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Vasileva F, Carreras-Badosa G, Bassols J, Serrano-Ferrer J, Font-Lladó R, López-Ros V, Osiniri I, Martínez-Calcerrada JM, San Millán M, López-Bermejo A, Prats-Puig A. Insulin resistance, C-reactive protein, diastolic to systolic blood pressure ratio and epicardial fat are related to sedentary time, and inversely related to physical activity in school-aged children. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1339860. [PMID: 38577274 PMCID: PMC10993728 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1339860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity (PA) is beneficial for the overall health. Objectives are: (1) To compare metabolic (MRM) and cardiovascular-risk-markers (CRM) in children according to their PA-level; (2) to explore the associations of MRM and CRM with PA and sedentary time (ST); and (3) to identify the associations between MRM and CRM in less (LA) and more active (MA) children. Methods A total of 238 apparently healthy school-aged children were enrolled (132 boys/106 girls; 9.1 ± 1.8 years) and body mass index standard deviation score (BMI SDS) and blood pressure were assessed. Fasting venous blood sampling was performed to assess insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and high-sensitivity-C-reactive protein (hsCRP). Epicardial fat, interventricular septal and left ventricular posterior wall thicknesses were assessed by high-resolution ultrasonography. PA and ST were assessed by enKid-questionnaire. Children were classified based on enKid-score as being LA and MA (below and above 50th percentile for PA). Results MA-children had lower values for: BMI SDS, diastolic-to-systolic blood pressure ratio, HOMA-IR and hsCRP (7.02 to 61.5% lower, p = 0.040 to p < 0.0001) compared to LA-children. MRM and CRM were positively associated with ST (p = 0.003 to p < 0.001), and negatively associated with PA (p = 0.044 to p < 0.001). Finally, MRM were positively associated with CRM (p = 0.008 to p < 0.0001). Interestingly, the latter associations were observed in LA-children but were not present in MA-children. Conclusion More PA is associated with better cardio-metabolic profile in school-aged children. PA seems to modulate the associations between MRM and CRM, thus reinforcing the idea that fostering PA in children may lower the risk for development of a cardio-metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fidanka Vasileva
- Pediatric Endocrinology Research Group, Girona Institute for Biomedical Research, Girona, Spain
- University School of Health and Sport, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Gemma Carreras-Badosa
- Pediatric Endocrinology Research Group, Girona Institute for Biomedical Research, Girona, Spain
| | - Judit Bassols
- Maternal-Fetal Metabolic Research Group, Girona Institute for Biomedical Research, Girona, Spain
| | | | - Raquel Font-Lladó
- University School of Health and Sport, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
- Research Group of Culture and Education, Institute of Educational Research, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Victor López-Ros
- Chair of Sport and Physical Education – Centre of Olympic Studies, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | | | | | - Marta San Millán
- University School of Health and Sport, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
- Research Group of Clinical Anatomy, Embryology and Neuroscience, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Abel López-Bermejo
- Pediatric Endocrinology Research Group, Girona Institute for Biomedical Research, Girona, Spain
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Dr. Josep Trueta Hospital, Girona, Spain
| | - Anna Prats-Puig
- University School of Health and Sport, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
- Research Group of Clinical Anatomy, Embryology and Neuroscience, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
