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Kouketsu A, Matsui K, Kawai T, Ezoe Y, Takahashi T, Kamakura S. Teriparatide with octacalcium phosphate collagen composite stimulates osteogenic factors. Tissue Eng Part A 2021; 28:125-135. [PMID: 34278819 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2021.0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Octacalcium phosphate and collagen composite (OCPcol) promotes osteogenic differentiation and angiogenesis, thereby enhancing bone regeneration. Although a newly developed freeze-dried composite of OCPcol and teriparatide (OCPcolTPTD) reinforced bone regeneration more than OCPcol, the mechanism of bone regeneration remains unresolved. Here, disks containing OCPcolTPTD, OCPcol, or β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) col were inserted into rodents with calvarial bone defects, before euthanasia 4 weeks later. Immunohistochemical and histochemical analyses were performed on bone samples to evaluate bone matrix development, angiogenesis, and osteoclast and osteoblast localization. In the OCPcolTPTD and OCPcol groups, bone regeneration was observed at the surface of calvarial dura mater and around acidophilic granular cells with abundant collagenous fiber-containing cells. Furthermore, the newly formed bone in the OCPcolTPTD group showed a larger total area and individual separated area than the other groups. Various osteogenic proteins were detected in the regenerated bone and peri-bone tissues via histochemistry and immunohistochemistry. Although the expression of several osteogenic biomarkers in the OCPcolTPTD group after 4 weeks of implantation was significantly lower than that in the OCPcol group, new bone formation by OCPcolTPTD in the center of the defect, where bone regeneration is difficult, tended to be superior to that by OCPcol. These results suggest that OCPcolTPTD enhanced bone regeneration more evenly and homogenously than OCPcol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsumu Kouketsu
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry School of Dentistry, 89292, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral Medicine and Surgery, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan, 980-8575;
| | - Keiko Matsui
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan;
| | | | - Yushi Ezoe
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sendai, Japan;
| | - Tetsu Takahashi
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan, 980-8575;
| | - Shinji Kamakura
- Tohoku University, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, 2-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan, 980-8574.,Japan;
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2
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Wound healing effect of autologous fibrin glue and polyglycolic acid sheets in a rat back skin defect model. Transfus Apher Sci 2021; 60:103144. [PMID: 33893027 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2021.103144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Fibrin glue from autologous plasma may prevent viral infection and allergic reaction. Moreover, this biomaterial contains growth factors such as TGF-β and VEGF that promote reconstruction of the mucous membrane by stimulating fibroblast proliferation and angiogenesis. Thus, autologous fibrin glue is predicted to improve healing better than commercial fibrin glue. Here, we evaluated the effects of autologous fibrin glue on the crucial early phase of wound healing. Epithelial defects were introduced in rats and covered with polyglycolic acid (PGA) sheets with or without commercial or autologous fibrin glue. Wound healing was assessed for six weeks by histology and immunohistochemistry. Our results demonstrate that wounds covered with PGA sheets and autologous fibrin glue achieved efficient wound healing without complications such as local infection or incomplete healing. The rate of recovery of the regenerating epithelium in this group was superior to that in wounds covered with PGA sheets and commercial fibrin glue. Immunohistochemistry of laminin, cytokeratin, and VEGF confirmed fine and rapid epithelial neogenesis. Collectively, our results indicate that covering surgical wounds with autologous fibrin glue promotes wound healing and epithelialization, improves safety, and reduces the risks of viral infection and allergic reaction associated with conventional techniques.
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3
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Kotsiou OS, Gourgoulianis KI, Zarogiannis SG. The role of nitric oxide in pleural disease. Respir Med 2021; 179:106350. [PMID: 33662805 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2021.106350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) regulates various physiological and pathophysiological functions in the lungs. However, there is much less information about the effects of NO in the pleura. The present review aimed to explore the available evidence regarding the role of NO in pleural disease. NO, has a double-edged role in the pleural cavity. It is an essential signaling molecule mediating various physiological cell functions such as lymphatic drainage of the serous cavities, the immune response to intracellular multiplication of pathogens, and downregulation of neutrophil migration, but also induces genocytotoxic and mutagenic effects when present in excess. NO is implicated in the pathogenesis of asbestos-related or exudative pleural disease and mesothelioma. From a clinical point of view, the fraction of exhaled NO has been suggested as a potential non-invasive tool for the diagnosis of benign asbestos-related disorders. Under experimental conditions, NO-mimetics were found to attenuate hypoxia-induced therapy resistance in mesothelioma. Similarly, hybrid agents consisting of an NO donor coupled with a parent anti-inflammatory drug showed an enhancement of the anti-inflammatory activity of anti-inflammatory drugs. However, given the paucity of research work performed over the last years in this area, further research should be undertaken to establish reliable conclusions with respect to the feasibility of determining or targeting the NO signaling pathway for pleural disease diagnosis and therapeutic management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ourania S Kotsiou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41110, Larissa, Greece; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41500, Larissa, Greece.
| | - Konstantinos I Gourgoulianis
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41110, Larissa, Greece
| | - Sotirios G Zarogiannis
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41500, Larissa, Greece
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4
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Marques GR, Rocha LF, Vargas THM, Pulz LH, Huete GC, Cadrobbi KG, Pires CG, Sanches DS, Mota EFF, Strefezzi RF. Relationship of Galectin-3 Expression in Canine Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinomas with Histopathological Grading and Proliferation Indices. J Comp Pathol 2020; 178:16-21. [PMID: 32800103 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2020.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a frequent malignant neoplasm of the skin that usually arises from areas of solar dermatosis. It is characterized by local invasiveness and regional lymph node metastasis, mainly in poorly differentiated tumours. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a lectin that is expressed in the nucleus or cytoplasm and has been identified as a prognostic tool for human neoplasms. The purpose of this study was to characterize Gal-3 expression in canine cutaneous SCCs and to investigate its relationship with tumour differentiation and cell proliferation indices. Immunohistochemical analysis of 50 SCCs for Gal-3 revealed no correlation between the localization or intensity of immunolabelling, or number of immunopositive cells, with histological grade of tumour or proliferative activity. The results suggest that Gal-3 expression is not a reliable prognostic marker for cutaneous SCC in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- G R Marques
- Laboratório de Oncologia Comparada e Translacional, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - L F Rocha
- Laboratório de Oncologia Comparada e Translacional, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - T H M Vargas
- Laboratório de Oncologia Comparada e Translacional, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - L H Pulz
- Laboratório de Oncologia Comparada e Translacional, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil; Centro Universitário da Fundação de Ensino Octávio Bastos, São João da Boa Vista, Brazil
| | - G C Huete
- Laboratório de Oncologia Comparada e Translacional, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil; PROVET Veterinária Diagnóstica, Brazil
| | - K G Cadrobbi
- Laboratório de Oncologia Comparada e Translacional, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil; PROVET Veterinária Diagnóstica, Brazil
| | - C G Pires
- Centro Veterinário de Anatomia Patológica - CVAP, Brazil
| | - D S Sanches
- Centro Veterinário de Anatomia Patológica - CVAP, Brazil
| | - E F F Mota
- Histopet Patologia Veterinária, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R F Strefezzi
- Laboratório de Oncologia Comparada e Translacional, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil.
