1
|
Mahmood NMS, Mahmud AM, Maulood IM. The vascular influence of melatonin on endothelial response to angiotensin II in diabetic rat aorta. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2024; 56:531-542. [PMID: 39083188 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-024-10032-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 10/06/2024]
Abstract
The current study explored melatonin (MEL) and its receptors, including MEL type 1 receptor (MT1) receptor and MEL type 2 receptor (MT2), along with the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), influence on vascular responses to angiotensin II (Ang II) in rat aortic segments of normal and diabetic rats. The isolated aortic segments were exposed to MEL, the MEL agonist; ramelteon (RAM), the MEL antagonist; luzindole (LUZ), and an ACE2 inhibitor (S, S)-2-(1-Carboxy-2-(3-(3,5-dichlorobenzyl)-3 H-imidazol-4-yl)-ethylamino)-4-methylpentanoic acid,) on Ang II-induced contractions in non-diabetic normal endothelium (non-DM E+), non-diabetic removed endothelium (non-DM E-), and streptozotocin-induced diabetic endothelium-intact (STZ-induced DM E+) rat aortic segments, as well as their combination in STZ-induced DM E + segments, were also included. The current results showed that MEL and RAM shifted Ang II dose-response curve (DRC) to the right side in non-DM E + and non-DM E- aorta but not in STZ-induced DM E + aorta. However, ACE2 inhibition abolished Ang II degradation only in STZ-induced DM E + segments, not in non-DM E + segments. Additionally, the combinations of MEL-LUZ and RAM-ACE2 inhibitor caused a rightward shift in Ang II response in STZ-induced DM E + segments, while the MEL-LUZ combination decreased Ang II DRC. The findings suggest that the effects of MEL and ACE2 inhibitor on Ang II responses depend on the condition of the endothelium and the distribution of the MEL receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nazar M Shareef Mahmood
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
| | - Almas Mr Mahmud
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Ismail M Maulood
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen L, Peng Z, Yang Y, He J, Lv Z, Zheng Q, Lei T, Guo W, Chen Z, Liu Y, Ran Y, Yang J. The neo-potential therapeutic strategy in preeclampsia: Downregulated miR-26a-2-3p motivates endothelial cell injury by targeting 15-LOX-1. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 225:112-126. [PMID: 39357683 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.09.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) poses a life-threatening risk for both mothers and babies, and its onset and progression are linked to endothelial injury. The enzyme 15-lipoxygenase-1 (15-LOX-1), critical in arachidonic acid metabolism, is implicated in various diseases, yet its specific role and precise mechanisms in PE remain largely unknown. In this study, we found that 15-LOX-1 and its main metabolite, 15-HETE, were significantly increased in both the placenta and serum of PE patients. This increase was accompanied by elevated levels of endothelial injury markers, including intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). A positive correlation between 15-LOX-1 and those markers in the placenta. In Alox15-/- mice, Alox15 deficiency reduced endothelial cell injury in PE-like mice induced by L-NAME. In vitro studies showed that hypoxia-induced upregulation of 15-LOX-1 reduced the cell viability, migration, and angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), while increasing apoptosis and inflammatory cell adhesion. Mechanistically, the p38 MAPK pathway was identified as a downstream target of 15-LOX-1. Knocking down 15-LOX-1 or inhibiting p38 MAPK activation improved endothelial cell injury in hypoxia-treated HUVECs. Furthermore, downregulation of miR-26a-2-3p was found to correlate negatively and colocalize with 15-LOX-1 upregulation in the placenta of PE patients. Luciferase reporter assays further confirmed that miR-26a-2-3p directly bind to the 3'UTR of 15-LOX-1, targeting its expression. Moreover, miR-26a-2-3p agomir ameliorated the PE-like phenotype in mice through the 15-LOX-1/p38 MAPK axis, improving endothelial dysfunction. Therefore, our study provides novel insights into the pathogenesis of PE and highlight modulating the miR-26a-2-3p/15-LOX-1/p38 MAPK axis as a potential therapeutic target for PE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Pharmacy, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhe Peng
- Department of Pharmacy, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Pharmacy, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Pharmacy, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China
| | - Jungong He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zongjie Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Pharmacy, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China
| | - Qixue Zheng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tiantian Lei
- Department of Pharmacy, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Pharmacy, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenjia Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Pharmacy, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Pharmacy, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China.
| | - Yajuan Ran
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Junqing Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhao X, Hu Q, Wang X, Li C, Chen X, Zhao D, Qiu Y, Xu H, Wang J, Ren L, Zhang N, Li S, Gong P, Hou Y. Dual-target inhibitors based on acetylcholinesterase: Novel agents for Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 279:116810. [PMID: 39243456 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia among the elderly, accounting for 60 %-70 % of cases. At present, the pathogenesis of this condition remains unclear, but the hydrolysis of acetylcholine (ACh) is thought to play a role. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) can break down ACh transmission from the presynaptic membrane and stop neurotransmitters' excitatory effect on the postsynaptic membrane, which plays a key role in nerve conduction. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) can delay the hydrolysis of acetylcholine (ACh), which represents a key strategy for treating AD. Due to its complex etiology, AD has proven challenging to treat. Various inhibitors and antagonists targeting key enzymes and proteins implicated in the disease's pathogenesis have been explored as potential therapeutic agents. These include Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β (GSK-3β) inhibitors, β-site APP Cleaving Enzyme (BACE-1) inhibitors, Monoamine Oxidase (MAO) inhibitors, Phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDEs), N-methyl--aspartic Acid (NMDA) antagonists, Histamine 3 receptor antagonists (H3R), Serotonin receptor subtype 4 (5-HT4R) antagonists, Sigma1 receptor antagonists (S1R) and soluble Epoxide Hydrolase (sEH) inhibitors. The drug development strategy of multi-target-directed ligands (MTDLs) offers unique advantages in the treatment of complex diseases. On the one hand, it can synergistically enhance the therapeutic efficacy of single-target drugs. On the other hand, it can also reduce the side effects. In this review, we discuss the design strategy of dual inhibitors based on acetylcholinesterase and the structure-activity relationship of these drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingyi Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 105 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Qiaoguan Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 105 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xiaoqian Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 105 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Chunting Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 105 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Yangtze River Pharmaceutical Group Jiangsu Haici Biological Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. 8 Taizhen Road, Medical New & Hi-tech Industrial Development Zone, Taizhou City, Jiangsu Province, 225321, China
| | - Dong Zhao
- Yangtze River Pharmaceutical Group Jiangsu Haici Biological Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. 8 Taizhen Road, Medical New & Hi-tech Industrial Development Zone, Taizhou City, Jiangsu Province, 225321, China
| | - Yue Qiu
- Yangtze River Pharmaceutical Group Jiangsu Haici Biological Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. 8 Taizhen Road, Medical New & Hi-tech Industrial Development Zone, Taizhou City, Jiangsu Province, 225321, China
| | - Haoyu Xu
- Yangtze River Pharmaceutical (Group) CO., Ltd. NO.1 South Yangtze River Road, Taizhou City, Jiangsu Province, 225321, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 105 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Le Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 105 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Na Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 105 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Shuang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 105 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Ping Gong
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 105 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Yunlei Hou
