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Kulkarni M. Post-transplant diarrhea and immunosuppressant withdrawal: Insights and limitations. J Postgrad Med 2023; 69:192-193. [PMID: 37555424 PMCID: PMC10846815 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_462_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Kulkarni
- Department of Nephrology, Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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Koppiker C, Kelkar D, Kulkarni M, Pai M, Dhar U, Deshmukh C, Varghese B, Jumle N, Zamre V, Kadu S, Joshi A, Unde R, Banale R, Namewar N, Vaid P, Thomas G, Nare S, Pereira J, Badve S. P225 Impact Of Oncoplasty in Increasing Breast Conservation Rates Post Neo-Adjuvant Chemotherapy. Breast 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9776(23)00343-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
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3
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Dave BR, Kulkarni M, Patidar V, Devanand D, Mayi S, Reddy C, Singh M, Rai RR, Krishnan A. Results of in situ fixation of Andersson lesion by posterior approach in 35 cases. Musculoskelet Surg 2022; 106:385-395. [PMID: 34037925 DOI: 10.1007/s12306-021-00712-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE Due to the rarity of the Andersson lesion (AL), the literature is ambiguous regarding the type of surgical fixation, need for debridement and deformity correction. The purpose of this retrospective study is to evaluate the efficacy, feasibility and functional outcome of posterior fixation in AL. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study included 35 patients having thoracolumbar AL operated for in situ fixation and fusion with minimum of 24-month follow-up. VAS (Visual Analogue Score) back pain, ODI (Oswestry Disability Index), Frankel's grade were compared and analyzed. Union status was noted with complications. RESULTS The mean age of 35 patients was 56.34(± 11.3) years with average follow-up of 51.49 months. Two patients had AL at two levels. 27/37 AL were at discal level. Average estimated blood loss (EBL) was 276.43 ml and duration of surgery was 130.43 min. On an average, operated segments needed 7.77 screws. There were ten minor complications without long-term sequel. Neurological improvement was noted in 30 patients. Average preoperative VAS score improved from 8.69 to 3.14, ODI score improved from 68.76 to 18.77 at final follow-up which were significant (p < 0.05). There was significant improvement in Frankel's grading (Z = - 4.354, P = 0.00). CONCLUSIONS Surgical management of AL by posterior approach and posterior stabilization can give satisfactory results without the need of extensive anterior reconstruction, bone grafting or deformity correction procedures without added morbidity and complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- B R Dave
- Stavya Spine Hospital and Research Institute, Nr Nagari Hospital, Mithakhali, Ellisbridge, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380006, India
| | - M Kulkarni
- Stavya Spine Hospital and Research Institute, Nr Nagari Hospital, Mithakhali, Ellisbridge, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380006, India
| | - V Patidar
- Stavya Spine Hospital and Research Institute, Nr Nagari Hospital, Mithakhali, Ellisbridge, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380006, India
| | - D Devanand
- Stavya Spine Hospital and Research Institute, Nr Nagari Hospital, Mithakhali, Ellisbridge, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380006, India
| | - S Mayi
- Stavya Spine Hospital and Research Institute, Nr Nagari Hospital, Mithakhali, Ellisbridge, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380006, India
| | - C Reddy
- Stavya Spine Hospital and Research Institute, Nr Nagari Hospital, Mithakhali, Ellisbridge, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380006, India
| | - M Singh
- Stavya Spine Hospital and Research Institute, Nr Nagari Hospital, Mithakhali, Ellisbridge, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380006, India
| | - R R Rai
- Stavya Spine Hospital and Research Institute, Nr Nagari Hospital, Mithakhali, Ellisbridge, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380006, India
| | - A Krishnan
- Stavya Spine Hospital and Research Institute, Nr Nagari Hospital, Mithakhali, Ellisbridge, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380006, India.
- BIMS Hospital, Opp. Sir T Hospital, Near Charan Boarding, Jail Rd, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, 364001, India.
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Anitha A, Janardhana A, Conjeevaram A, Prasad G, Aggarwal G, Namagondlu G, Aralapuram K, Penmatsa K, Dassi M, Doshetty M, Kulkarni M, Huilgol S, Srinivasa S, Raju S, Gangaiah Y. POS-028 RENAL INVOLVEMENT AND OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH COVID DURING THIRD WAVE IN INDIA. Kidney Int Rep 2022. [PMCID: PMC9475087 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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5
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Virdikar B, Kulkarni M. A study on stock market investors during COVID phase – prospect theory approach. CM 2022. [DOI: 10.18137/cardiometry.2022.23.263271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
At the macro-level, behavioral finance challenges classic financial theories. It shows that investor behavior in the real world is incompatible with the fundamental assumption of rationality in traditional finance, as studied by Sedaghati. While taking decisions, including financial decisions, rational thoughts are not involved, as suggested by modern theory. Additionally, these decisions are taken by them are also often inconsistent. Contrarily, human decisions are subject to several irrational principles, as in an evaluator study by Kannadhasan. These decisions are taken by considering the risks and returns involved. Prospect theory is one of the many theories derived from behavioral finance was first invented in a 1979 paper by Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky. It is commonly seen as the best explanation of how people evaluate risk in experimental settings, as researched by Barberis. This theory mainly includes how individuals or groups of investors decide between the alternatives under the umbrella of risk and uncertainty. This research evaluates the stock investors’ behaviors during the COVID-19 phase in India using prospect theory; many factors affect the decision of stock investors, such as loss aversion, risk aversion, certainty effect, reflective effect, etc., observed by Kahneman & Tversky. This study explores the possibility of factors of prospect theory on investors’ decisions about their investments during the COVID-19 phase. The results provide insights into how individual investors’ decisions vary during this pandemic situation.
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Santra S, Kethepalli J, Agarwal S, Dhar A, Kulkarni M, Kundu A. Gap Statistics for Confined Particles with Power-Law Interactions. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:170603. [PMID: 35570430 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.170603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We consider the N particle classical Riesz gas confined in a one-dimensional external harmonic potential with power-law interaction of the form 1/r^{k}, where r is the separation between particles. As special limits it contains several systems such as Dyson's log-gas (k→0^{+}), the Calogero-Moser model (k=2), the 1D one-component plasma (k=-1), and the hard-rod gas (k→∞). Despite its growing importance, only large-N field theory and average density profile are known for general k. In this Letter, we study the fluctuations in the system by looking at the statistics of the gap between successive particles. This quantity is analogous to the well-known level-spacing statistics which is ubiquitous in several branches of physics. We show that the variance goes as N^{-b_{k}} and we find the k dependence of b_{k} via direct Monte Carlo simulations. We provide supporting arguments based on microscopic Hessian calculation and a quadratic field theory approach. We compute the gap distribution and study its system size scaling. Except in the range -1<k<0, we find scaling for all k>-2 with both Gaussian and non-Gaussian scaling forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Santra
- International Centre for Theoretical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru - 560089, India
| | - J Kethepalli
- International Centre for Theoretical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru - 560089, India
| | - S Agarwal
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - A Dhar
- International Centre for Theoretical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru - 560089, India
| | - M Kulkarni
- International Centre for Theoretical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru - 560089, India
| | - A Kundu
- International Centre for Theoretical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru - 560089, India
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Marra G, Agnello M, Giordano A, Peretti F, Soria F, Oderda M, Dariane C, Timsit M, Branchereau J, Hedli O, Mesnard B, Tilki D, Olsburgh J, Kulkarni M, Kasivisvanathan V, Lebacle C, Breda A, Biancone L, Gontero P. Robotic radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer in renal transplant recipients: Results from a multicenter series. Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)01312-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Behl S, Kulkarni M. Conflict situation in a suburban hospital, India: Reasons and measures to minimize. CM 2021. [DOI: 10.18137/cardiometry.2021.20.119124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Health care has a prominent place in society and as a settingrequired to serve and care for its public and stimulate overallphysical, psychological, and social health. It has a distinctobligation to generate a healthy workplace. Conflict and diversityare intrinsic in health care, and conflict in interdisciplinaryteams is an accepted norm and unescapable. Thus, astudy was conducted to understand reasons for the conflictamongst varied levels of healthcare staff in a 150 bedded multispecialtyhospital in an Indian city. A Survey of 200 respondents(Healthcare and managerial staff) revealed that lack ofappreciation, job stress, and competition within the department(32%) were the major reasons for differences amongstthe employees. Concerning approaches adopted, compromisingand collaborating methods scored more (38% and38.6%, respectively). The results have shown that, in general,managers are familiar with conflict resolution techniques andbelieve in motivating their staff to increase their levels of performanceand retain them with the hospital. However, thereis a need to make the human resource system more robustand accommodating to ensure varied healthcare professionalsfrom different qualification backgrounds and job roles aretreated equitably
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Soeterik T, Van Den Bergh R, Van Melick H, Soria F, Peretti F, Oderda M, Dariane C, Timsit M, Brancherau J, Hedli O, Mesnard B, Tilki D, Kulkarni M, Kasivisvanathan V, Lebacle C, Rodriguez-Faba O, Breda A, Gandaglia G, Todeschini P, Biancone L, Gontero P, Marra G. The outcomes of active surveillance of prostate cancer in renal transplant patients: A propensity score matched comparison with a non-renal transplant cohort with prostate cancer. EUR UROL SUPPL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(21)03119-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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10
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Ng A, Chan VWS, Asif A, Lam CM, Light A, Jayaraajan K, Cambridge WA, Matthew MG, Clement KD, Kulkarni M, Bhatt NR, Khadhouri S, Kasivisvanathan V. 1160 LEARN (Urological Teaching in British Medical Schools Nationally): A Multicentre Cross-Sectional Study. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab258.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Urology is a common rotation for UK Foundation Year (FY) doctors, and accounts for >25% of acute surgical referrals. In 2012, the British Association of Urological Surgeons (BAUS) produced ‘An Undergraduate Syllabus for Urology’, advising on common clinical areas of urology to be covered during medical school. However, its national uptake remains unknown. LEARN aims to assess undergraduate urology teaching across UK medical schools.
