1
|
Lv J, Ibrahim YS, Yumashev A, Hjazi A, Faraz A, Alnajar MJ, Qasim MT, Ghildiyal P, Hussein Zwamel A, Fakri Mustafa Y. A comprehensive immunobiology review of IBD: With a specific glance to Th22 lymphocytes development, biology, function, and role in IBD. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 137:112486. [PMID: 38901239 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
The two primary forms of inflammatory disorders of the small intestine andcolon that make up inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). While ulcerative colitis primarily affects the colon and the rectum, CD affects the small and large intestines, as well as the esophagus,mouth, anus, andstomach. Although the etiology of IBD is not completely clear, and there are many unknowns about it, the development, progression, and recurrence of IBD are significantly influenced by the activity of immune system cells, particularly lymphocytes, given that the disease is primarily caused by the immune system stimulation and activation against gastrointestinal (GI) tract components due to the inflammation caused by environmental factors such as viral or bacterial infections, etc. in genetically predisposed individuals. Maintaining homeostasis and the integrity of the mucosal barrier are critical in stopping the development of IBD. Specific immune system cells and the quantity of secretory mucus and microbiome are vital in maintaining this stability. Th22 cells are helper T lymphocyte subtypes that are particularly important for maintaining the integrity and equilibrium of the mucosal barrier. This review discusses the most recent research on these cells' biology, function, and evolution and their involvement in IBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lv
- Department of Rehabilitation, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, PR China
| | - Yousif Saleh Ibrahim
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Fallujah, Fallujah, Iraq
| | - Alexey Yumashev
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ali Faraz
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Maytham T Qasim
- College of Health and Medical Technology, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar 64001, Iraq
| | - Pallavi Ghildiyal
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Ahmed Hussein Zwamel
- Medical Laboratory Technique College, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; Medical Laboratory Technique College, The Islamic University of Aldiwaniyah, Aldiwaniyah, Iraq; Medical Laboratory Technique College, The Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul 41001, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fan JN, Ho H, Chiang BL. Characterization of novel CD8 + regulatory T cells and their modulatory effects in murine model of inflammatory bowel disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:327. [PMID: 39085655 PMCID: PMC11335251 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05378-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Dysregulation of mucosal immune system has been proposed to be critical in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play an important role in regulating immune responses. Tregs are involved in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and exerting suppressive function in colitis. Our previous studies showed that a novel forkhead box protein P3 (Foxp3) negative Tregs (Treg-of-B cells), induced by culturing naïve CD4+ T cells with B cells, could protect against colitis and downregulate T helper (Th) 1 and Th17 cell cytokines in T cell-mediated colitis. In the present study, we aimed to induce Treg-of-B cells in the CD8+ T-cell population and investigate their characteristics and immunomodulatory functions. Our results showed that CD8+ Treg-of-B cells expressed Treg-associated markers, including lymphocyte-activation gene-3 (LAG3), inducible co-stimulator (ICOS), programmed death-1 (PD-1), cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein-4 (CTLA-4), tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member-4 (TNFRSF4, OX40), and tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member-18 (TNFRSF18, GITR), but did not express Foxp3. CD8+ Treg-of-B cells produced higher concentration of inhibitory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10, and expressed higher levels of cytotoxic factor granzyme B and perforin after stimulation, compared to those of CD8+CD25- T cells. Moreover, CD8+ Treg-of-B cells suppressed T cell proliferation in vitro and alleviated colonic inflammation in chronic dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. In conclusion, our study identified a novel subpopulation of CD8+ Tregs with suppressive effects through cell contact. These CD8+ Treg-of-B cells might have therapeutic potential for IBDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ning Fan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin Ho
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Luen Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zimecki M, Artym J, Kocięba M, Zaczyńska E, Sysak A, Szczypka M, Lis M, Pawlak A, Obmińska-Mrukowicz B, Kaleta-Kuratewicz K, Zambrowicz A, Bobak Ł. Age-Dependent Effects of Yolkin on Contact Sensitivity and Immune Phenotypes in Juvenile Mice. Molecules 2024; 29:3254. [PMID: 39064833 PMCID: PMC11279269 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29143254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Yolkin, an egg yolk immunoregulatory protein, stimulates the humoral but inhibits the cellular immune response in adult mice. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of yolkin administration on the immune response using a model of juvenile, i.e., 28-day- and 37-day-old, mice. We examined the yolkin influence on the magnitude of the cellular immune response, which was determined as contact sensitivity (CS) to oxazolone (OXA), and the humoral immune response, which was determined as the antibody response to ovalbumin (OVA). Yolkin was administered in drinking water, followed by immunization with OXA or OVA. In parallel, the phenotypic changes in the lymphoid organs were determined following yolkin treatment and prior immunization. The results showed that yolkin had a stimulatory effect on CS in the mice treated with yolkin from the 37th day of life but not from the 28th day of life. In contrast, no regulatory effect of yolkin on antibody production was found in 28-day- and 37-day-old mice. Phenotypic studies revealed significant changes in the content of B cells and T cell subpopulations, including CD4+CD25+Foxp3 regulatory T cells. The association between the effects of yolkin on the magnitude of CS and phenotypic changes in main T- and B-cell compartments, as well the importance of changes in T-regulatory and CD8+ cells in the age categories, are discussed. We conclude that the immunoregulatory effects of yolkin on the generation of CS in mice are age dependent and change from stimulation in juvenile to suppression in adult mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michał Zimecki
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Experimental Therapy, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla Str. 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (J.A.); (M.K.); (E.Z.)
| | - Jolanta Artym
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Experimental Therapy, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla Str. 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (J.A.); (M.K.); (E.Z.)
| | - Maja Kocięba
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Experimental Therapy, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla Str. 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (J.A.); (M.K.); (E.Z.)
| | - Ewa Zaczyńska
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Experimental Therapy, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla Str. 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (J.A.); (M.K.); (E.Z.)
| | - Angelika Sysak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida Str. 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.S.); (M.S.); (M.L.); (A.P.); (B.O.-M.)
| | - Marianna Szczypka
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida Str. 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.S.); (M.S.); (M.L.); (A.P.); (B.O.-M.)
| | - Magdalena Lis
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida Str. 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.S.); (M.S.); (M.L.); (A.P.); (B.O.-M.)
| | - Aleksandra Pawlak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida Str. 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.S.); (M.S.); (M.L.); (A.P.); (B.O.-M.)
| | - Bożena Obmińska-Mrukowicz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida Str. 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.S.); (M.S.); (M.L.); (A.P.); (B.O.-M.)
| | - Katarzyna Kaleta-Kuratewicz
- Department of Biostructure and Animal Physiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida Str. 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Zambrowicz
- Department of Functional Food Products Development, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, J. Chełmońskiego 37 Str., 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; (A.Z.); (Ł.B.)
| | - Łukasz Bobak
- Department of Functional Food Products Development, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, J. Chełmońskiego 37 Str., 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; (A.Z.); (Ł.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Watanabe R, Kadoba K, Tamamoto A, Murata K, Murakami K, Onizawa H, Fujii T, Onishi A, Tanaka M, Ito H, Morinobu A, Hashimoto M. CD8+ Regulatory T Cell Deficiency in Elderly-Onset Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12062342. [PMID: 36983342 PMCID: PMC10054757 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12062342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Elderly-onset rheumatoid arthritis (EORA) is associated with higher disease activity and accelerated joint destruction compared with young-onset RA (YORA). However, the underlying immunological mechanism remains unclear. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are an immunosuppressive T cell subset, and CD4+ Tregs are deficient and/or dysfunctional in RA; however, CD8+ Tregs have not been fully examined in RA. Here, we aimed to determine the role of CD8+ Tregs, particularly in EORA. A total of 40 patients (EORA, n = 17; YORA, n = 23) were cross-sectionally enrolled. Current disease activity and treatment were comparable between the two groups; however, levels of multiple cytokines, including IL-1β, TNFα, interferon (IFN)-γ, IL-2, and IL-10, were significantly increased in EORA. The number of CD4+ Tregs did not differ between the groups (p = 0.37), but those of CD8+ Tregs were significantly decreased in EORA (p = 0.0033). The number of CD8+ Tregs were inversely correlated with plasma matrix metalloprotease (MMP)-3 levels (r = −0.3331, p = 0.036). Our study results revealed an intrinsic deficiency of CD8+ Tregs in patients with EORA, which leaves synovitis unchecked with excessive MMP-3 release. A therapeutic approach to restore CD8+ Tregs may provide a new avenue for the treatment of EORA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryu Watanabe
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-6-6645-3981
| | - Keiichiro Kadoba
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Atsuko Tamamoto
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Koichi Murata
- Department of Advanced Medicine for Rheumatic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kosaku Murakami
- Center for Cancer Immunotherapy and Immunobiology, Division of Clinical Immunology and Cancer Immunotherapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hideo Onizawa
- Department of Advanced Medicine for Rheumatic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takayuki Fujii
- Department of Advanced Medicine for Rheumatic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Akira Onishi
- Department of Advanced Medicine for Rheumatic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masao Tanaka
- Department of Advanced Medicine for Rheumatic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hiromu Ito
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kurashiki Central Hospital, Kurashiki 710-8602, Japan
| | - Akio Morinobu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Motomu Hashimoto
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yuan Y, Li N, Fu M, Ye M. Identification of Critical Modules and Biomarkers of Ulcerative Colitis by Using WGCNA. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:1611-1628. [PMID: 37092131 PMCID: PMC10120594 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s402715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the colon and rectum that has no exact cause and is characterized by relapsing and remitting episodes. We aimed to find biomarkers of UC and its causes. Methods We got GSE73661 from the GEO database and used WGCNA to find DEGs that were expressed in the same way in both normal and UC samples. To identify the co-expression modules, we used Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis. Next, we selected genes that were both DEGs and parts of main modules. Later, three datasets were used to find the hub genes, and qRT-PCR was utilized to confirm the in-silico findings. Additionally, we analyzed the connection between the hub genes and the filtration of immune cells in UC. Using the databases, we made predictions about the miRNAs and lncRNAs that regulate the hub genes and predicted possible therapeutic drugs. Results We found 822 DEGs and three main modules related to immunity, endoplasmic reticulum, and metabolism. Using another three datasets and human samples to confirm the mRNA expression of these genes in UC patients, XBP1 and PLPP1 were selected as hub genes, and had excellent diagnostic potential. According to the findings of the immune infiltration, patients with UC exhibited a larger proportion of immune cells. And hub genes, particularly XBP1, were closely linked to a number of immune cell infiltrations. Based on the databases and hub genes, a lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network, including two miRNAs (miR-214-3p and miR-93-5p), two hub genes, and 124 lncRNAs, and potential therapeutic medicine were identified. Conclusion We found two new genes, XBP1 and PLPP1, that are involved in UC and can help diagnose and measure the disease. XBP1 also relates to clinical scores and immune cells. We suggested a gene network and possible drugs based on them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Yuan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Centre and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Centre and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Mingyue Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Centre and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Mei Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Centre and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