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5
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Bello IO, Alrabeeah MA, AlFouzan NF, Alabdulaali NA, Nieminen P. FAK, paxillin, and PI3K in ameloblastoma and adenomatoid odontogenic tumor. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 25:1559-1567. [PMID: 32681423 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03465-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Integrins function to bind cells to extracellular matrix in tissues, which triggers downstream signaling cascades that are important in cell survival, proliferation, cytokine activation, and cytoskeleton reorganization. These processes also play significant roles in neoplasms. This work aimed to investigate the pattern of expression of FAK, paxillin, and PI3K in ameloblastoma and adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT). MATERIALS AND METHODS Immunohistochemistry was used to study FAK, paxillin, and PI3K in 45 ameloblastomas (32 conventional, 12 unicystic, and 1 peripheral types), 7 AOTs, and two developing human teeth. RESULTS Weak expression of FAK was seen in all AOT cases, while ameloblastoma had varying expression patterns, mostly strong to weak. The pattern of expression of paxillin and PI3K was relatively similar in both tumor types. In the dental germ, FAK and paxillin stained all the enamel organ components, while PI3K stained strongly the inner enamel epithelium. Stromal expression of FAK was not found to be useful in differentiating between tumors or tumor classes. CONCLUSION The expression of the proteins in the enamel organ suggests that their signaling may be important in odontogenesis. While some ameloblastomas strongly expressed FAK, all cases of AOT had weak signals suggesting low presence and phosphorylating activity of FAK in the latter. CLINICAL RELEVANCE A subset of FAK-positive ameloblastoma (as well as their malignant or metastasizing counterparts) which may have relatively aggressive behavior may be candidates for drug targeting of FAK as an additional management option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim O Bello
- Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11545, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | | | | | | | - Pentti Nieminen
- Medical Informatics and Statistics Research Group, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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6
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Nowak AK, Brosseau S, Cook A, Zalcman G. Antiangiogeneic Strategies in Mesothelioma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:126. [PMID: 32133285 PMCID: PMC7040194 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a strong rationale for inhibiting angiogenesis in mesothelioma. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an autocrine growth factor in mesothelioma and a potent mitogen for mesothelial cells. Further, the abnormal tumor vasculature promotes raised interstitial pressure and hypoxia, which may be detrimental to both penetration and efficacy of anticancer agents. Antiangiogenic agents have been trialed in mesothelioma for close to two decades, with early phase clinical trials testing vascular targeting agents, the VEGF-A targeting monoclonal antibody bevacizumab, and numerous tyrosine kinase inhibitors, many with multiple targets. None of these have shown efficacy which has warranted further development as single agents in any line of therapy. Whilst a randomized phase II trial combining the multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor nintedanib with platinum/pemetrexed chemotherapy was positive, these results were not confirmed in a subsequent phase III study. The combination of cisplatin and pemetrexed with bevacizumab, in appropriately selected patients, remains the only anti-angiogenic combination showing efficacy in mesothelioma. Extensive efforts to identify biomarkers of response have not yet been successful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K Nowak
- National Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.,Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.,Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Solenn Brosseau
- Thoracic Oncology Department & CIC1425-CLIP2 Early Phase Cancer Clinical Trials Unit, University Hospital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Medical Faculty, University Paris-Diderot, Paris, France.,U830 INSERM "Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity", Institute Curie Research Centre, Paris, France
| | - Alistair Cook
- National Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.,Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.,Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Gérard Zalcman
- Thoracic Oncology Department & CIC1425-CLIP2 Early Phase Cancer Clinical Trials Unit, University Hospital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Medical Faculty, University Paris-Diderot, Paris, France.,U830 INSERM "Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity", Institute Curie Research Centre, Paris, France
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7
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Vargas THM, Pulz LH, Ferro DG, Sobral RA, Venturini MAFA, Corrêa HL, Strefezzi RF. Galectin-3 Expression Correlates with Post-surgical Survival in Canine Oral Melanomas. J Comp Pathol 2019; 173:49-57. [PMID: 31812173 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2019.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Malignant melanomas (MMs) represent 7% of all malignant neoplasms in dogs. Oral melanocytic neoplasms are often malignant and associated with poor prognosis. There are no universally accepted prognostic markers for canine oral melanoma. Galectin (Gal)-3 is a prognostic marker for human neoplasms such as thyroid, gastric, colorectal and prostate cancers. The protein is related to processes that favour cancer progression, such as angiogenesis, proliferation and apoptosis. The aim of the present study was to characterize the immunohistochemical expression of Gal-3 in canine oral melanomas and to compare it with post-surgical survival, the expression of apoptosis-related proteins and other known prognostic tools. Twenty-seven samples of canine oral melanomas were evaluated for Gal-3, B-cell lymphoma (BCL) 2, caspase (CASP) 3 and Ki67 expression, mitotic index and degree of nuclear atypia. Gal-3 cytoplasmic positivity was correlated positively, while nuclear positivity was correlated negatively, with survival. The intensity of BCL2 labelling was also correlated positively with Gal-3 cytoplasmic positivity. Higher nuclear atypia was observed in dogs with melanoma that died due to the tumour, as well as in dogs that survived for <1 year after surgery. We have confirmed the importance of nuclear atypia for MMs and suggest that Gal-3 is a valuable prognostic indicator for this neoplasm. More in-depth studies are needed to unveil Gal-3 functions in canine MMs using larger sample sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H M Vargas
- Laboratório de Oncologia Comparada e Translacional, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L H Pulz
- Laboratório de Oncologia Comparada e Translacional, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil; Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - D G Ferro
- Odontovet - Centro Odontológico Veterinário, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R A Sobral
- Onco Cane Veterinária, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - H L Corrêa
- Odontovet - Centro Odontológico Veterinário, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R F Strefezzi
- Laboratório de Oncologia Comparada e Translacional, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil.