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Lu Y, Wiltshire HD, Baker JS, Wang Q, Ying S, Li J, Lu Y. Objectively determined physical activity and adiposity measures in adult women: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Physiol 2022; 13:935892. [PMID: 36082217 PMCID: PMC9445154 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.935892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of adiposity is increasing among adult women. Although emerging evidence suggest that all patterns of heightened physical activity (PA) are important to benefit adiposity, the relationship between objectively assessed intensities of PA and adiposity in women has not yet been assessed. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aims to qualitatively synthesize and quantitatively assess the evidence for any relationship between objectively measured PA and a wide range of adiposity indicators to guide PA prescription in adult women. Four databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane library) were searched for eligible studies. 35 studies were included (25 observational and 10 interventional studies), with a total of 9,176 women from 20 countries included. The overall pooled correlation for random effects model (n = 1 intervention and n = 15 cross-sectional studies) revealed that the total volume of physical activity (TPA) was moderately associated with percentage body fat (%BF) (r = −0.59; 95% CI: −1.11, −0.24; p = 0.003). There was a weak but significant association between MVPA with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and visceral adiposity. Daily steps were significantly associated with BMI, %BF, WC, and fat mass, with the strongest association with %BF (r = −0.41; 95% CI: −0.66, −0.19; p < 0.001). Walking programs resulting in increasing daily steps only had a significant effect on WC (SMD = −0.35; 95% CI: −0.65, −0.05; p = 0.02). Overall, objectively determined PA in terms of steps, TPA and MVPA were favorably associated with adiposity outcomes. The improvement in adiposity can be achieved by simply accumulating more PA than previously and adiposity is more likely to be benefited by PA performed at higher intensity. Nonetheless, these results should be interpreted with caution as there were a small number of studies included in the meta-analysis and the majority of studies included utilized cross-sectional designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Lu
- Faculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University,Ningbo, China
- Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Huw D. Wiltshire
- Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Julien S. Baker
- Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qiaojun Wang
- Faculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University,Ningbo, China
- *Correspondence: Qiaojun Wang,
| | - Shanshan Ying
- Faculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University,Ningbo, China
| | - Jianshe Li
- Faculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University,Ningbo, China
| | - Yichen Lu
- Department of Sport and Physical Education, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo, China
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Increasing the Duration of Light Physical Activity Ameliorates Insulin Resistance Syndrome in Metabolically Healthy Obese Adults. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051189. [PMID: 32403230 PMCID: PMC7290973 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a well-known risk factor for insulin resistance syndrome (IRS). Nevertheless, limited data are available regarding the effects of physical activity (PA) intensity on the ability to modulate IRS. The study aim was to investigate the beneficial effects of the longer duration of light PA vs. a single bout of the acute moderate or vigorous PA for improvement in IRS indicators. Sixty metabolically healthy obese (MHO) participants, 30 males and 30 females, with body mass index (BMI) of ≥30 were enrolled in this study. PA levels were measured using an accelerometer, and the expression of monocytic surface markers was analyzed using flow cytometry. Plasma cytokines’ secretion was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Univariate regression analysis evaluated the actigraphy-assessed PA measures, inflammatory cytokines, and insulin resistance. The longer duration of PA was found to be associated with the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), a lower lipid profile, and the expression of inflammatory cytokines by monocytes. Even though, higher intensities of PA were found to be associated with lower body fat percentage, only the light intensity PA was found to be beneficial as it associated with the improved insulin sensitivity and lower expression of inflammatory markers. In conclusion, maintaining the longer duration of low-intensity PA throughout the day could be more beneficial for reducing inflammation and improving insulin resistance. This study supports a more feasible approach model to gain beneficial lifestyle changes for the prevention of IRS in metabolically healthy adults with obesity.
