is no cure for PWS, although interventions are available for symptoms management. PWS is caused by genetic defects in chromosome 15q11.2-q13, and categorized into three groups, namely Paternal deletion, Maternal uniparental disomy, and Imprinting defect. PWS is confirmed through genetic testing and DNA-methylation analysis. Studies revealed that at least two key proteins namely MAGEL-2 and NECDIN along with two proteases PCSK1 and PCSK2 are linked to PWS. Herein, we summarize our current understanding and knowledge about the role of these proteins and enzymes in various biological processes associated with PWS. The review also describes how loss and/or impairment of functional activity of these macromolecules can lead to hormonal disbalance by promoting degradation of secretory granules and via inhibition of proteolytic maturation of precursor-proteins. The present review will draw attention of researchers, scientists, and academicians engaged in PWS study and will help to identify potential targets and molecular pathways for PWS intervention and treatment.
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Trevisani F, Floris M, Vago R, Minnei R, Cinque A. Long Non-Coding RNAs as Novel Biomarkers in the Clinical Management of Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients: A Promise or a Pledge? Cells 2022; 11:1658. [PMID: 35626699 PMCID: PMC9139553 DOI: 10.3390/cells11101658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC) represents the second most common subtype of renal cell carcinoma, following clear cell carcinoma and accounting for 10-15% of cases. For around 20 years, pRCCs have been classified according to their mere histopathologic appearance, unsupported by genetic and molecular evidence, with an unmet need for clinically relevant classification. Moreover, patients with non-clear cell renal cell carcinomas have been seldom included in large clinical trials; therefore, the therapeutic landscape is less defined than in the clear cell subtype. However, in the last decades, the evolving comprehension of pRCC molecular features has led to a growing use of target therapy and to better oncological outcomes. Nonetheless, a reliable molecular biomarker able to detect the aggressiveness of pRCC is not yet available in clinical practice. As a result, the pRCC correct prognosis remains cumbersome, and new biomarkers able to stratify patients upon risk of recurrence are strongly needed. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are functional elements which play critical roles in gene expression, at the epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional levels. In the last decade, ncRNAs have gained importance as possible biomarkers for several types of diseases, especially in the cancer universe. In this review, we analyzed the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the prognosis of pRCC, with a particular focus on their networking. In fact, in the competing endogenous RNA hypothesis, lncRNAs can bind miRNAs, resulting in the modulation of the mRNA levels targeted by the sponged miRNA, leading to additional regulation of the target gene expression and increasing complexity in the biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Trevisani
- Urological Research Institute, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milano, Italy;
- Unit of Urology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milano, Italy
- Biorek s.r.l., San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milano, Italy;
| | - Matteo Floris
- Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Division, G. Brotzu Hospital, University of Cagliari, 09134 Cagliari, Italy; (M.F.); (R.M.)
| | - Riccardo Vago
- Urological Research Institute, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milano, Italy;
| | - Roberto Minnei
- Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Division, G. Brotzu Hospital, University of Cagliari, 09134 Cagliari, Italy; (M.F.); (R.M.)
| | - Alessandra Cinque
- Biorek s.r.l., San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milano, Italy;
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Morbid Obesity in Women Is Associated with an Altered Intestinal Expression of Genes Related to Cancer Risk and Immune, Defensive, and Antimicrobial Response. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051024. [PMID: 35625760 PMCID: PMC9138355 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Little is known about the relation between morbid obesity and duodenal transcriptomic changes. We aimed to identify intestinal genes that may be associated with the development of obesity regardless of the degree of insulin resistance (IR) of patients. Material and Methods: Duodenal samples were assessed by microarray in three groups of women: non-obese women and women with morbid obesity with low and high IR. Results: We identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with morbid obesity, regardless of IR degree, related to digestion and lipid metabolism, defense response and inflammatory processes, maintenance of the gastrointestinal epithelium, wound healing and homeostasis, and the development of gastrointestinal cancer. However, other DEGs depended on the IR degree. We mainly found an upregulation of genes involved in the response to external organisms, hypoxia, and wound healing functions in women with morbid obesity and low IR. Conclusions: Regardless of the degree of IR, morbid obesity is associated with an altered expression of genes related to intestinal defenses, antimicrobial and immune responses, and gastrointestinal cancer. Our data also suggest a deficient duodenal immune and antimicrobial response in women with high IR.
