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Resanović I, Zarić B, Radovanović J, Sudar-Milovanović E, Gluvić Z, Jevremović D, Isenović ER. Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy and Vascular Complications in Diabetes Mellitus. Angiology 2020; 71:876-885. [PMID: 32638622 DOI: 10.1177/0003319720936925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Vascular complications in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are common. Since impaired oxygen balance in plasma plays an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic DM-associated complications, the administration of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has been recommended to influence development of vascular complications. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy involves inhalation of 100% oxygen under elevated pressure from 1.6 to 2.8 absolute atmospheres in hyperbaric chambers. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy increases plasma oxygen solubility, contributing to better oxygen diffusion to distant tissues and preservation of the viability of tissues reversibly damaged by atherosclerosis-induced ischemia, along with microcirculation restoration. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy exerts antiatherogenic, antioxidant, and cardioprotective effects by altering the level and composition of plasma fatty acids and also by promoting signal transduction through membranes, which are impaired by hyperglycemia and hypoxia. In addition, HBOT affects molecules involved in the regulation of nitric oxide synthesis and in that way exerts anti-inflammatory and angiogenic effects in patients with DM. In this review, we explore the recent literature related to the effects of HBOT on DM-related vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Resanović
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, "VINČA" Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Božidarka Zarić
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, "VINČA" Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Radovanović
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, "VINČA" Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Emina Sudar-Milovanović
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, "VINČA" Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zoran Gluvić
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Zemun Clinical Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danimir Jevremović
- Faculty of Stomatology in Pancevo, University Business Academy, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Esma R Isenović
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, "VINČA" Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Kjellberg A, De Maio A, Lindholm P. Can hyperbaric oxygen safely serve as an anti-inflammatory treatment for COVID-19? Med Hypotheses 2020; 144:110224. [PMID: 33254531 PMCID: PMC7456590 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION SARS-CoV-2 affects part of the innate immune response and activates an inflammatory cascade stimulating the release of cytokines and chemokines, particularly within the lung. Indeed, the inflammatory response during COVID-19 is likely the cause for the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Patients with mild symptoms also show significant changes on pulmonary CT-scan suggestive of severe inflammatory involvement. HYPOTHESIS The overall hypothesis is that HBO2 is safe and reduces the inflammatory response in COVID-19 pneumonitis by attenuation of the innate immune system, increase hypoxia tolerance and thereby prevent organ failure and reduce mortality. EVALUATION OF THE HYPOTHESIS HBO2 is used in clinical practice to treat inflammatory conditions but has not been scientifically evaluated for COVID-19. Experimental and empirical data suggests that HBO2 may reduce inflammatory response in COVID-19. However, there are concerns regarding pulmonary safety in patients with pre-existing viral pneumonitis. EMPIRICAL DATA Anecdotes from "compassionate use" and two published case reports show promising results. CONSEQUENCES OF THE HYPOTHESIS AND DISCUSSION Small prospective clinical trials are on the way and we are conducting a randomized clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Kjellberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Antonio De Maio
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Burns and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Peter Lindholm
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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Paganini M, Bosco G, Perozzo FAG, Kohlscheen E, Sonda R, Bassetto F, Garetto G, Camporesi EM, Thom SR. The Role of Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment for COVID-19: A Review. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1289:27-35. [PMID: 32696443 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2020_568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic produced high and excessive demands for hospitalizations and equipment with depletion of critical care resources. The results of these extreme therapeutic efforts have been sobering. Further, we are months away from a robust vaccination effort, and current therapies provide limited clinical relief. Therefore, several empirical oxygenation support initiatives have been initiated with intermittent hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy to overcome the unrelenting and progressive hypoxemia during maximum ventilator support in intubated patients, despite high FiO2. Overall, few patients have been successfully treated in different locations across the globe. More recently, less severe patients at the edge of impending hypoxemia were exposed to HBO preventing intubation and obtaining the rapid resolution of symptoms. The few case descriptions indicate large variability in protocols and exposure frequency. This summary illustrates the biological mechanisms of action of increased O2 pressure, hoping to clarify more appropriate protocols and more useful application of HBO in COVID-19 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Paganini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Gerardo Bosco
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Filippo A G Perozzo
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Eva Kohlscheen
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Regina Sonda
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Franco Bassetto
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Enrico M Camporesi
- Teamhealth Anesthesia Attending, Emeritus Professor of Surgery, USA, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Stephen R Thom
- Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Castagna O, Bergmann C, Blatteau JE. Is a 12-h Nitrox dive hazardous for pulmonary function? Eur J Appl Physiol 2019; 119:2723-2731. [PMID: 31676994 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-019-04248-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Prolonged exposure to a high partial pressure of oxygen leads to inflammation of pulmonary tissue [pulmonary oxygen toxicity (POT)], which is associated with tracheobronchial irritation, retrosternal pain and coughing, and decreases in vital capacity (VC). The nitric oxide (NO) concentration in exhaled gas (FeNO) has been used as an indicator of POT, but the effect of SCUBA diving on FeNO has rarely been studied. The study presented here aimed to assess alterations to pulmonary function and FeNO following a 12-h dive using breathing apparatus with a relatively high partial pressure of oxygen. METHODS Six healthy, male, non-smoking military SCUBA divers were recruited (age 31.8 ± 2.7 years, height 179 ± 0.09 cm, and body weight 84.6 ± 14 kg). Each diver completed a 12-h dive using a demand-controlled semi-closed-circuit rebreather. During the 12 h of immersion, divers were subjected to 672 oxygen toxicity units (OTU). A complete pulmonary function test (PFT) was completed the day before and immediately after immersion. FeNO was measured using a Nobreath™ Quark (COSMED™, Rome, Italy), three times for each diver. The first datapoint was collected before the dive to establish the "basal state", a second was collected immediately after divers emerged from the water, and the final measurement was taken 24 h after the dive. RESULT Despite prolonged inhalation of a hyperoxic hyperbaric gas mixture, no clinical pulmonary symptoms were observed, and no major changes in pulmonary function were detected. However, a major decrease in FeNO values was observed immediately after emersion [0-12 ppb (median, 3.8 ppb)], with a return to baseline [2-60 ppb (median, 26 ppb) 24 h later (3-73 ppb (median, 24.7 ppb)]. CONCLUSION These results suggest that if the OTU remain below the recommended limit values, but does alter FeNO, this type of dive does not persistently impair lung function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Castagna
- Underwater Research Team, ERRSO, Military Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA), BP 600, 83800, Toulon Cedex 9, France. .,Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé -LAMHESS (EA 6312), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis/Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.
| | | | - Jean Eric Blatteau
- Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées, Service de Médecine Hyperbare et Expertise Plongée (Military Teaching Hospital, Hyperbaric Medicine and Diving Expertise Department), Toulon, France
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Halbach JL, Prieto JM, Wang AW, Hawisher D, Cauvi DM, Reyes T, Okerblom J, Ramirez-Sanchez I, Villarreal F, Patel HH, Bickler SW, Perdrizet GA, De Maio A. Early hyperbaric oxygen therapy improves survival in a model of severe sepsis. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2019; 317:R160-R168. [PMID: 31091156 PMCID: PMC6692752 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00083.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is a major clinical challenge, with therapy limited to supportive interventions. Therefore, the search for novel remedial approaches is of great importance. We addressed whether hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) could improve the outcome of sepsis using an acute experimental mouse model. Sepsis was induced in male CD-1 mice by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) tailored to result in 80-90% mortality within 72 h of the insult. After CLP, mice were randomized into two groups receiving HBOT or not at different times after the initial insult or subjected to multiple HBOT treatments. HBOT conditions were 98% oxygen pressurized to 2.4 atmospheres for 1 h. HBOT within 1 h after CLP resulted in 52% survival in comparison with mice that did not receive the treatment (13% survival). Multiple HBOT at 1 and 6 h or 1, 6, and 21 h displayed an increase in survival of >50%, but they were not significantly different from a single treatment after 1 h of CLP. Treatments at 6 or 21 h after CLP, excluding the 1 h of treatment, did not show any protective effect. Early HBO treatment did not modify bacterial counts after CLP, but it was associated with decreased expression of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 expression in the liver within 3 h after CLP. The decrease of cytokine expression was reproduced in cultured macrophages after exposure to HBOT. Early HBOT could be of benefit in the treatment of sepsis, and the protective mechanism may be related to a reduction in the systemic inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan L Halbach
- Department of Surgery, Naval Medical Center San Diego , San Diego, California
| | - James M Prieto
- Department of Surgery, Naval Medical Center San Diego , San Diego, California
| | - Andrew W Wang
- Department of Surgery, Naval Medical Center San Diego , San Diego, California
| | - Dennis Hawisher
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Burns, and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, California
| | - David M Cauvi
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Burns, and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, California
| | - Tony Reyes
- Univeristy of California San Diego Initiative for Maximizing Student Development Program, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, California
| | - Jonathan Okerblom
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, and Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, California
| | - Israel Ramirez-Sanchez
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, California
| | - Francisco Villarreal
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, California
| | - Hemal H Patel
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, and Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, California
| | - Stephen W Bickler
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Rady Children's Hospital , San Diego, California
| | - George A Perdrizet
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, California
| | - Antonio De Maio
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Burns, and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, California
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, California