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Jakicic JM, Kraus WE, Powell KE, Campbell WW, Janz KF, Troiano RP, Sprow K, Torres A, Piercy KL. Association between Bout Duration of Physical Activity and Health: Systematic Review. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019; 51:1213-1219. [PMID: 31095078 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000001933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to conduct a systematic literature review to determine whether physical activity episodes of <10 min in duration have health-related benefits or, alternatively, if the benefits are only realized when the duration of physical activity episodes is ≥10 min. METHODS The primary literature search was conducted for the 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee Report and encompassed literature through June 2017, with an additional literature search conducted to include literature published through March 2018 for inclusion in this systematic review. RESULTS The literature review identified 29 articles that were pertinent to the research question that used either cross-sectional, prospective cohort, or randomized designs. One prospective cohort study (N = 4840) reported similar associations between moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and all-cause mortality when examined as total MVPA, MVPA in bouts ≥5 min in duration, or MVPA in bouts ≥10 min in duration. Additional evidence was identified from cross-sectional and prospective studies to support that bouts of physical activity <10 min in duration are associated with a variety of health outcomes. Randomized studies only examined bouts of physical activity ≥10 min in duration. CONCLUSIONS The current evidence, from cross-sectional and prospective cohort studies, supports that physical activity of any bout duration is associated with improved health outcomes, which includes all-cause mortality. This may suggest the need for a contemporary paradigm shift in public health recommendations for physical activity, which supports total MVPA as an important lifestyle behavior regardless of the bout duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Jakicic
- Department of Health and Physical Activity, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - William E Kraus
- Department and School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | | | - Wayne W Campbell
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - Kathleen F Janz
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Richard P Troiano
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD
| | - Kyle Sprow
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD
| | | | - Katrina L Piercy
- Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD
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Chiang TL, Chen C, Hsu CH, Lin YC, Wu HJ. Is the goal of 12,000 steps per day sufficient for improving body composition and metabolic syndrome? The necessity of combining exercise intensity: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1215. [PMID: 31481039 PMCID: PMC6724241 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7554-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To investigate the differences in body composition and metabolic syndrome (MS) under a daily 12,000-step strategy with or without moderate-intensity walking exercise in college students with obesity. Methods Thirty-two adults with obesity (mean (s.d.) age: 19.72 (0.80) years; height: 165.38 (3.99) cm; wt: 83.31 (4.66) kg; body mass index: 30.38 (0.83) kg m− 2) were recruited and randomly assigned to the walking step goal group (WSG; achieving 12,000 steps per day), walking exercise group (WEG; achieving 12,000 steps per day, including 3 days per week on which walking at a step rate of over 103 steps min− 1 was required), or control group (CG; maintaining a free-living life style). Each participant’s accumulated daily steps from daily activities and walking exercises were monitored using a smartwatch for 8 weeks. The variables of body composition and MS were measured before and after intervention. Results Average daily steps over 8 weeks did not significantly differ between the WSG and WEG (11,677.67 (480.24) vs. 12,131.90 (527.14) steps per day, respectively, P > .05). Although the CG and WSG showed no improvement in body composition, the WEG exhibited significant improvements in terms of hip circumference and visceral fat area (VFA) (∆ − 2.28 (3.27) cm and ∆ − 13.11 (9.83) cm2, respectively, P < .05); high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), fasting glucose (FG), and triglycerides (TG) (∆ 16.36 (8.39), ∆ − 2.53 (3.73), and ∆ − 10.52 (36.26) mg dL− 1, respectively, P < .05). The WSG exhibited improvements only in HDL-C (∆ 14.24 (16.13) mg dL− 1, P < .05). Conclusion The combination of walking exercise program and daily step goal is a more time efficient strategy in improving body composition and MS than simply establishing a daily step goal. Furthermore, this strategy may also include a potential reduction effect on the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases. Trial registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, number ACTRN12618001237279 (Retrospectively registered).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Lin Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Sport Coaching Science, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chu Chen
- Department of Physical Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsiang Hsu
- Physical Education Office, National Taipei University of Business, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chin Lin
- Graduate Institute of Sport Coaching Science, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huey-June Wu