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10
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Zhang L, Khadka B, Wu J, Feng Y, Long B, Xiao R, Liu J. Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Exosomal miR-425-5p Inhibits Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cell Proliferation, Apoptosis, Invasion and Migration by Targeting WTAP. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:4901-4914. [PMID: 34594112 PMCID: PMC8478487 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s286326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a predominant blood malignancy with high mortality and severe morbidity. AML is affected by microRNAs (miRNAs) loaded in exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). MiR-425-5p has been reported to participate in different cancer models. However, the function of BM-MSCs-derived exosomal miR-425-5p in AML is unclear. Methods The expression of miR-425-5p was measured by qRT-PCR in clinical AML samples. The immunophenotype of BM-MSCs was analyzed using antibodies against CD44, CD90, and CD105. The exosome was isolated from BM-MSCs. The effect of BM-MSCs-derived exosomal miR-425-5p on AML was analyzed by CCK-8 assay, Edu assay, transwell assay, flow cytometry in AML cells. qRT-PCR, luciferase reporter gene assay and Western blot analysis were also conducted in AML cells. Results The expression levels of miR-425-5p were decreased in CD34 + CD38-AML cells from primary AML patients compared to that from the bone marrow of healthy cases, and were reduced in exosomes from AML patients compared that from healthy cases. Similarly, miR-425-5p was also down-regulated in AML cell lines compared with BM-MSCs. MiR-425-5p was able to express in exosomes from BM-MSCs. CCK-8, Edu, transwell assay and flow cytometry analysis revealed that BM-MSCs-derived exosomal miR-425-5p significantly inhibited cell viability, Edu positive cells, invasion and migration, and induced apoptosis of AML cells. Meanwhile, the expression levels of cleaved PARP and cleaved caspase3 were increased by BM-MSCs-derived exosomal miR-425-5p in cells. MiR-425-5p inhibited the expression of Wilms tumor 1-associated protein (WTAP). Moreover, overexpression of WTAP could reverse the miR-425-5p-induced inhibition effect on AML cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion. Conclusion BM-MSCs-derived exosomal miR-425-5p inhibits proliferation, invasion and migration of AML cells and induced apoptosis of AML cells by targeting WTAP. Therapeutically, BM-MSCs-derived exosomal miR-425-5p may serve as a potential target for AML therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Bijay Khadka
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Jieying Wu
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Yashu Feng
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Long
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruozhi Xiao
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajun Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, 510630, People's Republic of China
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11
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Chen Z, Li Y, Tan B, Li F, Zhao Q, Fan L, Zhang Z, Zhao X, Liu Y, Wang D. Long Non-coding RNA ASNR Targeting miR-519e-5p Promotes Gastric Cancer Development by Regulating FGFR2. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:679176. [PMID: 34307360 PMCID: PMC8299726 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.679176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC), as a common gastrointestinal tumor, is an important cause of death from cancer all around the world. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a novel class of transcripts, have attracted great attention of researchers. However, the mechanisms of the clinical significance of most lncRNAs in human cancer are mainly undocumented. This research desires to explore the clinical significance, biological function, and mechanism of Lnc_ASNR (apoptosis suppressing-non-coding RNA) in GC. Cell proliferation, cell cycle, cell migration, and invasion abilities were respectively determined by 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo (-z-y1)-3,5-di-phenytetrazoliumromide (MTT), flow cytometry, wound healing, and Transwell assay (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, United States). The association of Lnc_ASNR, miR-519e-5p, and fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) was evaluated via luciferase reporter experiments. The tumor xenograft assay was conducted to confirm the results of cell experiments. High expressed Lnc_ASNR was detected in both GC cells and tissues using qRT-PCR. Downregulated Lnc_ASNR could reduce proliferation, migration, and invasion in GC cells, while upregulated Lnc_ASNR could promote the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Moreover, the effect of Lnc_ASNR on migration and invasion ability is closely related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The bioinformatics analysis, luciferase assay, and Western blot demonstrated that Lnc_ASNR inhibited miR-519e-5p expression but increased FGFR2 expression. Lnc_ASNR and FGFR2 were both targeted to miR-519e-5p, and they were negatively correlated with the expression of miR-519e-5p. All investigations indicated that Lnc_ASNR functioned as a ceRNA targeting miR-519e-5p and facilitated GC development by regulating the pathway of miR-519e-5p/FGFR2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Chen
- Graduate School of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yong Li
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Bibo Tan
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qun Zhao
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Liqiao Fan
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhidong Zhang
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xuefeng Zhao
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yu Liu
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Dong Wang
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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12