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 105 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dhulkifle H, Therachiyil L, Hasan MH, Sayed TS, Younis SM, Korashy HM, Yalcin HC, Maayah ZH. Inhibition of cytochrome P450 epoxygenase promotes endothelium-to-mesenchymal transition and exacerbates doxorubicin-induced cardiovascular toxicity. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:859. [PMID: 39066934 PMCID: PMC11283412 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09803-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Doxorubicin (DOX) is a potent chemotherapy widely used in treating various neoplastic diseases. However, the clinical use of DOX is limited due to its potential toxic effect on the cardiovascular system. Thus, identifying the pathway involved in this toxicity may help minimize chemotherapy risk and improve cancer patients' quality of life. Recent studies suggest that Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal transition (EndMT) and endothelial toxicity contribute to the pathogenesis of DOX-induced cardiovascular toxicity. However, the molecular mechanism is yet unknown. Given that arachidonic acid and associated cytochrome P450 (CYP) epoxygenase have been involved in endothelial and cardiovascular function, we aimed to examine the effect of suppressing CYP epoxygenases on DOX-induced EndMT and cardiovascular toxicity in vitro and in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS To test this, human endothelial cells were treated with DOX, with or without CYP epoxygenase inhibitor, MSPPOH. We also investigated the effect of MSPPOH on the cardiovascular system in our zebrafish model of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Our results showed that MSPPOH exacerbated DOX-induced EndMT, inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in our endothelial cells. Furthermore, we also show that MSPPOH increased cardiac edema, lowered vascular blood flow velocity, and worsened the expression of EndMT and cardiac injury markers in our zebrafish model of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that a selective CYP epoxygenase inhibitor, MSPPOH, induces EndMT and endothelial toxicity to contribute to DOX-induced cardiovascular toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hevna Dhulkifle
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health Sector, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Lubna Therachiyil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health Sector, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
- Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Maram H Hasan
- Biomedical Research Center, QU Health Sector, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Tahseen S Sayed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health Sector, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shahd M Younis
- Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hesham M Korashy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health Sector, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Huseyin C Yalcin
- Biomedical Research Center, QU Health Sector, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health Sector, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Zaid H Maayah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health Sector, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yue X, Fu Y, Li Z, Zou Y, Dai Y. Network pharmacology and untargeted metabolomic-based investigation of anti-osteoporotic effects of viscozyme-assisted polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea L. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 243:116104. [PMID: 38513501 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease closely associated with oxidative stress. We had previously confirmed that the Viscozyme-assisted polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea L (VPOP1) protects against antioxidant stress and evaluated the structure of VPOP1. In this study, we aimed to explore the anti-osteoporotic effects of VPOP1 on H2O2-induced osteoblast apoptosis. In addition, untargeted zebrafish metabolomics based on UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS was used to investigate the potential anti-osteoporotic mechanisms of VPOP1. The levels of Bcl-2 decreased significantly and those of caspase-3, Bax, and cytochrome C increased after treatment with H2O2. VPOP1 inhibited apoptosis in H2O2-induced MC3T3 cells. Metabolomic analyses showed that 28 potential biomarkers were gradually restored to normal levels after treatment with VPOP1 compared with that in the model group. Among them, leukotrienes D4 and A4, L-dopa, and L-tyrosine are important biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Pathway analysis revealed that arachidonic acid, tyrosine, phenylalanine, and sphingolipid metabolism were the major intervening pathways. Collectively, these results help us understand the protective activity of large molecular weight compounds, such as VPOP1, against osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xitao Yue
- School of Medical Information, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China.
| | - Yunhua Fu
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China.
| | - Zhuoran Li
- School of Medical Information, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China.
| | - Yuanjun Zou
- School of Medical Information, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China.
| | - Yulin Dai
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fidanza M, Hibbert J, Acton E, Harbeson D, Schoeman E, Skut P, Woodman T, Eynaud A, Hartnell L, Brook B, Cai B, Lo M, Falsafi R, Hancock REW, Chiume-Kayuni M, Lufesi N, Popescu CR, Lavoie PM, Strunk T, Currie AJ, Kollmann TR, Amenyogbe N, Lee AH. Angiogenesis-associated pathways play critical roles in neonatal sepsis outcomes. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11444. [PMID: 38769383 PMCID: PMC11106288 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62195-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Neonatal sepsis is a major cause of childhood mortality. Limited diagnostic tools and mechanistic insights have hampered our abilities to develop prophylactic or therapeutic interventions. Biomarkers in human neonatal sepsis have been repeatedly identified as associated with dysregulation of angiopoietin signaling and altered arachidonic acid metabolism. We here provide the mechanistic evidence in support of the relevance for these observations. Angiopoetin-1 (Ang-1), which promotes vascular integrity, was decreased in blood plasma of human and murine septic newborns. In preclinical models, administration of Ang-1 provided prophylactic protection from septic death. Arachidonic acid metabolism appears to be functionally connected to Ang-1 via reactive oxygen species (ROS) with a direct role of nitric oxide (NO). Strengthening this intersection via oral administration of arachidonic acid and/or the NO donor L-arginine provided prophylactic as well as therapeutic protection from septic death while also increasing plasma Ang-1 levels among septic newborns. Our data highlight that targeting angiogenesis-associated pathways with interventions that increase Ang-1 activity directly or indirectly through ROS/eNOS provide promising avenues to prevent and/or treat severe neonatal sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Julie Hibbert
- Westfarmers Center of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
- Medical, Molecular and Forensic Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Erica Acton
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
| | - Danny Harbeson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | | | - Tabitha Woodman
- Medical, Molecular and Forensic Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | | | - Lucy Hartnell
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
- Medical, Molecular and Forensic Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Byron Brook
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Precision Vaccines Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bing Cai
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Mandy Lo
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Reza Falsafi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Robert E W Hancock
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Msandeni Chiume-Kayuni
- Department of Pediatrics, Kamuzu Central Hospital, Lilongwe, Malawi
- Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Norman Lufesi
- Department of Curative and Medical Rehabilitation, Ministry of Health, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Constantin R Popescu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Pascal M Lavoie
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Tobias Strunk
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
- Westfarmers Center of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
- Neonatal Directorate, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Andrew J Currie
- Medical, Molecular and Forensic Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Tobias R Kollmann
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia.
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada.
| | - Nelly Amenyogbe
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia.
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada.
| | - Amy H Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada.