- Graduate Institute of Sport Coaching Science, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Department of Combat Sports and Chinese Martial Art, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Ertekin Y. Effect of using tri-axial (3D) sensor-assisted pedometer measuring moderate- to high-intensity physical activity on body composition: randomised controlled trial. KONURALP TIP DERGISI 2018. [DOI: 10.18521/ktd.394699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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de Winter M, Rioux BV, Boudreau JG, Bouchard DR, Sénéchal M. Physical Activity and Sedentary Patterns among Metabolically Healthy Individuals Living with Obesity. J Diabetes Res 2018; 2018:7496768. [PMID: 29707585 PMCID: PMC5863294 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7496768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some individuals living with obesity are free from typical cardiometabolic risk factors and are termed metabolically healthy obese (MHO). The patterns of physical activity and sedentary behaviors among MHO are currently unknown. METHODS This study includes 414 youth (12-18 years old), 802 adults (19-44 years old), and 1230 older adults (45-85 years old) living with obesity from the 2003-2004 or 2005-2006 NHANES cycles. Time spent in bouts of 1, 5, 10, 30, and 60 minutes for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time was measured objectively using accelerometers. Participants were categorized as MHO if they had no cardiometabolic risk factors above the identified thresholds (triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and glucose). RESULTS The proportion of MHO was 19%, 14%, and 12% in youth, adults, and older adults, respectively. MHO adults displayed a higher 1-minute bout of MVPA per day compared to non-MHO (p = 0.02), but no difference was observed for MVPA and sedentary behavior patterns for youth and older adults. When adjusted for confounders, all bouts of sedentary behavior patterns in youth were significantly associated with being classified as MHO. CONCLUSION This study suggests that greater sedentary time is associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in youth even if they are physically active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika de Winter
- Cardio-metabolic Exercise & Lifestyle Lab, 2 Peter Kelly Drive, P.O. Box 4400, Fredericton, NB, Canada
- University of New Brunswick, Faculty of Kinesiology, 2 Peter Kelly Drive, P.O. Box 4400, Fredericton, NB, Canada
| | - Brittany V. Rioux
- Cardio-metabolic Exercise & Lifestyle Lab, 2 Peter Kelly Drive, P.O. Box 4400, Fredericton, NB, Canada
- University of New Brunswick, Faculty of Kinesiology, 2 Peter Kelly Drive, P.O. Box 4400, Fredericton, NB, Canada
| | - Jonathan G. Boudreau
- New Brunswick Institute for Research, Data & Training, University of New Brunswick, 38 Dineen Drive, 304F Keirstead Hall, Fredericton, NB, Canada
| | - Danielle R. Bouchard
- Cardio-metabolic Exercise & Lifestyle Lab, 2 Peter Kelly Drive, P.O. Box 4400, Fredericton, NB, Canada
- University of New Brunswick, Faculty of Kinesiology, 2 Peter Kelly Drive, P.O. Box 4400, Fredericton, NB, Canada
| | - Martin Sénéchal
- Cardio-metabolic Exercise & Lifestyle Lab, 2 Peter Kelly Drive, P.O. Box 4400, Fredericton, NB, Canada
- University of New Brunswick, Faculty of Kinesiology, 2 Peter Kelly Drive, P.O. Box 4400, Fredericton, NB, Canada
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Associations between physical activity and BMI, body fatness, and visceral adiposity in overweight or obese Latino and non-Latino adults. Int J Obes (Lond) 2017; 41:873-877. [PMID: 28220040 PMCID: PMC5461184 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2017.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background/Objectives Although several studies have reported associations between moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), body fatness, and visceral adipose tissue (VAT), the extent to which associations differ among Latinos and non-Latinos remains unclear. The present study evaluated the associations between body composition and MVPA in Latino and non-Latino adults. Subjects/Methods An exploratory, cross-sectional analysis was conducted using baseline data collected from 298 overweight adults enrolled in a 12-month randomized controlled trial that tested the efficacy of text messaging to improve weight loss. MVPA, body fatness and VAT were assessed by waist-worn accelerometry, DXA, and DXA-derived software (GE CoreScan GE, Madison, WI) respectively. Participants with less than 5 days of accelerometry data or missing DXA data were excluded; 236 participants had complete data. Multivariable linear regression assessed associations between body composition and MVPA per day, defined as time in MVPA, bouts of MVPA (time per bout ≥10 min), non-bouts of MVPA (time per bout <10 min), and meeting the 150-minute MVPA guideline. The modifying influence of ethnicity was modeled with a multiplicative interaction term. Results The interaction between ethnicity and MVPA in predicting percent body fat was significant (p = 0.01, 95% CI [0.58, 4.43]) such that a given increase in MVPA was associated with a greater decline in total body fat in non-Latinos compared to Latinos (adjusted for age, sex and accelerometer wear time). There was no interaction between ethnicity and MVPA in predicting VAT (g) (p = 0.78, 95% CI [−205.74, 273.17]) and BMI (p = 0.18, 95% CI [−0.49, 2.26]). Conclusions An increase in MVPA was associated with a larger decrease in body fat, but neither BMI nor VAT, in non-Latinos compared to Latinos. This suggests that changes in VAT and BMI in response to MVPA may be less influenced by ethnicity than is total body fatness.
