1
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Jo JH, Kim YT, Choi HS, Kim HG, Lee HS, Choi YW, Kim DU, Lee KH, Kim EJ, Han JH, Lee SO, Park CH, Choi EK, Kim JW, Cho JY, Lee WJ, Moon HR, Park MS, Kim S, Song SY. Efficacy of GV1001 with gemcitabine/capecitabine in previously untreated patients with advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma having high serum eotaxin levels (KG4/2015): an open-label, randomised, Phase 3 trial. Br J Cancer 2024; 130:43-52. [PMID: 37903909 PMCID: PMC10781743 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02474-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The TeloVac study indicated GV1001 did not improve the survival of advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, the cytokine examinations suggested that high serum eotaxin levels may predict responses to GV1001. This Phase III trial assessed the efficacy of GV1001 with gemcitabine/capecitabine for eotaxin-high patients with untreated advanced PDAC. METHODS Patients recruited from 16 hospitals received gemcitabine (1000 mg/m2, D 1, 8, and 15)/capecitabine (830 mg/m2 BID for 21 days) per month either with (GV1001 group) or without (control group) GV1001 (0.56 mg; D 1, 3, and 5, once on week 2-4, 6, then monthly thereafter) at random in a 1:1 ratio. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS) and secondary end points included time to progression (TTP), objective response rate, and safety. RESULTS Total 148 patients were randomly assigned to the GV1001 (n = 75) and control groups (n = 73). The GV1001 group showed improved median OS (11.3 vs. 7.5 months, P = 0.021) and TTP (7.3 vs. 4.5 months, P = 0.021) compared to the control group. Grade >3 adverse events were reported in 77.3% and 73.1% in the GV1001 and control groups (P = 0.562), respectively. CONCLUSIONS GV1001 plus gemcitabine/capecitabine improved OS and TTP compared to gemcitabine/capecitabine alone in eotaxin-high patients with advanced PDAC. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT02854072.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hyun Jo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Tae Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Soon Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Gak Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hong Sik Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Woo Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Dong Uk Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Kwang Hyuck Lee
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eui Joo Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Joung-Ho Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine & Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Seung Ok Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Research Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Chang-Hwan Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Eun Kwang Choi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Jae Woo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yong Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo Jin Lee
- Center for Liver and Pancreatobiliary Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Hyungsik Roger Moon
- Department of Economics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Economics, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi-Suk Park
- Department of Radiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sangjae Kim
- GemVax & KAEL Co., Ltd. 58, Techno 11-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Si Young Song
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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2
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Cammarota AL, Falco A, Basile A, Molino C, Chetta M, D’Angelo G, Marzullo L, De Marco M, Turco MC, Rosati A. Pancreatic Cancer-Secreted Proteins: Targeting Their Functions in Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4825. [PMID: 37835519 PMCID: PMC10571538 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a ravaging disease with a poor prognosis, requiring a more detailed understanding of its biology to foster the development of effective therapies. The unsatisfactory results of treatments targeting cell proliferation and its related mechanisms suggest a shift in focus towards the inflammatory tumor microenvironment (TME). Here, we discuss the role of cancer-secreted proteins in the complex TME tumor-stroma crosstalk, shedding lights on druggable molecular targets for the development of innovative, safer and more efficient therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lisa Cammarota
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Schola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (A.L.C.); (A.F.); (A.B.); (L.M.); (M.C.T.)
| | - Antonia Falco
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Schola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (A.L.C.); (A.F.); (A.B.); (L.M.); (M.C.T.)
| | - Anna Basile
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Schola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (A.L.C.); (A.F.); (A.B.); (L.M.); (M.C.T.)
| | - Carlo Molino
- General Surgery Unit, A.O.R.N. Cardarelli, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Massimiliano Chetta
- Medical and Laboratory Genetics Unit, A.O.R.N., Cardarelli, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Gianni D’Angelo
- Department of Computer Science, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
| | - Liberato Marzullo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Schola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (A.L.C.); (A.F.); (A.B.); (L.M.); (M.C.T.)
- FIBROSYS s.r.l., University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Margot De Marco
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Schola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (A.L.C.); (A.F.); (A.B.); (L.M.); (M.C.T.)
- FIBROSYS s.r.l., University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Maria Caterina Turco
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Schola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (A.L.C.); (A.F.); (A.B.); (L.M.); (M.C.T.)
- FIBROSYS s.r.l., University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Alessandra Rosati
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Schola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (A.L.C.); (A.F.); (A.B.); (L.M.); (M.C.T.)
- FIBROSYS s.r.l., University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
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3
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Kumar S, Santos RJ, McGuigan AJ, Singh U, Johnson P, Kunzmann AT, Turkington RC. The Role of Circulating Protein and Metabolite Biomarkers in the Development of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC): A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022; 31:1090-1102. [PMID: 34810209 PMCID: PMC9377754 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-21-0616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a poor prognosis, and this is attributed to it being diagnosed at an advanced stage. Understanding the pathways involved in initial development may improve early detection strategies. This systematic review assessed the association between circulating protein and metabolite biomarkers and PDAC development. METHODS A literature search until August 2020 in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science was performed. Studies were included if they assessed circulating blood, urine, or salivary biomarkers and their association with PDAC risk. Quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for cohort studies. Random-effects meta-analyses were used to calculate pooled relative risk. RESULTS A total of 65 studies were included. Higher levels of glucose were found to be positively associated with risk of developing PDAC [n = 4 studies; pooled relative risk (RR): 1.61; 95% CI: 1.16-2.22]. Additionally, an inverse association was seen with pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) levels (n = 4 studies; RR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.44-0.87). Meta-analyses showed no association between levels of C-peptide, members of the insulin growth factor signaling pathway, C-reactive protein, adiponectin, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and folate/homocysteine and PDAC risk. Four individual studies also reported a suggestive positive association of branched-chain amino acids with PDAC risk, but due to differences in measures reported, a meta-analysis could not be performed. CONCLUSIONS Our pooled analysis demonstrates that higher serum glucose levels and lower levels of PLP are associated with risk of PDAC. IMPACT Glucose and PLP levels are associated with PDAC risk. More prospective studies are required to identify biomarkers for early detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Kumar
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Ralph J. Santos
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J. McGuigan
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Urvashi Singh
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Johnson
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew T. Kunzmann
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Richard C. Turkington
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
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4
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Wang P, Mak VCY, Cheung LWT. Drugging IGF-1R in cancer: New insights and emerging opportunities. Genes Dis 2022; 10:199-211. [PMID: 37013053 PMCID: PMC10066341 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis plays important roles in cancer development and metastasis. The type 1 IGF receptor (IGF-1R) is a key member in the IGF axis and has long been recognized for its oncogenic role in multiple cancer lineages. Here we review the occurrence of IGF-1R aberrations and activation mechanisms in cancers, which justify the development of anti-IGF-1R therapies. We describe the therapeutic agents available for IGF-1R inhibition, with focuses on the recent or ongoing pre-clinical and clinical studies. These include antisense oligonucleotide, tyrosine kinase inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies which may be conjugated with cytotoxic drug. Remarkably, simultaneous targeting of IGF-1R and several other oncogenic vulnerabilities has shown early promise, highlighting the potential benefits of combination therapy. Further, we discuss the challenges in targeting IGF-1R so far and new concepts to improve therapeutic efficacy such as blockage of the nuclear translocation of IGF-1R.
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5
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Duan L, Yang W, Feng W, Cao L, Wang X, Niu L, Li Y, Zhou W, Zhang Y, Liu J, Zhang H, Zhao Q, Hong L, Fan D. Molecular mechanisms and clinical implications of miRNAs in drug resistance of colorectal cancer. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2020; 12:1758835920947342. [PMID: 32922521 PMCID: PMC7450467 DOI: 10.1177/1758835920947342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic chemotherapy is identified as a curative approach to prolong the survival time of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Although great progress in therapeutic approaches has been achieved during the last decades, drug resistance still extensively persists and serves as a major hurdle to effective anticancer therapy for CRC. The mechanism of multidrug resistance remains unclear. Recently, mounting evidence suggests that a great number of microRNAs (miRNAs) may contribute to drug resistance in CRC. Certain of these miRNAs may thus be used as promising biomarkers for predicting drug response to chemotherapy or serve as potential targets to develop personalized therapy for patients with CRC. This review mainly summarizes recent advances in miRNAs and the molecular mechanisms underlying miRNA-mediated chemoresistance in CRC. We also discuss the potential role of drug resistance-related miRNAs as potential biomarkers (diagnostic and prognostic value) and envisage the future orientation and challenges in translating the findings on miRNA-mediated chemoresistance of CRC into clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wanli Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weibo Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lu Cao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoqian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liaoran Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yiding Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jinqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qingchuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liu Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Daiming Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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6
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Duvillié B, Kourdoughli R, Druillennec S, Eychène A, Pouponnot C. Interplay Between Diabetes and Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma and Insulinoma: The Role of Aging, Genetic Factors, and Obesity. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:563267. [PMID: 33101198 PMCID: PMC7556217 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.563267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiologic analyses have shed light on an association between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Recent data also suggest a potential relationship between T2D and insulinoma. Under rare circumstances, type 1 diabetes (T1D) can also be implicated in tumorigenesis. The biological mechanisms underlying such relationships are extremely complex. Some genetic factors contributing to the development of T2D are shared with pancreatic exocrine and endocrine tumors. Obesity and overweight can also contribute to the initiation and severity of T2D, while aging may influence both endocrine and exocrine tumors. Finally, pharmacological treatments of T2D may have an impact on PDAC. On the other hand, some treatments for insulinoma can trigger diabetes. In the present minireview, we discuss the cellular and molecular mechanisms that could explain these interactions. This analysis may help to define new potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand Duvillié
- Department of Signaling, Radiobiology and Cancer, Institut Curie, Orsay, France
- INSERM U1021, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France
- CNRS UMR 3347, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
- PSL Research University, Paris, France
- *Correspondence: Bertrand Duvillié,
| | - Rayane Kourdoughli
- Department of Signaling, Radiobiology and Cancer, Institut Curie, Orsay, France
- INSERM U1021, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France
- CNRS UMR 3347, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
- PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Sabine Druillennec