- Correspondence: Mei Ye, Email
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Houston TW, Howlett-Prieto Q, Regenauer C, Testai FD, Yao F, Feng X, Reder AT. Increased Percentage of CD8 +CD28 - Regulatory T Cells With Fingolimod Therapy in Multiple Sclerosis. NEUROLOGY(R) NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION 2022; 10:10/2/e200075. [PMID: 36535763 PMCID: PMC9764330 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000200075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Fingolimod, an oral therapy for MS, decreases expression of membrane S1P1 receptors on CD4+ memory cells, causing their retention and deactivation in lymph nodes. We determined fingolimod effects on the number and proportion of potentially CNS-damaging CD8+CD28+ cytolytic T lymphocyte cells (CTLs) and on MS-depleted and dysfunctional CD8+CD28- anti-inflammatory suppressor/regulatory T cells (Treg) and on CD8+ T-cell expression of the CD69 activation/lymph node retention protein in MS. METHODS CD8, CD28, CD4, and CD69 expression on peripheral blood mononuclear cells was measured with flow cytometry. In vitro concanavalin A (ConA) activation of T cells, including CD8+CD28- cells, was used to mimic inflammation. RESULTS Fifty-nine patients with MS, 35 therapy-naive (16 clinically stable; 19 exacerbating) and 24 fingolimod-treated (19 clinically stable; 5 exacerbating), and 26 matched healthy controls (HCs) were compared. In therapy-naive patients, the CD8+ Treg percent of total lymphocytes was only 1/4 of HC levels. In fingolimod-treated patients, however, CD8+ Treg percentages rose to 2.5-fold higher than in HC and 10-fold higher than in therapy-naive MS. With fingolimod therapy, in contrast, CD8+ CTL levels were less than half of levels in HCs and therapy-naive patients. In HCs and all MS, activation with ConA strongly induced CD69 expression on CD4+ cells and induced 3-fold higher CD69 levels on CD8+ CTL than on CD8+ Treg. Fingolimod and analogs in vitro did not modify lymphocyte CD69 expression. Lower levels of CD69 on CD8+ Treg than on CTL may allow easier Treg egress from lymph nodes and enhance control of peripheral inflammation. In vitro activation reduced the already low CD8+ Treg population in therapy-naive MS, but only slightly altered Treg levels in fingolimod-treated MS. DISCUSSION Fingolimod therapy markedly increases the percentage of CD8+ Treg in MS, reversing the low CD8+ Treg:CTL ratio seen in untreated MS. The increase in immune regulatory cells has potential therapeutic benefit in MS. Activation in vitro depletes CD8+CD28+CTL in patients with MS; the loss is more pronounced in older patients with MS. This suggests that inflammation can disrupt the tenuous immune regulation in MS, especially in older patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy W Houston
- From the Department of Neurology A-205 (T.W.H., Q.H.-P., C.R., X.F., A.T.R.), MC-2030 University of Chicago Medicine, IL; and Department of Neurology (F.D.T.), University of Illinois Chicago, IL
| | - Quentin Howlett-Prieto
- From the Department of Neurology A-205 (T.W.H., Q.H.-P., C.R., X.F., A.T.R.), MC-2030 University of Chicago Medicine, IL; and Department of Neurology (F.D.T.), University of Illinois Chicago, IL
| | - Colin Regenauer
- From the Department of Neurology A-205 (T.W.H., Q.H.-P., C.R., X.F., A.T.R.), MC-2030 University of Chicago Medicine, IL; and Department of Neurology (F.D.T.), University of Illinois Chicago, IL
| | - Fernando D Testai
- From the Department of Neurology A-205 (T.W.H., Q.H.-P., C.R., X.F., A.T.R.), MC-2030 University of Chicago Medicine, IL; and Department of Neurology (F.D.T.), University of Illinois Chicago, IL
| | - Faith Yao
- From the Department of Neurology A-205 (T.W.H., Q.H.-P., C.R., X.F., A.T.R.), MC-2030 University of Chicago Medicine, IL; and Department of Neurology (F.D.T.), University of Illinois Chicago, IL
| | - Xuan Feng
- From the Department of Neurology A-205 (T.W.H., Q.H.-P., C.R., X.F., A.T.R.), MC-2030 University of Chicago Medicine, IL; and Department of Neurology (F.D.T.), University of Illinois Chicago, IL.
| | - Anthony T Reder
- From the Department of Neurology A-205 (T.W.H., Q.H.-P., C.R., X.F., A.T.R.), MC-2030 University of Chicago Medicine, IL; and Department of Neurology (F.D.T.), University of Illinois Chicago, IL.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Watanabe R, Hashimoto M. Vasculitogenic T Cells in Large Vessel Vasculitis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:923582. [PMID: 35784327 PMCID: PMC9240193 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.923582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vasculitis is an autoimmune disease of unknown etiology that causes inflammation of the blood vessels. Large vessel vasculitis is classified as either giant cell arteritis (GCA), which occurs exclusively in the elderly, or Takayasu arteritis (TAK), which mainly affects young women. Various cell types are involved in the pathogenesis of large vessel vasculitis. Among these, dendritic cells located between the adventitia and the media initiate the inflammatory cascade as antigen-presenting cells, followed by activation of macrophages and T cells contributing to vessel wall destruction. In both diseases, naive CD4+ T cells are polarized to differentiate into Th1 or Th17 cells, whereas differentiation into regulatory T cells, which suppress vascular inflammation, is inhibited. Skewed T cell differentiation is the result of aberrant intracellular signaling, such as the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) or the Janus kinase signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathways. It has also become clear that tissue niches in the vasculature fuel activated T cells and maintain tissue-resident memory T cells. In this review, we outline the most recent understanding of the pathophysiology of large vessel vasculitis. Then, we provide a summary of skewed T cell differentiation in the vasculature and peripheral blood. Finally, new therapeutic strategies for correcting skewed T cell differentiation as well as aberrant intracellular signaling are discussed.
Collapse
|
8
|
Ceeraz S, Thompson CR, Beatson R, Choy EH. Harnessing CD8 +CD28 - Regulatory T Cells as a Tool to Treat Autoimmune Disease. Cells 2021; 10:2973. [PMID: 34831195 PMCID: PMC8616472 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
T regulatory cell therapy presents a novel therapeutic strategy for patients with autoimmune diseases or who are undergoing transplantation. At present, the CD4+ Treg population has been extensively characterized, as a result of defined phenotypic and functional readouts. In this review article, we discuss the development and biology of CD8+ Tregs and their role in murine and human disease indications. A subset of CD8+ Tregs that lack the surface expression of CD28 (CD8+CD28- Treg) has proved efficacious in preclinical models. CD8+CD28- Tregs are present in healthy individuals, but their impaired functionality in disease renders them less effective in mediating immunosuppression. We primarily focus on harnessing CD8+ Treg cell therapy in the clinic to support current treatment for patients with autoimmune or inflammatory conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Richard Beatson
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK;
| | - Ernest H. Choy
- CREATE Centre, Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Casalegno Garduño R, Däbritz J. New Insights on CD8 + T Cells in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Therapeutic Approaches. Front Immunol 2021; 12:738762. [PMID: 34707610 PMCID: PMC8542854 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.738762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
CD8+ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a complex multifactorial chronic disease. Here, we present an overview of the current research with the controversial findings of CD8+ T cell subsets and discuss some possible perspectives on their therapeutic value in IBD. Studies on the role of CD8+ T cells in IBD have contradictory outcomes, which might be related to the heterogeneity of the cells. Recent data suggest that cytotoxic CD8+ T cells (Tc1) and interleukin (IL) 17-producing CD8+ (Tc17) cells contribute to the pathogenesis of IBD. Moreover, subsets of regulatory CD8+ T cells are abundant at sites of inflammation and can exhibit pro-inflammatory features. Some subsets of tissue resident memory CD8+ T cells (Trm) might be immunosuppressant, whereas others might be pro-inflammatory. Lastly, exhausted T cells might indicate a positive outcome for patients. The function and plasticity of different subsets of CD8+ T cells in health and IBD remain to be further investigated in a challenging field due to the limited availability of mucosal samples and adequate controls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosaely Casalegno Garduño
- Mucosal Immunology Group, Department of Pediatrics, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jan Däbritz
- Mucosal Immunology Group, Department of Pediatrics, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.,Center for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, The Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Niederlova V, Tsyklauri O, Chadimova T, Stepanek O. CD8 + Tregs revisited: A heterogeneous population with different phenotypes and properties. Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:512-530. [PMID: 33501647 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202048614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a key role in the peripheral self-tolerance and preventing autoimmunity. While classical CD4+ Foxp3+ Tregs are well established, their CD8+ counterparts are still controversial in many aspects including their phenotypic identity and their mechanisms of suppression. Because of these controversies and because of only a limited number of studies documenting the immunoregulatory function of CD8+ Tregs in vivo, the concept of CD8+ Tregs is still not unanimously accepted. We propose that any T-cell subset considered as true regulatory must be distinguishable from other cell types and must suppress in vivo immune responses via a known mechanism. In this article, we revisit the concept of CD8+ Tregs by focusing on the characterization of individual CD8+ T-cell subsets with proposed regulatory capacity separately. Therefore, we review the phenotype and function of CD8+ FOXP3+ T cells, CD8+ CD122+ T cells, CD8+ CD28low/- T cells, CD8+ CD45RClow T cells, T cells expressing CD8αα homodimer and Qa-1-restricted CD8+ T cells to show whether there is sufficient evidence to establish these subsets as bona fide Tregs. Based on the intrinsic ability of CD8+ Treg subsets to promote immune tolerance in animal models, we elaborate on their potential use in clinics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Niederlova
- Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Oksana Tsyklauri
- Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Chadimova
- Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ondrej Stepanek
- Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lees JR. CD8+ T cells: The past and future of immune regulation. Cell Immunol 2020; 357:104212. [PMID: 32979764 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2020.104212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Regulation of the adaptive immune response is critical for health. Regulatory activity can be found in multiple components of the immune system, however, the focus on particular components of the immune regulatory network has left many aspects of this critical immune component understudied. Here we review the evidence for activities of CD8+ T cells in immune homeostasis and regulation of autoimmune reactivity. The heterogeneous nature of identified CD8+ cell types are examined, and common phenotypes associated with functional activities are defined. The varying types of antigen signal crucial for CD8+ T cell regulatory activity are identified and the implications of these activation pathways for control of adaptive responses is considered. Finally, the promising capacity for transgenic antigen receptor directed cytotoxicity as a mechanism for modulation of autoimmunity is detailed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason R Lees
- Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gupta S, Su H, Agrawal S. CD8 Treg Cells Inhibit B-Cell Proliferation and Immunoglobulin Production. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2020; 181:947-955. [PMID: 32799212 DOI: 10.1159/000509607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The role of CD4+ Treg in immune responses has been well established. More recently, a role of CD8+ T regulatory cells (CD8 Treg) in the regulation of immune responses in health and autoimmune diseases has been investigated. Furthermore, different investigators have used different markers to define CD8 Treg. Finally, regulatory effects of CD8 Treg have been studied against T-cell responses; however, their role in regulating B-cell proliferation and immunoglobulin production has not been evaluated. Therefore, in this study we examined the effect of two types of CD8 Treg on B-cell proliferation and immunoglobulin production. METHODS Purified CD8+ T cells were activated with anti-CD3/CD28 for 48 h and then sorted into two different types of CD8 Treg as defined by two different sets of markers, CD8+CD183+CD197+CD45RA- and CD8+CD183+CD25highCD278+. Purified B cells were cocultured with sorted CD8 Treg at 1:1, 1:1/2, and 1:1/4 ratios and activated with anti-CD40 and CpG. B-cell proliferation was assessed by the CFSE dye dilution assay and immunoglobulin production by the ELISA assay. RESULTS Our data show CD183+CD197+CD45RA-CD8 Treg significantly inhibited B-cell proliferation and inhibited IgM and IgG production but not IgA production at 1:1 ratio only. However, CD183+CD25highCD278+CD8 Treg inhibited significantly B-cell proliferation at 1:1 and 1:1/2 ratios and IgM, IgG, and IgA production at all ratios. CONCLUSION CD8 Treg regulate B-cell responses, and CD183+CD25highCD278+CD8 Treg are more powerful regulators of B-cell proliferation and immunoglobulin production than CD183+CD197+CD45RA-CD8 Treg and, therefore, may be used as preferred markers for CD8 Treg.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir Gupta
- Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, USA,
| | - Houfen Su
- Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Sudhanshu Agrawal
- Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gupta S, Agrawal S. In vitro Effects of CD8+ Regulatory T Cells on Human B Cell Subpopulations. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2020; 181:476-480. [PMID: 32248193 DOI: 10.1159/000506806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD8+ regulatory T cells (CD8+ Tregs) are relatively recently described T cell subsets that have been shown to regulate various T cell responses and appear to play a role in autoimmunity. However, their effects on B cells have not been explored. OBJECTIVES In this investigation we examine the effect of CD8+ Tregs on various subsets of peripheral B cells include naïve B cells, transitional B cells, marginal zone B cells, IgM memory B cells, class switched memory B cells, and plasmablasts, and on the expression of B cell-activating factor receptor (BAFF-R). METHODS CD8+ T cells were first purified and then activated with anti-CD3/CD28 beads to generate CD8+ Tregs. Purified CD19+ B cells were cultured alone or with sorted CD8+ Tregs (CD8+CD183+CCR7+CD45RA-) and activated with anti-CD40 monoclonal antibody and CpG. B cell subsets and the expression of BAFF-R on naïve and memory B cells were analyzed using various monoclonal antibodies and corresponding control isotypes. Ten thousand cells were acquired and analyzed by FACSCalibur using the FlowJo software. RESULTS CD8+ Tregs selectively and significantly suppressed plasmablasts without any significant effect on other B cell subsets or on the expression of BAFF-R. CONCLUSION CD8+ Tregs may play a role in autoimmunity by regulating antibody production via suppression of plasmablasts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir Gupta
- Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California, USA,
| | - Sudhanshu Agrawal
- Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hosseini A, Gharibi T, Marofi F, Babaloo Z, Baradaran B. CTLA-4: From mechanism to autoimmune therapy. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 80:106221. [PMID: 32007707 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
CD28 and CTLA-4 are both important stimulatory receptors for the regulation of T cell activation. Because receptors share common ligands, B7.1 and B7.2, the expression and biological function of CTLA-4 is important for the negative regulation of T cell responses. Therefore, elimination of CTLA-4 can result in the breakdown of immune tolerance and the development of several diseases such as autoimmunity. Inhibitory signals of CTLA-4 suppress T cell responses and protect against autoimmune diseases in many ways. In this review, we summarize the structure, expression and signaling pathway of CTLA-4. We also highlight how CTLA-4 defends against potentially self-reactive T cells. Finally, we discuss how the CTLA-4 regulates a number of autoimmune diseases that indicate manipulation of this inhibitory molecule is a promise as a strategy for the immunotherapy of autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Hosseini
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Tohid Gharibi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Faroogh Marofi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zohreh Babaloo
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Anti-LFA-1 induces CD8 T-cell dependent allograft tolerance and augments suppressor phenotype CD8 cells. Cell Immunol 2018; 332:101-110. [PMID: 30103941 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The induction of tolerance to transplanted organs is a major objective in transplantation immunology research. Lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) interactions have been identified as a key component of the T-cell activation process that may be interrupted to lead to allograft tolerance. In mice, αLFA-1 mAb is a potent monotherapy that leads to the induction of donor-specific transferable tolerance. By interrogating important adaptive and innate immunity pathways, we demonstrate that the induction of tolerance relies on CD8+T-cells. We further demonstrate that αLFA-1 induced tolerance is associated with CD8+CD28-T-cells with a suppressor phenotype, and that while CD8 cells are present, the effector T-cell response is abrogated. A recent publication has shown that CD8+CD28- cells are not diminished by cyclosporine or rapamycin, therefore CD8+CD28- cells represent a clinically relevant population. To our knowledge, this is the first time that a mechanism for αLFA-1 induced tolerance has been described.
Collapse
|
16
|
Bézie S, Meistermann D, Boucault L, Kilens S, Zoppi J, Autrusseau E, Donnart A, Nerrière-Daguin V, Bellier-Waast F, Charpentier E, Duteille F, David L, Anegon I, Guillonneau C. Ex Vivo Expanded Human Non-Cytotoxic CD8 +CD45RC low/- Tregs Efficiently Delay Skin Graft Rejection and GVHD in Humanized Mice. Front Immunol 2018; 8:2014. [PMID: 29445370 PMCID: PMC5797797 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.02014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Both CD4+ and CD8+ Tregs play a critical role in the control of immune responses and immune tolerance; however, our understanding of CD8+ Tregs is limited while they are particularly promising for therapeutic application. We report here existence of highly suppressive human CD8+CD45RClow/− Tregs expressing Foxp3 and producing IFNγ, IL-10, IL-34, and TGFβ to mediate their suppressive activity. We demonstrate that total CD8+CD45RClow/− Tregs can be efficiently expanded in the presence of anti-CD3/28 mAbs, high-dose IL-2 and IL-15 and that such expanded Tregs efficiently delay GVHD and human skin transplantation rejection in immune humanized mice. Robustly expanded CD8+ Tregs displayed a specific gene signature, upregulated cytokines and expansion in the presence of rapamycin greatly improved proliferation and suppression. We show that CD8+CD45RClow/− Tregs are equivalent to canonical CD4+CD25highCD127low/− Tregs for suppression of allogeneic immune responses in vitro. Altogether, our results open new perspectives to tolerogenic strategies in human solid organ transplantation and GVHD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Bézie
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Dimitri Meistermann
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,Laboratoire des Sciences du Numérique de Nantes (LS2N) UMR6004, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Laetitia Boucault
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Stéphanie Kilens
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Johanna Zoppi
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Elodie Autrusseau
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Audrey Donnart
- INSERM UMR1087, CNRS UMR6291, Université de Nantes, l'institut du thorax, Nantes, France
| | - Véronique Nerrière-Daguin
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | | | - Eric Charpentier
- INSERM UMR1087, CNRS UMR6291, Université de Nantes, l'institut du thorax, Nantes, France
| | - Franck Duteille
- Chirurgie Plastique Reconstructrice et Esthétique, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Laurent David
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,INSERM UMS 016, SFR Francois Bonamy, iPSC core facility, CNRS UMS 3556, Université de Nantes, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Carole Guillonneau
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Dai SX, Gu HX, Lin QY, Huang SZ, Xing TS, Zhang QF, Wu G, Chen MH, Tan WE, Jian HJ, Zheng ZW, Zhong T, Zhang MH, Cheng XF, Huang P, Liao GJ, Sha WH. CD8 +CD28 +/CD8 +CD28 - T cell equilibrium can predict the active stage for patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2017; 41:693-702. [PMID: 28502591 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2017.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The balance of blood CD8+CD28+/CD8+CD28- T cells has been verified to be vital for patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), but their role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unknown. This investigation aimed to evaluate the efficiency of the balance in predicting the active stage in IBD patients. METHODS Fifty-three IBD subjects, including 31 UC and 22 Crohn's disease (CD) patients, were enrolled, and their peripheral blood CD8+CD28+ and CD8+CD28- T cell levels were tested using flow cytometry. The risk factors related to prognosis were compared between UC and CD patients. A 1-year follow-up was performed for all the IBD patients, and the CD8+ T cells and their ratio were compared at the 3rd, 6th, 9th, and 12th months during follow-up. The sensitivity and specificity of the CD8+ T cell level and balance were analyzed through receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves. The cumulative remission lasting rates (CRLRs) under the different factors were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS Higher prescription rates of immunosuppressants, steroids, probiotics, and biological agents (BAs) were found in CD subjects in comparison to UC subjects (P=0.005, 0.024, 0.034, and 0.001), as was a higher active rate during follow-up (95.5% of CD patients vs 67.7% of UC patients, P=0.035). The CD8+CD28+ T cell level and the CD8+CD28+/CD8+CD28- T cell ratio were significantly higher in UC patients than in CD patients, but the reverse was true for CD8+CD28- T cells during follow-up at the 9th and 12th month (all P<0.05). The diagnostic models of the initial CD8+CD28+ and CD8+CD28- T cell numbers and the CD8+CD28+/CD8+CD28- T cell ratio in predicting the active stage were found to be significant, with areas under the curves (AUCs) of 0.883, 0.098, and 0.913 for UC subjects (with 95% CI: 0.709-0.940, 0.009-0.188, and 0.842-1.003; P=0.001, 0.00, and 0.000) and 0.812, 0.078, and 0.898 for CD subjects (with 95% CI: 0.683-0.957, 0.003-0.158, and 0.837-0.998; P=0.003, 0.00, and 0.000). The cut-off values showed that when the ratios were 1.30 for UC and 1.22 for CD patients, the best sensitivity and specificity were observed, with 91.6% and 89.0% for UC and 88.5% and 85.1% for CD, respectively. The CRLRs were significantly higher in female, non-BA-treated, non-surgical IBD subjects when compared to male, BA-treated, surgical subjects (P=0.031, 0.000, and 0.000). The number of CD8+CD28+ and CD8+CD28- T cells and the CD8+CD28+/CD8+CD28- T cell ratio were correlated with BA treatment and surgery (all P<0.05). CONCLUSION The CD8+CD28+/CD8+CD28- T cell balance, expected to be a novel immunologic marker, presented a satisfactory efficiency with high sensitivity and specificity in predicting the active stage in UC and CD patients, and the balance was closely related to the use of BAs and surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Xue Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong General Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Hong-Xiang Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Qian-Yi Lin
- Undergraduate of Grade 2013, The First Clinical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Shao-Zhuo Huang
- Undergraduate of Grade 2014, The First Clinical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Tiao-Si Xing
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - Qing-Fang Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong General Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Emergency, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Min-Hua Chen
- Undergraduate of Grade 2013, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Wan-Er Tan
- Undergraduate of Grade 2013, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Hong-Jian Jian
- Department of Emergency, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Zhong-Wen Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong General Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Tao Zhong
- Department of Emergency, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Min-Hai Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Xing-Fang Cheng
- Undergraduate of Grade 2014, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of Emergency, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Guang-Jie Liao
- Department of Emergency, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Wei-Hong Sha
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong General Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Characterization and Expansion of Autologous GMP-ready Regulatory T Cells for TREG-based Cell Therapy in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2017; 23:1348-1359. [PMID: 28708802 DOI: 10.1097/mib.0000000000001192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A local imbalance between regulatory (Treg) and effector T cells is believed to play a major role in gut-specific inflammation, including ulcerative colitis (UC). Restoration of this balance through an adoptive Treg transfer is an attractive new treatment approach in patients who are refractory to current standard therapies. It was our goal to develop a Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP)-conform protocol for expansion of UC Treg cells as a rational backbone for future studies on Treg therapy in UC. METHODS CD25 blood T cells derived from patients with UC were ex vivo expanded in the presence of IL-2, rapamycin, and anti-CD3/anti-CD28 expander beads using a GMP-conform protocol. Cells were subsequently assessed for stability and function. RESULTS Patient-derived ex vivo rapamycin-expanded GMP-ready CD25 cells were polyclonal, hypomethylated at intron 1 of the FoxP3 locus, and suppressive in carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester-dilution assays against autologous peripheral blood-derived and allogeneic colon-derived responder cells. Function was mediated by soluble factors, including toxic granules. In addition to CD4 T cells, suppressive hypermethylated CD8 T-cell subsets were also induced during the expansion process. CONCLUSIONS Patient-derived rapamycin-expanded CD25 cells are stable and functional, and as such, ready to serve in a phase I dose-escalation safety study in UC.