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Resanovic I, Gluvic Z, Zaric B, Sudar-Milovanovic E, Jovanovic A, Milacic D, Isakovic R, Isenovic ER. Early Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen on Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity/Expression in Lymphocytes of Type 1 Diabetes Patients: A Prospective Pilot Study. Int J Endocrinol 2019; 2019:2328505. [PMID: 30755771 PMCID: PMC6348926 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2328505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed at examining the early effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity/expression in lymphocytes of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients. A group of 19 patients (mean age: 63 ± 2.1) with T1DM and with the peripheral arterial disease were included in this study. Patients were exposed to 10 sessions of HBOT in the duration of 1 h to 100% oxygen inhalation at 2.4 ATA. Blood samples were collected for the plasma C-reactive protein (CRP), plasma free fatty acid (FFA), serum nitrite/nitrate, and serum arginase activity measurements. Expression of iNOS and phosphorylation of p65 subunit of nuclear factor-κB (NFκB-p65), extracellular-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2), and protein kinase B (Akt) were examined in lymphocyte lysates by Western blot. After exposure to HBOT, plasma CRP and FFA were significantly decreased (p < 0.001). Protein expression of iNOS and serum nitrite/nitrate levels were decreased (p < 0.01), while serum arginase activity was increased (p < 0.05) versus before exposure to HBOT. Increased phosphorylation of NFκB-p65 at Ser536 (p < 0.05) and decreased level of NFκB-p65 protein (p < 0.001) in lymphocytes of T1DM patients were observed after HBOT. Decreased phosphorylation of ERK1/2 (p < 0.05) and Akt (p < 0.05) was detected after HBOT. Our results indicate that exposure to HBO decreased iNOS activity/expression via decreasing phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and Akt followed by decreased activity of NFκB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Resanovic
- Institute of Nuclear Sciences Vinca, University of Belgrade, Laboratory of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zoran Gluvic
- Clinic for Internal Medicine, Zemun Clinical Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bozidarka Zaric
- Institute of Nuclear Sciences Vinca, University of Belgrade, Laboratory of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Emina Sudar-Milovanovic
- Institute of Nuclear Sciences Vinca, University of Belgrade, Laboratory of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Jovanovic
- Institute of Nuclear Sciences Vinca, University of Belgrade, Laboratory of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Davorka Milacic
- Department of Hyperbaric Medicine, Zemun Clinical Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Radmilo Isakovic
- Department of Hyperbaric Medicine, Zemun Clinical Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Esma R. Isenovic
- Institute of Nuclear Sciences Vinca, University of Belgrade, Laboratory of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, Belgrade, Serbia
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Polzik P, Johansson PI, Hyldegaard O. How biomarkers reflect the prognosis and treatment of necrotising soft tissue infections and the effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy: the protocol of the prospective cohort PROTREAT study conducted at a tertiary hospital in Copenhagen, Denmark. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e017805. [PMID: 28982834 PMCID: PMC5640072 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Not enough is known regarding the prognosis and treatment of necrotising soft tissue infections (NSTIs). Mortality has been shown to be 25%-35%, with survivors coping with amputations and prolonged rehabilitation. This study will evaluate soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) as a possible prognostic marker of NSTI severity and mortality, as well as whether hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) can modulate markers of endothelial damage during NSTI. We hypothesise that in patients with NSTI, suPAR can provide prognostic risk assessment on hospital admission and that HBOT can reduce the endothelial damage that these patients are exposed to. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This is a prospective observational study. Biomarkers will be measured in 150 patients who have been diagnosed with NSTI. On admission, baseline blood samples will be obtained. Following surgery and HBOT, daily blood samples will be obtained in order to measure endothelial and prognostic biomarkers (soluble thrombomodulin, syndecan-1, sE-selectin, vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin, protein C and suPAR levels). Clinical data will be acquired during the first 7 days of stay in the intensive care unit. The primary outcomes in studies I and II will be endothelial biomarker levels after HBOT, and in study III suPAR levels as a marker of disease prognosis and severity. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study has been approved by the Regional Scientific Ethical Committee of Copenhagen (H-16021845) and the Danish Data Protection Agency (RH-2016-199). Results will be presented at national and international conferences and published in peer-reviewed scientific journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03147352. (Pre-results).
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Polzik
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center of Head and Orthopedics, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Pär I Johansson
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ole Hyldegaard
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center of Head and Orthopedics, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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Rech FV, Fagundes ALN, Simões RS, Florencio-Silva R, Sasso GRDS, Taha MO, Fagundes DJ. Action of hyperbaric oxygenation in the rat skin flap. Acta Cir Bras 2015; 30:235-41. [PMID: 25923255 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020150040000001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the morphology, necrotic area and collagen content in skin flaps of rats subjected to hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO). METHODS Forty adult rats were divided into four groups: GEC - epilated; GE/HBO - epilated subjected to HBO; GER - epilated submitted to skin flap (2 cm in width /8 cm length in the dorsal area) and GER/HBO - epilated, subjected to skin flap and HBO. HBO (2.4 ATA) was performed for two hours during seven consecutive days. In the eighth day, the rats were anesthetized and the skin flaps were removed and separated into three portions, relative to pedicle fixation. The material fixed in 10% formalin was processed for paraffin embedding; sections were stained by H.E and subjected to picrosirius-red method. The slides examined under light microscopy for evaluation of the collagen content in polarized light microscope and ImageLab(r) software (Bio-Rad). RESULTS The data showed larger area of necrosis and lower levels of collagen in the three regions of the GER group, whereas in the GER/HBO group the collagen content was similar to the GEC and GE/HBO groups. CONCLUSION Hyperbaric oxygenation reduced the area of necrosis and preserved the morphology and collagen content in skin flaps of rats.