Method
LEARN is the largest ever multicentre cross-sectional study of undergraduate urology teaching. Year 2-5 medical students and FY1 doctors were invited to complete a survey between 3rd October-20th December 2020. The primary objective is to compare current undergraduate urology teaching against the BAUS syllabus. Secondary objectives investigate the type and quantity of teaching provided, the reported performance rate of GMC mandated urological procedures, and the proportion of those considering urology as a career.
Results
A total of 7,611/8,346 (91.2%) responses from 39 medical schools that met the inclusion criteria were analysed. 16.5% of responses were newly appointed FY1 doctors. In their undergraduate training, the most commonly taught topics were urinary tract infection, acute kidney injury and haematuria; the least taught topics were male urinary incontinence, male infertility and erectile dysfunction. 90.6% and 86.3% had reported performing catheterisation as undergraduates on male and female patients respectively, and 16.9% had considered a career in urology.
Conclusion
LEARN provides the largest evaluation of any undergraduate specialty teaching. It has identified areas to improve teaching, to equip the future workforce with the competencies to manage urological pathology, irrespective of future career choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ng
- UCL Medical School, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- British Urology Researchers in Surgical Training (BURST), London, United Kingdom
| | - V W S Chan
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
- British Urology Researchers in Surgical Training (BURST), London, United Kingdom
| | - A Asif
- Leicester Medical School, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
- British Urology Researchers in Surgical Training (BURST), London, United Kingdom
| | - C M Lam
- Bronglais Hospital, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
- British Urology Researchers in Surgical Training (BURST), London, United Kingdom
| | - A Light
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- British Urology Researchers in Surgical Training (BURST), London, United Kingdom
| | - K Jayaraajan
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- British Urology Researchers in Surgical Training (BURST), London, United Kingdom
| | - W A Cambridge
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- British Urology Researchers in Surgical Training (BURST), London, United Kingdom
| | - M G Matthew
- Hull York Medical School, York, United Kingdom
- British Urology Researchers in Surgical Training (BURST), London, United Kingdom
| | - K D Clement
- Royal Alexandra Hospital, Paisley, United Kingdom
- British Urology Researchers in Surgical Training (BURST), London, United Kingdom
| | - M Kulkarni
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Cancer Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- British Urology Researchers in Surgical Training (BURST), London, United Kingdom
| | - N R Bhatt
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, United Kingdom
- British Urology Researchers in Surgical Training (BURST), London, United Kingdom
| | - S Khadhouri
- Health Science Research Unit, The School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
- British Urology Researchers in Surgical Training (BURST), London, United Kingdom
| | - V Kasivisvanathan
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, UCL, London, United Kingdom
- British Urology Researchers in Surgical Training (BURST), London, United Kingdom
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Marra G, Soria F, Oderda M, Peretti F, Giorgio C, Lamanna G, Todeschini P, Secchi A, Dariane C, Timsit O, Brancherau J, Hedli O, Mesnard B, Tilki D, Olsburgh J, Kulkarni M, Kasivisvanathan V, Lebacle C, Irani J, Breda A, Rodriguez-Faba O, Gaya J, Biancone L, Gontero P. Prostate cancer in kidney transplant recipients: large contemporary multicenter cohort study. EUR UROL SUPPL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(21)00833-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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12
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Marra G, Peretti F, Calleris G, Oderda M, Biancone L, Lamanna G, Todeschini P, Secchi A, Dariane C, Timsit O, Brancherau J, Hedli O, Mesnard B, Tilki D, Olsburgh J, Kulkarni M, Kasivisvanathan V, Lebacle C, Irani J, Breda A, Rodriguez-Faba O, Gaya J, Gandaglia G, Gontero P. Prostate cancer in renal transplant recipients: Results from a large multicentre contemporary cohort. Eur Urol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(21)00730-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Skrodzka M, Harrison J, Kulkarni M, Patel P, Ayres B, Watkin N. Long term functional and oncological outcomes of urethral reconstruction for invasive and non-invasive squamous carcinoma of the male urethra. Eur Urol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(21)01052-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Murchison LE, Anbarasan R, Mathur A, Kulkarni M. 764 Human Factors in Operative Theatres During the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Cross-sectional Analysis of Operating Theatre Staff Experiences in a Regional Centre. Br J Surg 2021. [PMCID: PMC8135869 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab134.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Introduction In the already high-risk, high-stress environment of the operating theatre, operating during Covid-19 has brought its own unique challenges. Communication, teamwork and anxiety related new operating practices secondary to Covid-19 are hypothesised to have a negative impact on patient care. Method We conducted a single-centre online survey of operating theatre staff from 22nd June–6th July 2020. Respondents completed 18 human factors questions related to COVID-19 precautions including communication, teamwork, situational awareness, decision making, stress, fatigue, work environment and organisational culture. Questions consisted of yes/no responses, multiple choice and Likert items. Kruskall-Wallis tests, Chi-Squared, Mann Whitney U tests, Spearman’s correlation coefficient, lambda and Cramer’s V tests were used. Free-text responses were also reviewed. Results 116 theatre staff responded. Visual (90.5%), hearing/ understanding (96.6%) difficulties, feeling faint/lightheaded (66.4%) and stress (47.8%) were reported. Decreased situational awareness was reported by 71.5% and correlated with visors (r = 0.27 and p = 0.03) and FFP2/3 mask usage (r = 0.29 and p = 0.01). Reduced efficiency of theatre teams was reported by 75% of respondents and 21.5% felt patient safety was at greater risk due to Covid-19 precautions in theatre. Conclusions Organisational adjustments are required, and research focused on development of fit-for-purpose personal protective equipment (PPE).
