1
|
Kiani M, Soleimani Mehranjani M, Ali Shariatzadeh M. Empagliflozin reduces the adverse effects of diabetes mellitus on testicular tissue in type 2 diabetic Rats: A stereological and biochemical study. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 223:116135. [PMID: 38508421 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Empagliflozin as an antioxidant decreases blood glucose and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Base on the empagliflozin antioxidant properties we decided to investigate the its effects on the testis histological changes through stereological techniques and biochemical evaluations in T2 diabetes mellitus rats. Rats were divided into: control, diabetes mellitus (DM, streptozotocin + nicotinamide) and diabetes mellitus + empagliflozin (DM + EMPA, 10 mg/kg/day) groups. 56 days after inducing diabetes mellitus testis histological changes and serum biochemical factors along with the level of Bax, Bcl2 and Nrf2 genes expression in the testicular tissue were assessed. A significant decrease in the mean total volume of testis and its components, the level of Bcl2 and Nrf2 gene expression (p < 0.001) along with a significant increase in the level of IL-6, TNF-α, MDA, Bax gene expression were observed in the DM group compared to the control group (p < 0.001). In the DM + EMPA group, the mean total volume of testis and its components, the level of Bcl2 gene expression (p< 0.01) and Nrf2 (p < 0.001) significantly increased whereas the mean level of IL-6 (p < 0.01), TNF-α (p < 0.001), MDA (p < 0.001), Bax (p < 0.001) gene expression significantly decreased compared to the DM group. Our results showed that empagliflozin, by improving the antioxidant defense system, can reduce testicular inflammation and apoptosis and partly prevent the adverse effects of diabetes mellitus on testicular tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mina Kiani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Arak University, Arak 3815688138, Iran
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
BİLGİÇ Y, KANAT BH, ÖZHAN O, YILDIZ A, AKSUNGUR Z, ERDEMLİ ME, VARDI N, TÜRKÖZ Y, AKBULUT S, KÖSE A, PARLAKPINAR H. Does apocynin increase liver regeneration in the partial hepatectomy model? Turk J Med Sci 2023; 53:647-658. [PMID: 37476910 PMCID: PMC10388095 DOI: 10.55730/1300-0144.5627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepayocyte loss may develop secondary to liver surgery and at this point liver regeneration plays a significant act in terms of liver reserve. The purpose of this research was to investigate the efficacy of apocynin on liver regeneration and preservation after partial hepatectomy in rats. METHODS A total of 32 rats, have been divided into 4 groups (n: 8) for hepatectomy model. Inflammatory and antiinflammatory parameters were measured from blood and liver tissue samples. In addition, the effects of apocynin were examined immunohistochemically and histopathologically from liver tissue. RESULTS In liver tissue samples, a significant difference has been found in glutathione peroxidase, total nitrite, catalase, oxidative stress index, total antioxidant and total oxidant status between sham and hepatectomy groups. A significant difference has been achieved between hepatectomy and posthepatectomy-Apocynin in terms of glutathione peroxidase and oxidative stress index. Total antioxidant status, oxidative stress index, and total oxidant status were significantly different only between the sham and the hepatectomy groups. Statistical differences were found between sham and hepatectomy groups and between hepatectomy and pre+post-hepatectomy-Apocynin groups in terms of serum glutathione, malondialdehyde, total nitrite, and L-Arginine. There were significant differences between the sham and hepatectomy groups, between hepatectomy and posthepatectomy-apocynin groups, between posthepatctomy-apocynin and pre+posthepatectomy-apocynin groups in terms of sinusoidal dilatation, intracytoplasmic vacuolization and glycogen loss (p < 0.001), in all histopathologic parameters except sinusoidal dilatation (p < 0.05). However, significant Ki-67 increases have been elaborated in hepatectomy, posthepatectomy-apocynin, and pre+posthepatectomy-apocynin groups compared to sham group (p < 0.001), in pre+posthepatectomy apocynin group compared to hepatectomy and posthepatectomy-apocynin groups (p < 0.001). DISCUSSION Histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and biochemistry results of this study revealed that apocynin has a protective effect on enhancing liver regeneration in partial hepatectomy cases in rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yılmaz BİLGİÇ
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Malatya,
Turkey