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8
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Kouketsu A, Matsui K, Kawai T, Ezoe Y, Yanagisawa T, Yasuda A, Takahashi T, Kamakura S. Octacalcium phosphate collagen composite stimulates the expression and activity of osteogenic factors to promote bone regeneration. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 14:99-107. [PMID: 31721475 PMCID: PMC7027853 DOI: 10.1002/term.2969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Objective This study investigated the bone regenerative properties of an octacalcium phosphate collagen composite (OCP/Col) in a rat calvarial bone defect model. Design An OCP/Col or β‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP)/Col disk was implanted into the critical‐sized calvarial defects and fixed 2 or 4 weeks later. The radiopacity of defects was examined after disk implantation by the radiographic examination and micro‐computed tomography (μ‐CT). Immunohistochemical and histochemical analyses were carried out to assess the bone matrix maturation, neovascularization, and osteoclast and osteoblast distribution in the neonatal bone. Results Radiographic and μ‐CT examination of the area of implanted OCP/Col indicated the newly formed bone and no difference from those of the original bone. Osteopontin, osteocalcin, Runt‐related transcription factor 2, type 1 collagen, vascular endothelial growth factor, and alkaline phosphatase or tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase in the newly formed calvarial bone and the surrounding connective tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry and histochemistry. Biomarker expression was not significantly elevated at the defect site; the area of which was calculated by dividing the distance from the healthy bone margin or calvarium and dura mater surface. There was no difference in the expression of these biomarkers in the OCP/Col group at 2 and 4 weeks after surgery. In addition, the expression levels of all markers were higher in the OCP/Col group than in the β‐TCP/Col group at 2 and 4 weeks after surgery. Conclusions The OCP/Col as a bone regeneration material not only exhibits osteoconductive activity that is dependent on residual healthy bone tissue, but also has osteoinductive capacity, which promotes angiogenesis and osteogenic cell invasion from host tissue into the bone defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsumu Kouketsu
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral Medicine and Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan.,Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Medicine of Sensory and Motor Organs, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Kiyotake, Japan
| | - Keiko Matsui
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral Medicine and Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kawai
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral Medicine and Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan.,Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery, School of Dentistry, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Yushi Ezoe
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral Medicine and Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Toshiki Yanagisawa
- Bone Regenerative Engineering Laboratory, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba-Ku, Japan
| | - Ayato Yasuda
- Bone Regenerative Engineering Laboratory, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba-Ku, Japan
| | - Tetsu Takahashi
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral Medicine and Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shinji Kamakura
- Bone Regenerative Engineering Laboratory, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba-Ku, Japan
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Anand R, Sarode SC, Sarode GS, Rajpurohit LS, Patil S. Yes-associated protein (YAP) molecule expression in odontogenic epithelium of ameloblastoma. Clin Oral Investig 2018; 23:2389-2394. [PMID: 30302608 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2693-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES YAP (Yes-associated protein molecule) augments multiple processes known to be important for tumor progression and metastasis. Hence, the application of YAP as a targeted therapy for several malignancies has been documented in the literature. Ameloblastoma being a locally invasive odontogenic lesion causes tissue destruction and presents with a great chance of recurrence. Based on these qualities, we hypothesized that YAP could exhibit increased expression in the odontogenic epithelium of ameloblastoma. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of YAP in ameloblastoma and compare the immunoreactivity of YAP in ameloblastoma and dental follicle. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of ameloblastoma and dental follicle each were retrieved from the departmental archives. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was performed employing YAP antibody on 5-μm thick sections. The expression of YAP was reviewed on the peripheral lining of ameloblast-like cells and centrally placed stellate reticulum-like cells and was further graded as negative, weak, or strong. For data analysis, Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were applied. RESULTS In ameloblastoma, peripheral/basal cells exhibited strong expression for YAP in 12/24 cases and weak expression in the other 12 cases. Whereas, 20 cases of dental follicle presented negative expression and only four cases exhibited weak expression (p < 0.001). On statistical analysis, the differences in expression of YAP in stellate cells of ameloblastoma and dental follicle were found to be significant (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION YAP expression was strongly seen in ameloblastoma as compared to the epithelial islands of dental follicle. The neoplastic nature of ameloblastoma could be attributed to YAP molecule and it may play a possible role in tumor invasiveness. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Positive YAP expression in ameloblastoma and negative expression in the odontogenic epithelial islands of dental follicle insinuate that YAP could be responsible for the aggressiveness and local tissue invasion commonly encountered with ameloblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Anand
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Sant-Tukaram Nagar, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, 18, India.