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Murchison
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - R Anbarasan
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - A Mathur
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - M Kulkarni
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, United Kingdom
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Ng A, Cambridge WA, Jayaraajan K, Lam CM, Light A, Asif A, Chan VWS, Matthews MG, Clement K, Kulkarni M, Bhatt NR, Khadhouri S, Kasivisvanathan V. P73 LEARN: uroLogical tEAching in bRitish medical schools Nationally - a national retrospective multi-centre audit of urology teaching across British medical schools. BJS Open 2021. [PMCID: PMC8030194 DOI: 10.1093/bjsopen/zrab032.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Urological conditions account for approximately 25% of acute surgical referrals and 10-15% of general practitioner appointments. In 2012, the British Association of Urological Surgeons (BAUS) produced ‘An Undergraduate Syllabus for Urology’, advising on common clinical areas of urology that must be covered during undergraduate medical training. However, its uptake nationally remains unknown. This project aims to assess undergraduate urology teaching across UK medical schools.
Methods
A targeted advertising drive using social media, medical school societies, websites and newsletters was performed over 4 weeks. Collaborators are responsible for recruiting survey respondents (year 2 medical students to foundation year 1 (FY1) doctors). Survey respondents will complete a REDCap survey retrospectively assessing their urology teaching to date. The primary objective is to compare current urology teaching in medical schools across the United Kingdom with the BAUS undergraduate syllabus.
Results
Currently, 522 collaborators have registered from 36 medical schools nationally. Of these collaborators, 6.32% (33/522) are FY1s and 93.68% (489/522) are medical students. Each collaborator will be responsible for recruiting at least 15 survey respondents to be eligible for PubMed-indexed collaborator authorship.
Conclusion
LEARN has recruited successfully to date, with all collaborators from the medical student and FY1 cohort. With the role of collaborators to further recruit survey respondents, LEARN will provide the most representative and thorough evaluation of UK undergraduate urological teaching to date. It will provide evidence to support changes in the medical school curriculum, and allow re-evaluation of the current national undergraduate BAUS syllabus.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ng
- University College London
| | | | | | | | | | - A Asif
- University College London
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16
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Lam CM, Gallagher K, Bhatt N, Clement K, Zimmermann E, Shah T, Khadhouri S, Kulkarni M, Gao C, Light A, Jayaraajan K, Asif A, Anbarasan T, Chan V, Kasivisvanathan V. P57 Global recruitment for the RESECT study (transurethral REsection and Single-instillation intravesical chemotherapy Evaluation in bladder Cancer Treatment) - an international observational cohort study aiming to improve the quality of surgery for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. BJS Open 2021. [PMCID: PMC8153804 DOI: 10.1093/bjsopen/zrab032.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is one of the most expensive cancers to treat, driven by high recurrence rates and disease progression. Mortality rates in the UK for all bladder cancers have remained relatively stable over the past decade. NMIBC can be curatively treated with transurethral resection of the bladder tumour (TURBT). Despite international evidence-based guidelines on the TURBT procedure and postoperative single instillation of mitomycin-C, TURBT quality continues to vary widely. RESECT will be the first ever international study of TURBT surgery evaluating the achievement of TURBT quality indicators globally and assessing if audit and performance feedback can improve surgical outcomes.
Methods
RESECT is a prospective, multicentre international observational cohort study. Collaborators at each site will collect data using REDCap about local TURBT practice, early recurrence rates and the experience of local TURBT surgeons. The primary outcome is the rate of achievement of key TURBT quality indicators. Advertisement for the study launched in 2020.
Results
As of October 1st, 2020, 524 collaborators have registered to participate. Collaborators represent 334 centres from 54 countries, with the highest number of centres from the United Kingdom (133), Spain (17), and India (16). 50.8% are trainees, 30.3% consultants, and 17.2% medical students. Based on current registrations, patient recruitment will far exceed initial projections and considerably improve statistical power.
Conclusion
RESECT has attracted many collaborators internationally from consultants and trainees at all stages. RESECT has significant potential to positively impact TURBT practice, health economics and ultimately improve outcomes for patients with NMIBC globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Lam
- Bronglais Hospital, Aberystwyth; British Urology Researchers in Surgical Training (BURST)
| | - K Gallagher
- Bronglais Hospital, Aberystwyth; British Urology Researchers in Surgical Training (BURST)
| | - N Bhatt
- Bronglais Hospital, Aberystwyth; British Urology Researchers in Surgical Training (BURST)
| | - K Clement
- Bronglais Hospital, Aberystwyth; British Urology Researchers in Surgical Training (BURST)
| | - E Zimmermann
- Bronglais Hospital, Aberystwyth; British Urology Researchers in Surgical Training (BURST)
| | - T Shah
- Bronglais Hospital, Aberystwyth; British Urology Researchers in Surgical Training (BURST)
| | - S Khadhouri
- Bronglais Hospital, Aberystwyth; British Urology Researchers in Surgical Training (BURST)
| | - M Kulkarni
- Bronglais Hospital, Aberystwyth; British Urology Researchers in Surgical Training (BURST)
| | - C Gao
- Bronglais Hospital, Aberystwyth; British Urology Researchers in Surgical Training (BURST)
| | - A Light
- Bronglais Hospital, Aberystwyth; British Urology Researchers in Surgical Training (BURST)
| | - K Jayaraajan
- Bronglais Hospital, Aberystwyth; British Urology Researchers in Surgical Training (BURST)
| | - A Asif
- Bronglais Hospital, Aberystwyth; British Urology Researchers in Surgical Training (BURST)
| | - T Anbarasan
- Bronglais Hospital, Aberystwyth; British Urology Researchers in Surgical Training (BURST)
| | - V Chan
- Bronglais Hospital, Aberystwyth; British Urology Researchers in Surgical Training (BURST)
| | - V Kasivisvanathan
- Bronglais Hospital, Aberystwyth; British Urology Researchers in Surgical Training (BURST)
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Kheur S, Kulkarni M, Mahajan PG, Kheur M, Raj AT, Patil S, Awan KH. Comparing the sub-gingival levels of Cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, Porphyromonas gingivalis in human immunodeficiency virus-1 seropositive patients with and without antiretroviral therapy. Dis Mon 2021; 67:101166. [PMID: 33663798 DOI: 10.1016/j.disamonth.2021.101166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The effect of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on the oral pathogenic microbes in human immunodeficiency virus-1 seropositive patients remains relatively unexplored. Thus, the present study assessed the effect of ART on the sub-gingival levels of 3 pathogenic microbes. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study groups consisted of 60 human immunodeficiency virus-1 seropositive patients divided into 3 groups of 20 each. Group 1 had periodontitis and did not start with the ART. Group 2 had periodontitis and started with ART (Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate 300 mg + Lamivudine 300 mg + Efavirenz 600 mg) at least 6 months before the study. Group 3 with normal periodontium, and have not started ART. The sub-gingival loads of Cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, and the Porphyromonas gingivalis levels were assessed, along with the CD4 counts. RESULTS The cytomegalovirus load was highest in group 1, followed by groups 2, and 3 (p-value of 0.271). The Epstein-Barr load was highest for group 2, followed by group 3, and 1 (p-value of 0.022). The P.gingivalis load was highest in group 2, followed by groups 1 and 3, (p-value of 0.028). The Epstein-Barr and Cytomegalovirus counts were significantly higher (p-value < 0.02) when the CD4 counts were less than 500 cells/cu3. CONCLUSION ART did not cause any significant reduction in the sub-gingival levels of any of the 3 examined microbes. Given the lack of any significant effect on the sub-gingival microbial loads by the ART, human immunodeficiency virus patients may require additional anti-microbial agents and regular mechanical plaque removal to maintain their periodontal status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Kheur
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, India.
| | - Meena Kulkarni
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, India
| | - Pratiksha G Mahajan
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, India
| | - Mohit Kheur
- Department of Prosthodontics, M.A. Rangoonwala College of Dental Sciences & Research Centre, Pune, India
| | - A Thirumal Raj
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sri Venkateswara Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, India
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Kamran Habib Awan
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, Utah, USA.
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Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
Regular participation in physical activity is critical for nurturing optimum health and well-being. It also prevents the onset of obesity and associated non-communicable diseases. Indeed, urban Indian men are more prone to these chronic illnesses as most of them lead a very sedentary lifestyle. Thus, a public health priority is to increase physical activity levels among sedentary urban Indian men. With this objective in mind, an exploratory study was designed to understand men's perspective of physical activity and the factors influencing physical activity participation.