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Fractionation of nitrogenous compounds from water extracts of doenjang and their physiological activities. Food Sci Biotechnol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-014-0072-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Abstract
This article outlines the therapeutic mechanisms of hyperbaric oxygenation in acute stroke, based on information obtained from peer-reviewed medical literature. Hyperbaric oxygen is an approved treatment modality for ischemia-reperfusion injury in several conditions. It maintains the viability of the marginal tissue, reduces the mitochondrial dysfunction, metabolic penumbra, and blocks inflammatory cascades observed in acute stroke. Basic and clinical data suggest that hyperbaric oxygen could be a safe and effective treatment option in the management of acute stroke. Further work is needed to clarify its clinical utility when applied within the treatment window of "gold standard" treatments (<3-5 hours).
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Hypothermia attenuates NO production in anesthetized rats with endotoxemia. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2014; 387:659-65. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-014-0977-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Baumwart CA, Doherty TJ, Schumacher J, Willis RS, Adair HS, Rohrbach BW. Effects of hyperbaric oxygen treatment on horses with experimentally induced endotoxemia. Am J Vet Res 2011; 72:1266-75. [DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.72.9.1266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Avtan SM, Kaya M, Orhan N, Arslan A, Arican N, Toklu AS, Gürses C, Elmas I, Kucuk M, Ahishali B. The effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on blood–brain barrier permeability in septic rats. Brain Res 2011; 1412:63-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2011.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2011] [Revised: 07/07/2011] [Accepted: 07/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Edwards ML. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Part 2: application in disease. J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) 2010; 20:289-97. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-4431.2010.00535_1.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Everson CA, Thalacker CD, Hogg N. Phagocyte migration and cellular stress induced in liver, lung, and intestine during sleep loss and sleep recovery. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2008; 295:R2067-74. [PMID: 18945949 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.90623.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Sleep is understood to possess recuperative properties and, conversely, sleep loss is associated with disease and shortened life span. Despite these critical attributes, the mechanisms and functions by which sleep and sleep loss impact health still are speculative. One of the most consistent, if largely overlooked, signs of sleep loss in both humans and laboratory rats is a progressive increase in circulating phagocytic cells, mainly neutrophils. The destination, if any, of the increased circulating populations has been unknown and, therefore, its medical significance has been uncertain. The purpose of the present experiment was to determine the content and location of neutrophils in liver and lung tissue of sleep-deprived rats. These are two principal sites affected by neutrophil migration during systemic inflammatory illness. The content of neutrophils in the intestine also was determined. Sleep deprivation in rats was produced for 5 and 10 days by the Bergmann-Rechtschaffen disk method, which has been validated for its high selectivity under freely moving conditions and which was tolerated and accompanied by a deep negative energy balance. Comparison groups included basal conditions and 48 h of sleep recovery after 10 days of sleep loss. Myeloperoxidase (MPO), an enzyme constituent of neutrophils, was extracted from liver, lung, and intestinal tissues, and its activity was determined by spectrophotometry. Leukocytes were located in vasculature and interstitial spaces in the liver and the lung by immunohistochemistry. Heme oxygenase-1, also known as heat shock protein-32 and a marker of cellular stress, and corticosterone also were measured. The results indicate neutrophil migration into extravascular liver and lung tissue concurrent with cell stress and consistent with tissue injury or infection induced by sleep loss. Plasma corticosterone was unchanged. Recovery sleep was marked by increased lung heme oxygenase-1, increased intestinal MPO activity, and abnormally low corticosterone, suggesting ongoing reactive processes as a result of prior sleep deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol A Everson
- Department of Neurology, The Medical College of Wisconsin, Neurology Research 151, VAMC, 5000 West National Ave., Milwaukee, WI 53295, USA.
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Soluble TNFR II/IgG1 Fc fusion protein treatment in the LPS-mediated septic shock of rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2008; 63:537-42. [PMID: 18848768 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2008.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2008] [Accepted: 08/24/2008] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is thought to play a major role in systemic inflammation associated with sepsis. A potent TNF antagonist, a recombinant fusion protein that consists of the soluble TNF receptor (p75) linked to the Fc portion of human IgG1 (sTNFR II/IgG1 Fc fusion protein, sTNFR:Fc), has been shown to provide rapid and sustained improvement in local inflammation diseases by binding TNF-alpha and preventing its proinflammatory activities. To explore the potential therapeutic efficacy for septic shock of sTNFR:Fc, we investigate the effect of this molecule on the survival rate, blood pressure, serum TNF-alpha bioactivity as well as the expression of TNF-alpha at mRNA level in the liver in a LPS-induced rat septic shock model. Blood pressure of the rats was monitored by multi-channel creature signal analysis system. Serum TNF-alpha level and bioactivity was assessed using an enzyme-linked immunoassay and a L929 cytotoxicity assay, respectively. The expression of TNF-alpha mRNA in liver was examined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. sTNFR:Fc administered to rats 24h before LPS challenge ablated the rise in serum TNF-alpha bioactivity that occurs in response to LPS and protected against hypotension and death. These results indicate that TNF-alpha is a mediator of fatal septic shock, and suggest that sTNFR:Fc offer a potential therapy of systemic infection.