| | - Sachin C Sarode
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Sant-Tukaram Nagar, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, 18, India
| | - Gargi S Sarode
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Sant-Tukaram Nagar, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, 18, India
| | - Ladu Singh Rajpurohit
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Sant-Tukaram Nagar, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, 18, India
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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10
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Alampally H, Chandrashekar C, Rodrigues G, Carnelio S. Fascin in tooth germs: an immunohistochemical analysis. J Histotechnol 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/01478885.2017.1404286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Harishanker Alampally
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Chethana Chandrashekar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Gabriel Rodrigues
- Department of General Surgery, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Sunitha Carnelio
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, India
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11
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Barra CN, Macedo BM, Cadrobbi KG, Pulz LH, Huete GC, Kleeb SR, Xavier JG, Catão-Dias JL, Nishiya AT, Fukumasu H, Strefezzi RF. Apoptotic intrinsic pathway proteins predict survival in canine cutaneous mast cell tumours. Vet Comp Oncol 2017; 16:E38-E44. [DOI: 10.1111/vco.12330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C. N. Barra
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia; Universidade de São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
- Laboratório de Oncologia Comparada e Translacional, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos; Universidade de São Paulo; Pirassununga Brazil
| | - B. M. Macedo
- Laboratório de Oncologia Comparada e Translacional, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos; Universidade de São Paulo; Pirassununga Brazil
| | - K. G. Cadrobbi
- Laboratório de Oncologia Comparada e Translacional, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos; Universidade de São Paulo; Pirassununga Brazil
| | - L. H. Pulz
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia; Universidade de São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
- Laboratório de Oncologia Comparada e Translacional, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos; Universidade de São Paulo; Pirassununga Brazil
| | - G. C. Huete
- Laboratório de Oncologia Comparada e Translacional, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos; Universidade de São Paulo; Pirassununga Brazil
| | - S. R. Kleeb
- Universidade Metodista de São Paulo; São Bernardo do Campo Brazil
| | | | - J. L. Catão-Dias
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia; Universidade de São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - H. Fukumasu
- Laboratório de Oncologia Comparada e Translacional, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos; Universidade de São Paulo; Pirassununga Brazil
| | - R. F. Strefezzi
- Laboratório de Oncologia Comparada e Translacional, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos; Universidade de São Paulo; Pirassununga Brazil
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Patil S, Sarode GS, Sarode SC, Anand R, Patil S. Focal Adhesion Kinase Expression in Ameloblastoma: A Preliminary Observational Study. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:ZC47-ZC50. [PMID: 28764292 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/28895.10064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) is a membrane-associated molecule, which plays a major role in tumourigenesis by promoting cell survival, proliferation, migration, and invasion. Hence, FAK is a well known molecule that has been targeted therapeutically for the treatment of various malignancies. Ameloblastoma (AB) is a locally invasive, destructive and recurrent benign odontogenic lesion. Based on these properties, we have hypothesized that odontogenic epithelium of AB could show increased expression of FAK. AIM To study the expression of FAK in odontogenic epithelium of AB using immunohistochemistry. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty four paraffin embedded AB and 17 Dental Follicle (DF) tissues were retrieved from archives. Immunohistochemical staining was performed using FAK antibody on 5 μm thick formalin fixed paraffin embedded sections. The expression of FAK was studied in ameloblast like cells and stellate reticulum-like cells and was graded as negative, weak and strong. The data was analysed using chi-square test and Fisher's-exact test. RESULTS In AB, both ameloblast like and stellate reticulum like cells showed positive expression of FAK in the cytoplasm in all the cases (34). The epithelial islands from all the DFs (17) were negative for FAK expression. The difference in the expression of FAK in ameloblast like and stellate reticulum like cells was statistically significant (p<0.0001). Statistically significant difference was observed in the expression of FAK in stellate reticulum like cells of AB and odontogenic epithelial islands of DF (p = 0.0017). All the AB cases showed strong expression of FAK in ameloblast like cells and negative expression was seen in all the cases of DF. CONCLUSION FAK was strongly expressed in AB as compared to epithelial islands of DF. FAK could be responsible for the neoplastic nature of AB and possibly play a role in tumour invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehal Patil
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Sant-Tukaram Nagar, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Gargi Sachin Sarode
- Associate Professor, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Sant-Tukaram Nagar, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sachin C Sarode
- Professor, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Sant-Tukaram Nagar, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rahul Anand
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Sant-Tukaram Nagar, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Levin PA, Dowell JE. Spotlight on bevacizumab and its potential in the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma: the evidence to date. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:2057-2066. [PMID: 28435296 PMCID: PMC5391166 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s113598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare, but aggressive cancer. Surgery and radiation offer limited benefit, and systemic chemotherapy remains the primary treatment modality for the majority of patients. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor have been recognized as important players in the biology of this disease. Bevacizumab is a monoclonal antibody that binds VEGF and blocks its interaction with the VEGF receptor. Recent studies have shown benefit with the addition of bevacizumab to the combination of cisplatin and pemetrexed in MPM. This combination is now included in the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines (with a category 2A recommendation) as a possible first-line treatment for unresectable MPM in appropriately selected patients. This review discusses the rationale behind the use of bevacizumab in MPM, as well as summarizes the pharmacology, efficacy, safety, and toxicity of bevacizumab across multiple trials. The use of small-molecule inhibitors of angiogenesis in the treatment of MPM is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel A Levin
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
| | - Jonathan E Dowell
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center.,Section of Hematology/Oncology, Veteran Affairs North Texas Health Care System, Dallas, TX, USA
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Sarode G, Sarode SC, Deshmukh R, Raktade P, Patil S. Myofibroblasts could be recruited in a chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2-dependent manner in pathogenesis of oral submucous fibrosis. J Oral Pathol Med 2017; 46:443-447. [DOI: 10.1111/jop.12543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gargi Sarode
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology; Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital; Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth; Pune Maharashtra India
| | - Sachin C. Sarode
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology; Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital; Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth; Pune Maharashtra India
| | - Revati Deshmukh
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology; Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital; Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth; Pune Maharashtra India
| | - Prashant Raktade
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Pandit Deendayal Upadhay Dental College and Hospital; Solapur Maharashtra India
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences; Division of Oral Pathology; College of Dentistry; Jazan University; Jazan Saudi Arabia
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Sarode SC, Sarode GS, Choudhary S, Patil S. FAK is overexpressed in keratocystic odontogenic tumor: a preliminary study. J Oral Pathol Med 2017; 46:611-617. [DOI: 10.1111/jop.12532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sachin C Sarode