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yuan MH, Zhong WX, Wang YL, Liu YS, Song JW, Guo YR, Zeng B, Guo YP, Guo L. Therapeutic effects and molecular mechanisms of natural products in thrombosis. Phytother Res 2024; 38:2128-2153. [PMID: 38400575 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Thrombotic disorders, such as myocardial infarction and stroke, are the leading cause of death in the global population and have become a health problem worldwide. Drug therapy is one of the main antithrombotic strategies, but antithrombotic drugs are not completely safe, especially the risk of bleeding at therapeutic doses. Recently, natural products have received widespread interest due to their significant efficacy and high safety, and an increasing number of studies have demonstrated their antithrombotic activity. In this review, articles from databases, such as Web of Science, PubMed, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure, were filtered and the relevant information was extracted according to predefined criteria. As a result, more than 100 natural products with significant antithrombotic activity were identified, including flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, quinones, terpenoids, steroids, and alkaloids. These compounds exert antithrombotic effects by inhibiting platelet activation, suppressing the coagulation cascade, and promoting fibrinolysis. In addition, several natural products also inhibit thrombosis by regulating miRNA expression, anti-inflammatory, and other pathways. This review systematically summarizes the natural products with antithrombotic activity, including their therapeutic effects, mechanisms, and clinical applications, aiming to provide a reference for the development of new antithrombotic drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wen-Xiao Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu-Lu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu-Shi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia-Wen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu-Rou Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi-Ping Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Halvorson BD, Bao Y, Singh KK, Frisbee SJ, Hachinski V, Whitehead SN, Melling CWJ, Chantler PD, Goldman D, Frisbee JC. Thromboxane-induced cerebral microvascular rarefaction predicts depressive symptom emergence in metabolic disease. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2024; 136:122-140. [PMID: 37969083 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00410.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that the loss of microvessel density in the peripheral circulation with evolving metabolic disease severity represents a significant contributor to impaired skeletal muscle oxygenation and fatigue-resistance. Based on this and our recent work, we hypothesized that cerebral microvascular rarefaction was initiated from the increased prooxidant and proinflammatory environment with metabolic disease and is predictive of the severity of the emergence of depressive symptoms in obese Zucker rats (OZRs). In male OZR, cerebrovascular rarefaction followed the emergence of elevated oxidant and inflammatory environments characterized by increased vascular production of thromboxane A2 (TxA2). The subsequent emergence of depressive symptoms in OZR was associated with the timing and severity of the rarefaction. Chronic intervention with antioxidant (TEMPOL) or anti-inflammation (pentoxifylline) therapy blunted the severity of rarefaction and depressive symptoms, although the effectiveness was limited. Blockade of TxA2 production (dazmegrel) or action (SQ-29548) resulted in a stronger therapeutic effect, suggesting that vascular production and action represent a significant contributor to rarefaction and the emergence of depressive symptoms with chronic metabolic disease (although other pathways clearly contribute as well). A de novo biosimulation of cerebrovascular oxygenation in the face of progressive rarefaction demonstrates the increased probability of generating hypoxic regions within the microvascular networks, which could contribute to impaired neuronal metabolism and the emergence of depressive symptoms. The results of the present study also implicate the potential importance of aggressive prodromic intervention in reducing the severity of chronic complications arising from metabolic disease.NEW & NOTEWORTHY With clinical studies linking vascular disease risk to depressive symptom emergence, we used obese Zucker rats, a model of chronic metabolic disease, to identify potential mechanistic links between these two negative outcomes. Depressive symptom severity correlated with the extent of cerebrovascular rarefaction, after increased vascular oxidant stress/inflammation and TxA2 production. Anti-TxA2 interventions prevasculopathy blunted rarefaction and depressive symptoms, while biosimulation indicated that cerebrovascular rarefaction increased hypoxia within capillary networks as a potential contributing mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brayden D Halvorson
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yuki Bao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Krishna K Singh
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephanie J Frisbee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vladimir Hachinski
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shawn N Whitehead
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - C W James Melling
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul D Chantler
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States
| | - Daniel Goldman
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jefferson C Frisbee
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Xue C, Chen K, Gao Z, Bao T, Dong L, Zhao L, Tong X, Li X. Common mechanisms underlying diabetic vascular complications: focus on the interaction of metabolic disorders, immuno-inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:298. [PMID: 37904236 PMCID: PMC10614351 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-01016-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic vascular complications (DVCs), including macro- and micro- angiopathy, account for a high percentage of mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Endothelial dysfunction is the initial and role step for the pathogenesis of DVCs. Hyperglycemia and lipid metabolism disorders contribute to endothelial dysfunction via direct injury of metabolism products, crosstalk between immunity and inflammation, as well as related interaction network. Although physiological and phenotypic differences support their specified changes in different targeted organs, there are still several common mechanisms underlying DVCs. Also, inhibitors of these common mechanisms may decrease the incidence of DVCs effectively. Thus, this review may provide new insights into the possible measures for the secondary prevention of DM. And we discussed the current limitations of those present preventive measures in DVCs research. Video Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chongxiang Xue
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No.5 BeiXianGe Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Keyu Chen
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No.5 BeiXianGe Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zezheng Gao
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No.5 BeiXianGe Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Tingting Bao
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No.5 BeiXianGe Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - LiShuo Dong
- Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Linhua Zhao
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No.5 BeiXianGe Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Xiaolin Tong
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No.5 BeiXianGe Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Xiuyang Li
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No.5 BeiXianGe Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang X, Wang M, Liu H, Mercieca K, Prinz J, Feng Y, Prokosch V. The Association between Vascular Abnormalities and Glaucoma-What Comes First? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13211. [PMID: 37686017 PMCID: PMC10487550 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. While intraocular pressure (IOP) presents a major risk factor, the underlying pathophysiology still remains largely unclear. The correlation between vascular abnormalities and glaucoma has been deliberated for decades. Evidence for a role played by vascular factors in the pathogenesis of glaucomatous neurodegeneration has already been postulated. In addition, the fact that glaucoma causes both structural and functional changes to retinal blood vessels has been described. This review aims to investigate the published evidence concerning the relationship between vascular abnormalities and glaucoma, and to provide an overview of the "chicken or egg" dilemma in glaucoma. In this study, several biomarkers of glaucoma progression from a vascular perspective, including endothelin-1 (ET-1), nitric oxide, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), were identified and subsequently assessed for their potential as pharmacological intervention targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosha Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (X.W.); (M.W.); (H.L.); (J.P.); (Y.F.)
| | - Maoren Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (X.W.); (M.W.); (H.L.); (J.P.); (Y.F.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Hanhan Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (X.W.); (M.W.); (H.L.); (J.P.); (Y.F.)
| | - Karl Mercieca
- Glaucoma Section, University Hospital Eye Clinic, 53127 Bonn, Germany;
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WH, UK
| | - Julia Prinz
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (X.W.); (M.W.); (H.L.); (J.P.); (Y.F.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Yuan Feng
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (X.W.); (M.W.); (H.L.); (J.P.); (Y.F.)
| | - Verena Prokosch
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (X.W.); (M.W.); (H.L.); (J.P.); (Y.F.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang W, Song L, Yang L, Li C, Ma Y, Xue M, Shi D. Panax quinquefolius saponins combined with dual antiplatelet therapy enhanced platelet inhibition with alleviated gastric injury via regulating eicosanoids metabolism. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:289. [PMID: 37596586 PMCID: PMC10436642 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04112-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Panax quinquefolius saponin (PQS) was shown beneficial against platelet adhesion and for gastroprotection. This study aimed to investigate the integrated efficacy of PQS with dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) on platelet aggregation, myocardial infarction (MI) expansion and gastric injury in a rat model of acute MI (AMI) and to explore the mechanism regarding arachidonic acid (AA)-derived eicosanoids metabolism. METHODS Wistar rats were subjected to left coronary artery occlusion to induce AMI model followed by treatment with DAPT, PQS or the combined therapy. Platelet aggregation was measured by light transmission aggregometry. Infarct size, myocardial histopathology was evaluated by TTC and H&E staining, respectively. Gastric mucosal injury was examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM). A comprehensive eicosanoids profile in plasma and gastric mucosa was characterized by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer-based lipidomic analysis. RESULTS PQS+DAPT further decreased platelet aggregation, lessened infarction and attenuated cardiac injury compared with DAPT. Plasma lipidomic analysis revealed significantly increased synthesis of epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET) and prostaglandin (PG) I2 (potent inhibitors for platelet adhesion and aggregation) while markedly decreased thromboxane (TX) A2 (an agonist for platelet activation and thrombosis) by PQS+DAPT, relative to DAPT. DAPT induced overt gastric mucosal damage, which was attenuated by PQS co-administration. Mucosal gastroprotective PGs (PGE2, PGD2 and PGI2) were consistently increased after supplementation of PQS+DAPT. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, PQS+DAPT showed synergistic effect in platelet inhibition with ameliorated MI expansion partially through upregulation of AA/EET and AA/PGI2 synthesis while suppression of AA/TXA2 metabolism. PQS attenuated DAPT-induced gastric injury, which was mechanistically linked to increased mucosal PG production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
- Affiliated Hangzhou Chest Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Lei Song
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
- Center of Cardiovascular Disease, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Lin Yang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
- Center of Cardiovascular Disease, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Changkun Li
- Shimadzu (China) Co., LTD Beijing Branch, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology & Immunology, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mei Xue
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China.
- Center of Cardiovascular Disease, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China.
| | - Dazhuo Shi
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China.
