1
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Harris RM, Zhu Z, Tufekci BA, Deepika, Jena P, Peterson KA, Bowen KH. Electronic Structure and Anion Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Uranium-Gold Clusters UAu n-, n = 3-7. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:7186-7197. [PMID: 37590893 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c03452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
A collaborative effort between experiment and theory toward elucidating the electronic and molecular structures of uranium-gold clusters is presented. Anion photoelectron spectra of UAun-(n = 3-7) were taken at the third (355 nm) and fourth (266 nm) harmonics of a Nd:YAG laser, as well as excimer (ArF 193 nm) photon energies, where the experimental adiabatic electron affinities and vertical detachment energies values were measured. Complementary first-principles calculations were subsequently carried out to corroborate experimentally determined electron detachment energies and to determine the geometry and electronic structure for each cluster. Except for the ring-like neutral isomer of UAu6 where one unpaired electron is spread over the Au atoms, all other neutral and anionic UAun clusters (n = 3-7) were calculated to possess open-shell electrons with the unpaired electrons localized on the central U atom. The smaller clusters closely resemble the analogous UFn species, but significant deviations are seen starting with UAu5 where a competition between U-Au and Au-Au bonding begins to become apparent. The UAu6 system appears to mark a transition where Au-Au interactions begin to dominate, where both a ring-like and two heavily distorted octahedral structures around the central U atom are calculated to be nearly isoenergetic. With UAu7, only ring-like structures are calculated. Overall, the calculated electron detachment energies are in good agreement with the experimental values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M Harris
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Zhaoguo Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Burak A Tufekci
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Deepika
- Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Purusottam Jena
- Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Kirk A Peterson
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Kit H Bowen
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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2
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Chomicz-Mańka L, Czaja A, Falkiewicz K, Zdrowowicz M, Biernacki K, Demkowicz S, Izadi F, Arthur-Baidoo E, Denifl S, Zhu Z, Tufekci BA, Harris R, Bowen KH, Rak J. Intramolecular Proton Transfer in the Radical Anion of Cytidine Monophosphate Sheds Light on the Sensitivities of Dry vs Wet DNA to Electron Attachment-Induced Damage. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:9059-9071. [PMID: 37040588 PMCID: PMC10141262 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c00591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Single-strand breaks (SSBs) induced via electron attachment were previously observed in dry DNA under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV), while hydrated electrons were found not able to induce this DNA damage in an aqueous solution. To explain these findings, crossed electron-molecular beam (CEMB) and anion photoelectron spectroscopy (aPES) experiments coupled to density functional theory (DFT) modeling were used to demonstrate the fundamental importance of proton transfer (PT) in radical anions formed via electron attachment. Three molecular systems were investigated: 5'-monophosphate of 2'-deoxycytidine (dCMPH), where PT in the electron adduct is feasible, and two ethylated derivatives, 5'-diethylphosphate and 3',5'-tetraethyldiphosphate of 2'-deoxycytidine, where PT is blocked due to substitution of labile protons with the ethyl residues. CEMB and aPES experiments confirmed the cleavage of the C3'/C5'-O bond as the main dissociation channel related to electron attachment in the ethylated derivatives. In the case of dCMPH, however, electron attachment (in the aPES experiments) yielded its parent (intact) radical anion, dCMPH-, suggesting that its dissociation was inhibited. The aPES-measured vertical detachment energy of the dCMPH- was found to be 3.27 eV, which agreed with its B3LYP/6-31++G(d,p)-calculated value and implied that electron-induced proton transfer (EIPT) had occurred during electron attachment to the dCMPH model nucleotide. In other words, EIPT, subduing dissociation, appeared to be somewhat protective against SSB. While EIPT is facilitated in solution compared to the dry environment, the above findings are consistent with the stability of DNA against hydrated electron-induced SSB in solution versus free electron-induced SSB formation in dry DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Chomicz-Mańka
- Laboratory of Biological Sensitizers, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Anna Czaja
- Laboratory of Biological Sensitizers, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Karina Falkiewicz
- Laboratory of Biological Sensitizers, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Zdrowowicz
- Laboratory of Biological Sensitizers, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Karol Biernacki
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Sebastian Demkowicz
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Farhad Izadi
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik and Center for Biomolecular Sciences Innsbruck, Leopold-Franzens Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Eugene Arthur-Baidoo
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik and Center for Biomolecular Sciences Innsbruck, Leopold-Franzens Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stephan Denifl
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik and Center for Biomolecular Sciences Innsbruck, Leopold-Franzens Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Zhaoguo Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Burak Ahmet Tufekci
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Rachel Harris
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Kit H Bowen
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Janusz Rak
- Laboratory of Biological Sensitizers, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
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3
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Colley J, Dynak NJ, Blais JRC, Duncan MA. Photodissociation Spectroscopy and Photofragment Imaging to Probe Fe +(Benzene) 1,2 Dissociation Energies. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:2795-2804. [PMID: 36920853 PMCID: PMC10068738 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c00735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Tunable laser photodissociation spectroscopy measurements and photofragment imaging experiments are employed to investigate the dissociation energy of the Fe+(benzene) ion-molecule complex. Additional spectroscopy measurements determine the dissociation energy of Fe+(benzene)2. The dissociation energies for Fe+(benzene) determined from the threshold for the appearance of the Fe+ fragment (48.4 ± 0.2 kcal/mol) and photofragment imaging (≤49.3 ± 3.2 kcal/mol) agree nicely with each other and with the value determined previously by collision-induced dissociation (49.5 ± 2.9 kcal/mol), but they are lower than the values produced by computational chemistry at the density functional theory level using different functionals recommended for transition-metal chemistry. The threshold measurement for Fe+(benzene)2 (43.0 ± 0.2 kcal/mol) likewise agrees with the value (44.7 ± 3.8 kcal/mol) from previous collision-induced dissociation measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason
E. Colley
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Nathan J. Dynak
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - John R. C. Blais
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Michael A. Duncan
