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Aldè M, Cantarella G, Zanetti D, Pignataro L, La Mantia I, Maiolino L, Ferlito S, Di Mauro P, Cocuzza S, Lechien JR, Iannella G, Simon F, Maniaci A. Autosomal Dominant Non-Syndromic Hearing Loss (DFNA): A Comprehensive Narrative Review. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1616. [PMID: 37371710 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant non-syndromic hearing loss (HL) typically occurs when only one dominant allele within the disease gene is sufficient to express the phenotype. Therefore, most patients diagnosed with autosomal dominant non-syndromic HL have a hearing-impaired parent, although de novo mutations should be considered in all cases of negative family history. To date, more than 50 genes and 80 loci have been identified for autosomal dominant non-syndromic HL. DFNA22 (MYO6 gene), DFNA8/12 (TECTA gene), DFNA20/26 (ACTG1 gene), DFNA6/14/38 (WFS1 gene), DFNA15 (POU4F3 gene), DFNA2A (KCNQ4 gene), and DFNA10 (EYA4 gene) are some of the most common forms of autosomal dominant non-syndromic HL. The characteristics of autosomal dominant non-syndromic HL are heterogenous. However, in most cases, HL tends to be bilateral, post-lingual in onset (childhood to early adulthood), high-frequency (sloping audiometric configuration), progressive, and variable in severity (mild to profound degree). DFNA1 (DIAPH1 gene) and DFNA6/14/38 (WFS1 gene) are the most common forms of autosomal dominant non-syndromic HL affecting low frequencies, while DFNA16 (unknown gene) is characterized by fluctuating HL. A long audiological follow-up is of paramount importance to identify hearing threshold deteriorations early and ensure prompt treatment with hearing aids or cochlear implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Aldè
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20090 Milan, Italy
- Department of Specialist Surgical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20090 Milan, Italy
- Otology Study Group of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 75000 Paris, France
| | - Giovanna Cantarella
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20090 Milan, Italy
- Department of Specialist Surgical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20090 Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Zanetti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20090 Milan, Italy
- Department of Specialist Surgical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20090 Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Pignataro
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20090 Milan, Italy
- Department of Specialist Surgical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20090 Milan, Italy
| | - Ignazio La Mantia
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Luigi Maiolino
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Ferlito
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Paola Di Mauro
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cocuzza
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Jérôme René Lechien
- Otology Study Group of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 75000 Paris, France
| | - Giannicola Iannella
- Otology Study Group of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 75000 Paris, France
| | - Francois Simon
- Otology Study Group of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 75000 Paris, France
| | - Antonino Maniaci
- Otology Study Group of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 75000 Paris, France
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
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Zhang Y, Dong X, Guo X, Li C, Fan Y, Liu P, Yuan D, Ma X, Wang J, Zheng J, Li H, Gao P. LncRNA-BC069792 suppresses tumor progression by targeting KCNQ4 in breast cancer. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:41. [PMID: 36859185 PMCID: PMC9976483 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01747-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor that threatens women's health. Attention has been paid on the study of long- non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in breast cancer. However, the specific mechanism remains not clear. METHODS In this study, we explored the role of lncRNA BC069792 in breast cancer. In vitro and in vivo functional experiments were carried out in cell culture and mouse models. High-throughput next-generation sequencing technology and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR technology were used to evaluate differentially expressed genes and mRNA expression, Western blot and immunohistochemical staining were used to detect protein expression. RNA immunoprecipitation assay and dual-luciferase activity assay were used to evaluate the competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNA), and rescue and mutation experiments were used for verification. RESULTS We found that lncRNA BC069792 was expressed at a low level in breast cancer tissues, and significantly decreased in breast cancer with high pathological grade, lymph node metastasis and high Ki-67 index groups. Moreover, BC069792 inhibited the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanically, BC069792 acts as a molecular sponge to adsorb hsa-miR-658 and hsa-miR-4739, to up-regulate the protein expression of Potassium Voltage-Gated Channel Q4 (KCNQ4), inhibits the activities of JAK2 and p-AKT, and plays a role in inhibiting breast cancer growth. CONCLUSIONS LncRNA BC069792 plays the role of tumor suppressor gene in breast cancer and is a new diagnostic index and therapeutic target in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Clinical Medical College of Weifang Medical University, Weifang people's Hospital, Weifang, 261100, China
| | - Xiaotong Dong
- Department of Pathology, The First Clinical Medical College of Weifang Medical University, Weifang people's Hospital, Weifang, 261100, China
| | - Xiangyu Guo
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, China.,Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Chunsen Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Clinical Medical College of Weifang Medical University, Weifang people's Hospital, Weifang, 261100, China
| | - Yanping Fan
- Department of Pathology, The First Clinical Medical College of Weifang Medical University, Weifang people's Hospital, Weifang, 261100, China.,College of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Pengju Liu
- Department of Economics, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266061, China
| | - Dawei Yuan
- Qingdao Geneis Institute of Big Data Mining and Precision Medicine, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Xialin Ma
- Department of Pathology, The First Clinical Medical College of Weifang Medical University, Weifang people's Hospital, Weifang, 261100, China
| | - Jingru Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Clinical Medical College of Weifang Medical University, Weifang people's Hospital, Weifang, 261100, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Hongli Li
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, China. .,Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
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Zheng H, Yan X, Li G, Lin H, Deng S, Zhuang W, Yao F, Lu Y, Xia X, Yuan H, Jin L, Yan Z. Proactive functional classification of all possible missense single-nucleotide variants in KCNQ4. Genome Res 2022; 32:1573-1584. [PMID: 35760561 PMCID: PMC9435748 DOI: 10.1101/gr.276562.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Clinical exome sequencing has yielded extensive disease-related missense single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) of uncertain significance, leading to diagnostic uncertainty. KCNQ4 is one of the most commonly responsible genes for autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss. According to the gnomAD cohort, approximately one in 100 people harbors missense variants in KCNQ4 (missense variants with minor allele frequency > 0.1% were excluded), but most are of unknown consequence. To prospectively characterize the function of all 4085 possible missense SNVs of human KCNQ4, we recorded the whole-cell currents using the patch-clamp technique and categorized 1068 missense SNVs as loss of function, as well as 728 loss-of-function SNVs located in the transmembrane domains. Further, to mimic the heterozygous condition in Deafness nonsyndromic autosomal dominant 2 (DFNA2) patients caused by KCNQ4 variants, we coexpressed loss-of-function variants with wild-type KCNQ4 and found 516 variants showed impaired or only partially rescued heterogeneous channel function. Overall, our functional classification is highly concordant with the auditory phenotypes in Kcnq4 mutant mice and the assessments of pathogenicity in clinical variant interpretations. Taken together, our results provide strong functional evidence to support the pathogenicity classification of newly discovered KCNQ4 missense variants in clinical genetic testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglan Zheng
- Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
| | - Xinhao Yan
- Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
| | - Guanluan Li
- Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
| | - Hengwei Lin
- Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
| | - Siqi Deng
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
| | - Wenhui Zhuang
- Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
| | - Fuqiang Yao
- Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yu Lu
- Institute of Rare Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xin Xia
- Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
| | - Huijun Yuan
- Institute of Rare Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Li Jin
- Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Zhiqiang Yan
- Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
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4
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Novel KCNQ4 variants in different functional domains confer genotype- and mechanism-based therapeutics in patients with nonsyndromic hearing loss. Exp Mol Med 2021; 53:1192-1204. [PMID: 34316018 PMCID: PMC8333092 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-021-00653-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss-of-function variant in the gene encoding the KCNQ4 potassium channel causes autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss (DFNA2), and no effective pharmacotherapeutics have been developed to reverse channel activity impairment. Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), an obligatory phospholipid for maintaining KCNQ channel activity, confers differential pharmacological sensitivity of channels to KCNQ openers. Through whole-exome sequencing of DFNA2 families, we identified three novel KCNQ4 variants related to diverse auditory phenotypes in the proximal C-terminus (p.Arg331Gln), the C-terminus of the S6 segment (p.Gly319Asp), and the pore region (p.Ala271_Asp272del). Potassium currents in HEK293T cells expressing each KCNQ4 variant were recorded by patch-clamp, and functional recovery by PIP2 expression or KCNQ openers was examined. In the homomeric expression setting, the three novel KCNQ4 mutant proteins lost conductance and were unresponsive to KCNQ openers or PIP2 expression. Loss of p.Arg331Gln conductance was slightly restored by a tandem concatemer channel (WT-p.R331Q), and increased PIP2 expression further increased the concatemer current to the level of the WT channel. Strikingly, an impaired homomeric p.Gly319Asp channel exhibited hyperactivity when a concatemer (WT-p.G319D), with a negative shift in the voltage dependence of activation. Correspondingly, a KCNQ inhibitor and chelation of PIP2 effectively downregulated the hyperactive WT-p.G319D concatemer channel. Conversely, the pore-region variant (p.Ala271_Asp272del) was nonrescuable under any condition. Collectively, these novel KCNQ4 variants may constitute therapeutic targets that can be manipulated by the PIP2 level and KCNQ-regulating drugs under the physiological context of heterozygous expression. Our research contributes to the establishment of a genotype/mechanism-based therapeutic portfolio for DFNA2.