Collapse
|
19
|
Farina MS, Lundgren KT, Bellmunt J. Immunotherapy in Urothelial Cancer: Recent Results and Future Perspectives. Drugs 2017; 77:1077-1089. [PMID: 28493171 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-017-0748-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Cytotoxic chemotherapy has been the only systemic treatment of locally advanced and metastatic urothelial carcinoma for decades. Long-term survival remains stagnant around 12-14 months for patients with advanced disease who have progressed on or recurred after receiving first-line platinum-based chemotherapy. Improving clinical outcomes for patients with urothelial carcinoma in all disease settings requires the development of novel treatments, especially for patients who failed on first-line chemotherapy. Since the discovery of intravesical Bacillus-Calmette Guerin (BCG) in the 1970s for non-muscle invasive disease, there have not been any major breakthrough drugs that exploit the immune-sensitivity of bladder cancer until recently. Immune-checkpoint inhibitors targeting the programmed death 1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) pathways have shown significant anti-tumor activity, tolerable safety profiles and durable, long-term responses in clinical trials. Atezolizumab, avelumab, durvalumab, nivolumab and pembrolizumab are promising PD-1/PD-L1 blockade drugs under investigation that will redefine the standard of care for bladder cancer. CTLA-4 inhibitors are also under investigation in this setting. Atezolizumab, approved in May 2016, and nivolumab, approved in February 2017, are the first Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved immune-checkpoint inhibitors in bladder cancer for platinum-pretreated patients based on phase II data. On March 16, 2017, results from the phase III trial KEYNOTE-045 demonstrated that survival was significantly longer in patients treated with pembrolizumab when compared with the standard second-line chemotherapy. Research into biomarkers such as PD-L1 expression, messenger RNA subtype, mutational and neoantigen load and gene signature expression will be crucial to determining why some patients respond to immunotherapy and others do not. This review article describes the advances in immunotherapy since the development of BCG, presents results from clinical trials investigating immune-checkpoint inhibitors and discusses biomarkers and prognostic factors associated with response to these new drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S Farina
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Ave, DANA 1230, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Kevin T Lundgren
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Ave, DANA 1230, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Joaquim Bellmunt
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Ave, DANA 1230, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
- IMIM-Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Doctor Aiguader, 88, 1st Floor, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sun X, He S, Lv C, Sun X, Wang J, Zheng W, Wang D. Analysis of murine and human Treg subsets in inflammatory bowel disease. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:2893-2898. [PMID: 28677759 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that regulatory T cells serve essential roles in maintaining intestinal homeostasis, however, the role of different Treg subsets in modulating inflammatory bowel disease has still not been addressed clearly. In the present study, the authors measured the percentage of Foxp3+ IL‑10+ TGF‑β+ natural Tregs, Foxp3‑ IL‑10+ TGF‑β‑ induced Tregs, CD127‑ induced Tregs and CD8+ Tregs at different time points in DSS‑induced experimental colitis model in murine lamina propria lymphocytes, mesenteric lymph node and peripheral blood. In addition, the authors compared the frequency of four Treg subsets in patients diagnosed of ulcerative colitis at different stages with enrolled healthy controls. The percentage of Foxp3+ IL‑10+ TGF‑β+ natural Tregs decreased in acute stage of both human and mice was observed, but proliferated significantly during remittent stage. Foxp3‑ IL‑10+ TGF‑β‑ inducible (i) Treg and CD127‑ iTreg was observed as being significantly decreased percentage in LPL at 4 and 7 days, the frequency of Foxp3‑ IL‑10+ TGF‑β‑ iTreg cells became decreased and CD127‑ iTreg only slightly increased at the chronic stage following DSS induction. However, the proportion of both Foxp3‑ IL‑10+ TGF‑β‑ iTreg and CD127‑ iTreg was nearly unchanged in human IBD. Although intestinal inflammation decreased the percentage of CD8+ Tregs, it remained lower in the remittent stage of human IBD. Only enhanced proliferation of lamina propria lymphocytes‑derived CD8+ Treg was reported at 7 days in dextran sodium sulfate‑induced murine colitis. The results demonstrated that Foxp3+ IL‑10+ TGF‑β+ natural Tregs may serve an essential role in exhibiting suppressive and protecting from immune‑related mucosal injury during chronic stage in inflammatory bowel disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Sun
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Shaoheng He
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Changlong Lv
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Xun Sun
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Junling Wang
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Wenjiao Zheng
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Danan Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zundler S, Neurath MF. Pathogenic T cell subsets in allergic and chronic inflammatory bowel disorders. Immunol Rev 2017; 278:263-276. [DOI: 10.1111/imr.12544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Zundler
- Department of Medicine 1; University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; Kussmaul Campus for Medical Research & Translational Research Center; Erlangen Germany
| | - Markus F. Neurath
- Department of Medicine 1; University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; Kussmaul Campus for Medical Research & Translational Research Center; Erlangen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Novel Insights into the Mechanisms of Gut Homing and Antiadhesion Therapies in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2017; 23:617-627. [PMID: 28296823 DOI: 10.1097/mib.0000000000001067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic compounds interfering with T cell trafficking are a new column of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treatment. Currently, the anti-α4β7 integrin antibody vedolizumab is successfully used in the clinic and further drugs are likely to follow. Despite these clinical advances, the precise mechanistic background of their action is only gradually elucidated and still a matter of intensive research. Only recently, advances made with the help of new in vivo models and human studies have contributed to shape our concept of T cell trafficking in IBD by deciphering some important and so far unanswered questions. At the same time, basic and clinical data have generated new issues to be addressed on the way toward a clear perception of trafficking mechanisms and toward elucidation of the action of compounds interfering with this process. In this review, we will give a comprehensive outline of all components of T cell trafficking in regard to IBD before discussing the current knowledge concerning targeted interference with integrins in this complex network. Moreover, we will summarize remaining ambiguity and give an outlook on potential future targets.
Collapse
|
23
|
Dai S, Gu H, Lin Q, Xing T, Chen M, Zhong T, Wu G, Feng Y, Liu H, Gao Y, Jian H, Zhang M, Mo H, Zhu H, Chen D, Xu J, Zou Y, Chi H, Zhu Y. Disequilibrium in the CD8 +CD28 +/CD8 +CD28 - T Lymphocyte Balance Is Related to Prognosis in Rats with Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid-Induced Colitis. Dig Dis Sci 2017; 62:639-651. [PMID: 28035546 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-016-4424-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The CD8+CD28+/CD8+CD28- T lymphocyte balance is vital for human ulcerative colitis (UC) but has not been defined in experimental colitis. This investigation will try to identify the changes that occur in the CD8+CD28+/CD8+CD28- T lymphocyte balance during the progression of trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis in rats. METHODS The frequencies of blood CD8+CD28+ and CD8+CD28- T lymphocytes were detected in the rats belonging to the normal, model, and treated groups on five days using flow cytometry. The treated rats were administered with mesalazine and were euthanized after a 14-day treatment, as were the normal and model rats. The sensitivity and specificity of the CD8+CD28+/CD8+CD28- T lymphocyte balance in diagnosing early colitis were analyzed by receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves. The frequencies of CD8+CD28+ and CD8+CD28- T lymphocytes in the colon tissue were tested via immunofluorescence. ELISA was used to measure the levels of the cytokines. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were used to detect the colonic expression of JAK3, STAT6, NFATc2, and GATA3. RESULTS We found that the ratio of CD8+CD28+/CD8+CD28- T lymphocytes decreased, as did the level of interleukin-7, but not IL-12p40, IL-13, or IL-15, in the blood; however, the ratio increased along with JAK3, STAT6, NFATc2, and GATA3 in the colon of the rats with colitis. The changes were effectively reversed through the administration of mesalazine for 13 days. Surprisingly, the balance in the blood could sensitively distinguish rats with early colitis from normal rats. CONCLUSION These data show that increase in CD8+CD28+ T cells in blood and decrease in CD8+CD28- T cells in colon are associated with experimental colitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shixue Dai
- Department of Rheumatology, TCM-Integrated Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 13, Shiliugang Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510315, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Emergency, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong General Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongxiang Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianyi Lin
- Undergraduate of Grade 2013, The First Clinical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiaosi Xing
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - Minhua Chen
- Undergraduate of Grade 2013, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Zhong
- Department of Emergency, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Emergency, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanling Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, 223001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbo Liu
- Department of Spleen and Stomach Diseases, Tai'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tai'an, 271000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510900, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjian Jian
- Department of Emergency, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Minhai Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongmei Mo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanjie Zhu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongsheng Chen
- Department of Emergency, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Emergency, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zou
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Honggang Chi
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuzhen Zhu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drug, Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Vuddamalay Y, van Meerwijk JPM. CD28 - and CD28 lowCD8 + Regulatory T Cells: Of Mice and Men. Front Immunol 2017; 8:31. [PMID: 28167946 PMCID: PMC5256148 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the rebirth of regulatory (formerly known as suppressor) T cells in the early 1990s, research in the field of immune-regulation by various T cell populations has quickly gained momentum. While T cells expressing the transcription factor Foxp3 are currently in the spotlight, several other T cell populations endowed with potent immunomodulatory capacities have been identified in both the CD8+ and CD4+ compartment. The fundamental difference between CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in terms of antigen recognition suggests non-redundant, and perhaps complementary, functions of regulatory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in immunoregulation. This emphasizes the importance and necessity of continuous research on both subpopulations of regulatory T cells (Tregs) so as to decipher their complex physiological relevance and possible synergy. Two distinct CD8-expressing Treg populations can be distinguished based on expression of the co-stimulatory receptor CD28. Here, we review the literature on these (at least in part) thymus-derived CD28low and peripherally induced CD28-CD8+ Tregs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yirajen Vuddamalay
- School of Health Sciences, University of Technology , Port Louis , Mauritius
| | - Joost P M van Meerwijk
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1043, Toulouse, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), U5282, Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Humbert M, Hugues S, Dubrot J. Shaping of Peripheral T Cell Responses by Lymphatic Endothelial Cells. Front Immunol 2017; 7:684. [PMID: 28127298 PMCID: PMC5226940 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymph node stromal cells (LNSCs) have newly been promoted to the rank of new modulators of T cell responses. The different non-hematopoietic cell subsets in lymph node (LN) were considered for years as a simple scaffold, forming routes and proper environment for antigen (Ag)-lymphocyte encountering. Deeper characterization of those cells has recently clearly shown their impact on both dendritic cell and T cell functions. In particular, lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) control lymphocyte trafficking and homeostasis in LNs and limit adaptive immune responses. Therefore, the new role of LECs in shaping immune responses has drawn the attention of immunologists. Striking is the discovery that LECs, among other LNSCs, ectopically express a large range of peripheral tissue-restricted Ags (PTAs), and further present PTA-derived peptides through major histocompatibility class I molecules to induce self-reactive CD8+ T cell deletional tolerance. In addition, both steady-state and tumor-associated LECs were described to be capable of exogenous Ag cross-presentation. Whether LECs can similarly impact CD4+ T cell responses through major histocompatibility class II restricted Ag presentation is still a matter of debate. Here, we review and discuss our current knowledge on the contribution of Ag-presenting LECs as regulators of peripheral T cell responses in different immunological contexts, including autoimmunity and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marion Humbert
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva Medical School , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Stéphanie Hugues
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva Medical School , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Juan Dubrot
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva Medical School , Geneva , Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
More than 15 years ago, mutations in the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene were identified as the cause of autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 1 (APS1). It is now clear that this transcription factor has a crucial role in promoting self-tolerance in the thymus by regulating the expression of a wide array of self-antigens that have the commonality of being tissue-restricted in their expression pattern in the periphery. In this Review, we highlight many of the recent advances in our understanding of the complex biology that is related to AIRE, with a particular focus on advances in genetics, molecular interactions and the effect of AIRE on thymic selection of regulatory T cells. Furthermore, we highlight new areas of biology that are potentially affected by this key regulator of immune tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maureen A. Su
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
- Department of Microbiology/Immunology, School of Medicine, and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Mark S. Anderson
