1
|
Shen TH, Wu CH, Lee YW, Chang CC. Prevalence, trends, and characteristics of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease among the US population aged 12-79 years. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 36:636-645. [PMID: 38477858 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000002741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Clinical observation revealed an increase in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) prevalence among adults and adolescents and young adults (AYA). However, its prevalence trend in specific subgroups and its characteristics are unclear. APPROACH AND RESULTS This cross-sectional study included adults and AYA aged 20-79 and 12-19 years, respectively, from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999 to 2018. MASLD was defined as US Fatty Liver Index ≥30 in adults and alanine amino transaminase elevation and obesity in AYA. Joinpoint and logistic regression were used to evaluate the MASLD prevalence trend and its associated characteristics. MASLD was diagnosed in 17 156 892 of 51 109 914 (33.6%) adults and 1 705 586 of 29 278 666 AYA (5.8%). During the study period, MASLD prevalence significantly increased from 30.8% to 37.7% ( P < 0.01) in adults and in subgroups of female participants, individuals aged 20-45 and 61-79 years, and non-Hispanic white individuals. Conversely, MASLD prevalence did not significantly change in AYA (from 5.1% to 5.2%, P = 0.139), except in the subgroup of Mexican Americans (from 8.2% to 10.8%, P = 0.01). Among adults, high MASLD prevalence was associated with male sex, Mexican American ethnicity, age >50 years, being unmarried, poverty income ratio <130, poor or fair health condition, obesity or overweight, and chronic conditions. Among AYA, high MASLD prevalence was associated with male sex, poverty income ratio <130, and education. CONCLUSION Accordingly, we concluded that health care providers should prevent and treat conditions associated with MASLD by raising awareness of the increasing trend of MASLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Hua Shen
- Social and Administrative Pharmacy Program, Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health System, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University
| | - Chung-Hsuen Wu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University
| | - Yuan-Wen Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Medical University Hospital
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University
| | - Chun-Chao Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University
- TMU Research Center for Digestive Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mandal B, Das R, Mondal S. Anthocyanins: Potential phytochemical candidates for the amelioration of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. ANNALES PHARMACEUTIQUES FRANÇAISES 2024; 82:373-391. [PMID: 38354975 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2024.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is described by too much hepatic fat deposition causing steatosis, which further develops into nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), defined by necroinflammation and fibrosis, progressing further to hepatic cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver failure. NAFLD is linked to different aspects of the metabolic syndrome like obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, and its pathogenesis involves several elements including diet, obesity, disruption of lipid homeostasis, and a high buildup of triglycerides and other lipids in liver cells. It is therefore linked to an increase in the susceptibility to developing diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Several interventions exist regarding its management, but the availability of natural sources through diet will be a benefit in dealing with the disorder due to the immensely growing dependence of the population worldwide on natural sources owing to their ability to treat the root cause of the disease. Anthocyanins (ACNs) are naturally occurring polyphenolic pigments that exist in the form of glycosides, which are the glucosides of anthocyanidins and are produced from flavonoids via the phenyl propanoid pathway. To understand their mode of action in NAFLD and their therapeutic potential, the literature on in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials on naturally occurring ACN-rich sources was exhaustively reviewed. It was concluded that ACNs show their potential in the treatment of NAFLD through their antioxidant properties and their efficacy to control lipid metabolism, glucose homeostasis, transcription factors, and inflammation. This led to the conclusion that ACNs possess efficacy in the amelioration of NAFLD and the various features associated with it. However, additional clinical trials are required to justify the potential of ACNs in NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bitasta Mandal
- School of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Adamas University, Kolkata 700126, India.
| | - Rakesh Das
- School of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Adamas University, Kolkata 700126, India.
| | - Sandip Mondal
- School of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Adamas University, Kolkata 700126, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zahoor F, Saeed NUS, Javed S, Sadiq HZ, Mand Khan F, Haider M, Shafqat MN, Maqbool A, Chaudhry A. Association of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease/Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Pakistan. Cureus 2023; 15:e47240. [PMID: 38021965 PMCID: PMC10654449 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.47240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels, insulin resistance, and relative insulin deficiency. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the term used to describe fatty liver (steatosis) in individuals without a history of significant alcohol intake. MASLD is progressively known as the leading cause of chronic liver disease. Dietary factors, a significant risk factor for developing T2DM and cardiovascular disease, also contribute to MASLD development. The risk of developing MASLD increases with age, particularly in patients with diabetes mellitus. This risk is notably elevated among South Asians due to their higher incidence of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Importantly, MASLD is acknowledged as a component of the metabolic syndrome, with insulin resistance playing a central role in its development. Objective To determine the association between MASLD and T2DM in patients presenting at a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. Methodology This case-control study was conducted for one year in a tertiary care hospital in Gujranwala, Pakistan. A total of 380 patients were enrolled through convenient sampling and were analyzed according to two groups: those with diabetes (case) and those without diabetes (control). All participants were assessed for serum aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels and underwent abdominal ultrasound to determine hepatic fibrosis. A diagnosis of MASLD was made only in the presence of hepatic steatosis with AST and ALT values of more than 40 IU. The odds ratio (OR) was calculated, and stratified analysis was conducted according to gender, age, and BMI. A p-value of ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results In our study, 55.53% of patients were male, while 44.47% were female. The average BMI (±SD) of the patients was 23.66±3.08 kg/m2. Among the cases group, the MASLD was noted in 91 (47.9%) patients, while among the controls group, the MASLD was noted in 64 (33.7%) patients with a statistically significant OR of 1.810 (1.19-2.74). Conclusion In conclusion, MASLD is significantly associated with T2DM, regardless of gender and BMI of patients. We recommend screening T2DM patients for the presence of MASLD at regular intervals to prevent hazardous consequences of MASLD in adult populations, particularly those with features of metabolic syndrome. Further larger-scale studies investigating the impact of T2DM on MASLD are required to reduce morbidity and decrease disease burden, especially in prevalent areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faizan Zahoor
- Department of Medicine, Allied Teaching Hospital Gujranwala, Gujranwala, PAK
| | - Najam-Us-Sehar Saeed
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Allied Teaching Hospital Gujranwala, Gujranwala, PAK
| | - Salman Javed
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Services Hospital Lahore, Lahore, PAK
| | | | - Fasih Mand Khan
- Department of Medicine, Fatima Memorial Hospital College of Medicine and Dentistry (FMHCM&D), Lahore, PAK
| | - Miqdad Haider
- Department of Family Medicine, Health Education England, Birmingham, GBR
| | - Muhammad Nabeel Shafqat
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Allied Teaching Hospital Gujranwala, Gujranwala, PAK
| | - Arman Maqbool
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Allied Teaching Hospital Gujranwala, Gujranwala, PAK
| | - Auj Chaudhry
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, PARSA Trust Clinic, Gujranwala, PAK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Monirujjaman M, Renani LB, Isesele P, Dunichand-Hoedl AR, Mazurak VC. Increased Expression of Hepatic Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD)-1 and Depletion of Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) Content following Cytotoxic Cancer Therapy Are Reversed by Dietary Fish Oil. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043547. [PMID: 36834959 PMCID: PMC9962117 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer treatment evokes impediments to liver metabolism that culminate in fatty liver. This study determined hepatic fatty acid composition and expression of genes and mediators involved in lipid metabolism following chemotherapy treatment. Female rats bearing the Ward colon tumor were administered Irinotecan (CPT-11) +5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and maintained on a control diet or a diet containing eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) + docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (2.3 g/100 g fish oil). Healthy animals provided with a control diet served as a reference group. Livers were collected one week after chemotherapy. Triacylglycerol (TG), phospholipid (PL), ten lipid metabolism genes, leptin, and IL-4 were measured. Chemotherapy increased TG content and reduced EPA content in the liver. Expression of SCD1 was upregulated by chemotherapy, while dietary fish oil downregulated its expression. Dietary fish oil down-regulated expression of the fatty acid synthesis gene FASN, while restoring the long chain fatty acid converting genes FADS2 and ELOVL2, and genes involved in mitochondrial β-oxidation (CPT1α) and lipid transport (MTTP1), to values similar to reference animals. Neither leptin nor IL-4 were affected by chemotherapy or diet. Depletion of EPA is associated with pathways evoking enhanced TG accumulation in the liver. Restoring EPA through diet may pose a dietary strategy to attenuate chemotherapy-associated impediments in liver fatty acid metabolism.
Collapse
|
5
|
Tan C, Chan KE, Ng CH, Tseng M, Syn N, Tang ASP, Chin YH, Lim WH, Tan DJH, Chew N, Ong EYH, Koh TK, Xiao J, Chee D, Valsan A, Siddiqui MS, Huang D, Noureddin M, Wijarnpreecha K, Muthiah MD. DEXA Scan Body Fat Mass Distribution in Obese and Non-Obese Individuals and Risk of NAFLD-Analysis of 10,865 Individuals. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11206205. [PMID: 36294526 PMCID: PMC9605163 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11206205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide yet predicting non-obese NAFLD is challenging. Thus, this study investigates the potential of regional fat percentages obtained by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in accurately assessing NAFLD risk. Using the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011−2018, multivariate logistic regression and marginal analysis were conducted according to quartiles of regional fat percentages, stratified by gender. A total of 23,752 individuals were analysed. Males generally showed a larger increase in marginal probabilities of NAFLD development than females, except in head fat, which had the highest predictive probabilities of non-obese NAFLD in females (13.81%, 95%CI: 10.82−16.79) but the lowest in males (21.89%, 95%CI: 20.12−23.60). Increased percent of trunk fat was the strongest predictor of both non-obese (OR: 46.61, 95%CI: 33.55−64.76, p < 0.001) and obese NAFLD (OR: 2.93, 95%CI: 2.07−4.15, p < 0.001), whereas raised percent gynoid and leg fat were the weakest predictors. Ectopic fat deposits are increased in patients with non-obese NAFLD, with greater increases in truncal fat over gynoid fat. As increased fat deposits in all body regions can increase odds of NAFLD, therapeutic intervention to decrease ectopic fat, particularly truncal fat, may decrease NAFLD risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caitlyn Tan
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Kai En Chan
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Cheng Han Ng
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Correspondence: (C.H.N.); (M.D.M.); Tel.: +65-6772-3737 (C.H.N.); +65-6772-4354 (M.D.M.)