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Wang W, Lyu C, Wang F, Wang C, Wu F, Li X, Gan S. Identification of Potential Signatures and Their Functions for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Study Based on the Cancer Genome Atlas. Front Genet 2021; 12:656042. [PMID: 34295352 PMCID: PMC8290159 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.656042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a malignant disease most commonly diagnosed in adolescents and young adults. This study aimed to explore potential signatures and their functions for ALL. Methods Differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) and differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (DElncRNAs) were identified for ALL from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and normal control from Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx). DElncRNA-microRNA (miRNA) and miRNA-DEmRNA pairs were predicted using online databases. Then, a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network was constructed. Functional enrichment analysis of DEmRNAs in the ceRNA network was performed. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was then constructed. Hub genes were identified. DElncRNAs in the ceRNA network were validated using Real-time qPCR. Results A total of 2,903 up- and 3,228 downregulated mRNAs and 469 up- and 286 downregulated lncRNAs were identified for ALL. A ceRNA network was constructed for ALL, consisting of 845 lncRNA-miRNA and 395 miRNA-mRNA pairs. These DEmRNAs in the ceRNA network were mainly enriched in ALL-related biological processes and pathways. Ten hub genes were identified, including SMAD3, SMAD7, SMAD5, ZFYVE9, FKBP1A, FZD6, FZD7, LRP6, WNT1, and SFRP1. According to Real-time qPCR, eight lncRNAs including ATP11A-AS1, ITPK1-AS1, ANO1-AS2, CRNDE, MALAT1, CACNA1C-IT3, PWRN1, and WT1-AS were significantly upregulated in ALL bone marrow samples compared to normal samples. Conclusion Our results showed the lncRNA expression profiles and constructed ceRNA network in ALL. Furthermore, eight lncRNAs including ATP11A-AS1, ITPK1-AS1, ANO1-AS2, CRNDE, MALAT1, CACNA1C-IT3, PWRN1, and WT1-AS were identified. These results could provide a novel insight into the study of ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chunhui Lyu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Congcong Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Feifei Wu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Silin Gan
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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13
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Ye J, Li J, Zhao P. Roles of ncRNAs as ceRNAs in Gastric Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12071036. [PMID: 34356052 PMCID: PMC8305186 DOI: 10.3390/genes12071036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Although ignored in the past, with the recent deepening of research, significant progress has been made in the field of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Accumulating evidence has revealed that microRNA (miRNA) response elements regulate RNA. Long ncRNAs, circular RNAs, pseudogenes, miRNAs, and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) form a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network that plays an essential role in cancer and cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and autoimmune diseases. Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancers, with a high degree of malignancy. Considerable progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanism and treatment of GC, but GC’s mortality rate is still high. Studies have shown a complex ceRNA crosstalk mechanism in GC. lncRNAs, circRNAs, and pseudogenes can interact with miRNAs to affect mRNA transcription. The study of the involvement of ceRNA in GC could improve our understanding of GC and lead to the identification of potential effective therapeutic targets. The research strategy for ceRNA is mainly to screen the different miRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs, pseudogenes, and mRNAs in each sample through microarray or sequencing technology, predict the ceRNA regulatory network, and, finally, conduct functional research on ceRNA. In this review, we briefly discuss the proposal and development of the ceRNA hypothesis and the biological function and principle of ceRNAs in GC, and briefly introduce the role of ncRNAs in the GC’s ceRNA network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China;
| | - Jifu Li
- College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China;
| | - Ping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-23-6825-0885
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14
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Liu Z, Wang Y, Xu Z, Yuan S, Ou Y, Luo Z, Wen F, Liu J, Zhang J. Analysis of ceRNA networks and identification of potential drug targets for drug-resistant leukemia cell K562/ADR. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11429. [PMID: 34113488 PMCID: PMC8162247 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Drug resistance is the main obstacle in the treatment of leukemia. As a member of the competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) mechanism, underlying roles of lncRNA are rarely reported in drug-resistant leukemia cells. Methods The gene expression profiles of lncRNAs and mRNAs in doxorubicin-resistant K562/ADR and sensitive K562 cells were established by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Expression of differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) and DEmRNAs was validated by qRT-PCR. The potential biological functions of DElncRNAs targets were identified by GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses, and the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network was further constructed. K562/ADR cells were transfected with CCDC26 and LINC01515 siRNAs to detect the mRNA levels of GLRX5 and DICER1, respectively. The cell survival rate after transfection was detected by CCK-8 assay. Results The ceRNA network was composed of 409 lncRNA-miRNA pairs and 306 miRNA-mRNA pairs based on 67 DElncRNAs, 58 DEmiRNAs and 192 DEmRNAs. Knockdown of CCDC26 and LINC01515 increased the sensitivity of K562/ADR cells to doxorubicin and significantly reduced the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of doxorubicin. Furthermore, knockdown of GLRX5 and DICER1 increased the sensitivity of K562/ADR cells to doxorubicin and significantly reduced the IC50 of doxorubicin. Conclusions The ceRNA regulatory networks may play important roles in drug resistance of leukemia cells. CCDC26/miR-140-5p/GLRX5 and LINC01515/miR-425-5p/DICER1 may be potential targets for drug resistance in K562/ADR cells. This study provides a promising strategy to overcome drug resistance and deepens the understanding of the ceRNA regulatory mechanism related to drug resistance in CML cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoping Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Zhenru Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Shunling Yuan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yanglin Ou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Zeyu Luo
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Feng Wen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Molecular Biology Research Center & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
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15