- Center of Cardiovascular Disease, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Imig JD. Bioactive lipids in hypertension. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2023; 97:1-35. [PMID: 37236756 PMCID: PMC10918458 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is a major healthcare issue that afflicts one in every three adults worldwide and contributes to cardiovascular diseases, morbidity and mortality. Bioactive lipids contribute importantly to blood pressure regulation via actions on the vasculature, kidney, and inflammation. Vascular actions of bioactive lipids include blood pressure lowering vasodilation and blood pressure elevating vasoconstriction. Increased renin release by bioactive lipids in the kidney is pro-hypertensive whereas anti-hypertensive bioactive lipid actions result in increased sodium excretion. Bioactive lipids have pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory actions that increase or decrease reactive oxygen species and impact vascular and kidney function in hypertension. Human studies provide evidence that fatty acid metabolism and bioactive lipids contribute to sodium and blood pressure regulation in hypertension. Genetic changes identified in humans that impact arachidonic acid metabolism have been associated with hypertension. Arachidonic acid cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase and cytochrome P450 metabolites have pro-hypertensive and anti-hypertensive actions. Omega-3 fish oil fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid are known to be anti-hypertensive and cardiovascular protective. Lastly, emerging fatty acid research areas include blood pressure regulation by isolevuglandins, nitrated fatty acids, and short chain fatty acids. Taken together, bioactive lipids are key contributors to blood pressure regulation and hypertension and their manipulation could decrease cardiovascular disease and associated morbidity and mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John D Imig
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Fatty acids act on vascular endothelial cells and influence the development of cardiovascular disease. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2023; 165:106704. [PMID: 36621562 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2023.106704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) maintain the health of blood vessels and prevent the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Free saturated fatty acids (FAs) induce EC damage and increase the risk of CVD by promoting arteriosclerosis. Conversely, polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs), such as docosahexaenoic acid, are thought to suppress EC damage induced during the early stages of CVD. This review describes the effects of multiple dietary FAs on EC disorders involved in the development of CVD. The roles of FAs in atherosclerosis and CVD were analyzed by evaluating articles published in PubMed, Science Direct, and Web of Science. Saturated FAs were found to induce EC damage by reducing the production and action of EC-derived nitric oxide. Oxidative stress, inflammation, and the renin-angiotensin system were found to be involved in EC disorder. Furthermore, n-3 PUFAs were found to reduce EC dysfunction and prevent the development of EC disorder. These results indicate that FAs may affect EC failure induced during the early stages of CVD and reduce the risk of developing the disease.
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhao H, Wu Q, Li N, Chen Y. The mechanism of chronic unpredictable mild stress induced high blood pressure in rats: a proteomic and targeted metabolomic analysis. Mol Omics 2023. [PMID: 36938653 DOI: 10.1039/d2mo00332e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Chronic stress, a leading factor for high blood pressure (BP) and even hypertension, affects health quality seriously. However, the management is rather difficult in our rapidly developing modern society, and the underlying mechanism that caused hypertension remains incompletely understood. In this study, we established a rat model of high BP induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). The results showed that CUMS increased the BP and heart rate, as well as the concentrations of CORT, NA, and ACTH. Based on tandem mass tag (TMT)-labeled proteomics, 13 proteins changed in RVLM. Then, targeted metabolomics together with real-time qPCR were applied to validate the levels of the biomolecules quantitatively. The related molecules were confirmed to reveal that CUMS has a great role in the upregulation of muscle contraction, synthesis of cAMP and transport of metals, while down-regulating ralaxin signaling. This finding facilitates a better understanding of the mechanism of hypertension induced by chronic stress and could provide an insight into the prevention and treatment of hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Zhao
- Zhanjiang Institution of Clinical Medicine, Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, 524045, China. .,School of medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Yinchuan Women and Children Healthcare Hospital, Yinchuan, 750000, China. .,School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Na Li
- School of medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.,School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yongchun Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Naval Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Zhanjiang, 524000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Effects of Boron-Containing Compounds on Liposoluble Hormone Functions. INORGANICS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics11020084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Boron-containing compounds (BCC), particularly boronic acids and derivatives, are being increasingly tested as diagnostic and therapeutic agents. Some effects of BCC involve phenomena linked to the action of steroid or thyroid hormones; among these, are the effects on muscle mass or basal metabolism. Additionally, some toxicology reports on mammals, including humans, sound an alert concerning damage to several systems, among which are the negative effects on the induction of male infertility. Systemic and local mechanisms to explain changes in metabolism and impaired fertility were collected and presented. Then, we presented the putative pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic mechanisms involved and demonstrated in these events. In addition, it is proposed that there are adducts of some oxygenated BCC with cis-diols in fructose, an essential source of energy for sperm–cell motility, an uncoupling of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and its ligands, and the modulation of the DNA synthetic rate. These effects share the reactivity of boron-containing compounds on the cis-diols of key molecules. Moreover, data reporting no DNA damage after BCC administration are included. Further studies are required to support the clear role of BCC through these events to disrupt metabolism or fertility in mammals. If such phenomena are confirmed and elucidated, an advance could be useful to design strategies for avoiding BCC toxicity after BCC administration, and possibly for designing metabolism regulators and contraceptive drugs, among other purposes. Boronic derivatives and carboranes have been proposed and studied in this field.
Collapse
|
16
|
Cheng J, Peng X, Li H, Feijó A, Xia L, Shenbrot GI, Ge D, Wen Z, Wang D, Yang Q. Similar adaptative mechanism but divergent demographic history of four sympatric desert rodents in Eurasian inland. Commun Biol 2023; 6:33. [PMID: 36635382 PMCID: PMC9837166 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04415-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenotypes associated with metabolism and water retention are thought to be key to the adaptation of desert species. However, knowledge on the genetic changes and selective regimes on the similar and divergent ways to desert adaptation in sympatric and phylogenetically close desert organisms remains limited. Here, we generate a chromosome level genome assembly for Northern three-toed jerboa (Dipus sagitta) and three other high-quality genome assemblies for Siberian jerboa (Orientallactaga sibirica), Midday jird (Meriones meridianus), and Desert hamster (Phodopus roborovskii). Genomic analyses unveil that desert adaptation of the four species mainly result from similar metabolic pathways, such as arachidonic acid metabolism, thermogenesis, oxidative phosphorylation, insulin related pathway, DNA repair and protein synthesis and degradation. However, the specific evolved genes in the same adaptative molecular pathway often differ in the four species. We also reveal similar niche selection but different demographic histories and sensitivity to climate changes, which may be related to the diversified genomic adaptative features. In addition, our study suggests that nocturnal rodents have evolved some specific adaptative mechanism to desert environments compared to large desert animals. Our genomic resources will provide an important foundation for further research on desert genetic adaptations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jilong Cheng
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Xingwen Peng
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101 China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Hong Li
- grid.410753.4Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Anderson Feijó
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Lin Xia
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Georgy I. Shenbrot
- grid.7489.20000 0004 1937 0511Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Negev, 84990 Israel
| | - Deyan Ge
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Zhixin Wen