| | - Burhan Hakan KANAT
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Malatya,
Turkey
| | - Onural ÖZHAN
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Malatya,
Turkey
| | - Azibe YILDIZ
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Malatya,
Turkey
| | - Zeynep AKSUNGUR
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Malatya,
Turkey
| | - Mehmet Erman ERDEMLİ
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Malatya,
Turkey
| | - Nigar VARDI
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Malatya,
Turkey
| | - Yusuf TÜRKÖZ
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Malatya,
Turkey
| | - Sami AKBULUT
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Malatya,
Turkey
| | - Adem KÖSE
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Malatya,
Turkey
| | - Hakan PARLAKPINAR
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Malatya,
Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Almarzouq D, Al-Maghrebi M. NADPH Oxidase-Mediated Testicular Oxidative Imbalance Regulates the TXNIP/NLRP3 Inflammasome Axis Activation after Ischemia Reperfusion Injury. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12010145. [PMID: 36671008 PMCID: PMC9855003 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress, inflammation and germ cell death are the main characteristics of testicular ischemia reperfusion injury (tIRI), which is considered as the underlying mechanism for testicular torsion and detorsion. The study aimed to examine the effect of tIRI-activated NADPH oxidase (NOX) on the expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway components. Three groups of male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 12 each) were studied: sham, unilateral tIRI only and tIRI treated with apocynin, a NOX-specific inhibitor. The tIRI rat model was subjected to 1 h of ischemia followed by 4 h of reperfusion. H&E staining, real time PCR, biochemical assays, and Western blot were utilized to evaluate spermatogenic damage, gene expression, oxidative stress markers, and NLRP3 pathway components, respectively. As a result of tIRI, decreased total antioxidant capacity and suppressed activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase were associated with spermatogenic arrest. The components of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway (TXNIP, NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, GSDMD, MMP-9) were upregulated transcriptionally and post-transcriptionally during tIRI. In parallel, tissue inflammation was demonstrated by a marked increase in the concentrations of myeloperoxidase, IL-1β, and IL-18. Apocynin treatment prevented testicular oxidative stress and inflammation. Thus, NOX inhibition by apocynin prevented ROS accumulation, proinflammatory cytokine overexpression and NLRP3 inflammasome activation during tIRI.
Collapse
|
4
|
Li G, Wei X, Wu R, Zhou W, Li Y, Zhu Z, You C. Stoichiometric Conversion of Maltose for Biomanufacturing by In Vitro Synthetic Enzymatic Biosystems. BIODESIGN RESEARCH 2022; 2022:9806749. [PMID: 37850132 PMCID: PMC10521662 DOI: 10.34133/2022/9806749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Maltose is a natural α-(1,4)-linked disaccharide with wide applications in food industries and microbial fermentation. However, maltose has scarcely been used for in vitro biosynthesis, possibly because its phosphorylation by maltose phosphorylase (MP) yields β-glucose 1-phosphate (β-G1P) that cannot be utilized by α-phosphoglucomutase (α-PGM) commonly found in in vitro synthetic enzymatic biosystems previously constructed by our group. Herein, we designed an in vitro synthetic enzymatic reaction module comprised of MP, β-phosphoglucomutase (β-PGM), and polyphosphate glucokinase (PPGK) for the stoichiometric conversion of each maltose molecule to two glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) molecules. Based on this synthetic module, we further constructed two in vitro synthetic biosystems to produce bioelectricity and fructose 1,6-diphosphate (FDP), respectively. The 14-enzyme biobattery achieved a Faraday efficiency of 96.4% and a maximal power density of 0.6 mW/cm2, whereas the 5-enzyme in vitro FDP-producing biosystem yielded 187.0 mM FDP from 50 g/L (139 mM) maltose by adopting a fed-batch substrate feeding strategy. Our study not only suggests new application scenarios for maltose but also provides novel strategies for the high-efficient production of bioelectricity and value-added biochemicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guowei Li
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 1038 Dagu Nanlu, Hexi District, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xinlei Wei