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Li H, Zhao C, Zhao H, Liu G, Mao H, Liu Y. Elevated linc00936 or silenced microRNA-425-3p inhibits immune escape of gastric cancer cells via elevation of ZC3H12A. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 95:107559. [PMID: 33756228 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Gastric cancer (GC) is a malignant tumor originated from gastric mucosa. Without effective therapy, this study was to investigate the mechanism of long intergenic noncoding RNA 00936 (linc00936)/microRNA-425-3p (miR-425-3p)/monocyte chemotactic protein-induced protein 1 (ZC3H12A) axis mediating immune escape of GC cells. METHODS Peripheral blood samples, GC tissues and adjacent tissues were collected. The levels of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ in peripheral blood were detected. The expression levels of linc00936, miR-425-3p and ZC3H12A in GC tissues and cells were detected. The correlation between the expression of linc00936 in the tissues and the levels of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ in the peripheral blood of GC patients was analyzed. Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells were induced, and co-incubated with GC cells. BGC-823 and MKN-45 cells were screened and transfected with linc00936- or miR-425-3p-related oligonucleotides to figure out their roles in immune escape, migration, apoptosis and the cytotoxicity of CIK cells in GC cells. RESULTS Elevated miR-425-3p and reduced linc00936, and ZC3H12A expression levels were found in GC tissues and cells. Linc00936 expression was positively correlated with CD3+ and CD4+, and negatively correlated with CD8+ in peripheral blood of patients with GC. Up-regulating linc00936 or down-regulating miR-425-3p inhibited immune escape, migration, promoted apoptosis of GC cells, as well induced CIK cell cytotoxicity to GC cells. Down-regulated linc00936 or elevated miR-425-3p facilitated immune escape, migration, depressed apoptosis of GC cells, and reduced the cytotoxicity of CIK cells to GC cells. CONCLUSION The study concludes that up-regulated linc00936 or silenced miR-425-3p inhibits immune escape of GC cells via elevation of ZC3H12A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haohao Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Chunlin Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Hongchao Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Guanghui Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Haoxun Mao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Yanfen Liu
- Department of Oncology, Biological Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China.
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16
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Wang Y, Guo J. Immune cell landscape analysis reveals prognostic immune cells and its potential mechanism in squamous cell lung carcinoma. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9996. [PMID: 33083119 PMCID: PMC7543728 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Squamous cell lung carcinoma (LUSC) was closely associated with smoking which was known to have a distant immunosuppression effect. In this study, we aimed to explore the relationship between immune cells and clinical outcomes of LUSC patients with smoking history. Methods The immune cell infiltration and RNA expression profiles of LUSC patients were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Then, the correlation between immune cell infiltration and clinical characteristics was explored. According to the level of immune cell infiltration, LUSC patients with smoking history were divided into high or low group to screen the differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs. The prediction of target genes was performed by miRanda. Finally, the prognostic value of a certain signature was confirmed in an independent dataset. Results Higher abundance of tumor-infiltrating T follicular helper (Tfh) cells together with a lower abundance of resting memory CD4 T cells had been found in LUSC current reformed smokers for ≤15 years and current smoking patients. Moreover, Tfh cell infiltration was not only associated with better overall survival (OS) but also varied from different degrees of TNM stage. Low expression of lncRNA PWRN1 and its potential regulating genes DMRTB1, PIRT, APOBEC1, and ZPBP2 were associated with better OS. Combining PWRN1 and four regulating genes as a signature, patients with higher-level expression of the signature had shorter survival time in not only the TCGA but also in the GEO dataset. Conclusions It was found that Tfh cells presented higher infiltration in LUSC current reformed smokers for ≤15 years and current smokers, while resting memory CD4 T cells had lower infiltration. The signature consisting of PWRN1 as well as its predicted targeted mRNAs was dysregulated in different levels of Tfh cell infiltration and might indicate patients' OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyong Wang
- Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jianji Guo
- Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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17
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PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in gastric cancer: Epigenetics and beyond. Life Sci 2020; 262:118513. [PMID: 33011222 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is one of the most important signaling pathways involved in normal cellular processes. Its aberrant activation modulates autophagy, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, apoptosis, chemoresistance, and metastasis in many human cancers. Emerging evidence demonstrates that some infections as well as epigenetic regulatory mechanisms can control PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. In this review, we focused on the role of this pathway in gastric cancer development, prognosis, and metastasis, with an emphasis on epigenetic alterations including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and post-transcriptional modulations through non-coding RNAs fluctuations as well as H. pylori and Epstein-Barr virus infections. Finally, we reviewed different molecular targets and therapeutic agents in clinical trials as a potential strategy for gastric cancer treatment through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