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology; Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth; Pune India
| | - Gargi S Sarode
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology; Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth; Pune India
| | - Shakira Choudhary
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology; Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth; Pune India
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences; Division of Oral Pathology; College of Dentistry; Jazan University; Jazan Saudi Arabia
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Sarode SC, Sarode GS, Chuodhari S, Patil S. Non-cannibalistic tumor cells of oral squamous cell carcinoma can express phagocytic markers. J Oral Pathol Med 2016; 46:327-331. [DOI: 10.1111/jop.12500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sachin C. Sarode
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology; Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital; Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth; Pimpri Pune Maharashtra India
| | - Gargi S. Sarode
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology; Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital; Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth; Pimpri Pune Maharashtra India
| | - Shakira Chuodhari
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology; Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital; Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth; Pimpri Pune Maharashtra India
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences; Division of Oral Pathology; College of Dentistry; Jazan University; Jazan Saudi Arabia
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Sarode SC, Sarode GS, Kulkarni M, Patil S. Endocytosis of keratinocytes in oral squamous cell carcinoma. TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH IN ORAL ONCOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/2057178x15618551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To quantify endocytosis of keratinocytes (EK) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and correlate it with different clinical and histopathological parameters. Further, the expression of cluster of differentiation 68 (CD68) and lysozyme was studied in tumor cells to corroborate this phenomenon. Materials and method: EK per high-power field (HPF) was calculated on hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections and correlated with clinical and histopathological parameters. CD68 and lysozyme were studied in tumor cells using immunohistochemistry. Results: The mean EK per HPF was higher in stage IV (4.450 ± 2.241) than stage III (3.333 ± 1.543) OSCC ( p = 0.1978). Although there were more EK in N2 stage (4.362 ± 0.3405) as compared to N0–N1 (3.462 ± 0.4178), the results were statistically insignificant. Statistically significant difference in mean EK was observed in all the grades of OSCC: well versus moderate ( p = 0.0052), moderate versus poor ( p < 0.0001), and well versus poor ( p = 0.0001). There were significant differences in the mean EK ( p < 0.05) between different grades of stromal degenerations (mild: 2.654 ± 1.093, moderate: 5.115 ± 1.774, and severe: 7.250 ± 2.217). Statistically significant differences were observed in CD68 expression in tumor cells of various TNM stages ( p = 0.049), histopathological grades ( p = 0.045), and stromal degeneration ( p = 0.024). Likewise, lysozyme expression in tumor cells was also statistically significant in histopathological grades ( p = 0.004) and mean EK value ( p = 0.0119). Conclusion: The mean EK in OSCC increases with increasing histopathological grades, TNM stages, and stromal degeneration. CD68 and lysozyme can be used as markers of EK in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin C Sarode
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Sant-Tukaram Nagar, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Gargi S Sarode
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Sant-Tukaram Nagar, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Meena Kulkarni
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Sant-Tukaram Nagar, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, MS Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Tolentino EDS, Teixeira CS, Azevedo-Alanis LR, Honório HM, Damante JH. Phenotype and cell proliferation activity of duct-like structures in human sublingual glands: a histological and immunohistochemical study. J Appl Oral Sci 2015. [PMID: 26221919 PMCID: PMC4510659 DOI: 10.1590/1678-775720140349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
There are several age-related microscopic changes in the salivary glands, including the increase in the number of duct-like structures (DLS). However, the true origin and the phenotype of the DLS are not known.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Heitor Marques Honório
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Community Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - José Humberto Damante
- Department of Stomatology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
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Is salivary epidermal growth factor a biomarker for oral leukoplakia? A preliminary study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2015; 119:451-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2014.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Costa YF, Tjioe KC, Nonogaki S, Soares FA, Lauris JRP, Oliveira DT. Are podoplanin and ezrin involved in the invasion process of the ameloblastomas? Eur J Histochem 2015; 59:2451. [PMID: 25820557 PMCID: PMC4378211 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2015.2451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between podoplanin and ezrin in the process of odontogenic tumors invasion has been suggested, but was not studied yet. Our purpose was to investigate the relationship between podoplanin and ezrin expressions in the odontogenic epithelium of ameloblastomas. Forty-seven ameloblastomas were analyzed by immunohistochemistry using anti-podoplanin and anti-ezrin antibodies. The expressions of both proteins were evaluated using a score method and the comparison and association between these proteins were verified, respectively, by Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test and by Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient, using a statistical significance level of 0.05. The majority of tumors (87.2%) exhibited strong membranous expression of podoplanin in the peripheral cells. Cytoplasmic expression of ezrin in the peripheral cells of ameloblastomas was stronger than its membranous expression. No statistically significant correlation was observed between podoplanin and ezrin. However, there was statistically significant difference between membranous podoplanin and membranous ezrin expressions, between cytoplasmic podoplanin and membranous ezrin expressions, and between cytoplasmic podoplanin and cytoplasmic ezrin expressions. There was no statistical difference between membranous podoplanin and cytoplasmic ezrin expressions. These results suggest a synergistic role of both proteins in the process of invasion of ameloblastomas.
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A multicenter phase II study of cisplatin, pemetrexed, and bevacizumab in patients with advanced malignant mesothelioma. Lung Cancer 2012; 77:567-71. [PMID: 22770372 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2012.05.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2012] [Revised: 05/26/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Malignant mesothelioma (MM) cells express the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor, and VEGF protein expression is detected in a majority of human mesothelioma biopsy specimens. Bevacizumab is a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody that blocks the binding of VEGF to its receptor. We evaluated the addition of bevacizumab to cisplatin and pemetrexed as first-line treatment in patients with advanced, unresectable MM. METHODS Previously untreated MM patients with advanced, unresectable disease received cisplatin (75 mg/m(2)), pemetrexed (500 mg/m(2)), and bevacizumab (15 mg/kg) intravenously every 21 days for a maximum of 6 cycles. Patients with responsive or stable disease received bevacizumab (15 mg/kg) intravenously every 21 days until progression or intolerance. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival rate at 6 months. RESULTS 53 patients were enrolled at 4 centers; 52 were evaluable for this analysis. The progression-free survival rate at 6 months was 56% and the median progression-free survival was 6.9 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.3-7.8 months). The partial response rate was 40% and 35% of patients had stable disease. Median overall survival was 14.8 months (95% CI; 10.0-17.0 months). Grade 3/4 toxicities included neutropenia in 11%, hypertension in 6%, and venous thromboembolism in 13% of patients. CONCLUSION This trial evaluating the addition of bevacizumab to cisplatin and pemetrexed in patients with previously untreated, advanced MM failed to meet the primary endpoint of a 33% improvement in the progression-free survival rate at 6 months compared with historical controls treated with cisplatin and pemetrexed alone.