- Department of Signaling, Radiobiology and Cancer, Institut Curie, Orsay, France
- INSERM U1021, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France
- CNRS UMR 3347, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
- PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Alain Eychène
- Department of Signaling, Radiobiology and Cancer, Institut Curie, Orsay, France
- INSERM U1021, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France
- CNRS UMR 3347, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
- PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Celio Pouponnot
- Department of Signaling, Radiobiology and Cancer, Institut Curie, Orsay, France
- INSERM U1021, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France
- CNRS UMR 3347, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
- PSL Research University, Paris, France
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7
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Ogawa K, Lin Q, Li L, Bai X, Chen X, Chen H, Kong R, Wang Y, Zhu H, He F, Xu Q, Liu L, Li M, Zhang S, Nagaoka K, Carlson R, Safran H, Charpentier K, Sun B, Wands J, Dong X. Aspartate β-hydroxylase promotes pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma metastasis through activation of SRC signaling pathway. J Hematol Oncol 2019; 12:144. [PMID: 31888763 PMCID: PMC6937817 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-019-0837-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Signaling pathways critical for embryonic development re-emerge in adult pancreas during tumorigenesis. Aspartate β-hydroxylase (ASPH) drives embryonic cell motility/invasion in pancreatic development/differentiation. We explored if dysregulated ASPH is critically involved in pancreatic cancer pathogenesis. METHODS To demonstrate if/how ASPH mediates malignant phenotypes, proliferation, migration, 2-D/3-D invasion, pancreatosphere formation, immunofluorescence, Western blot, co-immunoprecipitation, invadopodia formation/maturation/function, qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and self-developed in vitro metastasis assays were performed. Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) were established to illustrate in vivo antitumor effects of the third-generation small molecule inhibitor specifically against ASPH's β-hydroxylase activity. Prognostic values of ASPH network components were evaluated with Kaplan-Meier plots, log-rank tests, and Cox proportional hazards regression models. RESULTS ASPH renders pancreatic cancer cells more aggressive phenotypes characterized by epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), 2-D/3-D invasion, invadopodia formation/function as demonstrated by extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, stemness (cancer stem cell marker upregulation and pancreatosphere formation), transendothelial migration (mimicking intravasation/extravasation), and sphere formation (mimicking metastatic colonization/outgrowth at distant sites). Mechanistically, ASPH activates SRC cascade through direct physical interaction with ADAM12/ADAM15 independent of FAK. The ASPH-SRC axis enables invadopodia construction and initiates MMP-mediated ECM degradation/remodeling as executors for invasiveness. Pharmacologic inhibition of invadopodia attenuates in vitro metastasis. ASPH fosters primary tumor development and pulmonary metastasis in PDX models of PDAC, which is blocked by a leading compound specifically against ASPH enzymatic activity. ASPH is silenced in normal pancreas, progressively upregulated from pre-malignant lesions to invasive/advanced stages of PDAC. Expression profiling of ASPH-SRC network components independently/jointly predicts clinical outcome of PDAC patients. Compared to a negative-low level, a moderate-very high level of ASPH, ADAM12, activated SRC, and MMPs correlated with curtailed overall survival (OS) of pancreatic cancer patients (log-rank test, ps < 0.001). The more unfavorable molecules patients carry, the more deleterious prognosis is destinated. Patients with 0-2 (n = 4), 3-5 (n = 8), 6-8 (n = 24), and 9-12 (n = 73) unfavorable expression scores of the 5 molecules had median survival time of 55.4, 15.9, 9.7, and 5.0 months, respectively (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Targeting the ASPH-SRC axis, which is essential for propagating multi-step PDAC metastasis, may specifically/substantially retard development/progression and thus improve prognosis of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Ogawa
- Liver Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 55 Claverick Street, 4th Fl., Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Qiushi Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 731014, USA
| | - Le Li
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery; Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuewei Bai
- Liver Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 55 Claverick Street, 4th Fl., Providence, RI, 02903, USA.,Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery; Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuesong Chen
- Department of Internal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Chen
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery; Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Kong
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery; Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongwei Wang
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery; Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuliang He
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 731014, USA.,Department of Interventional Therapy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, The 9th Affiliated Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinggang Xu
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 731014, USA.,Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianxin Liu
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, The University of Sciences and Technology of China, No. 17 Lujiang Road, Hefei City, 230001, An Hui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- Immunobiology & Transplant Science Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Songhua Zhang
- Liver Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 55 Claverick Street, 4th Fl., Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Katsuya Nagaoka
- Liver Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 55 Claverick Street, 4th Fl., Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Rolf Carlson
- Liver Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 55 Claverick Street, 4th Fl., Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Howard Safran
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Rhode Island Hospital/The Miriam Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Kevin Charpentier
- Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Bei Sun
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery; Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jack Wands
- Liver Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 55 Claverick Street, 4th Fl., Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
| | - Xiaoqun Dong
- Liver Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 55 Claverick Street, 4th Fl., Providence, RI, 02903, USA. .,Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 731014, USA. .,Department of Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
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8
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Zhu Y, Ke J, Gong Y, Yang Y, Peng X, Tian J, Zou D, Yang N, Wang X, Mei S, Rao M, Ying P, Deng Y, Wang H, Zhang H, Li B, Wan H, Li Y, Niu S, Cai Y, Zhang M, Lu Z, Zhong R, Miao X, Chang J. A genetic variant in PIK3R1 is associated with pancreatic cancer survival in the Chinese population. Cancer Med 2019; 8:3575-3582. [PMID: 31059194 PMCID: PMC6601582 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest malignancies with few early detection tests or effective therapies. PI3K-AKT signaling is recognized to modulate cancer progression. We previously identified that a genetic variant in PKN1 increased pancreatic cancer risk through the PKN1/FAK/PI3K/AKT pathway. In order to investigate the associations between genetic variations in that pathway and pancreatic cancer prognosis, we conducted a two-stage survival analysis in a total of 547 Chinese pancreatic cancer patients. Consequently, a variant, rs13167294 A>C in PIK3R1, was significantly associated with poor survival in both stages and with hazard ratio being 1.32 (95% CI = 1.13-1.56, P = 0.0007) in the combined analysis. Function annotation and prediction suggested that genetic variants in this locus might affect overall survival of pancreatic cancer patients by regulating PIK3R1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Juntao Ke
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yajie Gong
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiating Peng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianbo Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Danyi Zou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Nan Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shufang Mei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meilin Rao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pingting Ying
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Deng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haoxue Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongli Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Wan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Siyuan Niu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yimin Cai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zequn Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoping Miao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiang Chang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Baocheng W, Zhao Y, Meng W, Han Y, Wang J, Liu F, Qin S, Ma J. Polymorphisms of insulin receptor substrate 2 are putative biomarkers for pediatric medulloblastoma: considering the genetic susceptibility and pathological diagnoses. NAGOYA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE 2018; 79:47-54. [PMID: 28303061 PMCID: PMC5346620 DOI: 10.18999/nagjms.79.1.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Molecular profiling subgrouped medulloblastoma (MB) into four subtypes featured by distinct footprints. However, germline studies on genetic susceptibility in Chinese population have not been reported. To investigate the correlation of polymorphisms involved in the AKT signaling pathway with clinicopathological parameters in pediatric MB, and their contribution to the clinical outcome, we performed a case-controlled cohort consisting of 48 patients with pediatric MB and 190 healthy controls from Han population. Significant association in rs7987237 of insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2) was identified as risk allele/genotype between MB patients and control group (P<0.05). The allele “C” of rs7987237 in IRS2 gene was associated with an increased risk of MB (P=0.025; OR=2.95, 95%CI 1.43–6.11) after Bonferroni correction. Among 48 patients, various genotypes of rs7987237 show significant association with pathological diagnosis and metastases risk (P<0.05). Furthermore, the survival curve of patients with genotype “CC” of rs7987237 was confirmed with better outcome (P<0.001). Combined with previous results, our study suggests that polymorphisms of IRS2 putatively participated in the development of pediatric MB development. Therefore, it may benefit the early diagnosis and indicate the prognosis of patients with MB in Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Baocheng
- 1Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- 1Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Meng
- 1Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yipeng Han
- 1Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- 1Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feili Liu
- 1Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengying Qin
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Ma
- 1Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Abdel-Wahab R, Varadhachary GR, Bhosale PR, Wang X, Fogelman DR, Shroff RT, Overman MJ, Wolff RA, Javle M. Randomized, phase I/II study of gemcitabine plus IGF-1R antagonist (MK-0646) versus gemcitabine plus erlotinib with and without MK-0646 for advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma. J Hematol Oncol 2018; 11:71. [PMID: 29843755 PMCID: PMC5975422 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-018-0616-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Binding of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-1) to its receptor (IGF-1R) initiates downstream signals that activate PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MEK/Erk pathways, which stimulate cancer cell proliferation and induce drug resistance. Cross talk between IGF-1R and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mediates resistance to anti-EGFR agents. We studied safety, tolerability, and outcomes of MK-0646, IGF-1 monoclonal antibody, in combination with gemcitabine (G) ± erlotinib (E) in metastatic pancreatic cancer. METHODS Our study included a phase I dose escalation and phase II randomization and expansion cohorts. A 3 + 3 dose escalation protocol was used to determine MK-0646 maximum tolerable dose (MTD) in combination with G ± E standard doses. For phase II, patients were randomized to arm A (G + MK), arm B (G + MK + E), or arm C (G + E). Primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS), disease control rate, toxicity, and correlation between OS and IGF-1 in patients treated with MK-0646. RESULTS MK-0646 MTD was 10 mg/kg in combination with G and 5 mg/kg in combination with G + E. In randomization cohort, 15 patients were treated in each arm. Disease control rates were 50, 60, and 40% respectively. PFS was not different between the three arms. OS was significantly different between arm A (10.4 months) and C (5.7 months) (P = 0.02). However, addition of erlotinib in arm B yielded no OS benefit compared to arm A (P = 0.6). Plasma and tissue IGF-1 levels did not correlate with OS (P = 0.64, 0.87). Grade 3-4 toxicity during phase II cohorts were neutropenia (10/arm A, 14/arm B, 5/arm C), leukopenia (5/A, 5/B, 7/C), thrombocytopenia (8/A, 9/B, 2/C), hyponatremia (1/A, 3/B), and hyperglycemia (8/A, 1/B). CONCLUSIONS MK-0646 was tolerable in combination with G and associated with improvement in OS but not PFS as compared with G + E. Tissue and serum IGF-1 did not correlate with clinical outcome. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial is registered in ClinicalTrial.gov under the Identifier NCT00769483 and registration date was October 9, 2008.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham Abdel-Wahab
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 426, Houston, TX 77030 USA
- Clinical Oncology Department, Assiut University Hospitals, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Gauri R. Varadhachary