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Shi J, Fu Q, Yang P, Yi Z, Liu S, Wang K. Long noncoding RNA PWRN1 is lowly expressed in osteosarcoma and modulates cancer proliferation and migration by targeting hsa-miR-214-5p. IUBMB Life 2020; 72:2444-2453. [PMID: 32870579 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We examined the expression pattern, clinical relevance, and molecular mechanisms of lncRNA PWRN1 in human osteosarcoma. METHODS qPCR was used to measure PWRN1 expressions in cell lines and tumor samples osteosarcoma. The correlations between PWRN1 and cancer patients' clinicopathological properties and survival were examined. PWRN1 was ectopically overexpressed in MG-63 and 143B cells to assess its function on cancer cell proliferation, cisplatin chemoresistance, and in vivo xenotransplant growth. The ceRNA candidate of PWRN1, miR-214-5p was examined in osteosarcoma cells. In addition, miR-214-5p and PWRN1 were double-overexpressed in osteosarcoma cells to investigate the regulatory role of epigenetic axis PWRN1/miR-214-5p in osteosarcoma. RESULTS We found that PWRN1 was downregulated in both osteosarcoma cells and human tumors. PWRN1 downregulation was correlated with advanced stage, metastasis, and low survival rate in cancer patients. PWRN1 overexpression in osteosarcoma cells significantly inhibited their proliferation, cisplatin chemoresistance, and in vivo growth. In addition, we demonstrated that PWRN1 directly bound miR-214-5p and suppressed its expression in osteosarcoma cells. Furthermore, we showed that miR-214-5p overexpression reversed the anti-cancer effects of PWRN1 on osteosarcoma cell proliferation and cisplatin chemoresistance. CONCLUSION Our data provide new insights into the epigenetic axis of PWRN1/miR-214-5p in regulating osteosarcoma progression and chemoresistance. PWRN1 may also be a biomarker to predicting cancer patients' poor prognosis and novel pharmaceutical targets for personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyuan Shi
- Department of Bone and joint surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Hematology, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pei Yang
- Department of Bone and joint surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhi Yi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shizhang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kunzheng Wang
- Department of Bone and joint surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Tan H, Zhang S, Zhang J, Zhu L, Chen Y, Yang H, Chen Y, An Y, Liu B. Long non-coding RNAs in gastric cancer: New emerging biological functions and therapeutic implications. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:8880-8902. [PMID: 32754285 PMCID: PMC7392009 DOI: 10.7150/thno.47548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is currently the fourth most common malignancy and the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), transcriptional products with more than 200 nucleotides, are not as well-characterized as protein-coding RNAs. Accumulating evidence has recently revealed that maladjustments of diverse lncRNAs may play key roles in multiple genetic and epigenetic phenomena in GC, affecting all aspects of cellular homeostasis, such as proliferation, migration, and stemness. However, the full extent of their functionality remains to be clarified. Considering the lack of viable biomarkers and therapeutic targets, future research should be focused on unravelling the intricate relationships between lncRNAs and GC that can be translated from bench to clinic. Here, we summarized the state-of-the-art advances in lncRNAs and their biological functions in GC, and we further discuss their potential diagnostic and therapeutic roles. We aim to shed light on the interrelationships between lncRNAs and GC with respect to their potential therapeutic applications. With better understanding of these relationships, the biological functions of lncRNAs in GC development will be exploitable, and promising new strategies developed for the prevention and treatment of GC.
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Li F, Chen ZH, Tan BB, Li Y. Long non-coding RNAs as potential markers for occurrence, progression, and prognosis of gastric cancer. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2020; 28:544-552. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v28.i13.544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the relationship between long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and tumor. Abnormal expression of lncRNAs plays an oncogenic or tumor-suppressing role in gastric cancer (GC) by participating in the biological behaviors of GC cells, such as proliferation, invasion, and migration. By summarizing the relevant literature, this paper discusses the research status, detection technology, and mechanism of action of lncRNAs in GC, as well as their potential as markers for occurrence, progression, prognosis, and drug resistance of GC. It is expected that lncRNAs can play an important role in early detection, early treatment, and effective improvement of chemotherapy resistance of GC to achieve personalized precise treatment of this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- Department of Pathology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Zi-Hao Chen
- Third Department of Surgery, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Bi-Bo Tan
- Third Department of Surgery, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yong Li
- Third Department of Surgery, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China
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21
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Jiang J, Wang X, Lu J. PWRN1 Suppressed Cancer Cell Proliferation and Migration in Glioblastoma by Inversely Regulating hsa-miR-21-5p. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:5313-5322. [PMID: 32753949 PMCID: PMC7342408 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s250166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the expression and function of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) Prader-Willi region non-protein coding RNA 1 (PWRN1) in human glioblastoma (GBM). Materials and Methods QRT-PCR was applied to assess PWRN1 expression in human GBM tumors and GBM cell lines. PWRN1 was overexpressed by lentiviral infection in LN-229 and U-251 cells to evaluate its effect on GBM cell proliferation and migration in vitro, and xenograft in vivo. The endogenously competing target of PWRN1, human microRNA-21-5p (hsa-miR-21-5p) was evaluated by dual-luciferase activity assay and qRT-PCR. Also, hsa-miR-21-5p was upregulated in PWRN1-overexpressed GBM cells to evaluate the functional involvement of hsa-miR-21-5p in PWRN1-mediated GBM cell proliferation and migration. Results PWRN1 was downregulated in both human GBM tumors and GBM cell lines. In LN-229 and U-251, PWRN1 overexpression suppressed cancer cell proliferation and migration in vitro, and xenograft growth in vivo. Hsa-miR-21-5p was demonstrated to be the downstream competing target of PWRN1 in GBM. Conversely, upregulating hsa-miR-21-5p in LN-229 and U-251 cells reversed the tumor-suppressing effects of PWRN1 overexpression. Conclusion PWRN1 is markedly downregulated in GBM. Overexpressing PWRN1 has tumor inhibitory effect on GBM cells, likely via reversely suppressing the expression of tumor oncogenic factor of hsa-miR-21-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province 225300, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province 225300, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province 225300, People's Republic of China