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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4
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Zhu Z, Liu G, Ciborowski SM, Cao Y, Harris RM, Bowen KH. Water activation and splitting by single anionic iridium atoms. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:234304. [PMID: 36550022 DOI: 10.1063/5.0130277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Mass spectrometric analysis of anionic products that result from interacting Ir- with H2O shows the efficient generation of [Ir(H2O)]- complexes and IrO- molecular anions. Anion photoelectron spectra of [Ir(H2O)]-, formed under various source conditions, exhibit spectral features that are due to three different forms of the complex: the solvated anion-molecule complex, Ir-(H2O), as well as the intermediates, [H-Ir-OH]- and [H2-Ir-O]-, where one and two O-H bonds have been broken, respectively. The measured and calculated vertical detachment energy values are in good agreement and, thus, support identification of all three types of isomers. The calculated reaction pathway shows that the overall reaction Ir- + H2O → IrO- + H2 is exothermic. Two minimum energy crossing points were found, which shuttle intermediates and products between singlet and triplet potential surfaces. This study presents the first example of water activation and splitting by single Ir- anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoguo Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St., Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Gaoxiang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St., Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Sandra M Ciborowski
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St., Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Yulu Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St., Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Rachel M Harris
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St., Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Kit H Bowen
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St., Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
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5
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Zhu Z, Marshall M, Harris R, Collins E, Bowen KH. Photoelectron Spectroscopic and Computational Study of the Deprotonated Gallic Acid and Propyl Gallate Anions. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2022; 33:1355-1361. [PMID: 35235324 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.2c00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Antioxidants play important roles in eliminating reactive oxygen species (ROS), which have been associated with various degenerative diseases, such as cancer, aging, and inflammatory diseases. Gallic acid (GA) and propyl gallate (PG) are well-known antioxidants and have been widely studied in vitro and in vivo. The biological antioxidant abilities of GA and PG are related to the electronic structure of their dehydro-radicals. In this work, we report a combined photoelectron spectroscopic and computational study of the deprotonated gallic acid anion, [GA - H]-, and deprotonated propyl gallate anion, [PG - H]-. Adiabatic electron affinities of the dehydro-gallic acid radical, [GA - H]· and of the dehydro-propyl gallate radical, [PG - H]·, are measured to be 2.90 ± 0.05 eV and 2.85 ± 0.05 eV, respectively, and compared to computational results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoguo Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Mary Marshall
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Rachel Harris
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Evan Collins
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Kit H Bowen
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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6
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de Melo GF, Vasiliu M, Marshall M, Zhu Z, Tufekci BA, Ciborowski SM, Blankenhorn M, Harris RM, Bowen KH, Dixon DA. Experimental and Computational Description of the Interaction of H and H - with U. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:4432-4443. [PMID: 35767645 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c03115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The results of ab initio correlated molecular orbital theory electronic structure calculations for low-lying electronic states are presented for UH and UH- and compared to photoelectron spectroscopy measurements. The calculations were performed at the CCSD(T)/CBS and multireference CASPT2 including spin-orbit effects by the state interacting approach levels. The ground states of UH and UH- are predicted to be 4Ι9/2 and 5Λ6, respectively. The spectroscopic parameters Te, re, ωe, ωexe, and Be were obtained, and potential energy curves were calculated for the low energy Ω states of UH. The calculated adiabatic electron affinity is 0.468 eV in excellent agreement with an experimental value of 0.462 ± 0.013 eV. The lowest vertical detachment energy was predicted to be 0.506 eV for the ground state, and the adiabatic ionization energy (IE) is predicted to be 6.116 eV. The bond dissociation energy (BDE) and heat of formation values of UH were obtained using the IE calculated at the Feller-Peterson-Dixon level. For UH, UH-, and UH+, the BDEs were predicted to be 225.5, 197.9, and 235.5 kJ/mol, respectively. The BDE for UH is predicted to be ∼20% lower in energy than that for ThH. The analysis of the natural bond orbitals shows a significant U+H- ionic component in the bond of UH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel F de Melo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35401, United States
| | - Monica Vasiliu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35401, United States
| | - Mary Marshall
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Zhaoguo Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Burak A Tufekci
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Sandra M Ciborowski
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Moritz Blankenhorn
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Rachel M Harris
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Kit H Bowen
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - David A Dixon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35401, United States
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7
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Vasiliu M, Marshall M, Zhu Z, Bowen KH, Dixon DA. Molecular Properties of Thorium Hydrides: Electron Affinities and Thermochemistry. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:2388-2396. [PMID: 35411767 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c01460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
High-level electronic structure calculations of the ground and low-lying energy electronic states for ThHx and ThHx- for x = 2-5 are reported and compared to available anion photoelectron detachment experiments. The adiabatic electron affinities (EAs) are predicted to be 0.82, 0.88, 0.51, and 2.36 eV for x = 2 to 5, respectively, at the Feller-Peterson-Dixon (FPD) level. The vertical detachment energies (VDEs) are predicted to be 0.84, 0.88, 0.81, and 4.38 eV for x = 2-5, respectively. The corresponding experimental VDEs are 0.871 eV for x = 2, 0.88 eV for x = 3, and 4.09 eV for x = 5. As for ThH, there is a significant spin-orbit (SO) correction for the EA of ThH2, and this correction decreases substantially for x > 2. The observed ThH2- photoelectron spectrum has many transitions as predicted at the CASPT2-SO level. The FPD bond dissociation energies (BDEs) increase from 67 to 75 kcal/mol for x = 2 to x = 4 at the FPD level. The BDE for ThH5 is much lower as it is a complex of H2 with ThH3. The hydride affinities for x = 2 to 4 are all comparable and near 70 kcal/mol. A natural bond orbital analysis is consistent with a significant Th+-H- ionic contribution to the Th-H bonds. There is very little participation of the 5f orbitals in the bonding and the valence electrons on the Th are dominated by 7s and 6d for the neutrals and anions except for ThH2- where there is a significant contribution from the 7p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Vasiliu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35401, United States