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Ahmadmehrabi S, Brant J, Epstein DJ, Ruckenstein MJ, Rader DJ. Genetics of Postlingual Sensorineural Hearing Loss. Laryngoscope 2020; 131:401-409. [PMID: 32243624 DOI: 10.1002/lary.28646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Literature and clinical practice around adult-onset hearing loss (HL) has traditionally focused on environmental risk factors, including noise exposure, ototoxic drug exposure, and cardiovascular disease. The most common diagnosis in adult-onset HL is presbycusis. However, the age of onset of presbycusis varies, and patients often describe family history of HL as well as individual variation in progression and severity. In recent years, there has been accumulating evidence of gene-environment interactions underlying adult cases of HL. Susceptibility loci for age-related HL have been identified, and genes related to postlingual nonsyndromic HL continue to be discovered through individual reports and genome-wide association studies. This review will outline main concepts in genetics as related to HL, identify implicated genes, and discuss clinical implications. Laryngoscope, 131:401-409, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadi Ahmadmehrabi
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jason Brant
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Douglas J Epstein
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael J Ruckenstein
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniel J Rader
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Yao Q, Wang L, Mittal R, Yan D, Richmond MT, Denyer S, Requena T, Liu K, Varshney GK, Lu Z, Liu XZ. Transcriptomic Analyses of Inner Ear Sensory Epithelia in Zebrafish. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2019; 303:527-543. [PMID: 31883312 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Analysis of gene expression has the potential to assist in the understanding of multiple cellular processes including proliferation, cell-fate specification, senesence, and activity in both healthy and disease states. Zebrafish model has been increasingly used to understand the process of hearing and the development of the vertebrate auditory system. Within the zebrafish inner ear, there are three otolith organs, each containing a sensory macula of hair cells. The saccular macula is primarily involved in hearing, the utricular macula is primarily involved in balance and the function of the lagenar macula is not completely understood. The goal of this study is to understand the transcriptional differences in the sensory macula associated with different otolith organs with the intention of understanding the genetic mechanisms responsible for the distinct role each organ plays in sensory perception. The sensory maculae of the saccule, utricle, and lagena were dissected out of adult Et(krt4:GFP)sqet4 zebrafish expressing green fluorescent protein in hair cells for transcriptional analysis. The total RNAs of the maculae were isolated and analyzed by RNA GeneChip microarray. Several of the differentially expressed genes are known to be involved in deafness, otolith development and balance. Gene expression among these otolith organs was very well conserved with less than 10% of genes showing differential expression. Data from this study will help to elucidate which genes are involved in hearing and balance. Furthermore, the findings of this study will assist in the development of the zebrafish model for human hearing and balance disorders. Anat Rec, 303:527-543, 2020. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida.,Department of Biology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Lingyu Wang
- Department of Biology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Rahul Mittal
- Department of Otolaryngology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Denise Yan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | | | - Steven Denyer
- Department of Biology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Teresa Requena
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Kaili Liu
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Gaurav K Varshney
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Zhongmin Lu
- Department of Biology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Xue Zhong Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida.,Department of Otolaryngology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Carpena NT, Lee MY. Genetic Hearing Loss and Gene Therapy. Genomics Inform 2018; 16:e20. [PMID: 30602081 PMCID: PMC6440668 DOI: 10.5808/gi.2018.16.4.e20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic hearing loss crosses almost all the categories of hearing loss which includes the following: conductive, sensory, and neural; syndromic and nonsyndromic; congenital, progressive, and adult onset; high-frequency, low-frequency, or mixed frequency; mild or profound; and recessive, dominant, or sex-linked. Genes play a role in almost half of all cases of hearing loss but effective treatment options are very limited. Genetic hearing loss is considered to be extremely genetically heterogeneous. The advancements in genomics have been instrumental to the identification of more than 6,000 causative variants in more than 150 genes causing hearing loss. Identification of genes for hearing impairment provides an increased insight into the normal development and function of cells in the auditory system. These defective genes will ultimately be important therapeutic targets. However, the auditory system is extremely complex which requires tremendous advances in gene therapy including gene vectors, routes of administration, and therapeutic approaches. This review summarizes and discusses recent advances in elucidating the genomics of genetic hearing loss and technologies aimed at developing a gene therapy that may become a treatment option for in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathanial T Carpena
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - Min Young Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan 31116, Korea.,Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
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8
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Gao X, Yuan YY, Lin QF, Xu JC, Wang WQ, Qiao YH, Kang DY, Bai D, Xin F, Huang SS, Qiu SW, Guan LP, Su Y, Wang GJ, Han MY, Jiang Y, Liu HK, Dai P. Mutation of IFNLR1, an interferon lambda receptor 1, is associated with autosomal-dominant non-syndromic hearing loss. J Med Genet 2018; 55:298-306. [PMID: 29453195 PMCID: PMC5931241 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2017-104954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Hereditary sensorineural hearing loss is a genetically heterogeneous disorder. Objectives This study was designed to explore the genetic etiology of deafness in a large Chinese family with autosomal dominant, nonsyndromic, progressive sensorineural hearing loss (ADNSHL). Methods Whole exome sequencing and linkage analysis were performed to identify pathogenic mutation. Inner ear expression of Ifnlr1 was investigated by immunostaining in mice. ifnlr1 Morpholino knockdown Zebrafish were constructed to explore the deafness mechanism. Results We identified a cosegregating heterozygous missense mutation, c.296G>A (p.Arg99His) in the gene encoding interferon lambda receptor 1 (IFNLR1) - a protein that functions in the Jak/ STAT pathway- are associated with ADNSHL Morpholino knockdown of ifnlr1 leads to a significant decrease in hair cells and non-inflation of the swim bladder in late-stage zebrafish, which can be reversed by injection with normal Zebrafish ifnlr1 mRNA. Knockdown of ifnlr1 in zebrafish causes significant upregulation of cytokine receptor family member b4 (interleukin-10r2), jak1, tyrosine kinase 2, stat3, and stat5b in the Jak1/STAT3 pathway at the mRNA level. ConclusionIFNLR1 function is required in the auditory system and that IFNLR1 mutations are associated with ADNSHL. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study implicating an interferon lambda receptor in auditory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Otolaryngology, The General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Yi Yuan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong-Fen Lin
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Shenzhen, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jin-Cao Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Qian Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force, Beijing, China
| | - Yue-Hua Qiao
- Department of Audiology and Balance Science, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Dong-Yang Kang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Bai
- Department of Otolaryngology, Xi'an Medical College, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng Xin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Sha-Sha Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shi-Wei Qiu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Audiology and Balance Science, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Li-Ping Guan
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Shenzhen, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu Su
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guo-Jian Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Yu Han
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Otolaryngology, Fujian Medical University ShengLi Clinical College, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Han-Kui Liu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Shenzhen, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Pu Dai