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 426, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Priya R. Bhosale
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Xuemei Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - David R. Fogelman
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 426, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Rachna T. Shroff
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 426, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Michael J. Overman
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 426, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Robert A. Wolff
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 426, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Milind Javle
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 426, Houston, TX 77030 USA
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Oh SY, Shin A, Kim SG, Hwang JA, Hong SH, Lee YS, Kwon HC. Relationship between insulin-like growth factor axis gene polymorphisms and clinical outcome in advanced gastric cancer patients treated with FOLFOX. Oncotarget 2017; 7:31204-14. [PMID: 27144430 PMCID: PMC5058750 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis plays a crucial role in proliferation, differentiation, migration, angiogenesis, and apoptosis. The present study evaluated the associations between IGF axis single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and clinical outcomes in advanced gastric cancer (AGC) patients treated with oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil, and leucovorin (FOLFOX). A total of 190 patients undergoing FOLFOX chemotherapy for AGC were considered eligible for this study. Forty-four SNPs of 10 IGF axis genes were genotyped. Levels of serum IGF1 were measured using enzyme-linked immunoassays. SNPs of the IGF1R (rs12423791), and IGF1 (rs2162679, rs5742612, rs35767) genes were significantly associated with tumor response to FOLFOX. SNPs of rs4619 and rs17847203 were significantly associated with PFS (hazard ratio [HR] 0.575, 95% CI 0.385–0.858, P = 0.007; and HR 2.530, 95% CI 1.289–4.966, P = 0.007; respectively). SNPs of rs2872060 were significantly associated with OS—OS was shorter in patients carrying the TT variant than in those with the GG/GT genotypes (HR, 1.708, 95% CI 1.024–2.850, P = 0.040). The GT genotype of rs12847203 was also identified as an independent prognostic factor (HR 2.087, 95% CI 1.070–4.069, P = 0.031). These results suggest that IGF axis-pathway SNPs could be used as prognostic biomarkers of the outcome of FOLFOX chemotherapy in AGC patients. This information may facilitate identification of population subgroups that could benefit from IGF1R-targeted agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Yong Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Aesun Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University, Korea
| | - Seong-Geun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Jung-Ah Hwang
- Cancer Genomics Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Hong
- Cancer Genomics Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Yeon-Su Lee
- Cancer Genomics Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
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Tang H, Wei P, Chang P, Li Y, Yan D, Liu C, Hassan M, Li D. Genetic polymorphisms associated with pancreatic cancer survival: a genome-wide association study. Int J Cancer 2017; 141:678-686. [PMID: 28470677 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Previous findings on the association of genetic factors and pancreatic cancer survival are limited and inconsistent. In a two-stage study, we analyzed the existing genome-wide association study dataset of 868 pancreatic cancer patients from MD Anderson Cancer Center in relation to overall survival using Cox regression. Top hits were selected for replication in another 820 patients from the same institution using the Taqman genotyping method. Functional annotation, pathway analysis and gene expression analysis were conducted using existing software and databases. We discovered genome-wide significant associations of patient survival with three imputed SNPs which, in complete LD (r2 = 1), were intronic SNPs of the PAIP2B (rs113988120) and DYSF genes (rs112493246 and rs138529893) located on Chromosome 2. The variant alleles were associated with a 3.06-fold higher risk of death [95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.10-4.47, p=6.4 × 10-9] after adjusting for clinical factors. Eleven SNPs were tested in the replication study and the association of rs113988120 with survival was confirmed (hazard ratio: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.13-2.20, p=0.008). In silico analysis found rs1139988120 might lead to altered motif. This locus is in LD (D' = 0.77) with three eQTL SNPs near or belong to the NAGK and MCEE genes. According to The Cancer Genome Atlas data and our previous RNA-sequencing data, the mRNA expression level of PAIP2B but not NAGK, MCEE or DYSF was significantly lower in pancreatic tumors than in normal adjacent tissues. Additional validation efforts and functional studies are warranted to demonstrate whether PAIP2B is a novel tumor suppressor gene and a potential therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Tang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Peng Wei
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Ping Chang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Yanan Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Dong Yan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Manal Hassan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Donghui Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Overexpression of YKL-40 Predicts Poor Prognosis in Patients Undergoing Curative Resection of Pancreatic Cancer. Pancreas 2017; 46:323-334. [PMID: 28099248 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000000751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic value of YKL-40 expression in patients undergoing curative resection of pancreatic cancer. METHODS This cohort study included 234 consecutive patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma who underwent curative resection. Surgical specimens were immunohistochemically assessed for YKL-40 expression. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression were used to evaluate the prognostic impact of YKL-40 expression. A multivariate logistic regression model was performed to examine the correlation between YKL-40 expression and tumor stage. RESULTS Of the 234 patients, YKL-40 overexpression was detected in 149 (63.7%) patients. Survival curves showed that patients with YKL-40 overexpression had significantly shorter survival time than those with low YKL-40 expression (P < 0.001). Cox regression analysis indicated that YKL-40 expression was an independent prognostic factor for both overall survival (hazard ratio, 3.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.38-6.13) and progression-free survival (hazard ratio, 3.73; 95% CI, 2.33-5.99). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that YKL-40 overexpression was an independent predictor for advanced tumor stage (odds ratio 4.15; 95% CI, 1.35-12.71). CONCLUSIONS YKL-40 overexpression predicts poor prognosis and advanced tumor stage in patients undergoing curative resection of pancreatic cancer. Application of adjuvant treatment targeting the YKL-40 pathway may improve prognosis.
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Rizzato C, Campa D, Talar-Wojnarowska R, Halloran C, Kupcinskas J, Butturini G, Mohelníková-Duchoňová B, Sperti C, Tjaden C, Ghaneh P, Hackert T, Funel N, Giese N, Tavano F, Pezzilli R, Pedata M, Pasquali C, Gazouli M, Mambrini A, Souček P, di Sebastiano P, Capurso G, Cantore M, Oliverius M, Offringa R, Małecka-Panas E, Strobel O, Scarpa A, Canzian F. Association of genetic polymorphisms with survival of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients. Carcinogenesis 2016; 37:957-64. [PMID: 27497070 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgw080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Germline genetic variability might contribute, at least partially, to the survival of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients. Two recently performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on PDAC overall survival (OS) suggested (P < 10(-5)) the association between 30 genomic regions and PDAC OS. With the aim to highlight the true associations within these regions, we analyzed 44 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the 30 candidate regions in 1722 PDAC patients within the PANcreatic Disease ReseArch (PANDoRA) consortium. We observed statistically significant associations for five of the selected regions. One association in the CTNNA2 gene on chromosome 2p12 [rs1567532, hazard ratio (HR) = 1.75, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.19-2.58, P = 0.005 for homozygotes for the minor allele] and one in the last intron of the RUNX2 gene on chromosome 6p21 (rs12209785, HR = 0.88, 95% CI 0.80-0.98, P = 0.014 for heterozygotes) are of particular relevance. These loci do not coincide with those that showed the strongest associations in the previous GWAS. In silico analysis strongly suggested a possible mechanistic link between these two SNPs and pancreatic cancer survival. Functional studies are warranted to confirm the link between these genes (or other genes mapping in those regions) and PDAC prognosis in order to understand whether these variants may have the potential to impact treatment decisions and design of clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosmeri Rizzato
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery and
| | - Daniele Campa
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Christopher Halloran
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, NIHR Liverpool Pancreas Biomedical Research Unit, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Juozas Kupcinskas
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Giovanni Butturini
- Unit of Surgery B, The Pancreas Institute, Department of Surgery and Oncology, G.B. Rossi Hospital, University of Verona Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Cosimo Sperti
- Department of Surgery, Gastroenterology and Oncology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Christine Tjaden
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Paula Ghaneh
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, NIHR Liverpool Pancreas Biomedical Research Unit, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Thilo Hackert
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Niccola Funel
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery and
| | - Nathalia Giese
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Francesca Tavano
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, IRCCS Scientific Institute and Regional General Hospital "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", S. Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Raffaele Pezzilli
- Pancreas Unit, Department of Digestive Disease, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Claudio Pasquali
- Department of Surgery, Gastroenterology and Oncology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Maria Gazouli
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Andrea Mambrini
- Oncological Department, ASL 1 Massa Carrara, Massa Carrara, Italy
| | - Pavel Souček
- Department of Oncology, Palacky University Medical School and Teaching Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pierluigi di Sebastiano
- Department of Surgery, IRCCS Scientific Institute and Regional General Hospital "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Gabriele Capurso
- Digestive and Liver Disease Unit, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Cantore
- Oncological Department, ASL 1 Massa Carrara, Massa Carrara, Italy
| | - Martin Oliverius
- Transplant Surgery Department, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Rienk Offringa
- Division of Molecular Oncology of Gastrointestinal Tumors, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany and
| | - Ewa Małecka-Panas
- Department of Digestive Tract Diseases, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Oliver Strobel
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- ARC-NET, Centre for Applied Research on Cancer, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Federico Canzian
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany,
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Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis in cancerogenesis. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2016; 772:78-104. [PMID: 28528692 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 08/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Determination of the role of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) family components in carcinogenesis of several human tumors is based on numerous epidemiological and pre-clinical studies, experiments in vivo and in vitro and on attempts at application of drugs affecting the IGF axis. Investigative hypotheses in original studies were based on biological functions manifested by the entire family of IGF (ligands, receptors, linking proteins, adaptor molecules). In the context of carcinogenesis the most important functions of IGF family involve intensification of proliferation and inhibition of cell apoptosis and effect on cell transformation through synthesis of several regulatory proteins. IGF axis controls survival and influences on metastases of cells. Interactions of IGF axis components may be of a direct or indirect nature. The direct effects are linked to activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, in which the initiating role is first of all played by IGF-1 and IGF-1R. Activity of this signaling pathway leads to an increased mitogenesis, cell cycle progression, and protection against different apoptotic stresses. Indirect effects of the axis depend on interactions between IGF and other molecules important for cancer etiology (e.g. sex hormones, products of suppressor genes, viruses, and other GFs) and the style of life (nutrition, physical activity). From the clinical point of view, components of IGF system are first of all considered as diagnostic serous and/or tissue biomarkers of a given cancer, prognostic factors and attractive target of modern anti-tumor therapies. Several mechanisms in which IGF system components act in the process of carcinogenesis need to be clarified, mainly due to multifactorial etiology of the neoplasms. Pin-pointing of the role played in carcinogenesis by any single signaling pathway remains particularly difficult. The aim of this review is to summarize the current data of several epidemiological studies, experiments in vitro and on animal models, to increase our understanding of the complex role of IGF family components in the most common human cancers.