| | - Michael Tseng
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - Nicholas Syn
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Ansel Shao Pin Tang
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Yip Han Chin
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Wen Hui Lim
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Darren Jun Hao Tan
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Nicholas Chew
- Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Elden Yen Hng Ong
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Teng Kiat Koh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Jieling Xiao
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Douglas Chee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Arun Valsan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amrita Hospital, Kochi 682041, India
| | - Mohammad Shadab Siddiqui
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - Daniel Huang
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- National University Centre for Organ Transplantation, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | | | - Karn Wijarnpreecha
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Arizona College of Medicine Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Mark D. Muthiah
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore
- National University Centre for Organ Transplantation, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Correspondence: (C.H.N.); (M.D.M.); Tel.: +65-6772-3737 (C.H.N.); +65-6772-4354 (M.D.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mei Y, Hu H, Deng L, Sun X, Tan W. Therapeutic effects of isosteviol sodium on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by regulating autophagy via Sirt1/AMPK pathway. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12857. [PMID: 35896572 PMCID: PMC9329321 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16119-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Isosteviol sodium (STVNa) is a beyerane diterpene synthesized via acid hydrolysis of stevioside, which can improve glucose and lipid metabolism in animals with diabetes. However, it remains unknown whether STVNa can exhibit a therapeutic effect on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its underlying mechanism. We hypothesize that autophagic initiation may play a key role in mediating the development of NAFLD. Herein, we assessed the effects of STVNa on NAFLD and its underlying mechanisms. The results demonstrated that STVNa treatment effectively ameliorated NAFLD in rats fed high-fat diet (HFD). Moreover, STVNa decreased the expression of inflammation-related genes and maintained a balance of pro-inflammatory cytokines in NAFLD rats. STVNa also reduced lipid accumulation in free fatty acid (FFA)-exposed LO2 cells. In addition, STVNa attenuated hepatic oxidative stress and fibrosis in NAFLD rats. Furthermore, STVNa enhanced autophagy and activated Sirtuin 1/adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (Sirt1/AMPK) pathway both in vivo and in vitro, thus attenuating intracellular lipid accumulation. In summary, STVNa could improve lipid metabolism in NAFLD by initiating autophagy via Sirt1/AMPK pathway. Therefore, STVNa may be an alternative therapeutic agent for treatment of NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Mei
- School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.,YZ Health-Tech Inc., Hengqin District, Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Hui Hu
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Liangjun Deng
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiaoou Sun
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wen Tan
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Takahashi S, Tanaka M, Higashiura Y, Mori K, Hanawa N, Ohnishi H, Furuhashi M. Prediction and validation of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by fatty liver index in a Japanese population. Endocr J 2022; 69:463-471. [PMID: 34803123 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej21-0563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty liver index (FLI) calculated by using body mass index (BMI), waist circumference and levels of γ-glutamyl transferase and triglycerides is a non-invasive predictor of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The original study in Italy showed that the cutoff level for prediction of NAFLD was FLI ≥60. However, the sex difference in FLI was not taken into consideration, and it is unclear whether the cutoff value can be applied to other races. We investigated the cutoff value of FLI for prediction of NAFLD determined by abdominal ultrasonography using receiver operating characteristic curve analyses in 14,471 Japanese subjects (men/women: 9,240/5,231; mean age: 48 ± 9 years). There was a significant interaction between sex and FLI for detection of NAFLD (p < 0.001). The cutoff values of FLI in men and women were 35.1 (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.82) and 15.6 (AUC: 0.91), respectively. When the subjects were divided by the absence and presence of obesity (BMI ≥25), there was a significant interaction between FLI and obesity for detection of NAFLD in women (p < 0.001) but not in men (p = 0.679). The cutoff values of FLI in non-obese/obese men and women were 22.6/52.6 and 11.2/33.2, respectively. In conclusion, the cutoff value of FLI for prediction of NAFLD in Japanese individuals was lower than that in the original study, and there is a significant sex difference. The simple and useful cutoff values in Japanese men and women are FLI ≥35 (non-obese/obese: 23/53) and FLI ≥16 (non-obese/obese: 11/33), respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoko Takahashi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Marenao Tanaka
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yukimura Higashiura
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kazuma Mori
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Japan Self-Defense Forces Sapporo Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Nagisa Hanawa
- Department of Health Checkup and Promotion, Keijinkai Maruyama Clinic, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Ohnishi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masato Furuhashi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kisoh K, Sugahara G, Ogawa Y, Furukawa S, Ishida Y, Okanoue T, Kohara M, Tateno C. Estimating Drug Efficacy with a Diet-Induced NASH Model in Chimeric Mice with Humanized Livers. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1647. [PMID: 34829876 PMCID: PMC8615377 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/steatohepatitis (NAFLD/NASH) is the most common liver disorder in developed countries. Although many new therapeutics for NASH are present in the drug development pipeline, there are still no approved drugs. One of the reasons that makes NASH drug development challenging is the lack of appropriate animal NASH models that resolve issues arising from inter-species differences between humans and rodents. In the present study, we developed a choline-deficient, L-amino-acid-defined, high-fat-diet (CDAHFD)-induced human NASH model using human liver chimeric mice. We demonstrated human hepatocyte injury by an elevation of plasma human alanine aminotransferase 1 in mice fed CDAHFD. Histological analysis showed that CDAHFD feeding induced similar histological changes to human NASH patients, including ballooning, inflammation, apoptosis, regeneration of human hepatocytes, and pericellular and perisinusoidal fibrosis. The chimeric mice fed CDAHFD were treated with a peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor α/δ agonist, Elafibranor. Elafibranor ameliorated steatosis, ballooning of hepatocytes, and preserved fibrosis progression. We developed a novel humanized NASH model that can elucidate pathophysiological mechanisms and predict therapeutic efficacy in human NASH. This model will be useful in exploring new drugs and biomarkers in the early stages of human NASH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keishi Kisoh
- Research and Development Department, PhoenixBio Co., Ltd., 3-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima 739-0046, Japan; (K.K.); (G.S.); (Y.O.); (S.F.); (Y.I.)
| | - Go Sugahara
- Research and Development Department, PhoenixBio Co., Ltd., 3-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima 739-0046, Japan; (K.K.); (G.S.); (Y.O.); (S.F.); (Y.I.)
| | - Yuko Ogawa
- Research and Development Department, PhoenixBio Co., Ltd., 3-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima 739-0046, Japan; (K.K.); (G.S.); (Y.O.); (S.F.); (Y.I.)
| | - Suzue Furukawa
- Research and Development Department, PhoenixBio Co., Ltd., 3-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima 739-0046, Japan; (K.K.); (G.S.); (Y.O.); (S.F.); (Y.I.)
| | - Yuji Ishida
- Research and Development Department, PhoenixBio Co., Ltd., 3-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima 739-0046, Japan; (K.K.); (G.S.); (Y.O.); (S.F.); (Y.I.)
- Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Takeshi Okanoue
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Saiseikai Suita Hospital, 1-2 Kawazonocho, Suita 564-0013, Japan;
| | - Michinori Kohara
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan;
| | - Chise Tateno
- Research and Development Department, PhoenixBio Co., Ltd., 3-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima 739-0046, Japan; (K.K.); (G.S.); (Y.O.); (S.F.); (Y.I.)
- Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chen Y, Griffiths A, Wang J, Zhang T, Song Q, Song Z. Inositol-requiring enzyme 1α links palmitate-induced mTOR activation and lipotoxicity in hepatocytes. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 319:C1130-C1140. [PMID: 33052067 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00165.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic lipotoxicity, hepatocyte dysfunction/cell death induced by saturated fatty acids (SFA), plays a central role in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Palmitate is the most abundant SFA in the circulation. In this study, via a small-scale screening of chemical inhibitors using AML12 hepatocytes, we identified mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1 (mTORC1) to be a culprit in palmitate-induced cell death in hepatocytes in that mTOR inhibition is protective against palmitate-induced cell death. The protective effect of mTORC1 inhibition is independent of autophagy induction, as autophagy inhibition failed to ablate the mTORC1 inhibitor-conferred protection. We have previously reported that the endonuclease activity of inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α), one of three canonical signaling pathways of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, was implicated in palmitate-induced cell death in hepatocytes. The continuous mechanistic investigation in this study uncovered that IRE1α is a downstream target of mTORC1 activation upon palmitate exposure and the inhibition of either its endonuclease activity or kinase activity protects against the lipotoxic effect of palmitate. Our research further revealed that protein palmitoylation is potentially involved in palmitate-induced mTORC1 activation and lipotoxicity in hepatocytes. 2-Bromopalmitate, a protein palmitoylation inhibitor, ameliorated palmitate-triggered mTORC1 activation, concomitant with the protection of lipotoxicity in hepatocytes. Collectively, our data have identified that mTORC1 and ER stress are coordinately implicated in hepatocyte cell death in response to palmitate exposure and suggest that this pathway may potentially serve as a therapeutic target for the treatment of NAFLD as well as other metabolic disorders involving lipotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingli Chen
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.,College of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Alexandra Griffiths
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Medical College and Central Hospital of Wuhan, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Department of Urology, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Song
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Zhenyuan Song
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dong X, Zhu Y, Wang S, Luo Y, Lu S, Nan F, Sun G, Sun X. Bavachinin inhibits cholesterol synthesis enzyme FDFT1 expression via AKT/mTOR/SREBP-2 pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 88:106865. [PMID: 32827918 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a progressive and chronic liver disease. No effective drug is currently approved for the treatment of NAFLD. Traditionally it is thought that pathogenesis of NAFLD develops from some imbalance in lipid control, thereby leading to hepatotoxicity and disease development. Squalene synthase (SQS), encoded by FDFT1, is a key regulator in cholesterol synthesis and thus a potential target for the treatment of NAFLD. Here we could identify bavachinin, a component from traditional Chinese medicine Fructus Psoraleae (FP), which apparently protects HepaRG cells from palmitic acid induced death, suppressing lipid accumulation and cholesterol synthesis through inhibition of FDFT1 through the AKT/mTOR/SREBP-2 pathway. Over-expression of FDFT1 abolished bavachinin (BVC) -induced inhibition of cholesterol synthesis. The data presented here suggest that bavachinin acts as a cholesterol synthesis enzyme inhibitor, and might serve as a drug for treating NAFLD in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Dong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China; Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yue Zhu
- Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, PR China
| | - Shan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China; Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yun Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China; Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Shan Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China; Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Fengwei Nan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Guibo Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China; Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Xiaobo Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China; Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sociodemographic and metabolic risk characteristics associated with metabolic weight categories in the Women's Health Initiative. Cardiovasc Endocrinol Metab 2020; 9:42-48. [PMID: 32537564 DOI: 10.1097/xce.0000000000000194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
To identify sociodemographic and metabolic correlates of weight categories in postmenopausal women. Methods The Women's Health Initiative enrolled 161 808 postmenopausal women ages 50-79. We included those free of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and with CVD risk factors and biomarkers (n = 19 412). Normal weight was defined as a BMI ≥18.5 and <25 kg/m2 and waist circumference <88 cm and overweight/obesity as a BMI ≥25 kg/m2 or waist circumference ≥88 cm. Metabolically healthy was based on <2 and metabolically unhealthy ≥2 traits: triglycerides ≥150 mg/dl, systolic blood pressure (BP) ≥130 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥85 mmHg or antihypertensives or diuretics, fasting glucose ≥100 mg/dl or diabetes medication, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol <50 mg/dl. Polytomous multinomial logistic regression with generalized link logit function provided the odds of metabolically healthy normal weight (MHNW), metabolically unhealthy normal weight (MUHNW), metabolically healthy overweight/obese (MHO), and metabolically unhealthy overweight/obese (MUHO) according to demographic and risk factor measures. Results Among the 19 412 postmenopausal women, 2369 (12.2%) participants had prevalent diabetes. Advanced age was associated with an increased odds of MUHNW as compared with the MHNW after adjusting for covariates [odds ratio (OR) 1.04, P < 0.0001]. Black/African American ethnicity was associated with a decreased odds of MUHNW (OR 0.64, P < 0.0001) and MUHO (OR 0.77, P = 0.0004), while an increased odds for MHO (OR 1.50, P < 0.0001) as compared with White MHNW. Conclusions Advanced age and ethnicity are important indicators of metabolic weight categories among postmenopausal women.
Collapse
|
12
|
Gangi A, Lu SC. Chemotherapy-associated liver injury in colorectal cancer. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2020; 13:1756284820924194. [PMID: 32547639 PMCID: PMC7249601 DOI: 10.1177/1756284820924194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) have benefited significantly from advances in multimodal treatment with significant improvements in long-term survival. More patients are currently being treated with surgical resection or ablation following neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy. However, several cytotoxic agents that are administered routinely have been linked to liver toxicities that impair liver function and regeneration. Recognition of chemotherapy-related liver toxicity emphasizes the importance of multidisciplinary planning to optimize care. This review aims to summarize current data on multimodal treatment concepts for CRC, provide an overview of liver damage caused by commonly administered chemotherapeutic agents, and evaluate currently suggested protective agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Gangi
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hepatic FATP5 expression is associated with histological progression and loss of hepatic fat in NAFLD patients. J Gastroenterol 2020; 55:227-243. [PMID: 31602526 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-019-01633-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are characterized by the accumulation of excess hepatic fat. However, in the progression from NASH to cirrhosis, hepatic fat is often lost. Our aim was to elucidate the mechanism underlying hepatic fat loss during NASH progression. METHODS Liver biopsies were performed at The University of Tokyo Hospital between November 2011 and March 2016 on 146 patients with NAFLD and 14 patients with cryptogenic cirrhosis who were not being treated with any diabetes or dyslipidemia drugs. Among them, 70 patients underwent liver biopsy after an overnight fast, and 90 patients were biopsied 5 h after an oral glucose tolerance test. Expression differences in genes encoding several fatty acid metabolism-related factors were examined and correlated with hepatic histological changes based on NAFLD activity scores. Prospective patient follow-up continued until June 2018. RESULTS The level of fatty acid transport protein 5 (FATP5), which is associated with free fatty acid intake, was significantly and inversely correlated with features of histological progression, including ballooning and fibrosis. This was confirmed by immunohistochemical analysis. Transcript levels of genes encoding fatty acid metabolism-related proteins were comparable between NASH with severe fibrosis and cryptogenic cirrhosis. Furthermore, a prospective cohort study demonstrated that low FATP5 expression was the most significant risk factor for hepatic fat loss. CONCLUSIONS Decreased hepatic FATP5 expression in NAFLD is linked to histological progression, and may be associated with hepatic fat loss during NASH progression to cirrhosis.
Collapse
|
14
|
Chien Y, Tsai PH, Lai YH, Lu KH, Liu CY, Lin HF, Huang CS, Wu WW, Wang CY. CircularRNA as novel biomarkers in liver diseases. J Chin Med Assoc 2020; 83:15-17. [PMID: 31809303 DOI: 10.1097/jcma.0000000000000230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver is an essential organ that is primarily responsible for digestion and eliminating toxic substances from the body. After the industrial revolution, Western diet and lifestyle changes have increased the incidence of several liver diseases, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). NAFLD and NASH are mostly asymptomatic at early stages, and the disease progression from NAFLD to life-threatening HCC remains not fully understood. Circular RNA (circRNA) is consist of a circular structure, and the circRNA-microRNA(miRNA)-mRNA axes have been shown to be involved in several cellular events, including apoptosis, vascularization, metastasis, etc. The highly stable structure of circRNAs has enabled themselves to be used as putative biomarkers of several diseases. Here, we conducted a literature review and discussed the identified roles of circRNAs in NAFLD, NASH, liver cirrhosis, and HCC. For example, deficiency of circRNA_0046366 and circRNA_0046367 has been shown as the characteristics of NAFLD, and restoration of these circRNAs ameliorates the oxidative stress, lipotoxicity, and disease severity in NAFLD. Silencing of circ_0071410 was shown to alleviate hepatic stellate activation, the key step of liver cirrhosis. CDR1 and circ_0067934 can facilitate the invasion and metastasis of HCC, while circMTO1 negatively regulates the progression of HCC. Although several research works have been conducted, the whole picture of circRNA-related underlying mechanisms is unclear. Future works using high-throughput bioinformatic approaches will be needed to delineate the role of circRNAs in liver diseases and to further develop novel diagnostics and therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yueh Chien
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ping-Hsing Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ying-Hsiu Lai
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kai-Hsi Lu
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chao-Yu Liu
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Far-Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Surgery, Far-Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Heng-Fu Lin
- Department of Surgery, Far-Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Traumatology, Far-Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chi-Shuan Huang
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wai-Wah Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chien-Ying Wang
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Division of Trauma, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Miyata M, Funaki A, Fukuhara C, Sumiya Y, Sugiura Y. Taurine attenuates hepatic steatosis in a genetic model of fatty liver disease. J Toxicol Sci 2020; 45:87-94. [DOI: 10.2131/jts.45.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Miyata
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Research and Development Agency, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, National Fisheries University
| | - Akihiro Funaki
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Research and Development Agency, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, National Fisheries University
| | - Chiaki Fukuhara
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Research and Development Agency, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, National Fisheries University
| | - Yukino Sumiya
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Research and Development Agency, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, National Fisheries University
| | - Yoshimasa Sugiura
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Research and Development Agency, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, National Fisheries University
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Xia H, Zhu X, Zhang X, Jiang H, Li B, Wang Z, Li D, Jin Y. Alpha-naphthoflavone attenuates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in oleic acid-treated HepG2 hepatocytes and in high fat diet-fed mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109287. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
|
17
|