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Runge CL, Indap A, Zhou Y, Kent JW, King E, Erbe CB, Cole R, Littrell J, Merath K, James R, Rüschendorf F, Kerschner JE, Marth G, Hübner N, Göring HHH, Friedland DR, Kwok WM, Olivier M. Association of TMTC2 With Human Nonsyndromic Sensorineural Hearing Loss. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2017; 142:866-72. [PMID: 27311106 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2016.1444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is commonly caused by conditions that affect cochlear structures or the auditory nerve, and the genes identified as causing SNHL to date only explain a fraction of the overall genetic risk for this debilitating disorder. It is likely that other genes and mutations also cause SNHL. OBJECTIVE To identify a candidate gene that causes bilateral, symmetric, progressive SNHL in a large multigeneration family of Northern European descent. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In this prospective genotype and phenotype study performed from January 1, 2006, through April 1, 2016, a 6-generation family of Northern European descent with 19 individuals having reported early-onset hearing loss suggestive of an autosomal dominant inheritance were studied at a tertiary academic medical center. In addition, 179 unrelated adult individuals with SNHL and 186 adult individuals reporting nondeafness were examined. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Sensorineural hearing loss. RESULTS Nine family members (5 women [55.6%]) provided clinical audiometric and medical records that documented hearing loss. The hearing loss is characterized as bilateral, symmetric, progressive SNHL that reached severe to profound loss in childhood. Audiometric configurations demonstrated a characteristic dip at 1000 to 2000 Hz. All affected family members wear hearing aids or have undergone cochlear implantation. Exome sequencing and linkage and association analyses identified a fully penetrant sequence variant (rs35725509) on chromosome 12q21 (logarithm of odds, 3.3) in the TMTC2 gene region that segregates with SNHL in this family. This gene explains the SNHL occurrence in this family. The variant is also associated with SNHL in a cohort of 363 unrelated individuals (179 patients with confirmed SNHL and 184 controls, P = 7 × 10-4). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE A previously uncharacterized gene, TMTC2, has been identified as a candidate for causing progressive SNHL in humans. This finding identifies a novel locus that causes autosomal dominant SNHL and therefore a more detailed understanding of the genetic basis of SNHL. Because TMTC2 has not been previously reported to regulate auditory function, the discovery reveals a potentially new, uncharacterized mechanism of hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina L Runge
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Amit Indap
- Department of Biology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts
| | - Yifan Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Jack W Kent
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio
| | - Ericka King
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Christy B Erbe
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Regina Cole
- Biotechnology and Bioengineering Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Jack Littrell
- Biotechnology and Bioengineering Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Kate Merath
- Biotechnology and Bioengineering Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Roland James
- Biotechnology and Bioengineering Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | | | - Joseph E Kerschner
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Gabor Marth
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City
| | - Norbert Hübner
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Harald H H Göring
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio
| | - David R Friedland
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Wai-Meng Kwok
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee8Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Michael Olivier
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio5Biotechnology and Bioengineering Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
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Vona B, Nanda I, Shehata-Dieler W, Haaf T. Genetics of Tinnitus: Still in its Infancy. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:236. [PMID: 28533738 PMCID: PMC5421307 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tinnitus is the perception of a phantom sound that affects between 10 and 15% of the general population. Despite this considerable prevalence, treatments for tinnitus are presently lacking. Tinnitus exhibits a diverse array of recognized risk factors and extreme clinical heterogeneity. Furthermore, it can involve an unknown number of auditory and non-auditory networks and molecular pathways. This complex combination has hampered advancements in the field. The identification of specific genetic factors has been at the forefront of several research investigations in the past decade. Nine studies have examined genes in a case-control association approach. Recently, a genome-wide association study has highlighted several potentially significant pathways that are implicated in tinnitus. Two twin studies have calculated a moderate heritability for tinnitus and disclosed a greater concordance rate in monozygotic twins compared to dizygotic twins. Despite the more recent data alluding to genetic factors in tinnitus, a strong association with any specific genetic locus is lacking and a genetic study with sufficient statistical power has yet to be designed. Future research endeavors must overcome the many inherent limitations in previous study designs. This review summarizes the previously embarked upon tinnitus genetic investigations and summarizes the hurdles that have been encountered. The identification of candidate genes responsible for tinnitus may afford gene based diagnostic approaches, effective therapy development, and personalized therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Vona
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius Maximilians University WürzburgWürzburg, Germany
| | - Indrajit Nanda
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius Maximilians University WürzburgWürzburg, Germany
| | - Wafaa Shehata-Dieler
- Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Comprehensive Hearing Center, University Hospital WürzburgWürzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Haaf
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius Maximilians University WürzburgWürzburg, Germany
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11
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Abstract
Mutations in gap junction proteins encoding beta connexions are believed to be a major cause for congenital hearing loss. The purpose of this study was to do comparative analyses of frequencies of most prominent mutations responsible for congenital deafness. Using fluorescence PCR method, the entire coding region of GJB2 gene, GJB3 gene, and SLC26A4 was analyzed. Direct DNA sequencing was used to analyze mutations in these genes among unrelated 2,674 cases of newborns. Also, 12S rRNA mutation was also studied in these cases. In 2,674 cases of newborns from June 2013 to June 2014, found deafness mutation in 137 cases (5.12 % of carrier rate), carrying GJB2 mutations in 68 cases (2.54 % of carry rate), GJB3 mutations in 10 cases (0.37 % of carry rate), SLC26A4 mutations in 54 cases (2.02 % of carry rate), and mitochondrial 12S rRNA mutations in five cases (0.19 % of carry rate). The study concludes that GJB2 gene mutation is the most common and mitochondrial 12S rRNA mutations are the least common mutation for congenital hearing loss in Chinese newborns.
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13
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A novel frameshift mutation in KCNQ4 in a family with autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 463:582-6. [PMID: 26036578 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.05.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Mutation of KCNQ4 has been reported to cause autosomal dominant non-syndromic hearing loss (DFNA2A) that usually presents as progressive hearing loss starting from mild to moderate hearing loss during childhood. Here, we identified a novel KCNQ4 mutation, c.1044_1051del8, in a family with autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss. The proband was homozygous for the mutation and was born to consanguineous parents; she showed severe hearing loss that was either congenital or of early childhood onset. The proband had a sister who was heterozygous for the mutation but showed normal hearing. The mutation caused a frameshift that eliminated most of the cytoplasmic C-terminus, including the A-domain, which has an important role for protein tetramerization, and the B-segment, which is a binding site for calmodulin (CaM) that regulates channel function via Ca ions. The fact that the heterozygote had normal hearing indicates that sufficient tetramerization and CaM binding sites were present to preserve a normal phenotype even when only half the proteins contained an A-domain and B-segment. On the other hand, the severe hearing loss in the homozygote suggests that complete loss of the A-domain and B-segment in the protein caused loss of function due to the failure of tetramer formation and CaM binding. This family suggests that some KCNQ4 mutations can cause autosomal recessive hearing loss with more severe phenotype in addition to autosomal dominant hearing loss with milder phenotype. This genotype-phenotype correlation is analogous to that in KCNQ1 which causes autosomal dominant hereditary long QT syndrome 1 with milder phenotype and the autosomal recessive Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome 1 with more severe phenotype due to deletion of the cytoplasmic C-terminus of the potassium channel.