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Dehua Wang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Lab of Integrated management for Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Qisen Yang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101 China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Menon NJ, Halvorson BD, Alimorad GH, Frisbee JC, Lizotte DJ, Ward AD, Goldman D, Chantler PD, Frisbee SJ. A novel vascular health index: Using data analytics and population health to facilitate mechanistic modeling of microvascular status. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1071813. [PMID: 36561210 PMCID: PMC9763931 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1071813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of vascular function across conditions has been an intensive area of investigation for many years. While these efforts have revealed many factors contributing to vascular health, challenges remain for integrating results across research groups, animal models, and experimental conditions to understand integrated vascular function. As such, the insights attained in clinical/population research from linking datasets, have not been fully realized in the basic sciences, thus frustrating advanced analytics and complex modeling. To achieve comparable advances, we must address the conceptual challenge of defining/measuring integrated vascular function and the technical challenge of combining data across conditions, models, and groups. Here, we describe an approach to establish and validate a composite metric of vascular function by comparing parameters of vascular function in metabolic disease (the obese Zucker rat) to the same parameters in age-matched, "healthy" conditions, resulting in a common outcome measure which we term the vascular health index (VHI). VHI allows for the integration of datasets, thus expanding sample size and permitting advanced modeling to gain insight into the development of peripheral and cerebral vascular dysfunction. Markers of vascular reactivity, vascular wall mechanics, and microvascular network density are integrated in the VHI. We provide a detailed presentation of the development of the VHI and provide multiple measures to assess face, content, criterion, and discriminant validity of the metric. Our results demonstrate how the VHI captures multiple indices of dysfunction in the skeletal muscle and cerebral vasculature with metabolic disease and provide context for an integrated understanding of vascular health under challenged conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nithin J. Menon
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Brayden D. Halvorson
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Gabrielle H. Alimorad
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Jefferson C. Frisbee
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel J. Lizotte
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada,Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Science, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada,Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
| | - Aaron D. Ward
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada,Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel Goldman
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Paul D. Chantler
- Department of Human Performance-Exercise Physiology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Stephanie J. Frisbee
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada,Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada,*Correspondence: Stephanie J. Frisbee,
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sabbir MG, Wigle JT, Taylor CG, Zahradka P. Growth State-Dependent Expression of Arachidonate Lipoxygenases in the Human Endothelial Cell Line EA.hy926. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162478. [PMID: 36010555 PMCID: PMC9406857 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells regulate vascular homeostasis through the secretion of various paracrine molecules, including bioactive lipids, but little is known regarding the enzymes responsible for generating these lipids under either physiological or pathophysiological conditions. Arachidonate lipoxygenase (ALOX) expression was therefore investigated in confluent and nonconfluent EA.h926 endothelial cells, which represent the normal quiescent and proliferative states, respectively. mRNAs for ALOX15, ALOX15B, and ALOXE3 were detected in EA.hy926 cells, with the highest levels present in confluent cells compared to nonconfluent cells. In contrast, ALOX5, ALOX12, and ALOX12B mRNAs were not detected. At the protein level, only ALOX15B and ALOXE3 were detected but only in confluent cells. ALOXE3 was also observed in confluent human umbilical artery endothelial cells (HUAEC), indicating that its expression, although previously unreported, may be a general feature of endothelial cells. Exposure to laminar flow further increased ALOXE3 levels in EA.hy926 cells and HUAECs. The evidence obtained in this study indicates that proliferative status and shear stress are both important factors that mediate endothelial ALOX gene expression. The presence of ALOX15B and ALOXE3 exclusively in quiescent human endothelial cells suggests their activity likely contributes to the maintenance of a healthy endothelium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad G. Sabbir
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
| | - Jeffrey T. Wigle
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Carla G. Taylor
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Peter Zahradka
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +204-235-3507; Fax: +204-237-4018
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Activation of GPR75 Signaling Pathway Contributes to the Effect of a 20-HETE Mimetic, 5,14-HEDGE, to Prevent Hypotensive and Tachycardic Responses to Lipopolysaccharide in a Rat Model of Septic Shock. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2022; 80:276-293. [PMID: 35323151 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The orphan receptor, G protein-coupled receptor (GPR) 75, which has been shown to mediate various effects of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE), is considered as a therapeutic target in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases in which changes in the production of 20-HETE play a key role in their pathogenesis. Our previous studies showed that 20-HETE mimetic, N -(20-hydroxyeicosa-5[Z],14[Z]-dienoyl)glycine (5,14-HEDGE), protects against vascular hyporeactivity, hypotension, tachycardia, and arterial inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rats. This study tested the hypothesis that the GPR75 signaling pathway mediates these effects of 5,14-HEDGE in response to systemic exposure to LPS. Mean arterial pressure reduced by 33 mm Hg, and heart rate increased by 102 beats/min at 4 hours following LPS injection. Coimmunoprecipitation studies demonstrated that (1) the dissociation of GPR75/Gα q/11 and GPR kinase interactor 1 (GIT1)/protein kinase C (PKC) α, the association of GPR75/GIT1, large conductance voltage and calcium-activated potassium subunit β (MaxiKβ)/PKCα, MaxiKβ/proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase (c-Src), and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/c-Src, MaxiKβ, and EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation were decreased, and (2) the association of GIT1/c-Src was increased in the arterial tissues of rats treated with LPS. The LPS-induced changes were prevented by 5,14-HEDGE. N -[20-Hydroxyeicosa-6( Z ),15( Z )-dienoyl]glycine, a 20-HETE antagonist, reversed the effects of 5,14-HEDGE in the arterial tissues of LPS-treated rats. Thus, similar to 20-HETE, by binding to GPR75 and activating the Gα q/11 /PKCα/MaxiKβ, GIT1/PKCα/MaxiKβ, GIT1/c-Src/MaxiKβ, and GIT1/c-Src/EGFR signaling pathways, 5,14-HEDGE may exert its protective effects against LPS-induced hypotension and tachycardia associated with vascular hyporeactivity and arterial inflammation.
Collapse
|
20
|
Jarne-Ferrer J, Griñán-Ferré C, Bellver-Sanchis A, Vázquez S, Muñoz-Torrero D, Pallàs M. A Combined Chronic Low-Dose Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase and Acetylcholinesterase Pharmacological Inhibition Promotes Memory Reinstatement in Alzheimer’s Disease Mice Models. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15080908. [PMID: 35893732 PMCID: PMC9394299 DOI: 10.3390/ph15080908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurological disorder with multifactorial and heterogeneous causes. AD involves several etiopathogenic mechanisms such as aberrant protein accumulation, neurotransmitter deficits, synaptic dysfunction and neuroinflammation, which lead to cognitive decline. Unfortunately, the currently available anti-AD drugs only alleviate the symptoms temporarily and provide a limited therapeutic effect. Thus, new therapeutic strategies, including multitarget approaches, are urgently needed. It has been demonstrated that a co-treatment of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor with other neuroprotective agents has beneficial effects on cognition. Here, we have assessed the neuroprotective effects of chronic dual treatment with a soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitor (TPPU) and an AChE inhibitor (6-chlorotacrine or rivastigmine) in in vivo studies. Interestingly, we have found beneficial effects after chronic low-dose co-treatment with TPPU and 6-chlorotacrine in the senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) mouse model as well as with TPPU and rivastigmine co-treatment in the 5XFAD mouse model, in comparison with the corresponding monotherapy treatments. In the SAMP8 model, no substantial improvements in synaptic plasticity markers were found, but the co-treatment of TPPU and 6-chlorotacrine led to a significantly reduced gene expression of neuroinflammatory markers, such as interleukin 6 (Il-6), triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell 2 (Trem2) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (Gfap). In 5XFAD mice, chronic low-dose co-treatment of TPPU and rivastigmine led to enhanced protein levels of synaptic plasticity markers, such as the phospho-cAMP response element-binding protein (p-CREB) ratio, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95), and also to a reduction in neuroinflammatory gene expression. Collectively, these results support the neuroprotectant role of chronic low-dose co-treatment strategy with sEH and AChE inhibitors in AD mouse models, opening new avenues for effective AD treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Jarne-Ferrer
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Institut de Neurociències-Universitat de Barcelona, Avenida Joan XXIII, 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.J.-F.); (C.G.-F.); (A.B.-S.)
| | - Christian Griñán-Ferré
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Institut de Neurociències-Universitat de Barcelona, Avenida Joan XXIII, 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.J.-F.); (C.G.-F.); (A.B.-S.)
| | - Aina Bellver-Sanchis
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Institut de Neurociències-Universitat de Barcelona, Avenida Joan XXIII, 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.J.-F.); (C.G.-F.); (A.B.-S.)
| | - Santiago Vázquez
- CSIC Associated Unit, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Avenida Joan XXIII, 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain; (S.V.); (D.M.-T.)
| | - Diego Muñoz-Torrero
- CSIC Associated Unit, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Avenida Joan XXIII, 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain; (S.V.); (D.M.-T.)