| | - Mary Marshall
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Zhaoguo Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Kit H Bowen
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - David A Dixon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35401, United States
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8
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Zhu Z, Marshall M, Bowen KH, Peterson KA. ThAu2−, ThAu2O−, and ThAuOH− anions: Photoelectron spectroscopic and theoretical characterization. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:054305. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0079795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoguo Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Mary Marshall
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Kit H. Bowen
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Kirk A. Peterson
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USA
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9
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Vasiliu M, Peterson KA, Marshall M, Zhu Z, Tufekci BA, Bowen KH, Dixon DA. Interaction of Th with H 0/-/+: Combined Experimental and Theoretical Thermodynamic Properties. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:198-210. [PMID: 34989579 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c07598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
High-level electronic structure calculations of the low-lying energy electronic states for ThH, ThH-, and ThH+ are reported and compared to experimental measurements. The inclusion of spin-orbit coupling is critical to predict the ground-state ordering as inclusion of spin-orbit switches the coupled-cluster CCSD(T) ordering of the two lowest energy states for ThH and ThH+. At the multireference spin-orbit SO-CASPT2 level, the ground states of ThH, ThH-, and ThH+ are predicted to be the 2Δ3/2, 3Φ2, and 3Δ1 states, respectively. The adiabatic electron affinity is calculated to be 0.820 eV, and the vertical detachment energy is calculated to be 0.832 eV in comparison to an experimental value of 0.87 ± 0.02 eV. The observed ThH- photoelectron spectrum has many transitions, which approximately correlate with excitations of Th+ and/or Th. The adiabatic ionization energy of ThH including spin-orbit corrections is calculated to be 6.181 eV. The natural bond orbital results are consistent with a significant contribution of the Th+H- ionic configuration to the bonding in ThH. The bond dissociation energies for ThH, ThH-, and ThH+ using the Feller-Peterson-Dixon approach were calculated to be similar for all three molecules and lie between 259 and 280 kJ/mol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Vasiliu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35401, Unites States
| | - Kirk A Peterson
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, Unites States
| | - Mary Marshall
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, Unites States
| | - Zhaoguo Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, Unites States
| | - Burak A Tufekci
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, Unites States
| | - Kit H Bowen
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, Unites States
| | - David A Dixon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35401, Unites States
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10
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Xu J, Zhang X, Wang H, Fu L, Li X, Grubisic A, Harris RM, Eichhorn B, Gantefoer G, Ding Y, Kiran B, Kandalam AK, Bowen KH. A Combined Theoretical and Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study of Al
3
H
n
−
(
n
=1–9) clusters. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202100206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Institute of Theoretical Chemistry Jilin University Changchun 130023 People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxing Zhang
- Departments of Chemistry and Material Sciences Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Maryland MD 21218 USA
| | - Haopeng Wang
- Departments of Chemistry and Material Sciences Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Maryland MD 21218 USA
| | - Lijuan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Institute of Theoretical Chemistry Jilin University Changchun 130023 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Li
- Departments of Chemistry and Material Sciences Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Maryland MD 21218 USA
| | - Andrej Grubisic
- Departments of Chemistry and Material Sciences Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Maryland MD 21218 USA
| | - Rachel M. Harris
- Departments of Chemistry and Material Sciences Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Maryland MD 21218 USA
| | - Bryan Eichhorn
- Department of Chemistry University of Maryland at College Park College Park MD 20742 USA
| | - Gerd Gantefoer
- Departments of Chemistry and Material Sciences Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Maryland MD 21218 USA
| | - Yihong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Institute of Theoretical Chemistry Jilin University Changchun 130023 People's Republic of China
| | - Boggavarapu Kiran
- Department of Chemistry and Physics McNeese State University Lake Charles LA 70609 USA
| | - Anil K. Kandalam
- Department of Physics and Engineering West Chester University West Chester PA 19383 USA
| | - Kit H. Bowen
- Departments of Chemistry and Material Sciences Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Maryland MD 21218 USA
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11
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Storoniak P, Rak J, Wang H, Ko YJ, Bowen KH. Electrophilic Properties of 2'-Deoxyadenosine···Thymine Dimer: Photoelectron Spectroscopy and DFT Studies. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:6591-6599. [PMID: 34310156 PMCID: PMC8389985 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c03803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The anion radical of the 2'-deoxyadenosine···thymine (dAT•-) pair has been investigated experimentally and theoretically in the gas phase. By employing negative-ion photoelectron spectroscopy (PES), we have registered a spectrum typical for the valence-bound anion, featuring a broad peak at the electron-binding energy (EBE) between ∼1.5 and 2.2 eV with the maximum at ∼1.9 eV. The measured value of the adiabatic electron affinity (AEA) for dAT was estimated to be ∼1.1 eV. Calculations performed at the M06-2X/6-31++G(d,p) level revealed that the structure, where thymine is coordinated to the sugar of dA by two hydrogen bonds, is responsible for the observed PES signal. The AEAG and the vertical detachment energy of 0.91 and 1.68 eV, respectively, calculated for this structure reproduce the experimental values well. The role of the possible proton transfer in the stabilization of anionic radical complexes is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Storoniak
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, Gdańsk 80-308, Poland
| | - Janusz Rak
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, Gdańsk 80-308, Poland
| | - Haopeng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Yeon Jae Ko
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Kit H Bowen
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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12
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Mason JL, Folluo CN, Jarrold CC. More than little fragments of matter: Electronic and molecular structures of clusters. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:200901. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0054222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jarrett L. Mason