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Abdelfatah N, McComiskey DA, Doucette L, Griffin A, Moore SJ, Negrijn C, Hodgkinson KA, King JJ, Larijani M, Houston J, Stanton SG, Young TL. Identification of a novel in-frame deletion in KCNQ4 (DFNA2A) and evidence of multiple phenocopies of unknown origin in a family with ADSNHL. Eur J Hum Genet 2013; 21:1112-9. [PMID: 23443030 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2013.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Revised: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant sensorineural hearing loss (ADSNHL) is extremely genetically heterogeneous, making it difficult to molecularly diagnose. We identified a multiplex (n=28 affected) family from the genetic isolate of Newfoundland, Canada with variable SNHL and used a targeted sequencing approach based on population-specific alleles in WFS1, TMPRSS3 and PCDH15; recurrent mutations in GJB2 and GJB6; and frequently mutated exons of KCNQ4, COCH and TECTA. We identified a novel, in-frame deletion (c.806_808delCCT: p.S269del) in the voltage-gated potassium channel KCNQ4 (DFNA2), which in silico modeling predicts to disrupt multimerization of KCNQ4 subunits. Surprisingly, 10/23 deaf relatives are non-carriers of p.S269del. Further molecular characterization of the DFNA2 locus in deletion carriers ruled out the possibility of a pathogenic mutation other than p.S269del at the DFNA2A/B locus and linkage analysis showed significant linkage to DFNA2 (maximum LOD=3.3). Further support of genetic heterogeneity in family 2071 was revealed by comparisons of audio profiles between p.S269del carriers and non-carriers suggesting additional and as yet unknown etiologies. We discuss the serious implications that genetic heterogeneity, in this case observed within a single family, has on molecular diagnostics and genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelly Abdelfatah
- Discipline of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
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15
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Abstract
The purpose of this review is to assess the current literature on deafness nonsyndromic autosomal dominant 2 (DFNA2) hearing loss and the mutations linked to this disorder. Hearing impairment, particularly nonsyndromic hearing loss, affects multiple families across the world. After the identification of the DFNA2 locus on chromosome 1p34, multiple pathogenic mutations in two genes (GJB3 and KCNQ4) have been reported. The overwhelming majority of pathogenic mutations linked to this form of nonsyndromic hearing loss have been identified in the KCNQ4 gene encoding a voltage-gated potassium channel. It is believed that KCNQ4 channels are present in outer hair cells and possibly inner hair cells and the central auditory pathway. This form of hearing loss is both phenotypically and genetically heterogeneous and there are still DFNA2 pedigrees that have not been associated with changes in either GJB3 or KCNQ4, suggesting that a possible third gene exists at this locus. Further studies of the DFNA2 locus will lead to a better understanding of progressive hearing loss and provide a better means of early detection and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Dominguez
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Kelley M Dodson
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
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Namba K, Mutai H, Kaneko H, Hashimoto S, Matsunaga T. In silico modeling of the pore region of a KCNQ4 missense mutant from a patient with hearing loss. BMC Res Notes 2012; 5:145. [PMID: 22420747 PMCID: PMC3374714 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-5-145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2011] [Accepted: 03/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mutation of the voltage-gated potassium channel KCNQ4 causes DFNA2-type nonsyndromic autosomal dominant sensorineural hearing loss. KCNQ4 is expressed predominantly in the auditory sensory outer hair cells, which are critical for sound amplification. Results We sequenced KCNQ4 from Japanese patients with sensorineural hearing loss, and identified a novel missense mutation encoding a Tyr270His located at the N-terminus of the highly conserved pore helix sequence. As this patient was not accessible to us and information about them was limited, we used molecular modeling to investigate whether this novel mutation is hypothetically pathogenic. A careful examination of an in silico structural model of the KCNQ4 pore region revealed that the Tyr270His mutation caused an alteration in the electrostatic surface potential of the pore helix. Conclusion We propose two possible means by which the Tyr270His mutation causes hearing loss: a positively charged His270 side chain might enhance the helix dipole moment of the pore helix, thereby destabilizing the helix and/or the pore region, or it might disturb transport of K+ through the channel by electrostatic repulsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Namba
- Laboratory of Auditory Disorders, National Institute of Sensory Organs, National Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
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17
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Jiang L, Liu Y, Feng Y, Hu Z, Mei L, Long L, Chen H, Xue J, Xia K, He C. Gene localization in a Chinese family with autosomal dominant non-syndromic deafness. Acta Otolaryngol 2011; 131:1061-8. [PMID: 21651318 DOI: 10.3109/00016489.2011.591822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
CONCLUSIONS There could be another candidate gene in DFNA2, which could be responsible for the hearing loss phenotype. OBJECTIVE We collected a four-generation family from the southern part of China with autosomal dominant sensorineural hearing impairment. In order to identify the responsible pathogenic mutations in this family, we set out to identify the locus and to sequentially analyze the candidate genes in the identified region. METHODS After family ascertainment and clinical analysis, exclusive analysis was performed. Then a genome-wide scan was performed using an Illumina Linkage-12 DNA Analysis Kit (average spacing 0.58 cM). Fine-mapping markers were genotyped to identify the locus. Finally, we performed haplotype analyses and candidate gene DNA sequencing for the family. RESULTS The known genetic loci and genes were not associated with our family. The genome-wide scan and haplotype analyses traced the disease to chromosome 1p34.2-p34.3 with maximum multi-point LOD score of 3.2, which overlaps with DFNA2. We failed to identify any of the known or novel variants within KCNQ4, a voltage-gated potassium channel gene, and GJB3, a gene that encodes the gap junction protein connexin 31, which were the cloned deafness genes in DFNA2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China
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18
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Identification of missense mutation (I12T) in the BSND gene and bioinformatics analysis. J Biomed Biotechnol 2011; 2011:304612. [PMID: 21541222 PMCID: PMC3085335 DOI: 10.1155/2011/304612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Revised: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 02/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonsyndromic hearing loss is a paradigm of genetic heterogeneity with 85 loci and 39 nuclear disease genes reported so far. Mutations of BSND have been shown to cause Bartter syndrome type IV, characterized by significant renal abnormalities and deafness and nonsyndromic nearing loss. We studied a Pakistani consanguineous family. Clinical examinations of affected individuals did not reveal the presence of any associated signs, which are hallmarks of the Bartter syndrome type IV. Linkage analysis identified an area of 18.36 Mb shared by all affected individuals between markers D1S2706 and D1S1596. A maximum two-point LOD score of 2.55 with markers D1S2700 and multipoint LOD score of 3.42 with marker D1S1661 were obtained. BSND mutation, that is, p.I12T, cosegregated in all extant members of our pedigree. BSND mutations can cause nonsyndromic hearing loss, and it is a second report for this mutation. The respected protein, that is, BSND, was first modeled, and then, the identified mutation was further analyzed by using different bioinformatics tools; finally, this protein and its mutant was docked with CLCNKB and REN, interactions of BSND, respectively.