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Ranran Wu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Yunjie Li
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Zhiguang Zhu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308China
| | - Chun You
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Combined Effects of Oligopeptides Isolated from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer and Ostrea gigas Thunberg on Sexual Function in Male Mice. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18052349. [PMID: 33670840 PMCID: PMC7967744 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Male sexual debility affects patients’ confidence and damages the relationship between the couples and thus affects the stability of the family. This study aimed to investigate the effects of oligopeptides isolated from ginseng and oyster (GOPs and OOPs), separately and in combination, on sexual function in male mice. In the first experiment, male mice were randomly divided into five groups: vehicle control group; whey protein (125.0 mg kg−1) group; and GOPs 62.5, 125.0, and 250.0 mg kg−1 groups. In the second experiment, male mice were randomly divided into five groups: vehicle control group, whey protein (160.0 mg kg−1) group, and OOPs 80.0, 160.0, and 320.0 mg kg−1 groups. In the third experiment, male mice were randomly divided into six groups: vehicle control group, whey protein (222.5 mg kg−1) group, and GOPs + OOPs 62.5 + 160.0, 62.5 + 320.0, and 125.0 + 160.0, 125.0 + 320.0 mg kg−1 groups. Test substances were given by gavage once a day for 30 days. The sexual behavior parameters, serum nitric oxide (NO), testosterone, cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), and phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) concentrations were detected. We found that GOPs at 250.0 mg kg−1 improved male sexual behavior, NO, and testosterone content, whereas GOPs at 62.5 and 125.0 mg kg−1 and OOPs at 80.0, 160, and 320 mg kg−1 did not have significant effects. The combination of 62.5 mg kg−1 GOPs + 160.0 mg kg−1 OOPs and the combination of 125.0 mg kg−1 GOPs + 320.0 mg kg−1 OOPs improved male sexual behavior, serum NO, testosterone, and cGMP contents and decreased PDE5 content. The combination of 62.5 mg kg−1 GOPs and 160.0 mg kg−1 OOPs had the best effects among four combined groups. These results suggested that GOPs in combination with OOPs had the synergistic effects of enhancing male sexual function, probably via elevating serum testosterone, NO, and corpus cavernosum cGMP level and decreasing the corpus cavernosum PDE5 level. GOPs and OOPs could be novel natural agents for improving male sexual function.
Collapse
|
6
|
Shi W, Guo Z, Ji Y, Feng J. The protective effect of recombinant globular adiponectin on testis by modulating autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 879:173132. [PMID: 32353359 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study was to investigate whether recombinant globular adiponectin produced its protective effect on the testis of diabetic mice by modulating autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress. Male mice were randomly divided into control, diabetic, diabetic treated with low and high dose of adiponectin. Mice were killed at the termination after 4 weeks and 8 weeks of adiponectin treatment. Serum levels of glucose, lipids, testosterone, insulin, LH and FSH were measured. The protein expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), Caspase12, Beclin1, microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) and p62 was determined by western blotting. The mRNA expression of adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1), p22phox, p47phox, nuclear factor erythroid2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase 1(NQO1), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. The testicular weight, the sperm number and motility, and the serum levels of testosterone and insulin were significantly decreased in diabetic mice (P < 0.05). The expression of Beclin1, LC3, Nrf2, NQO1, HO-1, SOD and AdipoR1 were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), while the expression of GRP78, CHOP, Caspase12, p62, p22phox and p47phox were notably increased in the testes of diabetic mice (P < 0.05). Adiponectin treatment significantly reversed the above-mentioned changes in the testes of diabetic mice, some of which were dose- and time-dependent (P < 0.05). These data suggested that recombinant globular adiponectin may produce the protective effect on the testes of diabetic mice by inducing autophagy and inhibiting ER stress and oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjiao Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zhixin Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China.