Methods
Five focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with adult men (n = 26; age: 20-60 years) between August and November 2019. The participants were recruited from Mumbai Metropolitan Area through snowballing. All the FGDs were audio-recorded and conducted in both Hindi and English. The audio recordings were transcribed and translated. Content analysis was used to obtain frequencies of different barriers and facilitators. Thematic analysis was applied to cluster responses, identify themes in the data, and build an explanation from the FGDs.
Results
All the participants perceived the need to participate in physical activity as it was associated with a better quality of life. Commonly identified facilitators were health benefits, physical appearance, and adequate facilities in the neighbourhood to engage in physical activity. Self-reported barriers included lack of time because of hectic work schedules and commuting, laziness, physical activity not viewed as a priority, and engagement with mobile phones.
Conclusions
The emerging findings can inform the development of a physical activity intervention to support behaviour change as well as ensure its sustainability among inactive urban Indian men. This qualitative inquiry contributes to the body of knowledge on physical activity in a culture that is relatively underrepresented in the current literature.
Key messages
Physical activity was influenced by multiple factors at multiple levels i.e. intrapersonal level, interpersonal level, and community level. There is a need to design effective public health interventions to increase physical activity and thereby control the prevailing disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Rathi
- Department of Humanities & Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - M Kulkarni
- Department of Humanities & Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
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Dravid A, Betha TP, Sharma AK, Gawali R, Mahajan U, Kulkarni M, Saraf C, Kore S, Dravid M, Rathod N. Efficacy and safety of a single-tablet regimen containing tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 300 mg, lamivudine 300 mg and efavirenz 400 mg as a switch strategy in virologically suppressed HIV-1-infected subjects on nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-containing first-line antiretroviral therapy in Pune, India. HIV Med 2020; 21:578-587. [PMID: 33021066 PMCID: PMC7539943 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.12912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES As per National AIDS Control Organization (NACO) estimates, there are 2.1 million people living with HIV (PWH) in India, of whom 1.2 million are on first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART). This study explored the use of a single-tablet regimen containing tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 300 mg + lamivudine 300 mg + efavirenz 400 mg (TLE400 STR) as a first-line switch strategy in PWH in Pune, India. METHODS This retrospective cohort study was conducted in private sector ART clinics in three tertiary-level hospitals in Pune, India. PWH > 12 years of age (n = 502) who initiated first-line ART (predominantly TLE600 STR), completed ≥ 6 months of follow-up and achieved virological suppression [plasma viral load (VL) < 1000 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL] were identified and switched to TLE400 STR. The virological and immunological efficacy of TLE400 STR at 6 and 12 months of follow-up were noted. Grade 3/4 adverse events (especially efavirenz-related neuropsychiatric adverse events) leading to regimen discontinuation were also noted. RESULTS Of 502 PWH who switched to TLE400 STR, complete virological suppression (VL < 20 copies/mL) was maintained in more than 97% of patients at follow-up. TLE400 STR was successful in maintaining CD4 counts within the range observed at the start of the regimen. Grade 3/4 adverse events leading to TLE400 STR discontinuation were seen in 11 (2.2%) patients. Virological failure (VL > 1000 copies/mL) and treatment regimen failure were seen in six (1.2%) and 49 (9.8%) subjects, respectively. CONCLUSIONS TLE400 STR exhibits excellent efficacy and safety as a switch strategy and should be introduced in the Indian National ART Program, especially for PWH who are virologically suppressed on TLE600 STR.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dravid
- Department of Medicine, Ruby Hall Clinic, Pune, Maharashtra, India.,Department of Medicine, Poona Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, India.,Department of Medicine, Noble Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - T P Betha
- Department of Medicine, Poona Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - A K Sharma
- Department of Medicine, Poona Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - R Gawali
- Department of Medicine, Poona Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - U Mahajan
- Department of Biostatistics, VMK Diagnostics Private Limited, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - M Kulkarni
- Department of Medicine, Ruby Hall Clinic, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - C Saraf
- Department of Pathology, VMK Diagnostics Private Limited, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - S Kore
- Department of Dermatology, Ashwini Sahakari Rugnalaya and Research Centre, Solapur, Maharashtra, India
| | - M Dravid
- Infectious Disease Clinic, Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | - N Rathod
- Department of Medicine, Apex Hospital, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India
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Dirajlal-Fargo S, Shan L, Sattar A, Bowman E, Gabriel J, Kulkarni M, Funderburg N, Nazzinda R, Musiime V, McComsey GA. Insulin resistance and intestinal integrity in children with and without HIV infection in Uganda. HIV Med 2019; 21:119-127. [PMID: 31642582 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.12808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The risk of cardiometabolic complications in children with perinatally acquired HIV infection (PHIVs) and in perinatally HIV-exposed but uninfected children (HEUs) and its relationship to systemic inflammation and markers of gut integrity are not well established. In this current study, we assed insulin resitance in PHIV compared to HEUs and HIV unexposed uninfected children and explored potential association with intestinal damage biomarkers. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study in PHIVs, HEUs and HIV-unexposed, uninfected children (HUUs) aged 2-10 years enrolled in Uganda. PHIVs were on stable antiretroviral therapy (ART) with HIV viral load < 400 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL. Insulin resistance was estimated using the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). We measured markers of systemic inflammation, monocyte activation and gut integrity. Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to compare markers by HIV status; Pearson correlation and multiple linear regressions were used to assess associations of the HOMA-IR index with biomarkers of intestinal damage and translocation. RESULTS Overall, 172 participants were enrolled in the study (57 PHIVs, 59 HEUs and 56 HUUs). The median age was 7.8 [interquartile range (IQR) 6.39, 8.84] years, 55% were female and the median body mass index (BMI) was 15 (IQR 14.3, 15.8) kg/m2 . Among PHIVs, the median CD4% was 37%, and 93% had viral load ≤ 20 copies/mL. PHIVs had higher waist:hip ratio, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglycerides and HOMA-IR index than the other groups (P ≤ 0.02). Factors correlated with insulin resistance included higher BMI and HDL cholesterol and lower soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor I (sTNFRI) (P ≤ 0.02). There was no correlation between any of the other inflammatory or gut biomarkers and HOMA-IR index (P ≥ 0.05). After adjusting for age and sTNFRI, BMI remained independently associated with the HOMA-IR index (β = 0.16; P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Despite viral suppression, Ugandan PHIVs have disturbances in glucose metabolism. Higher BMI, and not immune activation or alteration of gut integrity, was associated with insulin resistance in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dirajlal-Fargo
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - L Shan
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - A Sattar
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - E Bowman
- Ohio State University School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - J Gabriel
- Ohio State University School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - M Kulkarni
- Ohio State University School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - N Funderburg
- Ohio State University School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - R Nazzinda
- Joint Clinical Research Centre, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - V Musiime
- Joint Clinical Research Centre, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - G A McComsey
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Agarwal S, Dhar A, Kulkarni M, Kundu A, Majumdar SN, Mukamel D, Schehr G. Harmonically Confined Particles with Long-Range Repulsive Interactions. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 123:100603. [PMID: 31573302 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.100603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We study an interacting system of N classical particles on a line at thermal equilibrium. The particles are confined by a harmonic trap and repel each other via pairwise interaction potential that behaves as a power law ∝∑[under i≠j][over N]|x_{i}-x_{j}|^{-k} (with k>-2) of their mutual distance. This is a generalization of the well-known cases of the one-component plasma (k=-1), Dyson's log gas (k→0^{+}), and the Calogero-Moser model (k=2). Because of the competition between harmonic confinement and pairwise repulsion, the particles spread over a finite region of space for all k>-2. We compute exactly the average density profile for large N for all k>-2 and show that while it is independent of temperature for sufficiently low temperature, it has a rich and nontrivial dependence on k with distinct behavior for -2<k<1, k>1 and k=1.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Agarwal
- International Centre for Theoretical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru 560089, India
- Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani 333031, India
| | - A Dhar
- International Centre for Theoretical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru 560089, India
| | - M Kulkarni
- International Centre for Theoretical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru 560089, India
| | - A Kundu
- International Centre for Theoretical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru 560089, India
| | - S N Majumdar
- LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Universite Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - D Mukamel
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - G Schehr
- LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Universite Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
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22
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LoPresti ST, Popovic B, Kulkarni M, Skillen CD, Brown BN. Free radical-decellularized tissue promotes enhanced antioxidant and anti-inflammatory macrophage response. Biomaterials 2019; 222:119376. [PMID: 31445321 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress leads to the progression of many diseases including chronic wounds, atherosclerosis, stroke and cancer. The modification of biomolecules with reactive nitrogen or oxygen species has been shown to trigger oxidative stress pathways that are beneficial for healing. Extracellular matrix scaffolds have been used successfully in reconstructive applications due to the beneficial host response they induce. To tailor extracellular matrix scaffolds to enhance antioxidant response, ECM were prepared using reactive nitrogen or oxygen species. These scaffolds were shown to be effectively decellularized and possess oxidative or nitroxidative protein modifications. Macrophage responses in vitro and in an in vivo muscle injury model were shown to have enhanced antioxidant phenotypes without impairment of long-term remodeling. These observations suggest that ECM decellularized with reactive oxygen or nitrogen species could provide better outcomes for the treatment of ischemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T LoPresti
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, United States; Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, United States
| | - B Popovic
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, United States
| | - M Kulkarni
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, United States
| | - C D Skillen
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, United States
| | - B N Brown
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, United States; Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, United States; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States.