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Kjeldsen E. Data on affected cancer-related genes in pediatric t(12;21)-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients harboring unbalanced der(6)t(X;6) translocations. Data Brief 2016; 8:894-903. [PMID: 27508240 PMCID: PMC4961797 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2016.06.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The t(12;21)(p13;q22), leading to ETV6/RUNX1 fusion, is of importance for leukemogenesis in acute lymphoblastic leukemia but is not sufficient for the leukemic transformation. Acquired secondary chromosomal aberrations are necessary for overt leukemia but their complete nature and genes involved are still elusive. In our recent publication, “Oligo-based aCGH analysis reveals cryptic unbalanced der(6)t(X;6) in pediatric t(12;21)-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia”, we identified acquired common concurrent regions with 6q deletion and Xq duplication E. Kjeldsen (2016) [1]. The present article provides data on genes that are associated with hematological malignancy and other cancers located in these common regions of chromosomal aberrations.
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17
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Tracz AF, Szczylik C, Porta C, Czarnecka AM. Insulin-like growth factor-1 signaling in renal cell carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:453. [PMID: 27405474 PMCID: PMC4942928 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2437-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) incidence is highest in highly developed countries and it is the seventh most common neoplasm diagnosed. RCC management include nephrectomy and targeted therapies. Type 1 insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) pathway plays an important role in cell proliferation and apoptosis resistance. IGF-1 and insulin share overlapping downstream signaling pathways in normal and cancer cells. IGF-1 receptor (IGF1R) stimulation may promote malignant transformation promoting cell proliferation, dedifferentiation and inhibiting apoptosis. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) patients with IGF1R overexpression have 70 % increased risk of death compared to patients who had tumors without IGF1R expression. IGF1R signaling deregulation may results in p53, WT, BRCA1, VHL loss of function. RCC cells with high expression of IGF1R are more resistant to chemotherapy than cells with low expression. Silencing of IGF1R increase the chemosensitivity of ccRCC cells and the effect is greater in VHL mutated cells. Understanding the role of IGF-1 signaling pathway in RCC may result in development of new targeted therapeutic interventions. First preclinical attempts with anti-IGF-1R monoclonal antibodies or fragment antigen-binding (Fab) fragments alone or in combination with an mTOR inhibitor were shown to inhibit in vitro growth and reduced the number of colonies formed by of RCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam F Tracz
- Department of Oncology with Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserow 128, 04-141, Warsaw, Poland.,First Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Cezary Szczylik
- Department of Oncology with Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserow 128, 04-141, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Camillo Porta
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS San Matteo University Hospital Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna M Czarnecka
- Department of Oncology with Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserow 128, 04-141, Warsaw, Poland.
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18
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Dong X, Lin Q, Aihara A, Li Y, Huang CK, Chung W, Tang Q, Chen X, Carlson R, Nadolny C, Gabriel G, Olsen M, Wands JR. Aspartate β-Hydroxylase expression promotes a malignant pancreatic cellular phenotype. Oncotarget 2015; 6:1231-48. [PMID: 25483102 PMCID: PMC4359229 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the leading causes of cancer related deaths due to aggressive progression and metastatic spread. Aspartate β-hydroxylase (ASPH), a cell surface protein that catalyzes the hydroxylation of epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like repeats in Notch receptors and ligands, is highly overexpressed in PC. ASPH upregulation confers a malignant phenotype characterized by enhanced cell proliferation, migration, invasion and colony formation in vitro as well as PC tumor growth in vivo. The transforming properties of ASPH depend on enzymatic activity. ASPH links PC growth factor signaling cascades to Notch activation. A small molecule inhibitor of β-hydroxylase activity was developed and found to reduce PC growth by downregulating the Notch signaling pathway. These findings demonstrate the critical involvement of ASPH in PC growth and progression, provide new insight into the molecular mechanisms leading to tumor development and growth and have important therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqun Dong
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA.,Current address: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Qiushi Lin
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA.,Current address: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Arihiro Aihara
- Liver Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Chiung-Kuei Huang
- Liver Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Waihong Chung
- Liver Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Qi Tang
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Xuesong Chen
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Rolf Carlson
- Liver Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Christina Nadolny
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Gregory Gabriel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA
| | - Mark Olsen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy-Glendale, Midwestern University, Glendale, Arizona, USA
| | - Jack R Wands
- Liver Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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19
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Neuzillet C, Vergnault M, Bonnetain F, Hammel P. Rationale and design of the Adapted Physical Activity in advanced Pancreatic Cancer patients (APACaP) GERCOR (Groupe Coopérateur Multidisciplinaire en Oncologie) trial: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2015; 16:454. [PMID: 26458923 PMCID: PMC4603729 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-015-0983-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exercise during chemotherapy is a promising strategy to reduce fatigue and improve health-related quality of life (HRQoL). It has been shown to be feasible and efficient in various cancers, including advanced-stage cancers. Effects of physical activity have never been explored in advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We aim to evaluate the effects of an exercise intervention in this setting. METHODS This randomized, national, multicenter, interventional study will examine the effectiveness of an unsupervised, home-based, 16-week adapted physical activity (APA) program. Specificities of advanced PDAC for the implementation of the APA program will be taken into account (healthy volunteer as physical activity partner instead of patient groups, nutritional management). The main inclusion criteria are: patients with histologically confirmed, unresectable PDAC; scheduled for chemotherapy; performance status 0-2; age ≥ 18; and physical activity partner. In total, 200 patients will be randomized into either the APA program (aerobic and resistance exercises) in addition to usual care (including chemotherapy at the investigator's choice), or usual care. The primary objective will be the effect on fatigue (Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory, MFI-20) and HRQoL (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer-Quality of Life-C30 questionnaire, EORTC-QLQ-C30; co-primary endpoint) at week 16. As secondary objectives, the effects of the exercise intervention on pain, anxiety, depression, nutritional status, insulin resistance, tolerance of chemotherapy, survival, and adherence to the APA program will be evaluated. DISCUSSION Patients with advanced PDAC are strongly affected by fatigue, and are thus likely to benefit from an exercise intervention. Moreover, exercise may have a potential beneficial effect on tumor outcome by reducing insulin resistance and insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) secretion. However, an exercise intervention may appear challenging due to multiple PDAC-related symptoms such as fatigue, depression, pain, and denutrition. We hypothesize that an APA program taking into account specific characteristics of PDAC may improve symptoms and HRQoL. If demonstrated to be feasible and effective, such APA programs will be systematically proposed to patients with advanced PDAC in addition to usual care. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrial.gov REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02184663 ; Registration date: 2 July 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Neuzillet
- Digestive Oncology Department and UMR1149, Beaujon University Hospital, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Nord Val de Seine (HUPNVS), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), 92110, Clichy La Garenne, France.
| | - Mathieu Vergnault
- Visio Activités Sportives Interactives (V@si SARL), 34270, Saint Mathieu de Tréviers, France.
| | - Franck Bonnetain
- Methodology and Quality of Life in Oncology unit (EA 3181) and Quality of Life and Cancer Clinical Research Platform, Besançon University Hospital, 25000, Besançon, France.
| | - Pascal Hammel
- Digestive Oncology Department and UMR1149, Beaujon University Hospital, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Nord Val de Seine (HUPNVS), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), 92110, Clichy La Garenne, France.
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20
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Liu KL, Yu RJ, Feng GS, Wu J. Expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 in colorectal cancer: Relationship with angiogenesis. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2015; 23:3384-3389. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v23.i21.3384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the relationship between the expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and clinicopathological parameters, as well as tumor angiogenesis in colorectal cancer.
METHODS: The expression of IGF-1 was detected using immunohistochemical method in 56 colorectal carcinoma and 20 normal colon tissues. Microvessel density (MVD) was counted by evaluating the expression of endothelial marker CD34.
RESULTS: The positive rates of IGF-1 in colorectal carcinoma and normal mucosa were 85.71% and 35%, respectively. The expression of IGF-1 correlated with lymph node metastasis significantly (P < 0.05). MVD values were 8.76±2.67 and 35.55 ± 7.78 in normal colon tissue and colorectal cancer, respectively. MVD correlated significantly with differentiation degree, invasion depth, Duke's stage and lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05 for all).
CONCLUSION: IGF-1 is highly expressed in colorectal adenocarcinoma and may be involved in the progression of colorectal cancer through enhancing tumor angiogenesis.