| | - Mercè Pallàs
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Institut de Neurociències-Universitat de Barcelona, Avenida Joan XXIII, 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.J.-F.); (C.G.-F.); (A.B.-S.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhu H, Duan Y, Qin K, Jin J, Liu X, Cai B. A UPLC-Q-TOF-MS-Based Metabolomics Approach to Screen out Active Components in Prepared Rhubarb for Its Activity on Noxious Heat Blood Stasis Syndrome. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:907831. [PMID: 35928255 PMCID: PMC9343851 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.907831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Prepared rhubarb was obtained by steaming raw rhubarb with wine. Different from raw rhubarb with a purgative effect, prepared rhubarb shows effects of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. However, the mechanisms of its action through regulating endogenous metabolites remain unclear. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore active chemical components in prepared rhubarb for its activity on noxious heat blood stasis syndrome (NHBS) by comprehensive metabolomics profiling. Study design: Plant extracts usually show their activities in a synergistic way; therefore, integrated omics was developed as a rational way for a better understanding of their biological effects and potential active compounds. Methods: The activities of prepared rhubarb were evaluated by biochemical and metabolomic analysis; meanwhile, serum chemical profiles were sought using UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS. Gray correlation analysis (GCA) was used for calculating the underlying correlations between them. Results: The metabolomics profiles of rat plasma from model and control groups were significantly different, with 31 endogenous metabolites changed by NHBS. Then, after the administration of prepared rhubarb, 18 of them were regulated. Multiple metabolic pathways were disturbed after NHBS modeling and restored by prepared rhubarb, among which had a greater impact on sphingolipid metabolism. A total of 28 compounds from prepared rhubarb absorbed into the plasma were identified, including nine prototypes and 19 metabolites. Statistical results suggested that rhein and its metabolites accounted for half of the top 10 active compounds in prepared rhubarb for its biomedical activities. Conclusion: This study presented evidence for the therapeutic effects and active chemicals of prepared rhubarb on NHBS in the way of metabolomics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Duan
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Kunming Qin
- Nanjing Haichang Chinese Medicine Group Corporation, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Haiyuan Prepared Slices of Chinese Crude Drugs Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Junjie Jin
- Nanjing Haichang Chinese Medicine Group Corporation, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Haiyuan Prepared Slices of Chinese Crude Drugs Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao Liu,
| | - Baochang Cai
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Haichang Chinese Medicine Group Corporation, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Haiyuan Prepared Slices of Chinese Crude Drugs Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Lansdell TA, Chambers LC, Dorrance AM. Endothelial Cells and the Cerebral Circulation. Compr Physiol 2022; 12:3449-3508. [PMID: 35766836 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c210015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cells form the innermost layer of all blood vessels and are the only vascular component that remains throughout all vascular segments. The cerebral vasculature has several unique properties not found in the peripheral circulation; this requires that the cerebral endothelium be considered as a unique entity. Cerebral endothelial cells perform several functions vital for brain health. The cerebral vasculature is responsible for protecting the brain from external threats carried in the blood. The endothelial cells are central to this requirement as they form the basis of the blood-brain barrier. The endothelium also regulates fibrinolysis, thrombosis, platelet activation, vascular permeability, metabolism, catabolism, inflammation, and white cell trafficking. Endothelial cells regulate the changes in vascular structure caused by angiogenesis and artery remodeling. Further, the endothelium contributes to vascular tone, allowing proper perfusion of the brain which has high energy demands and no energy stores. In this article, we discuss the basic anatomy and physiology of the cerebral endothelium. Where appropriate, we discuss the detrimental effects of high blood pressure on the cerebral endothelium and the contribution of cerebrovascular disease endothelial dysfunction and dementia. © 2022 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 12:3449-3508, 2022.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theresa A Lansdell
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Laura C Chambers
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Anne M Dorrance
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Effects of Arachidonic Acid and Its Metabolites on Functional Beta-Cell Mass. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12040342. [PMID: 35448529 PMCID: PMC9031745 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12040342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Arachidonic acid (AA) is a polyunsaturated 20-carbon fatty acid present in phospholipids in the plasma membrane. The three primary pathways by which AA is metabolized are mediated by cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, lipoxygenase (LOX) enzymes, and cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes. These three pathways produce eicosanoids, lipid signaling molecules that play roles in biological processes such as inflammation, pain, and immune function. Eicosanoids have been demonstrated to play a role in inflammatory, renal, and cardiovascular diseases as well type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Alterations in AA release or AA concentrations have been shown to affect insulin secretion from the pancreatic beta cell, leading to interest in the role of AA and its metabolites in the regulation of beta-cell function and maintenance of beta-cell mass. In this review, we discuss the metabolism of AA by COX, LOX, and CYP, the roles of these enzymes and their metabolites in beta-cell mass and function, and the possibility of targeting these pathways as novel therapies for treating diabetes.
Collapse
|
24
|
Codony S, Pont C, Griñán-Ferré C, Di Pede-Mattatelli A, Calvó-Tusell C, Feixas F, Osuna S, Jarné-Ferrer J, Naldi M, Bartolini M, Loza MI, Brea J, Pérez B, Bartra C, Sanfeliu C, Juárez-Jiménez J, Morisseau C, Hammock BD, Pallàs M, Vázquez S, Muñoz-Torrero D. Discovery and In Vivo Proof of Concept of a Highly Potent Dual Inhibitor of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase and Acetylcholinesterase for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. J Med Chem 2022; 65:4909-4925. [PMID: 35271276 PMCID: PMC8958510 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c02150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
With innumerable clinical failures of target-specific drug candidates for multifactorial diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), which remains inefficiently treated, the advent of multitarget drug discovery has brought a new breath of hope. Here, we disclose a class of 6-chlorotacrine (huprine)-TPPU hybrids as dual inhibitors of the enzymes soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), a multitarget profile to provide cumulative effects against neuroinflammation and memory impairment. Computational studies confirmed the gorge-wide occupancy of both enzymes, from the main site to a secondary site, including a so far non-described AChE cryptic pocket. The lead compound displayed in vitro dual nanomolar potencies, adequate brain permeability, aqueous solubility, human microsomal stability, lack of neurotoxicity, and it rescued memory, synaptic plasticity, and neuroinflammation in an AD mouse model, after low dose chronic oral administration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Codony
- Laboratory
of Medicinal Chemistry (CSIC Associated Unit), Faculty of Pharmacy
and Food Sciences, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona (UB), Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Caterina Pont
- Laboratory
of Medicinal Chemistry (CSIC Associated Unit), Faculty of Pharmacy
and Food Sciences, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona (UB), Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christian Griñán-Ferré
- Pharmacology
Section, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry,
Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ania Di Pede-Mattatelli
- Department
of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry,
Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Theoretical
and Computational Chemistry (IQTCUB), University
of Barcelona (UB), Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carla Calvó-Tusell
- CompBioLab
Group, Departament de Química and Institut de Química
Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC), Universitat de Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, E-17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Ferran Feixas
- CompBioLab
Group, Departament de Química and Institut de Química
Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC), Universitat de Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, E-17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Sílvia Osuna
- CompBioLab
Group, Departament de Química and Institut de Química
Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC), Universitat de Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, E-17003 Girona, Spain,Institució
Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), E-08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Júlia Jarné-Ferrer
- Pharmacology
Section, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry,
Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Naldi
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University
of Bologna, Via Belmeloro, 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Bartolini
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University
of Bologna, Via Belmeloro, 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - María Isabel Loza
- BioFarma
Research Group, Centro Singular de Investigación en Medicina
Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Av. de Barcelona s/n, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Brea
- BioFarma
Research Group, Centro Singular de Investigación en Medicina
Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Av. de Barcelona s/n, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Belén Pérez
- Department
of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Clara Bartra
- Institute
of Biomedical Research of Barcelona, CSIC and Institut d’Investigacions
Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Rosselló, 149, E-08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Coral Sanfeliu
- Institute
of Biomedical Research of Barcelona, CSIC and Institut d’Investigacions
Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Rosselló, 149, E-08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Juárez-Jiménez
- Department
of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry,
Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Theoretical
and Computational Chemistry (IQTCUB), University
of Barcelona (UB), Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department
of Entomology and Nematology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department
of Entomology and Nematology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Mercè Pallàs
- Pharmacology
Section, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry,
Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Santiago Vázquez
- Laboratory
of Medicinal Chemistry (CSIC Associated Unit), Faculty of Pharmacy
and Food Sciences, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona (UB), Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain,. Phone: (+34) 934024533
| | - Diego Muñoz-Torrero
- Laboratory
of Medicinal Chemistry (CSIC Associated Unit), Faculty of Pharmacy
and Food Sciences, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona (UB), Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain,. Phone: (+34) 934024533