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23
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Kadoo P, Dandekar R, Kulkarni M, Mahajan A, Kumawat R, Parate N. Correlation of mitosis obtained by using 1% crystal violet stain with Ki67LI in histological grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2018; 8:234-240. [PMID: 30191116 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The purpose of this study was to use a simple, cost-effective technique for studying mitosis in various grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) using 1% Crystal-violet stain and to correlate mitotic frequency index (MFI) obtained by it with Ki67 labeling index (Ki67LI) so as to validate its usefulness as a selective stain for evaluating proliferation. Materials and Methods The invasive front grading score (IFG Score) was recorded in 40 patients of OSCC. Mitotic figures were assessed in hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) stained section as well as in 1% crystal-violet stained section using MFI (MFI = Mitosis/total number of cell counted X100). Comparison between MFI obtained by 1% crystal violet stain and H and E stain was done. Ki67LI was assessed using Ki67 immunohistochemical (IHC) marker. Correlation between Ki67LI and MFI obtained by using 1% crystal-violet stain was performed. Results There was statistically significant increase in MFI obtained by using 1% crystal-violet stain compared to routine H and E stain. Statistically significant positive correlation was observed between Ki67LI and mitosis in well and moderately differentiated OSCC. Positive correlation was also observed in poorly differentiated OSCC, but it was not statistically significant. Both mean MFI and mean Ki67LI significantly increased from grade I to grade II to grade III OSCC. Conclusion 1% crystal violet stain provides a definite advantage over the H and E stained sections. Thus crystal violet stain is easy and cost effective to evaluate proliferation when compared with expensive proliferative IHC marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Kadoo
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, MGV's KBH Dental College and Hospital, Nashik, Maharashtra, India
- Swargiya Dadasaheb Kalmegh Smruti Dental College and Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rishikesh Dandekar
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, MGV's KBH Dental College and Hospital, Nashik, Maharashtra, India
| | - Meena Kulkarni
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, MGV's KBH Dental College and Hospital, Nashik, Maharashtra, India
| | - Aarti Mahajan
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, MGV's KBH Dental College and Hospital, Nashik, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ramniwas Kumawat
- CDER, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, AIMS, Delhi, India
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Kulkarni M, Gupta M, Madkaikar M. Phenotypic Prenatal Diagnosis of Chronic Granulomatous Disease: A Useful Tool in The Absence Of Molecular Diagnosis. Scand J Immunol 2017; 86:486-490. [PMID: 29063637 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is an inherited immunodeficiency disorder affecting the microbicidal function of the phagocytes. It is characterized by susceptibility to recurrent infections leading to significant morbidity and mortality. Antibacterial and antifungal prophylaxis, though, has significantly reduced the rate and severity of the infections; the breakthrough infections still remain a challenge. Currently, allogenic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the only curative option which is very expensive and unavailable for many due to lack of suitable donor. Thus, prenatal diagnosis (PND) forms an important component of management in the affected families. PND is challenging in families approaching late in pregnancy with an uncharacterized molecular defect. In such cases, PND can be performed by analysis of NADPH activity of fetal blood (FB) neutrophils at 18-20 weeks of gestation. Cord blood samples at 18 weeks of gestation from healthy control were used to establish normal ranges for NBT and DHR. PND was offered for six pregnancies (NBT: n = 3, DHR: n = 6) with index cases of CGD confirmed by abnormal NBT and DHR analysis. NBT and DHR tests were found to be negative for all the six cases, confirming the same on samples post-delivery. NBT and DHR tests offer a rapid and sensitive PND of CGD in the absence of facilities for molecular diagnosis. It was observed that addition of CD15 along with CD45 led to an accurate DHR analysis. It is recommended to perform the diagnosis with adequate precautions only at centres with considerable experience and expertise in the diagnosis of CGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kulkarni
- National Institute of Immunohaematology-ICMR, Mumbai, India
| | - M Gupta
- National Institute of Immunohaematology-ICMR, Mumbai, India
| | - M Madkaikar
- National Institute of Immunohaematology-ICMR, Mumbai, India
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Abstract
AIM This study aimed to estimate the frequency of oral lesions in dermatological diseased patients attending the outpatient department of Pravara Rural Medical and Dental College and Hospital, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed University), Loni, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India, and the Department of Dermatology at Medical College, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted in Loni from October 2013 to January 2014. A total of 310 patients (mean age 37.2 ± 16 years, 61.2% males) completed an oral examination and a personal interview. Oral lesions were recorded. Biopsy and smear were used as adjuvant techniques for confirmation. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) (version 15.0.1). RESULTS Of 310 cases (n = 310) observed for skin lesions, 99 cases were psoriasis (31.93%) and 68 cases were lichen planus (LP; 21.9%), followed by herpes zoster in 44 cases (14.1%), herpes simplex in 13 cases (4.1%), pemphigus vulgaris (PV) in 15 cases (4.8%), erythema multiforme (EM) in 8 cases (2.5%), bullous pemphigoid (BP) in 4 cases (1.2%), chicken pox in 3 cases (0.9%), eczema in 52 cases (16.7%), and nutritional deficiency and candidiasis in 2 cases (Table 1). CONCLUSION The dermatologic diseases studied frequently occur in the oral cavity. Among them, psoriasis was the most common dermatological disease, and LP frequently showed. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE This study also depicts that diagnosis and management of these oral lesions should also be carried out by oral clinicians so as to improve the oral health functioning during the course of the disease. The intraoral examination should be incorporated to the routine of dermatologic assistance as the oral manifestations can represent preliminary signs or can coexist with the diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay G Thete
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed University), Loni Maharashtra, India, e-mail:
| | - Meena Kulkarni
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed University), Loni Maharashtra, India
| | - Atul P Nikam
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed University), Loni Maharashtra, India
| | - Tejashree Mantri
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Maharashtra Institute of Dental Sciences & Research, Latur, Maharashtra India
| | - Dhiraj Umbare
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed University), Loni Maharashtra, India
| | - Sushant Satdive
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed University), Loni Maharashtra, India
| | - Dinraj Kulkarni