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9
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Positive association between physical activity and PER3 expression in older adults. Sci Rep 2017; 7:39771. [PMID: 28045078 PMCID: PMC5206642 DOI: 10.1038/srep39771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock regulates many physiological functions including physical activity and feeding patterns. In addition, scheduled exercise and feeding themselves can affect the circadian clock. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between physical/feeding activity and expression of clock genes in hair follicle cells in older adults. Twenty adult men (age, 68 ± 7 years, mean ± SE) were examined in this cross-sectional study. Prior to hair follicle cell collection, the participants were asked to wear a uniaxial accelerometer for one week. The timings of breakfast, lunch, and dinner were also recorded. Hair follicle cells were then collected over a 24 h period at 4 h intervals. The amplitude of PER3 expression was positively correlated with moderate and vigorous physical activity (r = 0.582, p = 0.007) and peak oxygen uptake (r = 0.481, p = 0.032), but these correlations were not observed for NR1D1 or NR1D2. No association was noted between meal times and the amplitude or the acrophase for any of these three clock genes. These findings suggest that rhythmic expression of the circadian clock gene PER3 is associated with the amount of daily physical activity and physical fitness in older adults.
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Fischer K, Rüttgers D, Müller HP, Jacobs G, Kassubek J, Lieb W, Nöthlings U. Association of Habitual Patterns and Types of Physical Activity and Inactivity with MRI-Determined Total Volumes of Visceral and Subcutaneous Abdominal Adipose Tissue in a General White Population. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143925. [PMID: 26618489 PMCID: PMC4664408 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Population-based evidence for the role of habitual physical activity (PA) in the accumulation of visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAAT) abdominal adipose tissue is limited. We investigated if usual patterns and types of self-reported PA and inactivity were associated with VAT and SAAT in a general white population. Total volumes of VAT and SAAT were quantified by magnetic resonance imaging in 583 men and women (61 ± 11.9 y; BMI 27.2 ± 4.4 kg/m2). Past-year PA and inactivity were self-reported by questionnaire. Exploratory activity patterns (APAT) were derived by principal components analysis. Cross-sectional associations between individual activities, total PA in terms of metabolic equivalents (PA MET), or overall APAT and either VAT or SAAT were analyzed by multivariable-adjusted robust or generalized linear regression models. Whereas vigorous-intensity PA (VPA) was negatively associated with both VAT and SAAT, associations between total PA MET, moderate-intensity PA (MPA), or inactivity and VAT and/or SAAT depended on sex. There was also evidence of a threshold effect in some of these relationships. Total PA MET was more strongly associated with VAT in men (B = -3.3 ± 1.4; P = 0.02) than women (B = -2.1 ± 1.1; P = 0.07), but was more strongly associated with SAAT in women (B = -5.7 ± 2.5; P = 0.05) than men (B = -1.7 ± 1.6; P = 0.3). Men (-1.52 dm3 or -1.89 dm3) and women (-1.15 dm3 or -2.61 dm3) in the highest (>6.8 h/wk VPA) or second (4.0-6.8 h/wk VPA) tertile of an APAT rich in VPA, had lower VAT and SAAT, respectively, than those in the lowest (<4.0 h/wk VPA) tertile (P ≤ 0.016; P trend ≤ 0.0005). They also had lower VAT and SAAT than those with APAT rich in MPA and/or inactivity only. In conclusion, our results suggest that in white populations, habitual APAT rich in MPA might be insufficient to impact on accumulation of VAT or SAAT. APAT including ≥ 4.0-6.8 h/wk VPA, by contrast, are more strongly associated with lower VAT and SAAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Fischer
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Geriatrics, University Hospital Zurich & Centre on Aging and Mobility, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| | - Daniela Rüttgers
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Gunnar Jacobs
- PopGen Biobank, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan Kassubek