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang T, Han Y, Li H, Fang Y, Liang P, Wang Y, Chen X, Qiu X, Gong J, Li W, Zhu T. Fine particulate matter and vasoactive 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid: Insights into the mechanisms of the prohypertensive effects of particulate air pollution. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:151298. [PMID: 34749965 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence suggests that biological intermediates play an important role in initiating fine particulate matter (PM2.5)-associated prohypertensive pathways, but sensitive biomarkers for this pathway are lacking. AIM To explore whether short-term exposure to PM2.5 is associated with the concentration of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE), a potent vasoactive lipid relevant to the pathophysiology of hypertension. METHODS In this longitudinal panel study, we repeatedly (up to seven times) measured the blood concentrations of 20-HETE in 120 adults living in Beijing, China. Ambient exposure metrics included the concentrations of hourly PM2.5 mass and daily PM2.5 constituents, including three carbonaceous components, eight water-soluble ions, and 16 trace elements. Linear mixed-effects models were used to examine the associations between the change in the 20-HETE concentration and short-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 metrics after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, behavioral exposure, socioeconomic characteristics, and meteorological factors. RESULTS The interquartile range (IQR) increase in the 7-15-hour-lag exposure to PM2.5 (80 μg/m3) was associated significantly with a 5.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.1-10.7%) to 6.5% (95% CI, 1.7-11.6%) increase in the blood concentration of 20-HETE. The magnitude of the association differed by age, sex, prediabetic status, obesity, and hypertensive status, with a significantly greater increase in 20-HETE observed among those with fasting plasma glucose concentrations ≥ 6.1 mmol/L. In addition to the PM2.5 mass, the 20-HETE concentration was associated consistently with IQR increases in the 1-day lag exposure to organic carbon (5.7%), black carbon (9.5%), nitrate (3.9%), chloride (2.9%), copper (5.5%), zinc (4.7%), barium (4.1%), and lead (6.2%). The organic carbon estimate was robust in the two-pollutant models. Furthermore, increased 20-HETE correlated with elevated blood pressure (BP), although no mediation of 20-HETE on PM2.5-associated BP change was found. CONCLUSIONS The 20-HETE blood concentration increased significantly in response to short-term exposure to ambient PM2.5, which may be partly responsible for the prohypertensive effects of PM2.5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teng Wang
- BIC-ESAT and SKL-ESPC, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiqun Han
- BIC-ESAT and SKL-ESPC, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China; Environmental Research Group, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Haonan Li
- BIC-ESAT and SKL-ESPC, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhua Fang
- BIC-ESAT and SKL-ESPC, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Pengfei Liang
- BIC-ESAT and SKL-ESPC, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanwen Wang
- BIC-ESAT and SKL-ESPC, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China; National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Chen
- BIC-ESAT and SKL-ESPC, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China; GRiC, Shenzhen Institute of Building Research Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinghua Qiu
- BIC-ESAT and SKL-ESPC, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jicheng Gong
- BIC-ESAT and SKL-ESPC, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Weiju Li
- Peking University Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Zhu
- BIC-ESAT and SKL-ESPC, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wang T, Han Y, Li H, Wang Y, Chen X, Chen W, Qiu X, Gong J, Li W, Zhu T. Proinflammatory lipid signals trigger the health effects of air pollution in individuals with prediabetes. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 290:118008. [PMID: 34479157 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Individuals with metabolic disorders exhibit enhanced susceptibility to the cardiovascular health effects of particulate air pollution, but the underlying mechanisms are not yet understood. We aim to assess whether changes in proinflammatory lipid signals are associated with fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure in individuals with and without prediabetes. A longitudinal panel study was conducted in Beijing, China, and included 120 participants followed up over 589 clinical visits from August 2013 to February 2015. We measured 12 lipids derived from arachidonic acid pathways in blood samples of the participants via targeted lipidomic analyses. Ambient PM2.5 concentrations were continuously monitored at a station for associations with the lipids. Among the 120 participants, 110 (mean [SD] age at recruitment, 56.5 [4.2] years; 31 prediabetics) who visited the clinic at least twice over the follow-up period were assigned exposure values of the outdoor residential PM2.5 concentrations during the 1-14 days preceding each clinical visit. With an interquartile range increase in the 1-day-lag PM2.5 exposure (64.0 μg/m3), the prediabetic group had consistently greater increases in the concentration of arachidonate metabolites derived from the cytochrome P450 (CYP450) pathway (5,6-DHET, 15.8% [95% CI, 3.5-29.7%]; 8,9-DHET, 9.7% [95% CI, 0.6-19.6%]; 11,12-DHET, 8.3% [95% CI, 1.9-15.1%]; 14,15-DHET, 7.4% [95% CI, 0.9-14.4%]; and 20-HETE, 8.9% [95% CI, 1.0-17.5%]), compared with the healthy group. Among CYP450-derived lipids, 14,15-DHET and 20-HETE significantly mediated 8% and 8% of the PM2.5-associated increase in white blood cells, 10% and 13% of that in neutrophils, and 20% and 23% of that in monocytes, respectively, in the prediabetic group. In conclusion, proinflammatory lipid signals from CYP450 pathways triggered the health effects of particulate air pollution in individuals with prediabetes, suggesting that targeting lipid metabolism has therapeutic potential to attenuate or prevent the cardiovascular effects of air pollution in susceptible populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teng Wang
- BIC-ESAT and SKL-ESPC, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiqun Han
- BIC-ESAT and SKL-ESPC, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China; Environmental Research Group, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Haonan Li
- BIC-ESAT and SKL-ESPC, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanwen Wang
- BIC-ESAT and SKL-ESPC, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China; National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Chen
- BIC-ESAT and SKL-ESPC, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China; GRiC, Shenzhen Institute of Building Research Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Wu Chen
- BIC-ESAT and SKL-ESPC, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinghua Qiu
- BIC-ESAT and SKL-ESPC, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jicheng Gong
- BIC-ESAT and SKL-ESPC, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Weiju Li
- Peking University Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Zhu
- BIC-ESAT and SKL-ESPC, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhou Y, Khan H, Xiao J, Cheang WS. Effects of Arachidonic Acid Metabolites on Cardiovascular Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12029. [PMID: 34769460 PMCID: PMC8584625 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222112029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Arachidonic acid (AA) is an essential fatty acid that is released by phospholipids in cell membranes and metabolized by cyclooxygenase (COX), cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, and lipid oxygenase (LOX) pathways to regulate complex cardiovascular function under physiological and pathological conditions. Various AA metabolites include prostaglandins, prostacyclin, thromboxanes, hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids, leukotrienes, lipoxins, and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids. The AA metabolites play important and differential roles in the modulation of vascular tone, and cardiovascular complications including atherosclerosis, hypertension, and myocardial infarction upon actions to different receptors and vascular beds. This article reviews the roles of AA metabolism in cardiovascular health and disease as well as their potential therapeutic implication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, China;
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan;
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain;
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Wai San Cheang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, China;
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ćurić ŽB, Masle AM, Kibel A, Selthofer-Relatić K, Stupin A, Mihaljević Z, Jukić I, Stupin M, Matić A, Kozina N, Šušnjara P, Juranić B, Kolobarić N, Šerić V, Drenjančević I. Effects of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid-Enriched Hen Egg Consumption on the Inflammatory Biomarkers and Microvascular Function in Patients with Acute and Chronic Coronary Syndrome—A Randomized Study. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10080774. [PMID: 34440006 PMCID: PMC8389665 DOI: 10.3390/biology10080774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary There is a strong potential of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) consumption to reduce cardiovascular risk and prevent adverse outcomes in existing cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to test the effect of n-3 PUFA supplementation in the form of enriched hen eggs on serum lipid and free fatty acid profiles, inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers, and microvascular reactivity in patients with acute and chronic coronary artery disease. Consumption of three n-3 PUFA-enriched hen eggs for three weeks had a favorable effect on serum free fatty acid profile (a lower n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio) and mild anti-inflammatory effects but did not significantly affect microvascular reactivity in patients with coronary artery disease. Because consumption of both regular and n-3 PUFA eggs had no negative effects on any of the measured biological and functional vascular parameters, the results of the present study indicate that eggs can be safely consumed in the daily diet of patients with coronary artery disease. Abstract This study aimed to test the effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-enriched hen egg consumption on serum lipid and free fatty acid profiles, inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers, and microvascular reactivity in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Forty CAD patients participated in this study. Of those, 20 patients had acute CAD (Ac-CAD), and 20 patients had chronic CAD (Ch-CAD). The control group (N = 20) consumed three regular hen eggs/daily (249 mg n-3 PUFAs/day), and the n-3 PUFAs group (N = 20) consumed three n-3 PUFA-enriched hen eggs/daily (1053 g n-3 PUFAs/day) for 3 weeks. Serum n-3 PUFA concentration significantly increased (in all CAD patients), while LDL cholesterol and IL-6 (in Ac-CAD patients), and hsCRP and IL-1a (in all CAD patients) significantly decreased in the n-3 PUFAs group. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity significantly decreased, and forearm skin microvascular reactivity in response to vascular occlusion (postocclusive reactive hyperemia (PORH)) remained unchanged in both the n-3 PUFAs and control groups in total CAD, Ac-CAD, and Ch-CAD patients. Potentially, n-3 PUFA-enriched hen eggs can change the free fatty acid profile to a more favorable lower n6/n3 ratio, and to exhibit mild anti-inflammatory effects but not to affect microvascular reactivity in CAD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Željka Breškić Ćurić
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (A.M.M.); (A.K.); (K.S.-R.); (Z.M.); (I.J.); (M.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (P.Š.); (B.J.); (N.K.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital Vinkovci, HR-32100 Vinkovci, Croatia
| | - Ana Marija Masle
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (A.M.M.); (A.K.); (K.S.-R.); (Z.M.); (I.J.); (M.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (P.Š.); (B.J.); (N.K.)