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, M. A. Rangoonwala College of Dental Sciences & Research Centre Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Junkar I, Kulkarni M, Humpolíček P, Capáková Z, Burja B, Mazare A, Schmuki P, Mrak-Poljšak K, Flašker A, Žigon P, Čučnik S, Mozetič M, Tomšič M, Iglič A, Sodin-Semrl S. Could Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes Represent a Viable Support System for Appropriate Cells in Vascular Implants? Advances in Biomembranes and Lipid Self-Assembly 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.abl.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Kulkarni M, Theile J, Rintoul-Hoad S, Larner T. Does split-site working affect training? Int J Surg 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2016.08.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kulkarni M, Harris SB, Elliot D. The Significance of Extensor Tendon Tethering and Dorsal Joint Capsule Tightening After Injury to the Hand. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 31:52-60. [PMID: 16290910 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsb.2005.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2004] [Accepted: 09/26/2005] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This paper examines the clinical problem of extensor tendon tethering and/or dorsal joint capsule tightening secondary to hand injury. One hundred and forty-one patients were examined 13 to 51 months after hand injuries of varying severity. Fifty-six patients (40%) had suffered simple and eighty-five patients (60%) complex injuries. Seventy-four (52%) of the 141 patients had no extensor tendon tethering and/or dorsal joint capsule tightening. In 30 (21%), the extensor tendon tethering and/or dorsal joint capsule tightening was considered to be “obvious” in that it was easily seen on examination using various commonly used clinical tests of finger flexion and extension. In 37 (26%), the extensor tendon tethering and/or dorsal joint capsule tightening was considered to be of “lesser degree” because it was only evident on application of specific tests which are described in this paper. Of the 37, 21 (56%) described themselves as being unable to make a “proper” fist with the injured hand, 33 (89%) had pain or discomfort on the dorsum of the injured hand and/or fingers on gripping ( P < 0.01) and 25 (70%) had weakness of power of gripping ( P < 0.01). Thirty-two (87%) complained of functional problems at work, with activities of daily living or with the pursuit of their hobbies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kulkarni
- St. Andrew's Centre for Plastic Surgery, Broomfield Hospital, Chelmsford, Essex, UK
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Abstract
Objectives: To quantify endocytosis of keratinocytes (EK) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and correlate it with different clinical and histopathological parameters. Further, the expression of cluster of differentiation 68 (CD68) and lysozyme was studied in tumor cells to corroborate this phenomenon. Materials and method: EK per high-power field (HPF) was calculated on hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections and correlated with clinical and histopathological parameters. CD68 and lysozyme were studied in tumor cells using immunohistochemistry. Results: The mean EK per HPF was higher in stage IV (4.450 ± 2.241) than stage III (3.333 ± 1.543) OSCC ( p = 0.1978). Although there were more EK in N2 stage (4.362 ± 0.3405) as compared to N0–N1 (3.462 ± 0.4178), the results were statistically insignificant. Statistically significant difference in mean EK was observed in all the grades of OSCC: well versus moderate ( p = 0.0052), moderate versus poor ( p < 0.0001), and well versus poor ( p = 0.0001). There were significant differences in the mean EK ( p < 0.05) between different grades of stromal degenerations (mild: 2.654 ± 1.093, moderate: 5.115 ± 1.774, and severe: 7.250 ± 2.217). Statistically significant differences were observed in CD68 expression in tumor cells of various TNM stages ( p = 0.049), histopathological grades ( p = 0.045), and stromal degeneration ( p = 0.024). Likewise, lysozyme expression in tumor cells was also statistically significant in histopathological grades ( p = 0.004) and mean EK value ( p = 0.0119). Conclusion: The mean EK in OSCC increases with increasing histopathological grades, TNM stages, and stromal degeneration. CD68 and lysozyme can be used as markers of EK in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin C Sarode
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Sant-Tukaram Nagar, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Gargi S Sarode
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Sant-Tukaram Nagar, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Meena Kulkarni
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Sant-Tukaram Nagar, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, MS Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Kimchi-Schwartz ME, Martin L, Flurin E, Aron C, Kulkarni M, Tureci HE, Siddiqi I. Stabilizing Entanglement via Symmetry-Selective Bath Engineering in Superconducting Qubits. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 116:240503. [PMID: 27367372 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.240503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Bath engineering, which utilizes coupling to lossy modes in a quantum system to generate nontrivial steady states, is a tantalizing alternative to gate- and measurement-based quantum science. Here, we demonstrate dissipative stabilization of entanglement between two superconducting transmon qubits in a symmetry-selective manner. We utilize the engineered symmetries of the dissipative environment to stabilize a target Bell state; we further demonstrate suppression of the Bell state of opposite symmetry due to parity selection rules. This implementation is resource efficient, achieves a steady-state fidelity F=0.70, and is scalable to multiple qubits.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Kimchi-Schwartz
- Quantum Nanoelectronics Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - L Martin
- Quantum Nanoelectronics Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - E Flurin
- Quantum Nanoelectronics Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - C Aron
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
- Laboratoire de Physique Théorique, École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, Paris, France
- Instituut voor Theoretische Fysica, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - M Kulkarni
- Department of Physics, New York City College of Technology, The City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York 11201, USA
| | - H E Tureci
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - I Siddiqi
- Quantum Nanoelectronics Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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Homenauth E, Ghiasi M, Feldman L, Arrouf N, Mallya S, Lacombe J, Pichika SC, Zhao K, Aibibula W, Krishnan R, Kajeguka D, Kaaya R, Protopopoff N, Mosha F, Desrochers R, Watts A, Kulkarni M, Saravu K, Nair S, Mukhopadhyay C, George LS, Pai M, Jiang H, Brown P, Blais L, Lefebvre G, Samoilenko M, Kulkarni M, Jolly A, Roy-Gagnon MH, Sander B, Gauvreau CL, Memon S, Popadiuk C, Flanagan WM, Nadeau C, Coldman AJ, Wolfson MC, Miller AB, Acar E, Cox J, Hamelin AM, McLinden T, Klein MB, Brassard P, Chong M, Martin J. The Canadian Society for Epidemiology and Biostatistics 2016 National Student Conference001INVESTIGATING ECOLOGICAL DETERMINANTS OF MALARIA VECTOR DISTRIBUTION IN RURAL TANZANIA “A MULTI-SCALAR INVESTIGATION”002PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION AMONG HEALTHCARE TRAINEES IN SOUTH INDIA003SPATIAL MODELLING OF LUNG AND THYROID CANCERS IN UNITED STATES COUNTIES004A MEDIATION ANALYSIS TO ASSESS THE IMPACT OF INHALED CORTICOSTEROIDS (ICSS) DURING PREGNANCY ON BIRTHWEIGHT005MODELLING HUMAN RISK OF WEST NILE VIRUS IN ONTARIO, 2002-2013: INCORPORATING SURVEILLANCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL DATA006EXPLORING THE HEALTH OUTCOMES OF VARIOUS PAN-CANADIAN CERVICAL CANCER SCREENING PROGRAMS USING MICROSIMULATION MODELING007INTEGRATIVE ANALYSIS OF MICRORNA AND GENE EXPRESSION DATA USING SPARSE CANONICAL CORRELATION ANALYSIS008CONDITIONAL DEPENDENCE MODELS UNDER COVARIATE MEASUREMENT ERROR009ASSOCIATION BETWEEN FOOD INSECURITY AND HIV VIRAL SUPPRESSION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS010ANTIBIOTICS VERSUS APPENDECTOMY FOR UNCOMPLICATED APPENDICITIS: A GLOBAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVE. Am J Epidemiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/aje/kww058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Kanitkar R, Mane A, Agashe A, Kulkarni M, Deshmukh S. Abstract P2-12-13: Modified pectoral nerves block for postoperative analgesia after modified radical mastectomy: A comparative study. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p2-12-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The modified pectoral nerves block (Pecs II) as a method of analgesia for breast cancer surgery has shown excellent results in recent publications. This technique blocks the long thoracic nerve, thoracic intercostal nerves from T2-T6 & thoracodorsal nerve.
Aims: To evaluate the effectiveness of the Pecs II block for pain relief in the postoperative period of patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy (MRM).