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Wang M, Ge X, Zheng Y, Wang C, Zhang Y, Lin Y. Microarray analysis reveals that lncRNA PWRN1-209 promotes human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell osteogenic differentiation on microtopography titanium surface in vitro. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2020; 108:2889-2902. [PMID: 32447825 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Sandblasted, large-grit, and acid-etched (SLA) titanium (Ti) with microtopography is currently one of the most widely used implant materials to accelerate osseointegration. Numerous long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been involved in bone remodeling, with their role in osseointegration, and the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. Here, microarrays of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) were used to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs during early cell differentiation stages (0-7 days) on SLA Ti and polished Ti surfaces. The function of lncRNAs in the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs was identified by RNA silencing and overexpression assays. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect RNA and protein expression. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) protein activity was tested by ALP staining. Altogether, 4112 differentially expressed lncRNAs were identified from day 0 to day 7 on SLA Ti with a novel lncRNA, Prader-willi region non-coding RNA 1-209 (PWRN1-209) upregulated. We then proved that PWRN1-209 promoted osteogenic differentiation in hBMSCs by genetic tools. The upregulation of PWRN1-209 was further confirmed to be related to the surface topography of Ti by comparing SLA Ti and polished Ti. Interestingly, this trend seems to have a certain correlation with the mRNA expression level of integrins (α2, αV, β1, β2) and the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Taken together, the lncRNA PWRN1-209 was upregulated by the SLA microtopography Ti surface, which may regulate osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs through integrin-FAK-ALP signaling. Our results provide new insights into the relationship between surface topography and osseointergration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Wang
- Department of Implantology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiyuan Ge
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of Implantology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenxi Wang
- Department of Implantology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Implantology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Lin
- Department of Implantology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
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Hu Y, Gu X, Duan Y, Shen Y, Xie X. Bioinformatics analysis of prognosis-related long non-coding RNAs in invasive breast carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:113-122. [PMID: 32565939 PMCID: PMC7285808 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer among women worldwide and needs more sensitive prognostic biomarkers to improve its treatment. In the present study, differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in invasive breast carcinoma from The Cancer Genome Atlas and cBioPortal database were investigated, identifying 292 differentially expressed lncRNAs in 1,100 cases. By analyzing the overall survival rate, 10 lncRNAs were significantly correlated with poor prognosis. To explore the underlying molecular mechanisms of the 10 prognosis-related lncRNAs, bioinformatic methods were used to predict the potential target miRNAs, mRNAs and proteins, and to construct a lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network and lncRNA-protein interaction network. Finally, the functions of the target genes and proteins were insvestigated using Gene Ontology enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses. The results showed that these 10 lncRNAs could be novel prognostic markers for invasive breast carcinoma and the present study aimed to provide novel insight into the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Hu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Xidong Gu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Yin Duan
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Yong Shen
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohong Xie
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Taheri M. Long non-coding RNA signature in gastric cancer. Exp Mol Pathol 2019; 113:104365. [PMID: 31899194 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2019.104365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer as a common human malignancy has been associated with aberrant expressions of several coding and non-coding genes. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as regulators of gene expressions at different genomic, transcriptomic and post-transcriptomic levels are among putative biomarkers and therapeutic targets in gastric cancer. In the present study, we have searched available literature and listed lncRNAs that are involved in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer. In addition, we discuss associations between expressions of these lncRNAs and tumoral features or risk factors for gastric cancer. Based on the established role of lncRNAs in regulation of genomic stability, cell cycle, apoptosis, angiogenesis and other aspects of cell physiology, the potential of these transcripts as therapeutic targets in gastric cancer should be evaluated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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25
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Wang Y, Yang F, Yang Q. The regulatory roles and potential prognosis implications of long non-coding RNAs in gastric cancer. Histol Histopathol 2019; 35:433-442. [PMID: 31793657 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating dysregulated lncRNAs have been demonstrated to execute vital functions in the pathogenesis and progress of gastric cancer (GC) through versatile molecular mechanisms. In this review, we classify the mechanisms of dysregulated lncRNAs in GC into several governing types according to their roles at molecular level. For each regulatory role, we illustrate several instructive examples and introduce significant effects of lncRNAs on cellular biological properties of GC. Besides, we summarize a group of lncRNA-signatures that are potential biomarkers in the prediction of prognosis for GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Department of Pathogenobiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Pathogenobiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Pathogenobiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province, China.