Yang Z, Wu J, Li X, Xie D, Wang Y, Yang T. Association between dietary iron intake and the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e17613. [PMID: 31651873 PMCID: PMC6824640 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000017613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim was to test the association between dietary iron intake and the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in a large sample of middle-aged and elderly Chinese population.The data included in this analysis were collected from a population-based cross-sectional study, that is, the Xiangya Hospital Health Management Center Study. Dietary iron intake was assessed using a validated semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. The relationship between dietary iron intake and the prevalence of NAFLD was examined using logistic and spline regressions.A cross-sectional study including 5445 subjects was conducted. The prevalence of NAFLD was 36.9%. Compared with the lowest quintile, the energy-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of NAFLD were 1.33 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07-1.64), 1.80 (95% CI: 1.41-2.29) and 2.11 (95% CI: 1.60-2.80) in the 3rd, 4th, and 5th quintile of iron intake, respectively (P-value for trend <.001). In addition, dietary iron intake was positively associated with the OR of NAFLD in a dose-response relationship manner (test for trend P < .001). However, after stratifying the data by gender, such association only remained in the male, but not in the female population. With adjustment of additional potential confounders, the results did not change materially.Subjects with higher dietary iron intake were subject to a higher prevalence of NAFLD in a dose-response relationship manner. However, such association probably only exists in males, but not in females.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zidan Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Joint Degeneration and Injury
| | - Dongxing Xie
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yilun Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tubao Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wu J, Zeng C, Yang Z, Li X, Lei G, Xie D, Wang Y, Wei J, Yang T. Association Between Dietary Selenium Intake and the Prevalence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Am Coll Nutr 2019; 39:103-111. [PMID: 31157605 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2019.1613271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The aim was to examine the association between dietary selenium intake and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in a large group of middle-aged and elderly Chinese persons.Method: The data included in this analysis were from a population-based study, the Xiangya Hospital Health Management Center Study. NAFLD was diagnosed by (1) imaging or histological evidence of hepatic steatosis; (2) absence of specific etiologies of NAFLD; and (3) no heavy consumption of alcohol. Dietary selenium intake was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The association between dietary selenium intake and the prevalence of NAFLD was evaluated using logistic and spline regression in a cross-sectional study of 5436 subjects.Results: The prevalence of NAFLD was 36.8%. Compared with the lowest quintile, the energy-adjusted odds ratios for NAFLD were 1.27 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-1.52), 1.30 (95% CI, 1.09-1.55), and 1.58 (95% CI, 1.33-1.89) for the third, fourth, and fifth quintiles of selenium intake, respectively, and there was a positive dose-response relationship (r = 0.88, p for trend = 0.008). Similar results were observed for men and women separately. The findings were not materially altered by adjustment for potential confounders (i.e., age, gender, body mass index, smoking status, diabetes, hypertension, activity level, nutritional supplements, energy intake, fat intake, fiber intake, cholesterol and saturated fatty acid intake).Conclusions: In this middle-aged and elderly population, subjects with higher dietary selenium intake, even below the recommended nutrient intake in China, had higher prevalence of NAFLD in a dose-response relationship manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chao Zeng
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zidan Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Joint Degeneration and Injury, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guanghua Lei
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Joint Degeneration and Injury, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Centre of Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dongxing Xie
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yilun Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Wei
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Health Management Centre, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tubao Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
|
20
|
p53 as a double-edged sword in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Life Sci 2018; 215:64-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
21
|
Zhang H, Niu Y, Gu H, Lu S, Zhang W, Li X, Yang Z, Qin L, Su Q. Low serum adiponectin is a predictor of progressing to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Clin Lab Anal 2018; 33:e22709. [PMID: 30390352 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between adiponectin and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been studied before, but most of the studies are cross-sectional and cannot prove a causal link. OBJECTIVE To prospectively investigate the relationship between serum adiponectin levels and the incidence of NAFLD in 3 years. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total of 1325 subjects aged 40 to 70 from the Chongming District of Shanghai, China, were included. All of them did not have fatty liver according to the liver ultrasound examination at entry; alcohol abuse and hepatitis were also excluded. Serum adiponectin levels and other indices were measured at baseline. After 3 years of follow-up, hepatic ultrasound examination was performed on each participant again to detect fatty liver. RESULTS The serum adiponectin levels at entry were significantly lower in subjects who developed NAFLD compared with those who did not develop NAFLD after 3 years (1.75 ± 0.89 ug/mL vs 2.37 ± 1.01 ug/mL, P < 0.001). After multiple adjustments, the highest odds ratios for NAFLD were in the second adiponectin quartile, the adjusted ORs were 1.89 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.25 to 2.86) compared with those in the highest quartile. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showing variables at entry independently associated with NAFLD after 3 years was adiponectin (P < 0.01), sex (P < 0.01), BMI (P < 0.001), insulin (P < 0.001), HOMA-IR (P < 0.01), GGT (P = 0.001), TG (P < 0.001), and WBC (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Lower serum adiponectin level is a predictor of NAFLD among middle-aged and elderly subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixin Niu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongxia Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuai Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyong Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Qin
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Su
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Hu J, Xu Y, He Z, Zhang H, Lian X, Zhu T, Liang C, Li J. Increased risk of cerebrovascular accident related to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2017; 9:2752-2760. [PMID: 29416808 PMCID: PMC5788676 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent published studies on the association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and cerebrovascular accident (CVA) risk have yielded conflicting findings. The aim of our study was to identify the potential association by pooling all available publications. A total of nine independent studies were included into our study. The pooled odd ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was calculated to weigh the strength for the relationship between NAFLD and CVA risk. We also conducted stratified analyses by study design, ethnicity and disease classification for further elucidation. The pooled results of the present meta-analysis showed that NAFLD was related to increased risk of CVA (OR = 2.32, 95% CI 1.84–2.93, P < 0.001). Besides, NAFLD is associated with increased risk of CVA among both Caucasians (OR = 2.27, 95% CI 1.77–2.90, P < 0.001) and Asians (OR = 2.81, 95% CI 1.43–5.51, P = 0.003). Moreover, the significant association was also observed in case-control studies (OR = 2.73, 95% CI 1.67–4.48, P < 0.001) and cohort studies (OR = 2.22, 95% CI 1.71–2.89, P < 0.001), respectively. In addition, NAFLD was shown to correlate with increased risk of cerebral hemorrhage (OR = 1.85, 95% CI 1.05–3.27, P = 0.034) and the ischemic stroke (OR = 2.51, 95% CI 1.92–3.28, P < 0.001). In conclusion, our findings firstly provide strong evidence for a risk effect of NAFLD on CVA development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Huai'an Second People's Hospital and The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Zemin He
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Lian
- Department of Cardiovasology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - Tiantian Zhu
- Department of Cardiovasology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - Caihong Liang
- Department of Cardiovasology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Im AR, Kim YH, Kim YH, Yang WK, Kim SH, Song KH. Dolichos lablab Protects Against Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice Fed High-Fat Diets. J Med Food 2017; 20:1222-1232. [PMID: 29090980 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2017.4036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyacinth bean, Dolichos lablab or Lablab purpureus, has been used for centuries in India and China as an edible pod and animal forage, as well as to treat diarrhea and other gastrointestinal disease in traditional Korean medicine. Recently, we have demonstrated that D. lablab extract (DLL-Ex) prevented free fatty acid-induced lipid accumulation in an in vitro cellular nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) model. In this study, we, thus, aimed at clarifying the hepatoprotective effects of DLL-Ex in a high-fat diet-induced in vivo animal NAFLD model, as well as at elucidating underlying mechanisms of identified effects. Sixty, 6-week-old, male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into six groups: a control group fed a low-fat diet, four high-fat diet (HFD) groups, three receiving daily oral supplementation of DLL-Ex (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg/day), and one HFD group receiving daily oral supplementation of MILK (100 mg/kg/day). Effects of DLL-Ex supplementation were evaluated by histopathological and histochemical assessments. DLL-Ex supplementation inhibited HFD-induced increases in body weight and body fat mass and ameliorated increases in body weight, manifested as decreased liver function tests, lower serum triglycerides and cholesterol levels, and increased serum adiponectin levels. The expression of hepatic genes involved in lipid droplet accumulation and in fatty acid uptake was also decreased. We provide evidence of a protective effect of DLL-Ex against HFD-induced fatty liver disease in an animal model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A-Rang Im
- 1 KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine , Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yun Hee Kim
- 1 KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine , Daejeon, Korea
| | - Young Hwa Kim
- 1 KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine , Daejeon, Korea
| | - Won-Kyung Yang
- 2 Institute of Traditional Medicine and Bioscience, Daejeon University , Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seung Hyung Kim
- 2 Institute of Traditional Medicine and Bioscience, Daejeon University , Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kwang Hoon Song
- 3 Mibyeong Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine , Daejeon, Korea.,4 University of Science and Technology , Daejeon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Shin KA. The Clinical Implications of Hepatic Enzymes in Metabolically Healthy Obese Men. KOREAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.15324/kjcls.2017.49.3.248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-A Shin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Shinsung University, Dangjin, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Jang HH, Nam SY, Kim MJ, Kim JB, Choi JS, Kim HR, Lee YM. Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. aqueous extract improves impaired glucose tolerance in high-fat diet-fed rats by decreasing the inflammatory response. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 17:442. [PMID: 28870184 PMCID: PMC5583762 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1949-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. is a medicinal plant with physiological activities such as anti-cancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory activities and in vitro anti-diabetic activity. However, the effects of aqueous extracts from A. pilosa on insulin-resistant rats have not yet been examined. We investigated the effects of aqueous extract from A. pilosa on impaired glucose metabolism induced by a high-fat diet in rats. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to the following groups: normal-fat diet (NF, n = 9); high-fat diet (HF, n = 9); high-fat diet with 0.1% A. pilosa aqueous extract (HFA, n = 10). Experimental diets were administered for 16 weeks. At the end of the treatment, liver and fat tissues were isolated, and serum was collected for biochemical analysis. Results The HF group rats had a significantly higher liver weight than the NF group rats did, and increased hepatic lipid accumulation (p < 0.05); however, supplementation with A. pilosa decreased liver weight. Blood glucose levels in the HFA group were lower than levels measured in the HF group 30, 60, and 120 min after glucose administration (p < 0.05). In addition, dietary A. pilosa supplementation decreased tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 6 levels, while increasing serum adiponectin concentrations (p < 0.05 vs. the HF group). These effects were accompanied by reduced hepatic and adipose tissue expression of inflammation-related genes such as Tnf and Il1b (p < 0.05). Conclusions Our findings indicate that A. pilosa aqueous extract can ameliorate insulin resistance in high-fat diet-fed rats by decreasing the inflammatory response. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12906-017-1949-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
|
26
|