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - Carley N. Folluo
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - Caroline Chick Jarrold
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
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13
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Liu G, Zhu Z, Marshall M, Blankenhorn M, Bowen KH. CO 2 Activation and Hydrogenation by Palladium Hydride Cluster Anions. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:1747-1753. [PMID: 33620232 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c00204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometric analysis of the anionic products of interaction between palladium hydride anions, PdH-, and carbon dioxide, CO2, in a reaction cell shows an efficient generation of the PdHCO2- intermediate and isolated formate product. Multiple isomers of the PdHCO2- intermediates are identified by a synergy between negative ion photoelectron spectroscopy and quantum-chemical calculations. It is shown that a direct mechanism, in which the H atom in PdH- directly activates and hydrogenates CO2, leads to the formation of the formate product. An indirect mechanism, on the other hand, leads to a stable HPdCO2- structure, where CO2 is chemisorbed onto the Pd atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoxiang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Zhaoguo Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Mary Marshall
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Moritz Blankenhorn
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Kit H Bowen
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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14
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Marshall M, Zhu Z, Liu J, Cheng L, Bowen KH. Photoelectron Spectroscopic and ab Initio Computational Studies of the Anion, HThO–. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:1903-1909. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c11539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mary Marshall
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Zhaoguo Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Junzi Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Lan Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Kit H. Bowen
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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15
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Zhu Z, Marshall M, Harris RM, Bowen KH, Vasiliu M, Dixon DA. Th 2O -, Th 2Au -, and Th 2AuO 1,2- Anions: Photoelectron Spectroscopic and Computational Characterization of Energetics and Bonding. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:258-271. [PMID: 33327720 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c09766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The observation and characterization of the anions: Th2O-, Th2Au-, and Th2AuO1,2- is reported. These species were studied through a synergetic combination of anion photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio correlated molecular orbital theory calculations at the CCSD(T) level with large correlation-consistent basis sets. To better understand the energetics and bonding in these anions and their corresponding neutrals, a range of smaller diatomic to tetratomic species were studied computationally. Correlated molecular orbital theory calculations at the CCSD(T) level showed that in most of these cases, there are close-lying anions and neutral clusters with different geometries and spin states and are consistent with the experimentally observed spectra. Thus, comparison of experimentally determined and computationally predicted vertical detachment energies and electron affinities for different optimized geometries and spin states shows excellent agreement to within 0.1 eV. The structures for both the neutrals and anions have a significant ionic component to the bonding because of the large electron affinity of the Au atom and modest ionization potentials for Th2, Th2O, and Th2O2. The analysis of the bonding for the Th-Th bonds from the molecular orbitals is consistent with this ionic model. The results show that there is a wide variation in the bond distance from 2.7 to 3.5 Å for the Th-Th bonds all of which are less than twice the atomic radius of Th of 3.6 Å. The bond distances encompass bond orders from 4 to 0. There can be different bond orders for the same bond distance depending on the nature of the ionic bonding suggesting that one may not be able to correlate the bond order with the bond distance in these types of clusters. In addition, the presence of an Au atom may provide a unique probe of the bonding in such clusters because of its ability to accept an electron from clusters with modest ionization potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoguo Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Mary Marshall
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Rachel M Harris
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Kit H Bowen
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Monica Vasiliu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35401, United States
| | - David A Dixon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35401, United States
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16
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Kang W, Liu X, Zeng W, Zhang Y, Qi L, Liu J, Fang L, Zhou M. Tunable electronic structures and half-metallicity in two-dimensional InSe functionalized with magnetic superatom. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2020; 32:365501. [PMID: 32353836 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab8eca] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Based on first-principles calculations, we investigate the geometric, energetic and electronic properties of two-dimensional (2D) InSe functionalized with magnetic superatoms (MnCl3). As a nonmagnetic semiconductor, 2D InSe exhibits non-covalent interaction with MnCl3and provides an ideal substrate for the assembly of magnetic superatoms. We show that with a low coverage of MnCl3, the functionalized system behaves as a magnetic semiconductor with spin-polarized superatomic states residing inside the energy gap of InSe. When the coverage becomes higher, the system has one spin channel crossing Fermi level while the other remains insulating, thus being half-metallic. We further demonstrate electric field effects on the functionalized system, and reveal that half metal with 100% spin polarization can be achieved at a lower coverage due to the field induced charge transfer, which downshifts the unoccupied bands of one spin component so that they become partially filled. These findings are generally applicable, demonstrating the great promise of combining superatom assembly with electric gating for controllable and versatile 2D spintronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Kang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and System of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and System of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and System of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and System of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Qi
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and System of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Liu
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunication, Chongqing 400064, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Fang
- College of Physics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and System of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
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17