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- PopGen Biobank, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Murabito JM, Pedley A, Massaro JM, Vasan RS, Esliger D, Blease SJ, Hoffman U, Fox CS. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity with accelerometry is associated with visceral adipose tissue in adults. J Am Heart Assoc 2015; 4:e001379. [PMID: 25736442 PMCID: PMC4392428 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.114.001379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background We examined the relation between objectively measured physical activity with accelerometry and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in a community‐based sample. Methods and Results We evaluated 1249 participants of the Framingham Third Generation and Omni II cohorts (mean age 51.7 years, 47% women) who underwent assessment of moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (MVPA) with accelerometry over 5 to 7 days, and multi‐detector computed tomography for measurement of SAT and VAT volume; fat attenuation was estimated by SAT and VAT hounsfield units (HU). In women, higher levels of MVPA were associated with decreased SAT (P<0.0001) and VAT volume (P<0.0001). The average decrement in VAT per 30 minute/day increase in MVPA was −453 cm3 (95% CI −574, −331). The association was attenuated but persisted upon adjustment for BMI (−122 cm3, P=0.002). Higher levels of MVPA were associated with higher SAT HU (all P≤0.01), a marker of fat quality, even after adjustment for SAT volume. Similar findings were observed in men but the magnitude of the association was less. Sedentary time was not associated with SAT or VAT volume or quality in men or women. Conclusions MVPA was associated with less VAT and SAT and better fat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne M Murabito
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Internal Medicine, Section of Preventive Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (J.M.M., R.S.V.) National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA (J.M.M., A.P., J.M.M., R.S.V., S.J.B., C.S.F.)
| | - Alison Pedley
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA (J.M.M., A.P., J.M.M., R.S.V., S.J.B., C.S.F.)
| | - Joseph M Massaro
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA (J.M.M., A.P., J.M.M., R.S.V., S.J.B., C.S.F.) Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (J.M.M.)
| | - Ramachandran S Vasan
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Internal Medicine, Section of Preventive Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (J.M.M., R.S.V.) National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA (J.M.M., A.P., J.M.M., R.S.V., S.J.B., C.S.F.)
| | - Dale Esliger
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, UK (D.E.)
| | - Susan J Blease
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA (J.M.M., A.P., J.M.M., R.S.V., S.J.B., C.S.F.)
| | - Udo Hoffman
- Department of Cardiac MR PET CT & Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (U.H.)
| | - Caroline S Fox
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA (J.M.M., A.P., J.M.M., R.S.V., S.J.B., C.S.F.) Division of Intra-mural Research and the Center for Population Studies, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Framingham, MA (C.S.F.) Division of Endocrinology & Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (C.S.F.)
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Fernández-Aranda F, Sauchelli S, Pastor A, Gonzalez ML, de la Torre R, Granero R, Jiménez-Murcia S, Baños R, Botella C, Fernández-Real JM, Fernández-García JC, Frühbeck G, Gómez-Ambrosi J, Rodríguez R, Tinahones FJ, Arcelus J, Fagundo AB, Agüera Z, Miró J, Casanueva FF. Moderate-vigorous physical activity across body mass index in females: moderating effect of endocannabinoids and temperament. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104534. [PMID: 25101961 PMCID: PMC4125187 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endocannabinoids and temperament traits have been linked to both physical activity and body mass index (BMI) however no study has explored how these factors interact in females. The aims of this cross-sectional study were to 1) examine differences among distinct BMI groups on daytime physical activity and time spent in moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), temperament traits and plasma endocannabinoid concentrations; and 2) explore the association and interaction between MVPA, temperament, endocannabinoids and BMI. METHODS Physical activity was measured with the wrist-worn accelerometer Actiwatch AW7, in a sample of 189 female participants (43 morbid obese, 30 obese, and 116 healthy-weight controls). The Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised questionnaire was used to assess personality traits. BMI was calculated by bioelectrical impedance analysis via the TANITA digital scale. Blood analyses were conducted to measure levels of endocannabinoids and endocannabinoid-related compounds. Path-analysis was performed to examine the association between predictive variables and MVPA. RESULTS Obese groups showed lower MVPA and dysfunctional temperament traits compared to healthy-weight controls. Plasma concentrations of 2-arachidonoylglyceryl (2-AG) were greater in obese groups. Path-analysis identified a direct effect between greater MVPA and low BMI (b = -0.13, p = .039) and high MVPA levels were associated with elevated anandamide (AEA) levels (b = 0.16, p = .049) and N-oleylethanolamide (OEA) levels (b = 0.22, p = .004), as well as high Novelty seeking (b = 0.18, p<.001) and low Harm avoidance (b = -0.16, p<.001). CONCLUSIONS Obese individuals showed a distinct temperament profile and circulating endocannabinoids compared to controls. Temperament and endocannabinoids may act as moderators of the low MVPA in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Fernández-Aranda