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Strefezzi RDF, Kleeb S, Xavier J, Fukumasu H, Catão-Dias J. The Value of Immunohistochemical Expression of BAX in Formulating a Prognosis for Canine Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumours. J Comp Pathol 2012; 146:314-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2011.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2010] [Revised: 07/06/2011] [Accepted: 07/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Tjioe KC, Oliveira DT, Soares CT, Lauris JRP, Damante JH. Is podoplanin expression associated with the proliferative activity of ameloblastomas? Oral Dis 2012; 18:673-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2012.01924.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Abstract
The objective of this research was to investigate the salivary levels of epidermal growth factor (EGF) in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in comparison with clinically healthy individuals and to verify the immunoexpression of EGF in tumor samples. In addition, the relationship between salivary levels and tumoral EGF expression with clinicopathologic features was investigated. We carried out an investigation on EGF expression in lesion samples and in saliva of OSCC patients through immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. EGF salivary levels of OSCC patients were also compared with levels in saliva of healthy controls. EGF levels were significantly lower in OSCC patients in comparison with the control group. Smoking, tumor location, and alcohol consumption affected salivary levels of EGF. Strong immunoexpression of EGF was associated with a more aggressive histologic pattern of the lesion. There was no significant association among salivary levels and immunohistochemical expression of EGF. Although EGF expression is frequently observed in tumors, salivary levels of EGF are reduced in patients with OSCC samples. Tobacco and alcohol may decrease EGF in saliva, which may contribute to oral carcinogenesis. Indeed, further investigations are needed to elucidate the EGF pathways.
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Growth inhibition by tyrosine kinase inhibitors in mesothelioma cell lines. Eur J Cancer 2009; 45:1684-91. [PMID: 19318229 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2009.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2008] [Revised: 02/17/2009] [Accepted: 02/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Clinical outcome following chemotherapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma is poor and improvements are needed. This preclinical study investigates the effect of five tyrosine kinase inhibitors (PTK787, ZD6474, ZD1839, SU6668 and SU11248) on the growth of three mesothelioma cell lines (NCI H226, NCI H28 and MSTO 211H), the presence of growth factor receptors and inhibition of their downstream signalling pathways. GI50 values were determined: ZD6474 and SU11248, mainly VEGFR2 inhibitors, gave the lowest GI50 across all cell lines (3.5-6.9 microM) whereas ZD1839 gave a GI50 in this range only in H28 cells. All cell lines were positive for EGFR, but only H226 cells were positive for VEGFR2 by Western blotting. ZD6474 and ZD1839 inhibited EGF-induced phosphorylation of EGFR, AKT and ERK, whereas VEGF-induced phosphorylation of VEGFR2 was completely inhibited with 0.1 microM SU11248. VEGFR2 was detected in tumour samples by immunohistochemistry. VEGFR2 tyrosine kinase inhibitors warrant further investigation in mesothelioma.
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Campos AHJFM, Aldred VL, Ribeiro KCB, Vassallo J, Soares FA. Role of immunoexpression of nitric oxide synthases by Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells on apoptosis deregulation and on clinical outcome of classical Hodgkin lymphoma. Mol Cell Biochem 2008; 321:95-102. [PMID: 18830569 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-008-9923-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2008] [Accepted: 09/15/2008] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (H-RS) cells of classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) present an impaired expression of immunoglobulin genes, but escape apoptotic death. We investigated whether nitric oxide synthases (NOS) are expressed by H-RS cells, studied their association with EBV status and the expression of apoptotic proteins, and investigated their relationship to the clinical outcome of 171 patients. NOS1 and NOS2 were expressed in a large number of cases, whereas NOS3 expression was not detected. Positive associations were found between NOS1 and p53, bax and NOS2, bcl-2 and NOS2, bax and p53, and between bax and fasL. Inverse correlations were established between EBV and NOS2 and between EBV and bcl-2. A shorter overall survival (OS) was associated with strong expression of NOS2. In conclusion, NOS are expressed by H-RS cells of cHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antônio H J F M Campos
- Department of Pathology, A. C. Camargo Cancer Treatment and Research Center, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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Faustino SES, Oliveira DT, Nonogaki S, Landman G, Carvalho AL, Kowalski LP. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-C does not predict occult lymph-node metastasis in early oral squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2008; 37:372-8. [PMID: 18295452 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2007.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2007] [Accepted: 11/26/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Strong vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) expression has been correlated to occurrence of lymph-node metastases in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The incidence of occult lymph-node metastasis remains a decisive factor in the prognosis of patients with early OSCC. The aim of this study was to evaluate VEGF-C expression as a predictor of occult lymph-node metastasis in OSCC. Eighty-seven patients with primary OSCC arising in the tongue or floor of mouth, clinically T1N0M0 or T2N0M0, with (pN+) and without (pN0) occult lymph-node metastases were analyzed for VEGF-C expression by malignant cells. Occult lymph-node metastases (pN+) were detected in 22% of the 64 patients who were submitted to elective neck dissection. No statistically significant difference was found between OSCC with and without occult lymph-node metastasis in regard to VEGF-C immunoexpression by malignant cells and clinicopathologic features. Independently of VEGF-C expression, lymph-node metastasis (pN+) was the most significant prognostic factor for overall survival of patients with OSCC (p=0.030). These findings indicate that isolated VEGF-C expression by malignant cells is not of predictive value for occult lymph-node metastasis in the early stages of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E S Faustino
- Department of Stomatology, Area of Pathology, Bauru School of Dentistry - University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
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Ramos-Nino ME, Testa JR, Altomare DA, Pass HI, Carbone M, Bocchetta M, Mossman BT. Cellular and molecular parameters of mesothelioma. J Cell Biochem 2006; 98:723-34. [PMID: 16795078 PMCID: PMC2766267 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.20828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Malignant mesotheliomas (MM) are neoplasms arising from mesothelial cells that line the body cavities, most commonly the pleural and peritoneal cavities. Although traditionally recognized as associated with occupational asbestos exposures, MMs can appear in individuals with no documented exposures to asbestos fibers, and emerging data suggest that genetic susceptibility and simian virus 40 (SV40) infections also facilitate the development of MMs. Both asbestos exposure and transfection of human mesothelial cells with SV40 large and small antigens (Tag, tag) cause genetic modifications and cell signaling events, most notably the induction of cell survival pathways and activation of receptors, and other proteins that favor the growth and establishment of MMs as well as their resistance to chemotherapy. Recent advances in high-throughput technologies documenting gene and protein expression in patients and animal models of MMs can now be validated in human MM tissue arrays. These have revealed expression profiles that allow more accurate diagnosis and prognosis of MMs. More importantly, serum proteomics has revealed two new candidates (osteopontin and serum mesothelin-related protein or SMRP) potentially useful in screening individuals for MMs. These mechanistic approaches offer new hope for early detection and treatment of these devastating tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria E Ramos-Nino
- Department of Pathology, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont 05405, USA.