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Vuddamalay Y, Attia M, Vicente R, Pomié C, Enault G, Leobon B, Joffre O, Romagnoli P, van Meerwijk JPM. Mouse and human CD8(+) CD28(low) regulatory T lymphocytes differentiate in the thymus. Immunology 2016; 148:187-96. [PMID: 26924728 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T (Treg) lymphocytes play a central role in the control of immune responses and so maintain immune tolerance and homeostasis. In mice, expression of the CD8 co-receptor and low levels of the co-stimulatory molecule CD28 characterizes a Treg cell population that exerts potent suppressive function in vitro and efficiently controls experimental immunopathology in vivo. It has remained unclear if CD8(+) CD28(low) Treg cells develop in the thymus or represent a population of chronically activated conventional T cells differentiating into Treg cells in the periphery, as suggested by their CD28(low) phenotype. We demonstrate that functional CD8(+) CD28(low) Treg cells are present in the thymus and that these cells develop locally and are not recirculating from the periphery. Differentiation of CD8(+) CD28(low) Treg cells requires MHC class I expression on radioresistant but not on haematopoietic thymic stromal cells. In contrast to other Treg cells, CD8(+) CD28(low) Treg cells develop simultaneously with CD8(+) CD28(high) conventional T cells. We also identified a novel homologous naive CD8(+) CD28(low) T-cell population with immunosuppressive properties in human blood and thymus. Combined, our data demonstrate that CD8(+) CD28(low) cells can develop in the thymus of mice and suggest that the same is true in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yirajen Vuddamalay
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) U1043, Toulouse, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) U5282, Toulouse, France.,Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Mehdi Attia
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) U1043, Toulouse, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) U5282, Toulouse, France.,Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Rita Vicente
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) U1043, Toulouse, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) U5282, Toulouse, France.,Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Céline Pomié
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) U1043, Toulouse, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) U5282, Toulouse, France.,Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Geneviève Enault
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) U1043, Toulouse, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) U5282, Toulouse, France.,Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Bertrand Leobon
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiovascular surgery, Children Hospital, University Hospital of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Olivier Joffre
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) U1043, Toulouse, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) U5282, Toulouse, France.,Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Paola Romagnoli
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) U1043, Toulouse, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) U5282, Toulouse, France.,Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Joost P M van Meerwijk
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) U1043, Toulouse, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) U5282, Toulouse, France.,Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
T Lymphocyte Dynamics in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Role of the Microbiome. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:504638. [PMID: 26583115 PMCID: PMC4637034 DOI: 10.1155/2015/504638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Humans have coevolved with a complex community of bacterial species also referred to as the microbiome, which reciprocally provides critical contributions to human metabolism and immune system development. Gut microbiome composition differs significantly between individuals depending on host genetics, diet, and environmental factors. A dysregulation of the symbiotic nature of the intestinal host-microbial relationship and an aberrant and persistent immune response are the fundamental processes involved in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Considering the essential role of T cells in IBD and the contributing role of the microbiome in shaping the immune response during the pathogenesis of IBD, this review focuses on the complex relationship, interplay, and communication between the gut microbiome and T cells, including their differentiation into different subsets of effector or regulatory cells.
Collapse
|
29
|
Chen D, Wang Y, Wang H, Wu Y, Xia S, Zhang M. CD8(+) T activation attenuates CD4(+) T proliferation through dendritic cells modification. Cell Immunol 2015; 296:138-48. [PMID: 26022412 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence has suggested that CD8(+) T had modulatory function on CD4(+) T mediated autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we found that CD8(+) T activation inhibited OVA(323-339) antigen specific CD4(+) T cells proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Further investigation demonstrated that this immunosuppression largely depended on the soluble factor from activated CD8(+) T to modify the phenotype and functions of DCs. Moreover, not only the inhibitors for IDO or iNOS, but also IFN-γ neutralization markedly reversed this immunosuppression on OVA(323-339) antigen specific CD4(+) T cells proliferation. Interestingly, CD8(+) T cells absence aggravated the pathological damage in lung in OVA-induced asthma model, but alleviated by CD8(+) T transfer and activation. Thus, these findings suggested that activated CD8(+) T population exerted feedback regulation in DCs modification, and then attenuated CD4(+) T mediated immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongwei Chen
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Wang
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiqing Wu
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Xia
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Minghui Zhang
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Liu Q, Zheng H, Chen X, Peng Y, Huang W, Li X, Li G, Xia W, Sun Q, Xiang AP. Human mesenchymal stromal cells enhance the immunomodulatory function of CD8(+)CD28(-) regulatory T cells. Cell Mol Immunol 2014; 12:708-18. [PMID: 25482073 PMCID: PMC4716622 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2014.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
One important aspect of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs)-mediated immunomodulation is the recruitment and induction of regulatory T (Treg) cells. However, we do not yet know whether MSCs have similar effects on the other subsets of Treg cells. Herein, we studied the effects of MSCs on CD8(+)CD28(-) Treg cells and found that the MSCs could not only increase the proportion of CD8(+)CD28(-) T cells, but also enhance CD8(+)CD28(-)T cells' ability of hampering naive CD4(+) T-cell proliferation and activation, decreasing the production of IFN-γ by activated CD4(+) T cells and inducing the apoptosis of activated CD4(+) T cells. Mechanistically, the MSCs affected the functions of the CD8(+)CD28(-) T cells partially through moderate upregulating the expression of IL-10 and FasL. The MSCs had no distinct effect on the shift from CD8(+)CD28(+) T cells to CD8(+)CD28(-) T cells, but did increase the proportion of CD8(+)CD28(-) T cells by reducing their rate of apoptosis. In summary, this study shows that MSCs can enhance the regulatory function of CD8(+)CD28(-) Treg cells, shedding new light on MSCs-mediated immune regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuli Liu
- Cell-gene Therapy Translational Medicine Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, The Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiqing Zheng
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, The Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyong Chen
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, The Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanwen Peng
- Cell-gene Therapy Translational Medicine Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, The Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weijun Huang
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, The Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, The Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gang Li
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, The Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjie Xia
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiquan Sun
- Department of Renal Transplantation, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Andy Peng Xiang
- Cell-gene Therapy Translational Medicine Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, The Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan Medical School, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kouchaki E, Salehi M, Reza Sharif M, Nikoueinejad H, Akbari H. Numerical status of CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) and CD8(+)CD28(-) regulatory T cells in multiple sclerosis. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2014; 17:250-5. [PMID: 24904717 PMCID: PMC4046232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Regulatory T cells, including CD4+CD25+Fox3+ and CD8+CD28- cells play an important role in regulating the balance between immunity and tolerance. Since multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory autoimmune disease, regulatory T cells are considered to be involved in its pathogenesis. In this study, we investigated the circulatory numbers of the two mentioned types of regulatory T cells and also their association with different clinical characteristics in 84 multiple sclerosis patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS 84 patients with multiple sclerosis and 75 normal individuals were studied. Demographic and clinical information of all participants were collected via questionnaire and clinical examination as well as MRI. The peripheral blood frequency of two different subgroups of regulatory T cells (CD4+ CD25+Foxp3+ and CD8+CD28- cells) were analyzed by flow cytometry using anti-human antibodies conjugated with CD4-FITC / CD25-PE/Foxp3-PE-Cy5, CD3-PE/CD8a-PE-Cy5/CD28-FITC. RESULTS The frequency of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ cells in multiple sclerosis patients was significantly less than that in healthy controls (P=0.006) and in mild forms less than that in sever forms (P=0.003). There was not any correlation between the frequency of regulatory T cells and different clinical variables. CONCLUSION Our results showed that the number of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ cells decreases significantly in multiple sclerosis patients, which probably shows the regulatory role of these cells in multiple sclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Kouchaki
- Department of Neurology, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mahdi Salehi
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | | | - Hassan Nikoueinejad
- Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding author: Hassan Nikoueinejad. Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Tel: +98-361-5550021;
| | - Hossein Akbari
- Trauma Research center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Bersudsky M, Luski L, Fishman D, White RM, Ziv-Sokolovskaya N, Dotan S, Rider P, Kaplanov I, Aychek T, Dinarello CA, Apte RN, Voronov E. Non-redundant properties of IL-1α and IL-1β during acute colon inflammation in mice. Gut 2014; 63:598-609. [PMID: 23793223 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2012-303329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The differential role of the IL-1 agonists, IL-1α, which is mainly cell-associated versus IL-1β, which is mostly secreted, was studied in colon inflammation. DESIGN Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) colitis was induced in mice globally deficient in either IL-1α or IL-1β, and in wild-type mice, or in mice with conditional deletion of IL-1α in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). Bone marrow transplantation experiments were performed to assess the role of IL-1α or IL-1β of myeloid versus colon non-hematopoietic cells in inflammation and repair in acute colitis. RESULTS IL-1α released from damaged IECs acts as an alarmin by initiating and propagating colon inflammation, as IL-1α deficient mice exhibited mild disease symptoms with improved recovery. IL-1β is involved in repair of IECs and reconstitution of the epithelial barrier during the resolution of colitis; its deficiency correlates with disease exacerbation. Neutralisation of IL-1α in control mice during acute colitis led to alleviation of clinical and histological manifestations, whereas treatment with rIL-1Ra or anti-IL-1β antibodies was not effective. Repair after colitis correlated with accumulation of CD8 and regulatory T cells in damaged crypts. CONCLUSIONS The role of IL-1α and IL-1β differs in DSS-induced colitis in that IL-1α, mainly of colon epithelial cells is inflammatory, whereas IL-1β, mainly of myeloid cell origin, promotes healing and repair. Given the dissimilar functions of each IL-1 agonistic molecule, an IL-1 receptor blockade would not be as therapeutically effective as specific neutralising of IL-1α, which leaves IL-1β function intact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Bersudsky
- Faculty of Health Sciences, The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology and Immunology and The Cancer Research Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, , Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Laroumanie F, Douin-Echinard V, Pozzo J, Lairez O, Tortosa F, Vinel C, Delage C, Calise D, Dutaur M, Parini A, Pizzinat N. CD4+ T cells promote the transition from hypertrophy to heart failure during chronic pressure overload. Circulation 2014; 129:2111-24. [PMID: 24657994 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.113.007101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanisms by which the heart adapts to chronic pressure overload, producing compensated hypertrophy and eventually heart failure (HF), are still not well defined. We aimed to investigate the involvement of T cells in the progression to HF using a transverse aortic constriction (TAC) model. METHODS AND RESULTS Chronic HF was associated with accumulation of T lymphocytes and activated/effector CD4(+) T cells within cardiac tissue. After TAC, enlarged heart mediastinal draining lymph nodes showed a high density of both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell subsets. To investigate the role of T cells in HF, TAC was performed on mice deficient for recombination activating gene 2 expression (RAG2KO) lacking B and T lymphocytes. Compared with wild-type TAC mice, RAG2KO mice did not develop cardiac dilation and showed improved contractile function and blunted adverse remodeling. Reconstitution of the T-cell compartment into RAG2KO mice before TAC enhanced contractile dysfunction, fibrosis, collagen accumulation, and cross-linking. To determine the involvement of a specific T-cell subset, we performed TAC on mice lacking CD4(+) (MHCIIKO) and CD8(+) T-cell subsets (CD8KO). In contrast to CD8KO mice, MHCIIKO mice did not develop ventricular dilation and dysfunction. MHCIIKO mice also displayed very low fibrosis, collagen accumulation, and cross-linking within cardiac tissue. Interestingly, mice with transgenic CD4(+) T-cell receptor specific for ovalbumin failed to develop HF and adverse remodeling. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate for the first time a crucial role of CD4(+) T cells and specific antigen recognition in the progression from compensated cardiac hypertrophy to HF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Laroumanie
- From the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1048 (INSERM), Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (I2MC), Rangueil, Toulouse, France (F.L., V.D.-E., C.V., F.T., M.D., A.P., N.P.); Toulouse III University, Toulouse, France (F.L., V.D.-E., C.V., F.T., M.D., A.P., N.P.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Rangueil, Toulouse, France (J.P., O.L.); and INSERM-UMS 006-Microsurgery Facility, Toulouse, France (C.D., D.C.)