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Arnett J, Emery SB, Kim TB, Boerst AK, Lee K, Leal SM, Lesperance MM. Autosomal dominant progressive sensorineural hearing loss due to a novel mutation in the KCNQ4 gene. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 137:54-9. [PMID: 21242547 DOI: 10.1001/archoto.2010.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the genetic etiology in a family with autosomal dominant progressive sensorineural hearing loss. DESIGN Prospective molecular genetic research study. SETTING Academic genetic research laboratory. PARTICIPANTS Seventeen members of a family with dominant progressive nonsyndromic sensorineural hearing loss: 9 affected, 6 unaffected, and 2 spouses. INTERVENTIONS Clinical data from questionnaires, interviews, serial audiograms, and medical records; genetic data from genome-wide linkage analysis and candidate gene mutation analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Symptoms, age at onset, serial audiometric data, and the presence or absence of a deafness-associated mutation. RESULTS Affected individuals in this family presented with autosomal dominant nonsyndromic high-frequency progressive sensorineural hearing loss, with age at onset ranging from 1 to 21 years. Genome-wide linkage analysis of single-nucleotide polymorphisms yielded evidence of linkage to an 18.9-Mb region on chromosome 1p34-p36, with a multipoint logarithm of odds score of 3.6. This interval contains a known deafness gene, KCNQ4, which underlies DNFA2 deafness. Sequencing of the 14 coding exons and intron-exon junctions of KCNQ4 revealed a novel heterozygous missense mutation, c.859G>C, p.Gly287Arg. The mutation disrupts the highly conserved GYG motif (glycine-tyrosine-glycine) of the phosphate-binding loop, hypothesized to be critical in maintaining pore structure and function. All 274 controls were negative for the mutation. CONCLUSIONS Autosomal dominant high-frequency hearing loss is genetically heterogeneous, and linkage analysis is an efficient means of identifying the etiology in larger families. Deafness in this family is caused by a novel mutation in KCNQ4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jameson Arnett
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, 48109-5241, USA
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Kim HJ, Lv P, Sihn CR, Yamoah EN. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of autosomal dominant form of progressive hearing loss, DFNA2. J Biol Chem 2010; 286:1517-27. [PMID: 20966080 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.179010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in identifying deafness genes, determination of the underlying cellular and functional mechanisms for auditory diseases remains a challenge. Mutations of the human K(+) channel hKv7.4 lead to post-lingual progressive hearing loss (DFNA2), which affects world-wide population with diverse racial backgrounds. Here, we have generated the spectrum of point mutations in the hKv7.4 that have been identified as diseased mutants. We report that expression of five point mutations in the pore region, namely L274H, W276S, L281S, G285C, and G296S, as well as the C-terminal mutant G321S in the heterologous expression system, yielded non-functional channels because of endoplasmic reticulum retention of the mutant channels. We mimicked the dominant diseased conditions by co-expressing the wild-type and mutant channels. As compared with expression of wild-type channel alone, the blend of wild-type and mutant channel subunits resulted in reduced currents. Moreover, the combinatorial ratios of wild type:mutant and the ensuing current magnitude could not be explained by the predictions of a tetrameric channel and a dominant negative effect of the mutant subunits. The results can be explained by the dependence of cell surface expression of the mutant on the wild-type subunit. Surprisingly, a transmembrane mutation F182L, which has been identified in a pre-lingual progressive hearing loss patient in Taiwan, yielded cell surface expression and functional features that were similar to that of the wild type, suggesting that this mutation may represent redundant polymorphism. Collectively, these findings provide traces of the cellular mechanisms for DFNA2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Jeong Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Program in Communication Science, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95618, USA
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21
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Baek JI, Park HJ, Park K, Choi SJ, Lee KY, Yi JH, Friedman TB, Drayna D, Shin KS, Kim UK. Pathogenic effects of a novel mutation (c.664_681del) in KCNQ4 channels associated with auditory pathology. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2010; 1812:536-43. [PMID: 20832469 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2010.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2010] [Revised: 08/31/2010] [Accepted: 09/02/2010] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Hearing loss is a common communication disorder caused by various environmental and genetic factors. Hereditary hearing loss is very heterogeneous, and most of such cases involve sensorineural defects in the auditory pathway. There are currently 57 known autosomal dominant non-syndromic hearing loss (DFNA) loci, and the causative genes have been identified at 22 of these loci. In the present study, we performed a genome-wide linkage analysis in a Korean family segregating autosomal dominant hearing loss. We observed linkage on chromosome 1p34, and at this locus, we detected a novel mutation consisting of an 18 nucleotide deletion in exon 4 of the KCNQ4 gene, which encodes a voltage-gated potassium channel. We carried out a functional in vitro study to analyze the effects of this mutation (c.664_681del) along with two previously described KCNQ4 mutations, p.W276S and p.G285C. Although the c.664_681del mutation is located in the intercellular loop and the two previously described mutations, p.W276S and p.G285C, are located in the pore region, all mutants inhibit normal channel function by a dominant negative effect. Our analysis indicates that the intercellular loop is as significant as the pore region as a potential site of pathogenic effects on KCNQ4 channel function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-In Baek
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, South Korea
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HUYGEN PATRICKLM, PENNINGS RONALDJE, CREMERS CORWRJ. Characterizing and Distinguishing Progressive Phenotypes in Nonsyndromic Autosomal Dominant Hearing Impairment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/16513860310003049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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23
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VAN LAER LUT, VAN CAMP GUY. Autosomal Dominant Nonsyndromic Hearing Impairment: an Overview. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/16513860310003111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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PENNINGS RONALDJE, HUYGEN PATRICKLM, CAMP GUYVAN, CREMERS CORWRJ. A Review of Progressive Phenotypes in Nonsyndromic Autosomal Dominant Hearing Impairment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/16513860310003085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Erik Borg, Eva Samuelsson, N. Dahl. Audiometric Characterization of a Family with Digenic Autosomal, Dominant, Progressive Sensorineural Hearing Loss. Acta Otolaryngol 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/000164800453946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Ouyang XM, Yan D, Yuan HJ, Pu D, Du LL, Han DY, Liu XZ. The genetic bases for non-syndromic hearing loss among Chinese. J Hum Genet 2009; 54:131-40. [PMID: 19197336 DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2009.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Deafness is an etiologically heterogeneous trait with many known genetic, environmental causes or a combination thereof. The identification of more than 120 independent genes for deafness has provided profound new insights into the pathophysiology of hearing. However, recent findings indicate that a large proportion of both syndromic and non-syndromic forms of deafness in the Chinese population are caused by defects in a small number of genes. Studies of the genetic epidemiology and molecular genetic features revealed that there is a clear relevance of genes causing deafness in Chinese deaf patients as well as a unique spectrum of common and rare deafness gene mutations in the Chinese population. This review is focused on the genetic aspects of non-syndromic and mitochondrial deafness, in which unique molecular genetic features of hearing impairment have been identified in the Chinese population. The current China population is approximately 1.3 billion. It is estimated that 30,000 infants are born with congenital sensorineural hearing loss each year. Better understanding of the genetic causes of deafness in the Chinese population is important for accurate genetics counseling and early diagnosis for timely intervention and treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Mei Ouyang
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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Audioprofile-directed screening identifies novel mutations in KCNQ4 causing hearing loss at the DFNA2 locus. Genet Med 2009; 10:797-804. [PMID: 18941426 DOI: 10.1097/gim.0b013e318187e106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Gene identification in small families segregating autosomal dominant sensorineural hearing loss presents a significant challenge. To address this challenge, we have developed a machine learning-based software tool, AudioGene v2.0, to prioritize candidate genes for mutation screening based on audioprofiling. METHODS We analyzed audiometric data from a cohort of American families with high-frequency autosomal dominant sensorineural hearing loss. Those families predicted to have a DFNA2 audioprofile by AudioGene v2.0 were screened for mutations in the KCNQ4 gene. RESULTS Two novel missense mutations and a stop mutation were detected in three American families predicted to have DFNA2-related deafness for a positive predictive value of 6.3%. The false negative rate was 0%. The missense mutations were located in the channel pore region and the stop mutation was in transmembrane domain S5. The latter is the first DFNA2-causing stop mutation reported in KCNQ4. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that the N-terminal end of the P-loop is crucial in maintaining the integrity of the KCNQ4 channel pore and AudioGene audioprofile analysis can effectively prioritize genes for mutation screening in small families segregating high-frequency autosomal dominant sensorineural hearing loss. AudioGene software will be made freely available to clinicians and researchers once it has been fully validated.
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KCNQ4 mutations associated with nonsyndromic progressive sensorineural hearing loss. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2009; 16:441-4. [PMID: 18797286 DOI: 10.1097/moo.0b013e32830f4aa3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This article provides an update on the current progress in identification of KCNQ4 mutations responsible for DFNA2, a subtype of autosomal dominant nonsyndromic progressive hearing loss. RECENT FINDINGS Hearing loss in pateints with DFNA2 usually start at high frequencies in their 20s and 30s, and then progress to more than 60 dB in less than 10 years, with middle and low frequencies often affected as well. To date, eight missense mutations and two deletions of the KCNQ4 gene have been identified in patients with DFNA2 with various clinical phenotypes. In general, missense mutations are associated with younger-onset and all-frequency hearing loss, whereas deletion mutations are underlying later-onset and pure high-frequency hearing loss. The etiology of DFNA2 remains largely unknown at this point, even though the degeneration of cochlear outer hair cells, caused by dysfunction of KCNQ4 channels, might be one of the underlying mechanisms. SUMMARY During the last decade, significant progress has been made in identifying KCNQ4 mutations in patients with DFNA2. Elucidation of the pathogenic effect of these mutations will help to gain insights into the molecular mechanisms of hearing and hearing loss, which, in turn, will facilitate informative genetic counseling, early diagnosis, and even treatment of hearing loss.