| | - Yun Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jingyi Feng
- Department of Endocrinology, Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jiao N, Chen Y, Zhu Y, Wang W, Liu M, Ding W, Lv G, Lu J, Yu B, Xu H. Protective effects of catalpol on diabetes mellitus-induced male reproductive damage via suppression of the AGEs/RAGE/Nox4 signaling pathway. Life Sci 2019; 256:116736. [PMID: 31398417 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Diabetes mellitus (DM)-induced reproductive damage is an important cause of infertility for male DM patients, we herein evaluated the effects of catalpol on diabetic reproductive damage through the suppression of the AGEs/RAGE/Nox4 signaling pathway. METHODS KK-Ay diabetic reproductive damage mice were administered with catalpol for 8 weeks, the testis/body weight ratio, testicular histopathology, the levels of endogenous hormone and the activity of testicular marker enzymes were determined. In vitro, the GC-2 cell injury model was induced by advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and pretreated with catalpol. Cell viability, apoptosis, and oxidative stress markers were detected and the mechanism based on the AGEs/RAGE/Nox4 pathway was explored. KEY FINDINGS Catalpol showed remarkable capacity on protecting diabetic reproductive damage by improving the histomorphology of the testes, increasing the testis/body weight ratio and activity of acid phosphatase (ACP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), gamma-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT). The reduced testosterone (T), luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels in DM mice were also reversed with catalpol intervention. Moreover, catalpol showed markedly effects of anti-oxidative in vivo and in vitro, which significantly down-regulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and restored superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, meanwhile decreased GC-2 cell apoptosis and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Moreover, the over-expression of receptors for AGEs (RAGE), NADPH oxidase type 4 (Nox4) and phosphorylation of nuclear transcription factor-κB p65 (NF-κB p65) were suppressed by catalpol. SIGNIFICANCE Catalpol could alleviate DM-induced male reproductive damage by inhibiting oxidative stress-induced apoptosis and inflammation mediated by AGEs/RAGE/Nox4 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ni Jiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of TCM, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yuping Chen
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yanchen 224005, China; Nursing Department, Chemistry and Life Science College, Nanjing University Jinling College, Nanjing 210089, China
| | - Yihui Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Mengxue Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wangli Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Gaohong Lv
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jinfu Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Huiqin Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Curcumin Attenuates Testicular Injury in Rats with Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:7468019. [PMID: 30151389 PMCID: PMC6091380 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7468019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative damage, inflammation, and apoptosis are the primary features of diabetic testicular damage. Curcumin protects against diabetic testicular injury, but the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. This study examined the effect of curcumin on type 2 diabetes mellitus- (T2DM-) induced testicular injury, oxidative stress, and apoptotic changes. T2DM rats were intraperitoneally injected with 40 mg/kg STZ after being fed a high-fat diet for 8 weeks. One week after STZ injection, 100 or 200 mg/kg curcumin was administered orally to the diabetic rats for 16 weeks. Histological changes in the testes were determined by HE staining. Serum testosterone was measured. Markers of superoxide levels, such as SOD activity and MDA content, and markers of cell death, including the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, and MAPK family members, were measured by molecular biology or immunohistochemical techniques. Degeneration and disruption of seminiferous tubule structure were observed in diabetic rats. Serum testosterone levels were markedly lower in diabetic rats than in control rats. Moreover, testicular apoptosis and Bax expression were much higher in diabetic rats than in control rats. Superoxide generation, the NADP+/NADPH ratio, and NADPH oxidase subunit expression, including expression of the gp91phox, p47phox, and p67phox subunits, increased, while antioxidant enzyme levels decreased in diabetic rats. Furthermore, the MAPK signaling pathway was activated in diabetic rats. Curcumin partially prevented diabetes-induced microstructural abnormalities and significantly increased serum testosterone levels compared to untreated T2DM rats. Additionally, curcumin reduced testicular apoptosis by regulating apoptotic proteins and markedly inhibited oxidative stress levels by downregulating MDA expression, decreasing NADPH activity, and restoring antioxidant enzymes. Remarkably, curcumin treatment also suppressed MAPK activation. Thus, curcumin may have therapeutic value in the treatment of diabetes-induced testicular injury due to its prevention of testicular apoptosis and attenuation of oxidative stress.
Collapse
|
9
|
Feng W, Cui X, Liu B, Liu C, Xiao Y, Lu W, Guo H, He M, Zhang X, Yuan J, Chen W, Wu T. Association of urinary metal profiles with altered glucose levels and diabetes risk: a population-based study in China. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123742. [PMID: 25874871 PMCID: PMC4395404 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated heavy metals and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels were both associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. However, studies on the associations of heavy metals and essential elements with altered FPG and diabetes risk were limited or conflicting. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential associations of heavy metals and essential trace elements with FPG and diabetes risk among general Chinese population. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study to investigate the associations of urinary concentrations of 23 metals with FPG, impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and diabetes among 2242 community-based Chinese adults in Wuhan. We used the false discovery rate (FDR) method to correct for multiple hypothesis tests. RESULTS After adjusting for potential confounders, urinary aluminum, titanium, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, selenium, rubidium, strontium, molybdenum, cadmium, antimony, barium, tungsten and lead were associated with altered FPG, IFG or diabetes risk (all P< 0.05); arsenic was only dose-dependently related to diabetes (P< 0.05). After additional adjustment for multiple testing, titanium, copper, zinc, selenium, rubidium, tungsten and lead were still significantly associated with one or more outcomes (all FDR-adjusted P< 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that multiple metals in urine are associated with FPG, IFG or diabetes risk. Because the cross-sectional design precludes inferences about causality, further prospective studies are warranted to validate our findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Feng