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Calvert TJ, Chicoine LG, Liu Y, Nelin LD. Deficiency of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 results in iNOS-mediated hypotension in response to low-dose endotoxin. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2008; 294:H1621-9. [PMID: 18281381 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.01008.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1) is essential in limiting the proinflammatory response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We hypothesized that Mkp-1(-/-) mice would respond to low-dose LPS with a fall in blood pressure due to augmented expression of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS). To test this hypothesis, Mkp-1(-/-) mice and their wild-type littermates were treated with 10 microg/kg iv LPS, and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and exhaled NO production (exNO) were measured. Tissues were harvested for an assessment of iNOS protein levels. Wild-type mice had no change in MAP or exNO during the experimental period, whereas Mkp-1(-/-) mice had a fall (P < 0.005) in MAP [79 +/- 5% of baseline (BL)] and an increase (P < 0.01) in exNO (266 +/- 50% of BL) after 150 min. The tissue levels of iNOS were greater in Mkp-1(-/-) than in wild-type mice. In additional experiments, 60 min after LPS treatment, Mkp-1(-/-) and wild-type mice were given N(omega)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) or aminoguanidine, and MAP and exNO were monitored for 90 min. Treatment with l-NAME prevented the LPS-induced increase in exNO and decrease in MAP but resulted in decreased exNO and elevated MAP in wild-type mice. Aminoguanidine prevented the increase in exNO and the fall in MAP caused by LPS in Mkp-1(-/-) mice, without significantly affecting MAP or exNO in wild-type mice. These results demonstrate that a deficiency of MKP-1 results in an exaggerated hypotensive response to LPS mediated by augmented iNOS expression. We speculate that defects in the Mkp-1 gene may increase susceptibility for the development of septic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Calvert
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
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19
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Hyperbaric oxygenation reduces overexpression of c-Fos and oxidative stress in the brain stem of experimental endotoxemic rats. Intensive Care Med 2008; 34:1122-32. [PMID: 18193191 DOI: 10.1007/s00134-007-0986-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2007] [Accepted: 11/29/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Septic encephalopathy is associated with an increased mortality rate in septic patients. We have previously shown that a peripheral lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection induces neuronal activation in the brain-stem nuclei of rats. Nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide are involved in LPS-induced brain damage. Hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) provides protective effects against systemic oxidative stress and mortality in animals with septic shock. We examined the effects of HBO on neuronal activation and oxidative stress in the brain-stem nuclei of LPS-treated rats. DESIGN AND INTERVENTIONS Wistar rats were randomly distributed into six groups for the following treatments:(a) normal saline injection (NS); (b) HBO; (c) LPS; (d) LPS-HBO; (e) LPS-aminoguanidine (AG, an inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase); or (f) hydralazine (HYD, a direct vasodilator). The HYD induces prolonged hypotension and was used as a comparison for LPS stimulation. The AG was used as a comparison for HBO treatment. Two HBO sessions were administered, 1 and 4[Symbol: see text]h after LPS. RESULTS HBO and AG significantly reversed the overproduction of c-Fos induced by LPS in the brain stems of rats, with greater reversal in the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) by HBO. Although AG did not reduce the superoxide level, HBO significantly abolished superoxide production and NADPH diaphorase expression in the brain stems of LPS-treated rats. The HYD induced much lower c-Fos expression in the brain-stem nuclei than that in LPS-treated animals and caused no significant increase in NADPH diaphorase expression or superoxide formation. CONCLUSION HBO protects against endotoxin-related neuronal activation and oxidative stress in the brain-stem nuclei of rats.
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Chu SJ, Li MH, Hsu CW, Tsai SH, Lin SH, Huang KL. Influence of hyperbaric oxygen on tumor necrosis factor-α and nitric oxide production in endotoxin-induced acute lung injury in rats. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2007; 20:684-90. [PMID: 17049893 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2006.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2006] [Revised: 08/09/2006] [Accepted: 08/11/2006] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatment alleviated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury in rats. However, the mechanisms responsible for the protective effect are still not fully understood. To obtain further information on the protective effect of HBO, in this study we investigated the role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and nitric oxide (NO) in intratracheal spraying LPS-induced acute lung injury in rats after HBO or hyperoxia treatment. The results showed that HBO but not hyperoxia attenuated the TNF-alpha level in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, NO concentration in BAL and plasma, and inducible NO synthase protein expression in lung tissue based on the Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Jye Chu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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21
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Abstract
Peripheral nerves are essential connections between the central nervous system and muscles, autonomic structures and sensory organs. Their injury is one of the major causes for severe and longstanding impairment in limb function. Acute peripheral nerve lesion has an important inflammatory component and is considered as ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Surgical repair has been the standard of care in peripheral nerve lesion. It has reached optimal technical development but the end results still remain unpredictable and complete functional recovery is rare. Nevertheless, nerve repair is not primarily a mechanical problem and microsurgery is not the only key to success. Lately, there have been efforts to develop alternatives to nerve graft. Work has been carried out in basal lamina scaffolds, biologic and non-biologic structures in combination with neurotrophic factors and/or Schwann cells, tissues, immunosuppressive agents, growth factors, cell transplantation, principles of artificial sensory function, gene technology, gangliosides, implantation of microchips, hormones, electromagnetic fields and hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO). HBO appears to be a beneficial adjunctive treatment for surgical repair in the acute peripheral nerve lesion, when used at lower pressures and in a timely fashion (<6 hours).