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Liu G, Poths P, Zhang X, Zhu Z, Marshall M, Blankenhorn M, Alexandrova AN, Bowen KH. CO 2 Hydrogenation to Formate and Formic Acid by Bimetallic Palladium-Copper Hydride Clusters. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:7930-7936. [PMID: 32250623 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c01855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometric analysis of the anionic products of interaction between bimetallic palladium-copper tetrahydride anions, PdCuH4-, and carbon dioxide, CO2, in a reaction cell shows an efficient generation of the PdCuCO2H4- intermediate and formate/formic acid complexes. Multiple structures of PdCuH4- and PdCuCO2H4- are identified by a synergy between anion photoelectron spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations. The higher energy PdCuH4- isomer is shown to drive the catalytic hydrogenation of CO2, emphasizing the importance of accounting for higher energy isomers for cluster catalytic activity. This study represents the first example of CO2 hydrogenation by bimetallic hydride clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoxiang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Patricia Poths
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 605 Charles E. Young Drive, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Xinxing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (ReCAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhaoguo Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Mary Marshall
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Moritz Blankenhorn
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Anastassia N Alexandrova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 605 Charles E. Young Drive, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Kit H Bowen
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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18
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Shao P, Ding LP, Luo DB, Lu C. Probing the structural, bonding, electronic and magnetic properties of transition–metal borazine systems: Com(borazine)n (m = 1, 2; n = 1–3). Mol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2019.1667542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Shao
- Department of Physics, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Ping Ding
- Department of Physics, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dao-Bin Luo
- Department of Physics, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng Lu
- Department of Physics, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Physics and High Pressure Science and Engineering Center, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
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19
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Silva WR, Cao W, Yang DS. Low-Energy Photoelectron Imaging Spectroscopy of La n(benzene) (n = 1 and 2). J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:8440-8447. [PMID: 29061045 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b09750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Lan(benzene) (n = 1 and 2) are formed in a pulsed laser-ablation molecular beam source and characterized by low-energy photoelectron imaging spectroscopy. The photoelectron spectrum of La2(benzene) displays a strong origin band, a short metal-ligand stretching progression, and a weak ring deformation band. Four isomers are considered for La2(benzene), and the preferred structure is an inverse sandwich with two La atoms residing on the opposite sides of the benzene ring. The ground electronic state of the inverse sandwich is 1A1g (D3d) with (5dxy,x2-y2 + π*)46s2 electron configuration. Ionization removes a La-based 6s electron and yields a 2A1g ion. The spectrum of La(benzene) is similar to the zero-electron kinetic energy spectrum reported previously by our group, although the spectral line width is somewhat broader. The measurement of the photoelectron angular distribution of La(benzene) confirms that the ejected electron has largely a p wave character. The metal-ligand bonding of La2(benzene) is considerably stronger than that of La(benzene) due to the threefold binding of each La atom in the dilanthanum species and the twofold binding in the monolanthanum complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Ruchira Silva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, United States
| | - Wenjin Cao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, United States
| | - Dong-Sheng Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, United States
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20
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Zhang X, Wang L, Montone GR, Gill AF, Ganteför G, Eichhorn B, Kandalam AK, Bowen KH. Low oxidation state aluminum-containing cluster anions: LAlH - and LAl n- (n = 2-4, L = N[Si(Me) 3] 2). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:15541-15548. [PMID: 28581549 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp01560g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Several low oxidation state aluminum-containing cluster anions, LAlH- and LAln- (n = 2-4, L = N[Si(Me)3]2), were produced via reactions between aluminum hydride cluster anions, AlxHy-, and hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS). These clusters were characterized by mass spectrometry, anion photoelectron spectroscopy, and density functional theory (DFT) based calculations. Agreement between the experimental and theoretical vertical detachment energies (VDEs) and adiabatic detachment energies (ADEs) validated the computed geometrical structures. Reactions between aluminum hydride cluster anions and ligands promise to be a new synthetic scheme for low oxidation state, ligated aluminum clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
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21
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22
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Zhang X, Wang H, Ganteför G, Eichhorn BW, Kiran B, Bowen KH. Photoelectron spectroscopic study of carbon aluminum hydride cluster anions. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:154305. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4964934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xinxing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Haopeng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Gerd Ganteför
- Facultat für Physik, Universität Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Bryan W. Eichhorn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Boggavarapu Kiran
- Department of Chemistry, McNeese State University, Lake Charles, Louisiana 70609, USA
| | - Kit H. Bowen
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
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23
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Zhang X, Ganteför G, Eichhorn B, Mayo D, Sawyer WH, Gill AF, Kandalam AK, Schnöckel H, Bowen K. Low oxidation state aluminum-containing cluster anions: Cp(∗)AlnH(-), n = 1-3. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:074305. [PMID: 27544103 DOI: 10.1063/1.4959847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Three new, low oxidation state, aluminum-containing cluster anions, Cp*AlnH(-), n = 1-3, were prepared via reactions between aluminum hydride cluster anions, AlnHm (-), and Cp*H ligands. These were characterized by mass spectrometry, anion photoelectron spectroscopy, and density functional theory based calculations. Agreement between the experimentally and theoretically determined vertical detachment energies and adiabatic detachment energies validated the computed geometrical structures. Reactions between aluminum hydride cluster anions and ligands provide a new avenue for discovering low oxidation state, ligated aluminum clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Gerd Ganteför
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Bryan Eichhorn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Dennis Mayo
- EOD Technology Division, Naval Surface Warfare Center, Indian Head, Maryland 20640, USA
| | - William H Sawyer
- Department of Physics, West Chester University of PA, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19383, USA
| | - Ann F Gill
- Department of Physics, West Chester University of PA, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19383, USA