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiuqing Cui
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Chuanyao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Huan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Meian He
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Weihong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Tangchun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd, Wuhan 430030, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bochi GV, Torbitz VD, Cargnin LP, Sangoi MB, Santos RCV, Gomes P, Moresco RN. Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate and N-acetylcysteine attenuate the formation of advanced oxidation protein products, a new class of inflammatory mediators, in vitro. Inflammation 2013; 35:1786-92. [PMID: 22777066 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-012-9498-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The accumulation of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) has been linked to several pathological conditions. Previous studies have identified AOPP as a novel biomarker of oxidative damage to proteins and a novel class of mediator of inflammation. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (FBP) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) as well as the synergistic effect of both treatments on the formation of AOPP in vitro. For this purpose, we incubated the human serum albumin (HSA) with various hypochlorous acid (HOCl) concentrations to produce albumin-advanced oxidation protein products (HSA-AOPP). Both FBP and NAC were capable of inhibiting the formation of HOCl-induced AOPP in a concentration-dependent manner. The synergistic effect promoted by the association of these drugs showed to be more effective than when tested alone. Thus, both FBP and NAC may be good candidates to mitigate and neutralize pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidant effects of AOPP in several diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Vargas Bochi
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Clínica, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima 1000, Prédio 26, Sala 1401, Camobi, 97105-900 Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang GL, Dai DZ, Zhang C, Dai Y. Apocynin and raisanberine alleviate intermittent hypoxia induced abnormal StAR and 3β-HSD and low testosterone by suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress and activated p66Shc in rat testes. Reprod Toxicol 2013; 36:60-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2012.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2012] [Revised: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
12
|
Li M, Liu Z, Zhuan L, Wang T, Guo S, Wang S, Liu J, Ye Z. Effects of apocynin on oxidative stress and expression of apoptosis-related genes in testes of diabetic rats. Mol Med Rep 2013; 7:47-52. [PMID: 23076300 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2012.1132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 07/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important in the development of diabetic testicular dysfunction. Overproduction of ROS promotes the process of apoptosis, which shows that there is a crosstalk between oxidative stress and apoptosis. Recent research has suggested that NADPH oxidase is the main source of ROS. In this study, we investigated whether the NADPH oxidase inhibitor, apocynin, can improve diabetes‑induced testicular dysfunction by suppressing oxidative stress. The streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats were administered apocynin, and the mRNA and protein expression of Bax, Bcl-2, p47phox and p67phox was examined by real-time PCR (RT-PCR) and western blot analysis. Production of ROS was measured by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay. Terminal-deoxynucleoitidyl transferase mediated nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assay was used to detect apoptosis and ELISA was used to detect total testosterone levels. The mRNA and protein expression of Bcl-2 was significantly reduced, and that of Bax, p47phox and p67phox was significantly increased in the diabetic rats compared to the control group. Apocynin significantly increased the expression of Bcl-2 and decreased the expression of Bax, p47phox and p67phox at both the mRNA and protein levels. The production of ROS and apoptotic cells significantly increased in the diabetic group compared to the control group. Apocynin significantly reduced the production of ROS and apoptotic cells and increased the total testosterone level. In conclusion, apocynin is capable of ameliorating testicular dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingchao Li
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wheeler TJ, Chien S. Protection of rat cardiac myocytes by fructose-1,6-bisphosphate and 2,3-butanedione. PLoS One 2012; 7:e35023. [PMID: 22558110 PMCID: PMC3338745 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0035023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2011] [Accepted: 03/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Earlier studies by our group showed that fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (FBP) enhances the hypothermic preservation of rat cardiac myocytes and the functional recovery of animal hearts after hypothermic storage. However, the mechanisms involved were not clear. We extended the cardiomyocyte studies by testing whether the FBP effects were due to chelation of extracellular calcium, leading to lower intracellular levels. We also tested effects of 2,3-butanedione monoxime (BDM), pyruvate, and adenine nucleotide precursors. Cardiomyocytes were incubated in ischemic suspension at 3°C, and aliquots examined over 48 to 72 hours for retention of rod-shaped morphology, a measure of viability. Cytosolic Ca2+ levels were measured in some experiments. FBP at 5 mM reduced the death rate even when added after one or two days of incubation. It caused cytosolic calcium levels that were 33% lower than controls in freshly-isolated cells and 70% lower after one day of incubation. EGTA protected against cell death similarly to FBP. These results indicated that one of the mechanisms by which FBP exerts protective effects is through chelation of extracellular calcium. BDM was strongly protective and reduced cytosolic calcium by 30% after one day of incubation. As with FBP, BDM was effective when added after one or two days of incubation. BDM may be useful in combination with FBP in preserving heart tissue. Pyruvate, adenine, and ribose provided little or no protection during hypothermia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J. Wheeler