Methods: A prospective comparative study was conducted at our instituition between November 2014 and March 2015. Patients scheduled to undergo MRM were randomly assigned to the test group (endotracheal anaesthesia along with Pecs II) and the control group (endotracheal anaesthesia only). In the postoperative period the patients were evaluated using a visual analogue scale to determine pain scores at 6, 12 & 24 hours.
Results: Fifty patients (25 in each group), between the ages of 24 to 76 years (54.76 ± 10) were included in the study. There was no significant difference in ages between test & control groups. In the postoperative period, the test group had significantly lower median pain scores at 6, 12 & 24 hours as compared to the control group.
Table 1: Comparative analysis for Pecs II block TestControlp valueeffect size (r)Average age (years)54.44 ± 10.7855.08 ± 9.370.824-Median postoperative pain scores 6 hours2 (1)6 (2)<0.001*- 0.8312 hours3 (1)5 (2)<0.001*- 0.6224 hours3 (1)0.034*- 0.30* statistically significant
Conclusion: The modified pectoral nerves block (Pecs II) is a novel & effective technique for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy.
Citation Format: Kanitkar R, Mane A, Agashe A, Kulkarni M, Deshmukh S. Modified pectoral nerves block for postoperative analgesia after modified radical mastectomy: A comparative study. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-12-13.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kanitkar
- Ruby Hall Clinic, Pune, Maharashtra, India; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - A Mane
- Ruby Hall Clinic, Pune, Maharashtra, India; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - A Agashe
- Ruby Hall Clinic, Pune, Maharashtra, India; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M Kulkarni
- Ruby Hall Clinic, Pune, Maharashtra, India; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - S Deshmukh
- Ruby Hall Clinic, Pune, Maharashtra, India; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Kleman M, Kulkarni M, Nygren M, Van Atta R. Evaluation of Xpert® Ebola Assay performance with whole blood, plasma, and buccal swab sample types. J Clin Virol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2015.07.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Sarode GS, Sarode SC, Kulkarni M, Karmarkar S, Patll S, Auciustine D. Bioimpedance Assessment of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Clinicopathological Correlation. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015; 16:715-22. [PMID: 26522596 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM Molecular alterations at membrane, cytosol and nuclear level in cancer cells/tissue show variations in bioimpedance measure. In the present study, bioimpedance assessment and comparison was investigated between oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and normal tissue. Study further involves clinicopathological correlation of bioimpedance values in OSCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study is comprised of 50 OSCC cases and 50 healthy control subjects. Four electrical properties of OSCC were measured: Impedance (Z); Phase angle (9); Real part of impedance (R); and Imaginary part of impedance (X) at six frequencies: 20 Hz; 50 kHz; 1.3 MHz; 2.5 MHz; 3.7 MHz; and 5 MHz with the amplitude of the applied voltage limited to 200 mV. RESULTS The bioimpedance of OSCC as well as control group decreased as the measurement frequency increased from 20 Hz to 5 MHz. The bioimpedance of OSCC was generally smaller than that of control group. The mean bioimpedance of OSCC was found to be 4493 ± 216.9 Ω and 370.0 ± 26.45 Ω and that of control group was 15490 ± 287.2 Ω and 817.1 ± 7.227 Ω at frequencies of 20 Hz and 50 MHz respectively which is statistically significant (p < 0.0001). The values of phase angle, real and imaginary part of impedance of OSCC group were found to be significantly larger than that of control group (p < 0.0001) at 20 Hz and 50 MHz frequency. Impedance values of OSCC were seen to decrease from stages I to IV. Statistically significant differences in values of impedance were observed between stage I (4881 ± 262.5 Ω) and IV (4500 ± 181.6 Ω) (p = 0.0060) and also between stage I (4881 ± 262.5 Ω) and III (4376 ± 121.3 Ω) at frequency of 20 Hz (p-value 0.0005). Statistically significant differences in values of impedance were also observed between well differentiated (4557 ± 260.8) and poorly differentiated OSCC (4347 ± 76.12) (p = 0.0004) but only at 20 Hz frequency. CONCLUSION Bioimpedance at a particular frequency showed significant alteration in OSCC tissue as compared to control. Hence, it can be potentially promising detection technique for OSCC. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE It is a low-cost real time method, which requires little training, and hence can be easily used in primary care centers or in developing countries where multiple challenges limit national screening programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gargi S Sarode
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, DY Patil Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sachin C Sarode
- Professor, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, DY Patil Dental College and Hospital, Maheshnagar, Pimpri, Pune-18 Maharashtra, India, Phone: +919922491465, e-mail:
| | - Meena Kulkarni
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, DY Patil Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Swarada Karmarkar
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, DY Patil Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shagkargouda Patll
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, MS Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Domimc Auciustine
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, MS Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Abstract
We report a case of a young female patient who presented with weakness of upper and lower limbs. On evaluation, she had hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, metabolic alkalosis and hypocalciuria. Anti-Ro (SSA) antibody was positive. She had an acquired Gitelman syndrome due to primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS). SS presenting with features of Gitelman syndrome is very rare.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kulkarni
- Department of Nephrology, Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - P Kadri
- Department of Nephrology, Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - R Pinto
- Department of Nephrology, Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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36
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kulkarni
- Department of Nephrology, Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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Abstract
Introduction: Estimating age using the dentition plays a significant role in identification of the individual in forensic cases. Teeth are one of the most durable and strongest structures in the human body. The morphology and arrangement of teeth vary from person-to-person and is unique to an individual as are the fingerprints. Therefore, the use of dentition is the method of choice in the identification of the unknown. Root dentin translucency is considered to be one of the best parameters for dental age estimation. Traditionally, root dentin translucency was measured using calipers. Recently, the use of custom built software programs have been proposed for the same. Objectives: The present study describes a method to measure root dentin translucency on sectioned teeth using a custom built software program Adobe Photoshop 7.0 version (Adobe system Inc, Mountain View California). Materials and Methods: A total of 50 single rooted teeth were sectioned longitudinally to derive a 0.25 mm uniform thickness and the root dentin translucency was measured using digital and caliper methods and compared. The Gustafson's morphohistologic approach is used in this study. Results: Correlation coefficients of translucency measurements to age were statistically significant for both the methods (P < 0.125) and linear regression equations derived from both methods revealed better ability of the digital method to assess age. Conclusion: The custom built software program used in the present study is commercially available and widely used image editing software. Furthermore, this method is easy to use and less time consuming. The measurements obtained using this method are more precise and thus help in more accurate age estimation. Considering these benefits, the present study recommends the use of digital method to assess translucency for age estimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushma Bommannavar
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Meena Kulkarni
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Kulkarni M, Mazare A, Gongadze E, Perutkova Š, Kralj-Iglič V, Milošev I, Schmuki P, Mozetič M. Titanium nanostructures for biomedical applications. Nanotechnology 2015; 26:062002. [PMID: 25611515 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/26/6/062002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Titanium and titanium alloys exhibit a unique combination of strength and biocompatibility, which enables their use in medical applications and accounts for their extensive use as implant materials in the last 50 years. Currently, a large amount of research is being carried out in order to determine the optimal surface topography for use in bioapplications, and thus the emphasis is on nanotechnology for biomedical applications. It was recently shown that titanium implants with rough surface topography and free energy increase osteoblast adhesion, maturation and subsequent bone formation. Furthermore, the adhesion of different cell lines to the surface of titanium implants is influenced by the surface characteristics of titanium; namely topography, charge distribution and chemistry. The present review article focuses on the specific nanotopography of titanium, i.e. titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotubes, using a simple electrochemical anodisation method of the metallic substrate and other processes such as the hydrothermal or sol-gel template. One key advantage of using TiO2 nanotubes in cell interactions is based on the fact that TiO2 nanotube morphology is correlated with cell adhesion, spreading, growth and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells, which were shown to be maximally induced on smaller diameter nanotubes (15 nm), but hindered on larger diameter (100 nm) tubes, leading to cell death and apoptosis. Research has supported the significance of nanotopography (TiO2 nanotube diameter) in cell adhesion and cell growth, and suggests that the mechanics of focal adhesion formation are similar among different cell types. As such, the present review will focus on perhaps the most spectacular and surprising one-dimensional structures and their unique biomedical applications for increased osseointegration, protein interaction and antibacterial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kulkarni