| | - Victorine Douin-Echinard
- From the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1048 (INSERM), Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (I2MC), Rangueil, Toulouse, France (F.L., V.D.-E., C.V., F.T., M.D., A.P., N.P.); Toulouse III University, Toulouse, France (F.L., V.D.-E., C.V., F.T., M.D., A.P., N.P.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Rangueil, Toulouse, France (J.P., O.L.); and INSERM-UMS 006-Microsurgery Facility, Toulouse, France (C.D., D.C.)
| | - Joffrey Pozzo
- From the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1048 (INSERM), Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (I2MC), Rangueil, Toulouse, France (F.L., V.D.-E., C.V., F.T., M.D., A.P., N.P.); Toulouse III University, Toulouse, France (F.L., V.D.-E., C.V., F.T., M.D., A.P., N.P.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Rangueil, Toulouse, France (J.P., O.L.); and INSERM-UMS 006-Microsurgery Facility, Toulouse, France (C.D., D.C.)
| | - Olivier Lairez
- From the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1048 (INSERM), Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (I2MC), Rangueil, Toulouse, France (F.L., V.D.-E., C.V., F.T., M.D., A.P., N.P.); Toulouse III University, Toulouse, France (F.L., V.D.-E., C.V., F.T., M.D., A.P., N.P.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Rangueil, Toulouse, France (J.P., O.L.); and INSERM-UMS 006-Microsurgery Facility, Toulouse, France (C.D., D.C.)
| | - Florence Tortosa
- From the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1048 (INSERM), Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (I2MC), Rangueil, Toulouse, France (F.L., V.D.-E., C.V., F.T., M.D., A.P., N.P.); Toulouse III University, Toulouse, France (F.L., V.D.-E., C.V., F.T., M.D., A.P., N.P.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Rangueil, Toulouse, France (J.P., O.L.); and INSERM-UMS 006-Microsurgery Facility, Toulouse, France (C.D., D.C.)
| | - Claire Vinel
- From the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1048 (INSERM), Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (I2MC), Rangueil, Toulouse, France (F.L., V.D.-E., C.V., F.T., M.D., A.P., N.P.); Toulouse III University, Toulouse, France (F.L., V.D.-E., C.V., F.T., M.D., A.P., N.P.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Rangueil, Toulouse, France (J.P., O.L.); and INSERM-UMS 006-Microsurgery Facility, Toulouse, France (C.D., D.C.)
| | - Christine Delage
- From the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1048 (INSERM), Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (I2MC), Rangueil, Toulouse, France (F.L., V.D.-E., C.V., F.T., M.D., A.P., N.P.); Toulouse III University, Toulouse, France (F.L., V.D.-E., C.V., F.T., M.D., A.P., N.P.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Rangueil, Toulouse, France (J.P., O.L.); and INSERM-UMS 006-Microsurgery Facility, Toulouse, France (C.D., D.C.)
| | - Denis Calise
- From the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1048 (INSERM), Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (I2MC), Rangueil, Toulouse, France (F.L., V.D.-E., C.V., F.T., M.D., A.P., N.P.); Toulouse III University, Toulouse, France (F.L., V.D.-E., C.V., F.T., M.D., A.P., N.P.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Rangueil, Toulouse, France (J.P., O.L.); and INSERM-UMS 006-Microsurgery Facility, Toulouse, France (C.D., D.C.)
| | - Marianne Dutaur
- From the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1048 (INSERM), Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (I2MC), Rangueil, Toulouse, France (F.L., V.D.-E., C.V., F.T., M.D., A.P., N.P.); Toulouse III University, Toulouse, France (F.L., V.D.-E., C.V., F.T., M.D., A.P., N.P.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Rangueil, Toulouse, France (J.P., O.L.); and INSERM-UMS 006-Microsurgery Facility, Toulouse, France (C.D., D.C.)
| | - Angelo Parini
- From the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1048 (INSERM), Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (I2MC), Rangueil, Toulouse, France (F.L., V.D.-E., C.V., F.T., M.D., A.P., N.P.); Toulouse III University, Toulouse, France (F.L., V.D.-E., C.V., F.T., M.D., A.P., N.P.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Rangueil, Toulouse, France (J.P., O.L.); and INSERM-UMS 006-Microsurgery Facility, Toulouse, France (C.D., D.C.)
| | - Nathalie Pizzinat
- From the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1048 (INSERM), Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (I2MC), Rangueil, Toulouse, France (F.L., V.D.-E., C.V., F.T., M.D., A.P., N.P.); Toulouse III University, Toulouse, France (F.L., V.D.-E., C.V., F.T., M.D., A.P., N.P.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Rangueil, Toulouse, France (J.P., O.L.); and INSERM-UMS 006-Microsurgery Facility, Toulouse, France (C.D., D.C.).
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Vitamin D receptor expression controls proliferation of naïve CD8+ T cells and development of CD8 mediated gastrointestinal inflammation. BMC Immunol 2014; 15:6. [PMID: 24502291 PMCID: PMC3923390 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2172-15-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D receptor (VDR) deficiency contributes to the development of experimental inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in several different models. T cells have been shown to express the VDR, and T cells are targets of vitamin D. In this article we determined the effects of VDR expression on CD8+ T cells. Results VDR KO CD8+ T cells, but not WT CD8+ T cells, induced colitis in Rag KO recipients. In addition, co-transfer of VDR KO CD8+ T cells with naïve CD4+ T cells accelerated colitis development. The more severe colitis was associated with rapidly proliferating naïve VDR KO CD8+ T cells and increased IFN-γ and IL-17 in the gut. VDR KO CD8+ T cells proliferated in vitro without antigen stimulation and did not downregulate CD62L and upregulate CD44 markers following proliferation that normally occurred in WT CD8+ T cells. The increased proliferation of VDR KO CD8+ cells was due in part to the higher production and response of the VDR KO cells to IL-2. Conclusions Our data indicate that expression of the VDR is required to prevent replication of quiescent CD8+ T cells. The inability to signal through the VDR resulted in the generation of pathogenic CD8+ T cells from rapidly proliferating cells that contributed to the development of IBD.
Collapse
|
35
|
Zhou J, Dimayuga PC, Zhao X, Yano J, Lio WM, Trinidad P, Honjo T, Cercek B, Shah PK, Chyu KY. CD8(+)CD25(+) T cells reduce atherosclerosis in apoE(-/-) mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 443:864-70. [PMID: 24342615 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is increasingly evident that CD8(+) T cells are involved in atherosclerosis but the specific subtypes have yet to be defined. CD8(+)CD25(+) T cells exert suppressive effects on immune signaling and modulate experimental autoimmune disorders but their role in atherosclerosis remains to be determined. The phenotype and functional role of CD8(+)CD25(+) T cells in experimental atherosclerosis were investigated in this study. METHODS AND RESULTS CD8(+)CD25(+) T cells were observed in atherosclerotic plaques of apoE(-/-) mice fed hypercholesterolemic diet. Characterization by flow cytometric analysis and functional evaluation using a CFSE-based proliferation assays revealed a suppressive phenotype and function of splenic CD8(+)CD25(+) T cells from apoE(-/-) mice. Depletion of CD8(+)CD25(+) from total CD8(+) T cells rendered higher cytolytic activity of the remaining CD8(+)CD25(-) T cells. Adoptive transfer of CD8(+)CD25(+) T cells into apoE(-/-) mice suppressed the proliferation of splenic CD4(+) T cells and significantly reduced atherosclerosis in recipient mice. CONCLUSIONS Our study has identified an athero-protective role for CD8(+)CD25(+) T cells in experimental atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianchang Zhou
- Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, United States
| | - Paul C Dimayuga
- Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, United States
| | - Xiaoning Zhao
- Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, United States
| | - Juliana Yano
- Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, United States
| | - Wai Man Lio
- Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, United States
| | - Portia Trinidad
- Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, United States
| | - Tomoyuki Honjo
- Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, United States
| | - Bojan Cercek
- Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, United States
| | - Prediman K Shah
- Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, United States
| | - Kuang-Yuh Chyu
- Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
INTRODUCTION CD8(+) T cells were originally considered to exert a suppressive role in demyelinating disease because of bias toward the CD4(+) T cell-mediated experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, the most common multiple sclerosis (MS) model. However, recent studies of human MS lesion samples and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) provided compelling evidence about the pathogenic role of CD8(+) T cells. In this article, we discuss the theoretical roles of different CD8(+) T-cell subsets in MS. AREAS COVERED A revised focus from CD4(+) to CD8(+) T cell-mediated demyelinating disease is summarized. Clonal expansion of CD8(+) T cells in MS lesions and in vitro evidence that CD8(+) T cells injure every central nervous system (CNS) cell type and transect axons are discussed. The role of CD8(+) T cells in two animal models of MS and of regulatory, interleukin (IL)-17-secreting CD8(+) T cells is reviewed. Lastly, an overview about the pathogenic and/or beneficial role of various CD8(+) T-cell subsets is offered. EXPERT OPINION Growing evidence supports the pathogenic role of CD8(+) T cells. Clonally expanded CD8(+) T cells within MS lesions may damage the nervous system. Revealing the specific antigen is critical to design novel efficient treatments with minimal adverse effects. Increasing evidence exists for the role of regulatory, IL-17-secreting CD8(+) T cells in MS.