| | - Anil K Kandalam
- Department of Physics, West Chester University of PA, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19383, USA
| | - Hansgeorg Schnöckel
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Kit Bowen
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
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24
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Zhang X, Ganteför G, Alexandrova AN, Bowen K. Photoelectron spectroscopic and computational study of the PtMgH3,5− cluster anions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:19345-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp03243e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The two cluster anions, PtMgH3− and PtMgH5−, were studied by photoelectron spectroscopy and theoretical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Johns Hopkins University
- Baltimore
- USA
| | - Gerd Ganteför
- Department of Chemistry
- Johns Hopkins University
- Baltimore
- USA
| | - Anastassia N. Alexandrova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California, Los Angeles
- Los Angeles
- USA
- California NanoSystems Institute
| | - Kit Bowen
- Department of Chemistry
- Johns Hopkins University
- Baltimore
- USA
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25
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Flores R, Cortes HF, Castro M. Probing the stability of the M2(Benzene)3 M = Fe, Co, and Ni structures upon electron attachment (deletion) and solvated iron clusters by benzene molecules: Fe2(Benzene)4. J Mol Struct 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2015.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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26
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Ivanov AS, Zhang X, Wang H, Boldyrev AI, Gantefoer G, Bowen KH, Černušák I. Anion Photoelectron Spectroscopy and CASSCF/CASPT2/RASSI Study of Lan– (n = 1, 3–7). J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:11293-303. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b08076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. S. Ivanov
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old
Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, United States
| | - X. Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - H. Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - A. I. Boldyrev
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old
Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, United States
- Department
of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina CH1, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - G. Gantefoer
- Department
of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - K. H. Bowen
- Department
of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - I. Černušák
- Department
of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina CH1, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia
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27
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Keolopile ZG, Gutowski M, Buonaugurio A, Collins E, Zhang X, Erb J, Lectka T, Bowen KH, Allan M. Importance of Time Scale and Local Environment in Electron-Driven Proton Transfer. The Anion of Acetoacetic Acid. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:14329-40. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b08134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zibo G. Keolopile
- Department
of Physics, University of Botswana, Private Bag 0022, Gaborone, Botswana
- Institute
of Chemical Sciences, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United Kingdom
| | - Maciej Gutowski
- Institute
of Chemical Sciences, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United Kingdom
| | - Angela Buonaugurio
- Department
of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Evan Collins
- Department
of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Xinxing Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Jeremy Erb
- Department
of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Thomas Lectka
- Department
of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Kit H. Bowen
- Department
of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Michael Allan
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, chemin du Musée 9, Fribourg 1700, Switzerland
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28
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Robinson PJ, Ganteför G, Alexandrova A, Bowen KH. Photoelectron spectroscopic and theoretical study of the [HPd(η2-H2)]− cluster anion. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:094307. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4929998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paul J. Robinson
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, USA
| | - Gerd Ganteför
- Departments of Chemistry and Materials Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Anastassia Alexandrova
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, 570 Westwood Plaza, Building 114, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Kit H. Bowen
- Departments of Chemistry and Materials Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
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29
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Buendía F, Beltrán MR, Zhang X, Liu G, Buytendyk A, Bowen K. Ab initio and anion photoelectron study of AunRhm (n = 1–7, m = 1–2) clusters. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:28219-27. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp00115c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Anion photoelectron spectroscopy and DFT calculations study on AunRhm (n = 1–7 and m = 1–2). PES spectra, vertical and adiabatic detachment energies, are compared. The characteristic planarity for gold clusters is preserved for many of the bimetallic clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Buendía
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- México D.F
- Mexico
| | - Marcela R. Beltrán
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- México D.F
- Mexico
| | - Xinxing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Johns Hopkins University
- Baltimore
- USA
| | - Gaoxiang Liu
- Department of Chemistry
- Johns Hopkins University
- Baltimore
- USA
| | | | - Kit Bowen
- Department of Chemistry
- Johns Hopkins University
- Baltimore
- USA
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30
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Masubuchi T, Iwasa T, Nakajima A. Experimental and theoretical studies of the structural and electronic properties of vanadium-benzene sandwich clusters and their anions: V(n)Bz(n)(0/-) (n = 1-5) and V(n)Bz(n-1)(0/-) (n = 2-5). J Chem Phys 2014; 141:214304. [PMID: 25481141 DOI: 10.1063/1.4902367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
One end open V(n)Bz(n)(-) (n = 1-5; Bz = benzene) and both ends open V(n)Bz(n-1)(-) (n = 2-5) vanadium-benzene cluster anions were studied using anion photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional calculations. The smaller (n ≤ 3) V(n)Bz(n) and V(n)Bz(n-1) clusters and corresponding anions were found to have structural isomers, whereas full-sandwiched V(n)Bz(n+1) clusters preferred to form multiple-decker sandwich structures. Several isomeric V2Bz2 structures were identified theoretically and the anion photoelectron spectra of V2Bz2(0/-) were explained well by the coexistence of two isomeric structures: (1) a V2-core structure sandwiched between benzene molecules and (2) an alternating sandwich structure with the spin state strongly dependent on the structure. The adiabatic electron affinity of both V(n)Bz(n) and V(n)Bz(n-1) was found to increase with the cluster size at larger sizes (n = 4 or 5) and approaches to that of V(n)Bz(n+1). The evolution of the structural and electronic properties of V(n)Bz(m) and V(n)Bz(m)(-) (m = n and n - 1) with size is discussed in comparison with V(n)Bz(n+1) and V(n)Bz(n+1)(-).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsugunosuke Masubuchi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Takeshi Iwasa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakajima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