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21
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Soares HP, Ming M, Mellon M, Young SH, Han L, Sinnet-Smith J, Rozengurt E. Dual PI3K/mTOR Inhibitors Induce Rapid Overactivation of the MEK/ERK Pathway in Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells through Suppression of mTORC2. Mol Cancer Ther 2015; 14:1014-23. [PMID: 25673820 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-14-0669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, which is aberrantly stimulated in many cancer cells, has emerged as a target for therapy. However, mTORC1/S6K also mediates negative feedback loops that attenuate upstream signaling. Suppression of these feedback loops opposes the growth-suppressive effects of mTOR inhibitors and leads to drug resistance. Here, we demonstrate that treatment of PANC-1 or MiaPaCa-2 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells with the dual PI3K/mTOR kinase inhibitor (PI3K/TOR-KI) BEZ235 blocked mTORC1/S6K activation (scored by S6 phosphorylation at Ser(240/244)), mTORC1/4E-BP1 (assayed by 4E-BP1 phosphorylation at Thr(37/46)), and mTORC2-mediated AKT phosphorylation at Ser(473), in a concentration-dependent manner. Strikingly, BEZ235 markedly enhanced the MEK/ERK pathway in a dose-dependent manner. Maximal ERK overactivation coincided with complete inhibition of phosphorylation of AKT and 4E-BP1. ERK overactivation was induced by other PI3K/TOR-KIs, including PKI-587 and GDC-0980. The MEK inhibitors U126 or PD0325901 prevented ERK overactivation induced by PI3K/TOR-KIs. The combination of BEZ235 and PD0325901 caused a more pronounced inhibition of cell growth than that produced by each inhibitor individually. Mechanistic studies assessing PI3K activity in single PDAC cells indicate that PI3K/TOR-KIs act through a PI3K-independent pathway. Doses of PI3K/TOR-KIs that enhanced MEK/ERK activation coincided with those that inhibited mTORC2-mediated AKT phosphorylation on Ser(473), suggesting a role of mTORC2. Knockdown of RICTOR via transfection of siRNA markedly attenuated the enhancing effect of BEZ235 on ERK phosphorylation. We propose that dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitors suppress a novel negative feedback loop mediated by mTORC2, thereby leading to enhanced MEK/ERK pathway activity in pancreatic cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heloisa P Soares
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Ming Ming
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Michelle Mellon
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Steven H Young
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California. CURE: Digestive Diseases Research Center, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Liang Han
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - James Sinnet-Smith
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California. CURE: Digestive Diseases Research Center, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Enrique Rozengurt
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California. CURE: Digestive Diseases Research Center, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California. Molecular Biology Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
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22
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Farabaugh SM, Boone DN, Lee AV. Role of IGF1R in Breast Cancer Subtypes, Stemness, and Lineage Differentiation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2015; 6:59. [PMID: 25964777 PMCID: PMC4408912 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2015.00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling is fundamental for growth and survival. A large body of evidence (laboratory, epidemiological, and clinical) implicates the exploitation of this pathway in cancer. Up to 50% of breast tumors express the activated form of the type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF1R). Breast cancers are categorized into subtypes based upon hormone and ERRB2 receptor expression and/or gene expression profiling. Even though IGF1R influences tumorigenic phenotypes and drug resistance across all breast cancer subtypes, it has specific expression and function in each. In some subtypes, IGF1R levels correlate with a favorable prognosis, while in others it is associated with recurrence and poor prognosis, suggesting different actions based upon cellular and molecular contexts. In this review, we examine IGF1R expression and function as it relates to breast cancer subtype and therapy-acquired resistance. Additionally, we discuss the role of IGF1R in stem cell maintenance and lineage differentiation and how these cell fate influences may alter the differentiation potential and cellular composition of breast tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M. Farabaugh
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Women’s Cancer Research Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - David N. Boone
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Women’s Cancer Research Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Adrian V. Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Women’s Cancer Research Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- *Correspondence: Adrian V. Lee, Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, 204 Craft Avenue, Room A412, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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23
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Su J, Liang H, Yao W, Wang N, Zhang S, Yan X, Feng H, Pang W, Wang Y, Wang X, Fu Z, Liu Y, Zhao C, Zhang J, Zhang CY, Zen K, Chen X, Wang Y. MiR-143 and MiR-145 regulate IGF1R to suppress cell proliferation in colorectal cancer. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114420. [PMID: 25474488 PMCID: PMC4256231 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) is a transmembrane receptor that is activated by insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and by a related hormone called IGF-2. It belongs to the large class of tyrosine kinase receptors and plays an important role in colorectal cancer etiology and progression. In this study, we used bioinformatic analyses to search for miRNAs that potentially target IGF1R. We identified specific target sites for miR-143 and miR-145 (miR-143/145) in the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of the IGF1R gene. These miRNAs are members of a cluster of miRNAs that have been reported to exhibit tumor suppressor activity. Consistent with the bioinformatic analyses, we identified an inverse correlation between miR-143/145 levels and IGF1R protein levels in colorectal cancer tissues. By overexpressing miR-143/145 in Caco2, HT29 and SW480 colorectal cancer cells, we experimentally validated that miR-143/145 directly recognizes the 3'-UTR of the IGF1R transcript and regulates IGF1R expression. Furthermore, the biological consequences of the targeting of IGF1R by miR-143/145 were examined by cell proliferation assays in vitro. We demonstrated that the repression of IGF1R by miR-143/145 suppressed the proliferation of Caco2 cells. Taken together, our findings provide evidence for a role of the miR-143/145 cluster as a tumor suppressor in colorectal cancer through the inhibition of IGF1R translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Su
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Hongwei Liang
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Weiyan Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Suyang Zhang
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Xin Yan
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center of Drum Tower Hospital affiliated to Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Hui Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Wenjing Pang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yanbo Wang
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Xueliang Wang
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Zhen Fu
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Yanqing Liu
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Chihao Zhao
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Chen-Yu Zhang
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Ke Zen
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
- * E-mail: (XC); (YW)
| | - Yalei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
- * E-mail: (XC); (YW)
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Rozengurt E. Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR): a point of convergence in the action of insulin/IGF-1 and G protein-coupled receptor agonists in pancreatic cancer cells. Front Physiol 2014; 5:357. [PMID: 25295009 PMCID: PMC4171984 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the most common form of pancreatic cancer, is one of the most lethal human diseases. PDAC is now the fourth leading cause of cancer mortality in both men and women and deaths due to PDAC are projected to increase dramatically. Novel targets and agents for chemoprevention are urgently needed and will most likely arise from a more detailed understanding of the signaling mechanisms that stimulate the promotion and progression of sub-malignant cells into pancreatic cancer cells and from the identification of modifiable risk factors for PDAC. Many epidemiological studies have linked obesity and long-standing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with increased risk and worse clinical outcomes for developing PDAC. These diet-related metabolic disorders are multifaceted but characterized by peripheral insulin resistance, compensatory overproduction of insulin and increased bioavailability of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). Mounting evidence indicates that the insulin/IGF-1 receptor system plays a critical role in PDAC development and multiple studies support the notion that crosstalk between the insulin receptor and heptahelical G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling systems is an important element in the biological responses elicited by these signaling systems, including cell proliferation. This article highlights the central role of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) in mediating crosstalk between insulin/IGF-1 and GPCR signaling in pancreatic cancer cells and proposes strategies, including the use of metformin, to target this signaling system in PDAC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Rozengurt
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, CURE: Digestive Diseases Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, Molecular Biology Institute, University of California at Los Angeles Los Angeles, CA, USA
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25
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Jhaveri DT, Zheng L, Jaffee EM. Specificity delivers: therapeutic role of tumor antigen-specific antibodies in pancreatic cancer. Semin Oncol 2014; 41:559-75. [PMID: 25440603 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is among the most deadly cancers with less than 5% of the patients living beyond 5 years post-diagnosis. Lack of early diagnostic biomarkers and resistance to current therapies help explain these disappointing numbers. Thus, more effective and better-targeted therapies are needed quickly. Monoclonal antibodies offer an attractive alternative targeted therapy option for PDA because they are highly specific and potent. However, currently available monoclonal antibody therapies for PDA are still in their infancy with a low success rate and low likelihood of being approved. The challenges faced by these therapies include the following: lack of predictive and response biomarkers, unfavorable safety profiles, expression of targets not restricted to the cancer cells, flawed preclinical model systems, drug resistance, and PDA's complex nature. Additionally, discovery of novel PDA-specific antigen targets, present on the cell surface or in the extracellular matrix, is needed. Predictive and response markers also need to be determined for PDA patient subgroups so that the most appropriate effective therapy can be delivered. Serologic approaches, recombinant antibody-producing technologies, and advances in antibody engineering techniques will help to identify these predictive biomarkers and aid in the development of new therapeutic antibodies. A combinatorial approach simultaneously targeting antigens on the PDA cell, stroma, and immunosuppressive cells should be employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darshil T Jhaveri
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Oncology, the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center and the Skip Viragh Pancreatic Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Oncology, the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center and the Skip Viragh Pancreatic Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
| | - Elizabeth M Jaffee
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Oncology, the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center and the Skip Viragh Pancreatic Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
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26
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Ou JM, Lian WS, Qiu MK, Dai YX, Dong Q, Shen J, Dong P, Wang XF, Liu YB, Quan ZW, Fei ZW. Knockdown of IGF2R suppresses proliferation and induces apoptosis in hemangioma cells in vitro and in vivo. Int J Oncol 2014; 45:1241-9. [PMID: 24968760 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II)/IGF2R signaling plays a pivotal role in cell growth, migration and differentiation in many malignancies. An individual with high IGF-II expression levels has a high risk of developing cancer, but IGF2R is often considered to be a tumor suppressor. To date, little has been reported about the role of IGF-II/IGF2R signaling in hemangiomas (HAs). Thus, uncovering the mechanisms of IGF-II/IGF2R signaling is very important to understanding the development of HAs. In the present study, the expression of IGF-II and IGF2R was investigated in 27 cases of HAs of different phases by immunohistochemistry. Through lentivirus-mediated IGF2R siRNA (Lv-siIGF2R) in HA-derived endothelial cells (HDECs), we observed the effects of IGF2R knockdown on the biological behavior of HA cells. We found that the expression of IGF-II and IGF2R was significantly increased in proliferating phase HAs, but decreased in involuting phase HAs. Furthermore, knockdown of IGF2R in vitro significantly diminished the proliferative activity and induced apoptosis and cycle arrest with decreased expression of PCNA, Ki-67, Bcl-2, Cyclin D1 and E and increased the expression of Bax in the proliferative phase HAs (HDEC and CRL-2586 EOMA cells). In addition, the tumor volumes in a subcutaneous HDEC nude mouse model treated with Lv-siIGF2R were significantly smaller than those of the control group. Taken together, our findings indicate that the expression of IGF-II and IGF2R is increased in proliferating phase HAs, and knockdown of IGF2R suppresses proliferation and induces apoptosis in HA cells in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that IGF2R may represent a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of human HAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-M Ou
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - W-S Lian
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - M-K Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Y-X Dai
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Q Dong
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - J Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - P Dong
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - X-F Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Y-B Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Z-W Quan
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Z-W Fei
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital (Chong Ming) Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 202150, P.R. China
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Xie HY, Xing CY, Wei BJ, Xu X, Wu J, Chen LM, Cao GQ, Chen H, Chen KJ, Yin SY, Wu LM, Zhou L, Zheng SS. Association of IGF1R polymorphisms with the development of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 84:264-70. [PMID: 24758241 DOI: 10.1111/tan.12360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H.-Y. Xie
- Division of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health. Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Collaborative innovation center for Diagnosis treatment of infectious diseases; Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou China
| | - C.-Y. Xing
- Division of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health. Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Collaborative innovation center for Diagnosis treatment of infectious diseases; Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou China
| | - B.-J. Wei
- Division of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health. Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Collaborative innovation center for Diagnosis treatment of infectious diseases; Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou China