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Sufan Chien
- Department of Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
CPU86017-RS attenuate hypoxia-induced testicular dysfunction in mice by normalizing androgen biosynthesis genes and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2012; 33:470-8. [PMID: 22426698 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2011.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Downregulation of androgen biosynthesis genes StAR (steroidogenic acute regulatory) and 3β-HSD (3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) contributes to low testosterone levels in hypoxic mice and is possibly related to increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the testis. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of CPU86017-RS that block Ca(2+) influx on hypoxia-induced testis insult in mice. METHODS Male ICR mice were divided into 5 groups: control group, hypoxia group, hypoxia group treated with nifedipine (10 mg/kg), hypoxia groups treated with CPU86017-RS (60 or 80 mg/kg). Hypoxia was induced by placing the mice in a chamber under 10%±0.5% O2 for 28 d (8 h per day). The mice were orally administered with drug in the last 14 d. At the end of experiment the testes of the mice were harvested. The mRNA and protein levels of StAR, 3β-HSD, connexin 43 (Cx43), matrix metalloprotease 9 (MMP9), endothelin receptor A (ET(A)R) and leptin receptor (OBRb) were analyzed using RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The malondialdehyde (MDA), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and acid phosphatase (ACP) levels were measured using biochemical kits. Serum testosterone concentration was measured with radioimmunoassay. RESULTS Hypoxia significantly increased the MDA level, and decreased the LDH, ACP and SDH activities in testes. Meanwhile, hypoxia induced significant downregulation of StAR and 3β-HSD in testes responsible for reduced testosterone biosynthesis. It decreased the expression of Cx43, and increased the expression of MMP9, ETAR and OBRb, leading to abnormal testis function and structure. These changes were effectively diminished by CPU86017-RS (80 mg/kg) or nifedipine (10 mg/kg). CONCLUSION Low plasma testosterone level caused by hypoxia was due to downregulation of StAR and 3β-HSD genes, in association with an increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These changes can be alleviated by CPU86017-RS or nifedipine.
Collapse
|
15
|
Lei S, Liu Y, Liu H, Yu H, Wang H, Xia Z. Effects of N-acetylcysteine on nicotinamide dinucleotide phosphate oxidase activation and antioxidant status in heart, lung, liver and kidney in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Yonsei Med J 2012; 53:294-303. [PMID: 22318816 PMCID: PMC3282981 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2012.53.2.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Hyperglycemia increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the resulting oxidative stress plays a key role in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. Nicotinamide dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase is one of the major sources of ROS production in diabetes. We, therefore, examined the possibility that NADPH oxidase activation is increased in various tissues, and that the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) may have tissue specific effects on NADPH oxidase and tissue antioxidant status in diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Control (C) and streptozotocin-induced diabetic (D) rats were treated either with NAC (1.5 g/kg/day) orally or placebo for 4 weeks. The plasma, heart, lung, liver, kidney were harvested immediately and stored for biochemical or immunoblot analysis. RESULTS levels of free 15-F(2t)-isoprostane were increased in plasma, heart, lung, liver and kidney tissues in diabetic rats, accompanied with significantly increased membrane translocation of the NADPH oxidase subunit p67phox in all tissues and increased expression of the membrane-bound subunit p22phox in heart, lung and kidney. The tissue antioxidant activity in lung, liver and kidney was decreased in diabetic rats, while it was increased in heart tissue. NAC reduced the expression of p22phox and p67phox, suppressed p67phox membrane translocation, and reduced free 15-F(2t)-isoprostane levels in all tissues. NAC increased antioxidant activity in liver and lung, but did not significantly affect antioxidant activity in heart and kidney. CONCLUSION The current study shows that NAC inhibits NADPH oxidase activation in diabetes and attenuates tissue oxidative damage in all organs, even though its effects on antioxidant activity are tissue specific.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqing Lei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yanan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Huimin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengyuan Xia
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Xu M, Tang YQ, Dai DZ, Zheng YF, Cheng YS, Zhang Q, Dai Y. Comparison of sildenafil with strontium fructose diphosphate in improving erectile dysfunction against upregulated cavernosal NADPH oxidase, protein kinase Cε, and endothelin system in diabetic rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2011; 64:244-51. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2011.01390.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors are potent in relieving erectile dysfunction (ED), however, they are less satisfactory in diabetic patients, probably due to the pro-inflammatory biomarkers caused by diabetes. Therefore, it was interesting to compare the effects of sildenafil with strontium fructose 1,6-diphosphate (FDP-Sr) on cavernosal vascular activity and expressions of pro-inflammatory biomarkers in diabetic rats.
