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Garrett BC, Dixon DA, Camaioni DM, Chipman DM, Johnson MA, Jonah CD, Kimmel GA, Miller JH, Rescigno TN, Rossky PJ, Xantheas SS, Colson SD, Laufer AH, Ray D, Barbara PF, Bartels DM, Becker KH, Bowen KH, Bradforth SE, Carmichael I, Coe JV, Corrales LR, Cowin JP, Dupuis M, Eisenthal KB, Franz JA, Gutowski MS, Jordan KD, Kay BD, LaVerne JA, Lymar SV, Madey TE, McCurdy CW, Meisel D, Mukamel S, Nilsson AR, Orlando TM, Petrik NG, Pimblott SM, Rustad JR, Schenter GK, Singer SJ, Tokmakoff A, Wang LS, Zwier TS. Role of Water in Electron-Initiated Processes and Radical Chemistry: Issues and Scientific Advances. Chem Rev 2004; 105:355-90. [PMID: 15720157 DOI: 10.1021/cr030453x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 392] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruce C. Garrett
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - David A. Dixon
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - Donald M. Camaioni
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - Daniel M. Chipman
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - Mark A. Johnson
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - Charles D. Jonah
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - Gregory A. Kimmel
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - John H. Miller
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - Thomas N. Rescigno
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - Peter J. Rossky
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - Sotiris S. Xantheas
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - Steven D. Colson
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - Allan H. Laufer
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - Douglas Ray
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - Paul F. Barbara
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - David M. Bartels
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - Kurt H. Becker
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - Kit H. Bowen
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - Stephen E. Bradforth
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - Ian Carmichael
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - James V. Coe
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - L. Rene Corrales
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - James P. Cowin
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - Michel Dupuis
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - Kenneth B. Eisenthal
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - James A. Franz
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - Maciej S. Gutowski
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - Kenneth D. Jordan
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - Bruce D. Kay
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - Jay A. LaVerne
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - Sergei V. Lymar
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - Theodore E. Madey
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - C. William McCurdy
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - Dan Meisel
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - Shaul Mukamel
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - Anders R. Nilsson
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - Thomas M. Orlando
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - Nikolay G. Petrik
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - Simon M. Pimblott
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - James R. Rustad
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - Gregory K. Schenter
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - Sherwin J. Singer
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - Andrei Tokmakoff
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - Lai-Sheng Wang
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
| | - Timothy S. Zwier
- Chemical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Department of Chemistry, Shelby
Hall, University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336; Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 0520-8107; Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Department of Computer Science and
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