Lee SH, Yun SJ, Kim DH, Jo HH, Park YS. Severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease on sonography and risk of coronary heart disease. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ULTRASOUND : JCU 2017; 45:391-399. [PMID: 28369989 DOI: 10.1002/jcu.22472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the relationship between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) on sonography (US) and the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) as well as the predictive value of US-diagnosed NAFLD to determine intermediate/high CHD risk compared with as well as in combination on with NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS). METHODS This retrospective study included 1,276 patients examined between November 2015 and August 2016. NAFLD was categorized as absent, mild, moderate, or severe based on liver-to-kidney echogenicity, visibility of intrahepatic vessel walls, and the diaphragm. The Framingham risk score (FRS) and NFS were used to predict CHD risk and hepatic fibrosis severity. Spearman correlation test, multivariate-adjusted logistic regression analysis, and receiver operating characteristic curves were used for statistical evaluation. RESULTS FRS increased as NAFLD severity increased, and US-determined NAFLD severity and FRS were highly positively correlated (r = 0.683, p < 0.001). The odds ratios for intermediate/high CHD risk increased with increasing NAFLD severity. The predictive performance of US-determined NAFLD severity for determining intermediate/high CHD risk in NAFLD patients was 0.738. There was no significant difference between US-determined NAFLD severity and NFS in terms of identifying intermediate/high CHD risk (p = 0.88). However, the combination of US-determined NAFLD severity and NFS significantly improved the ability to distinguish intermediate/high CHD risk compared with that of US-determined NAFLD severity or NFS alone (p < 0.001 for both). CONCLUSIONS US-determined NAFLD severity was well correlated with FRS and associated with the prevalence of intermediate/high CHD risk. The combination of US-determined NAFLD severity and NFS may be useful for predicting CHD risk. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 45:391-399, 2017.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sun Hwa Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, 1342 Dongil-ro, Seoul, Nowon-gu, 139-707, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Jong Yun
- Department of Radiology, Aerospace Medical Center, Republic of Korea Air Force, Box 335-21, 635 Danjae-ro, Namil-myeon, Cheongwon-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do, 363-849, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyeon Kim
- Department of Radiology, Aerospace Medical Center, Republic of Korea Air Force, Box 335-21, 635 Danjae-ro, Namil-myeon, Cheongwon-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do, 363-849, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Hwan Jo
- Department of Radiology, Aerospace Medical Center, Republic of Korea Air Force, Box 335-21, 635 Danjae-ro, Namil-myeon, Cheongwon-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do, 363-849, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Sung Park
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, 149 Sangil-dong, Gangdong-gu, Seoul, 134-727, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Chen SCC, Tsai SP, Jhao JY, Jiang WK, Tsao CK, Chang LY. Liver Fat, Hepatic Enzymes, Alkaline Phosphatase and the Risk of Incident Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Study of 132,377 Adults. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4649. [PMID: 28680048 PMCID: PMC5498613 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04631-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have reported inconsistent results of the associations of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) with incident type 2 diabetes (diabetes hereafter). We aimed to resolve the controversy by taking nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) into account. The study population comprised 132,377 non-diabetic individuals (64,875 men and 67,502 women) aged 35–79 who had two or more health examinations during 1996–2014. A total of 6,555 incident diabetes (3,734 men and 2,821 women) were identified, on average, over 5.8 years of follow-up. Cox regression was used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) for incident diabetes, adjusting for classical confounders. The risk of incident diabetes was significantly associated with NAFLD [HR = 2.08 (men) and 2.65 (women)]. Elevated ALT, AST, GGT and ALP were also significantly associated with the increased risk of diabetes, with HRs of 1.27, 1.23, 1.58 and 1.37, respectively, in men, and 1.56, 1.18, 1.48 and 1.44, respectively in women. Our results suggest that NAFLD, ALT, AST, GGT and ALP are independent predictors for incident diabetes in both men and women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sean Chun-Chang Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Shan Pou Tsai
- MJ Health Management Institution, Taipei, 114, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Yun Jhao
- MJ Health Management Institution, Taipei, 114, Taiwan.,MJ Health Research Foundation, Taipei, 114, Taiwan
| | - Wun-Kai Jiang
- MJ Health Management Institution, Taipei, 114, Taiwan.,MJ Health Research Foundation, Taipei, 114, Taiwan
| | | | - Ly-Yun Chang
- MJ Health Management Institution, Taipei, 114, Taiwan. .,MJ Health Research Foundation, Taipei, 114, Taiwan. .,Institute of Sociology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zaki M, Kamal S, Kholousi S, El-Bassyouni HT, Yousef W, Reyad H, Mohamed R, Basha WA. Serum soluble receptor of advanced glycation end products and risk of metabolic syndrome in Egyptian obese women. EXCLI JOURNAL 2017; 16:973-980. [PMID: 28900377 PMCID: PMC5579397 DOI: 10.17179/excli2017-275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is one of the diagnostic criteria of metabolic syndrome (MS). It is correlated with insulin resistance (IR) and high vascular risk as well. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their receptor (RAGE) play an important role in abnormal metabolic components in obese women. This study aimed to explore the serum levels of sRAGE in Egyptian obese women and compare with healthy non-obese controls and investigate the relationship between serum sRAGE, metabolic parameters, and obesity complications. The soluble form of receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE), anthropometry, metabolic and biochemical biomarkers were measured in 100 obese women and 100 age-matched healthy control non-obese women. The homeostasis model assessment estimate of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) has been determined from serum insulin and glucose values. Serum sRAGE levels were significantly lower in obese cases than controls and inversely correlated with obesity and metabolic parameters. Results of univariate and multivariate analyses for determinants of serum sRAGE levels in obese cases showed that parameters statistically and significantly related were body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), LDL-C, TG, BP, HOMA-IR, ALT and AST. sRAGE is a novel biomarker for metabolic dysfunction in Egyptian obese women and might predict the future cardio-metabolic events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moushira Zaki
- Biological Anthropology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sanaa Kamal
- Biological Anthropology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shams Kholousi
- Immunogenetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Walaa Yousef
- Biological Anthropology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanaa Reyad
- Biological Anthropology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ramy Mohamed
- Biological Anthropology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walaa A Basha
- Biological Anthropology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Giannakeas N, Tsipouras MG, Tzallas AT, Vavva MG, Tsimplakidou M, Karvounis EC, Forlano R, Manousou P. Measuring Steatosis in Liver Biopsies Using Machine Learning and Morphological Imaging. 2017 IEEE 30TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON COMPUTER-BASED MEDICAL SYSTEMS (CBMS) 2017. [DOI: 10.1109/cbms.2017.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
|
30
|
Mousavi Z, Ganji A, Farrokh Tehrani D, Bahari A, EsmaeilZadeh A, Delghandi M. Correlation of visfatin level with non-alcoholic fatty liver in metabolic syndrome. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2017; 31:28. [PMID: 29445657 PMCID: PMC5804438 DOI: 10.18869/mjiri.31.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Metabolic syndrome (MS) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common public health problem. Visfatin is secreted by visceral adipose tissue and is an adipocytokine. It could be a pro-inflammatory adipocytokine and is related to the metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. This study evaluated the association between visfatin levels in patients with the metabolic syndrome with and without non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 120 patients with metabolic syndrome were selected. They were categorized into two groups, patients with fatty liver (n=70) and without fatty liver disease (n=50). Laboratory and anthropometric options such as age, sex, systolic blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, lipid profile, liver enzymes, uric acid, visfatin, insulin, BMI, waist circumference, and TNF-α were measured. The chi-square test, Mann-Whitney, t test, Spearman and Pearson correlations were used for the data analysis. Results: There was a significant difference between the fatty liver and non-fatty liver disease with visfatin, BMI, FBS and lipid profile (p<0.05). The mean±SD level of visfatin was 37.1±1.7 ng/dl in the non-fatty liver and was 44.4±1.5 ng/dl in fatty liver participants (p=0.02). 59% of patients with metabolic syndrome had fatty liver in ultrasonography. Conclusion: According to this study, there was a correlation between visfatin levels and fatty liver disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Mousavi
- Endocrine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Azita Ganji
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center. Mashhad University of Medical Sciences & Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Ali Bahari
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center. Mashhad University of Medical Sciences & Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abbas EsmaeilZadeh
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center. Mashhad University of Medical Sciences & Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehdi Delghandi
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Im AR, Kim YH, Lee HW, Song KH. Water Extract of Dolichos lablab Attenuates Hepatic Lipid Accumulation in a Cellular Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Model. J Med Food 2017; 19:495-503. [PMID: 27152979 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2015.3623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common chronic liver disease that is rising in prevalence worldwide. Therapeutic strategies for patients with NAFLD are limited by a lack of effective drugs. In this report, we show that Dolichos lablab water extract (DLL-Ex) protects against free fatty acid (FFA)-induced lipid accumulation and attenuates expression of genes involved in lipid droplet accumulation in cellular NAFLD models. The hepatoprotective effects and underlying mechanism of DLL-Ex were assessed using an in vitro cellular model in which NAFLD was simulated by inducing excessive FFA influx into hepatocytes. HepG2 cells were treated with DLL-Ex and FFAs for 24 h, after which intracellular lipid content was observed by using Nile Red and Oil Red O staining. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to measure expression levels of genes related to FFA-mediated cellular energy depletion. Western blotting was used to measure protein levels of phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase, AMP-activated protein kinase alpha (AMPKα), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1 alpha. In HepG2 cells, DLL-Ex inhibited expression of CD36, which regulates fatty acid uptake, as well as BODIPY-labeled fatty acid uptake. Additionally, DLL-Ex significantly attenuated FFA-mediated cellular energy depletion and mitochondrial membrane depolarization. Furthermore, DLL-Ex enhanced phosphorylation of AMPK, indicating that AMPK is a critical regulator of DLL-Ex-mediated inhibition of hepatic lipid accumulation, possibly through its antioxidative effect. These results demonstrate that DLL-Ex exerts potent anti-NAFLD activity, suggesting that it could be a potential adjuvant treatment for patients with NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A-Rang Im
- 1 KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine , Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yun Hee Kim
- 1 KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine , Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hye Won Lee
- 1 KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine , Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kwang Hoon Song
- 2 Mibyeong Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine , Daejeon, Korea.,3 University of Science and Technology , Daejeon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Li G, Zhou F, Chen Y, Zhang W, Wang N. Kukoamine A attenuates insulin resistance and fatty liver through downregulation of Srebp-1c. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 89:536-543. [PMID: 28254666 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) refers to a pathological condition of hepatic steatosis. Insulin resistance is believed to be the key mechanism mediating initial accumulation of fat in the liver, resulting in hepatic steatosis. Kukoamine A (KuA), a spermine alkaloid, is a major bioactive component extracted from the root barks of Lycium chinense (L. chinense) Miller. In the current study, we aimed to explore the possible effect of KuA on insulin resistance and fatty liver. We showed that KuA significantly inhibited the increase of fasting blood glucose level and insulin level, and the glucose levels in response to glucose and insulin load in HFD-fed mice, which was in a dose-dependent manner. KuA dose-dependently decreased the histological injury of liver, levels of hepatic triglyceride (TG), and serum AST and ALT activities in HFD-fed mice. The increase of serum levels of TNFɑ, IL-1β, IL-6 and C reactive protein in HFD-fed mice was inhibited by KuA. HFD feeding-induced increase of hepatic expression of Srebp-1c and its target genes, including fatty acid synthase (FAS) and acetyl CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1), was significantly inhibited by KuA. Moreover, upregulation of Srebp-1c notably inhibited KuA-induced improvement of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, decrease of lipid accumulation and H2O2 level in palmitic acid-treated AML-12 cells. In conclusion, we reported that KuA inhibited Srebp-1c and downstream genes expression and resulted in inhibition of lipid accumulation, inflammation, insulin resistance and oxidative stress. Overall, our results provide a better understanding of the pharmacological activities of KuA against insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangyun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui 453100, Henan, China.