Collapse
|
37
|
Dimayuga PC, Chyu KY, Lio WM, Zhao X, Yano J, Zhou J, Honjo T, Shah PK, Cercek B. Reduced neointima formation after arterial injury in CD4-/- mice is mediated by CD8+CD28hi T cells. J Am Heart Assoc 2013; 2:e000155. [PMID: 23702879 PMCID: PMC3698777 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.113.000155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background CD8+ T‐cell activation, characterized by increased CD28 expression, reduces neointima formation after arterial injury in mice. The CD8+CD28hi phenotype is associated with increased effector function. In this study, we used a mouse model that has CD8+ but no CD4+ T cells (CD4−/−) to assess the role of CD8+ T cells and test the function of CD8+CD28hi T cells in modulating neointima formation after arterial injury. Methods and Results Neointima formation after pericarotid arterial cuff injury was significantly less in CD4−/− mice compared with wild‐type (WT) mice. Negligible baseline lytic activity by splenic CD8+ T cells from uninjured WT mice against target syngeneic smooth muscle cells was significantly increased 7 days after injury. Interestingly, CD8+ T cells from uninjured CD4−/− mice had significant lytic activity at baseline that remained elevated 7 days after injury. CD8+ T‐cell lytic activity was significantly reduced by depletion of CD28hi cells. CD8+CD28hi T cells adoptively transferred into recipient Rag‐1−/− mice significantly reduced neointima formation compared with CD8+CD28+ T‐cell recipient mice. Conclusions CD8+ T cells reduced neointima formation after arterial injury, attributed in part to increased function of the CD8+CD28hi phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul C Dimayuga
- Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Farooq SM, Ashour HM. Eye-mediated induction of specific immune tolerance to encephalitogenic antigens. CNS Neurosci Ther 2013; 19:503-10. [PMID: 23522052 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Revised: 02/13/2013] [Accepted: 02/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Administration of antigens into the anterior chamber (AC) of the eye induces a form of antigen-specific immune tolerance termed anterior chamber-associated immune deviation (ACAID). This immune tolerance effectively impairs host delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses. We hypothesized that ACAID could be generated in BALB/c mice following AC inoculation of the encephalitogenic antigens myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) and myelin basic protein (MBP). METHODS We used DTH assays and local adoptive transfer (LAT) assays to test whether MOG/MBP-induced ACAID following their administration into the AC, whether they elicited this immune tolerance via CD8(+) T cells, and whether their AC coadministration (MOG/MBP) induced specific immune tolerance to one or both antigens. RESULTS We showed that MOG/MBP-induced AC-mediated specific immune tolerance, as evident from impaired DTH responses. This antigen-driven DTH suppression was solely mediated via splenic CD8(+) T cells as confirmed by LAT assays. Finally, a single AC injection with both antigens was sufficient to induce specific immune tolerance to these antigens, as evident from DTH and LAT assays. CONCLUSION ACAID T-cell regulation could be used as a therapeutic tool in the treatment of complicated autoimmune diseases that involve multiple antigens such as multiple sclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shukkur M Farooq
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Rabinowitz K, Mayer L. Working out mechanisms of controlled/physiologic inflammation in the GI tract. Immunol Res 2013; 54:14-24. [PMID: 22466933 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-012-8315-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The mucosal immune system is distinct from its systemic counterpart by virtue of its enormous antigenic exposure (commensal flora, food antigen, pathogens). Despite this, the mucosal immune system maintains a response defined as controlled or physiologic inflammation. This is regulated by many different mechanisms, among which there are physical, cellular and soluble factors. Our laboratory has focused on unique Tregs in the gut controlled by, in one instance, intestinal epithelial cells that serve as non-professional antigen-presenting cells. We believe that intestinal epithelial cells, expressing classical and non-classical MHC molecules, serve to activate Tregs and thus maintain controlled or physiologic inflammation. In this review, we describe regulatory cytokines and T cells that are one part of the emphasis of our laboratory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keren Rabinowitz
- Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Immunology Institute, 1425 Madison Avenue, Box 1089, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Rabinowitz KM, Wang Y, Chen EY, Hovhannisyan Z, Chiang D, Berin MC, Dahan S, Chaussabel D, Ma'ayan A, Mayer L. Transforming growth factor β signaling controls activities of human intestinal CD8(+)T suppressor cells. Gastroenterology 2013; 144:601-612.e1. [PMID: 23232296 PMCID: PMC3967796 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2012.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2011] [Revised: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS In healthy individuals, interactions between intestinal epithelial cells and lamina propria lymphocytes give rise to a population of CD8(+) T cells with suppressor functions (Ts cells). Disruption of Ts cell activities can lead to mucosal inflammation. We investigated what factors were required for expansion of the Ts cell population or loss of their activity in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). METHODS We developed a method to generate Ts cell lines from freshly isolated lamina propria lymphocytes from patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), patients with CD, or healthy individuals (controls). Cells were stimulated with a monoclonal antibody against CD3, interleukin (IL)-7, and IL-15. After 14 days in culture, CD8(+)T cells were purified and cultured with IL-7 and IL-15. The resulting Ts cells were analyzed for suppressor activity, expression of surface markers, and cytokine secretion profiles. RNA was isolated from the 3 groups of Ts cells and used in microarray analyses. RESULTS Ts cells from patients with UC and controls suppressed proliferation of CD4(+) T cells; the suppression required cell contact. In contrast, Ts cells from patients with CD had a reduced capacity to suppress CD4(+) T-cell proliferation. The difference in suppressive ability was not associated with surface or intracytoplasmic markers or secretion of cytokines. Microarray analysis identified changes in expression of genes regulated by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β that were associated with the suppressive abilities of Ts cells. We found that TGF-β or supernatants from Ts cells of patients with CD reduced the suppressor activity of control Ts cells. CONCLUSIONS Ts cells isolated from patients with CD have a reduced ability to suppress proliferation of CD4(+)T cells compared with control Ts cells. TGF-β signaling reduces the suppressor activity of Ts cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keren M Rabinowitz
- Immunology Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Dai SX, Wu G, Zou Y, Feng YL, Liu HB, Feng JS, Chi HG, Lv RX, Zheng XB. Balance of CD8+ CD28+ / CD8+ CD28- T lymphocytes is vital for patients with ulcerative colitis. Dig Dis Sci 2013; 58:88-96. [PMID: 22851040 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-012-2327-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2011] [Accepted: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune balances are important for many diseases including ulcerative colitis (UC). This study aimed to explore the role of the balance between CD8+ CD28+ and CD8+ CD28- T lymphocytes for the immunological pathogenesis of UC. METHODS Sixteen patients with UC, 16 patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and 15 healthy volunteers were enrolled. The frequencies of CD8+ CD28+ and CD8+CD28- T lymphocytes in peripheral blood and colon tissue were tested using flow cytometry and immunofluorescent, respectively. The cytokines of the two lymphocytes were detected by protein chips and ELISA. The expression of the signal transducers, the JAK3 and STAT6, as well the transcription factors, the NFATc2 and GATA3, was all detected by both western blot and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS For UC patients, the frequencies of CD8+ CD28+ T lymphocytes, together with the ratios of CD8+ CD28+ / CD8+ CD28- T lymphocytes in blood and colon tissue, were significantly lower than those in both IBS patients and healthy volunteers. But the frequencies of CD8+ CD28- T lymphocytes in blood and colon tissue of the UC patients were significantly higher than the other two groups. The concentration of IL-7 and -13, and the expression of JAK3 and STAT6 in UC patients, were significantly lower when compared with the other two groups. Conversely, the concentration of IL-12p40 and -15, and the expression of GATA3 and NFATc2 in UC patients, were significantly higher than both IBS and control group. CONCLUSIONS The balance of CD8+ CD28+ / CD8+ CD28- T lymphocytes plays a vital role in UC, while the balance tilt towards CD8+ CD28+ T lymphocytes is beneficial for patients with UC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Xue Dai
- Emergency Department of Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Chang SY, Song JH, Guleng B, Cotoner CA, Arihiro S, Zhao Y, Chiang HS, O'Keeffe M, Liao G, Karp CL, Kweon MN, Sharpe AH, Bhan A, Terhorst C, Reinecker HC. Circulatory antigen processing by mucosal dendritic cells controls CD8(+) T cell activation. Immunity 2012; 38:153-65. [PMID: 23246312 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2012.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Circulatory antigens transit through the small intestine via the fenestrated capillaries in the lamina propria prior to entering into the draining lymphatics. But whether or how this process controls mucosal immune responses remains unknown. Here we demonstrate that dendritic cells (DCs) of the lamina propria can sample and process both circulatory and luminal antigens. Surprisingly, antigen cross-presentation by resident CX3CR1(+) DCs induced differentiation of precursor cells into CD8(+) T cells that expressed interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-13, and IL-9 and could migrate into adjacent compartments. We conclude that lamina propria CX3CR1(+) DCs facilitate the surveillance of circulatory antigens and act as a conduit for the processing of self- and intestinally absorbed antigens, leading to the induction of CD8(+) T cells, that partake in the control of T cell activation during mucosal immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Young Chang
- Department of Medicine, Gastrointestinal Unit and Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Yao Y, Han W, Liang J, Ji J, Wang J, Cantor H, Lu L. Glatiramer acetate ameliorates inflammatory bowel disease in mice through the induction of Qa-1-restricted CD8⁺ regulatory cells. Eur J Immunol 2012; 43:125-36. [PMID: 23002042 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201242758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2012] [Revised: 08/17/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are complex multifactorial immunological disorders characterized by dysregulated immune reactivity in the intestine. Here, we investigated the contribution of Qa-1-restricted CD8(+) Treg cells in regulating experimental IBD in mice. We found that CD8(+) T cells induced by T-cell vaccination ameliorated the pathological manifestations of dextran sulfate sodium induced IBD when adoptively transferred into IBD mice. In addition, CD8(+) cell suppressive activity was induced by vaccination with glatiramer acetate (GA), an FDA-approved drug for multiple sclerosis (MS). We next showed that GA-induced CD8(+) Treg cells worked in a Qa-1-dependent manner and their suppressive activity depends on perforin-mediated cytotoxicity. Finally, we confirmed the role of CD4(+) T cells in dextran sulfate sodium induced colitis progression, and clarified that GA-induced CD8(+) T cells exerted their therapeutic effects on colitis by targeting pathogenic CD4(+) T cells. Our results reveal a new regulatory role of Qa-1-restricted CD8(+) Treg cells in IBD and suggest their induction by GA vaccination as a potential therapeutic approach to IBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunliang Yao
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P R China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Type II collagen induces peripheral tolerance in BALB/c mice via the generation of CD8+ T regulatory cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48635. [PMID: 23133648 PMCID: PMC3487721 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Antigens introduced into the anterior chamber (AC) of the eye induce a potent form of antigen-specific peripheral immune tolerance termed AC-associated immune deviation (ACAID), which prevents inflammatory immune responses and is characterized by impaired delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses. Type-II collagen (CII) is a fibrillar protein expressed exclusively in cartilage tissues. Although of its clinical relevance to Rheumatoid arthritis, aging, and osteoarthritis, there have been no studies to date to test if CII has the ability to induce ACAID. We hypothesized that ACAID could be generated via AC injection of CII in BALB/c mice. Using a DTH assay, the hypothesis was supported and led to another hypothesis that CII is capable of inducing specific immune tolerance via CD8(+) T regulatory cells (Tregs). Thus, we performed functional local adoptive transfer (LAT) assays to examine the regulatory roles of spleen cells, T cells, and CD8(+) T cells in the specific immune regulation induced by CII injection into the AC. Results indicated that CII induced ACAID when injected into the AC. Spleen cells of mice injected with CII in the AC significantly suppressed DTH responses. The T cell compartment of the spleen was capable of expressing this suppression. CD8(+) Tregs could solely express this CII-driven suppression and even exerted more noticeable suppression than spleen cells or splenic T cells. This study suggests a crucial role for CD8(+) Tregs in mediating CII-driven ACAID-mediated immune tolerance. This could have therapeutic implications in Rheumatoid arthritis, aging, osteoarthritis, and other diseases in which CII is involved.