Methods
Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with streptozocin (60 mg/kg, i.p.) to develop diabetes. The animals were diabetic for eight weeks with sildenafil (12 mg/kg per day) or FDP-Sr (200 mg/kg per day) being administered for the last four of those eight weeks.
Key findings
Sildenafil was more effective in relieving reduced vascular dilatation (relevant to ED), but less in attenuating over-expressions of NADPH oxidase p22, p47 and p67 subunits, and ETA/BR (endothelin receptor type A and type B) in the diabetic cavernosum. In contrast, FDP-Sr was less effective in improving ED, but more effective in normalizing the abnormal NADPH oxidase and ETA/BR.
Conclusions
The activated NADPH oxidase and upregulated ETAR and ETBR due to diabetic lesions played a minor or moderate role in ED. By offering extra ATP, FPD-Sr suppressed these abnormalities, however, sildenafil did not. A combined therapy of sildenafil with FDP-Sr may be more effective in relieving ED in diabetic patients through normalizing pro-inflammatory cytokines and improving the nitric oxide/cGMP pathway in the cavernosum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Xu
- Research Division of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi-Qun Tang
- Research Division of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - De-Zai Dai
- Research Division of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu-Feng Zheng
- Research Division of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu-Si Cheng
- Research Division of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Yin Dai
- Research Division of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Luo L, Dai DZ, Cheng YS, Zhang Q, Yuan WJ, Dai Y. Sildenafil improves diabetic vascular activity through suppressing endothelin receptor A, iNOS and NADPH oxidase which is comparable with the endothelin receptor antagonist CPU0213 in STZ-injected rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 63:943-51. [PMID: 21635260 DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2011.01268.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Abnormal vascular activity in diabetes is related not only to impaired nitric oxide bioavailability but also to inflammatory cytokines, endothelin A receptor (ET(A) ) activation and NADPH oxidase in the vasculature. The potential role of sildenafil in improving vascular function was investigated. Its action was likely blocking upregulated ET(A) and NADPH oxidase, and was compared with the endothelin receptor antagonist CPU0213. METHODS Diabetes was induced by single-dose administration of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg, i.p.) to rats and the vascular activity of the thoracic aorta was measured. KEY FINDINGS An increase in contractile tone to phenylephrine and a decrease in relaxant tone to acetylcholine was found in the thoracic aorta. Oxidative stress was evident by increased malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione peroxidase levels in serum and upregulation of ET(A), MMP-9 (matrix metalloproteinase-9), inducible nitric oxide synthase and NADPH oxidase p67(phox) were found in the vascular wall. The vascular abnormalities and abnormal biomarkers were attenuated significantly by either sildenafil or CPU0213 along with an improvement of nitric oxide bioavailability and vascular activity. CONCLUSIONS Improvement of diabetic vascular abnormal activity by sildenafil results from its suppression of activation of ET(A) and NADPH oxidase in the vasculature, and these actions are comparable with those of the endothelin receptor antagonist CPU0213.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Luo
- Faculty of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sildenafil and FDP-Sr attenuate diabetic cardiomyopathy by suppressing abnormal expression of myocardial CASQ2, FKBP12.6, and SERCA2a in rats. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2011; 32:441-8. [PMID: 21441944 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2010.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To study whether calcium-modulating proteins CASQ2, FKBP12.6 and SERCA2a participate in diabetic cardiomyopathy, and whether the beneficial actions of testosterone, sildenafil or fructose diphosphate Sr (FDP-Sr) in the treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy result from suppressing these molecules. METHODS Fifty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into five groups. Except for the normal group (non-diabetic), the other four groups were injected with streptozotocin (STZ, 60 mg/kg, ip) to induce diabetes. Four weeks after STZ injection, the four groups received sildenafil (12 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1), ig, for 4 week), FDP-Sr (200 mg/kg, ig, for 4 week), testosterone propionate (4 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1), sc, for 4 week), or no treatment, respectively. RESULTS In the diabetic rats, blood glucose, free fatty acids, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were significantly increased, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly reduced, as compared to the non-diabetic rats. Cardiac dysfunction and myocardial hypertrophy of the diabetic rats were associated with increased mRNA and protein expression of iNOS, OBRb, and PKCɛ, while expression of CASQ2, SERCA2a, and FKBP12.6 was significantly down-regulated. Sildenafil and FDP-Sr, but not testosterone, significantly attenuated the biomarker abnormalities, without changing the metabolic abnormalities. CONCLUSION CASQ2, FKBP12.6 and SERCA2a were down-regulated in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Sildenafil and FDP-Sr, but not testosterone, attenuated the cardiac dysfunction in diabetic cardiomyopathy, without changing the metabolic abnormalities, which may results from inhibiting oxidative and inflammatory cytokines and improving calcium homeostasis.