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Puhakka ARA, Harju TH, Pääkkö PK, Soini YM, Kinnula VL. Nitric oxide synthases are associated with bronchial dysplasia. Lung Cancer 2006; 51:275-82. [PMID: 16420964 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2005.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2005] [Revised: 10/26/2005] [Accepted: 11/01/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen species (RNS) are highly associated with the pathogenesis of cigarette smoke related lung diseases but their role in the malignant conversion of bronchial epithelium is unclear. The immunohistochemical expression of inducible, endothelial and neuronal nitric oxide synthases (iNOS, eNOS and nNOS) and nitrotyrosine as a biomarker of oxidative/nitrosative stress was evaluated in 79 cases including 13 non-smokers, 20 smokers without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), 22 with COPD and 24 with metaplasia-dysplasia-sequence of the bronchial epithelium. Normal lung of non-smokers was mainly negative for nitrotyrosine, while it was higher in the alveolar macrophages of cigarette smokers and COPD than in non-smokers (p=0.025, p<0.001), and in the alveolar epithelium of smokers and COPD than in non-smokers (p=0.049). There were no major differences in the nitrotyrosine immunoreactivity between the metaplastic/dysplastic lesions and bronchial epithelium of cigarette smokers. Inducible NOS and nNOS were mainly non-detectable or weak in the normal looking bronchial epithelium of smokers and COPD, whereas metaplasia and dysplasia showed positivity for iNOS (22/24) and nNOS (14/24) in the majority of cases. Strong immunoreactivity for iNOS and nNOS was also found more often in dysplastic than metaplastic (p=0.011 and p=0.049, respectively) specimens. Thus, smoking can cause protein nitration also in normal lung. Prominent iNOS and nNOS immunoreactivity in the metaplasia-dysplasia-lesions suggests a divergent role of NOSs in lung carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airi R A Puhakka
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
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Abstract
A large body of preclinical evidence suggests that angiogenesis plays a key role in the pathogenesis of malignant mesothelioma. Several mediators of angiogenesis seem to be autocrine growth factors in mesothelioma, and in preclinical models, agents that target angiogenesis produce tumor regression. Several clinical trials are currently evaluating the efficacy of inhibitors of angiogenesis in mesothelioma. This article details the preliminary results of these trials and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan E Dowell
- University of Texas-Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-8852, USA.
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Tiezzi DG, De Andrade JM, Cândido dos Reis FJ, Marana HRC, Ribeiro-Silva A, Tiezzi MG, Pereira AP. Apoptosis induced by neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer. Pathology 2006; 38:21-7. [PMID: 16484003 DOI: 10.1080/00313020500465315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the relationship between apoptosis induced by chemotherapy and clinical response in breast cancer. METHODS Apoptosis index (AI), mutant p53 and Bcl-2 protein expression were evaluated in 44 breast tumour samples from patients submitted to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Objective response (OR) to primary chemotherapy was observed in 37 patients (84%) and no response (NR) in seven. AI was measured by the rate of apoptotic cells identified using morphological criteria. p53 and Bcl-2 protein expression were evaluated using an immunoperoxidase staining technique. RESULTS The median AI change observed between pre-chemotherapy AI and post-chemotherapy AI was 0.84 in the OR group and 0.01 in the NR group, (rho = 0.4; p = 0.006). There was no change in Bcl-2 protein expression following chemotherapy. In the OR group, p53 protein expression was positive in 41.6% of patients before and in 22.2% after chemotherapy (difference = 16.6%; p = 0.03). No change was detected in the NR group. CONCLUSION A positive correlation was found between the increase in AI and clinical response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Guimarães Tiezzi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine of Presidente Prudente--UNOESTE, S/A, Brazil
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Demirag F, Unsal E, Yilmaz A, Caglar A. Prognostic Significance of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Tumor Necrosis, and Mitotic Activity Index in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. Chest 2005; 128:3382-7. [PMID: 16304288 DOI: 10.1378/chest.128.5.3382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tumor growth and metastasis are angiogenesis-dependent events, and several prognostic factors have been determined in malignant mesothelioma. In this study, we investigated the prognostic significance of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), tumor necrosis (TN), and mitotic activity index (MAI) in malignant mesothelioma. For the first time (to our knowledge), we also demonstrated the association between VEGF staining, TN, and MAI in malignant mesothelioma. METHODS Decortication and VATS materials of 40 patients were investigated. The routinely processed formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded, hematoxylin-eosin-stained tumor sections that had been used for the original diagnostic purposes were retrieved. Hematoxylin-eosin sections were selected for VEGF immunostaining, TN, and mitotic count. Clinicopathologic data, stage of disease, and survival of patients were all determined. The correlations between variables were evaluated by Spearman rank correlation test. Both univariate analysis using the log-rank test and multivariate analysis using Cox regression model were performed for survival analysis. RESULTS There was a significant correlation between VEGF staining and TN (r = 0.42, p = 0.006). In univariate analysis, both VEGF staining (p = 0.0002) and TN (p = 0.0055) showed significant correlation with short survival. Also, there was a positive correlation between VEGF and tumor stage (p = 0.046). In multivariate analysis, only VEGF was determined as an independent prognostic factor in malignant mesothelioma (p = 0.001). There was no association between MAI and survival (p = 0.504). CONCLUSIONS VEGF, known as an important angiogenic peptide, is an independent prognostic factor in malignant pleural mesothelioma. TN stimulates angiogenesis, and we observed a significant correlation between VEGF and TN. However, further studies are needed to evaluate the prognostic significance of angiogenic properties in malignant mesothelioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Funda Demirag