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Digenic inheritance of non-syndromic deafness caused by mutations at the gap junction proteins Cx26 and Cx31. Hum Genet 2008; 125:53-62. [PMID: 19050930 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-008-0602-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2008] [Accepted: 11/25/2008] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in the genes coding for connexin 26 (Cx26) and connexin 31 (Cx31) cause non-syndromic deafness. Here, we provide evidence that mutations at these two connexin genes can interact to cause hearing loss in digenic heterozygotes in humans. We have screened 108 GJB2 heterozygous Chinese patients for mutations in GJB3 by sequencing. We have excluded the possibility that mutations in exon 1 of GJB2 and the deletion of GJB6 are the second mutant allele in these Chinese heterozygous probands. Two different GJB3 mutations (N166S and A194T) occurring in compound heterozygosity with the 235delC and 299delAT of GJB2 were identified in three unrelated families (235delC/N166S, 235delC/A194T and 299delAT/A194T). Neither of these mutations in Cx31 was detected in DNA from 200 unrelated Chinese controls. Direct physical interaction of Cx26 with Cx31 is supported by data showing that Cx26 and Cx31 have overlapping expression patterns in the cochlea. In addition, by coimmunoprecipitation of mouse cochlear membrane proteins, we identified the presence of heteromeric Cx26/Cx31 connexons. Furthermore, by cotransfection of mCherry-tagged Cx26 and GFP-tagged Cx31 in human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293 cells, we demonstrated that the two connexins were able to co-assemble in vitro in the same junction plaque. Together, our data indicate that a genetic interaction between these two connexin genes can lead to hearing loss.
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Bhatti A, Lee K, McDonald ML, Hassan MJ, Gutala R, Ansar M, Ahmad W, Leal SM. Mapping of a new autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing impairment locus (DFNB45) to chromosome 1q43-q44. Clin Genet 2008; 73:395-8. [PMID: 18325041 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2008.00976.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Mencía A, González-Nieto D, Modamio-Høybjør S, Etxeberría A, Aránguez G, Salvador N, Del Castillo I, Villarroel A, Moreno F, Barrio L, Moreno-Pelayo MA. A novel KCNQ4 pore-region mutation (p.G296S) causes deafness by impairing cell-surface channel expression. Hum Genet 2007; 123:41-53. [PMID: 18030493 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-007-0447-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2007] [Accepted: 11/09/2007] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in the potassium channel gene KCNQ4 underlie DFNA2, a subtype of autosomal dominant progressive, high-frequency hearing loss. Based on a phenotype-guided mutational screening we have identified a novel mutation c.886G>A, leading to the p.G296S substitution in the pore region of KCNQ4 channel. The possible impact of this mutation on total KCNQ4 protein expression, relative surface expression and channel function was investigated. When the G296S mutant was expressed in Xenopus oocytes, electrophysiological recordings did not show voltage-activated K(+) currents. The p.G296S mutation impaired KCNQ4 channel activity in two manners. It greatly reduced surface expression and, secondarily, abolished channel function. The deficient expression at the cell surface membrane was further confirmed in non-permeabilized NIH-3T3 cells transfected with the mutant KCNQ4 tagged with the hemagglutinin epitope in the extracellular S1-S2 linker. Co-expression of mutant and wild type KCNQ4 in oocytes was performed to mimic the heterozygous condition of the p.G296S mutation in the patients. The results showed that the G296S mutant exerts a strong dominant-negative effect on potassium currents by reducing the wild type KCNQ4 channel expression at the cell surface. This is the first study to identify a trafficking-dependent dominant mechanism for the loss of KCNQ4 channel function in DFNA2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeles Mencía
- Unidad de Genética Molecular, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Carretera de Colmenar Km 9, 28034, Madrid, Spain
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Kamada F, Kure S, Kudo T, Suzuki Y, Oshima T, Ichinohe A, Kojima K, Niihori T, Kanno J, Narumi Y, Narisawa A, Kato K, Aoki Y, Ikeda K, Kobayashi T, Matsubara Y. A novel KCNQ4 one-base deletion in a large pedigree with hearing loss: implication for the genotype-phenotype correlation. J Hum Genet 2006; 51:455-460. [PMID: 16596322 DOI: 10.1007/s10038-006-0384-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2005] [Accepted: 01/23/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal-dominant, nonsyndromic hearing impairment is clinically and genetically heterogeneous. We encountered a large Japanese pedigree in which nonsyndromic hearing loss was inherited in an autosomal-dominant fashion. A genome-wide linkage study indicated linkage to the DFNA2 locus on chromosome 1p34. Mutational analysis of KCNQ4 encoding a potassium channel revealed a novel one-base deletion in exon 1, c.211delC, which generated a profoundly truncated protein without transmembrane domains (p.Q71fsX138). Previously, six missense mutations and one 13-base deletion, c.211_223del, had been reported in KCNQ4. Patients with the KCNQ4 missense mutations had younger-onset and more profound hearing loss than patients with the 211_223del mutation. In our current study, 12 individuals with the c.211delC mutation manifested late-onset and pure high-frequency hearing loss. Our results support the genotype-phenotype correlation that the KCNQ4 deletions are associated with later-onset and milder hearing impairment than the missense mutations. The phenotypic difference may be caused by the difference in pathogenic mechanisms: haploinsufficiency in deletions and dominant-negative effect in missense mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiaki Kamada
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
- 21st COE Program "Comprehensive Research and Education Center for Planning of Drug Development and Clinical Evaluation", Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shigeo Kure
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan.
- 21st COE Program "Comprehensive Research and Education Center for Planning of Drug Development and Clinical Evaluation", Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Takayuki Kudo
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Yoichi Suzuki
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Takeshi Oshima
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Akiko Ichinohe
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Kanako Kojima
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Niihori
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Junko Kanno
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Yoko Narumi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Ayumi Narisawa
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Kumi Kato
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
- 21st COE Program "Comprehensive Research and Education Center for Planning of Drug Development and Clinical Evaluation", Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoko Aoki
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
- 21st COE Program "Comprehensive Research and Education Center for Planning of Drug Development and Clinical Evaluation", Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Katsuhisa Ikeda
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Toshimitsu Kobayashi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoichi Matsubara
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
- 21st COE Program "Comprehensive Research and Education Center for Planning of Drug Development and Clinical Evaluation", Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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Topsakal V, Pennings RJE, te Brinke H, Hamel B, Huygen PLM, Kremer H, Cremers CWRJ. Phenotype determination guides swift genotyping of a DFNA2/KCNQ4 family with a hot spot mutation (W276S). Otol Neurotol 2005; 26:52-8. [PMID: 15699719 DOI: 10.1097/00129492-200501000-00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Genotype a family trait with autosomal dominant nonsyndromic sensorineural hearing impairment guided only by the phenotype. STUDY DESIGN Family study. SETTING Tertiary referral center. PATIENTS Fifteen family members. METHODS In the first phase, sequence analysis was performed on DNA isolated from buccal swabs of the proband and her daughter, guided by the phenotype based on audiometric data that were already available. After detection of the W276S missense mutation in the KCNQ4 gene in both patients, this finding was confirmed in the other affected family members. All participants completed a questionnaire, were clinically examined, and underwent standard pure-tone audiometry. The results were analyzed to refine the phenotypic features of the family trait. RESULTS All clinically affected participants were carriers of the W276S hotspot mutation in exon 5 of the KCNQ4 gene on chromosome 1p34. Refined phenotypic features confirmed previously described phenotypes of DFNA2 families. CONCLUSIONS Phenotype determination can be cost saving and very effective in detecting the genotype of autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing impairment, especially when phenotype analyses can be performed on data that are already available or easily collected.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Audiometry, Pure-Tone
- Child
- Chromosome Aberrations
- Cross-Cultural Comparison
- DNA Mutational Analysis
- Disease Progression
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Genes, Dominant
- Genetic Carrier Screening
- Genotype
- Hearing Loss, High-Frequency/diagnosis
- Hearing Loss, High-Frequency/genetics
- Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/diagnosis
- Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/genetics
- Humans
- KCNQ Potassium Channels
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Mutation, Missense
- Netherlands
- Pedigree
- Phenotype
- Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated/genetics
- Presbycusis/diagnosis
- Presbycusis/genetics
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Statistics as Topic
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Affiliation(s)
- Vedat Topsakal
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands
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35
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Frei K, Ramsebner R, Hamader G, Lucas T, Schoefer C, Baumgartner WD, Wachtler FJ, Kirschhofer K. Lack of association between Connexin 31 (GJB3) alterations and sensorineural deafness in Austria. Hear Res 2004; 194:81-6. [PMID: 15276679 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2004.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2004] [Accepted: 03/16/2004] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the gap junction protein beta 3 (GJB3) gene encoding Connexin 31 (Cx31) are known to cause autosomal inherited sensorineural deafness, erythrokeratodermia and neuropathy. The role of Cx31 mutations has not been described in familial cases of non-syndromic hearing impairment (NSHI) in central European populations. To identify mutations in the Austrian population, highly selected familial (n=24) and sporadic (n=21) cases of isolated NSHI were screened by analysis of the complete coding sequence of Cx31, after exclusion of a common Cx26 causing deafness. Three different variations occurring in a total of 37% of all cases were identified. A C94T (R32W) missense mutation was seen in 4.4% of cases and two silent alterations C357T and C798T were detected in 8.9% and 24.4% of cases exclusively in a heterozygous pattern. No correlation between Cx31 alterations and deafness was found. To investigate the role of heterozygous Cx31 variations for a possibly combination allelic disease inheritance with Cx26 mutations as shown for Connexin 30 and Connexin 26, patients with Cx26 variations were tested. Our data suggest that Cx31 alterations are common but have no or a low genetic relevance in the Austrian hearing impaired population with or without Cx26 alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klemens Frei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital of Vienna, University of Vienna, AKH-8J Waehringer, Gürtel 18-20, Vienna A-1090, Austria.