| | - Fang Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui 453100, Henan, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui 453100, Henan, China
| | - Weiguo Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui 453100, Henan, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui 453100, Henan, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zhang L, Wu X, Liao S, Li Y, Zhang Z, Chang Q, Xiao R, Liang B. Tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri chinensis), a novel non-obese animal model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Biol Open 2016; 5:1545-1552. [PMID: 27659689 PMCID: PMC5087676 DOI: 10.1242/bio.020875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming a severe public health problem that is affecting a large proportion of the world population. Generally, NAFLD in patients is usually accompanied by obesity, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), for which numerous animal models have been generated in order to explore the pathogenesis and therapies of NAFLD. On the contrary, quite a number of NAFLD subjects, especially in Asian regions, are non-obese and non-diabetic; however, few animal models are available for the research of non-obese NAFLD. Here, four approaches (here called approach 1 to 4) corresponding to the variable compositions of diets were used to treat tree shrews (Tupaia belangeri chinensis), which have a closer evolutionary relationship to primates than rodents. Analysis of plasma biochemical parameters, hepatic histology, and the expression of hepatic lipid metabolic genes revealed that all four approaches led to hepatic lipid accumulation, liver injury and hypercholesterolemia, but had no effect on body weight and adipose tissue generation, or glycemia. Hepatic gene expression in tree shrews treated by approach 4 might suggest a different or non-canonical pathway leading to hepatic steatosis. In conclusion, the tree shrew displays hepatic steatosis and dyslipidemia, but remains non-obese and non-diabetic under high energy diets, which suggests that the tree shrew may be useful as a novel animal model for the research of human non-obese NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linqiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Science & Yunnan province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Science & Yunnan province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China Key Laboratory of Puer Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
| | - Shasha Liao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Science & Yunnan province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Yunhai Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Science & Yunnan province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Science & Yunnan province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China
| | - Qing Chang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Science & Yunnan province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Ruyue Xiao
- Pharmaceutical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Bin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Science & Yunnan province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Xie Y, Zhang Y, Guo Z, Zeng H, Zheng B. Effect of Alkaloids from Nelumbinis Plumula against Insulin Resistance of High-Fat Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice. J Diabetes Res 2016; 2016:3965864. [PMID: 27761469 PMCID: PMC5059548 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3965864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of total alkaloids from Nelumbinis Plumula (NPA) on insulin resistance (IR) of high-fat diet- (HFD-) induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Rats were fed with HFD for 8 weeks to induce NAFLD. Then, the effect of NPA on ameliorating IR in HFD-induced NAFLD was evaluated. Fasting serum insulin was determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit for insulin following the manufacturer's protocol. Some inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were determined using ELISA kits to assess the inflammatory burden in rats. The results showed that HFD could induce a significant increase in blood glucose and IR in rats. However, rats treated with NPA (400 or 600 mg/kg) showed improved IR and reduction in serum inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6. Further investigation indicated that NPA could inhibit IR by restoring the insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) and suppressing the expression of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation. The present results supported the view that the pathogenesis of NAFLD was complex with inflammation, together with increasing serum glucose and IR. Also, JNK and IRS phosphorylation were suggested for their involvement in the modulating of IR during NAFLD progression. Therefore, NPA may serve as a potential natural remedy against IR in NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xie
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zebin Guo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hongliang Zeng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Baodong Zheng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Brede S, Serfling G, Klement J, Schmid SM, Lehnert H. Clinical Scenario of the Metabolic Syndrome. Visc Med 2016; 32:336-341. [PMID: 27921045 DOI: 10.1159/000449028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The term metabolic syndrome (MeS) refers to a cluster of associated symptoms composed of impaired fasting glucose, abdominal obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. MeS is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular and diabetes-associated morbidity and mortality. The increased amount of visceral fat together with a chronic inflammatory state predisposes to the development of arteriosclerosis. Furthermore, insulin resistance (IR) and dyslipidemia are associated with fatty liver disease. In addition, MeS is linked to non-cardiovascular diseases such as cancer as well as psychiatric or endocrine disorders. Here, we discuss the clinical impact of MeS in cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular diseases to highlight the importance of prevention, early diagnosis, and multifactorial treatment of high-risk individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Swantje Brede
- Department of Medicine I, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Georg Serfling
- Department of Medicine I, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Johanna Klement
- Department of Medicine I, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Hendrik Lehnert
- Department of Medicine I, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Phosphorylated heat shock protein 27 promotes lipid clearance in hepatic cells through interacting with STAT3 and activating autophagy. Cell Signal 2016; 28:1086-98. [PMID: 27185187 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the major liver disease worldwide. Recently, several studies have identified that the activation of autophagy attenuates hepatic steatosis. Heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27) is involved in autophagy in response to various stimuli. In this study, we demonstrate that phosphorylated Hsp27 stimulates autophagy and lipid droplet clearance and interacts with STAT3. In vivo study showed that high fat diet (HFD) feeding increased Hsp25 (mouse orthology of Hsp27) phosphorylation and autophagy in mouse livers. Inhibition of Hsp25 phosphorylation exacerbated HFD-induced hepatic steatosis in mice. In vitro study showed that palmitate-induced lipid overload in hepatic cells was enhanced by Hsp27 knockdown, KRIBB3 treatment and Hsp27-3A (non-phosphorylatable) overexpression but was prevented by Hsp27-WT (wild type) and Hsp27-3D (phosphomimetic) overexpression. Mechanism analysis demonstrated that palmitate could induce Hsp27 phosphorylation which promoted palmitate-induced autophagy. Phosphorylated Hsp27 interacted with STAT3 in response to palmitate treatment, and disrupted the STAT3/PKR complexes, facilitated PKR-dependent eIF2α phosphorylation, and thus stimulated autophagy. To conclude, our study provides a novel mechanism by which the phosphorylated Hsp27 promotes hepatic lipid clearance and suggests a new insight for therapy of steatotic diseases such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Collapse
|
37
|
Widya RL, de Mutsert R, den Heijer M, le Cessie S, Rosendaal FR, Jukema JW, Smit JWA, de Roos A, Lamb HJ. Association between Hepatic Triglyceride Content and Left Ventricular Diastolic Function in a Population-based Cohort: The Netherlands Epidemiology of Obesity Study. Radiology 2016; 279:443-50. [DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2015150035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
38
|
Öztürk H, Gümrükçüoğlu HA, Yaman M, Akyol A, Öztürk Ş, Akdağ S, Şimşek H, Şahin M, Günaydın ZY. Hepatosteatosis and carotid intima-media thickness in patients with myocardial infarction. J Med Ultrason (2001) 2015; 43:77-82. [PMID: 26703170 DOI: 10.1007/s10396-015-0649-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the study was to determine the involvement of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in myocardial infarction patients and its relation with carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). METHODS This study consisted of 224 patients divided into three groups: those with myocardial infarction (MI), stable coronary artery disease (CAD), and normal coronary artery. Measurement of CIMT and abdominal ultrasonography for hepatosteatosis was performed in all participants. RESULTS NAFLD was significantly more frequent among MI patients compared to the other groups. There was a significant difference between CAD and the presence of NAFLD (p < 0.05). Also, we found significant correlations between the severity of CAD and hepatosteatosis grade (r = 0.648, p < 0.001), CAD and CIMT (r = 0.594, p < 0.001), and NAFLD and CIMT (r = 0.233, p = 0.005). NAFLD was also significantly correlated with the severity of CAD (r = 0.607, p < 0.001), and the grade of NAFLD significantly correlated with CIMT (r = 0.606, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Patients with more severe CAD were more likely to have NAFLD. In addition, hepatosteatosis may be associated with coronary plaque instability and high fatty volume. Patients with NAFLD should be screened regularly for other cardiovascular risk factors, and the presence of fatty liver may help better classify these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Öztürk
- Radiology Department, Van High Education and Research Hospital, Van, Turkey. .,Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey.