| | - X. Xu
- Division of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health. Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Collaborative innovation center for Diagnosis treatment of infectious diseases; Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou China
| | - J. Wu
- Division of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health. Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Collaborative innovation center for Diagnosis treatment of infectious diseases; Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou China
| | - L.-M. Chen
- Division of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health. Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Collaborative innovation center for Diagnosis treatment of infectious diseases; Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou China
| | - G.-Q. Cao
- Division of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health. Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Collaborative innovation center for Diagnosis treatment of infectious diseases; Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou China
| | - H. Chen
- Division of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health. Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Collaborative innovation center for Diagnosis treatment of infectious diseases; Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou China
| | - K.-J. Chen
- Division of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health. Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Collaborative innovation center for Diagnosis treatment of infectious diseases; Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou China
| | - S.-Y. Yin
- Division of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health. Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Collaborative innovation center for Diagnosis treatment of infectious diseases; Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou China
| | - L.-M. Wu
- Division of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health. Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Collaborative innovation center for Diagnosis treatment of infectious diseases; Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou China
| | - L. Zhou
- Division of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health. Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Collaborative innovation center for Diagnosis treatment of infectious diseases; Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou China
| | - S.-S. Zheng
- Division of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health. Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Collaborative innovation center for Diagnosis treatment of infectious diseases; Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou China
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Reinmuth N, Kloos S, Warth A, Risch A, Muley T, Hoffmann H, Thomas M, Meister M. Insulin-like growth factor 1 pathway mutations and protein expression in resected non-small cell lung cancer. Hum Pathol 2014; 45:1162-8. [PMID: 24745618 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2014.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to characterize the prevalence of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) mutations, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), and protein overexpression in surgically resected non-small cell lung cancers in relation to patient characteristics and prognosis. This retrospective study was conducted on 304 patients with non-small cell lung cancers who underwent curative pulmonary resection (median follow-up for surviving patients, 3.6 years). IGF1R gene alterations (n = 304) and protein expression (n = 181) were evaluated by polymerase chain reaction-based assays and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Membranous and cytoplasmic staining were analyzed separately. In an exploratory analysis, 1 silent mutation in exon 16 and 3 mutations in introns of the IGF1R gene comprising the tyrosine kinase domain were detected. Moreover, evaluating selected IGF1R SNPs, patients with adenocarcinomas and homozygous for the rs8038415 T-allele had a significantly better survival (P = .025) but no different disease-free survival. Regarding expression, membranous but not cytoplasmic IGF1R staining was higher in squamous cell carcinomas versus other histologies (P < .0001) and showed a trend to longer survival (P = .08). No association between SNP variations and protein expression was found. Membranous IGF1R protein expression is higher in squamous cell versus other histologies but does not correlate with prognosis. SNPs and mutations can be detected and may harbor prognostic value. These alterations may be of interest when evaluating the IGF1R as potential therapeutic target and should receive further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Reinmuth
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Thoraxklinik at the University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Kloos
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Thoraxklinik at the University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Arne Warth
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany; Institute for Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Angela Risch
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Muley
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Thoraxklinik at the University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans Hoffmann
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Thoraxklinik at the University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Thomas
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Thoraxklinik at the University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Meister
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Translational Research Unit, Thoraxklinik at the University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Wu C, Kraft P, Stolzenberg-Solomon R, Steplowski E, Brotzman M, Xu M, Mudgal P, Amundadottir L, Arslan AA, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Gross M, Helzlsouer K, Jacobs EJ, Kooperberg C, Petersen GM, Zheng W, Albanes D, Boutron-Ruault MC, Buring JE, Canzian F, Cao G, Duell EJ, Elena JL, Gaziano JM, Giovannucci EL, Hallmans G, Hutchinson A, Hunter DJ, Jenab M, Jiang G, Khaw KT, LaCroix A, Li Z, Mendelsohn JB, Panico S, Patel AV, Qian Z, Sesso H, Shen H, Shu XO, Tjonneland A, Tobias GS, Trichopoulos D, Virtamo J, Visvanathan K, Wactawski-Wende J, Wang C, Yu K, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte A, Chanock S, Hoover R, Hartge P, Fuchs CS, Lin D, Wolpin BM. Genome-wide association study of survival in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Gut 2014; 63:152-60. [PMID: 23180869 PMCID: PMC3816124 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2012-303477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Survival of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma is limited and few prognostic factors are known. We conducted a two-stage genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify germline variants associated with survival in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. METHODS We analysed overall survival in relation to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) among 1005 patients from two large GWAS datasets, PanScan I and ChinaPC. Cox proportional hazards regression was used in an additive genetic model with adjustment for age, sex, clinical stage and the top four principal components of population stratification. The first stage included 642 cases of European ancestry (PanScan), from which the top SNPs (p≤10(-5)) were advanced to a joint analysis with 363 additional patients from China (ChinaPC). RESULTS In the first stage of cases of European descent, the top-ranked loci were at chromosomes 11p15.4, 18p11.21 and 1p36.13, tagged by rs12362504 (p=1.63×10(-7)), rs981621 (p=1.65×10(-7)) and rs16861827 (p=3.75×10(-7)), respectively. 131 SNPs with p≤10(-5) were advanced to a joint analysis with cases from the ChinaPC study. In the joint analysis, the top-ranked SNP was rs10500715 (minor allele frequency, 0.37; p=1.72×10(-7)) on chromosome 11p15.4, which is intronic to the SET binding factor 2 (SBF2) gene. The HR (95% CI) for death was 0.74 (0.66 to 0.84) in PanScan I, 0.79 (0.65 to 0.97) in ChinaPC and 0.76 (0.68 to 0.84) in the joint analysis. CONCLUSIONS Germline genetic variation in the SBF2 locus was associated with overall survival in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma of European and Asian ancestry. This association should be investigated in additional large patient cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Peter Kraft
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rachael Stolzenberg-Solomon
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Mousheng Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Poorva Mudgal
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laufey Amundadottir
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alan A. Arslan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- New York University Cancer Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Myron Gross
- Department of Laboratory Medicine/Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kathy Helzlsouer
- Prevention and Research Center, Mercy Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA and Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eric J. Jacobs
- Department of Epidemiology, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Program in Biostatistics and Biomathematics, Division of Public Health, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Medicine and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Julie E. Buring
- Divisions of Preventive Medicine and Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Ambulatory Care and Prevention, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Federico Canzian
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Guangwen Cao
- Department of Epidemiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Eric J. Duell
- Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joanne L. Elena
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Science, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - J. Michael Gaziano
- Divisions of Preventive Medicine and Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edward L. Giovannucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Göran Hallmans
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Amy Hutchinson
- Core Genotyping Facility, SAIC-Frederick Inc., NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - David J. Hunter
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mazda Jenab
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Guoliang Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Clinical Gerontology Unit, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrea LaCroix
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Zhaoshen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Julie B. Mendelsohn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute - ISPO Florence, Italy
| | - Alpa V. Patel
- Department of Epidemiology, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Zhirong Qian
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Howard Sesso
- Divisions of Preventive Medicine and Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Department of Medicine and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Anne Tjonneland
- Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Geoffrey S. Tobias
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dimitrios Trichopoulos
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Greece
| | - Jarmo Virtamo
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kala Visvanathan
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jean Wactawski-Wende
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University at Buffalo, SUNY, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Chengfeng Wang
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Yu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anne Zeleniuch-Jacquotte
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- New York University Cancer Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stephen Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robert Hoover
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Patricia Hartge
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Charles S. Fuchs
- Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Dongxin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Brian M. Wolpin
- Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
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Survival is associated with genetic variation in inflammatory pathway genes among patients with resected and unresected pancreatic cancer. Ann Surg 2013; 257:1096-102. [PMID: 23360921 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0b013e318275b7e5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test whether or not the association between inflammation and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PC) is facilitated by host susceptibility, specifically by genetic polymorphisms in inflammation-related genes. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA Inflammation has been linked to PC. Reports have cited an increased expression of proinflammatory mediators, such as NF-κB and COX, in PC but not in normal adjacent tissue, suggesting a possible role in carcinogenesis. We sought to further understand the role that genetic variants in the NF-κB inflammatory pathway play in the development and progression of PC. METHODS We genotyped 1536 tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 102 candidate genes of multiple inflammatory pathways in 1308 white patients with PC who were divided into 3 groups on the basis of the extent of disease: resected for cure (n = 400), locally advanced/unresected (n = 443), and metastatic (n = 465). Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards regression models. Statistical significance was set at less than 0.001 to control for multiple testing. RESULTS Median age was 67 (28.0-91.0) years, and 57% were men. Median survival for each of the 3 groups (resected, locally advanced, and metastatic) was 23.7, 9.4, and 6.6 months, respectively (P < 0.0001). In the resected group, carriers of a minor allele for either rs3824872 (MAPK8IP1) or rs8064821 (SOCS3) were associated with a 10- and 6-month survival advantage compared with noncarriers in patients with resected disease, with an additional 2-year survival if both minor alleles were present. With locally advanced disease, SNP rs1124736 (IGF1R) was associated with improved survival if they had a copy of the G allele, hazard ratio of 0.57 (95% confidence interval: 0.42-0.77); P = 0.0002. In addition, 4 SNPs in patients with metastatic disease were found to be associated with worse survival and 2 associated with improved overall survival, but the differences in survival were deemed not clinically significant. CONCLUSIONS SNPs in the inflammatory pathway genes MAPK8IP1 and SOCS3 were associated with increased overall survival in patients undergoing potentially curative resection and may be used in the future as markers to predict survival. Future research is needed to determine the functional relevance of these loci.
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Abstract
The importance of the IGF system in carcinogenesis has been established for many solid cancers. It is well known that individuals with higher circulating levels of the IGF1 ligand present an increased risk of cancer. However, therapies with monoclonal antibodies targeting the IGF1 receptor (IGF1R) have been largely unsuccessful. One of the potential reasons for this failure is the existence of the highly homologous insulin receptor (IR), which appears to be at least equally efficient as the IGF1R in the transition of mitogenic signals to the nucleus and promotion of cell growth. Furthermore, IGF1 and insulin receptors can form hybrid receptors sensitive to stimulation of all three ligands of the system: insulin, IGF1, and IGF2. Although the connection between insulin, diabetes, and cancer has been established for years now, clear evidence that demonstrate the redundancy of insulin and insulin receptors and insulin-like growth factors and their receptors in cancer is missing. In this review, we focus on the contribution of insulin and IGFs to carcinogenesis in the insulin-producing organ, the pancreas. We give a short summary on the complexity of insulin and the IGF system in the pancreas and their potential roles in pancreatic cancer, especially pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Finally, we discuss drug-targeting options of this system and the rationale of simultaneous targeting of both the insulin and the IGF systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Trajkovic-Arsic
- II Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstr 22, 81675 Munich, Germany.