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Affiliation(s)
- E Cuauhtemoc Sanchez
- Hyperbaric Medicine Department, Hospital Angeles del Pedregal, Mexico, DF, Mexico.
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22
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Puthucheary ZA, Liu J, Bennett M, Trytko B, Chow S, Thomas PS. Exhaled nitric oxide is decreased by exposure to the hyperbaric oxygen therapy environment. Mediators Inflamm 2007; 2006:72620. [PMID: 17392577 PMCID: PMC1657071 DOI: 10.1155/mi/2006/72620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) detects airway inflammation. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT)
is used for tissue hypoxia, but can cause lung damage. We measured eNO following
inhalation of oxygen at different tensions and pressures. Methods. Part 1, eNO was
measured before and after HBOT. Part 2, normal subjects breathed 40% oxygen. Results.
Baseline eNO levels in patients prior to HBOT exposure were significantly higher than in
normal subjects (P < .05). After HBOT, eNO significantly decreased in patients (15.4 ± 2.0 versus 4.4 ± 0.5 ppb, P < .001), but not in normal subjects, after either 100% O2 at increased pressure
or 40% oxygen, 1 ATA. In an in vitro study, nitrate/nitrite release decreased after 90 minutes
HBOT in airway epithelial (A549) cells. Conclusion. HBO exposure causes a fall in eNO.
Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) may cause elevated eNO in patients secondary to
inflammation, and inhibition of iNOS may be the mechanism of the reduction of eNO seen
with HBOT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zudin A. Puthucheary
- UNSW and Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Jia Liu
- UNSW and Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Michael Bennett
- Hyperbaric Unit, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Barbara Trytko
- Hyperbaric Unit, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Sharron Chow
- UNSW and Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Paul S. Thomas
- UNSW and Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
- *Paul S. Thomas:
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Chang KY, Tsai PS, Huang TY, Wang TY, Yang S, Huang CJ. HO-1 Mediates the Effects of HBO Pretreatment Against Sepsis. J Surg Res 2006; 136:143-53. [PMID: 16930622 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2006.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2006] [Revised: 05/09/2006] [Accepted: 06/06/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have recently shown that attenuation of sepsis-induced lung injury by hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) pretreatment involves expression regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and heme oxygenase (HO)-1. This study was performed to determine the effects of HBO pretreatment on acute kidney and liver injuries in septic rats and the roles of iNOS and HO-1. MATERIALS AND METHODS One group of adult male rats (n = 48) were pretreated with HBO. The other group of rats (n = 48) breathed air at normal atmospheric pressure instead. Rats in each group were randomly allocated to receive injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), normal saline (N/S), LPS plus hemin (a HO-1 inducer), hemin, LPS plus SnPP (a HO-1 inhibitor), SnPP, LPS plus hemin plus SnPP, or hemin plus SnPP. Hemin and SnPP were injected at 1 h before HBO or air pretreatment. Rats were maintained for 6 h before sacrifice. RESULTS LPS caused prominent kidney and liver injuries as well as iNOS and HO-1 expression in stimulated rats. HBO pretreatment significantly attenuated LPS-induced kidney but not liver injury. However, in conjunction with hemin (a HO-1 inducer), HBO pretreatment did attenuate LPS-induced liver injury. In addition, the inhibition of iNOS expression by HBO pretreatment was associated with "super-induction" (i.e., further enhancement) of LPS-induced HO-1 expression. Furthermore, the therapeutic effect of HBO could be counteracted by SnPP (a HO-1 inhibitor). CONCLUSIONS HBO pretreatment significantly attenuates LPS-induced acute organ injuries in septic rats. The beneficial effect of HBO pretreatment against sepsis is mediated, at least in part, by "super-induction" of HO-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Yu Chang
- Department of Orthopedics, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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24
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Oter S, Radermacher P, Matejovic M. Can (hyperbaric) oxygen turn off the motor of multiorgan dysfunction? Intensive Care Med 2006; 32:1694-6. [PMID: 17013612 DOI: 10.1007/s00134-006-0379-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2006] [Accepted: 08/11/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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25
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Oter S, Korkmaz A, Topal T, Ozcan O, Sadir S, Ozler M, Ogur R, Bilgic H. Correlation between hyperbaric oxygen exposure pressures and oxidative parameters in rat lung, brain, and erythrocytes. Clin Biochem 2005; 38:706-11. [PMID: 15904909 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2005.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2004] [Revised: 03/20/2005] [Accepted: 04/13/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The oxygen toxicity risk of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatment has long been of interest. However, there are no comprehensive articles describing the relationship between HBO protocols and oxidative parameters used clinically. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of various HBO pressure modalities on the oxidative values of rat lung, brain, and erythrocytes. DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 64 male Sprague-Dawley rats was randomly divided into 7 groups. Group A was used as a control. Groups C to G were subjected to 100% oxygen at a pressure of 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3 ATA (atmosphere absolute), respectively, for 2 h. Group B was exposed to normal atmospheric air at 3 ATA for the same duration. The rat's lung, brain, and blood were taken immediately after the exposure and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were determined. RESULTS Both TBARS levels and SOD activity increased concordantly with the pressure increase. Although a statistically significant change in TBARS levels started from 100% oxygen exposure at 1 ATA (normobaric), SOD activity was affected after 2 ATA. A significant correlation exists between exposure pressure and the aforementioned parameters. Ambient air exposure at 3 ATA did not affect any parameters besides the brain TBARS levels. CONCLUSIONS It is clear that HBO exposure causes oxidative stress. The main reason for this effect seems to be exposure to pure oxygen, since pure high pressure has no significant effect on the aforementioned parameters. However, clinicians should use as low pressures as possible since all oxidative parameters appear to be directly proportional to the extent of HBO exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukru Oter
- Gülhane Military Medical Academy, Department of Physiology, GATA-Fizyoloji Anabilim Dali, 06018-Etlik Ankara, Turkey.
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Huang TY, Tsai PS, Wang TY, Huang CL, Huang CJ. Hyperbaric oxygen attenuation of lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury involves heme oxygenase-1. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2005; 49:1293-301. [PMID: 16146466 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.2005.00812.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) attenuates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury. This beneficial effect of HBO involves inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression and subsequent nitric oxide (NO) biosynthesis. We sought to investigate the role of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) on this HBO inhibition of iNOS induction and acute lung injury in septic rat lungs. METHODS Before the experiment, 72 rats were randomly allocated to receive HBO or air treatment. With or without HBO pre-treatment, the rats were further divided into the following subgroups (n = 6): (i) LPS injection, (ii) normal saline (N/S) injection, (iii) hemin (a HO-1 inducer) plus LPS, (iv) hemin alone, (v) tin protoporphyrin (SnPP; a HO-1 inhibitor) plus LPS, and (vi) SnPP alone. All rats were maintained for 6 h and then sacrificed with a high-dose pentobarbital injection. Lung injuries and relevant enzymes expression were thus assayed. RESULTS Histological analysis, PMNs/alveoli ratio, and wet/dry weight ratio measurements demonstrated that LPS caused significant lung injury and HBO and/or hemin significantly attenuated this LPS-induced lung injury. Increased pulmonary iNOS expression and NO production were associated with lung injury. Induction of HO-1, by HBO and/or hemin, significantly attenuated this LPS-induced iNOS expression and acute lung injury. SnPP, on the contrary, offset the effects of HBO and worsened the LPS-induced lung injury. CONCLUSIONS HBO may act through inhibiting pulmonary iNOS expression to attenuate LPS-induced acute lung injury in septic rats. Furthermore, this HBO attenuation of iNOS expression involves HO-1 induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- T-Y Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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27
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Oter S, Edremitlioglu M, Korkmaz A, Coskun O, Kilic D, Kisa U, Yaren H, Bilgic H. Effects of hyperbaric oxygen treatment on liver functions, oxidative status and histology in septic rats. Intensive Care Med 2005; 31:1262-8. [PMID: 16034622 DOI: 10.1007/s00134-005-2701-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2005] [Accepted: 05/27/2005] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The liver is thought to be responsible for multiple organ failure during sepsis. Increase in tissue oxygen consumption is a major component of the septic response. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy provides more oxygenation in the whole body. This study examined the effect of HBO alone or in combination with cefepime (CEF) on the liver in septic rats. DESIGN AND INTERVENTIONS We divided 90 male rats into six groups; control, HBO, sepsis (SEP), SEP+HBO, SEP+CEF, and SEP+CEF+HBO. Sepsis was induced with an intraperitoneal injection of Escherichia coli (2.1 x 10(9) cfu). A total of six HBO sessions were performed at 2 atm absolute for 90 min at 6-h intervals. CEF was administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 50 mg/kg twice daily. Animals were killed 48 h after sepsis induction. Their liver and blood were removed for biochemical and histopathological analysis. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS Liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substances as well as serum alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase and alkaline phosphatase levels increased while the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase decreased significantly in septic rats. These parameters returned to nearly control levels in the SEP+CEF+HBO group. Histological observations supported these findings: Hepatocellular degeneration was observed and intensive polymorphonuclear cell infiltration appeared in all fields of septic animal livers. HBO alone could not sufficiently reverse these histopathological changes, but most liver sections presented normal histology when it was combined with CEF. CONCLUSIONS HBO may be a useful adjuvant therapy modality to improve the efficacy of sepsis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukru Oter
- Department of Physiology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Etlik, 06018 Ankara, Turkey.