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36
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Abstract
Given the unique biological requirements of sound transduction and the selective advantage conferred upon a species capable of sensitive sound detection, it is not surprising that up to 1% of the approximately 30,000 or more human genes are necessary for hearing. There are hundreds of monogenic disorders for which hearing loss is one manifestation of a syndrome or the only disorder and therefore is nonsyndromic. Herein we review the supporting evidence for identifying over 30 genes for dominantly and recessively inherited, nonsyndromic, sensorineural deafness. The state of knowledge concerning their biological roles is discussed in the context of the controversies within an evolving understanding of the intricate molecular machinery of the inner ear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas B Friedman
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA.
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37
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Resting potential and submembrane calcium concentration of inner hair cells in the isolated mouse cochlea are set by KCNQ-type potassium channels. J Neurosci 2003. [PMID: 12657673 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.23-06-02141.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cochlear inner hair cells (IHCs) transduce sound-induced vibrations into a receptor potential (RP) that controls afferent synaptic activity and, consequently, frequency and timing of action potentials in the postsynaptic auditory neurons. The RP is thought to be shaped by the two voltage-dependent K+ conductances, I(K,f) and I(K,s), that are carried by large-conductance Ca2+- and voltage-dependent K+ (BK)- and K(V)-type K+ channels. Using whole-cell voltage-clamp recordings in the acutely isolated mouse cochlea, we show that IHCs display an additional K+ current that is active at the resting membrane potential (-72 mV) and deactivates on hyperpolarization. It is potently blocked by the KCNQ-channel blockers linopirdine and XE991 but is insensitive to tetraethylammonium and 4-aminopyridine, which inhibit I(K,f) and I(K,s), respectively. Single-cell PCR and immunocytochemistry showed expression of the KCNQ4 subunit in IHCs. In current-clamp experiments, block of the KCNQ current shifted the resting membrane potential by approximately 7 to -65 mV and led to a significant activation of BK channels. Using BK channels as an indicator for submembrane intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i), it is shown that the shift in IHC resting potential observed after block of the KCNQ channels leads to an increase in [Ca2+]i to values > or =1 microm. In conclusion, KCNQ channels set the resting membrane potential of IHCs in the isolated organ of Corti and thus maintain [Ca2+]i at low levels. Destabilization of the resting potential and increase in [Ca2+]i, as may result from impaired KCNQ4 function in IHCs, provide a novel explanation for the progressive hearing loss (DFNA2) observed in patients with defective KCNQ4 genes.
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38
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Abstract
Non-syndromic deafness is a paradigm of genetic heterogeneity. More than 70 loci have been mapped, and 25 of the nuclear genes responsible for non-syndromic deafness have been identified. Autosomal-dominant genes are responsible for about 20% of the cases of hereditary non-syndromic deafness, with 16 different genes identified to date. In the present article we review these 16 genes, their function and their contribution to deafness in different populations. The complexity is underlined by the fact that several of the genes are involved in both dominant and recessive non-syndromic deafness or in both non-syndromic and syndromic deafness. Mutations in eight of the genes have so far been detected in only single dominant deafness families, and their contribution to deafness on a population base might therefore be limited, or is currently unknown. Identification of all genes involved in hereditary hearing loss will help in the understanding of the basic mechanisms underlying normal hearing, will facilitate early diagnosis and intervention and might offer opportunities for rational therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Petersen
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Child Health, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, GR-11527 Athens, Greece.
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39
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Frei K, Szuhai K, Lucas T, Weipoltshammer K, Schöfer C, Ramsebner R, Baumgartner WD, Raap AK, Bittner R, Wachtler FJ, Kirschhofer K. Connexin 26 mutations in cases of sensorineural deafness in eastern Austria. Eur J Hum Genet 2002; 10:427-32. [PMID: 12107817 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5200826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2001] [Revised: 03/28/2002] [Accepted: 04/25/2002] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the connexin 26 (Cx26) gene (GJB2) are associated with autosomal nonsyndromic sensorineural hearing loss. This study describes mutations in the Cx26 gene in cases of familial and sporadic hearing loss (HL) by gene sequencing and identifies the allelic frequency of the most common mutation leading to HL (35delG) in the population of eastern Austria. For this purpose we have developed and applied a molecular beacon based real-time mutation detection assay. Mutation frequencies in the Cx26 gene of individuals from affected families (14 out of 46) and sporadic cases (11 out of 40) were 30.4% and 27.5%, respectively. In addition to known disease related alterations, a novel mutation 262 G-->T (A88S) was also identified. 35delG accounted for almost 77% of all Cx26 mutations detected and displayed an allelic frequency in the normal hearing population of 1.7% (2 out of 120). The high prevalence of the 35delG mutation in eastern Austria would therefore allow screening of individuals and family members with Cx26 dependent deafness by a highly specific and semi-automated method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klemens Frei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, AKH-8J, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna, Austria, A-1090.
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40
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Goldstein JA, Lalwani AK. Further evidence for a third deafness gene within the DFNA2 locus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.10299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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41
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De Leenheer EMR, Huygen PLM, Coucke PJ, Admiraal RJC, van Camp G, Cremers CW. Longitudinal and cross-sectional phenotype analysis in a new, large Dutch DFNA2/KCNQ4 family. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2002; 111:267-74. [PMID: 11915881 DOI: 10.1177/000348940211100312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed hearing thresholds, speech recognition scores, and vestibular responses in 32 affected persons in a large family with DFNA2/KCNQ4-related hearing impairment caused by a W276S missense mutation. Linear regression analysis of individual longitudinal data revealed significant threshold progression (1 dB/y) and offset (at age zero). The mean offset thresholds were 5, 21, 40, 39, 31, and 51 dB hearing level (HL) at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8 kHz, respectively. Cross-sectional analysis of last-visit thresholds against age produced less-steep slopes and higher offset thresholds. Nonlinear regression analysis of last-visit phoneme recognition scores against age in 25 cases showed that speech recognition did not deteriorate before the third decade. A hyperactive vestibuloocular reflex was found in 3 of 11 cases: 2 persons were especially susceptible to motion sickness. Persons with this KCNQ4 mutation showed congenital, progressive high-frequency impairment without substantial loss of speech recognition during the first decades of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Els M R De Leenheer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center St Radboud Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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42
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Abstract
Hereditary isolated hearing loss is genetically highly heterogeneous. Over 100 genes are predicted to cause this disorder in humans. Sixty loci have been reported and 24 genes underlying 28 deafness forms have been identified. The present epistemic stage in the realm consists in a preliminary characterization of the encoded proteins and the associated defective biological processes. Since for several of the deafness forms we still only have fuzzy notions of their pathogenesis, we here adopt a presentation of the various deafness forms based on the site of the primary defect: hair cell defects, nonsensory cell defects, and tectorial membrane anomalies. The various deafness forms so far studied appear as monogenic disorders. They are all rare with the exception of one, caused by mutations in the gene encoding the gap junction protein connexin26, which accounts for between one third to one half of the cases of prelingual inherited deafness in Caucasian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Petit
- Unité de Génétique des Déficits Sensoriels, CNRS URA 1968, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Dr Roux, Paris cedex 15, 75724 France.