| | | | - Mehmet Yaman
- Cardiology Department, Samsun Education and Research Hospital, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Aytaç Akyol
- Radiology Department, Van High Education and Research Hospital, Van, Turkey
| | - Şenay Öztürk
- Radiology Department, Van High Education and Research Hospital, Van, Turkey
| | - Serkan Akdağ
- Radiology Department, Van High Education and Research Hospital, Van, Turkey
| | - Hakkı Şimşek
- Radiology Department, Van High Education and Research Hospital, Van, Turkey
| | - Musa Şahin
- Radiology Department, Van High Education and Research Hospital, Van, Turkey
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Okushin K, Takahashi Y, Yamamichi N, Shimamoto T, Enooku K, Fujinaga H, Tsutsumi T, Shintani Y, Sakaguchi Y, Ono S, Kodashima S, Fujishiro M, Moriya K, Yotsuyanagi H, Mitsushima T, Koike K. Helicobacter pylori infection is not associated with fatty liver disease including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a large-scale cross-sectional study in Japan. BMC Gastroenterol 2015; 15:25. [PMID: 25880912 PMCID: PMC4349671 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-015-0247-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fatty liver disease (FLD) including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a rapidly emerging and widely recognized liver disease today, is regarded as a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. Helicobacter pylori, one of the most common pathogens worldwide, has been reported to be associated with metabolic syndrome, but whether there is a direct association with FLD is as of yet unclear. The aim of this study was to clarify the association of FLD and NAFLD with causative background factors including Helicobacter pylori infection. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of Japanese adults who received medical checkups at a single medical center in 2010.Univariate and multivariate statistical analysis was performed to evaluate background factors for ultrasonography diagnosed FLD. Subjects free from alcohol influence were similarly analyzed for NAFLD. RESULTS Of a total of 13,737 subjects, FLD was detected in 1,456 of 6,318 females (23.0 %) and 3,498 of 7,419 males (47.1%). Multivariable analyses revealed that body mass index (standardized coefficients of females and males (β-F/M) =143.5/102.5), serum ALT (β-F/M = 25.8/75.7), age (β-F/M = 34.3/17.2), and platelet count (β-F/M = 17.8/15.2) were positively associated with FLD in both genders. Of the 5,289 subjects free from alcohol influence, NAFLD was detected in 881 of 3,473 females (25.4%) and 921 of 1,816 males (50.7%). Body mass index (β-F/M = 113.3/55.3), serum ALT (β-F/M = 21.6/53.8), and platelet count (β-F/M = 13.8/11.8) were positively associated with NAFLD in both genders. Metabolic syndrome was positively associated with FLD and NAFLD only in males. In contrast, Helicobacter pylori infection status was neither associated with FLD nor NAFLD regardless of gender. CONCLUSIONS Body mass index, serum ALT and platelet count were significantly associated with FLD and NAFLD, whereas infection of Helicobacter pylori was not.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Okushin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yu Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Nobutake Yamamichi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Shimamoto
- Kameda Medical Center Makuhari (CD-2, 1-3, Nakase, Mihama-ku, Chiba-city, Japan.
| | - Kenichiro Enooku
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Hidetaka Fujinaga
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Takeya Tsutsumi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yoshizumi Shintani
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yoshiki Sakaguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Ono
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Shinya Kodashima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Mitsuhiro Fujishiro
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kyoji Moriya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Toru Mitsushima
- Kameda Medical Center Makuhari (CD-2, 1-3, Nakase, Mihama-ku, Chiba-city, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiko Koike
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Ultrasound-based tissue characterization and classification of fatty liver disease: A screening and diagnostic paradigm. Knowl Based Syst 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
41
|
Serum alanine aminotransferase independently correlates with intrahepatic triglyceride contents in obese subjects. Dig Dis Sci 2014; 59:2470-6. [PMID: 24861033 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-014-3214-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Liver enzymes including serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) are well recognized as surrogate makers reflecting non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the associations of serum ALT, AST and GGT with hepatic lipid contents are not well established. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between liver enzymes and intrahepatic triglyceride (IHTG) contents, and explore the feasibility in using liver enzymes to reflect accumulation of IHTG in obese subjects. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis was conducted in 475 obese adults aged 40-65 years. Anthropometric parameters and blood biochemical indexes including liver enzymes, glucose and lipid profiles were measured. The liver triglyceride contents of subjects were determined by (1)H-MRS. RESULTS Serum ALT, AST and GGT were positively correlated with IHTG contents (p < 0.01). Serum ALT, AST and GGT levels at the highest quartile of IHTG contents were significantly elevated as compared with those in the lowest quartile (p < 0.01). Multivariate linear regression analysis demonstrated that serum ALT, but not AST or GGT was independently associated with IHTG contents. By logistic regression analysis, the odds ratio for higher IHTG contents was increased by 1.464 times/1 SD increase in serum ALT level after adjusting for multiple confounding factors [OR (95% CI) 2.464 (1.584-3.834)]. However, these relationships could not be observed between serum AST or GGT with IHTG contents. CONCLUSIONS Serum ALT level is independently correlated with the hepatic triglyceride contents in obese subjects and more appropriate to be used as a predictor for the degree of NAFLD rather than AST and GGT.
Collapse
|
42
|
Costa MLV, Lima-Júnior RCP, Aragão KS, Medeiros RP, Marques-Neto RD, de Sá Grassi L, Leite LL, Nunes LG, de Mesquita Neto JWB, de Castro Brito GA, de Souza MHLP, de Almeida PRC, Ribeiro RA. Chemotherapy-associated steatohepatitis induced by irinotecan: a novel animal model. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2014; 74:711-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s00280-014-2434-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 03/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
43
|
Choi K, Kim H, Kang H, Lee SY, Lee SJ, Back SH, Lee SH, Kim MS, Lee JE, Park JY, Kim J, Kim S, Song JH, Choi Y, Lee S, Lee HJ, Kim JH, Cho S. Regulation of diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 protein stability by gp78-associated endoplasmic-reticulum-associated degradation. FEBS J 2014; 281:3048-60. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.12841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Revised: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kwangman Choi
- Targeted Medicine Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Cheongwon Chungbuk Korea
| | - Hyeongki Kim
- Targeted Medicine Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Cheongwon Chungbuk Korea
- Department of Biomolecular Science; University of Science and Technology; Daejeon Korea
| | - Hyunju Kang
- Targeted Medicine Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Cheongwon Chungbuk Korea
| | - So-Young Lee
- International Cooperation Office; Ministry of Food and Drug Safety; Cheongwon Chungbuk Korea
| | - Sang Jun Lee
- Infection and Immunity Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Daejeon Korea
| | - Sung Hoon Back
- School of Biological Sciences; University of Ulsan; Korea
| | - Seo Hyun Lee
- Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology Branch; Research Institute; National Cancer Center; Goyang Korea
| | - M. Sun Kim
- Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology Branch; Research Institute; National Cancer Center; Goyang Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Lee
- Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology Branch; Research Institute; National Cancer Center; Goyang Korea
| | - Ju Young Park
- Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology Branch; Research Institute; National Cancer Center; Goyang Korea
| | - Jiye Kim
- Targeted Medicine Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Cheongwon Chungbuk Korea
| | - Sunhong Kim
- Targeted Medicine Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Cheongwon Chungbuk Korea
| | - Jae-Hyung Song
- Targeted Medicine Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Cheongwon Chungbuk Korea
| | - Yura Choi
- Targeted Medicine Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Cheongwon Chungbuk Korea
| | - Suui Lee
- Targeted Medicine Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Cheongwon Chungbuk Korea
| | - Hyun-Jun Lee
- Targeted Medicine Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Cheongwon Chungbuk Korea
| | - Jong Heon Kim
- Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology Branch; Research Institute; National Cancer Center; Goyang Korea
- Department of System Cancer Science; Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy; National Cancer Center; Goyang Korea
| | - Sungchan Cho
- Targeted Medicine Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Cheongwon Chungbuk Korea
- Department of Biomolecular Science; University of Science and Technology; Daejeon Korea
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Sogabe M, Okahisa T, Tsujigami K, Fukuno H, Hibino S, Yamanoi A. Visceral fat predominance is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Japanese women with metabolic syndrome. Hepatol Res 2014; 44:515-22. [PMID: 23617326 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.12146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Revised: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 04/21/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Metabolic syndrome (MS) is likely to be associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The prevalence of NAFLD in visceral fat type MS (V-type MS) is known to be higher than in subcutaneous fat type MS (S-type MS) in men with MS, and a larger subcutaneous fat area is reported to be not associated with NAFLD in women. We elucidated differences between V-type S-type MS in Japanese women with MS. METHODS The subjects were 276 women with MS who underwent a medical checkup including abdominal ultrasonography. We examined for the prevalence of fatty liver and investigated biochemical parameters, and we also made a distinction between V-type and S-type MS. RESULTS Triglyceride, uric acid, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), γ-glutamyltransferase, the frequency of fatty liver and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) were significantly higher in V-type MS than in S-type MS. On logistic regression analysis with NAFLD (in our study, fatty liver with ALT ≥31 IU/L was defined as NAFLD) as a dependent variable, body mass index, dyslipidemia, AST and V-type MS were significant predictors of an increased prevalence of NAFLD (odds ratios [OR] = 18.85, 3.119, 59.77 and 3.205; 95% confidence intervals [CI] = 3.585-99.15, 1.195-8.142, 18.03-198.2 and 1.198-8.573; P < 0.001, <0.05, <0.001 and <0.05, respectively). CONCLUSION Women with V-type MS are more likely to have fatty liver, IGT and liver dysfunction than those with S-type MS. V-type MS is one of the significant predictors for NAFLD in Japanese women with MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Sogabe