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Li R, Liu Y, Wang T, Tang J, Xie L, Yao Z, Li K, Liao Y, Zhou L, Geng Z, Huang Z, Yang Z, Han L. The characteristics of lung cancer in Xuanwei County: A review of differentially expressed genes and noncoding RNAs on cell proliferation and migration. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 119:109312. [PMID: 31518876 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of lung cancers is the highest in Xuanwei County, Yunnan province, China, especially among nonsmoking women. Domestic combustion of smoky coal induces serious indoor air pollution and is considered to be the main cause of human lung cancers. The occurrence of lung cancer in Xuanwei County has unique characteristics, such as the high morbidity in nonsmoking women or people with no family history. In the present review, we summarize advances in identification of differentially expressed genes, regulatory lncRNAs and miRNAs in cell proliferation and migration of lung cancers in Xuanwei County. Moreover, several regulatory differentially expressed genes (DEGs) or noncoding RNAs have diagnostic and prognostic significance for lung cancers in Xuanwei County and have the potential to serve as biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Cancer Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, 650118, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Cancer Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, 650118, China
| | - Tiying Wang
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Cancer Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, 650118, China
| | - Jiadai Tang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Cancer Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, 650118, China
| | - Lin Xie
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Cancer Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, 650118, China.
| | - Zhihong Yao
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Cancer Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, 650118, China
| | - Kechen Li
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Cancer Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, 650118, China
| | - Yedan Liao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Cancer Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, 650118, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Cancer Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, 650118, China
| | - Zhenqin Geng
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Cancer Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, 650118, China
| | - Zeyong Huang
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650504, China
| | - Zuozhang Yang
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Cancer Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, 650118, China.
| | - Lei Han
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Cancer Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, 650118, China
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Zhu XL, Ren LF, Wang HP, Bai ZT, Zhang L, Meng WB, Zhu KX, Ding FH, Miao L, Yan J, Wang YP, Liu YQ, Zhou WC, Li X. Plasma microRNAs as potential new biomarkers for early detection of early gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:1580-1591. [PMID: 30983818 PMCID: PMC6452233 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i13.1580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early gastric cancer (EGC), compared with advanced gastric cancer (AGC), has a higher 5-year survival rate. However, due to the lack of typical symptoms and the difficulty in diagnosing EGC, no effective biomarkers exist for the detection of EGC, and gastroscopy is the only detection method.
AIM To provide new biomarkers with high specificity and sensitivity through analyzed the differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) in EGC and AGC and compared them with those in benign gastritis (BG).
METHODS We examined the differentially expressed miRNAs in the plasma of 30 patients with EGC, AGC, and BG by miRNA chip analysis. Then, we analyzed and selected the significantly different miRNAs using bioinformatics. Reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) confirmed the relative transcription level of these miRNAs in another 122 patients, including patients with EGC, AGC, Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-negative gastritis (Control-1), and H. pylori-positive atrophic gastritis (Control-2). To establish a diagnostic model for the detection of plasma miRNA in EGC, we chose miRNAs that can be used to determine EGC and AGC from Control-1 and Control-2 and miRNAs in EGC from all other groups.
RESULTS Among the expression profiles of the miRNA chips in the three groups in the discovery set, of 117 aberrantly expressed miRNAs, 30 confirmed target prediction, whereas 14 were included as potential miRNAs. The RT-qPCR results showed that 14 potential miRNAs expression profiles in the two groups exhibited no differences in terms of H. pylori-negative gastritis (Control-1) and H. pylori-positive atrophic gastritis (Control-2). Hence, these two groups were incorporated into the Control group. A combination of four types of miRNAs, miR-7641, miR-425-5p, miR-1180-3p and miR-122-5p, were used to effectively distinguish the Cancer group (EGC + AGC) from the Control group [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.799, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.691-0.908, P < 0.001]. Additionally, miR-425-5p, miR-24-3p, miR-1180-3p and miR-122-5p were utilized to distinguish EGC from the Control group (AUC = 0.829, 95%CI: 0.657-1.000, P = 0.001). Moreover, the miR-24-3p expression level in EGC was lower than that in the AGC (AUC = 0.782, 95%CI: 0.571-0.993, P = 0.029), and the miR-4632-5p expression level in EGC was significantly higher than that in AGC (AUC = 0.791, 95%CI: 0.574-1.000, P = 0.024).