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Qian X, Yu J, Yin Y, He J, Wang L, Li Q, Zhang LQ, Li CY, Shi ZM, Xu Q, Li W, Lai LH, Liu LZ, Jiang BH. MicroRNA-143 inhibits tumor growth and angiogenesis and sensitizes chemosensitivity to oxaliplatin in colorectal cancers. Cell Cycle 2013; 12:1385-94. [PMID: 23574723 DOI: 10.4161/cc.24477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading cancer-related causes of death in the world. Recently, downregulation of microRNA-143 (miR-143) has been observed in CRC tissues. Here in this study, we found that miR-143 expression was downregulated both in CRC patients' blood samples and tumor specimens. MiR-143 expression levels were strongly correlated with clinical stages and lymph node metastasis. Furthermore, insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR), a known oncogene, was a novel direct target of miR-143, whose expression levels were inversely correlated with miR-143 expression in human CRC specimens. Overexpression of miR-143 inhibited cell proliferation, migration, tumor growth and angiogenesis and increased chemosensitivity to oxaliplatin treatment in an IGF-IR-dependent manner. Taken together, these results revealed that miR-143 levels in human blood and tumor tissues are associated with CRC cancer occurrence, metastasis and drug resistance, and miR-143 levels may be used as a new diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for CRC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Qian
- Department of Pathology, State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine and Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Soares HP, Ni Y, Kisfalvi K, Sinnett-Smith J, Rozengurt E. Different patterns of Akt and ERK feedback activation in response to rapamycin, active-site mTOR inhibitors and metformin in pancreatic cancer cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e57289. [PMID: 23437362 PMCID: PMC3578870 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 01/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The mTOR pathway is aberrantly stimulated in many cancer cells, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and thus it is a potential target for therapy. However, the mTORC1/S6K axis also mediates negative feedback loops that attenuate signaling via insulin/IGF receptor and other tyrosine kinase receptors. Suppression of these feed-back loops unleashes over-activation of upstream pathways that potentially counterbalance the antiproliferative effects of mTOR inhibitors. Here, we demonstrate that treatment of PANC-1 or MiaPaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cells with either rapamycin or active-site mTOR inhibitors suppressed S6K and S6 phosphorylation induced by insulin and the GPCR agonist neurotensin. Rapamycin caused a striking increase in Akt phosphorylation at Ser(473) while the active-site inhibitors of mTOR (KU63794 and PP242) completely abrogated Akt phosphorylation at this site. Conversely, active-site inhibitors of mTOR cause a marked increase in ERK activation whereas rapamycin did not have any stimulatory effect on ERK activation. The results imply that first and second generation of mTOR inhibitors promote over-activation of different pro-oncogenic pathways in PDAC cells, suggesting that suppression of feed-back loops should be a major consideration in the use of these inhibitors for PDAC therapy. In contrast, metformin abolished mTORC1 activation without over-stimulating Akt phosphorylation on Ser(473) and prevented mitogen-stimulated ERK activation in PDAC cells. Metformin induced a more pronounced inhibition of proliferation than either KU63794 or rapamycin while, the active-site mTOR inhibitor was more effective than rapamycin. Thus, the effects of metformin on Akt and ERK activation are strikingly different from allosteric or active-site mTOR inhibitors in PDAC cells, though all these agents potently inhibited the mTORC1/S6K axis.
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MESH Headings
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/pharmacology
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/genetics
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/genetics
- Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/metabolism
- Feedback, Physiological/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Humans
- Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology
- Indoles/pharmacology
- Insulin/pharmacology
- Metformin/pharmacology
- Morpholines/pharmacology
- Neurotensin/pharmacology
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/genetics
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/metabolism
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Phosphorylation/drug effects
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/antagonists & inhibitors
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- Purines/pharmacology
- Pyrimidines/pharmacology
- Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa/antagonists & inhibitors
- Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa/genetics
- Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Sirolimus/pharmacology
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Heloisa P. Soares
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine; CURE: Digestive Diseases Research Center David Geffen School of Medicine and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Yang Ni
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine; CURE: Digestive Diseases Research Center David Geffen School of Medicine and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Krisztina Kisfalvi
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine; CURE: Digestive Diseases Research Center David Geffen School of Medicine and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - James Sinnett-Smith
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine; CURE: Digestive Diseases Research Center David Geffen School of Medicine and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Enrique Rozengurt
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine; CURE: Digestive Diseases Research Center David Geffen School of Medicine and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
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Association of a common genetic variant of the IGF-1 gene with event-free survival in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-012-1355-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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35
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Li J, Cao G, Ma Q, Liu H, Li W, Han L. The bidirectional interation between pancreatic cancer and diabetes. World J Surg Oncol 2012; 10:171. [PMID: 22920886 PMCID: PMC3499274 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7819-10-171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2012] [Accepted: 08/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The bidirectional interation between pancreatic cancer (PanCa) and diabetes has been confirmed by epidemiological studies, which provide evidence-based medical support for further research into the mechanisms involved in the interaction. We reviewed the literature regarding the role of diabetes in the generation and progression of PanCa and the mechanism by which PanCa induces diabetes for its malignant progression. The effect of antidiabetic drugs on the occurrence and prognosis of PanCa was also reviewed. Diabetes may directly promote the progression of PanCa by pancreatic duct enlargement and hypertension, as well as by enabling an increased tumor volume. Hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, cytokines, hyperglycemia and genotype change are also important factors in the progression of PanCa with diabetes. Hyperglycemia may be the first clinical manifestation and is helpful in the early diagnosis of PanCa. Furthermore, antidiabetic drugs can have different effects on the occurrence and prognosis of PanCa. The bidirectional interation between PanCa and diabetes is involved in the occurrence, proliferation, invasion, metastasis and prognosis of PanCa with diabetes. The discovery of biomarkers for the early diagnosis of PanCa, as well as the novel usage of metformin for its antitumor effects and determining the potential mechanisms of these effects, may be the next direction for PanCa research and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Li
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 West 5th Road, Xi'an 710004, People's Republic of China
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36
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Huang TCJ, Kar S, Javle M. Personalized therapy for pancreatic cancer: Myth or reality in 2010? J Gastrointest Oncol 2012; 1:24-33. [PMID: 22811802 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2078-6891.2010.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2010] [Accepted: 09/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Chuan Jane Huang
- Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, G11.3315, Unit 10, Houston, TX 77030
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Willis JA, Olson SH, Orlow I, Mukherjee S, McWilliams RR, Kurtz RC, Klein RJ. A replication study and genome-wide scan of single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with pancreatic cancer risk and overall survival. Clin Cancer Res 2012; 18:3942-51. [PMID: 22665904 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-11-2856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the effects of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) on pancreatic cancer risk and overall survival (OS). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The germ line DNA of 531 pancreatic cancer cases and 305 healthy controls from a hospital-based study was genotyped at SNPs previously reported to be associated with pancreatic cancer risk or clinical outcome. We analyzed putative risk SNPs for replication of their reported effects on risk and tested for novel effects on OS. Similarly, we analyzed putative survival-associated SNPs for replication of their reported effects on OS and tested for novel effects on risk. Finally, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of OS using a subset of 252 cases, with two subsequent validation sets of 261 and 572 patients, respectively. RESULTS Among seven risk SNPs analyzed, two (rs505922 and rs9543325) were associated with risk (P < 0.05). Among 24 survival-associated SNPs analyzed, one (rs9350) was associated with OS (P < 0.05). No putative risk SNPs or putative survival-associated SNPs were found to be associated with OS or risk, respectively. Furthermore, our GWAS identified a novel SNP [rs1482426, combined stage I and II, P = 1.7 × 10(-6), per-allele HR, 1.74; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.38-2.18] to be putatively associated with OS. CONCLUSIONS The effects of SNPs on pancreatic cancer risk and OS were replicated in our study, although further work is necessary to understand the functional mechanisms underlying these effects. More importantly, the putative association with OS identified by GWAS suggests that GWAS may be useful in identifying SNPs associated with clinical outcome in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason A Willis
- Program in Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
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38
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Dong X, Li Y, Tang H, Chang P, Hess KR, Abbruzzese JL, Li D. Insulin-like growth factor axis gene polymorphisms modify risk of pancreatic cancer. Cancer Epidemiol 2012; 36:206-11. [PMID: 21852217 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2011.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2011] [Revised: 05/18/2011] [Accepted: 05/19/2011] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-axis genes plays a critical role in cancer development and progression via their impact on the RAS/MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways. We hypothesized that IGF-axis genetic variants modify individual susceptibility to pancreatic cancer. METHODS We retrospectively genotyped 41 single-nucleotide polymorphisms of 10 IGF-axis genes (IGF1, IGF2, IGF1R, IGF2R, IGFBP1, IGFBP3, IGFBP5, IRS1, IRS2, and IRS4) in 706 pancreatic cancer patients and 706 cancer-free controls using Sequenom and TaqMan technology. The association between genotype and pancreatic cancer risk was evaluated using multivariate logistic regression. A P value ≤.007 at a false discovery rate of 10% was set as the significance level. RESULTS We observed that the IGF1 *10212C>A and Ex4+2776G>A and IGF1R IVS2-70184A>G and IVS2+46329T>C variant genotypes were significantly associated with decreased pancreatic cancer risk (odds ratio [OR] range, 0.60-0.75) and that IGFBP1 Ex4+111A>G (I253M) was significantly associated with increased pancreatic cancer risk (OR=1.46) after adjusted for other risk factors and multiple comparisons (P≤.007). IGF2R and IGFBP3 variant haplotypes were associated with increased and decreased pancreatic cancer risk, respectively (P<.001). We also observed a weak interaction of the IGF1R IVS2+46329T>C and IGF2R Ex45+11C>T (L2222L) genotypes with diabetes (P(interaction)=.05) and interaction of IGF2R and IRS1 genotypes with alcohol consumption (P(interaction)=.03 and .019, respectively) on increased pancreatic cancer risk. CONCLUSION These findings support our hypothesis that polymorphic variants of IGF-axis genes act alone or jointly with other risk factors to affect susceptibility to pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqun Dong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States.