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kagawa Prefectural Cancer Detection Center, Takamatsu, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Vendhan R, Amutha A, Anjana RM, Unnikrishnan R, Deepa M, Mohan V. Comparison of characteristics between nonobese and overweight/obese subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in a South Indian population. Diabetes Technol Ther 2014; 16:48-55. [PMID: 24028151 DOI: 10.1089/dia.2013.0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study was designed to compare the characteristics of nonobese and overweight/obese subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in an urban South Indian population. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The study group comprises 541 subjects drawn from the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study (CURES), which was carried out on a representative sample of Chennai city in southern India. NAFLD was diagnosed by ultrasonography. Subjects with NAFLD were classified as nonobese (body mass index of ≤22.9 kg/m(2)) and overweight/obese (body mass index of ≥23 kg/m(2)) based on World Health Organization Asia Pacific guidelines. Coronary artery disease (CAD) was assessed by a resting 12-lead electrocardiogram that was Minnesota-coded. Insulin resistance was assessed by using the homeostasis assessment model (HOMA-IR) using the following formula: fasting insulin (μIU/mL)×fasting glucose (mmol/L)/22.5. RESULTS In total, 173 of 541 (32%) subjects had NAFLD, of whom 48 (27.7%) had nonobese NAFLD and 125 (72.3%) had overweight/obese NAFLD. Compared with overweight/obese NAFLD patients, fasting blood glucose (104±29 vs. 119±45 mg/dL; P<0.05) and HOMA-IR (2.1±1.8 vs. 2.9±1.8; P<0.001) were lower and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (43±9 vs. 39±8 mg/dL; P<0.001) was higher among nonobese NAFLD subjects. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed a significant association between nonobese NAFLD and CAD (P=0.013) even after adjusting for age, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, HOMA-IR, and hypertension. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that even nonobese NAFLD subjects have an association with CAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramanujam Vendhan
- Madras Diabetes Research Foundation & Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre , WHO Collaborating Centre for Non-communicable Diseases Prevention and Control, IDF Centre for Education, Gopalapuram, Chennai, India
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Efe D, Aygün F. Assessment of the relationship between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and CAD using MSCT. Arq Bras Cardiol 2013; 102:10-8. [PMID: 24263777 PMCID: PMC3987385 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20130225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Some risk factors for atherosclerosis are followed by non-alcoholic fatty liver
disease (NAFLD). We wanted to use Multislice computed tomography (MSCT) as
technique for searching relationship between NAFLD and coronary artery disease
(CAD). Objective The relationship between NAFLD and CAD was investigated using MSCT. Methods A total of 372 individuals with or without cardiac symptoms who had undergone MSCT
angiography were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups
according to the presence of NAFLD. Coronary artery segments were visually
evaluated via MSCT angiography. Based on the coronary artery stenosis degree,
those with no or minimal plaques were considered normal, whereas those who had
stenosis of less than 50% and at least one plaque were considered to have
non-obstructive coronary artery disease (non-obsCAD). The patients who had at
least one plaque and coronary artery stenosis of 50% or more were considered to
have obstructive coronary artery disease (obsCAD). NAFLD was determined according
to the MSCT protocol, using the liver density. Results According to the liver density, the number of patients with non-alcoholic fatty
liver disease (group 1) was 204 (149 males, 54.8%) and with normal liver (group 2)
was 168 (95 males, 45.2%). There were 50 (24.5%) non-obsCAD and 57 (27.9%) obsCAD
cases in Group 1, and 39 (23.2%) non-obsCAD and 23 (13.7%) obsCAD cases in Group
2. Conclusions The present study using MSCT demonstrated that the frequency of coronary artery
disease in patients with NAFDL was significantly higher than that of patients
without NAFDL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duran Efe
- Mevlana University, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Radiologia, Konya, Turquia
| | - Fatih Aygün
- Mevlana University, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Cirurgia Cardiovascular, Konya, Turquia
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Hong HC, Lee JS, Choi HY, Yang SJ, Yoo HJ, Seo JA, Kim SG, Kim NH, Baik SH, Choi DS, Choi KM. Liver enzymes and vitamin D levels in metabolically healthy but obese individuals: Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Metabolism 2013; 62:1305-12. [PMID: 23643404 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2013.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2012] [Revised: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Increased liver enzymes and decreased vitamin D levels are associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. We examined liver enzymes and vitamin D levels in metabolically healthy but obese (MHO) individuals and compared the values with those of other body size phenotypes in the Korean population. MATERIALS/METHODS A total of 16,190 people over the age of 18years were analyzed using data from the Fourth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which is a nationally representative survey. Body size phenotypes were classified into four groups by body mass index (BMI) and number of metabolic syndrome components. RESULTS The prevalence of MHO was 14.9% in the entire population and 47.7% in the obese population. In a correlation analysis adjusted for age, sex, and BMI, AST and ALT levels were positively correlated with insulin resistance and cardiometabolic risk factors of the metabolic syndrome, whereas vitamin D level was negatively correlated with these variables. MHO individuals had significantly lower concentrations of AST and ALT compared to metabolically abnormal obese (MAO) subjects, although vitamin D levels were not significantly different. Furthermore, a multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that MHO individuals had lower risk of liver enzyme abnormality compared to MAO after adjusting for potential confounding factors. However, the risk of vitamin D deficiency was not significantly different among groups with different body size phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS Although both liver enzymes and vitamin D levels are related to insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome, only liver enzymes were independently associated with MHO phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ho Cheol Hong
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Kwon BJ, Kim DW, Her SH, Kim DB, Jang SW, Cho EJ, Ihm SH, Kim HY, Youn HJ, Seung KB, Kim JH, Rho TH. Metabolically obese status with normal weight is associated with both the prevalence and severity of angiographic coronary artery disease. Metabolism 2013; 62:952-60. [PMID: 23391273 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2013.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2012] [Revised: 01/01/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We evaluated prevalence and severity of angiographic coronary artery disease (CAD) according to groups by metabolically obese (MO) and/or weight status. MATERIAL/METHODS Normal weight was defined as body mass index (BMI, kg/m²)<25 and obesity was defined as BMI≥25. The MO was determined using the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III classification with Korean-specific cutoffs for abdominal obesity. Therefore, a total of 856 subjects were categorized as follows: (1) metabolically healthy and normal weight (MHNW); (2) metabolically obese but normal weight (MONW); (3) metabolically healthy but obese (MHO); and (4) metabolically abnormally obese (MAO). The presence of obstructive lesion≥50% of coronary artery was considered as an angiographic CAD and the Gensini scoring system was used for the severity. RESULTS MONW or MO showed a higher prevalence of CAD than MHNW or non-MO after adjustment for age and sex, respectively (MONW, odds ratio [OR]=1.69, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13-2.51 and MO, OR=1.44, 95% CI: 1.09-1.91). In subjects without diabetes mellitus (DM), MONW or MO showed a marginally higher prevalence of CAD (MONW, OR=1.58, 95% CI: 0.96-2.61 and MO, OR=1.41, 95% CI: 0.96-2.08). MONW was independently associated with a higher severity of angiographic CAD than MHNW after age, sex, glomerular filtration rate, smoking status, high sensitive C-reactive protein, and use of anti-platelet and anti-angina drugs (β=0.118, P=0.005). And MO was associated with a higher severity of angiographic CAD than non-MO after adjustment for age and sex (β=0.077, P=0.024). The above associations were also consistent in subjects without DM (MONW, β=0.147, P=0.003 and MO, β=0.129, P=0.005). CONCLUSIONS MONW or MO is associated with both the prevalence and severity of angiographic CAD after adjustment for age and sex and MONW is independently associated with the severity of angiographic CAD irrespective of DM. Therefore, subjects with MO but normal weight (MONW) should be carefully examined for angiographic CAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beom-June Kwon
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Alam S, Noor-E-Alam SM, Chowdhury ZR, Alam M, Kabir J. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients of Bangladesh. World J Hepatol 2013; 5:281-287. [PMID: 23717739 PMCID: PMC3664286 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v5.i5.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2013] [Revised: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To explore the prevalence and risk factors for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients.
METHODS: We have included 493 patients with sonographic evidence of a fatty change, and 177 of these individuals were evaluated and confirmed after liver biopsy. The exclusion criteria consisted of significant alcohol abuse (< 20 g daily), evidence of hepatitis B and C, evidence of drug-induced fatty liver disease and other specific liver diseases such as hemochromatosis, Wilson’s disease or autoimmune liver disease. The patients were assessed for metabolic syndrome, and biochemical, anthropometric and histopathological evaluations were carried out. The degree of disease activity in the NAFLD patients was evaluated using the NAFLD Activity Score. The data were analyzed by SPSS, version 16.0.
RESULTS: Females predominated among the study participants (250, 57.0%), and the mean age was 40.8 ± 10.2 years. The numbers of overweight, obese I and obese II patients were 58 (13.2%), 237 (53.9%) and 93 (21.2%), respectively. However, there were 422 (96.2%) centrally obese patients. NASH was absent in 10 (5.6%) cases, borderline in 92 (52.6%) cases and present in 75 (42.4%) cases. The presence of diabetes could significantly (P = 0.001) differentiate NASH from simple steatosis. The following parameters did not influence the development of NASH: age, sex, basal metabolic index, waist circumference, serum high-density lipoprotein, triglyceride, insulin resistance index, hypertension and metabolic syndrome. The serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) level was significantly higher (P = 0.05, 51.7 ± 32.8 and 40.4 ± 22.6 U/L) in the NASH patients, with a sensitivity of 45% and a specificity of only 68%. The serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels were not able to predict NASH.
CONCLUSION: Females were the predominant sufferers of NAFLD in Bangladesh. The prevalence of NASH was high. Diabetes was found to be the main culprit in developing NASH. GGT was the only biochemical marker of NASH. We recommend liver biopsy in NAFLD patients who have diabetes and elevated GGT.
Collapse
|
50
|
Ahn AL, Choi JK, Kim MN, Kim SA, Oh EJ, Kweon HJ, Cho DY. Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease in Koreans Aged 50 Years or Older. Korean J Fam Med 2013; 34:199-205. [PMID: 23730487 PMCID: PMC3667227 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.2013.34.3.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2011] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) share common pathogenic mechanisms and many risk factors, and both are linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the association between NAFLD and CKD according to the presence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in Koreans aged 50 years or older. Methods A cross-sectional study of 1,706 subjects who received their routine health examination was conducted between May 2008 and April 2010 at Konkuk University medical center. Biochemical tests for liver and abdominal ultrasonography were performed. CKD was defined as either proteinuria or glomerular filtration rate ≤60 mL/min per 1.73 m2. Results Among the 1,706 subjects, There were 545 (31.9%) with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and 424 (24.9%) with chronic kidney disease. In univariate logistic regression analysis, NAFLD was significantly associated with CKD (odds ratio [OR], 1.69; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.34 to 2.12). In multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, current smoking, abdominal obesity, aspartate aminotransferases, alanine aminotransferases, γ-glutamyltransferase, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypertriglyceridemia, and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, NAFLD was associated with CKD (adjusted OR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.27 to 2.24). This relationship remained significant after classification according to the presence of hypertension or diabetes mellitus. Conclusion NAFLD diagnosed by ultrasonography was significantly associated with CKD in Koreans aged 50 years or older.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ah-Leum Ahn
- Department of Family Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|