- Department of Pathology, Atatürk Chest Diseases and Chest Surgery Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Sampaio-Góes FCG, Oliveira DT, Dorta RG, Nonogaki S, Landman G, Nishimoto IN, Kowalski LP. Expression of PCNA, p53, Bax, and Bcl-X in oral poorly differentiated and basaloid squamous cell carcinoma: Relationships with prognosis. Head Neck 2005; 27:982-9. [PMID: 16136583 DOI: 10.1002/hed.20258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to compare the clinical features and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), p53, Bcl-X, and Bax expression in primary oral basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) and poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (PDSCC) matched by stage and site and to assess the possible prognostic significance of these variables. METHODS Seventeen cases of oral BSCC were compared with 27 PDSCCs matched by stage and tumor site. In addition, PCNA, p53, Bax, and Bcl-X expression in both carcinomas were evaluated in relation to their clinicopathologic features and prognostic values using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression models. RESULTS No statistically significant differences were found between the groups (BSCC and PDSCC) in regard to clinical features and immunohistochemical reactivity for antibodies PCNA, p53, and Bcl-X. In comparison with PDSCC, the BSCC group exhibited a higher Bax score (p = .031). The 5-year and 10-year overall survival, cancer-specific survival, and disease-free survival rates demonstrated no significant differences between the BSCC and PDSCC groups, and the PCNA, p53, Bax, and Bcl-X also showed no prognostic value. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the clinical and biologic course of BSCC is similar to PDSCC in the oral cavity when clinical stage and site are matched.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda C G Sampaio-Góes
- Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, Area de Patologia, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75 CEP 17012-901, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
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Li YY, Li JC. Ultrastructural study of pleural lymphatic drainage unit and effect of nitric oxide on the drainage capacity of pleural lymphatic stomata in the rat. Ann Anat 2004; 186:25-31. [PMID: 14994909 DOI: 10.1016/s0940-9602(04)80114-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was twofold: first to investigate the ultrastructure of the lymphatic drainage unit on the costal pleura of rats by electron microscopy, and secondly to examine the effect of nitric oxide on the pleural lymphatic stomata and fluid absorption from the pleural cavity. The lymphatic drainage unit of the rat costal pleura is composed of three special components: the lymphatic stomata between the mesothelial cells, the initial part of the lymphatic vessels and the underlying connective tissue containing many foramina. The unit is the main passage to drainage fluid, particles and cells in the pleural space. To investigate the regulator of the lymph drainage, nitric oxide synthase inhibitor and nitric oxide donor were injected into the peritoneal cavity of the rats, respectively. Trypan blue was used as tracer. The ultrastructural changes of pleural lymphatic stomata were observed under scanning electron microscope and analyzed by a computer image processing system. It turned out that the area and density of the pleural lymphatic stomata were positively correlated with the nitric oxide quantity (p < 0.05). After the tracer was injected into the pleural cavity, the nitric oxide donor group exhibited a higher trypan blue concentration than the control group (p < 0.05). The ability of the pleura to absorb trypan blue was enhanced because of the larger opening of the lymphatic stomata (p < 0.05). It is suggested that nitric oxide can increase lymphatic absorption of the pleura by opening pleural lymphatic stomata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yuan Li
- Department of Lymphology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310031 Hangzhou, China
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Puhakka A, Kinnula V, Näpänkangas U, Säily M, Koistinen P, Pääkkö P, Soini Y. High expression of nitric oxide synthases is a favorable prognostic sign in non-small cell lung carcinoma. APMIS 2003; 111:1137-46. [PMID: 14678024 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2003.apm1111210.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Immunohistochemical expression of neuronal (n), endothelial (e), and inducible (i) NOS and their association with the type, grade, apoptotic index, proliferation of tumors and the survival of patients were investigated in 89 biopsies of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). In tumor cells, expression of iNOS was detected in 35/89 (40%) cases, while 79/89 (89%) and 72/89 (81%) cases showed weak to intense positivity for eNOS and nNOS, respectively. Strong eNOS staining was seen significantly more often in adenocarcinomas than in squamous cells carcinomas (p=0.016), and iNOS immunoreactivity was seen more often in grade I-II tumors than in grade III tumors (p=0.024). There was no significant difference between the low and high apoptotic indexes or between the low and high proliferation rates of tumors in any instance of NOS staining. The patients with tumors showing high nNOS expression tended to have better survival than the others (p=0.06, log-rank; p=0.04, Bresow; p=0.048, Tarone-Ware). Similarly, the patients with tumors showing high expression of iNOS, eNOS and nNOS, as determined by a combined sum index, had a better survival than those with a low sum index for these enzymes (p<0.05). The results show intense expression of eNOS and nNOS, and moderate expression of iNOS in tumor cells of non-small cell carcinoma. Intense NOSs expression seems to be a favorable prognostic sign in non-small cell lung carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airi Puhakka
- Departments of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
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Porta C, Rizzo V, Zimatore M, Sartore-Bianchi A, Danova M, Mutti L. Intrapleural interleukin-2 induces nitric oxide production in pleural effusions from malignant mesothelioma: a possible mechanism of interleukin-2-mediated cytotoxicity? Lung Cancer 2002; 38:159-62. [PMID: 12399127 DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(02)00187-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Due to the frequent use of intrapleural interleukin-2 (IL-2) to treat pleural effusions from malignant mesothelioma (MMe), we measured nitric oxide (NO) end product nitrite (NO(2)(-)) in pleural effusions of 12 MMe patients with chronic or chronic-relapsing pleurisy. Through high performance liquid chromatography analysis, NO(2)(-) was found in the initial pleural fluid sample of all patients (156.25 pmol ml(-1)), and increased significantly following IL-2 intrapleural instillation, both at 24 (589.91 pmol ml(-1), P < or = 0.0005) and 48 h (756 pmol ml(-1), P< or = 0.0005). Even though it is difficult to argue if the large amounts of NO end product NO(2)(-) we observed is produced by IL-2-stimulated and recruited immune cells, by MMe cells themselves, or by both, it is possible that NO could contribute to the complex antitumor activity of IL-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camillo Porta
- Internal Medicine and Medical Oncology, IRCCS San Matteo University Hospital, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.
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