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana SI-1000, Slovenia. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Chair of Surface Science and Corrosion, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, WW4-LKO, Erlangen, Germany
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Kalburge J, Latti B, Kalburge V, Kulkarni M. Neoplasms associated with dentigerous cyst: An insight into pathogenesis and clinicopathologic features. Arch Med Health Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.4103/2321-4848.171936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Kabula B, Tungu P, Malima R, Rowland M, Minja J, Wililo R, Ramsan M, McElroy PD, Kafuko J, Kulkarni M, Protopopoff N, Magesa S, Mosha F, Kisinza W. Distribution and spread of pyrethroid and DDT resistance among the Anopheles gambiae complex in Tanzania. Med Vet Entomol 2014; 28:244-52. [PMID: 24192019 PMCID: PMC10884793 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Revised: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The development of insecticide resistance is a threat to the control of malaria in Africa. We report the findings of a national survey carried out in Tanzania in 2011 to monitor the susceptibility of malaria vectors to pyrethroid, organophosphate, carbamate and DDT insecticides, and compare these findings with those identified in 2004 and 2010. Standard World Health Organization (WHO) methods were used to detect knock-down and mortality rates in wild female Anopheles gambiae s.l. (Diptera: Culicidae) collected from 14 sentinel districts. Diagnostic doses of the pyrethroids deltamethrin, lambdacyhalothrin and permethrin, the carbamate propoxur, the organophosphate fenitrothion and the organochlorine DDT were used. Anopheles gambiae s.l. was resistant to permethrin in Muleba, where a mortality rate of 11% [95% confidence interval (CI) 6-19%] was recorded, Muheza (mortality rate of 75%, 95% CI 66-83%), Moshi and Arumeru (mortality rates of 74% in both). Similarly, resistance was reported to lambdacyhalothrin in Muleba, Muheza, Moshi and Arumeru (mortality rates of 31-82%), and to deltamethrin in Muleba, Moshi and Muheza (mortality rates of 28-75%). Resistance to DDT was reported in Muleba. No resistance to the carbamate propoxur or the organophosphate fenitrothion was observed. Anopheles gambiae s.l. is becoming resistant to pyrethoids and DDT in several parts of Tanzania. This has coincided with the scaling up of vector control measures. Resistance may impair the effectiveness of these interventions and therefore demands close monitoring and the adoption of a resistance management strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kabula
- Amani Research Centre, National Institute for Medical Research, Ubwari, Muheza, Tanzania; Department of Parasitology and Entomology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Tumaini University, Moshi, Tanzania
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Affiliation(s)
- E Evgeniou
- Heatherwood and Wexham Park Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
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Ramya SR, Kulkarni M, Kumar GSV. Hepatitis C virus seropositivity and genotyping by RealTime PCR in a tertiary care hospital in Southern India. BMC Infect Dis 2014. [PMCID: PMC4080425 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-14-s3-p39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
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Abstract
The orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst (OOC) and odontoma are the odontogenic cyst and tumor respectively that are minimally invasive neoplasms of head and neck region. OOC is a rare variant of odontogenic cyst characterized by the presence of excessive orthokeratin covering the cystic lining. Odontoma is a benign neoplasm/hamartoma often discovered accidently on panoramic radiographs. We came across a case of a 26-year-old male with swelling on his face along with difficulty in breathing. On the basis of radiographic and histopathological findings the final diagnosis of OOC associated with odontoma was given. However, there is no report in the English literature of the simultaneous occurrence of these two lesions and hence this case is very rare. It is unclear whether the two lesions were just coincidental or were actually related to each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meena Kulkarni
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. Dnyandeo Yashwantrao Patil Dental College and Hospital, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Supriya Kheur
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. Dnyandeo Yashwantrao Patil Dental College and Hospital, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Tripti Agrawal
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. Dnyandeo Yashwantrao Patil Dental College and Hospital, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Yashwant Ingle
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. Dnyandeo Yashwantrao Patil Dental College and Hospital, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Nouzova E, Beedie S, Bheemaraddi S, Kuriakose J, Kulkarni M, Shand A, Walker N, St Clair D, Benson P. EPA-1112 - Can eye movements be used as a marker for major depression? Eur Psychiatry 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(14)78383-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Kalele K, Kheur S, Kulkarni M, Managoli N, Roopa NM, Bagul N. Assessment of collagen fiber nature, spatial distribution, hue and its correlation with invasion and metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma and surgical margins using Picro Sirius red and polarized microscope. J Dent Res Rev 2014. [DOI: 10.4103/2348-3172.126159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Kulkarni M, O'Loughlin A, Vazquez R, Mashayekhi K, Rooney P, Greiser U, O'Toole E, O'Brien T, Malagon MM, Pandit A. Use of a fibrin-based system for enhancing angiogenesis and modulating inflammation in the treatment of hyperglycemic wounds. Biomaterials 2013; 35:2001-10. [PMID: 24331702 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The complex pathophysiology of chronic ulceration in diabetic patients is poorly understood; diabetes-related lower limb amputation is a major health issue, which has limited effective treatment regimes in the clinic. This study attempted to understand the complex pathology of hyperglycemic wound healing by showing profound changes in gene expression profiles in wounded human keratinocytes in hyperglycemic conditions compared to normal glucose conditions. In the hyper-secretory wound microenvironment of hyperglycemia, Rab18, a secretory control molecule, was found to be significantly downregulated. Using a biomaterial platform for dual therapy targeting the two distinct pathways, this study aimed to resolve the major dysregulated pathways in hyperglycemic wound healing. To complement Rab18, and promote angiogenesis eNOS was also targeted, and this novel Rab18-eNOS therapy via a dynamically controlled 'fibrin-in-fibrin' delivery system, demonstrated enhanced wound closure, by increasing functional angiogenesis and reducing inflammation, in an alloxan-induced hyperglycemic preclinical ear ulcer model of compromised wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kulkarni
- Network of Excellence for Functional Biomaterials, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - A O'Loughlin
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - R Vazquez
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, and CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 14014-Cordoba, Spain
| | - K Mashayekhi
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - P Rooney
- Network of Excellence for Functional Biomaterials, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - U Greiser
- Network of Excellence for Functional Biomaterials, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland; Regenerative Medicine Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - E O'Toole
- Centre for Cutaneous Research, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - T O'Brien
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Maria M Malagon
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, and CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 14014-Cordoba, Spain
| | - A Pandit
- Network of Excellence for Functional Biomaterials, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
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Barrington J, Archer R, Kulkarni M, Forrest A. The TRT Female Remeex System®for recurrent female stress urinary incontinence: A 5-year follow-up study. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2013; 33:391-3. [DOI: 10.3109/01443615.2013.769941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Jamale TE, Hase NK, Kulkarni M, Iqbal AM, Rurali E, Kulkarni MG, Shetty P, Pradeep KJ. Hereditary ADAMTS 13 deficiency presenting as recurrent acute kidney injury. Indian J Nephrol 2012; 22:298-300. [PMID: 23162276 PMCID: PMC3495354 DOI: 10.4103/0971-4065.101257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We report here a case of 26-year-old male who presented with history of recurrent acute renal failure associated with microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia. ADAMTS 13 deficiency due to mutation in the gene encoding for ADAMTS 13 was identified as the cause. After eight episodes of acute kidney injury (AKI), patient started developing hypertension, proteinuria, and renal insufficiency. Treatment with regular monthly plasma infusions prevented further episodes of AKI and stabilized the renal function. Hypertension and proteinuria are controlled with angiotensin II receptor blockers.
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Affiliation(s)
- T E Jamale
- Department of Nephrology, Seth GS Medical College and King Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
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Kulkarni M, Kumar GV, Bhandiwad A. Eight years of prevention of parent to child transmission of HIV-AIDS programme (PPTCT) in a tertiary care hospital in India. Int J Infect Dis 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2012.05.748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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