Collapse
|
45
|
Peng LS, Zhuang Y, Shi Y, Zhao YL, Wang TT, Chen N, Cheng P, Liu T, Liu XF, Zhang JY, Zuo QF, Mao XH, Guo G, Lu DS, Yu PW, Zou QM. Increased tumor-infiltrating CD8(+)Foxp3(+) T lymphocytes are associated with tumor progression in human gastric cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2012; 61:2183-92. [PMID: 22729557 PMCID: PMC11029073 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-012-1277-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2011] [Accepted: 04/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD8(+)Foxp3(+) T lymphocytes have been detected in tumors. However, the distribution, phenotypic features, and regulation of these cells in gastric cancer remain unknown. METHODS The levels of CD8(+)Foxp3(+) T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood, tumor-draining lymph nodes, non-tumor tissues, and tumor tissues of patients with gastric cancer were detected by flow cytometry. Foxp3 induction in CD8(+)Foxp3(-) T cells was investigated in vitro. The suppressive function of CD8(+)Foxp3(+) T lymphocytes was analyzed by their effect on CD4(+) T-cell proliferation and IFN-γ production. The percentages of CD8(+)Foxp3(+) T lymphocytes were evaluated for the association with tumor stage. RESULTS The frequency of CD8(+)Foxp3(+) T lymphocytes in tumor tissues was significantly higher than that in non-tumor tissues, and similar results were also observed in tumor-draining lymph nodes compared with peripheral blood. Most intratumoral CD8(+)Foxp3(+) T lymphocytes were activated effector cells (CD45RA(-)CD27(-)). TGF-β1 levels were positively correlated with the frequency of CD8(+)Foxp3(+) T lymphocytes in tumor tissues, and in vitro TGF-β1 could induce the generation of CD8(+)Foxp3(+) T lymphocytes in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, intratumoral CD8(+)Foxp3(+) T lymphocytes suppressed the proliferation and IFN-γ production of CD4(+) T cells. Finally, intratumoral CD8(+)Foxp3(+) T lymphocytes were significantly increased with tumor progression in terms of tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage. CONCLUSIONS Our data have shown that increased intratumoral CD8(+)Foxp3(+) T lymphocytes are associated with tumor stage and potentially influence CD4(+) T-cell functions, which may provide insights for developing novel immunotherapy protocols against gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liu-sheng Peng
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medical Laboratory Science, Third Military Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Zhuang
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medical Laboratory Science, Third Military Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yun Shi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medical Laboratory Science, Third Military Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong-liang Zhao
- Department of General Surgery and Center of Minimal Invasive Gastrointestinal Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ting-ting Wang
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medical Laboratory Science, Third Military Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
| | - Na Chen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medical Laboratory Science, Third Military Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping Cheng
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medical Laboratory Science, Third Military Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medical Laboratory Science, Third Military Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-fei Liu
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medical Laboratory Science, Third Military Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin-yu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medical Laboratory Science, Third Military Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian-fei Zuo
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medical Laboratory Science, Third Military Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu-hu Mao
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medical Laboratory Science, Third Military Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Guo
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medical Laboratory Science, Third Military Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong-shui Lu
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medical Laboratory Science, Third Military Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
| | - Pei-wu Yu
- Department of General Surgery and Center of Minimal Invasive Gastrointestinal Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
| | - Quan-ming Zou
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medical Laboratory Science, Third Military Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Nambu Y, Hayashi T, Jang KJ, Aoki K, Mano H, Nakano K, Osato M, Takahashi K, Itoh K, Teramukai S, Komori T, Fujita J, Ito Y, Shimizu A, Sugai M. In situ differentiation of CD8αα Τ cells from CD4 T cells in peripheral lymphoid tissues. Sci Rep 2012; 2:642. [PMID: 22962636 PMCID: PMC3435563 DOI: 10.1038/srep00642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 08/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutually exclusive cell fate determination of CD4 helper or CD8 killer T cells occurs in the thymus. These T-cell subsets are not believed to redirect other lineages. Here we showed that retinoic acid and transforming growth factor-β1 promoted the differentiation of CD8αα T cells from CD4 T cells in a Runx3-dependent manner. These cells were inferred to belong to immunoregulatory populations because subpopulations of CD8αα+TCRαβ T cells are known to suppress activated T cells, and mice with Runx3(-/-) T cells showed defects during recovery from experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. Our results demonstrate that CD4 T cells play fundamental roles in controlling immune reactions through promotion and attenuation. We accordingly anticipate that clarifying the mechanisms underlying this process will provide insights leading to autoimmune and immunodeficiency disease therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Nambu
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Translational Research Center, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho,Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Surana NK, Kasper DL. The yin yang of bacterial polysaccharides: lessons learned from B. fragilis PSA. Immunol Rev 2012; 245:13-26. [PMID: 22168411 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.2011.01075.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Over the past several years, there have been remarkable advances in our understanding of how commensal organisms shape host immunity. Although the full cast of immunogenic bacteria and their immunomodulatory molecules remains to be elucidated, lessons learned from the interactions between bacterial zwitterionic polysaccharides (ZPSs) and the host immune system represent an integral step toward better understanding how the intestinal microbiota effect immunologic changes. Somewhat paradoxically, ZPSs, which are found in numerous commensal organisms, are able to elicit both proinflammatory and immunoregulatory responses; both these outcomes involve fine-tuning the balance between T-helper 17 cells and interleukin-10-producing regulatory T cells. In this review, we discuss the immunomodulatory effects of the archetypal ZPS, Bacteroides fragilis PSA. In addition, we highlight some of the opportunities and challenges in applying these lessons in clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj K Surana
- Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Induction of intestinal pro-inflammatory immune responses by lipoteichoic acid. JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON 2012; 9:7. [PMID: 22423982 PMCID: PMC3325164 DOI: 10.1186/1476-9255-9-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2011] [Accepted: 03/16/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Background The cellular and molecular mechanisms of inflammatory bowel disease are not fully understood; however, data indicate that uncontrolled chronic inflammation induced by bacterial gene products, including lipoteichoic acid (LTA), may trigger colonic inflammation resulting in disease pathogenesis. LTA is a constituent glycolipid of Gram-positive bacteria that shares many inflammatory properties with lipopolysaccharide and plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responses via Toll-like receptor 2. Accordingly, we elucidate the role of LTA in immune stimulation and induced colitis in vivo. Methods To better understand the molecular mechanisms utilized by the intestinal microbiota and their gene products to induce or subvert inflammation, specifically the effect(s) of altered surface layer protein expression on the LTA-mediated pro-inflammatory response, the Lactobacillus acidophilus surface layer protein (Slp) genes encoding SlpB and SlpX were deleted resulting in a SlpB- and SlpX- mutant that continued to express SlpA (assigned as NCK2031). Results Our data show profound activation of dendritic cells by NCK2031, wild-type L. acidophilus (NCK56), and purified Staphylococcus aureus-LTA. In contrary to the LTA-deficient strain NCK2025, the LTA-expressing strains NCK2031 and NCK56, as well as S. aureus-LTA, induce pro-inflammatory innate and T cell immune responses in vivo. Additionally, neither NCK2031 nor S. aureus-LTA supplemented in drinking water protected mice from DSS-colitis, but instead, induced significant intestinal inflammation resulting in severe colitis and tissue destruction. Conclusions These findings suggest that directed alteration of two of the L. acidophilus NCFM-Slps did not ameliorate LTA-induced pro-inflammatory signals and subsequent colitis.
Collapse
|
49
|
Kawakita A, Shirasaki H, Yasutomi M, Tokuriki S, Mayumi M, Naiki H, Ohshima Y. Immunotherapy with oligomannose-coated liposomes ameliorates allergic symptoms in a murine food allergy model. Allergy 2012; 67:371-9. [PMID: 22423374 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2011.02777.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergen-specific immunotherapy has been anticipated to be a disease-modifying therapy for food allergies. We previously reported that CD8(+) regulatory T cells may prevent antigen-sensitized mice from developing allergic diarrhea. Because oligomannose-coated liposomes (OML) have been shown to induce MHC class I-restricted CD8(+) T cell responses, we analyzed the adjuvant activities of OML for inducing regulatory CD8(+) T cells and mucosal tolerogenic responses in allergen-sensitized mice. METHODS The BALB/c mice that were previously sensitized to ovalbumin (OVA) were intranasally immunized with OVA-encased in OML (OVA-OML) or OVA-encased in non-coated liposomes (OVA-NL). We assessed allergic diarrhea induced by oral OVA administration, OVA-specific immunoglobulin production, and cytokine production in the intestines and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs). RESULTS Intranasal immunization with OVA-OML, but not OVA-NL, suppressed the development of allergic diarrhea. This was associated with in vitro Ag-induced IL-10 production and the in vivo expansion of CD8(+) CD28(-) and CD4(+) CD25(+) Foxp3(+) T cell populations among mesenteric lymph node mononuclear cells, and was significantly ablated by anti-SIGNR1 or anti-CR3 mAbs. Up-regulation of serum OVA-specific IgE was suppressed, whereas OVA-specific IgG1, IgG2a, and soluble IgA production were enhanced by intranasal administration of OVA-OML. Adoptive transfer of CD8(+) CD28(-) T cells but not CD28(+) CD8(+) T cells from the MLNs of OVA-OML-treated mice ameliorated the development of diarrhea. CONCLUSION These results suggest that intranasal immunization with Ag-encased OML may be an effective immunotherapy for food allergies, as it induces a subset of regulatory CD8(+) T cells as well as CD4(+) CD25(+) Foxp3(+) T cell and modulates humoral immune responses in allergen-sensitized mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Kawakita
- Department of Pediatrics; Faculty of Medical Sciences; University of Fukui
| | - Hisako Shirasaki
- Department of Pediatrics; Faculty of Medical Sciences; University of Fukui
| | - Motoko Yasutomi
- Department of Pediatrics; Faculty of Medical Sciences; University of Fukui
| | - Shuko Tokuriki
- Department of Pediatrics; Faculty of Medical Sciences; University of Fukui
| | - Mitsufumi Mayumi
- Department of Pediatrics; Faculty of Medical Sciences; University of Fukui
| | - Hironobu Naiki
- Department of Pathology; Faculty of Medical Sciences; University of Fukui; Fukui; Japan
| | - Yusei Ohshima
- Department of Pediatrics; Faculty of Medical Sciences; University of Fukui
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Saxena A, Martin-Blondel G, Mars LT, Liblau RS. Role of CD8 T cell subsets in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. FEBS Lett 2011; 585:3758-63. [PMID: 21910991 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2011.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2011] [Revised: 08/30/2011] [Accepted: 08/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disease of the central nervous system leading to demyelination and axonal/neuronal loss. Cumulating evidence points to a key role for CD8 T cells in this disabling disease. Oligoclonal CD8 T cells reside in demyelinating plaques where they are likely to contribute to tissue destruction. Histopathological analyses and compelling observations from animal models indicate that cytotoxic CD8 T cells target neural cell populations with the potential of causing lesions reminiscent of MS. However, CD8 T cell differentiation results in several subsets of effector CD8 T cells that could be differentially implicated in the mechanisms contributing to tissue damage. Moreover CD8 regulatory T cells arise as important populations involved in restoring immune homoeostasis and in maintaining immune privileged sites. Here we examine the current literature pertaining to the role of CD8 effector and regulatory T cell subsets in the pathogenesis of MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Saxena
- INSERM U1043-CNRS UMR 5282, Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse-Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|