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43
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Smith SD. Relationships between neurologic disorders and hereditary hearing loss. Semin Pediatr Neurol 2001; 8:147-59. [PMID: 11575844 DOI: 10.1053/spen.2001.26448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Hearing loss is a common disorder that often has a neurologic etiology. Recently, there has been significant progress in the discovery of the genes that cause sensorineural hearing loss, and this has led to increased understanding of the pathophysiology of both syndromic and nonsyndromic hearing problems. These genes cover the range of processes involved in neurologic development and function, including structural genes, transcription factors, and tumor suppressors; genes involved in signal transduction processes, such as ion homeostasis and intracellular transport; and mitochondrial genes responsible for oxidative phosphorylation and energy production. Interactions between genes as well as between genes and environmental factors have also been documented. Understanding of these processes should lead to earlier and more accurate diagnosis and more effective treatment for neurologic disorders and hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Smith
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Human Molecular Genetics, Munroe Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha 68198-5455, USA
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44
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Elfenbein JL, Fisher RA, Wei S, Morell RJ, Stewart C, Friedman TB, Friderici K. Audiologic aspects of the search for DFNA20: a gene causing late-onset, progressive, sensorineural hearing loss. Ear Hear 2001; 22:279-88. [PMID: 11527035 DOI: 10.1097/00003446-200108000-00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this research was to identify the gene responsible for a novel form of nonsyndromic, late-onset, bilateral, progressive, sensorineural hearing loss in a Michigan family of English descent. This report describes the audiologic aspects of the search. DESIGN Fifty-eight members of the family served as subjects for the study. Family pedigree information was gathered from family interviews, family records, birth and death registration records and census data. Audiologic evaluation was used to describe the hearing loss (phenotype) and classify family members as affected or unaffected based on hearing status. These data then were used in a linkage analysis, a process in which the inheritance of a trait is compared with the inheritance of genetic markers and statistically significant associations are sought. RESULTS The team mapped the hearing loss to the long arm of chromosome 17 at band 17q25. The pattern of inheritance is autosomal dominant. The search for the gene is continuing using a candidate gene approach. CONCLUSIONS The hearing loss demonstrated by this mid-Michigan family is a novel form of nonsyndromic, genetic, late-onset, bilateral, progressive, sensorineural hearing loss. The locus of the gene, the 20th for autosomal dominant hearing loss, is at band 17q25 of chromosome 17.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Elfenbein
- Department of Audiology and Speech Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824, USA
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45
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Zanchetta S, Ohara K, Rodrigues PT, Carvalho EL, Richieri-Costa A. "New" autosomal-dominant infantile sensorineural non-progressive high-frequency hearing loss: report on a Brazilian family. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 2000; 95:13-6. [PMID: 11074488 DOI: 10.1002/1096-8628(20001106)95:1<13::aid-ajmg4>3.0.co;2-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We report on a three-generation Brazilian family with seven patients affected with non-progressive high-frequency sensorineural hearing loss with no associated anomalies first noted in early infancy. To our knowledge this is the first report on this autosomal-dominant condition. Clinical, audiological, and genetic aspects are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zanchetta
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Marília, Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
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46
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Abstract
Humans have over 70 potassium channel genes, but only some of these have been linked to disease. In this respect, the KCNQ family of potassium channels is exceptional: mutations in four out of five KCNQ genes underlie diseases including cardiac arrhythmias, deafness and epilepsy. These disorders illustrate the different physiological functions of KCNQ channels, and provide a model for the study of the 'safety margin' that separates normal from pathological levels of channel expression. In addition, several KCNQ isoforms can associate to form heteromeric channels that underlie the M-current, an important regulator of neuronal excitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Jentsch
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, ZMNH, Hamburg University, Martinistrasse 85, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany.
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47
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Kirschhofer K, Kenyon JB, Hoover DM, Franz P, Weipoltshammer K, Wachtler F, Kimberling WJ. Autosomal-dominant, prelingual, nonprogressive sensorineural hearing loss: localization of the gene (DFNA8) to chromosome 11q by linkage in an Austrian family. CYTOGENETICS AND CELL GENETICS 2000; 82:126-30. [PMID: 9763681 DOI: 10.1159/000015086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A four-generation family suffering from an autosomal-dominant, congenital, nonprogressive, nonsyndromic hearing loss was found in a rural region of Austria. The hearing loss was moderate to severe, a pure tone audiogram showing a U-shaped form with maximum loss at 2, 000 Hz. An initial genome search led to a lod score of 3.01 with markers on chromosome 15. This locus was registered as DFNA8 in the HUGO data base. Further sampling of the family, however, yielded data that reduced the maximal lod score with chromosome 15 markers to 1.81. The genome search was restarted using an ABITM genotyper, which eventually detected several positive two-point lod scores with markers from the long arm of chromosome 11. The highest value was 3. 6, which was seen with the marker D11S934. Haplotype analysis excluded the gene from the chromosomal region proximal from D11S898 and distal to D11S1309. These results place the gene in the region of the hearing loss gene DFNA12. Recent evidence suggests that the somewhat different phenotypes found in these two families are due to two different mutations in the human alpha-tectorine gene (Verhoeven et al., 1998).
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kirschhofer
- Department for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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48
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Van Hauwe P, Coucke PJ, Ensink RJ, Huygen P, Cremers CW, Van Camp G. Mutations in the KCNQ4 K+ channel gene, responsible for autosomal dominant hearing loss, cluster in the channel pore region. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 2000; 93:184-7. [PMID: 10925378 DOI: 10.1002/1096-8628(20000731)93:3<184::aid-ajmg4>3.0.co;2-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The DFNA2 locus for autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing impairment on chromosome 1p34 contains at least 2 genes responsible for hearing loss, GJB3 and KCNQ4. GJB3 is a member of the connexin gene family and KCNQ4 is a voltage-gated potassium channel. KCNQ4 mutations were first found in a French family, and later also in a Belgian, an American and two Dutch families. Here we present the analysis of the GJB3 and KCNQ4 genes in a third Dutch family linked to DFNA2. No mutation was found in GJB3, but a missense mutation changing a conserved Leu residue into His (L274H) was found in the coding region of the KCNQ4 gene in all patients of this DFNA2 family. Examination of the position of all known KCNQ4 mutations showed a clustering of mutations in the pore region of the KCNQ4 gene, responsible for the ion selectivity of the channel. The clustering of mutations in this domain confirms its importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Van Hauwe
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Belgium
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49
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Willems
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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50
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Talebizadeh Z, Kelley PM, Askew JW, Beisel KW, Smith SD. Novel mutation in the KCNQ4 gene in a large kindred with dominant progressive hearing loss. Hum Mutat 1999; 14:493-501. [PMID: 10571947 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-1004(199912)14:6<493::aid-humu8>3.0.co;2-p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Analysis of genotyping of a five-generation American family with nonsyndromic dominant progressive hearing loss indicated linkage to the DFNA2 locus on chromosome 1p34. This kindred consists of 170 individuals, of which 51 are affected. Pure tone audiograms, medical records, and blood samples were obtained from 36 family members. Linkage analysis with five microsatellite markers spanning the region around DFNA2 produced a lod score of 6.6 for the marker MYCL1 at straight theta = 0.0. Hearing loss in this family showed a very similar pattern as the first reported American family with the same linkage. High frequency hearing loss was detectable as early as 3 years of age, and progressed to severe to profound loss by the fourth decade. Using intronic primers, we screened the coding region of the KCNQ4 gene. Heteroduplex analysis followed by direct sequencing identified a T-->C transition at position 842, which would produce an L281S amino acid substitution. The observed mutation was shown to segregate completely with affected status in this family. The L281 residue is significantly conserved among the other members of the voltage-gated K(+) channel genes superfamily. Hydrophobicity analysis indicated that L281S substitution would lower formation of the beta structure at the P region of this ion channel. Mutation analysis of KCNQ4 was also performed on 80 unrelated probands from families with recessive or dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss. None of these cases showed a truncated mutation in KCNQ4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Talebizadeh
- Center for Hereditary Communication Disorders, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, Nebraska.
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