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28
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Lin HC, Wan FJ, Wu CC, Tung CS, Wu TH. Hyperbaric oxygen protects against lipopolysaccharide-stimulated oxidative stress and mortality in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2005; 508:249-54. [PMID: 15680278 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2004] [Revised: 12/07/2004] [Accepted: 12/10/2004] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Free radicals and proinflammatory mediators have been implicated in the pathogenesis of endotoxic shock, a disease with high mortality caused by Gram-negative bacterial endotoxin. Hyperbaric oxygen is used as an adjuvant therapy for various inflammatory diseases and shows beneficial effects in lipopolysaccharide-induced shock syndrome. However, the underlying mechanisms for these effects are still to be defined. In this study, we investigated the effect of hyperbaric oxygen on inflammatory mediators, free radicals, and mortality in endotoxic rats. Wistar-Kyoto rats were injected with lipopolysaccharide (10 mg/kg) and then exposed to aminoguanidine, an inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (bolus injection 2 h after lipopolysaccharide), or hyperbaric oxygen (2 ATA for 60 min 1, 4, 9, and 24 h after lipopolysaccharide). Plasma tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), NO, and superoxide anion were detected and the vasorelaxation response and survival rate were assessed. The results demonstrated that increases in plasma TNF-alpha and NO, and the vasohyporeactivity induced by lipopolysaccharide treatment were significantly inhibited by hyperbaric oxygen and aminoguanidine. Mortality and vascular superoxide anion production of lipopolysaccharide treatment were also markedly reduced by hyperbaric oxygen treatment, but were not restored by aminoguanidine. None of the parameters was changed by hyperbaric oxygen treatment alone. Thus, repeated hyperbaric oxygen exposure significantly attenuated the inflammatory mediators, free radicals, and mortality in endotoxic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ching Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, P.O. Box 90048-504, Taipei 114, Taipei, Taiwan
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Sakoda M, Ueno S, Kihara K, Arikawa K, Dogomori H, Nuruki K, Takao S, Aikou T. A potential role of hyperbaric oxygen exposure through intestinal nuclear factor-kappaB. Crit Care Med 2004; 32:1722-9. [PMID: 15286550 DOI: 10.1097/01.ccm.0000132898.27101.6c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent studies have demonstrated the therapeutic effectiveness and pharmacologic mechanisms of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in the treatment of a systemic shock state. To elucidate the in vivo role of HBOT during sepsis, we evaluated the effects of HBOT on intestinal mucosal injury and bacterial translocation after lipopolysaccharide challenge. DESIGN Experimental study. SETTING First Department of Surgery and Division of Emergency Care, Kagoshima University School of Medicine, Kagoshima, Japan. SUBJECTS : Male rats were treated with lipopolysaccharide by an intraperitoneal route or with lipopolysaccharide and HBOT. INTERVENTIONS The survival rate, small intestinal tissue damage, and bacterial translocation in the HBOT-treated group were compared with those in the untreated group. Moreover, plasma tumor necrosis factor-alpha and nitrite/nitrate concentrations, inducible nitric oxide synthase and myeloperoxidase activities, and nuclear factor-kappaB in ileal mucosa were investigated. HBOT was initiated 3 hrs after lipopolysaccharide challenge and administered as 100% oxygen, at 2.53 x 10 kPa (2.5 atm absolute), for 60 mins. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS When a sublethal dose of lipopolysaccharide (24 mg/kg) was given, the survival rate was much better in the HBOT-treated group (75%) than in the untreated group (33%). HBOT given 3 hrs after lipopolysaccharide injection (10 mg/kg) also lessened the histologic tissue damage of the terminal ileum and the incidence and magnitude of bacterial translocation to mesenteric lymph nodes at 24 hrs after the lipopolysaccharide injection. Moreover, HBOT was able to reduce mucosal inducible nitric oxide synthase and myeloperoxidase activities and plasma nitrite/nitrate concentrations but not serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha concentrations. Immunohistochemical examination revealed that HBOT specifically modified the mucosal nuclear factor-kappaB activation within 4-6 hrs after the injection. CONCLUSIONS HBOT performed 3 hrs after lipopolysaccharide challenge alleviates intestinal barrier dysfunction and improves survival rates. Herein, we propose one possible mechanism for these beneficial effects: HBOT can modify the nuclear factor-kappaB activation in the intestinal mucosa and attenuate the sequential nitric oxide overproduction and myeloperoxidase activation. Consequently, bacterial translocation could be potentially decreased. We believe that the present study should lead to an improved understanding of HBOT's potential role in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiko Sakoda
- First Department of Surgery, Kagoshima University School of Medicine, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
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