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31
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Zhang X, Liu G, Ganteför G, Bowen KH, Alexandrova AN. PtZnH5(-), A σ-Aromatic Cluster. J Phys Chem Lett 2014; 5:1596-1601. [PMID: 26270102 DOI: 10.1021/jz500322n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report a joint photoelectron spectroscopic and theoretical study of the PtZnH5(-) cluster anion. This cluster exhibited an unprecedented planar pentagonal coordination for Pt and an unusual stability and high intensity in the mass spectrum. Both are due to the σ-aromaticity found in the H5-cycle supported by the 5d orbitals on the Pt atom. σ-Aromaticity in all-H systems has been predicted in the past but never found in experimentally observed species. Besides fundamental importance, mixed transition-metal hydrides can be found as intermediates in catalytic processes, and thus, the unexpected stability facilitated by σ-aromaticity can be appreciated also in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxing Zhang
- †Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Gaoxiang Liu
- †Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Gerd Ganteför
- †Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Kit H Bowen
- †Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Anastassia N Alexandrova
- ‡Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
- §California NanoSystems Institute, 570 Westwood Plaza, Building 114, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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32
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Wang H, Zhang X, Ko YJ, Gantefoer G, Bowen KH, Li X, Kiran B, Kandalam AK. Photoelectron spectroscopy of boron aluminum hydride cluster anions. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:164317. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4871884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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33
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Zhang X, Ganteför G, Bowen KH, Alexandrova AN. The PtAl(-) and PtAl2(-) anions: theoretical and photoelectron spectroscopic characterization. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:164316. [PMID: 24784279 DOI: 10.1063/1.4873160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a joint photoelectron spectroscopic and theoretical study of the PtAl(-) and PtAl2(-) anions. The ground state structures and electronic configurations of these species were identified to be C∞v, (1)Σ(+) for PtAl(-), and C2v, (2)B1 for PtAl2(-). Structured anion photoelectron spectra of these clusters were recorded and interpreted using ab initio calculations. Good agreement between theory and experiment was found. All experimental features were successfully assigned to one-electron transitions from the ground state of the anions to the ground or excited states of the corresponding neutral species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxing Zhang
- Departments of Chemistry and Materials Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Gerd Ganteför
- Departments of Chemistry and Materials Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Kit H Bowen
- Departments of Chemistry and Materials Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Anastassia N Alexandrova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, USA and California NanoSystems Institute, 570 Westwood Plaza, Building 114, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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34
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Aguilera-Granja F, Aguilera-del-Toro RH, Vega A, Balbás LC. Structural and Electronic Properties of TMn[(BN)3H6]m Complexes with TM = Co (n, m = 1–3) and with TM = Fe, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd (n = m = 1–3). J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:2976-83. [DOI: 10.1021/jp500191v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Aguilera-Granja
- Instituto de Fı́sica, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosı́, San Luis Potosı́, México
| | | | - A. Vega
- Departamento
de Fı́sica Teórica, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - L. C. Balbás
- Departamento
de Fı́sica Teórica, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
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35
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Wang H, Jae Ko Y, Zhang X, Gantefoer G, Schnoeckel H, Eichhorn BW, Jena P, Kiran B, Kandalam AK, Bowen KH. The viability of aluminum Zintl anion moieties within magnesium-aluminum clusters. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:124309. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4869104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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36
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Photoelectron spectroscopic study of the diphenylphosphide anion and its oxide. Chem Phys Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2014.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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37
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Wang H, Zhang X, Ko YJ, Grubisic A, Li X, Ganteför G, Schnöckel H, Eichhorn BW, Lee MS, Jena P, Kandalam AK, Kiran B, Bowen KH. Aluminum Zintl anion moieties within sodium aluminum clusters. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:054301. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4862989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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38
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Shao P, Kuang XY, Ding LP. Probing the Structural, Bonding, and Magnetic Properties of Cobalt Coordination Complexes: Co–Benzene, Co–Pyridine, and Co–Pyrimidine. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:12998-3008. [DOI: 10.1021/jp408971a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Shao
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Kuang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Li-Ping Ding
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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39
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Zhang X, Visser B, Tschurl M, Collins E, Wang Y, Wang Q, Li Y, Sun Q, Jena P, Gantefoer G, Boesl U, Heiz U, Bowen K. Communication: In search of four-atom chiral metal clusters. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:111101. [PMID: 24070270 DOI: 10.1063/1.4821766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
A combined study utilizing anion photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory was conducted to search for four-atom, chiral, metal, and mostly metal clusters. The clusters considered were AuCoMnBi(-/0), AlAuMnO(-/0), AgMnOAl(-/0), and AuAlPtAg(-/0), where the superscripts, (-/0), refer to anionic and neutral cluster species, respectively. Based on the agreement of experimentally and theoretically determined values of both electron affinities and vertical detachment energies, the calculated cluster geometries were validated and examined for chirality. Among both anionic and neutral clusters, five structures were identified as being chiral.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
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40
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Zhang X, Tang X, Bowen K. Photoelectron spectroscopic study of the ethyl cyanoacrylate anion. Chem Phys Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2013.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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41
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Zhang X, Wang H, Collins E, Lim A, Ganteför G, Kiran B, Schnöckel H, Eichhorn B, Bowen K. Photoelectron spectroscopy of the aluminum hydride anions: AlH2−, AlH3−, Al2H6−, Al3H9−, and Al4H12−. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:124303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4796200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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42