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39
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Shitara K, Ito S, Misawa K, Ito Y, Ito H, Hosono S, Watanabe M, Tajima K, Tanaka H, Muro K, Matsuo K. Genetic polymorphism of IGF-I predicts recurrence in patients with gastric cancer who have undergone curative gastrectomy. Ann Oncol 2012; 23:659-664. [PMID: 21690232 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdr293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To our knowledge, no reports have evaluated the effects of genetic polymorphisms of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) on clinical outcomes of gastric cancer patients. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the impact of IGF-I polymorphisms on recurrence-free survival (RFS) in 430 patients with gastric cancer who underwent curative gastrectomy between 2001 and 2005 in our institution. RESULTS Among the 430 gastric cancer patients, 345 were pathological stage I or II, while 85 were stage III or IV. The median 5-year RFS rate was 85.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] 81.4-88.5). In a multivariate Cox model (adjusted for age, gender, histology, pathological stage, adjuvant chemotherapy, and history of diabetes), two IGF-I polymorphisms, rs1520220 and rs2195239, were significantly associated with RFS (hazard ratio [HR] 0.60, 95% CI 0.40-0.91; and HR 0.60, 95% CI 0.41-0.89, respectively, in a per-allele model). When stratified by stage (I-II versus III-IV), rs1520220 in particular was associated with RFS in patients with stage III-IV disease, with a P-value for interaction of 0.01. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that genetic polymorphisms of IGF-I may have a substantial effect on recurrence for gastric cancer patients who have undergone curative gastrectomy. This information may help identify population subgroups that could benefit from IGF-I-targeting agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S Ito
- Departments of Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya
| | - K Misawa
- Departments of Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya
| | - Y Ito
- Departments of Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya
| | - H Ito
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya
| | - S Hosono
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya
| | - M Watanabe
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya
| | - K Tajima
- Director, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya
| | - H Tanaka
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya; Department of Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - K Muro
- Departments of Clinical Oncology
| | - K Matsuo
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya; Department of Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
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40
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Nakao M, Hosono S, Ito H, Watanabe M, Mizuno N, Yatabe Y, Yamao K, Ueda R, Tajima K, Tanaka H, Matsuo K. Interaction between IGF-1 polymorphisms and overweight for the risk of pancreatic cancer in Japanese. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENETICS 2011; 2:354-366. [PMID: 22199998 PMCID: PMC3243451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 11/08/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Although several reports have described a possible association between insulin-like growth factors-1 (IGF-1) and pancreatic cancer (PC) risk, this association has not been evaluated in the non-Caucasian population. To assess the impact of IGF-1 polymorphisms on PC risk in Japanese, we conducted a case-control study which compared the frequency of ten single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and haplotypes of IGF-1. SNPs were investigated using the TaqMan method in 176 patients with PC and 1402 control subjects. Exposure to risk factors was assessed from the results of a self-administered questionnaire. Associations and gene-environment interactions were examined using an unconditional logistic regression model. We did not observe any significant main effect of IGF-1 loci, but did find interactions between rs5742714 and past and/or current body-mass index (BMI) status. Among patients with BMI > 25 at age 20, an increased PC risk was observed with the addition of the minor allele for rs5742714 (trend P = 0.048) and rs6214 (P = 0.043). Among patients with current BMI > 25, an increased or decreased PC risk was observed with the addition of the minor allele for rs5742714 (trend P = 0.046), rs4764887 (P = 0.031) and rs5742612 (P = 0.038). Haplotype analysis of IGF-1 showed a significant association among patients who were either or both previously or currently overweight. These findings suggest that IGF-1 polymorphisms may affect the development of PC in the Japanese population in combination with obesity. Further studies to confirm these findings are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Nakao
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8681, Japan
- Department of Medical Oncology and Immunology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Science1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Satoyo Hosono
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8681, Japan
| | - Hidemi Ito
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8681, Japan
| | - Miki Watanabe
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8681, Japan
| | - Nobumasa Mizuno
- Department of Gastroenterology, Aichi Cancer Center Central Hospital1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8681, Japan
| | - Yasushi Yatabe
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Aichi Cancer Center Central Hospital1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8681, Japan
| | - Kenji Yamao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Aichi Cancer Center Central Hospital1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8681, Japan
| | - Ryuzo Ueda
- Department of Medical Oncology and Immunology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Science1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Kazuo Tajima
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8681, Japan
| | - Hideo Tanaka
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8681, Japan
- Department of Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8681, Japan
- Department of Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
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Chen HT, Cai QC, Zheng JM, Man XH, Jiang H, Song B, Jin G, Zhu W, Li ZS. High expression of delta-like ligand 4 predicts poor prognosis after curative resection for pancreatic cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2011; 19 Suppl 3:S464-74. [PMID: 21822553 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-011-1968-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Delta-like ligand 4 (DLL4)-Notch signaling plays a key role in tumor angiogenesis, but its prognostic value in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains unclear. Our aim was to determine whether high DLL4 expression is correlated with poor prognosis after curative resection for PDAC. METHODS Surgical specimens obtained from 89 patients with PDAC were immunohistochemically assessed for DLL4 and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) expression. Prognostic significance of DLL4 expression was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression. The correlations of DLL4 expression with VEGFR-2 expression, tumor stage, and lymph node metastasis were examined by chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS There were 38 (42.7%) and 51 patients who showed high and low DLL4 expression, respectively. Survival curves showed that patients with low DLL4 expression had a significantly better survival than those with high DLL4 expression (P < .001). Multivariate survival analysis demonstrated that high DLL4 expression was independently associated with both reduced overall survival (hazard ratio [HR] 2.24; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.14-4.38) and reduced progression-free survival (HR 2.37; 95% CI 1.22-4.60). Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that high DLL4 expression was independently associated with both advanced tumor stage (odds ratio [OR] 6.84; 95% CI 2.42-9.36) and lymph node metastasis (OR 3.27; 95% CI 1.04-10.34). We also found a positive correlation between DLL4 and VEGFR-2 expression (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS High DLL4 expression is significantly associated with poor prognosis for surgically resected PDAC, advanced tumor stage, and lymph node metastasis. Application of adjuvant therapy targeting DLL4-Notch signaling may improve prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Tao Chen
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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42
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Dong X, Li Y, Chang P, Hess KR, Abbruzzese JL, Li D. DNA mismatch repair network gene polymorphism as a susceptibility factor for pancreatic cancer. Mol Carcinog 2011; 51:491-9. [PMID: 21681824 DOI: 10.1002/mc.20817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2011] [Revised: 05/18/2011] [Accepted: 05/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
DNA repair plays a critical role in human cancers. We hypothesized that DNA mismatch repair gene variants are associated with risk of pancreatic cancer. We retrospectively genotyped 102 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of 13 mismatch repair related genes in 706 patients with pancreatic cancer and 706 cancer-free controls using the mass spectroscopy-based MassArray method. Association of genotype with pancreatic cancer risk was tested by multivariate logistic regression models. A significance level of P ≤ 0.0015 was set at the false discovery rate (FDR) <1% using the Beta-Uniform Mixture method. We found 28 SNPs related to altered pancreatic cancer risk (P < 0.05). Adjusting for multiple comparisons, MGMT I143V AG/GG, PMS2 IVS1-1121C > T TC/TT, and PMS2L3 Ex1 + 118C > T CT/TT genotypes showed significant main effects on pancreatic cancer risk at FDR <1% with OR (95% CI) of 0.60 (0.46-0.80), 1.44 (1.14-1.81), and 5.54 (2.10-14.61), respectively (P ≤ 0.0015). To demonstrate genotype-phenotype association, we measured O(6)-ethylguanosine (O(6)-EtGua) adduct levels in vitro by immunoslot blot assay in lymphocytes treated with N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) in 297 case/control subjects. MGMT I143V GG, MGMT K178R GG, MSH6 G39E AG/AA, PMS2L3 IVS3 + 9A > G GA and TP73 IVS1-7449G > C CG/CC genotypes correlated with a higher level of ENU-induced DNA adducts. Haplotypes of MGMT, MSH6, PMS2, PMS2L3, and TP73 were significantly associated with pancreatic cancer risk (P ≤ 0.0015). Our findings suggest that mismatch repair gene variants may affect susceptibility to pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqun Dong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030-4009, USA
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Winder T, Zhang W, Yang D, Ning Y, Bohanes P, Gerger A, Wilson PM, Pohl A, Mauro DJ, Langer C, Rowinsky EK, Lenz HJ. Germline polymorphisms in genes involved in the IGF1 pathway predict efficacy of cetuximab in wild-type KRAS mCRC patients. Clin Cancer Res 2010; 16:5591-602. [PMID: 20935157 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-10-2092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) signaling pathway is an important growth-regulatory pathway, which plays a crucial role in colorectal cancer (CRC) proliferation, differentiation, migration, angiogenesis, and apoptosis. Previous studies showed that hyperactivation of the IGF1 receptor (IGF1R) may result in resistance to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor-targeted treatment. We tested whether germline variations within the IGF1 pathway are associated with clinical outcome in wild-type (wt) KRAS drug-refractory metastatic CRC (mCRC) patients who were treated with cetuximab monotherapy (IMC-0144). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples of 130 drug-refractory mCRC patients enrolled in IMC-0144, a phase II clinical trial of cetuximab monotherapy, were analyzed. gDNA was extracted from dissected FFPE tumor tissue, and KRAS mutation status and six potentially functional IGF1 and IGF1R polymorphisms were analyzed using direct DNA sequencing or PCR-RFLP. Tumor response analysis was based on recursive partitioning, and survival analyses were based on univariate and multivariate hazard regression models. RESULTS In univariate and multivariate analyses, five IGF pathway single-nucleotide polymorphisms were significantly associated with progression-free survival (PFS) and/or overall survival (OS). In multivariate combined risk allele analysis, the additive model for PFS and OS was significantly associated with the number of risk alleles in wt KRAS patients (P = 0.001 and P = 0.02, respectively). In addition, wt KRAS patients harboring IGF1 rs2946834 A/A genotype had a 50% objective response rate compared with 0% for A/G genotype. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that IGF1 pathway polymorphisms are potential predictive/prognostic molecular markers for cetuximab efficacy in wt KRAS mCRC patients. Prospective biomarker-embedded clinical trials are warranted to validate our findings. Clin Cancer Res; 16(22); 5591-602. ©2010 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Winder
- Division of Medical Oncology University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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Dong X, Tang H, Hess KR, Abbruzzese JL, Li D. Glucose metabolism gene polymorphisms and clinical outcome in pancreatic cancer. Cancer 2010; 117:480-91. [PMID: 20845477 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.25612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2010] [Accepted: 07/29/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altered glucose metabolism is the most common metabolic hallmark of malignancies. The authors tested the hypothesis that glucose metabolism gene variations affect clinical outcome in pancreatic cancer. METHODS The authors retrospectively genotyped 26 single nucleotide polymorphisms from 5 glucose metabolism genes in 154 patients with localized disease and validated the findings in 552 patients with different stages of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Association between genotypes and overall survival (OS) was evaluated using multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models with adjustment for clinical predictors. RESULTS Glucokinase (GCK) IVS1 + 9652C > T and hexokinase 2 (HK2) N692N homozygous variants were significantly associated with reduced OS in the training set of 154 patients (P < .001). These associations were confirmed in the validation set of 552 patients and in the combined dataset of all 706 patients (P ≤ .001). In addition, HK2 R844K variant K allele was associated with a better survival in the validation set and the combined dataset (P ≤ .001). When data were further analyzed by disease stage, glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase (GFPT1) IVS14-3094T>C, HK2 N692N and R844K in patients with localized disease and GCK IVS1 + 9652C>T in patients with advanced disease were significant independent predictors for OS (P ≤ .001). Haplotype CGG of GPI and GCTATGG of HK2 were associated with better OS, respectively, with P values of .004 and .007. CONCLUSIONS The authors demonstrated that glucose metabolism gene polymorphisms affect clinical outcome in pancreatic cancer. These observations support a role of abnormal glucose metabolism in pancreatic carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqun Dong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 7703-4009, USA
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