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail: (FF-A); (FFC)
| | - Sarah Sauchelli
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Pastor
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Human Pharmacology and Clinical Neurosciences Research Group, Neuroscience Research Program, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Rafael de la Torre
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Human Pharmacology and Clinical Neurosciences Research Group, Neuroscience Research Program, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roser Granero
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Jiménez-Murcia
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Baños
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychological, Personality, Evaluation and Treatment of the University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Cristina Botella
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Basic Psychology, Clinic and Psychobiology of the University Jaume I, Castelló, Spain
| | - Jose M. Fernández-Real
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdlBGi) Hospital Dr Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
| | - Jose C. Fernández-García
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de Victoria, Málaga, Spain
| | - Gema Frühbeck
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Javier Gómez-Ambrosi
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Roser Rodríguez
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdlBGi) Hospital Dr Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Tinahones
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de Victoria, Málaga, Spain
| | - Jon Arcelus
- Eating Disorders Service, Glenfield University Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Ana B. Fagundo
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Zaida Agüera
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Miró
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Felipe F. Casanueva
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology Division, Santiago de Compostela University, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- * E-mail: (FF-A); (FFC)
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Hughes-Austin JM, Larsen BA, Allison MA. Visceral Adipose Tissue and Cardiovascular Disease Risk. CURRENT CARDIOVASCULAR RISK REPORTS 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s12170-013-0298-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Ayabe M, Kumahara H, Morimura K, Tanaka H. Epoch length and the physical activity bout analysis: an accelerometry research issue. BMC Res Notes 2013; 6:20. [PMID: 23331772 PMCID: PMC3558345 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-6-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2012] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of the present investigation was to compare the bouts of daily physical activity (PA) determined by three different accelerometer epoch lengths under free-living conditions. Methods One hundred thirty-four adults (50 ± 7 years) wore an accelerometer (Lifecorder) for 7 consecutive days under free-living conditions in order to determine the time spent in physical activity of light intensity (LPA), moderate intensity (MPA), vigorous intensity (VPA), moderate to vigorous intensity (MVPA), and the total physical activity (TPA; sum of LPA, MPA and VPA). Additionally, all PA was divided according to the bout durations (sporadic, >3 min, >5 min, and > 10 min). These indices of PA were analyzed using three different epoch lengths (4 sec, 20 sec and 60 sec) derived from the accelerometer. Results The LPA significantly increased in association with increases in the epoch length (48.7 ± 15.9 to 178.7 ± 62.6 min/day, p < 0.05). The amount of sporadic VPA determined by the shortest epoch length (2.9 ± 5.2 min/day) was significantly longer than the two remaining epoch lengths (1.1 ± 2.4 to 0.9 ± 2.5 min/day, p < 0.05). The times of the MVPA bouts lasting longer than 3 minutes determined using the 4-second epoch length (2.6 ± 5.4 to 7.7 ± 10.0 min/day) were significantly shorter than those determined using the other two settings (6.5 ± 10.5 to 13.8 ± 13.8 min/day, p < 0.05). The frequencies of the MVPA bouts lasting longer than 10 minutes determined using the 4-second epoch length (0.2 ± 0.3 bouts/day) were significantly lower than those determined using the other two settings (0.3 ± 0.4 bouts/day, p < 0.05). Conclusion The epoch length setting of the accelerometer affects the estimation of the PA bouts under free-living conditions in middle-aged to older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Ayabe
- Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
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