CONCLUSION The differentially expressed circulatory plasma miR-425-5p, miR-1180-3p, miR-122-5p, miR-24-3p and miR-4632-5p can be regarded as a new potential biomarker panel for the diagnosis of EGC. The prediction and early diagnosis of EGC can be considerably facilitated by combining gastroscopy with the use of these miRNA biomarkers, thereby optimizing the strategy for effective detection of EGC. Nevertheless, larger-scale human experiments are still required to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Liang Zhu
- The Fifth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Long-Fei Ren
- The Fifth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Hai-Ping Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Biological Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Transformation Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Zhong-Tian Bai
- The Second Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- The Fifth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Wen-Bo Meng
- The Department of Minimally invasive surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Ke-Xiang Zhu
- The Second Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Fang-Hui Ding
- The Fifth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Long Miao
- The Second Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Jun Yan
- The Second Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Yan-Ping Wang
- The Pharmacy Department, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Yu-Qin Liu
- Cancer Epidemiology Research Center, Gansu Cancer Hospital, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu Province, China
| | - Wen-Ce Zhou
- The Second Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Xun Li
- The Fifth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
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Luo Q, Cui M, Deng Q, Liu J. Comprehensive analysis of differentially expressed profiles and reconstruction of a competing endogenous RNA network in papillary renal cell carcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:4685-4696. [PMID: 30957192 PMCID: PMC6522832 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) function as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs). ceRNA networks may serve important roles in various tumors, as demonstrated by an increasing number of studies; however, papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC)-associated ceRNA networks mediated by lncRNAs remain unknown. Increased knowledge of ceRNA networks in PRCC may aid the identification of novel targets and biomarkers in the treatment of PRCC. In the present study, a comprehensive investigation of mRNA, lncRNA, and microRNA (miRNA) expression in PRCC was conducted using sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Differential expression (DE) profiles of mRNAs, lncRNAs and miRNAs were evaluated, with 1,970 mRNAs, 1,201 lncRNAs and 96 miRNAs identified as genes with significantly different expression between PRCC and control paracancerous tissues. Based on the identified DEmRNAs, a protein-protein interaction network was generated using the STRING database. Furthermore, a ceRNA network for PRCC was determined using a targeted assay combined with the DE of miRNAs, mRNAs and lncRNAs, enabling the identification of important lncRNA-miRNA and miRNA-mRNA pairs. Analysis of the ceRNA network led to the extraction of a subnetwork and the identification of lncRNA maternally expressed 3 (MEG3), lncRNA PWRN1, miRNA (miR)-508, miR-21 and miR519 as important genes. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis was conducted to validate the results of the bioinformatics analyses; it was revealed that lncRNA MEG3 expression levels were downregulated in PRCC tumor tissues compared with adjacent non-tumor tissues. In addition, survival analysis was conducted to investigate the association between identified genes and the prognosis of patients with PRCC, indicating the potential involvement of 13 mRNAs, 15 lncRNAs and six miRNAs. In conclusion, the present study may improve understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of ceRNA networks in PRCC and provide novel insight for future studies of prognostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Meng Cui
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Qinfu Deng
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Jinbo Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
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Costa RA, Ferreira IR, Cintra HA, Gomes LHF, Guida LDC. Genotype-Phenotype Relationships and Endocrine Findings in Prader-Willi Syndrome. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:864. [PMID: 31920975 PMCID: PMC6923197 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a complex imprinting disorder related to genomic errors that inactivate paternally-inherited genes on chromosome 15q11-q13 with severe implications on endocrine, cognitive and neurologic systems, metabolism, and behavior. The absence of expression of one or more genes at the PWS critical region contributes to different phenotypes. There are three molecular mechanisms of occurrence: paternal deletion of the 15q11-q13 region; maternal uniparental disomy 15; or imprinting defects. Although there is a clinical diagnostic consensus criteria, DNA methylation status must be confirmed through genetic testing. The endocrine system can be the most affected in PWS, and growth hormone replacement therapy provides improvement in growth, body composition, and behavioral and physical attributes. A key feature of the syndrome is the hypothalamic dysfunction that may be the basis of several endocrine symptoms. Clinical and molecular complexity in PWS enhances the importance of genetic diagnosis in therapeutic definition and genetic counseling. So far, no single gene mutation has been described to contribute to this genetic disorder or related to any exclusive symptoms. Here we proposed to review individually disrupted genes within the PWS critical region and their reported clinical phenotypes related to the syndrome. While genes such as MKRN3, MAGEL2, NDN, or SNORD115 do not address the full spectrum of PWS symptoms and are less likely to have causal implications in PWS major clinical signs, SNORD116 has emerged as a critical, and possibly, a determinant candidate in PWS, in the recent years. Besides that, the understanding of the biology of the PWS SNORD genes is fairly low at the present. These non-coding RNAs exhibit all the hallmarks of RNA methylation guides and can be incorporated into ribonucleoprotein complexes with possible hypothalamic and endocrine functions. Also, DNA conservation between SNORD sequences across placental mammals strongly suggests that they have a functional role as RNA entities on an evolutionary basis. The broad clinical spectrum observed in PWS and the absence of a clear genotype-phenotype specific correlation imply that the numerous genes involved in the syndrome have an additive deleterious effect on different phenotypes when deficiently expressed.
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