- Department of Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Osijek University Hospital, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Aleksandar Kibel
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (A.M.M.); (A.K.); (K.S.-R.); (Z.M.); (I.J.); (M.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (P.Š.); (B.J.); (N.K.)
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Department for Cardiovascular Disease, Osijek University Hospital, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Kristina Selthofer-Relatić
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (A.M.M.); (A.K.); (K.S.-R.); (Z.M.); (I.J.); (M.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (P.Š.); (B.J.); (N.K.)
- Department for Cardiovascular Disease, Osijek University Hospital, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ana Stupin
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (A.M.M.); (A.K.); (K.S.-R.); (Z.M.); (I.J.); (M.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (P.Š.); (B.J.); (N.K.)
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Pathophysiology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (I.D.)
| | - Zrinka Mihaljević
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (A.M.M.); (A.K.); (K.S.-R.); (Z.M.); (I.J.); (M.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (P.Š.); (B.J.); (N.K.)
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ivana Jukić
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (A.M.M.); (A.K.); (K.S.-R.); (Z.M.); (I.J.); (M.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (P.Š.); (B.J.); (N.K.)
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marko Stupin
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (A.M.M.); (A.K.); (K.S.-R.); (Z.M.); (I.J.); (M.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (P.Š.); (B.J.); (N.K.)
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Department for Cardiovascular Disease, Osijek University Hospital, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Anita Matić
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (A.M.M.); (A.K.); (K.S.-R.); (Z.M.); (I.J.); (M.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (P.Š.); (B.J.); (N.K.)
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Nataša Kozina
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (A.M.M.); (A.K.); (K.S.-R.); (Z.M.); (I.J.); (M.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (P.Š.); (B.J.); (N.K.)
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Petar Šušnjara
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (A.M.M.); (A.K.); (K.S.-R.); (Z.M.); (I.J.); (M.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (P.Š.); (B.J.); (N.K.)
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Brankica Juranić
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (A.M.M.); (A.K.); (K.S.-R.); (Z.M.); (I.J.); (M.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (P.Š.); (B.J.); (N.K.)
- Department for Cardiovascular Disease, Osijek University Hospital, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Nursing and Palliative Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Nikolina Kolobarić
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (A.M.M.); (A.K.); (K.S.-R.); (Z.M.); (I.J.); (M.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (P.Š.); (B.J.); (N.K.)
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Vatroslav Šerić
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Osijek University Hospital, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia;
| | - Ines Drenjančević
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (A.M.M.); (A.K.); (K.S.-R.); (Z.M.); (I.J.); (M.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (P.Š.); (B.J.); (N.K.)
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (I.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Novelty of Sphingolipids in the Central Nervous System Physiology and Disease: Focusing on the Sphingolipid Hypothesis of Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147353. [PMID: 34298977 PMCID: PMC8303517 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
For decades, lipids were confined to the field of structural biology and energetics as they were considered only structural constituents of cellular membranes and efficient sources of energy production. However, with advances in our understanding in lipidomics and improvements in the technological approaches, astounding discoveries have been made in exploring the role of lipids as signaling molecules, termed bioactive lipids. Among these bioactive lipids, sphingolipids have emerged as distinctive mediators of various cellular processes, ranging from cell growth and proliferation to cellular apoptosis, executing immune responses to regulating inflammation. Recent studies have made it clear that sphingolipids, their metabolic intermediates (ceramide, sphingosine-1-phosphate, and N-acetyl sphingosine), and enzyme systems (cyclooxygenases, sphingosine kinases, and sphingomyelinase) harbor diverse yet interconnected signaling pathways in the central nervous system (CNS), orchestrate CNS physiological processes, and participate in a plethora of neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disorders. Considering the unequivocal importance of sphingolipids in CNS, we review the recent discoveries detailing the major enzymes involved in sphingolipid metabolism (particularly sphingosine kinase 1), novel metabolic intermediates (N-acetyl sphingosine), and their complex interactions in CNS physiology, disruption of their functionality in neurodegenerative disorders, and therapeutic strategies targeting sphingolipids for improved drug approaches.
Collapse
|
30
|
Matjuda EN, Engwa GA, Sewani-Rusike CR, Nkeh-Chungag BN. An Overview of Vascular Dysfunction and Determinants: The Case of Children of African Ancestry. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:769589. [PMID: 34956981 PMCID: PMC8709476 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.769589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The balance between dilatory and constrictive factors is important as it keeps blood vessels in a homeostatic state. However, altered physiological processes as a result of obesity, hypertension, oxidative stress, and other cardiovascular risk factors may lead to vascular damage, causing an imbalance of vasoactive factors. Over time, the sustained imbalance of these vasoactive factors may lead to vascular dysfunction, which can be assessed by non-invasive methods, such as flow-mediated dilation, pulse wave velocity, flow-mediated slowing, retinal vessel analysis, peripheral vascular reactivity, and carotid intima-media thickness assessment. Although there is increasing prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors (obesity and hypertension) in children in sub-Saharan Africa, little is known about how this may affect vascular function. This review focuses on vasoactive factors implicated in vascular (dys)function, highlighting the determinants and consequences of vascular dysfunction. It further describes the non-invasive methods used for vascular (dys)function assessments and, last, describes the impact of cardiovascular risk factors on vascular dysfunction in children of African ancestry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edna N Matjuda
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University PBX1, Mthatha, South Africa
| | - Godwill Azeh Engwa
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Walter Sisulu University PBX1, Mthatha, South Africa
| | - Constance R Sewani-Rusike
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University PBX1, Mthatha, South Africa
| | - Benedicta N Nkeh-Chungag
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Walter Sisulu University PBX1, Mthatha, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|