Collapse
|
19
|
Hu C, Cong XD, Dai DZ, Zhang Y, Zhang GL, Dai Y. Argirein alleviates diabetic nephropathy through attenuating NADPH oxidase, Cx43, and PERK in renal tissue. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2011; 383:309-19. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-010-0593-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2010] [Accepted: 12/17/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
20
|
Bajić A, Zakrzewska J, Godjevac D, Andjus P, Jones DR, Spasić M, Spasojević I. Relevance of the ability of fructose 1,6-bis(phosphate) to sequester ferrous but not ferric ions. Carbohydr Res 2010; 346:416-20. [PMID: 21232735 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2010.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2010] [Revised: 12/06/2010] [Accepted: 12/08/2010] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The cytoprotective activity of F16BP has been documented in severe conditions such as convulsions, reperfusion injury, septic shock, diabetic complications, hypothermia-induced injury, UV-provoked skin damage and in other processes including apoptosis and excitotoxicity. F16BP shows very efficient cytoprotective activity in astroglial cells exposed to H(2)O(2)-provoked oxidative stress and during neuronal injury caused by hypoxic conditions. As most of the aforementioned processes involve iron activity-related conditions, we investigated the ferric and ferrous iron binding properties of F16BP under physiological conditions using (31)P NMR and EPR spectroscopy. Our results indicate that cytoprotective F16BP activity is predominantly based on ferrous iron sequestration. (31)P NMR spectroscopy of F16BP employing paramagnetic properties of iron clearly showed that F16BP forms stabile complexes with Fe(2+) which was verified by EPR of another divalent cation-Mn(2+). On the other hand, F16BP does not sequester ferric iron nor does it increase its redox activity as shown by (31)P NMR and EPR spin-trapping. Therefore, F16BP may be beneficial in neurodegenerative and other conditions that are characterised by ferric iron stores and deposits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar Bajić
- Center for Laser Microscopy, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Dai DZ, Dai Y. Role of endothelin receptor A and NADPH oxidase in vascular abnormalities. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2010; 6:787-94. [PMID: 20859547 PMCID: PMC2941789 DOI: 10.2147/vhrm.s6556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2010] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular dilatation is critically impaired in many diseases and is encountered by an upregulated endothelin receptor A (ETA) in the vasculature in association with a decline in nitric oxide bioavailability. Diabetic vasculopathy is characterized as a compromised vascular dilatation, implicated in many diabetic complications. It appears to be activated ETA and NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) oxidase in the vasculature. Glucose-lowering agents do not always blunt these changes, as these changes may be progressive leading to the end stage of renal disease. The vascular insults by hypertension, hyperglycemia and aging may share the changes with diabetic vascular beds. Endothelin receptor antagonist CPU0213 and ingredients from plant origins such as CPU86017, p-benzyl-tetra-hydro-berberine are effective in attenuating vascular abnormality by normalizing changes of biomarkers in the vascular wall. The early sign of subclinical atherosclerosis presented as an intima media thickness in the carotid may indicate endothelium dysfunction. The reduced ABI (ankle brachial index) has been taken to predict patients at risk for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, and an increased risk of mortality from all causes and cardiovascular disease. An application of agents which suppress the activated ET-NADPH oxidase in the vascular wall is beneficial to attenuate vascular abnormalities. It is worth testing the activity of these agents further for the potential in relieving abnormal vascular activity, reducing the risk of morbidity and mortality in patients at risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- De-Zai Dai
- Research Division of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
| | | |
Collapse
|