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Tombers M, Barzen L, Niedner-Schatteburg G. Inverse H/D Isotope Effects in Benzene Activation by Cationic and Anionic Cobalt Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:1197-203. [DOI: 10.1021/jp305281m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Tombers
- Fachbereich Chemie and Forschungszentrum
OPTIMAS, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Lars Barzen
- Fachbereich Chemie and Forschungszentrum
OPTIMAS, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Gereon Niedner-Schatteburg
- Fachbereich Chemie and Forschungszentrum
OPTIMAS, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
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43
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Sun Z, Tang Z, Gao Z. Half sandwich structures of (M=Ag and Au): An experimental and theoretical study. J Mol Struct 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2012.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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44
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Masubuchi T, Ohi K, Iwasa T, Nakajima A. Experimental and theoretical studies on the electronic properties of vanadium-benzene sandwich cluster anions, VnBzn+1− (n = 1-5). J Chem Phys 2012; 137:224305. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4769776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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45
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Storoniak P, Rak J, Ko YJ, Wang H, Bowen KH. Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Computational Modeling of Thymidine Homodimer Anions. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:13975-81. [DOI: 10.1021/jp307570p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Storoniak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Sobieskiego 18, 80-952
Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Janusz Rak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Sobieskiego 18, 80-952
Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Yeon Jae Ko
- Department
of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University,
Baltimore, Maryland 21218,
United States
| | - Haopeng Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University,
Baltimore, Maryland 21218,
United States
| | - Kit H. Bowen
- Department
of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University,
Baltimore, Maryland 21218,
United States
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46
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Williams KS, Hooper JP, Horn JM, Lightstone JM, Wang H, Ko YJ, Bowen KH. Magnetic structure variation in manganese-oxide clusters. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:134315. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3698279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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47
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Ko YJ, Wang H, Pradhan K, Koirala P, Kandalam AK, Bowen KH, Jena P. Superhalogen properties of CumCln clusters: Theory and experiment. J Chem Phys 2011; 135:244312. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3671457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
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48
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Li X, Bowen KH, Jena P, Kandalam AK. Photoelectron spectroscopic study of iron-pyrene cluster anions. J Chem Phys 2011; 135:204301. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3661984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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49
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Chomicz L, Rak J, Paneth P, Sevilla M, Ko YJ, Wang H, Bowen KH. Valence anions of N-acetylproline in the gas phase: computational and anion photoelectron spectroscopic studies. J Chem Phys 2011; 135:114301. [PMID: 21950856 PMCID: PMC3298562 DOI: 10.1063/1.3625957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2011] [Accepted: 07/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the photoelectron spectrum of anionic N-acetylproline, (N-AcPro)(-), measured with 3.49 eV photons. This spectrum, which consists of a band centered at an electron binding energy of 1.4 eV and a higher energy spectral tail, confirms that N-acetylproline forms a valence anion in the gas phase. The neutrals and anions of N-AcPro were also studied computationally at the B3LYP∕6-31++G(d,p) level. Based on the calculations, we conclude that the photoelectron spectrum is due to anions which originated from proton transfer induced by electron attachment to the π* orbital localized at the acetyl group of N-AcPro. We also characterized the energetics of reaction paths leading to pyrrolidine ring opening in the anionic N-AcPro. These data suggest that electron induced decomposition of peptides/proteins comprising proline strongly depends on the presence of proton donors in the close vicinity to the proline residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Chomicz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Sobieskiego 18, 80-952 Gdańsk, Poland
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50
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Grubisic A, Wang H, Li X, Ko YJ, Kocak FS, Pederson MR, Bowen KH, Eichhorn BW. Photoelectron spectroscopic and computational studies of the Pt@Pb₁₀⁻¹ and Pt@Pb₁₂¹⁻/²⁻ anions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011; 108:14757-62. [PMID: 21876183 PMCID: PMC3169158 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1105052108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A combination of anion photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations has elucidated the geometric and electronic structure of gas-phase endohedral Pt/Pb cage cluster anions. The anions, Pt@Pb₁₀⁻¹ and Pt@Pb₁₂¹⁻ were prepared from "preassembled" clusters generated from crystalline samples of [K(2,2,2-crypt)]₂[Pt@Pb₁₂] that were brought into the gas phase using a unique infrared desorption/photoemission anion source. The use of crystalline [K(2,2,2-crypt)]₂[Pt@Pb₁₂] also provided access to K[Pt@Pb(n)](-) anions in the gas phase (i.e., the K⁺ salts of the Pt@Pb(n)²⁻ anions). Anion photoelectron spectra of Pt@Pb₁₀⁻¹, Pt@Pb₁₂¹⁻, and K[Pt@Pb₁₂]¹⁻ are presented. Extensive density functional theory calculations on Pt@Pb₁₀³⁻/²⁻/¹⁻/⁰ and Pt@Pb₁₂²⁻/¹⁻ provided candidate structures and anion photoelectron spectra for Pt@Pb₁₀⁻¹ and Pt@Pb₁₂¹⁻. Together, the calculated and measured photoelectron spectra show that Pt@Pb₁₀⁻¹ and Pt@Pb₁₂²⁻/¹⁻ endohedral complexes maintain their respective D(4d) and slightly distorted I(h) symmetries in the gas phase even for the charge states with open shell character. Aside from the fullerenes, the Pt@Pb₁₂²⁻ endohedral complex is the only bare cluster that has been structurally characterized in the solid state, solution, and the gas phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrej Grubisic
- Departments of Chemistry and Materials Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218
| | - Haopeng Wang
- Departments of Chemistry and Materials Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218
| | - Xiang Li
- Departments of Chemistry and Materials Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218
| | - Yeon-Jae Ko
- Departments of Chemistry and Materials Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218
| | - F. Sanem Kocak
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742; and
| | - Mark R. Pederson
- Center for Computational Materials Science, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375
| | - Kit H. Bowen
- Departments of Chemistry and Materials Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218
| | - Bryan W. Eichhorn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742; and
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